Yiddish - The Gospel of Matthew

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ืื”ืจื‘ืืŸื•ืคืŸื•ื–ืจืขื“,ื“ื•ื“ืŸื•ืคืŸื•ื–ืจืขื“,ื—ื™ืฉืžืขืงืฉืื™ืŸื•ืคืจื•ื“ืืขื“ืŸื•ืคืšื•ื‘ืกืื“1 ;ืจืขื“ื™ืจื‘ืขื ึทื–ืŸื•ืืŸื”ื“ื•ื”ื™ืŸืจืื‘ืขื’ื˜ืื”ื‘ืงืขื™ืŸื•ื;ืŸื‘ืงืขื™ืŸืจืื‘ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืงื—ืฆื™ืŸื•ื;ืŸืงื—ืฆื™ืŸืจืื‘ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืื”ืจื‘ื2

.ื“ื ื™ื–ืจืขื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคืŸืฉื˜ื ืขืžืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื˜ืืจื˜ืขื•ื•ืจืขืจืืค:ืขืงืฉืื™ืŸืขืžืื ืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸืคื•ืจื˜ืกืœืื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸื•ื–ืืŸืจืขื‘ืขื’ื˜ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸื•ื21 :ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืื™ื‘ื ืืขื“ืšืจื•ื“'ื”ืŸื•ืคืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ื“ืขืจืขื’ื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•ืŸืจืขื•ื•ืื™ื•ืงืžืœืื–ืกืขื™ื“ื›,ืŸืขืฉืขื’ื–ื™ืืฅืœืืกืื“ืŸื•ื22 .ื–ื“ื ื•ืื˜ื™ืžื˜ืื’,ืฉืจืคืžื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•,ืœืื•ื ืžืขืŸืขืžืื ืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸืคื•ืจืŸืœืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸื•ื–ืืŸืจืขื‘ืขื’ื˜ืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ื“ื ื™ืงื˜ื™ืžืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ืขื•ื•ื”ืœื•ึทื‘ื,ื”ึตื”23 .ื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸืขืžื•ื ืขื’ืšื™ื–ื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸืœื™ื•ืคืื‘ืื™ืื˜ืื”'ื”ืšืืœืžืจืขื“ื™ื•ื•ืŸืื˜ืขื’ื˜ืื”,ืฃืืœืฉืŸื•ืคืŸืขื ืื˜ืฉืขื’ืคื™ื•ืื–ื™ืืฃืกื•ื™ืŸื•ื24

:ืจืžืื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืื™ื‘ื ืืขื“ืŸื•ืค'ื”ืŸื•ืคืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ืจืžืื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•,ืŸืจืขื•ื•ืื™ื•ืงืžืœืื–ืกืขื™ื“ื›,ืกื•ื“ืจื•ื”ึทื•ืžืืขื“ื–ื™ื‘ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ืŸื˜ืจืื“ื–ื™ืืŸื•ื15

ื˜ืขื’ืจื”ืขื’ืŸื•ืื˜ืงื™ืฉืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸืจืืฆืžื™ืจื’ืจืขื™ื™ื–ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ื–ื™ื,ืื™ืžื›ื—ื™ื“ื˜ื™ืžื˜ืžืขืฉืขื’ื˜ืจืขื•ื•ืจืขื–ืื”ืืจื˜ืื”ืจืขืŸืขื•ื•,ืกื•ื“ืจื•ื”ืŸื•ื16

ืŸืขื™ืฆืจืขื“ื•ืฆึทืœื•ื›ื™ื‘ื–ื™ืื˜ืื’ื–ื,ืจื™ืื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ืšื™ืืจืืค,ืจืขื˜ืืคืจืขื–ื“ื ื•ืื•ืฆืื”ืจื‘ืืŸื‘ืื”ืจื™ืž,ืšื™ื–ืŸื™ืืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื˜ื™ื ืŸื˜ื›ืืจื˜ืŸื•ื9 .ืจืขื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื™ื“ืŸื•ืคืื”ืจื‘ืื•ืฆืจืขื“ื ื™ืง

ื–ื™ืื˜ื›ื•ืจืคื˜ื•ื’ืกื™ื•ืจืื˜ื™ื ื˜ื’ื ืขืจื‘ืกืื•ื•ืื™ื•ื‘ืจืขื“ืขื™ืจืขื‘ื™ืจืขื“:ืจืขืžื™ื™ื‘ื™ื“ืŸื•ืคืœืฆืจืื•ื•ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื˜ื’ื™ื™ืœืขื’ื–ื™ืืงืื”ื™ื“ืšื™ื•ืื˜ืฆื™ืืŸื•ื10

ื˜ืื’ืŸื™ื™ื“ื”ื•ื”ื™ืŸื•ื•ื•ืจึทื˜ื™ื ื˜ืกืœืื–ื•ื“:ืŸื‘ื™ืจืฉืขื’ืจืขื“ื™ื•ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืกืข:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸื•ื7 ;ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคื˜ื›ืืจึทื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืœืขื•ื•ืจืขื“ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ืขืœืืื™ืืŸื–ื™ื™ื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ื’ืจืื‘ืšื™ื•ื”ื’ื ื™ื“ื™ืกืงื™ืื•ืฆืฃื™ื•ืจืืื™ืื˜ืžืขื ืŸื˜ืฉืจืขื“,ืจืขื“ื™ื•ื•8

.ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื›ืื ืื™ืืŸืขื ืขื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸืฆืขื ืขืจืขื™ื™ื–ื˜ื–ืืœืจืืคืฃื›ื™ึทืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื20 ืฃื™ืฉืืŸื™ื,ืŸื ื—ื•ื™ืจืขื“ื•ืจื‘ืŸึทื–ืŸื•ื,ื™ื“ื‘ื–ืŸื•ืคืŸื•ื–ืจืขื“ื‘ืงืขื™,ืจืขื“ื™ืจื‘ืขืจืขื“ื ืื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืŸืขื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸื˜ืจืื“ืŸื•ืคืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขืŸื•ื21

ื˜ื™ืžืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ึทืื›ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืกืื•ื•ืขืงื ืืจืงืขืœืื˜ื›ืืจื‘ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ืืจืืŸืฆื ืื’ืŸื™ืืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื–ื™ืืื•ืจืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื24 ืจืขืŸื•ื;ืŸื˜ื™ืœืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ืกืื•ื•ื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ืื™ืขื’ื•ืฉืžื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ืื™ื“ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขื ืขืกืขื–ืื‘ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืกืื•ื•ื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸื•ืึทื•ืœื—ืžืขื ืขื“ื™ื™ืฉืจืืค

ืŸื•ืคืŸื™ื™ื’ืจืืคื˜ืฉื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื˜ืŸื™ื™ืืจืขื“ืื˜ื•ืืฉื–ื“ืŸื™ื™ืื˜ื™ื ื˜ืขื•ื•,ืŸื™ื™ื’ื™ื™ื‘ืจืืคืŸืœืขื•ื•ื“ืจืขืŸื•ืืœืžื™ื”ื–ื™ื‘,ืšื™ื™ืื’ืื–ืšื™ื,ืจืื•ื•ืจืืคืื™ืจืื•ื•18 .ืื™ื•ืงืžืŸืจืขื•ื•ืขืœืื–ื™ื‘,ื”ืจื•ึทืจืขื“

ืŸื™ืื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•,ืจืขื˜ืืคืŸื™ื™ื“ื•ืฆืŸืขื ื•ื•ืื“,ืจื™ื˜ืŸื™ื™ื“ืŸื›ืืžืจืืคื˜ืกืื”ื•ื“ืŸืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ืขืคืืฉืŸื™ื™ื“ืŸื™ืืŸื™ื™ืจืื™ื™ื’,ื˜ืกื˜ื ื•ื•ืื“ื•ื“ืŸืขื•ื•,ื•ื“ืจืขื‘ื6

ืŸื™ืืจืขื˜ืืคืŸื™ื™ื“ืšืื ;ืืกืืŸื™ืื˜ืฉื™ื ืฅื‘ืงื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืฉื™ื ืŸื“ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืฉื™ื ืŸืขื™ื™ื–ื™ื™ื–ืืขืจืื•ื•,ืื™ืžืฉืจืขื“ืŸื•ืคึทื•ืคื•ืขื™ื“,ื”ึตื”26

ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸืขืžืื ืŸื™ื™ื“ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื?ืŸืขืžืื ืŸื™ื™ื“ืŸื™ืื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ึทื•ืื™ื‘ื ื˜ื™ื ืจื™ืžืŸื‘ืื”,ืจืื”,ืจืื”:ื’ืื˜ื–ืืŸื™ืืจื™ืžื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ืŸืœืขื•ื•ืขืœื™ืค22 ?ืจืขื“ื ื•ืื•ื•ืขืœื™ืคืŸืื˜ืขื’ืŸืขืžืื ืŸื™ื™ื“ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื?ืื™ื“ืฉืŸื‘ื™ืจื˜ืขื’ืกื™ื•ืจื ึทื•ืขืฉืจื˜ื”ื•ื˜ืกืื•ื•ืจื™ื,ืจื™ืžืŸื•ืคืงืขื•ื•ืื™ื™ื’;ื˜ื ืขืงืขื’ื˜ื™ื ืœืืžื ื™ื™ืงืšื™ื™ืื‘ืื”ืšื™ื:ืŸื’ืื–ื™ื™ื–ืจืืคืšื™ืืœืขื•ื•ื˜ืœืืžืขื“ืŸื•ื23 ื–ื™ื•ื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืกืื•ื•,ืื›ื—ืื•ืฆืื™ืืŸื›ื™ื™ืœื’ืจืืคืœืขื•ื•ืšื™ื,ื™ื™ื–ื˜ื•ื˜ืŸื•ื,ืขื ื™ื™ืžืŸื•ืคื“ื™ื™ืจืขืงื™ื–ืื“ื™ื“ื˜ืจืขื”ืขืกืจืขื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื™ืจืขื“24

ื–ื™ืื™ื–ืŸื•ื;ื–ื™ื•ื”ืืขื ืขื™ืฃื™ื•ืืŸื’ืืœืฉืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸื–ืืœื‘ืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื˜ื ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืœื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ื“ืจื™ื˜ืื”ืŸื’ืขืจืจืขื“ืŸื•ื25 .ื–ื“ืœืขืคืืฃืฑืืŸืจืืฐืขื’ื˜ืขื“ื ื™ืจื’ืื‘ื–ื™ืืกืขืื•ืจืืฐ,ืŸืœืืคืขื’ื˜ื™ื  ืŸืคืฑืื–ืฑื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ื”ื ื‘ื˜ืื”ืกืื•ื•,ืจืื ืื•ืฆืŸืจืขื•ื•ืŸื›ื™ืœื’ืขื’ื˜ืขื•ื•,ื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื–ื˜ื•ื˜ืŸื•ื,ื“ื™ื™ืจืขื ึทืžืขืงื™ื–ืื“ื™ื“ื˜ืจืขื”ืกืื•ื•,ืจืขื›ืขืœื˜ื™ืืŸื•ื26

ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžืืขื“ืŸื™ื,ื‘ืงืขื™ืŸื•ื,ืงื—ืฆื™ืŸื•ื,ืื”ืจื‘ืื˜ื™ืžืŸืฆื™ื–ืŸืœืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ื‘ืจืขืžืŸื•ืื—ืจื–ืžืŸื•ืคืŸืขืžื•ืงืŸืœืขื•ื•ืขืœื™ืคื–ื,ืšื™ื™ืื’ืื–ืšื™ืืŸื•ื11

ืŸื™ื™ืฆืŸื•ืคืŸืฆื™ืจื—ืŸื•ืืŸื™ื™ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ืขื•ื•ืกืข:ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื—ื”ืšืฉื•ื—ืจืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸืจืขื•ื•ืŸืคืจืื•ื•ืขื’ืกื™ื•ืจืืŸืœืขื•ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœืžืจืขื“ืŸื•ืคืจืขื“ื ื™ืงื™ื“ืจืขื‘ื12

!ืื™ืืŸืจืขื”ืื™ืจืขื“ืŸื•ืืŸื˜ื ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ืšื™ื•ืื–ื,ืกืื“ื–ื™ืืฉื˜ื ืขืžืืจืืคืกืื•ื•:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ื˜ืฉื•ื“ื™ื—ืขื’ืšื™ื–ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸืฉื˜ื ืขืžื™ื“ืจืขื‘ื27 ,ืื™ื“ืฉื˜ื™ืžืขื ืขืกืขื–ืื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆื˜ื ื’ืขื’ืื‘ืื™ืืŸื‘ืื”,ืŸื–ื’ืจืขื’ื™ื“ืŸื•ืคื“ื ืืœืืขื“ืŸื™ืื˜ื™ื™ื–ืจืขืจืขื“ื ืืจืขื“ืฃื™ื•ืืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขื–ืืŸื•ื28

.ืื™ืจื™ื–ื—ืขื“ืื˜ืกืจืขื“ืŸื™ืืงืขื•ื•ืื–ื“ื ื•ืื˜ื–ืืœ,ืกื™ื•ืจืื–ื“ื ื•ืื˜ืจืื•ื•ื•ื“ื‘ื™ื•ื:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืŸื˜ืขื‘ืขื’ืื™ื“ืฉื™ื“ืื™ืืŸื‘ืื”31 ืขืฆื ืื’ื™ื“ื˜ืฉืจืข,ืื™ืจื™ื–ื—ืขื“ืื˜ืกืจืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸึทืจืึทื–ืŸืขื ึทื–,ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ืกืฑืจืืŸืขื ึทื–ึทื–ื–ืืŸื•ื!ื™ื™ื’:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืจืขืŸื•ื32 .ืŸืจืขืกืืฐื™ื“ืŸื™ืืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืžื•ืืŸืขื ึทื–ืŸื•ื,ืื™ืŸื™ืืจืขื’ึทื˜ืฉืืŸื•ืคึทืืจืื“ืœืื•ื•ื’ื˜ื™ืžืŸืคืืœืขื’ื–ื™ืืื™ืจื™ื–ื—ืขื“ืื˜ืก ื–ื™ืืกืขืกืื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ืฅืœืื˜ืœื™ื™ืฆืจืขื“ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืื˜ืฉืจืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸืคืืœื˜ื ืืŸืขื ืขื–,ื˜ื™ื”ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ืŸื‘ืื”ืกืื•ื•ื™ื“ืŸื•ื33

,ื“ื•ื“ืŸื•ืคืŸื•ื–ื•ื“:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ืืŸื’ื™ืจืฉืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืขื“ื ื™ืœื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื›ืื ืื™ืืŸืขื ืขื–,ืŸื˜ืจืื“ืŸื•ืคืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ืงืขื•ื•ืื–ื™ืืขื•ืฉื™ื–ืืŸื•ื27

?ืกืื“ืŸืขืงืšื™ืื–ื,ืจื™ืื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืœื’:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืขืงืฉืื™ืŸื•ื;ืขื“ื ื™ืœื‘ื™ื“ืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸืขื ืขื–,ื–ื™ื•ื”ืŸื™ืืŸื™ื™ืจืื–ื™ืืจืขืŸืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื28

ืจืื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ืจืขื›ืขื”ื˜ื™ื ื–ื™ืื˜ื›ืขื ืงืจืขื“ืŸื•ื,ืจืื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ืจืขื›ืขื”ื˜ื™ื ื–ื™ืื“ื™ืžืœึทืจืขื“24 ึทื™ื‘ื”ึพืœืขื‘ืืขื“ืŸืคื•ืจืขื’ื˜ืื”ืขืžื–ื.ืจืื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ื™ื•ื•ื˜ื›ืขื ืงืจืขื“ืŸื•ื,ืจืื”ืŸื™ื™ื–ื™ื•ื•ืŸื™ื™ื–ืœืื–ืจืขื–ืื“ื™ืžืœึทืืขื“ืจืืคื’ื•ื ืขื’ื–ื™ืืกืข25

ื”ื˜ืจื—ื˜ื™ื ืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ืœื™ื™ื•ื•,ืŸืื˜ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืื™ืฉืขืžืงื™ื“ืœืื•ื•ื’ืขื ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคื‘ื•ืจืกืื•ื•ืŸื™ืืื™ืจืขื™ื“ืŸืจืขื˜ืฉื•ืฆืŸื‘ื™ื•ื”ืขื’ื ืืจืขื˜ืื”ื˜ืœืืžืขื“20 ืŸืื˜ืขื’ืŸื˜ืœืืฐ,ืšึทืืŸื™ืืŸืจืืฐืขื’ืŸืื˜ืขื’ืŸืขื ึทื–ืกืืฐ,ืื™ืฉืขืžืขืงื™ื“ืœืื•ื•ื’ื™ื“ื‘ื™ื•ืืื•ืจืืฐ!ื”ื“ื™ื™ืฆ-ึทื™ื‘,ืจื™ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•!ืŸื™ื–ืจื•ื›,ืจื™ื“ื•ืฆื™ื™ื•ื•21

?ืŸึทื˜ืฉืื‘ื”ื›ื•ืœืžืŸึทื–ืŸืขื“ื˜ืขืฐื™ืฐ;ืŸื™ื™ืœืืšื™ื–ืŸื’ืขืงื˜ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืฆืจืขื–ื™ื,ืŸื˜ืฉืืขื“ืŸื‘ื™ืจื˜ืขื’ืกื™ื•ืจืื˜ืื”ืŸื˜ืฉืจืขื“ื‘ื™ื•ืืŸื•ื26 ืขืจืขึทืืŸึทื–ึทื–ืŸืœืขืฐืื•ืจื“?ืŸื‘ื™ื™ืจื˜ืกื™ื•ืจืืจืขื“ื ื™ืงืขืจืขื™ื™ืื™ื™ื–ืŸืจืื˜ืŸืขืžืขื•ื•ืšืจื•ื“,ืŸื•ื‘ื–-ืœืขื‘ืšืจื•ื“ืื™ื“ืฉืกื™ื•ืจืื‘ื™ืจื“ืšื™ืื‘ื™ื•ืืŸื•ื27

ืŸื•ื?ืจื‘ื’ืืขื“ืื“ื•ืงื˜ื“ื ื™ื‘ืจืขืŸื“ื™ื™ืก,ืŸื’ืขืžืจืืคืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸืจื™ืœืจืืคืŸื•ื,ืจืขืงืจืื˜ืฉืืŸื•ืคื–ื™ื•ื”ืืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸื™ื™ื’ื ื™ื™ืจืืŸืขืžืŸืขืงื™ื•ื–ืื™ื•ื•ืจืขื“ื29

ืจื™ืื˜ืขืฐืงื™ื“ื ืขืขื–ืŸื•ื;ืŸืขื ืื˜ืฉืจืืคื˜ื™ื ืŸื•ื,ืŸืจืขื”ืจื™ืื˜ืœืื–ืขืžืฉืื•ืฆ:ื˜ื’ืื–ืกืื•ื•,ื•ื”ื™ืขืฉื™ืŸื•ืคื”ืื•ื‘ื ื™ื“ืื™ื•ืงืžื˜ืจืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื14

;ืจื’ืกื™ื™ื–ืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื’ื™ื•ืืขืจืขื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ืขืžืฉืŸื•ืคึทื•ื”ืงืŸืขื ื™ื™ื–ืŸืจืขื™ื•ืืขืจืขื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื‘ืจื—ื–ื™ืืืขืŸืงื™ื–ืื“ืืขื“ืŸื•ืคื‘ืœืกืื“ืืขืจืื•ื•15 ืšื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸืฆืจืื”ืจืขื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ืžืŸื™ื™ื˜ืฉืจืืคืŸืœืื–ืŸื•ื,ืŸืจืขื™ื•ืืขืจืขื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ืžืŸืจืขื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸื’ื™ื•ืืขืจืขื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ืžืŸืขื–ืœืืžืŸื™ื™ืงื™ื™ื–ืŸืœืื–ืจืขืžืื˜ .ืŸืœื™ื™ื”ื™ื™ื–ืœืื–ืšื™ืืŸื•ื,ืŸืจืขืงืžื•ื

.ืฅื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ืŸืœืฆืจืื•ื•ืกื™ื•ืื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ืžืšื™ื•ืืจื™ืื˜ืœืื–,ื‘ืจืืืขื“ืŸึทืจืื˜ืœืžืื–ืจื™ืืŸืขื•ื•ืจืขืžืื˜;ืŸื™ื™ื :ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืจืขืจืขื‘ื29 ืืขื“ืฃืฑื ื•ืฆื˜ืฉืจืขื˜ืœืžืื–:ืŸืจืขื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ืšื™ืืœืขื•ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืŸื•ืคื˜ื™ื™ืฆืจืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื;ื˜ื™ื ืฉืŸื–ื™ื‘ืืขื ื™ื™ืื ื™ืืŸืกืงืื•ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ื‘ืŸืœืื–30

.ืŸืจืขื”ืœืื–,ืŸืจืขื”ื•ืฆืŸืจืขื™ื•ืื˜ืื”ืจืขื•ื•.ืจืขื˜ืืคืจืขื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžืืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื–ื™ื“ื™ื•ื•ืŸืขื ื™ื™ืฉืื™ืงื™ื“ืฆื™ื“ืŸืœืขื•ื•ื˜ืœืืžืขื“43

ืกืขื˜ืคื™ื•ืงืขื’ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืื”ืจืขืกืื•ื•ืฅืœืื˜ืคื™ื•ืงืจืืคืŸื•ืืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’,ื–ื™ื™ืจึทืกื™ื•ืจื’ืŸื•ืคืœืจืขึทืŸื™ื™ืืŸืขื ื•ืคืขื’ื˜ืื”ืจืขืŸืขื•ื•,ืกืื•ื•46 ;ืื™ื ื™ืžืขืœืืŸื•ืคื˜ืœืžืื–ืขื’ื ืœืืŸื•ื,ืื™ืืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸืคืจืื•ื•ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•,ืฅืขื ืื™ื•ื•ื–ื™ืืœืžื™ื”ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžืกืื“,ืจืขื“ื™ื•ื•47 ื˜ื›ืขืœืฉื™ื“ืŸืคืจืื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื,ืื™ืœื›ืŸื™ืื˜ื•ื’ื™ื“ื˜ืœืžืื–ืขื’ื ืœืืŸื•ื,ื˜ืฆืขื–ืขื’ืšื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ื’ืขืจื‘ื•ืฆืŸื’ื™ื•ืฆืขื’ื™ื™ื–,ืœื•ืคืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ื–ื™ืืกืขืŸืขื•ื•,ืกืื•ื•48 ,ืขื˜ื›ืขืจืขื’ื™ื“ืŸืฉื™ื•ื•ืฆืŸื•ืคืื™ืขืฉืจื™ื“ืŸื“ื™ื™ื ืฉึทืืŸื•ืืŸื™ื™ื’ืกื™ื•ืจืืŸืœืขื•ื•ืื™ื›ืืœืžื™ื“:ื˜ืœืขื•ื•ืจืขื“ืŸื•ืคืฃื•ืกืืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸื™ื™ื–ืกืขื˜ืขื•ื•ื™ื•ื–ื49

ืจื™ืืŸื‘ืขื’ื•ืฆืŸืœืฑืคืื‘ืจืขื˜ืื”,ืŸืกืขื•ืฆืื™ืื˜ื™ืžืŸืฆื™ื–ืกืืฐื™ื“ืŸื•ื,ื”ืขื•ื‘ืฉืจืขื“ืŸื’ืขืฐืŸื•ืคืจืขื‘ื;ื˜ืื”ืขื’ื”ื˜ืจื—ื˜ืื”ืšืœืžืจืขื“ืŸื•ื9

ืŸื•ืคืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ื ื•ื–ืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขื˜ื›ืื˜ืจื™ืืŸื•ื;ื”ื ื•ืžืืŸื™ื™ื“ื–ื™ืืกื™ื•ืจื’,ื™ื•ืจืคื,ืจื™ืื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’ืขืงืฉืื™ื˜ืื”ื˜ืœืืžืขื“28

.ื’ืื˜ืŸื˜ื™ืจื“ืŸืคื™ื•ืืŸื™ื™ื˜ืฉืคื™ื•ืืจืขื“ื™ื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืขื’ืจื”ืขื’ืŸืจืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื,ืื™ืจืคื•ืกืŸื•ืืื™ื ื”ื›ื™ืฉืืจืŸื•ื ืจื™ื“ื•ืฆืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืขื•ื•ืกืื“,ืจืื”,ืจื™ื“ืŸื•ืคื˜ื™ื™ื•ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื–:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืื™ืืฃืืจื˜ืฉื•ืฆืŸื‘ื™ื•ื”ืขื’ื ืืŸื•ื,ืŸืขืžื•ื ืขื’ืื™ืื˜ืื”ืกื•ืจื˜ืขืคืŸื•ื22 ื˜ืกืื”ื•ื“ืื™ืจืื•ื•,ื”ืจื™ื‘ืขืืจื™ืžื˜ืกื™ื‘ื•ื“;ืŸื˜ืฉ,ืจื™ืžืจืขื˜ื ื™ื”ืšื™ื“ื™ื™ื’:ืŸืกื•ืจื˜ืขืคื•ืฆื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืจืขืงืขื’ืžื•ืืšื™ื–ื˜ืื”ืจืขืจืขื‘ื23 .ืŸืฉื˜ื ืขืžืŸื•ืคืŸืขื ืขื–ืกืื•ื•,ื™ื“ื˜ืจืขื™ื™ื ,ื˜ืื’ืŸื•ืคื–ื™ืืกืื•ื•,ืกืื“ื˜ืœืขืคืขื’ื˜ืฉื™ื 

?ืœืžื™ื”ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžืืขื“ืŸื™ืืจืขื˜ืกืขืจื’ืจืขื“ื–ื™ืืจืขื•ื•,ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ื,ืขืงืฉืื™ื•ืฆืื™ื“ื™ืžืœึทื™ื“ืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื˜ื™ื™ืฆืจืขืงื™ื‘ืœืขื–ืจืขื“ืŸื™ื1 ื™ื™ื–ืŸืฉื™ื•ื•ืฆื˜ืœืขื˜ืฉืขื’ื ึทืจืืื™ืื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ื“ื ื™ืงืŸื™ื™ืœืงืืื™ืื•ืฆืŸืคื•ืจืขื’ื˜ืื”ื—ื™ืฉืžื”ืšืœืžื™ื‘ืจืŸื•ื2

,ืŸืจืขื”ืšื™ื“ื˜ืขื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื™ื•ื;ืŸื™ื™ืœืืื™ืืŸืฉื™ื•ื•ืฆืŸื•ืืจื™ื“ืŸืฉื™ื•ื•ืฆื“ืœื•ืฉืŸื™ื™ื–ืื™ืื’ืื–ืŸื•ืื™ื™ื’,ืจื™ื“ืฃื™ื•ืื”ืฉืขื˜ืขื•ื•ืจืขื“ื•ืจื‘ืŸื™ื™ื“ื‘ื™ื•ืืŸื•ื15

ืจืขื“ืŸืขื•ื•,ืขื™ืฆืืจืขื ืขืฉื–ื“ื™ืจืจืขื“ืŸื™ื,ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื›ืื ืจื™ืžืŸืขื ืขื–ืกืื•ื•,ืจื™ืื–ื,ืšื™ื™ืื’ืื–ืšื™ื,ืจืื•ื•ืจืืค:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸื•ื28 .ืœืืจืฉื™.ืื™ื˜ื‘ืฉืฃืœืขื•ื•ืฆื™ื“ืŸื˜ืคืฉืžืŸื•ื,ืŸืขื ืืจื˜ืฃืœืขื•ื•ืฆืฃื™ื•ืืŸืฆื™ื–ืšื™ื•ืืจื™ืื˜ืขื•ื•,ื“ื•ื‘ื›ืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคืŸืืจื˜ืŸืคื™ื•ืืŸืฆื™ื–ื˜ืขื•ื•ืืšืืšื‘ ืจืขื“ื,ื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืจืขื“ื,ืจืขื˜ื•ืžืจืขื“ื,ืจืขื˜ืืคืจืขื“ื,ืจืขื˜ืกืขื•ื•ืฉืจืขื“ื,ืจืขื“ื™ืจื‘ืจืขื“ื,ืจืขื–ึทื”ื˜ื–ืืœืจืืคื˜ืื”ืกืื•ื•ืจืขื›ืขืœื˜ื™ืืŸื•ื29

ื˜ืขื‘ืจืื™ื™ื’,ืŸื•ื–:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸื˜ืฉืจืขืื•ืฆืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขืŸื•ื;ืŸื™ื–ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸืืžืจืขืกื™ื•ื•ืขื’ื?ืจื™ืื˜ื ื™ื™ืžืกืื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื28 .ืŸื˜ืจืื’ื ื™ื™ื•ื•ืŸื™ื™ืžืŸื™ืื˜ื ื™ื™ื” ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื–ื™ืืŸื•ื,ืŸืื˜ืขื’ื”ื‘ื•ืฉึทืจืขื˜ืื”ืšืื ืจืขื“ืจืขื‘ื;ื˜ื™ื ืœื™ื•ื•ืšื™ื:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ืื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’ืจืขื˜ืื”29 .ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ื˜ื™ื ื–ื™ืืŸื•ื,ืจืื”,ึทื’ืšื™ื:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ืื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’ืจืขื˜ืื”.ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื•ื–ืื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸื˜ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืื•ืฆืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขืŸื•ื30 ืšื™ืืจืื•ื•ืจืืค,ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืขืงืฉืื™ืจืขื˜ืฉืจืขืจืขื“,ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ื™ื™ื–?ืจืขื˜ืืคืŸื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคืŸื•ืฆืจืืขื“ืŸืื˜ืขื’ื˜ืื”2ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืคืจืขื•ื•31 .ืจื™ืืจืืคื˜ืื’ืŸื•ืคึทื•ื›ืœืžื™ื“ืŸื™ืืŸื™ื™ื’ึทื•ื ื•ื–ื™ื“ืŸื•ืืืกื›ื•ืžื™ื“ื–ื,ืจื™ืื•ืฆืŸื’ืื– ึทื•ื ื•ื–ื™ื“ืŸื•ืืื™ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื“ืจืขื‘ื;ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืœื’ืขื’ื˜ื™ื ืื™ืื˜ืื”ืจื™ืืŸื•ื,ื˜ื™ื™ืงื™ื˜ื›ืขืจืขื’ืŸื•ืคื’ืขื•ื•ืืขื“ืŸื™ืืšื™ื™ืื•ืฆืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื–ื™ืืŸื ื—ื•ื™ืื™ืจืื•ื•32 ;ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืœื’ืขื’ืื™ืืŸื‘ืื”

.ืŸืขื’ื ืื’ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืŸื•ื,ื˜ื–ืืœืจืืคืื™ืืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื,ื˜ืฉื•ื“ื™ื—ืขื’ืšื™ื–ื™ื™ื–ืŸื‘ืื”,ื“ื™ื™ืจืขืงื™ื–ืื“ื™ื“ื˜ืจืขื”ืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ื–ืืŸื•ื22 ืื™ืืŸื‘ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืื™ึทืžื”ึทื™ื—ึทืŸื™ื™ืงืื˜ืฉื™ื ื–ื™ืืกืขื–ืืŸื’ืื–ืกืื•ื•,ืื™ืงื•ื“ืฆื™ื“ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ื’ืื˜ืŸื‘ืœืขื–ืืขื“ืŸื™ืืŸื•ื23 :ื˜ื’ืขืจืคืขื’ ืŸื™ื™ื˜ืฉืคื™ื•ืืŸื•ื,ื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ื™ืžืŸื‘ืื”ื”ื ื•ึทื—ืจืขื“ื•ืจื‘ืŸื™ื™ื–ืœืื–,ืจืขื“ื ื™ืงืŸืื˜ื‘ืจืื˜ืฉืŸืืžืื‘ื™ื•ื:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ื—ื™ืฉืžื”ืšืœืžื™ื‘ืจืŸื•ื24 .ืจืขื“ื•ืจื‘ืŸื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆืŸืขืžืื– ืŸื™ื™ืงืŸื,ืŸื•ื,ืŸื‘ืจืื˜ืฉืขื’ื–ื™ื,ื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืื˜ืื”ืขื’ื”ื ื•ึทื—ื˜ืื”ืจืขืŸืขื•ื•,ืจืขื˜ืฉืจืขืจืขื“ืŸื•ื;ืจืขื“ื™ืจื‘7ื–ื“ื ื•ืื˜ื™ืžืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ืกืขืŸื•ื25

ื˜ื™ื ื˜ึทื’ืจื™ืืื•ืจืืฐ,ืŸืฉื˜ื ืขืžืŸื’ืขืงืœืžื™ื”ืŸื•ืคื”ื›ื•ืœืžืกืื“ืŸืกืืœืฉืจืืคืจื™ืืื•ืจืืฐ!ืื™ืคื ื•ื—,ืื™ืฉื•ืจืคืŸื•ืืื™ืจืคื•ืก,ืšื™ื™ืื™ื™ื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื13 .ืŸึทืจืืŸืขึทื’ืกืืฐื™ื“ืŸึทืจืื˜ื™ื ื˜ื–ืืœืŸื•ื,ืŸึทืจืืŸึทืœื ;ื”ืœื™ืคืชืขื’ื ืืœืื˜ืขื‘ืฅื™ืจึทืืจืืคืŸื•ื,ึทื•ื ืžืœืืŸื•ืคืจืขื–ึทื”ื™ื“ื˜ืจืขืฆืจืืคืจื™ืืื•ืจืืฐ!ืื™ืคื ื•ื—,ืื™ืฉื•ืจืคืŸื•ืืื™ืจืคื•ืก,ืšื™ื™ืื™ื™ื•ื•14

,ื˜ื›ืืžืขื’ื˜ืจืขืฐืจืขื–ืืŸื•ื,ืจื™ื‘ื’ืŸึทืืŸื›ืืžื•ืฆื™ื“ื›,ื“ื ืืœืŸื•ืืื™ืฃืฑืจืื˜ึทื’ืจื™ืืื•ืจืืฐ!ืื™ืคื ื•ื—,ืื™ืฉื•ืจืคืŸื•ืืื™ืจืคื•ืก,ืšื™ื™ืื™ื™ื•ื•15

ืŸืจืขื•ื•ืฉื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืกืจืขื•ื•ืจืขื‘ื;ื˜ืฉื™ื ืจืื’ื–ื™ืืกืข,ืœื›ื™ื”ืืขื“ื™ื™ื‘ืŸืจืขื•ื•ืฉื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืกืจืขื•ื•:ืŸื’ืื–ืกืื•ื•,ืื™ื›ื™ืจื“ืžืขื“ื ื™ืœื‘ืจื™ื,ืšื™ื™ืื™ื™ื•ื•16

.ืจื™ืžื•ืฆืŸืื˜ืขื’ืกืขืจื™ืื˜ืื”,ืจืขื“ื™ืจื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืž ืจืืคื˜ื™ื™ืจื’ืขื’ื•ืฆ,ืจืขื™ื™ืคืงื™ื‘ื™ื™ืืŸื™ื,ืŸื˜ืœืืฉืขื’ืจื™ื,ืจื™ืžืŸื•ืคืงืขื•ื•ืื˜ื™ื™ื’:ื˜ื ืื”ืจืขืงื ื™ืœืจืขื“ืŸื•ืคื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ืšื™ื•ืืจืขื˜ืขื•ื•ื˜ืœืืžืขื“41 .ืื™ื›ืืœืžืขื ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ืืŸื˜ืฉืืขื“ ืจื™ืžื˜ืื”ืจื™ืืŸื•ื,ืงื™ื˜ืฉืจืื“ืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ืŸื™ื‘ืšื™ื;ืฉื™ื™ืœืคืŸื™ื™ืงืŸื‘ืขื’ืขื’ื˜ืฉื™ื ืจื™ืžื˜ืื”ืจื™ืืŸื•ื,ืงื™ืจืขื’ื ื•ื”ืืŸืขื•ื•ืขื’ืŸื™ื‘ืšื™ืืืขืจืื•ื•42

.ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืกืื”ื•ื“:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆืจืขื˜ืื”?ืšื™ืืŸื™ื‘,ื™ื ื“ื:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ืื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’,ื˜ืืจืจืืคืื™ืื˜ืื”ืกืื•ื•,ื”ื“ื•ื”ื™ื˜ืื”25 :ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืŸื•ื,ืื™ื“ื™ืžืœึทื™ื“ื•ืฆืŸื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืŸื•ื,ืŸื›ืืจื‘ืขืฆืŸื•ื,ื˜ืฉื˜ื ืขื‘ืขื’ืŸื•ื,ื˜ื™ื•ืจื‘ืŸืขืžื•ื ืขื’ืขืงืฉืื™ื˜ืื”,ืŸืกืขื’ืขื’ืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ึทืขื‘ืŸื•ื26

;ืจืขื–ื™ืืกืื“,ืŸืฉื•ืงืœืขื•ื•ืšื™ืืจืขื•ื•:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืŸื›ื™ื™ืฆืืŸื‘ืขื’ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื˜ืื”,ืŸื˜ืืจืจืืคืื™ืื˜ืื”ืกืื•ื•,ืจืขื“ืŸื•ื48 .ื˜ืฉื•ืงืขื’ืื™ืืŸื•ื;ืจืื”,ืื•ืœืฉ:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸืขื•ืฉื™ื•ืฆืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืšื™ื™ืœื’ื–ื™ืืจืขืŸื•ื49 ืฃื™ื•ืื˜ื ืขื”ื˜ื’ื™ื™ืœืขื’ืŸื•ื,ืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ืŸืขื ืขื–ื™ื™ื–ืŸื•ื?ืŸืขืžื•ืงืขื’ื•ื˜ืกื™ื‘ืกืื•ื•ืจืืค,ื“ื ื™ื™ืจืค:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆื˜ืื”ื—ื™ืฉืžื”ืšืœืžื™ื‘ืจืŸื•ื50

?ืจื™ื“ืŸื’ืขืงึทื•ื“ืขืขืงื™ื–ืื“ื™ื“ืŸืขื ึทื–ืกืืฐ?ื˜ืฉื™ื ืจืื’ื•ื˜ืกืจืขืคื˜ื ืข:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆื˜ืื”ืŸื•ื,ืŸืขื ืื˜ืฉืขื’ืคื™ื•ืื–ื™ืืœื•ื“ื’-ืŸื”ื›ืจืขื“ืŸื•ื62 ืึทื‘ืจื™ื“ืจืขืฐืฉืื‘ืšื™ื:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸื•ื,ืœื•ื“ื’ืŸื”ื›ืจืขื“ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’ื˜ืื”;ืื•ืœืฉืŸื˜ืœืื”ืขื’ื˜ืื”ื—ื™ืฉืžื”ืšืœืžื™ื‘ืจืจืขื‘ื63

ืืขื ืขื™ื˜ื™ืžืŸืื˜ื•ืฆื˜ืฉื™ื ืจืื’ื˜ืกืื”:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืื™ืื•ืฆื˜ืงื™ืฉืขื’ื‘ื™ื™ื•ื•ืŸื™ื™ื–ื˜ืื”,ืŸื™ื“-ืืกื›ืŸืคื™ื•ืืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ืฆืขื–ืขื’ื–ื™ืืจืขืŸืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื19

.ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸืงื™ืœื™ื˜ืจืืคืŸื•ื,ืŸื‘ืืจื‘ืŸื’ืขืจืคืŸืœืื–ื™ื™ื–ื–ื,ืงืœืืคืืขื“ื˜ื’ื™ื™ืฆืจืขื‘ื™ืืŸื‘ืื”ืื™ื ืงื–ื™ื“ืŸื•ืืื™ื ื”ื›-ื™ืฉืืจื™ื“ืจืขื‘ื20 ื”ื‘ืจื‘:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ึทื–ืŸื‘ืื”?ื™ื™ืจืคืšื™ื™ืืœืื–ืšื™ืื–ื,ืจื™ืื˜ืœื™ื•ื•2ื™ื“ืŸื•ืคืจืขื•ื•:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆืŸื•ื,ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ื ืขืขื’ื“ื™ื’ื ืจืขื“ื˜ืื”21 ืŸื™ื™ื–ืœืื–ืจืข,ืื™ืื•ืฆืŸื’ืื–ืขืœืื™ื™ื–?ื—ื™ืฉืžื˜ืกื™ื™ื”ืกืื•ื•,ืขื•ืฉื™ื˜ื™ืžืŸืื˜ืŸืขื“ืšื™ืืœืื–ืกืื•ื•:ื˜ื’ืื–ืขื’ื™ื™ื–ื•ืฆืกื•ื˜ืืœื™ืคื˜ืื”22 ื˜ืงื™ืฆื™ื™ืจืงืขื’ ื˜ืงื™ืฆื™ื™ืจืงืขื’ืจืขืœืื–:ืŸื’ืื–ื•ืฆื™ื•ื–ื,ืŸื’ื™ืจืฉืขื’ืจืขืžืšืื ืŸื‘ืื”ื™ื™ื–ืจืขื‘ื?ืŸืื˜ืขื’ืจืขื˜ืื”ื”ึธืจืกืื•ื•,ืกืื•ื•ืจืืค:ืจืžืื“ื™ื’ื ืจืขื“ื˜ืื”23

,ืจืขืกืื•ื•ืŸืขืžื•ื ืขื’ืจืขื˜ืื”,ื”ืžื•ื”ืžืืŸืจืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ื›ืืžืขื’ื–ื™ืืกืขื˜ืจืขื™ื™ื ,ืŸื˜ืœืื”ื˜ืฉื™ื ืจืื’ืŸืขืงืจืขื–ื,ืŸืขื–ืขื’ื˜ืื”ืกื•ื˜ืืœื™ืคืŸืขื•ื•ืŸื•ื24

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