UmSamariya Olungileyo ULuka 10:25-37 25 Bheka, kwasukuma isazimthetho esithile, samlinga, sathi: “Mfundisi, ngenzeni ukuze ngidle ifa lokuphila okuphakade na?” 26 Wathi kuye: “ Kulotshweni emthethweni? Ufunda kanjani?” 27 Waphendula wathi: “Woyithanda iNkosi uNkulunkulu wakho ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakho, nangawo wonke umphefumulo wakho, nangawo onke amandla akho, nangayo yonke ingqondo yakho, nomakhelwane wakho njengalokhu uzithanda wena.” 28 Wathi kuye: “ Uphendule kahle; yenza lokhu, uzakuphila.” 29 Kodwa yena, ethanda ukuzithethelela, wathi kuJesu: Futhi ngubani umakhelwane wami? 30 UJesu waphendula wathi: “ Umuntu othile wehla evela eJerusalema eya eJeriko, wawa phakathi kwezigebengu, ezamhlubula izingubo, zamshaya, zamuka, zamshiya kusele umndondo. 31 Kwaba ngengozi kwehla umpristi othile ngaleyo ndlela; kwathi embona, wadlula ngakolunye uhlangothi. 32 Kanjalo nomLevi, esefikile kuleyo ndawo, wafika wambona, wadlula ngakolunye uhlangothi. 33 Kodwa umSamariya othile owayesendleleni wafika lapho ayekhona; wathi embona, wamzwela usizi, 34 Waya kuye, wabopha amanxeba akhe, ethela amafutha newayini, wamkhwelisa esilwaneni sakhe, wamyisa endlini yezihambi, wamnakekela. 35 Ngakusasa esehamba, wakhipha odenariyu ababili, wabanika umninindlu, wathi kuye: “Mnakekele; futhi noma yini oyisebenzisayo ngaphezulu, ngizokubuyisela yona uma ngibuya.” 36 Ngubani kulaba abathathu, ocabanga ukuthi wayengumakhelwane walowo owawela phakathi kwamasela? 37 Wathi: “Lowo owamenzela isihawu.” UJesu wathi kuye: “ Hamba, nawe wenze njalo.” Indaba yomSamariya Olungileyo (Luka 10:25–37) ingenye yemifanekiso kaJesu edumile kakhulu. Inikeza incazelo ejulile ngothando lwangempela, isihe, nokuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuba umakhelwane. Nansi incazelo yevesi nevesi efingqa indaba, kulandelwe izifundo ezibalulekile kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo.
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UmSamariya Olungileyo
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwevesi Ngevesi ULuka 10:25–28 — Isivivinyo Sommeli Nemiyalo Emikhulu Ivesi 25: Ummeli (isazi soMthetho KaMose) uyasukuma ukuze avivinye uJesu, embuza ukuthi yini okumelwe ayenze ukuze azuze ifa lokuphila okuphakade. Ivesi 26: UJesu uphendula ngokuphendula umbuzo emibhalweni, ebuza ummeli ukuthi uwufunda kanjani uMthetho. Ivesi 27: Ummeli uphendula ngokunembile, efingqa uMthetho ngezimiso ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuthanda uNkulunkulu ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakho, umphefumulo, amandla, nengqondo, kanye nokuthanda umakhelwane wakho njengoba uzithanda wena (ebhekisela kuDuteronomi 6:5 nakuLevitikusi 19:18). Ivesi 28: UJesu uyayincoma impendulo yakhe, emtshela ukuthi ukwenza lokhu kuzoletha ukuphila. ULuka 10:29–32 — Isikhuthazo kanye Nababukeli Abangalindelekile Ivesi 29: Efuna ukuzithethelela noma ukunciphisa ububanzi bomsebenzi wakhe, ummeli uyabuza, "Futhi ngubani umakhelwane wami?" Ivesi 30: UJesu uqala umzekeliso. Indoda ehamba emgwaqweni oyingozi noweqayo esuka eJerusalema iya eJeriko iba yisisulu sezigebengu. Zimhlubula izingubo zakhe, zimshaya kabuhlungu, futhi zimshiya engumndondo. Ivesi 31: Umpristi wehla ngomgwaqo ofanayo. Ebona indoda elimele, wawela ngaphesheya futhi uyaqhubeka ehamba. Ivesi 32: UmLevi (umsizi wethempeli) ufika ngokulandelayo. Ubheka indoda elimele, kodwa njengompristi, uwela ngaphesheya bese edlula. Luka 10:33–35 — UmSamariya Onesihawu Ivesi 33: UmSamariya—ilungu leqembu elalidelelwa kakhulu futhi ligwenywa amaJuda amaningi angaleso sikhathi—uyeza ngomgwaqo. Ebona indoda elimele, uzwela uzwela olukhulu. Ivesi 34: UmSamariya uya ngqo endodeni, wabopha amanxeba ayo, awaphathe ngamafutha newayini (izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zaleso sikhathi), ayikhwelise esilwaneni sayo, ayiyise endlini yezihambi, ayinakekele ubusuku bonke. Ivesi 35: Ngosuku olulandelayo, umSamariya unika umninindlu yezihambi odenariyu ababili ukuze akhokhele ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, ethembisa ukubuya futhi akhokhe noma yiziphi izindleko ezengeziwe ezibe khona. ULuka 10:36–37 — Isiphetho Esisebenzayo Ivesi 36: UJesu uphendula umbuzo wokuqala, ebuza ummeli ukuthi ubani kulaba bantu abathathu abahambe njengomakhelwane wesisulu. Ivesi 37: Engakwazi ukuzisho ukuthi “umSamariya,” ummeli uyaphendula, “Lowo owamenzela isihawu.” UJesu uyamyala: “ Hamba, nawe wenze kanjalo. ”
Izifundo Eziyinhloko kanye Nezicelo Zokuphila Ukuchaza Kabusha "Umakhelwane": Ukuba umakhelwane akuchazwa ngokwendawo, ubuzwe, noma imingcele yezenhlalo, kodwa ngokuzimisela ukubonisa uthando nesihe kunoma ubani oswele. Ububele Ngaphezu Kwesiko: Ulwazi lwenkolo noma isikhundla emphakathini akusho lutho ngaphandle kothando olusebenzayo. Bobabili umpristi nomLevi bagcina ubumsulwa noma ukulula ngokwenkolo ngaphandle kozwela lwabantu.
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UmSamariya Olungileyo
Uthando Olusekelwe Esenzweni: Uthando lweqiniso ludinga isenzo esingokoqobo nesibizayo. UmSamariya wadela isikhathi sakhe, izinsiza, ukuphepha, kanye nenduduzo yakhe ukuze abuyisele umuntu angamazi. Ukunqoba Ubandlululo: Usizo nobuhle kuvame ukuvela emithonjeni engalindelekile. Lo mfanekiso usiphonsela inselelo yokubheka ngale kobandlululo lomphakathi bese sibona ubuntu kubo bonke abantu.
Isizinda Somlando Phakathi KwamaJuda NamaSamariya Ubutha phakathi kwamaJuda namaSamariya ekhulwini lokuqala babungewona nje umbango omncane wezenhlalo; babuwukuhlukana okujulile, okwase kungamakhulu eminyaka okusekelwe ebuzweni, kwezombusazwe nasezinkolelweni eziyinhloko zenkolo. Ukuze siqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi kungani izilaleli zikaJesu kuLuka 10 zashaqeka ukuzwa umSamariya eqanjwa njengeqhawe lendaba, kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi le ngxabano yaqala kanjani.
1. Ukuhlukana Komlando: Imvelaphi Ehlukene Ukunqotshwa Kwabase-Asiriya (722 BCE): Lapho uMbuso Wase-Asiriya unqoba uMbuso Wasenyakatho wakwa-Israyeli (iSamariya), baxosha ama-Israyeli amaningi futhi bahlalisa izizwe zakwamanye amazwe endaweni. Uhlu Lozalo Oluxubile: Inzalo yalabo abasala beshade nabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Nakuba amaSamariya ayegomela ngokuthi ayinzalo yangempela, engaphazanyiswa yezizwe zasenyakatho (u-Efrayimi noManase), amaJuda ayebabheka “njengabantu abaxubile” abonakele noma ingxenye yegazi eyayibeke engcupheni ubumsulwa bohlanga kanye nokukhulekela okuthembekile.
2. Ukwakha Kabusha Ithempeli Nengxabano Yezepolitiki Ukuphikiswa kuka-Ezra noNehemiya (Ikhulu lesi-5 BCE): Lapho abadingiswa baseJudiya bebuya eBhabhiloni bezokwakha kabusha iJerusalema neThempeli Lesibili, amaSamariya azinikela ukujoyina lo msebenzi. Abaholi bamaJuda benqaba usizo lwabo, bebabheka njengabayekethisile enkolweni. Ukuziphindiselela: Ngenxa yalokho, abaholi baseSamariya bakhuthaza uhulumeni wasePheresiya ukuba ubambezele futhi uphazamise ukwakhiwa kabusha kweJerusalema. Lokhu kwadala ulaka lwezepolitiki oluhlala njalo.
3. Ukwahlukana Kwenkolo: INtaba iGerizimu vs. INtaba iZiyoni Izindawo Zokukhulekela Ezincintisanayo: Enqatshwa yiJerusalema, amaSamariya akha ithempeli lawo eNtabeni iGerizimu eduze kwaseShekemi, ethi liyindawo engcwele yangempela eyayiqokwe uMose. ImiBhalo Ehluke Kancane: AmaSamariya amukela kuphela iPentateuch yamaSamariya (izincwadi ezinhlanu zokuqala zikaMose) njengemibhalo engcwele, enqaba abaProfethi, imiBhalo, kanye namasiko aseJerusalema.
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UmSamariya Olungileyo
Ukubhujiswa Kwethempeli LaseSamariya (110 BCE): Ukungezwani kwafinyelela ezingeni elibi kakhulu ngesikhathi samaHasmonean lapho umPristi Omkhulu ongumJuda uJohn Hyrcanus ehlasela iSamariya futhi ebhubhisa ithempeli lamaSamariya eNtabeni iGerizimu. Lokhu kubhujiswa kwaqinisa izizukulwane zenzondo ejulile.
4. Iqiniso Lekhulu Lokuqala Ngesikhathi Senkonzo KaJesu Ngesikhathi seTestamente Elisha, ukwahlukana kwathonya impilo yansuku zonke:
Ukugwema Nokuqhelelana: Abahambi abangamaJuda ababehamba phakathi kweGalile neJudiya babevame ukuchezuka esigodini soMfula iJordani ukuze bagweme ukunyathela indawo yamaSamariya. Ukuhlambalaza Amasiko: Ukubiza umJuda ngokuthi “umSamariya” kwakuyihlazo elikhulu, okulingana nokumbiza ngokuthi uyisihlubuki noma isihlubuki (njengoba kubonakala kuJohane 8:48). Izehlakalo Zokuhlanjalazwa: Ngokusho kwemibiko yomlando kaFlavius Josephus, cishe ngesikhathi sobusha bukaJesu, iqembu lamaSamariya lahlakaza ngasese amathambo abantu ngaphakathi kweThempeli laseJerusalema ngesikhathi sePhasika ukuze lilingcolise.
Kungani Lo Mqondo Ukhulisa Lo Mzekeliso
Lapho ummeli ebuza ukuthi “Ubani umakhelwane wami?” kuLuka 10:29, wayelindele umngcele— isiqinisekiso sokuthi “umakhelwane” usebenza kuphela kubantu abangamaJuda abagcina umthetho. Lapho uJesu ethula umSamariya endabeni: Isici Sokushaqeka Kweqhawe: Abalaleli babelindele uchungechunge lwezindaba olunezintathu lwabaPristi, abaLevi, kanye nabantu abavamile bakwa-Israyeli. Ukubeka umSamariya odelelekile endaweni yesithathu kwachitha ngokuphelele amathemba abo amasiko. Ukuguqula i-Dynamic: UmJuda olimele kwadingeka athembele esitheni sakhe esifungelwe ukuze aphile. Ukuchaza Kabusha Uthando Lomakhelwane: UJesu wabonisa ukuthi isihe asizinaki izingxabano zomlando, ubandlululo, kanye nemingcele yezenhlalo. Ubumakhelwane beqiniso buboniswa ngesenzo sobubele kunoma ubani oswele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungowasiphi isizinda.
Uhlobo Olukhulu Lwesihe SikaNkulunkulu vs. Ukuzithethelela Ngokwemithetho Nakuba umzekeliso womSamariya Olungileyo uvame ukufundwa njengesiqondiso sokuziphatha ngomusa, ukujula kwawo okuyinhloko kwemfundiso yenkolo kujule kakhulu. Esinye sezindikimba zemfundiso yenkolo ezivelele kakhulu kulesi sigaba yi- The Radical Nature of Divine Mercy vs. Self-Judifying Legalism . Nasi ukuhlolwa kwalesi sihloko kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezintathu:
1. Ukuzithethelela vs. Ukuguqulwa Kwenhliziyo Ingxoxo iqala ngempikiswano yezomthetho neyemfundiso yenkolo:
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UmSamariya Olungileyo
Inhloso Yommeli: Ivesi 29 liphawula ngokusobala ukuthi ummeli wabuza ukuthi “Ubani umakhelwane wami?” ngoba “wayefisa ukuzithethelela.” Wayefuna incazelo enembile yezomthetho eyayizomvumela ukuba adwebe umngcele ezibophweni zakhe—umugqa owawuphawula lapho umsebenzi wakhe uphela khona nokuthi angayeka khona ukuthandana. Ingxabano Yenkolo: Ummeli wayebheka ukulunga njengohlu lokuhlola lwemingcele esemthethweni. UJesu uphinda achaze ukulunga njengesimo senhliziyo esiziveza othandweni olungenamibandela. Umehluko: UbuNkulunkulu beqiniso abunakulinganiswa ngokuthi sichaza imisebenzi yethu ngokuncane kangakanani, kodwa ngokuthi sandisa kangakanani isihe sikaNkulunkulu.
2. Ukukhohlisa Kobumsulwa Besiko Ngaphandle Kozwelo
Ukubandakanyeka kompristi nomLevi kugcizelela isixwayiso esibalulekile semfundiso yenkolo mayelana nokubaluleka kwenkolo: Imithetho Yobumsulwa vs. Izindaba Ezinzima Kakhulu: Ngaphansi komthetho weTestamente Elidala, ukuthinta isidumbu kwakwenza umpristi abe ngongcolile ngokomthetho (Levitikusi 21:1). Isisulu emgwaqweni sasiba “phakathi kokufa” (Luka 10:30). Uma umpristi noma umLevi bema bamthola efile, babezofaka engozini yokungcoliswa ngokomthetho, baphazamise imisebenzi yabo yenkolo kanye nokuma emphakathini. Okubaluleke Kakhulu: Babeka phambili isithunzi sesiko ngaphezu kwengqikithi yokuziphatha . UJesu ufundisa njalo kuwo wonke amaVangeli ukuthi uthando, isihe, nokuphila komuntu kuthatha indawo yenqubo yemikhosi (isib. ukuphulukisa ngeSabatha). Ukuqonda Kwezenkolo: Inkolo evikela umuntu ekuhluphekeni kwabantu, kunokuba imphoqe ukuba abhekane nakho, yehluleka ukubonakalisa ubuntu bukaNkulunkulu.
3. Isihe Njengesilinganiso Seqiniso Sokholo UJesu ushintsha yonke ingqikithi yombuzo wokuqala wommeli: Ummeli wabuza: "Ubani umakhelwane wami?" (Okugxilwe kukho: Ubani ukuthola uthando lwami?)
UJesu waphendula: ofanelekela
"Ngubani kulaba owayengumakhelwane wakhe?" (Ukugxila: Ngingumuntu onjani?)
abathathu
Umusa Osebenzayo: Isihe somSamariya sasibiza kakhulu, siyingozi, futhi singenamibandela. Wabeka ukuphepha kwakhe engozini emgwaqweni oyingozi, wasebenzisa amafutha akhe newayini, wadela inqola yakhe, wachitha imali yakhe, wathembisa ukubuya ukuzokhokha okwengeziwe. Ukubonakalisa Imvelo KaNkulunkulu: Emfundisweni yeBhayibheli, isihe ( esibizwa ngokuthi hesed ngesiHebheru, eleos ngesiGreki) akuwona nje umuzwa wokuzwelana; siwububele obusebenzayo obuhambisana nesivumelwano. UmSamariya waba umfanekiso womusa kaNkulunkulu ngokubonisa umusa ongawufanele kumuntu okungenzeka ukuthi wayembheka njengesitha.
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UmSamariya Olungileyo
Incazelo Yomlando Engokomfanekiso (Umbono KaKristu) Kuwo wonke umlando wesonto, izazi zemfundiso yenkolo zakuqala (njengo-Augustine, u-Origen, no-Chrysostom) nazo zabona isihloko esijulile sobuKristu esifakwe emfanekisweni: Umhambi Owile: Isintu, esihlutshulwe ukulunga futhi silimele yisono, sishiywe sifile endleleni eya ezweni eliwile. UmPristi nomLevi: UMthetho kanye noHlelo Lomhlatshelo, olwalungabona ukuwohloka komuntu kodwa lungenawo amandla okuphulukisa noma okukusindisa. UmSamariya Olungileyo: UJesu Kristu uqobo —odelelwa, owenqatshwa, futhi obhekwa njengomuntu wangaphandle yinhlangano yenkolo, kodwa oza ngqo lapho isintu sifa khona. Amafutha, Iwayini, kanye neNdawo Yokungcebeleka: Umusa kaNkulunkulu, uMoya oNgcwele, kanye neBandla njengendawo yokuphulukisa kuze kube yilapho ebuya. Nakuba umongo oyinhloko womlando uyisifundo sokuziphatha nesesivumelwano, lo mbono wendabuko wobuKrestu uqokomisa ukuthi singabonisa isihe esikhulu kwabanye kuphela ngoba uKristu waqala wasibonisa isihe esikhulu lapho siswele ngokomoya.
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