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Manufacturing has been around for a long time, from hand production to automated machinery. Regardless of the method, it has undoubtedly improved and continues to improve our quality of life. With advancements in technology, we have witnessed accelerated production and expansion in breadth of goods from items of need to those of want. This convenience is at the expense of the environment, and unfortunately, we have already begun to witness the detrimental side effects of this. Ironically, this ends up impacting our quality of life as we face depletion of resources and a deterioration of habitable land.

The question today is how do we make manufacturing sustainable? There are many approaches with no one-size-fits-all solution. To further complicate the matter, the process of manufacturing is deeply intertwined in many societal factors. Despite the difficulty, all is not doomed. There are valiant efforts made in current manufacture to develop and implement sustainable methods, utilizing science to neutralize or counteract byproducts of manufacturing and cultivating green mindfulness in future innovations.

In the cover of this issue, we depict the bridging of manufacturing and sustainability. Manufacturing is represented by the automated assembly lines. Sustainability efforts can be seen in various stages of the assembly line, from the green colouration of the lightbulb to the insertion of a green sprout in the lightbulb. There are two layers to this design – one being the physical integration of green efforts in manufacturing and second being the green idea generation represented by the lightbulbs. Though canonically observed as two opposing forces, both manufacturing and sustainability are represented harmoniously in the cover, offering the outlook that integration of both is not far from the future.

Design notes

In this issue, our design team effectively employs a green and blue colour palette with gray mixed in to represent the element of sustainability and manufacturing. By varying the shades of the colour palette, the design of each article sets a different tone. The articles are further decorated with photographs and whimsical illustrations. As you read through this issue, we hope you appreciate the incredible and detailed efforts of our designers in their visual story-telling. One magazine issue after another, our design team continues to impress us with their creativity. As such, we would like to thank all the new and returning designers for their beautiful contributions.

- Kitty Liu-

EDITORS-IN-CHIEF

Philip Barbulescu

Karen Yeung

DESIGN DIRECTOR

Kitty Liu

SOCIAL MEDIA COORDINATOR

Salma Sheikh-Mohamed

SENIOR EDITORS

Philip Barbulescu

Baweleta Isho

Meghan Kates

Manjula Kamath

Diana Nakib

James Pollock

Salma Sheikh-Mohamed

Siu Ling Tai

Deeva Uthayakumar

Matt Wong

Stephanie Wong

Karen Yeung

DESIGN ASSISTANTS

Jennifer Ahn

Philip Barbulescu

Baweleta Isho

Meggie Kuypers

Diana Nakib

Louis Ngai

Deeva Uthayakumar

Karen Yeung

Tianning Yu

Evey Zheng

CONTENT CONTRIBUTORS

Philip Barbulescu

Baweleta Isho

Robbie Jin

Manjula Kamath

Meghan Kates

Steve Lee

Ammarah Naseer

Natalia Ogrodnik

James Pollock

Salma Sheikh-Mohamed

Siu Ling Tai

Alara Tuncer

Deeva Uthayakumar

Matthew Wong

Stephanie Wong

Jason Yang

Tianning Yu

Evey Zheng

FOUNDING EDITORS

Copyright © 2013 IMMpress Magazine. All rights reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. IMMpress Magazine is a student-run initiative. Any opinions expressed by the author(s) do not necessarily reflect the opinions, views or policies of the Department of Immunology or the University of Toronto.

Yuriy Baglaenko

Charles Tran

First

Second

The circular economy of human anatomical waste

Giving a second life to our excess bodily material

Waste management around the world

Local solutions to global sustainability crisis

The era of sustainable investing

ESG and corporate responsibility

Benchmarking 2022

Milestones on the road to sustainable manufacturing

Diverting the course for the end of the world as we know it

Investment banking: bridging academia and life sciences industry

Man’s trash is a microbe’s treasure: Bioremediation as a pollution solution

Industry 4.0 and the promises of sustainability - Will it be enough?

Developed by the Dow Chemical Company, Eco-compass is a compilation of data about the eco-efficiency of a product’s life cycle based on 6 “pillars” of sustainability.

Repackaging the future - Sustainable packaging in the pharmaceutical industry

1990s: “Eco-e ciency”

Eco-efficiency describes environmental management strategies that ensure competitively-priced high-quality products which are also progressively environmentally-friendly. Example: The Eco-compass tool models sustainable product innovations and compares them to base methods.

Biodegradable polymers in biomedical applications: A sustainability perspective

Adding “green” to the formula

EV-ening out the costs: A look into the challenges of electric vehicles

Is your “recycling” actually recycled?

Adoption of the “6Rs” to CP and eco-efficiency: reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, redesign, remanufacture

Biodegradable products can break down into non-toxic materials when exposed to naturally-occurring bacteria. Replacement of traditional plastics with biodegradable ones reduces landfill waste and green

Carbon pricing: Putting a price tag on climate change

Where is additive manufacturing today and why isn’t it mainstream?

Thinking about the future

The Earth post-humanity: A book review of Alan Weisman’s The World Without Us

We would love to hear your thoughts! Comment on our articles online or send us an e-mail at editor@immpressmagazine.com

Since the first industrial revolution in the mid-1700’s where breakthroughs in science and engineering led to the unprecedented rise in production output, the abrupt growth that societies experienced allowed for larger population capacities and an increased quality of life. For a large part of history, this endless need to progress has caused a reckless craving for finite resources. Now, a global audience witnesses the consequences of production—pollution and the impact it has on the environment—as we share a growing fear that the current trajectory of progress will be unsustainable for future generations.

In recent decades, a growing cognizance towards sustainable practices and waste production has been felt at all levels of today’s world. From changes in government policies to tax carbon emission, efforts in favor of cleaner energy production, greener alternatives advertised by companies in all industries, and people trying to reduce their own carbon footprints, there is a noticeable shift in attitude towards reactive and proactive mitigation of our environmental impact.

With this issue of IMMpress Magazine, we dive into the progress humanity has made in the past and present, as well as the plans proposed in favor of a sustainable future. We begin with an infographic detailing the development of sustainable manufacturing throughout the years (p10). We highlight topics that aim to reduce waste production such as the concept of a circular economy (p12), countries around the world that lead by example with their waste management policies (p16), and bioremediation (p20). We discuss policy and government involvement in advocating for a greener future through the promotion of sustainable investing (p15), clean energy (p18), and carbon pricing (p30). We look into the future of manufacturing through topics like sustainable packaging (p24), electric vehicles (p28), and 3D printing (p32). Additionally, we focus into the progress made by the scientific community with the goal of sustainable alternatives such as synthetic polymers (p25) and green chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry (p29). Thank you to our alumnus, Dr. Evelyn Pau for her interview and giving us a closer look into investment banking in the life science industry (p16). Lastly, this issue includes a 2022 Benchmarking infographic highlighting the growth IMMpress Magazine continues to see over the years (p8).

As always, we are incredibly grateful for our immpressive team of talented writers, editors, and designers who worked tirelessly to make yet another wonderful issue possible. Thank you to the Department of Immunology for their continued support and to our sponsors at BioLegend for their generosity.

As we approach the new year, we hope the incoming Fundamental PhD and Applied Masters students in the Department of Immunology are happy with the labs they have joined. We also want to wish all our readers a happy holiday season and a joyful start to the New Year!