INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE MONOLOGUE

INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE MONOLOGUE

ADVANCED INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE DESIGN III

MR. REDZWAN IMAAN SABEELA | 0332529

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE

C.01

1.0 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT 1.1 MEDIUM - PROCESS + DEVELOPMENT

C.02 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3

BACKGROUND RESEARCH PROGRAM + NARRATIVES REFERENCES; CASE STUDIES + PRECEDENTS SITE PROPOSAL; LOCATION, POPULATION + POTENTIAL

C.03 3.0 DEMOGRAPHY 3.1 PROJECT ANALYSIS 3.2 BRANDING + IMAGE 3.3 BENCHMARK 3.4 MARKET ANALYSIS/ COMPETETIVE ANALYSIS 3.5 COMPETITOR[S] BIBLOGRAPHY

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PRE FACE PREFACE

Oh insects.. Are they better off as tiny critters crawling silently around, among, or even in us without us knowing..Or could they have been more likeable in a size where they’re visible to us constantly? Nevertheless..I’ve never had a liking or interest towards any creature that has more than four legs, perhaps because of an unpleasant incident that I encountered when I was young, or the fact that everything about them seems so alien from us humans and mammals that I refuse to be acceptive of them. This ‘fear’ has now carried its way on until the person I am today and just from the sight of it, it still screams “Danger! Stay away!” to me. Although this is common amongst other people as well, now that I'm an adult, I personally feel that it’s quite ignorant and childish of me to only label them as critters and use it as an excuse to avoid educating myself about them. As illiterate and selfish as this may sound, it never occurred to me that these tiny crawlies that I classify as the enemies are actually the ones doing the most to maintain and save our ecosystem. As an example, the cross pollination of a wide species of flora is hugely dependent on insects. Infact, one might see them as tiny heroes of the earth as to how much they’ve worked to create the biological foundation for all terrestrial ecosystems.

They possess an amazing diversity in size, form, and behavior and this is natures’ way that’s often taken for granted by humans. It’s clear that this unnecessary fear has led me to become apathetic towards them.

hey look! she's talking about us!

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it better be something good.. non of us can read charlie!

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INTRO DUCT ION

INTRODUCTION

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I thought it was best to start the idea of the project based on my personal experience and work my way through with further in-depth research. I myself would like to overcome this fear along with increasing my knowledge and understanding of insects in an approximate manner that can benefit both parties in the long run. Insects should be appreciated more rather than be terrified for! They are our heroes in disguise and therefore we must try our best as a society to observe, study and appreciate these tiny little blessings from down under. Insek - T - site – Is a little tweak from the word ‘insecticide’, which in this case means substances used to kill insects. Insek - T - site on the other hand, is the total opposite. It’s derived from the combination of the words ‘insight’ and ‘insect’ (with a little play of spellings), which explains clearly what the motive of the project is all about. The definition of ‘insight’ – being ‘insightful’ of something; appreciation, awareness and understanding, and pairing it with the word 'insects', this project aims for the visitors to reach a new level of profound appreciation and grasp deeper knowledge on insects and their roles in our lives.

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When I think of insects, I think of how structurally precise it’s body is constructed and designed. Every curve and edge of their body, or even a single hair caters to its needs to fulfil their roles on this planet. Unfortunately, from our naked eye, we only see them as a simple organism – small, tiny, and sometimes delicate. One tap, clap, or smash on a surface, and then they’re gone to insect heaven. But if we were to be more attentive and take a good closer look at these intricate creatures, we might have to rethink our vicious actions towards them. I know I definitely did when I first saw the works of Levon Biss’s photographs of insects, focusing on their exoskeleton bodies from different points of views. Levon Biss, a professional photographer, started taking microscopic photographs of insects when his son brought home a ground beetle from their backyard and proceeded to look at it under a microscope. That was when he decided to combine his knowledge and photography skills and translated it into a 6mm long subject. The excellence that was captured in his works immediately made me think of the close correlations between what insects and mechanisms have altogether. But why so?

lets go boys.. we're doomed!

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There are three points I’ve gathered as to why and how I see insects and mechanisms relate with each other. First off, let’s look at the outlook of their physical appearance – exoskeleton bodies. It’s impossible to say that these creatures do not look like machines up close when they’re built with sharp-joint edged legs, triangular shaped faces with big compound eyes, long flexible antennas, hard shells or armour, and their veiny and glossy pair of wings. They’re built so thoroughly, all for the reason to protect themselves from predators. This now links to the movement of their bodies - how rhythmically swift their motions are, yet they never seem to topple between one another because of their stable body. With the help of their rigid body frame, they adopt a tripedal gait movement where they walk with their legs touching the ground in alternating triangles. This movement is in fact considered as the fastest movement gait for hexapod robots or machines. Talk about similarities! Lastly, insects have miniature brains. Their brains are like the exquisitely miniaturized bio-computers, consistently buzzing and working no matter what age of life it’s in. It’s encrypted in their DNA to strictly follow a well structured regime in maintaining the quality of our ecosystem. From their phases of growth, to how they build their nests, to surviving to find food and their teamwork as a colony, every insect is designed to perform its own designated task, similar to a machine that’s created to do specific tasks by their creator as well. They also acquire excellent navigation systems in their brains which are integrated into a coherent whole, especially amongst the social-class insects – ants, bees, wasps and termites. It’s remarkable that they can memorize multiple locations that are many kilometres apart, and some can even remember efficient routes to link multiple destinations. Understanding the neural underpinnings of such spatial memory feats is a fascinating endeavor, and to think this has been their characteristic long before since the dinosaur ages? Technology has left the chat room. Though insects are much alike like machines, they shouldn’t be treated as one. After all, they are living creatures, just like us.

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KEPOMKEPOMPONG PONG lets go boys.. we're doomed!

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MODEL something about this looks oddly familiar.. but i can't quite pin point what it is..

lets go boys.. we're doomed!

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EX PLA NAT ION

Terowong Kepompong – is a bridge from the human world, coming into the world of insects. The idea behind the kepompong is taken from the stages of an insect’s life, in which inside the cocoon is where the insect undergoes their transformation from a larva to becoming an adult. Relating it back with Terowong Kepompong, it becomes the morphing point for the start of the visitors’ journey into the museum to realize, acknowledge, and appreciate the existence of insects in our planet. Inside the kepompong however, will be the main highlight, which is a standing tall bridge waiting to be rolled-out at the other end of the tunnel. It was inspired by pill bugs with the same rolling in and out characteristics and is meant to resemble the bug expanding itself to welcome the visitors into the museum. The mechanism used for this bridge is the pulleysystem, where there are threads attached through each railing of the bridge, and threads attached underneath each platform of the bridge. Both threads are being pulled simultaneously, for example, the thread below is pulled for the bridge to expand, while the threads above control the speed of each platform when it’s expanding. When the bridge rolls back in, the thread above is being pulled to get back to its original curled-up form.

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ISS UES BACKGROUND RESEARCH

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TTHE HE ISSU ISSU ES? ES?

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WHAT ARE THE ISSUES?

An interesting fact about this issue is that it’s estimated that 25% of the general population actively have fear of spiders and insects. Stereotypically, most people assume that women are more likely to be frightened of insects over a man, but a new survey from America with 2000 respondents of data collected is challenging that belief otherwise. Researchers found that while 22% of female respondents said they’re “very scared” of bugs, 32% of male participants shared the same fearful sentiment.

On a serious note, who would’ve thought that these millions of insects dominating the city just beneath our feet, are at risk of extinction? Our insects are hurtling down the path to extinction, threatening a “catastrophic collapse of nature’s ecosystems”, according to the first global scientific review. Our planet is already at the start of a sixth mass extinction, with huge losses already reported in larger animals, and insects being the most varied and abundant animals, outweighing

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humanity by 17 times. They are essential for the proper functioning of all ecosystems, especially food for other creatures, pollinators and recyclers of nutrients. However, over 41% of insect species are declining and a third are endangered, suggesting that they could vanish within the next few decades or within a century. These species unfortunately include the bees, butterflies and dung beetles are the most affected. The rate of extinction is eight times faster than of mammals, birds and reptiles and the total mass of insects is falling by a precipitous 2.5% a year. Insect population collapses have recently been reported in Germany and Puerto Rico, but the review strongly indicates that this is a global crisis. lets go boys.. we're doomed!

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WHAT ARE THE ISSUES?

According to an analysis published in the journal of Biological Conservation, the demands of agriculture is the main driver of declines in the insect population, particularly with the heavy use of pesticides. With the continuous elimination of trees and shrubs that usually surround the fields, most of them are now plain, bare and treated with synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. This now leads to the other two significant factors – urbanisation and climate change. If we do not take action to stop the losses amongst insect species, it’ll lead to catastrophic consequences for both the planet’s ecosystem and the survival of mankind. To paint us a picture, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes that eat insects will receive the biggest impact in this case.

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To make a change, the world must adapt to a new way on how we produce food. Seeing that organic farms have had healthier soils with more insects and the occasional pesticide use in the past are not the cause of decline levels we are seeing in recent decades. We as a society are responsible to at least be aware of what’s happening to our ecosystem.

Hence, educating would be the best way to start creating awareness no matter what age anyone is in. After all, insects are at the heart of every food web, they pollinate the large majority of plant species, keep the soil healthy, recycle nutrients, control pests, and much more. Love them or loathe them, we humans cannot survive without insects.

lets go boys.. we're doomed!

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Majority of us have already visited, if not heard of – insect museums, galleries and exhibitions before, especially when we were children. One cannot deny the feeling of admiration when we took the first steps into these centers. But how many of them were actually helpful and effective towards the main issue here? Besides having all the various species of insects showcased behind glass? I'm not complaining, rather, just challenging what is existing with the many possibilities that can be done towards it. Therefore, I’ve dissected it down to the 4 steps approach in the narrative programming for Insek - T site, in hopes that the flow of the project will carry on smoothly, and the goal of bringing visitors into the insect kingdom to obtain deeper understanding through experiential activities that can create a healthy symbiotic relationship together.

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INSEK-T-ROPOLIS – is the capital city of Insek - T - site. It holds the main language and the entire architecture outlook for the whole space of this project, extracted from the understanding of the structure and configuration of a social insect’s nest which includes termites, ants, bees and wasps. The objective of this approach is to firstly introduce and welcome the visitors into the city of insects through the activities of exhibition and insect displays. The fundamental reason behind choosing these nests as the idea for Insectropolis is because the main characteristics that these insects inherit are strong symbiotic bonds between each other as a colony of an organized society, combining it with the main objective of Insek - T - site, to strengthen the connection, understanding and appreciation between insects and humans. Dissect it in further, Insectropolis will have the other 3 approaches in the programming of which are the Insectarium, Insectopia, and Insectoid inside the space itself.

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INSEK-T-ARIUM – Derived from a combination of the word ‘insect’ and ‘terrarium.' A terrarium is a sealed transparent globe where plants are grown in and humans usually observe and learn on how it adapts to its surroundings. Similar to the Insectarium, it’s a space where visitors will gain knowledge by observing and understanding the role of insects in our lives and ecosystem through the experiential activities covering from what they do, how it affects our environment, the benefits we get from them and what happens if insects were to go extinct. An additional relaxing activity specifically for the elderlies is a gardening program following the proper procedure so the insects and plants can live together peacefully. Though it may sound as if it’s a lesson we learn at school, the objective of this approach is to get the visitors to really obtain the fundamental core. The spaces required for the activities are demonstration education area, laboratory, and live zoo.

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INSEK-T-OPIA – is all about the way of life of an insect. It’s about understanding their behaviour within their colonies, towards predators, with the surrounding environment, their nature, their characteristics and their instinct. The objective of this approach is to also test out our human senses as compared to an insects’, which will be an eye opener for the visitors to realize how incredible insects are. Visitors will go through activities such as live zoos to observe their habitat, and games that require physical movement that relates to the specific ability or skill that an insect possesses. This is the sector where it naturally ushers strangers to communicate with each other and possibly create and expand more bonds not just with insects, but with other humans too. The required spaces for these activities observation labs, and game areas.

INSEK-T-OID – Insects are well featured and known in the movie and game industries.

Occasionally in these scenarios, we portray them as the villains, but most times we’re heavily inspired by their machine-like intelligence, exoskeleton bodies, given abilities, and the technicality of their movement. All of which have given us tremendous help to enhance the context of our movies and games. In a way, insects have been paying a contribution into initiating/unleashing (some) people’s creative energy. Hence, this is the final approach, which is what humans have attained and will learn from understanding insects. This is the space where insects are the teachers and the dominant creatures here. This will also be the space that allows some creativity in, especially for the dreamer kids, adults or even seniors. Perhaps, the way to solve our problems could just be under our noses all this time, which is why we should appreciate insects more rather than fearing them because it will only invite a loss to our side.

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PRECEDENT STUDIES

Insect Exhibition - Bug Lab Science Exhibition

“Precision flight, swarm intelligence, mind control … bugs did it all first, and they’re still doing it better than humans.”

The idea behind this exhibition was to explore the geniuses of insects, to show their amazing abilities in the best way. Though initially, the creators wanted to create a marvel superhero-themed exhibition that's related to insects but they've come to realize that insects have amazing abilities themselves.

"So how do we show their amazing abilities in the best way?"

4 insects were chosen for their specific abilities and their stunning insectoid plumage as the main chambers. The models in each chamber were big scaled with super intricate and realistic details. The creators made sure that when visitors step inside Bug Lab, they'll be at the mercy of a clan of alien-like beings who have taken it upon themselves to demonstrate their amazing abilities, in the most eye-catching of ways. The idea behind the chambers was inspired by P. T. Baarnew-esque’s carnival setting. But how?

“He would have incredible characters on the show, and would tease the audience by hiding them away in tents. Then, when you step inside, the character is then revealed, and you will discover their amazing abilities. It’s all about the build-up”

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PRECEDENT STUDIES

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PRECEDENT STUDIES

Microsculpture - The Insect Portraits of Levon Biss

Levon Biss’s story behind this project started from home, when his son brought him a ground beetle from their backyard to which he proceeded to look at it under a microscope. The amount of details that he saw was incredibly beautiful, so he decided that the world needs to experience this as well. He was already a well known photographer himself, and that's when he decided to combine his knowledge and photography skills and translate that into a 6mm long subject. It allowed him to appreciate the environment in an entirely new perspective.

“Realizing if you come and take a look a little bit closer, things aren't always like what they seem.”

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PRECEDENT STUDIES

Petro Sains: Science exhibition

Petro Sains is an interactive science exhibition that covers a number of aspects from our universe, the mesozoic era, the future of science and technology, and oil and gas. The start of the journey for this exhibition was the “Going Back in Time” ride, and brought us to the first part of the exhibition. Each of the exhibition structures are equipped with stations that help educate the visitors in a subtle way so that especially the kids, can have both entertainment and gain knowledge at the same time. Though it did feel slightly repetitive throughout the whole experience, because all the exhibition structure had the same flow, you can already expect what is coming.

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GALERI SHAH ALAM

Insek-T-site needed a location that goes well with the whole theme of the project, which is why I’ve chosen Galeri Shah Alam located in Taman Tasik Shah Alam, Seksyen 14. The park has 3 sections; Tasik Barat with the biggest lake, Tasik Tengah, and Tasik Timur with the smallest lake. It’s the go-to place if you feel like you need some fresh air, and very popular amongst Shah Alam residents, including myself. It has everything you need at a recreational park, with multiple outdoor activities that’s suitable for all ages. It features jogging tracks shaded by the beautiful big trees, bike track and playground for the kids, zipline across Tasik Barat, a waterpark located at Tasik Tengah, lookout towers, a designated calming space for tai chi activity, kayak and boat rides, picnic spots, cafe and restaurant, a water fountain show at night and the latest feature is the ‘Laman Jepun’ that was just finished building earlier this year (2021).

ACTIVITIES IN TASIK

SOCIAL ACTIVITIES AROUND SITE

ETHNIC GROUPS IN SHAH ALAM

OVERALL ZONING

Shah Alam’s demographic is mostly populated with Malays at 65.5%, second to Chinese at 15.3%, and third to Indians at 10.3%. Looking at a 1km radius around the site are one of Shah Alam’s landmarks, Masjid Sultan Salahudin Abdul Aziz Shah (Masjiid Negeri), Sultan Alam Shah Museum, Shah Alam Royale Theatre, Dataran Kemerdekaan, shopping malls, government and commercial offices, UiTM and Avisena hospital. With all these buildings around the site, nonetheless, it’s a pedestrian friendly area and an easy accessibility to the entrance of the park. Not to mention, there are multiple Shah Alam bus stations nearby and the service is absolutely free everywhere around Shah Alam.

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WEEKDAYS The daily visitors of this park during the weekdays are usually the fitness enthusiasts, (around the age of 25-35 years old) starting their day with jogging as early as 6.30am. Senior citizens will then conquer the park at around 7.30am, starting off their morning with tai chi and around 8am, it’s usually filled with middle aged married couples and university students getting in their jogging and exercises. However, the weekends are usually merrier, especially in the evening. People come here with their families and friends to spend quality time together. They picnic, take a relaxing walk, or have tea at a cafe in the park. There’s also a colourful water fountain show at night, where visitors usually extend their stay to see the dancing waters.

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AVERAGE OCCUPATIONS IN SHAH ALAM

MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS

Average Job Tittle

Salary Range

Average Salary

Account Executive

RM 4k - RM 48k

RM 36, 083

Project Engineer

RM 8k - RM 72k

RM 43, 900

Mechanical Engineer

RM 3k - RM 83k

RM 41, 796

Human Resources (HR) Manager

RM 9k - RM 132k

RM 95, 015

Operations Manager

RM 11k - RM 147k

RM 78, 987

Graphic Designer

RM 2k - RM 50k

RM 24, 578

Project Manager, (Unspecified Type / General)

RM 15k - RM 205k

RM 98, 037

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I see potential for my project to be placed in this site merely because Shah Alam in general, is known to be a peaceful and reserved neighborhood. Shah Alam boasts plentiful nature-oriented recreational activities and I also wanted it to be as close to an insects’ habitat as it possibly can. This way people can be more appreciative and insightful of the subject matter. On the plus side, Taman Tasik Shah Alam already has a familiar and specific audience; - university students, young family pax, adults, and senior citizens. Considering its well-known location, it is appropriate to my targeted audience for this proejct as well.

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STRENGTHS The location is suitable with the theme of the project Various outdoor activities suitable for all ages Whole area is pedestrian friendly Easy transportation access

WEAKNESSES Uneven pathways (in certain areas) not safe for senior citizens Hygiene of the lake water is not well maintained Drainage problem nearby the Galeri Shah Alam

OPPORTUNITY Rebuilding to be Shah Alam's hotspot for tourism visits Various open spaces for event collaborations

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THREATS

The effect of drainage problem will affect the lake Risking the watersport activities in the park Visitors would contemplate to come because of the pungent smell

SITE SWOT ANALYSIS

PROJECT SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS Benefits the visitors as they'll be more knowledgable about insects and learn to be more comfortable around it as they have learn /understand their roles and behaviour.

WEAKNESSES The fear empowers the opportunity to grow and learn something new - be it for adults or children The inability for a person to change their point of view on certain things (insects for example)

Break the unnecessary fear barrier towards insects Be more appreciative of insects as they are critical to the existence of the world as we know it.

OPPORTUNITY This project can expand further collab with bigger federations and have an insect labratory open for public (with the correct and strict assistance; ex: researchers) so visitors can have a closer look and an even better understanding and insight on these insects.

Hands-on experience (for adults/suitable age) of dissecting an insect to learn more about their anatomy (with proper assistance)

THREAT High maintenance is needed for the preservations of insect exhibition to be in good condition, and live insects area clean

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To have visitors' engaged through-out the whole experience without them getting bored with "too much knowledge"

PROJECT ANALYSIS ACTIVITIES The activities Insek-T-site has to offer for the public ranges from:- insect exhibitions/gallery, knowledgeable + live insect experiences together with proper assistance from our staffs, experiential and learning spaces, and a spider-web experience targeted for the younger generation, to heightened their experiences at Insek-T-site.

ENVIRONMENT Galeri Shah Alam is located in Taman Tasik Shah Alam, so the environment surrounding it is very lively and peaceful at the same time. Both the young and older generations love spending their free time here to take a break from their daily routine. The Galeri itself is a semi-open space building, providing good air circulation and sunlight into the building. Even though it is a traditional style building, the structural material used are all still in good condition.

INTERACTIONS The main interaction this project aims for is between humans and insects, regardless of age. In Insektarium, where visitors will experience the garden walk and the observation lab, visitors will have a chance to be hands-on with chosen insects and learn more about their special abilities. This helps us become more aware of them and remember better as we've actually experienced it real life, not by just reading from a tab.

USERS

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The users main targeted audience would be insect/nature lovers regardless of age who are keen to know more about insects. Second to that are the younger generations, as the main purpose of this project is to educate them at a young age so that they are more aware and appreciative rather than scared because of the issues with extinction insects are facing today.

COLOR;

Simple but strong looking font is used to represent this project.

The original color for the title was brown a cockroach's shade, because that was what started this whole idea for this project. (Fear of cockroaches) --------> But I played around with the shades as the brown looked too blend. Hence, I am happy with this reddish-brown shade.

DETAILS;

FONT;

BRANDING + IMAGE

A hint of glow and shadow cast to enhance the project title, with a slight swirl across the name as well to avoid it from having a "too stiff" overall outlook. + insect silhouettes crawling across and under the tittle, simply to represent what this project is about.

MEANING BEHIND THE NAME The title is a tweak from the word 'Insecticide' which in this case means a substance used for killing insects. Insek - T - site on the other hand is the total opposite. It's derived form the combination of words 'insight' and 'insect' and a little play with the spellings. The definition of insight - being insightful of something; appreciative, awareness and understanding/ Pairing it with the word 'insects', this project aims to provide a bridge between the world of insects and humans and bring a higher level of understanding and deeper appreciation of what insects are and theor roles on this planet!

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BENCHMARK According to Free Malaysia Today News, museums in Malaysia suffered a drastic drop in revenue as visitors declined by over 70% in 2020 and 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, tourism, arts and culture, including parks like KL Bird Park and KL Butterfly Park. However, in this post-MCO time - the Endemic, tourism sectors are slowly recovering its slow death. People are becoming more eager to go out, and do more local tourist activities to reconnect with nature after a long year of being stuck at home. This means that the competition is higher amongst all the local tourism sectors. Hence, this benchmark technique is to measure new project development against other existing project and identify the opportunity and approaches to improve.

EXISTING PROJECT KL BUTTERFLY PARK

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KL NATIONAL SCIENCE CENTRE

Hands-on educational museum entertainment for young children Hands-on experience with nature - butterflies & flowers Very price-friendly especially for family pax Showroom - fossil dinosaur models are exhibited, technology exhibitions and freshwater aquarium Educational insect exhibition displays

NEW PROJECT PROPOSAL INSEK-T-SITE Hands-on experience with chosen insects with proper assistance and learning sessions

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Prices are average, but may be slightly pricier because of maintenance and activities provided (but still at an affordable range) Showroom & learning spaces

Indoor garden and live soo with insects

"Spider-web experience" to engage with - especially younger audience and to maintain the "fun" element during the whole experience in Insek-T-site

MARKET/COMPETETIVE ANALYSIS POSITION MAPPING

New Exhibitions/Museums

Low Price

High Price

Existing Exhibition/Museums

MARKET POSITIONINGS POSITIONING PROPOSAL TO OTHER MUSEUMS IN KUALA LUMPUR

Knowledge

Image /Look

Entertainment

Experience

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BUTTERFLY PARK

COMPETITORS Just in the city of Kuala Lumpur, there are a variety of museums and/or park exhibitions that are famous for its tourist attraction, it's location and the type of activities they provide.

Tourists and many of our locals love to visit these places, some to escape from their tireless daily routine, to spend quality time with their friends and family, and some for the sole purpose of curiosity, and to gain more knowlegde. These categories I listed are not necessarily under the same group (insect museum), but I also look at the popularity of these places amongst the younger generation, even though it has been built many years back. Especially considering this pandemic season and the limitation it has caused to travel far, places like these are being "rediscovered" by them.

BUTTERFLY PARK, KUALA LUMPUR

KL Butterfly Park is one of the largest butterfly parks in the world, consist of more than 6,000 live butterflies from 120 species, located in Tun Abdul Razak Heritage Park. This park covers over 7,000 square metres and is landscaped like a bushy garden with lots of flowers, vines and exotic plants. Besides the butterflies, the park is home to a wide range of preserved insects like rhinoceros beetles and praying mantises, all on display at the onsite museum. If the emotional graph is considered, there will be emotions of curiosity, engaging, sublime and (maybe) fear to some people. Attractions with open spaces that reconnects human with nature is never not a good idea.

NATIONAL SCIENCE CENTRE, KL

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Established in 1996, the National Science Centre is a crowd puller with its lively, educational and just-plain-fun, hands on science and technology exhibits. Shaped like a futuristic, green mosque topped off with a large dome, it is divided into several sections, with exhibits covering the gamut of scientific knowledge. Malaysia's first overhead freshwater aquarium, filled with 32 species of local freshwater fish, greets the visitors to the main exhibits. An interesting feature of this centre is the hall where visitors can watch a science show beamed straight into the interior of the main dome. The slight down-side of this centre is that most of the exhibitions have not been upgraded since it was first built.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anderer, J., About the AuthorJohn AndererView John's article archive, Anderer, A. the A. J., & archive, V. J. article. (2020, August 10). Survey reveals men more likely than women to be 'very scared' of bugs. Study Finds. Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.studyfinds.org/survey-reveals-men-more-likely-than-women-to-be-very-scared-ofbugs/#:~:text=Stereotypically%2C%20most%20assume%20that%20women,shared%20the%20 same%20fearful%20sentiment.

Average salary in Shah Alam, Malaysia. PayScale. (n.d.). Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.payscale.com/research/MY/Location=Shah-Alam/Salary.

Fritscher, L. (2020, September 16). How do people cope with a fear of insects? Verywell Mind.

Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-fear-ofinsects-2671770.

Guardian News and Media. (2019, February 10). Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'. The Guardian. Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/feb/10/plummeting-insect-numbersthreaten-collapse-of-nature.

Lin, R., & Maganathan, D. K. (2021, September 30). Malaysian museums and festivals prepare for the return of major art events. The Star. Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/culture/2021/09/30/malaysian-museums-andfestivals-prepare-for-the-return-of-major-art-events.

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Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/why-insect-populations-areplummeting-and-why-it-matters.

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Museums see 70% drop in revenue due to pandemic. (n.d.). Retrieved December 12, 2021, from https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/12/07/museums-sees-70drop-in-revenue-due-to-pandemic/.

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