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News from the library is a bimonthly newsletter providing timely, lively and informative articles on new releases from CIHEAM Bari Institute, the latest additions to the library's collection of books and articles, focus on the most important scientific journals, news from the world's libraries and international associations' activities.

Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari www.iamb.it

DOCUMENTATION CENTRE - CIHEAM BARI

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N° 5 - 2017 - september/october

The magazine of the month

Contents

The magazine of the month pag. 1 News pag. 10 - 15

Crop protection. - Guilford : Butterworths scientific. - v. ; 30 cm. Mensile. - Descrizione basata su: v. 9, n. 1 (1990). - L'editore varia. - ISSN 0261-2194.

GardenLibrary pag. 14 - 15

Editor-in-chief: Luigi Sisto Editorial board: Giuseppe Inchingolo Wanda Occhialini Graphic design and layout: Fabio La Notte

Full Journal Title: Crop protection: The Official Journal of the International Association for the Plant Protection ISO: Crop Prot.

JCR Abbrev. Title: CROP PROT Editors-in-Chief: S.N. Wegulo ISSN: 0261-2194 Issues/Year: 12 Language: ENGLISH Journal Country/Territory: ENGLAND Publisher: Elsevier Subject Categories: AGRONOMY - SCIE CiteScore: 2.15 Impact Factor: 1.834 5-Year Impact Factor: 1.936 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): 1.312 SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 0.883 Ranking: (2016) 20/83 Q1 Availabile in IAMB Library on line resources

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About Impact Factor & Rancking: measure of the number of times an average paper in this journal is cited. The Journal Impact Factor is published each year by Thomson Reuters. It is a measure of the number of times an average paper in a particular journal is cited during the preceding two years.

ISI ranking: Journals are often ranked by Impact Factor in an appropriate Thomson Reuters subject category. As there are now two Impact Factors published – two-year and fiveyear Impact Factors – this rank may differ, so care is needed when assessing these ranked lists to understand which of the two metrics is being used. In addition, journals can be categorized in multiple subject categories, giving them different ranks for each subject.

Consequently, a rank should always be in context to the subject category.

The Source Data Table shows the number of citable items in the the JCR year. Citable items are further divided into articles (that is, research articles) and reviews. The table also shows the number of references cited by the articles and reviews in the JCR year. The ratio

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of references to citable items indicates the average number of references cited by an article or review.

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The Cited Journal Graph shows the distribution (by cited year) of citations published in journals during the JCR year to items published in the Journal during the last 10 years. The white/grey division indicates the cited half-life (if < 10.0). Half of the citations are to items that were published more recently than the cited half-life. The two light-orange columns indicate citations used to calculate the Impact Factor (always the 2nd and 3rd columns).

Rank information is included for both the JCR Impact Factor and ESI Total Citations. Category ranking is presented by year in descending order for each category in which the journal is ranked in both the JCR and ESI. JCR Impact Factor table also includes the Quartile and JIF Percentile for each year. ESI Total citations provides rank and quartile, in addition to a graph of Total Citations by JCR years.

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The Citing Journal Graph shows the distribution (by cited year) of citations published in the Journal during the JCR year to items published in journals during the last 10 years. The white/grey division indicates the citing half-life (if < 10.0). Half of the citations are to items that were published more recently than the citing half-life.

The Category box plot depicts the distribution of Impact Factors for all journals in the category. The horizontal line that forms the top of the box is the 75th percentile (Q1). The horizontal line that forms the bottom is the 25th percentile (Q3). The horizontal line that intersects the box is the median Impact Factor for the category. Box plots are provided for each category in which the journal is indexed.

Aims & Scope: The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protectionparticularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: Abiotic damage; Agronomic control methods; Assessment of pest and disease damage; Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases; Biological control; Biorational pesticides; Control of animal pests of world crops; Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms; Control of weeds and integrated management; Economic and social considerations; Effects of plant growth regulators; Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use; Environmental effects of pesticides; Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control; GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications; Importance and control of postharvest crop losses; Integrated control; Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies; Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection; Pesticide application methods; Pest management; Plant bioms: for pest and disease control; Resistance management; Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.

Keywords: Crop protection; Agricultural systems; Protected crops; Disease control; Weed control; Control strategies; Pest management.

The Journal Relationships visualization displays the citing or cited data relationships between the parent journal and the top twenty journals in its network. On the diagram, the top twenty cited or citing journals are displayed as arcs on the circle. The size of each arc is indicative of the relative citation relationships to that journal. The thickness of the chords connecting the arcs is demonstrative of the strength of citation relationship between the journals.

[Fonte: ISI Web of Knowledge]

Abstracting and Indexing Information: Crop protection: The Official Journal of the International Association for the Plant Protection, is noted in the following AGRICOLA, Agricultural Engineering Abstracts, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, Elsevier BIOBASE, Chemical Abstracts, Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences, Index to Scientific Reviews, Index to South African Periodicals, Irrigation and Drainage Abstracts, Field Crop Abstracts, Engineering Village - GEOBASE, Helminthological Abstracts, Horticultural Abstracts, Plant Breeding Abstracts, Review of Applied Entomology, Review of Plant Pathology, Risk Abstracts, Science Citation Index, Soils and Fertilizers, Scopus, EMBiology.

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The journal is also available in electronic format: for access ask to inchingolog@iamb.it Most Downloaded Crop Protection Articles

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A survey of root knot nematodes and resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in sweet potato varieties from Kenyan fields Hannah W.Karuri, DanielOlago, RoyNeilson, Enock Mararo, JandouweVillinger The root knot nematode, Meloidogyne is one of the most economically damaging plant parasitic nematode groups, and are widely distributed in Kenyan agroecosystems. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of Meloidogyne species in Kenyan sweet potato fields and identify sweet potato varieties that exhibit resistance to M. incognita. Meloidogyne species were collected from Nyanza, Western, Eastern and Central Provinces of Kenya. Mitochondrial DNA was used to differentiate Meloidogyne species. The most common species in all sampled regions was M. incognita. Meloidogyne hapla was recorded for the first time in Kenyan sweet potato growing areas (Mosocho, Matayos, Teso South, Manyatta, and Nzaui sub-counties), while M. enterolobii was observed in Kiharu, Matayos and Mosocho sub-counties and a novel Meloidogyne sp. was identified in Kiharu subcounty. Seventy-two sweet potato varieties collected from both agricultural fields and research stations in Kenya were evaluated for resistance to M. incognita under greenhouse conditions in two separate trials … [read more].

Keywords: Diversity; Ipomoea batatas; Meloidogyne incognita.

To cite this article: Hannah W.Karuri, DanielOlago, RoyNeilson, Enock Mararo, JandouweVillinger (2017). A survey of root knot nematodes and resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in sweet potato varieties from Kenyan fields, Crop Protection, 92: 114-121, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.10.020.

In vitro and in planta nematicidal activity of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) leaf extracts Shivraj Hariram Nile, Arti Shivraj Nile, Young Soo K e u m , Ve n k i d a s a m y B a s k a r, S a t h i s h k u m a r Ramalingam In this study, biological control of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) by aqueous leaf extracts of black pepper was investigated. Results revealed that the leaf extracts inhibited nematode survival and other life parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Black pepper leaf extract was able to penetrate the nematode egg mass matrix and significantly reduce the percentage of egg hatching along with fatal effects on J2s and simultaneous enhancement of tomato plant growth. Egg viability after treatment was found to be less sensitive to the aqueous extracts than J2s, based on

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LC50 values. Complete mortality of J2s was recorded for 40, 60, and 80% dilutions of extracts, while 100% egg inhibition was only observed with the undiluted standard extracts (SE). The leaf extracts significantly inhibited egg production and egg hatching after treatment. Specific activities of the resistance-related enzymes … [read more].

Keywords: Nematicidal activity; Black pepper; Meloidogyne incognita; Enzymes Dilutions.

To cite this article: Shivraj Hariram Nile, Arti Shivraj Nile, Young Soo Keum, Venkidasamy Baskar, Sathishkumar Ramalingam (2017). In vitro and in planta nematicidal activity of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) leaf extracts, Crop Protection, 100: 1-7, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.05.027.

Managing storage pests of maize: Farmers' knowledge, perceptions and practices in western Kenya Charles A.O. Midega, Alice W. Murage, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Zeyaur R. Khan Insect pests are a key constraint to effective utilization of cereal crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with damage caused by these pests in the stores of particular concern. Although a number of approaches have been advanced for control of storage pests of maize, uptake remains a challenge, with effectiveness of some approaches being questionable. We conducted a survey in western Kenya among 330 respondents using face to face interviews and focus group discussions to evaluate farmers' practices, knowledge and perceptions of storage pests of maize, and their current practices in managing such pests as a basis for development of efficient integrated pest management (IPM) approaches for the pests. Majority of the respondents stored maize in traditional granaries, with less than 10% of them using modern improved facilities, mainly due to inability to afford these.

Majority of the respondents also cited attack of their stored grains by a number of insect pests, causing about 40% grain losses. The larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae), and maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were perceived as the most common and damaging pests. Farmers' perceptions of pests were positively and significantly influenced by level of education and farming experience, indicating that education and experience build farmers' understanding of storage pests … [read more].

Keywords: Maize; Storage pests; Integrated pest management; Smallholder farmers.

To cite this article: Charles A.O. Midega, Alice W. Murage, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Zeyaur R. Khan (2016).

Managing storage pests of maize: Farmers'

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knowledge, perceptions and practices in western Kenya, Crop Protection, 90: 142-149, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.08.033.

Herbicide options for effective weed management in dry direct-seeded rice under scented rice-wheat rotation of western Indo-Gangetic Plains Vijay Singh, Mangi L. Jat, Zahoor A.Ganie, Bhagirath S.Chauhan, Raj K.Gupta Farmers' participatory field trials were conducted at Madhuban, and Taraori, the two participatory experimental sites/locations of the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA), a collaborative project of IRRI and CIMMYT in Karnal district of Haryana, India, during Kharif (wet season) 2010 and 2011. This research aimed to evaluate preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides for providing feasible and economically viable weed management options to farmers for predominant scented rice varieties. Treatments with pendimethalin PRE fb bispyribac-sodium + azimsulfuron POST had lower weed biomass at 45 days after sowing (DAS). At Madhuban, highest grain yield of scented basmati rice (3.43 t ha−1) was recorded with the sequential application of pendimethalin PRE fb bispyribacsodium + azimsulfuron POST. However, at Taraori, yields were similar with pendimethalin or oxadiargyl PRE fb bispyribac-sodium and/or azimsulfuron POST. Applying oxadiargyl by mixing with sand onto flooded field was less effective than spray applications in nonflooded field … [read more].

Keywords: B:C ratio; Crop injury; Dry direct-seeded rice; Herbicides; POST; PRE; Weed management.

To cite this article: Vijay Singh, Mangi L. Jat, Zahoor A.Ganie, Bhagirath S.Chauhan, Raj K.Gupta (2016).

Herbicide options for effective weed management in dry direct-seeded rice under scented rice-wheat rotation of western Indo-Gangetic Plains, Crop Protection, 81: 168-176, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.12.021.

Recently published articles from Crop Protection Laboratory and field trials to identify effective chemical control strategies for integrated management of Drosophila suzukii in European cherry orchards Rady Shawer, Lorenzo Tonina, Paola Tirello, Carlo Duso, Nicola Mori The recent spread of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, in Europe has created considerable concern because of the damage recorded on various crops, in particular on sweet cherry, despite the use of conventional pesticides. Effective chemical control strategies are urgently required to improve integrated SWD management. Insecticide use should be incorporated in an IPM strategy that adopts cultural

and biological control methods and tools to ensure high protection of cherry production while fulfilling export market requirements. Laboratory and field trials were conducted in North-Eastern Italy to identify the most effective and sustainable insecticides to be used against SWD in cherry orchards. In the laboratory, cherries previously infested by SWD were dipped in insecticide solutions to assess their effectiveness in controlling eggs and larvae. In other laboratory trials cherries were first treated with insecticides and then exposed to adults to assess residual activity. A number of chemical control strategies (including one designed for organic orchards) were then compared in cherry orchards.

These strategies were planned also considering the need to control the European cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi L., a key pest of cherry in Europe and elsewhere … [read more].

Keywords: Sweet cherry; Drosophila suzukii; Rhagoletis cerasi; Insecticides; Integrated pest management.

To cite this article: Rady Shawer, Lorenzo Tonina, Paola Tirello, Carlo Duso, Nicola Mori (2018).

Laboratory and field trials to identify effective chemical control strategies for integrated management of Drosophila suzukii in European cherry orchards, Crop Protection, 103: 73-80, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.09.010.

Understanding crop-weed-fertilizer-water interactions and their implications for weed management in agricultural systems Simerjeet Kaur, Ramanjit Kaur, Bhagirath S.Chauhan Crops and weeds share the same aboveground/aerial (sunlight, space, atmospheric gases, etc.) and underground/soil (water and nutrients) resources.

Competition is a predictable response of organisms living in communities, and is a struggle between two organisms for a limited resource that is essential for their growth. Crop-weed competition causes an alteration in the utilization of various resources and also affects complex interactions between plants and environmental factors. Water, nutrients, light, and space are the major factors for which organisms compete. Light and space are the main aboveground resources, and the effects of competition for these resources can be visually observed. This article focusses on crop-weed interactions for underground resources - nutrients and water. Weeds, being more aggressive, adaptive and persistent than crops, pose a serious threat to crop production as they have the ability to survive under adverse conditions and extract more water and nutrients from the soil; thereby, reducing crop yields … [read more].

Keywords: Weed-fertilizer interactions; Weed-water interactions; Crop-weed competition; Cultural weed control.

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To cite this article: Simerjeet Kaur, Ramanjit Kaur, Bhagirath S.Chauhan (2018). Understanding cropweed-fertilizer-water interactions and their implications for weed management in agricultural systems, Crop Protection, 103: 65-72, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.09.011.

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Chemical composition of an insecticidal extract from Robinia pseudacacia L. seeds and it's efficacy against aphids in oilseed rape Hao Jiang, JinWang, Li Song Xianshuang Cao, Xi Yao, Feng Tang, Yongde Yue Interest in the use of plant extracts to replace chemicals as insecticides is growing. In the present study, the chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Robinia pseudoacacia L. seed extract were investigated. The insecticidal extract of R. pseudoacacia seeds was analyzed by GC×GCTOFMS. A total of 51 compounds were identified and the major constituents found in the seed extract were 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (20.9%), 9,12,15octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (14.3%) and 9,12octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (10.9%). The results showed that the petroleum ether fraction of R. pseudoacacia seeds exhibited strong insecticidal activity against cotton aphid and cabbage aphid with LD50 values of 7.04 ng/insect and 6.87 ng/insect, respectively (at 24 h post-treatment) using a topical application method … [read more].

Keywords: Robinia pseudoacacia; Seed extract; GC×GC-TOFMS; Cotton aphid; Cabbage aphid; Insecticidal activity; Topical application; Laboratory biomassa; Field experiment.

To cite this article: Hao Jiang, JinWang, Li Song Xianshuang Cao, Xi Yao, Feng Tang, Yongde Yue (2018). Chemical composition of an insecticidal extract from Robinia pseudacacia L. seeds and it's efficacy against aphids in oilseed rape, Crop P r o t e c t i o n , 1 0 4 : 1 - 6 , D O I : doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.10.004.

Silicon mitigates biotic stresses in crop plants: A review Hafiz Faiq Bakhat, Najma Bibi, Zahida Zia, Sunaina Abbas, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Rizwan Ashraf, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Faiz Rabbani, Shafqat Saeed Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the lithosphere. Soils commonly contain as much as 30% Si, the majority of which is found in minerals and rocks. In plants, the element Si is recognized as a “beneficial quasi-essential” mineral nutrient. It is taken up by the plant roots and trans-located to aerial parts through transpiration streams. Naturally, its accumulation in aerial parts augments its polymerization in the intercellular spaces and beneath

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the cuticles creates a barrier against pathogen attack.

Moreover, soluble Si in the cytosol triggers various metabolic pathways that result in the production of jasmonic acid and herbivore induced plant organic compounds. Combination of these Si-mediated physical and biochemical processes enhances plant defenses against biotic stresses (insects, fungus and bacteria). In addition, soluble Si in the plant system attracts natural predators and parasitoids during pest attack and consequently increases biological control. … [read more].

Keywords: Silicon; Pest Plants; Physical defense; Chemical defense; Pesticide; Integrated strategy.

To cite this article: Hafiz Faiq Bakhat, Najma Bibi, Zahida Zia, Sunaina Abbas, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Rizwan Ashraf, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Faiz Rabbani, Shafqat Saeed (2018).

Silicon mitigates biotic stresses in crop plants: A review, Crop Protection, 104: 21-34, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.10.008.

Most Cited Crop Protection Articles Applications of nanomaterials in agricultural production and crop protection: A review Khot L.R.; Sankaran S.; Maja J.M.; Ehsani R.; Schuster E.W. Recent manufacturing advancements have led to the fabrication of nanomaterials of different sizes and shapes. These advancements are the base for further engineering to create unique properties targeted toward specific applications. Historically, various fields such as medicine, environmental science, and food processing have employed the successful and safe use of nanomaterials. However, use in agriculture, especially for plant protection and production, is an under-explored area in the research community.

Preliminary studies show the potential of nanomaterials in improving seed germination and growth, plant protection, pathogen detection, and pesticide/herbicide residue detection. This review summarizes agricultural applications of nanomaterials and the role these can play in future agricultural production.

Keywords: Nanopesticides; Pathogen detection; Pesticide residue detection; Plant germination.

To cite this article: Khot L.R., Sankaran S., Maja J.M., Ehsani R., Schuster E.W. (2012). Applications of nanomaterials in agricultural production and crop protection: A review, Crop Protection, 35: 64-70.

Herbicide cross resistance in weeds Hugh J. Beckie, François J. Tardif With no major new site-of-action herbicide introduced into the marketplace in the last 20 years, the stagnation

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or decline in available herbicides in the past decade in a number of jurisdictions, and ever-increasing incidence of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds, more efficient use of our existing herbicide tools will be required to proactively or reactively manage HR weed populations. Herbicide-resistant weed management can be aided by crop cultivars with alternative single or stacked herbicide-resistance traits, such as synthetic auxins, which will become increasingly available to growers in the future. An examination of crossresistance patterns in HR weed populations may inform proactive or reactive HR weed management through better insights into the potential for HR traitstacked crops to manage HR weed biotypes as well as identify possible effective alternative herbicide options for growers.

Keywords: Chemical control; Crop rotation; Cultivar; Future prospect; Growth regulator; Herbicide; Inhibitor; Integrated pest management; Pesticide resi stance; Weed control.

To cite this article: Hugh J. Beckie, François J. Tardif (2012). Herbicide cross resistance in weeds, Crop Protection, 35: 15-28.

Farming with fewer pesticides: EU pesticide review and resulting challenges for UK agriculture Hillocks R.J. EU policy is directed towards significant reductions in pesticide use in the short to medium term. Current European Commission [EC] Directives on pesticide registration and usage, has resulted in the loss from the UK market of some important crop protection products. The continuing review process could result in the removal from sale of many more pesticides commonly used in UK farming. Under Directive 2009/128, the Sustainable Use Directive, National Action Plans for reductions in pesticide use and the implementation of IPM on all farms in member states, will be reviewed by the EC at the end of 2014. As new legislation is introduced and the basis on which pesticides would be removed from use is still undecided, it is difficult for the farming industry to have a clear perspective on which pesticides are at risk and what strategy they need to adopt to comply with current legislation and to design their future pest management plans. Britain and other EU States are faced with having to produce more food profitably and sustainably, using fewer pesticides, while trying to avoid steep price increases.

Keywords: Agriculture; EU review; IPM; Pesticides.

To cite this article: Hillocks R.J. (2012). Farming with fewer pesticides: EU pesticide review and resulting challenges for UK agriculture, Crop Protection, 31(1): 85-93.

Ecology and management of weeds under conservation agriculture: A review Chauhan B.S., Singh R.G., Mahajan G. Tillage has been known to cause soil erosion and cost time and resources and this affects productivity and inflates the cost of production. Therefore, over the past few years in many countries, there has been a growing trend toward conservation agriculture (CA) to enhance sustainability without compromising land productivity. Three important pillars of CA are minimal tillage operations, permanent residue cover, and rotation of primary crops. Adoption of CA, however, influences weed populations differently from conventional agriculture. Weed control in CA is a greater challenge than in conventional agriculture because there is no weed seed burial by tillage operations and soil-applied herbicides are not incorporated, resulting in reduced efficacy. The behavior of weeds and their interaction with crops under CA tend to be complex and not fully understood.

A large proportion of weed seed bank remains generally on or close to the soil surface after crop sowing under CA. Weed species, in which germination is stimulated by light, are likely to be more problematic in CA. In addition, in the absence of tillage, perennial weeds may also become more challenging in this system. On the other hand, weed seeds present on the soil surface are more prone to desiccation and greater predation activity of insects, especially ants. Crop residues, when uniformly and densely present, under CA could suppress weed seedling emergence, delay the time of emergence, and allow the crop to gain an initial advantage in terms of early vigor over weeds.

Keywords: Crop rotation; Intercropping; Residue; Weed ecology; Weed management; Zero-till.

To cite this article: Chauhan B.S., Singh R.G., Mahajan G. (2012). Ecology and management of weeds under conservation agriculture: A review, Crop Protection, 38: 57-65.

Control of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, by specific insecticides and by conventional and organic crop protection programs Van Timmeren S., Isaacs R. Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive insect pest that has spread into many fruit production regions of the world. Strategies to protect fruit from infestation by this insect are currently dominated by insecticide applications, so producers need information on relative efficacy and residual activity of insecticides to be able to select effective treatments. Semi-field bioassays in which highbush blueberry shoots with berries were treated then exposed to adult flies at different times after application revealed that fresh residues of organophosphate, pyrethroid, and spinosyn

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insecticides have strong initial activity on flies, with varying levels of residual protection against fruit infestation. An organic pyrethrum insecticide was not effective, whereas the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid was found to have activity for up to five days. Rainfall after application greatly reduced the level of control achieved by some insecticides. Fieldscale evaluation of conventional and organic spray programs initiated in response to capture of D.suzukii flies in monitoring traps indicated that both types of management provide significant fruit protection compared to untreated fields, with less larval detection in the conventionally-produced berries.

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Keywords: Bioassay; Entomology; Fieldwork; Fly; Fruit; Insecticide; Integrated pest management; Invasive species; Organic farming; Rainfall.

To cite this article: Van Timmeren S., Isaacs R. (2013).

Control of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, by specific insecticides and by conventional and organic crop protection programs, Crop Protection, 54: 126-133.

Recent advances in RNA interference research in insects: Implications for future insect pest management strategies Gu L., Knipple D.C. The manipulation of the posttranscriptional gene silencing phenomenon known as RNA interference (RNAi), demonstrated more than a decade ago in the genetic model systems Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas (Fire et al., 1998) and Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Kennerdell and Carthew, 1998), has provided a powerful reverse genetic tool for the elucidation of gene function. Since its discovery, myriad reports have been published describing efforts to apply RNAi approaches in insect species lacking well developed genetics or characterized genomes.

Here we review recent progress in this area, focusing in particular on several recent landmark studies that demonstrate the potential practical value of this gene silencing technique for the development of new tools for the management of insect pests of agriculture.

Keywords: High throughput screening; Microbial insecticide; RNA interference; Systemic RNAi; Transgenic crop plants.

To cite this article: Gu L., Knipple D.C. (2013). Recent advances in RNA interference research in insects: Implications for future insect pest management strategies, Crop Protection, 45: 36-40.

Allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems Jabran K., Mahajan G., Sardana V., Chauhan B.S. Weeds are a hidden foe for crop plants, interfering with

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their functions and suppressing their growth and development. Yield losses of ~34% are caused by weeds among the major crops, which are grown worldwide. These yield losses are higher than the losses caused by other pests in the crops. Sustainable weed management is needed in the wake of a huge decline in crop outputs due to weed pressure. A diversity in weed management tools ensures sustainable weed control and reduces chances of herbicide resistance development in weeds.

Allelopathy as a tool, can be importantly used to combat the challenges of environmental pollution and herbicide resistance development. This review article provides a recent update regarding the practical application of allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems. Several studies elaborate on the significance of allelopathy for weed management.

Rye, sorghum, rice, sunflower, rape seed, and wheat have been documented as important allelopathic crops.

These crops express their allelopathic potential by releasing allelochemicals which not only suppress weeds, but also promote underground microbial activities. Crop cultivars with allelopathic potentials can be grown to suppress weeds under field conditions.

Further, several types of allelopathic plants can be intercropped with other crops to smother weeds. The use of allelopathic cover crops and mulches can reduce weed pressure in field crops. Rotating a routine crop with an allelopathic crop for one season is another method of allelopathic weed control. Importantly, plant breeding can be explored to improve the allelopathic potential of crop cultivars. In conclusion, allelopathy can be utilized for suppressing weeds in field crops. Allelopathy has a pertinent significance for ecological, sustainable, and integrated weed management systems.

Keywords: Allelopathic activity; Allelopathy; Crop improvement; Weed management; Weeds; Yield losses.

To cite this article: Jabran K., Mahajan G., Sardana V., Chauhan B.S. (2015). Allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems, Crop Protection, 72: 57-65.

A review on the use of essential oils for postharvest decay control and maintenance of fruit quality during storage Sivakumar D., Bautista-BaĂąos S. Postharvest diseases are one of the major causes for the postharvest loss of horticultural fresh produce during the supply chain. The incidence of postharvest diseases can affect the quality and restrict the shelf life of the horticultural fresh produce. At present strict regulations are enforced by the fresh produce importing countries regarding the minimum pesticide residue levels in the edible portion of the fresh produce. Some fungal pathogens were reported to develop resistance to synthetic fungicides. Waste

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Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari disposal of fungicides has an impact on environmental footprint. All theses above-mentioned reasons have necessitated the search for a natural novel fungicide to replace the synthetic fungicide application in the packing line as postharvest treatment.Consumer preference to organic fresh produce is increasingly becoming popular in the developed countries.

Therefore, this review summarises the use of essential oils in the control of postharvest diseases of horticultural commodities, their mode of actions, effects on the defence mechanism and quality of fresh fruit. Future research must be focused on conducting large scale trials to prove the feasibility of combination treatments. The cost benefit analysis of the treatments needs to be carried out in order to implement their application and the commercial applications of essential oils and host pathogen infection must be investigated in detail in order to control latent infections during postharvest storage.

Keywords: Decay control; Essential oils; Fruits; Postharvest pathogens.

To cite this article: Sivakumar D., Bautista-BaĂąos S. (2014). A review on the use of essential oils for postharvest decay control and maintenance of fruit quality during storage, Crop Protection, 64: 27-37.

Inconsequential effect of nutritional treatments on huanglongbing control, fruit quality, bacterial titer and disease progress Gottwald T.R., Graham J.H., Irey M.S., McCollum T.G., Wood B.W. The use of an enhanced nutritional programs (ENPs) to minimize the deleterious effects of the vector transmitted bacterial disease, citrus huanglongbing (HLB) caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), has been a topic of considerable discussion and debate since the discovery of HLB in Florida. Most reports of the putative effects of ENPs are either anecdotal or based on non-replicated trials lacking non-treated controls or proper experimental design and analysis with sufficient statistical rigor. Even so, Florida citrus producers use this unproven and nonvalidated approach for HLB management in lieu of conventional integrated control of inoculum which includes rouging symptomatic trees to reduce inoculum and vector control using insecticide. The formulation of the ENPs varies considerably, but usually consists of foliar applications of standard essential micronutrients, salts of phosphite, and in some programs, salicylate salts. Two field trials were conducted on Valencia sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] to test efficacy of widely used ENPs. The first trial consisting of a randomized complete block design with 3 blocks and 4 replicate trees/block was conducted from 2008 to 2010. All trees were PCR+ for Las at the onset of the trial, but exhibited only mild HLB symptoms. This stage of infection was chosen

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based on claims that the ENPs maintain the health and productivity of HLB-infected trees, thereby extending the orchard's commercial viability. Combinations of components were compared with a control consisting of a standard fertilization and control program for psyllids. Additional treatments consisted of phosphite with Mn-carbonate, Mn-metalosate, Cu-metalosate, or Zn-metalosate, and injection treatments using soluble copper or silver mixed with a polymer. After two seasons of three applications each, there were no significant differences in bacterial titer dynamics, fruit yield (number of fruit/tree, kg fruit/tree, proportion of fruit dropped), or juice quality (Brix, acid, Brix:acid ratio) between treated trees and non-treated control trees. In a second trial of six commercial citrus blocks containing 40,885 trees wherein enhanced vector control and rouging of diseased trees was practiced, the ENP in three blocks was compared to conventional fertilization in three blocks. In this commercial trial, yields, disease progress, and epidemic dynamics did not differ between the ENP and conventional fertilization treatments.

Keywords: Bacterial titer; Disease management; Fruit yield and quality; Metallic ion bactericides; Nutrient elements; Systemic acquired resistance.

To cite this article: Gottwald T.R., Graham J.H., Irey M.S., McCollum T.G., Wood B.W. (2012).

Inconsequential effect of nutritional treatments on huanglongbing control, fruit quality, bacterial titer and disease progress, Crop Protection, 36: 73-82.

Spray drift review: The extent to which a formulation can contribute to spray drift reduction Hilz E., Vermeer A.W.P. Mitigation of risk arising from spray drift in Europe is achieved mostly by implementation of no-spray buffer zones and the use of approved drift-reducing techniques. Although physicochemical properties of spray solutions are known to influence spray drift, they are not yet incorporated into regulatory risk assessments at the European level. In this review we give a systematic report on the relevant physical properties of agricultural spray liquids and how these influence spray characteristics. According to the data reported in literature, it can be concluded that not only spray-mix additives but also certain formulation types can be used to reduce spray drift. To complete the picture, existing drift mitigation techniques and conditions have been reviewed along with measuring equipment which is commonly used to characterize agricultural sprays and the droplet size-related biological aspects of the application process. In a final step, we discuss the possibility of estimating drift risk based on the physicochemical properties of spray liquids induced by different formulation types.

Keywords: Agricultural spray; Pesticide formulation;

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Spray atomization; Spray drift; Risk assessment.

To cite this article: Hilz E., Vermeer A.W.P. (2013).

Spray drift review: The extent to which a formulation can contribute to spray drift reduction, Crop Protection, 44: 75-83.

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Transmission characteristics of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus by rice planthoppers Pu L., Xie G., Ji C., Ling B., Zhang M., Xu D., Zhou G. Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is a recently proposed distinct species in the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae. During the past decade, SRBSDV has spread throughout southern China and northern Vietnam, and has become one of the greatest threats to rice production in these regions. We evaluated three common planthopper species affecting rice: white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera), brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) and small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) to determine their virus transmission abilities. It was confirmed that WBPH was an efficient persistent-transmitting vector for SRBSDV. Neither BPH nor SBPH were viral vectors, although a small proportion (3.7%) of tested SBPH acquired the virus from diseased rice. We characterized the virus transmission properties of WBPH. 83% of the tested insects fed on virus-infected rice plants became viruliferous. The minimum virus acquisition and inoculation access periods were 5 and 30 min, respectively, for both WBPH nymphs and adults. The circulative transmission periods of the virus in WBPH ranged from 6 to 14 days, and most viruliferous individuals transmitted the virus in intermittent periods ranging from 2 to 6 days. A single individual of WBPH could infect 8-25 rice plants with the virus in a 5-day period. WBPH could transmit SRBSDV from rice to maize seedlings, but it was barely able to acquire the virus from infected maize.

These results improve our understanding of the epidemiology of SRBSDV, and will be useful for development of disease control strategies.

Keywords: Brown planthopper; Small brown planthopper; Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus; White-backed planthopper.

To cite this article: Pu L., Xie G., Ji C., Ling B., Zhang M., Xu D., Zhou G. (2012). Transmission characteristics of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus by rice planthoppers, Crop Protection, 41: 71-76.

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Fahrenheit 451: lettura solidale per una libreria indipendente Il Progetto Fahrenheit 451 è una libreria indipendente di Roma, affacciata sulla storica piazza di Campo de' Fiori.

Fondata da Catia Gabrielli nel 1989 è ancora oggi gestita da lei, insieme ad Angelo e Gabriele, e fa parte del panorama culturale della città. Già il luogo è significativo: in Campo de' Fiori, il 17 febbraio 1600, arse il rogo di Giordano Bruno; la sua statua, al centro della piazza, guarda con severità i passanti e ricorda loro l'eterna libertà del pensiero. Un altro rogo è quello dei libri descritto nel romanzo di Ray Bradbury e nel successivo film di François Truffaut. La metafora è chiarissima: distruggendo la cultura si uccide il pensiero e si snatura l'umanità.

Margherita Piazzi (pseudonimo), cliente ma soprattutto amica da sempre di Fahrenheit, dedica l'anteprima del suo romanzo a sostegno della libreria.

La ringraziamo di cuore e vi chiediamo un gesto solidale per risollevarci e andare avanti con dignità. In cambio offriamo questo libro che corrisponde ai nostri sogni e ai nostri ideali.

Il Romanzo della Comune © - La Comune di Parigi, proclamata nel marzo del 1871, fu una forma di coraggioso autogoverno, un esperimento politico, un'irripetibile stagione di fermento intellettuale ed artistico. Il popolo insorto contro l'esercito prussiano invasore e quello francese traditore della patria si difese eroicamente dall'assedio, ma alla fine dovette cedere quando le forze nemiche riuscirono a penetrare in città. La Comune durò tre mesi e si concluse con un massacro. INCIPIT Lo trovò riverso sulla seggiola, il gomito ancora appoggiato alla scrivania e i capelli nerissimi che gli coprivano il volto. Edith spalancò gli occhi e si mise a urlare. E urlava chiedendo aiuto mentre scendeva le scale. Sotto, alla porta della locanda, cominciò a raccogliersi gente. Un paio di uomini salirono nella mansarda e poi scesero: “Gli hanno sparato. Due fori nella schiena”.

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Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari Il morto si chiamava Eugéne ed aveva venticinque anni. Da quasi due mesi si era stabilito nella Locanda del Vento, che Edith mandava avanti con piglio ed energia, ma durante la giornata lo si vedeva raramente. La sera invece spesso arrivavano amici per cene sempre più scarse e discussioni sempre più accese. Erano i giorni febbrili della Comune e loro appartenevano ad una di quelle generazioni entusiaste, piene di ideali e di coraggio che ogni tanto, in tempi e luoghi diversi, compaiono sulla faccia della terra.

Nel frattempo erano arrivati i gendarmi, sospettosi quanto inesperti perché nella vita facevano tutt'altro.

Ma nella Parigi del 1871 ad un operaio poteva capitare di ritrovarsi fra le forze dell'ordine. Edith cercava di rispondere, anche se la testa era da un'altra parte.

“Eugéne Leclerc. Sì, ha cenato qui ieri sera. No, non era solo, c'erano parecchi altri compagni, che però dopo mezzanotte se ne sono andati”. “Mah, non mi sono accorta che qualcuno sia rimasto”. “Non so di preciso da dove venga, ma sicuramente dal Midi”. E intanto pensava ad Arlette, la giovane servetta, che sarebbe arrivata di lì a poco. Come dirglielo? Fra loro era sbocciata, da subito, una grande passione.

Per Edith, Arlette era quasi una figlia o una sorella minore. L'aveva presa con sé quando era bambina, figlia di una vecchia amica debole di mente che dopo aver messo al mondo una quantità di infelici senza riuscire a sfamarli aveva finito i suoi giorni alla Salp ȇ trière. Questo, dieci anni prima ed ora Arlette ne aveva venti. Un fiore di ragazza, forse un po' magra, con i capelli scuri e corti e la carnagione trasparente, su cui parecchi ospiti della locanda mettevano gli occhi. Ma lei era seria, laboriosa, timorata di Dio. Però anche vivace, esuberante, curiosa, pronta ad innamorarsi di chi le fosse davvero piaciuto. Eugéne, appunto. E ora?

Eccola apparire all'angolo della piazzetta, aggrottare la fronte e farsi largo tra la folla. “Arlette, è successa una disgrazia”. Gli occhi verdi guardano spaventati e diventano grigi. “Arlette no, non puoi salire”. E infatti le guardie sbarrano la strada. “Arlette, Eugéne è morto, gli hanno sparato alla schiena”. Arlette non capisce ma cade su di sé e se fosse un uccello le piume si spargerebbero intorno.

Edith tenta di occuparsi di lei, ma i gendarmi non hanno finito con le domande. Allora alcune donne sollevano Arlette e la portano in una casa vicina, la bella, grande e un po' buia casa di Marthe. La stendono su un divano e cercano i sali per farla riprendere. Ora,

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nel grande incendio della Comune, un piccolo focolaio di dolore particolare si è acceso nella piazzetta di rue des Carmes.

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Perché Eugéne è stato ucciso? Quale sarà la sorte di Arlette? La nobildonna Marthe riuscirà a salvare il valoroso Jean? Edith e il suo compagno Gilbert si ritroveranno? Ma soprattutto, chi ha tradito il popolo di Parigi e aperto il varco ai nemici?

Questi e altri personaggi si incontrano, si perdono, si amano e si odiano negli ultimi, spasmodici giorni della Comune.

Prenota la tua copia del “Romanzo della Comune” e sostieni il progetto.

ROMA, Mediterraneo al Cinema: al via la II edizione L'UNIMED è lieta di annunciare la seconda edizione di: MEDITERRANEO AL CINEMA LEZIONI DI STORIA AL FARNESE UNA DOMENICA AL MESE h. 10.30 – 13.00 Cinema Farnese - Roma, Piazza Campo de' Fiori Ingresso libero e gratuito fino ad esaurimento posti Il primo appuntamento che dà il via alla seconda edizione -JIHADISMO E JIHADISTI IN EUROPA: RADICI STORICHE, PROSPETTIVE FUTURE- si terrà domenica 12 novembre e sarà tenuto da Claudio Lo Jacono, Alberto Negri e Marco Di Donato.

Il ciclo di incontri di Storia del Mediterraneo è organizzato dall'UNIMED in collaborazione con il cinema Farnese, la libreria Fahrenheit 451, la casa editrice Castelvecchi e con il patrocinio di Agiscuola.

Le lezioni hanno sempre luogo a Roma nelle sale del cinema Farnese, sito in piazza Campo de' Fiori e gli appuntamenti, domenicali, hanno cadenza mensile.

L'iniziativa è rivolta ad un pubblico ampio e non di specialisti.

Le lezioni avranno inizio alle ore 11.00 ma per esigenze logistiche sarà possibile iniziare la registrazione all'ingresso del cinema già dalle 10.30.

Per ulteriori informazioni circa l'iniziativa, è possibile scrivere a unimed@uni-med.net .

Clicca qui per scaricare il calendario completo della manifestazione.

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Newsletter Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari DOCUMENTATION CENTRE - CIHEAM BARI International Day for Universal Access to Information 2017: A Day to Celebrate the Essential Work of Libraries For libraries, the contribution of access to information to building stronger, fairer and better societies is obvious. They are a place whith no barriers to getting hold of the knowledge needed to learn, innovate and create, or simply take the right decisions.

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Even as information has become abundant, it is clear not only that libraries are trusted, but that they are particularly essential for the groups most in need of a hand-up. This is because access is about more than just having the book, the journal, the computer or the mobile in front of you, but it is also about being able to find relevant content, to understand and apply it, and to have the skills and freedom to create your own.

This access cannot be taken for granted. There are still great challenges associated with getting the remaining four billion people online. To give them the skills and confidence necessary to take advantage of the opportunities, to ensure the availability of local content, and to guarantee to all that they can exercise the right to free expression will take further efforts. But they will be worth it.

Beyond Government Information The International Day for the Universal Access to Information originally focused on access to government information – how was money being spent, how were decisions being taken. This contributes strongly to ensuring that public authorities are genuinely focused on serving the public. Libraries play a significant role here, as centres where people

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can access government information, as trusted repositories of historic and current documents, and as catalysts for civic engagement.

In its Development and Access to Information (DA2I) report, IFLA has taken a broader view. It has argued that access to all types of information – government documents, academic research, news, market data, educational content, social media – needs to be taken into account if individuals are to benefit fully, and the Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved.

This is both about information on those who govern – in order to improve policies and their implementation – but also on crucial everyday matters, such as health, agriculture, job opportunities and training.

You can find out more about the report in our recorded webinar – this is available in English, French and Spanish. In addition, IFLA's community will be sharing what development and access to information means to them today on social media, under the hashtags #DA2I, #Lib4Dev and #AccessToInfoDay. All Can Contribute to Providing Access for All IFLA therefore encourages governments, businesses and civil society to work together to promote access – inclusive and meaningful access, to all types of information – as a driver of development. In libraries, they will find both strong supporters and willing partners. IFLA's Development and Access to Information report, developed in partnership with TASCHA, offers both evidence of initiatives that work, and baselines which will allow all partners to measure progress. We encourage all to use this and the associated materials, and look forward to hearing your ideas.

Libraries Essential to Creating Informed, Independent, Information Literate Citizens Media and information literacy (MIL) plays a key role in giving people the ability to find, understand, evaluate and create information. Libraries have a long expertise in helping users of all ages, in all situations do this, in order to create, innovate, and improve their lives. IFLA attended this year's Global MIL Week feature conference in Jamaica in order to underline this point in front of an international audience.

IFLA President spoke in the opening session, alonside UNESCO Assistant Director-General Frank La Rue, and Jamaican Minister for Culture, Olivia Grange. She stressed the unique challenges we face today, with many calling for censorship and shutdowns as a means of taming the Internet, as well as the unique potential of libraries to provide an alterative – informed, critical, independent people, able to make their own decisions about what they see.

IFLA Secretary General Gerald Leitner moderated a session looking at libraries, media and information

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literacy and the SDGs. Alongside representatives of school and academic libraries, he underlined that empowering individuals with information – and the skills to use it – would be key to the people-centred development promoted by the UN. IFLA section member Sheila Webber gave examples of how information literacy serves people throughout their lives, while chair of the Information Literacy Section Lisa Hinchliffe underlined how libraries, through information literacy, could turn people from downloaders into uploaders, not just able to receive, but also to contribute to democracy, innovation and creation.

IFLA International Leaders Programme Associate Robin Kear set out a vision on how libraries contribute to Internet universality, while Manager of Policy and Advocacy Stephen Wyber explained why information literacy could play a particular role in empowering women.

The IFLA team was also proud to meet with a team representing the whole library field in Jamaica, kindly hosted by the National Library. IFLA Secretary General Gerald Leitner explained the Global Vision, and encouraged everyone to play an active role in delivering it. The Jamaican team, who have already seen libraries integrated into their own national development plan under the UN's 2030 Agenda, set out their efforts to coordinate advocacy efforts and so maximise their impact.

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(l-r) Beverley Lashley, National Librarian of Jamaica, Glòria Pérez-Salmeròn, President of IFLA, Joy Douglas, Board Chairman, National Library of Jamaica, Gerald Leitner, IFLA Secretary-General

IFLA Journal is an international journal publishing peer reviewed articles on library and information services and the social, political and economic issues that impact access to information through libraries.

The Journal publishes research, case studies and essays that reflect the broad spectrum of the profession internationally.

Editor: Steven W. Witt Frequency: Quarterly ISSN: 0340-0352 eISSN: 1745-2651 Contents: Volume 43, No.4 (December 2017) Editorial An evidence base for IFLA's global vision 319 Steven W. Witt Articles Making sense of the future of libraries 321 D a n D o r n e r, J e n n i f e r Campbell-Meier and Iva Seto Building a successful reading culture through the school library: A case study of a Singapore secondary s c h o o l 3 3 5 Chin Ee Loh, Mary Ellis, Agnes Alcantara Paculdar

Meeting with Jamaican Libraries, National Library of Jamaica

Out Now: December 2017 issue of IFLA Journal Volume 43, No.4 (December 2017) IFLA Journal is an international journal publishing peer reviewed articles on library and information services and the social, political and economic issues that impact access to information through libraries.

The Journal publishes research, case studies and essays that reflect the broad spectrum of the profession internationally.

and Zhong Hao Wan Preserving cultural products: Libraries, context, technology in the English-speaking Caribbean 348 Cherry-Ann Smart First-year international graduate students' transition to using a United States university library 361 Liz Cooper and Hilary Hughes Evolution of legal deposit in New Zealand: From print to digital heritage 379 Jhonny Antonio Pabo´n Cadavid

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Environment : European Green Capital 2017 – Essen

focus on the removal of pharmaceuticals according to the watch list of the Water Framework Directive demonstrate ambition and innovation. Essen also leads by example in the field of integrated environmental management with the implementation of green public procurement and the use of initiatives such as Ökoprofit and KAKTUS.

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Essen's Presentation

European Green Capitals Esperienze di rigenerazione urbana sostenibile a cura di Giuseppe Cappochin, Massimiliano Botti, Giovanni Furlan, Sergio Lironi COPYRIGHT RUPERT OBERHAEUSER Essen is the ninth largest city in Germany with 574,000 inhabitants and an increasing population density.

Located in the Ruhr Area in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, its industrial history was closely linked to underground coal-mining operations which began in the early 19th century. The last colliery was closed in 1986 and since then Essen has developed into a services and financial centre which provides employment for approximately 80% of the workforce and brings an additional 140,000 commuters to the city every day.

The City is making admirable efforts to establish itself as a 'City in transformation' that is overcoming a challenging industrial history to reinvent itself as a 'Green City' and a leading example for others. The City credits its citizens and their ability to change as key to this success and this ethos is visible through their application tag line “ESSENtials – changing the way we act”.

Nature and Biodiversity Essen has built green and blue corridors within the city and is investing in green infrastructure which has been demonstrated through the development of the Krupp Belt.

The city of Essen has implemented a range of practices to protect and enhance nature and biodiversity. Future plans focus not only on the greening of the city but also on the promotion of biodiversity in new green areas and in particular on species which are resilient to climate change.

Integrated Environmental Management Essen also demonstrates a consistently strong overall performance across many of the other indicator areas including climate change, green urban areas, air quality, waste management and energy performance.

An integrated initiative of particular note is the conversion of Emscher system, which has received a number of awards to date. The planned improvements to the wastewater treatment system include the reduction of emissions of micropollutants and the

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Il premio European Green Capital attribuisce, da parte della Commissione Europea, un riconoscimento alle città con più di 100.000 abitanti che si siano distinte per una pianificazione territoriale intelligente e per l'adozione di soluzioni volte a r e n d e r e maggiormente ecocompatibile l'ambiente urbano, a s v i l u p p a r e un'economia sostenibile e a garantire una buona qualità della vita per i propri abitanti. EcoCité, ville de demain, iniziativa francese del Ministere du logement, de l'egalité des territories et de la ruralité, favorisce l'aggregazione delle amministrazioni locali per affrontare tematiche ambientali ed ecologiche, non limitandosi a un riconoscimento formale delle buone performance ambientali di un territorio, ma erogando finanziamenti ad hoc. Dal dicembre 2015 al settembre 2016 alcuni dei protagonisti delle trasformazioni urbane di città che dal 2010 sono diventate Capitali Verdi d'Europa (Amburgo, Nantes, Bristol, Lubiana, Essen) o Ecocité (Grenoble), hanno animato le giornate di studio della settima edizione della Biennale Internazionale di Architettura "Barbara Cappochin". Questa libro racconta, attraverso la loro voce e il contributo multidisciplinare di studiosi e rappresentanti di centri di ricerca e istituzioni italiane, le strategie e le buone pratiche che hanno permesso a molte realtà urbane europee, a volte lontane dai grandi centri di interesse geopolitico del continente, di diventare fucina di innovazione. Città il cui disegno attuale, a ben vedere, non appartiene al mondo delle possibilità da esplorare, ma rappresenta il risultato di coraggio, capacità di pianificazione nel lungo periodo, visione strategica: gli elementi che sono alla base di qualsiasi credibile processo di rigenerazione reale del costruito e dei territori.

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Luigi Sisto e-mail: l.sisto@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606265 Editorial board: Giuseppe Inchingolo e-mail: inchingolog@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606269 Wanda Occhialini e-mail: occhialini@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606266 Graphic design and layout: Fabio La Notte e-mail: lanotte@iamb.it Tel.080/4606221 Editor-in-chief:

La presente newsletter non viene considerata una “testata giornalistica” e neppure un “prodotto editoriale” ai sensi della legge n° 62 del 7.03.2001. I testi e le immagini inserite nella sezione “news” sono tratte da siti internet e, pertanto, considerate di pubblico dominio. Tuttavia i curatori della presente si impegnano a citarne le fonti tramite link ai siti web di riferimento non ritenendosi quindi responsabili del loro contenuto che può essere soggetto a variazioni nel tempo.

This newsletter is neither deemed to be a “newspaper” nor an “editorial product” under the terms of law no. 62 of 7 March 2001. Texts and images in the “news” section are taken from Internet websites and are thus considered to be in the public domain. However, the editors of this newsletter are committed to quote the sources through links to the reference websites and, therefore, they shall not be held liable for their content that may be subject to possible changes over time.

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