TOOLS AND MACHINES

UNIT 2: TOOLS AND MACHINES

NATURAL SCIENCE SECOND LEVEL PRIMARY

Mª Isabel López

CEIP SANTA ANA MADRIDEJOS (TOLEDO)

WHAT ARE THESE PEOPLE DOING? WHICH TOOLS AND MACHINES ARE THEY USING?

1

HOW DO

MACHINES

SIMPLE MACHINES

COMPLEX MACHINES

DIFFERENT MACHINES WORK?

HUMAN ENERGY

COMPUTERS

JOBS AND TOOLS

IN THE PAST AND PRESENT

SCIENTISTS AND INVENTORS

DESKTOP COMPUTER

JOBS NEED DIFFERENT TOOLS

HORSES AND TRACTORS

THOMAS EDISON

RIVERS AND WASHING MACHINES

JOHN LOGIE BAIRD

ELECTRICITY

LAPTOP

PETROL

MOBILE PHONES

GRAHAM BELL

TABLET

THE WRIGHT BROTHERS

2

MACHINES Machines are instruments which make our work easier. There are simple machines and complex machines.

REFRIGERATOR

WHEELBARROW

CRANE

PULLEY

SCREW

DRILL

3

PLANE TRAFFIC LIGHT

MOBILE PHONE

WASHING MACHINE

CAR

4

SIMPLE MACHINES: It´s a basic tool that is used to do work.

SCREW

WHEEL

LEVER 5

WEDGE

INCLINED PLANE

PULLEY 6

COMPLEX MACHINES: Two or more simple machines working together.

CRANE

WHEELBARROW

LEVER

LEVER

PULLEY

WHEEL WHEEL 7

ESCALATOR

PULLEYS (inside)

BICYCLE

INCLINED PLANE WHEEL

PULLEY

INCLINED PLANE

8

HOW DO DIFFERENT MACHINES WORK?

Some machines work with human energy, some with eletricity and some with petrol.

HUMAN ENERGY

The rake, the hammer and the bicycle work with human energy.

9

ELECTRICITY

The vacuum cleaner, the laptop and the lamp work with electricity.

PETROL

The lorry, the car and the plane work with petrol.

10

COMPUTERS Computers are machines. We use computers to do work, to listen to music and to play games. When a computer is connected to the Internet, we can look for information and communicate with people by email.

MONITOR SPEAKERS PRINTER

KEYBOARD

MOUSE

CPU 11

There are desktop computers and laptop computers.

Mobile phones and tablets are computers too. You don´t need a mouse to use them. You slide the screen with your fingers.

12

JOBS AND TOOLS People need different tools and machines to do their jobs.

The butcher needs knifes to cut meat.

The hairdresser needs scissors to cut your hair

13

The firefighter needs a hose to put out fires.

The teacher needs a blackboard to write.

The doctor needs stethoscope.

14

The carpenter needs a hammer to pin nails.

The fisherman needs a net to catch fish.

The bus driver needs a bus to transport people

15

IN THE PAST AND PRESENT In the past, horses pulled ploughs.

Today, tractors pull ploughs.

PRESENT

PAST In the past, people washed their clothes in rivers.

Today, people wash their clothes in washing machines.

16

SCIENTISTS AND INVENTORS Some machines were invented a long time ago.

Scientists and inventors invent new machines, using new technology.

Graham Bell invented the telephone

John Logie Baird invented the television 17

Thomas Edison developed a wide range of products. For example, the light bulb and the phonograph.

The Wright Brothers designed, built and flew the first powered aircraft, showing that man could fly.

18

TOOLS AND MACHINES