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Sommario
Recensioni “FAO Repository Library - Food and nutrition” pag. 5 - 8 Recensioni “FAO Repository Library - Agriculture” pag. 9 Recensioni “FAO Repository Library - Fisheries and Aquaculture” pag. 10 Recensioni “FAO Repository Library - Gender and Development” pag. 10 Recensioni “Organic Agriculture” pag. 11 Recensioni “Miscellaneous” pag. 12
Responsabile: Luigi Sisto A cura di: Giuseppe Inchingolo Wanda Occhialini Progetto grafico ed impaginazione: Fabio La Notte
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Le gazze ladre Un piano stava prendendo forma nella sua mente quando passarono davanti alla biblioteca pubblica nel centro di Reims. Aveva già notato l'edificio in precedenza. Era un piccolo gioiello, una costruzione art déco di pietra marrone chiaro, che si ergeva nel mezzo di un piccolo giardino. “Le dispiacerebbe far fermare un attimo la macchina, maggiore Weber?” disse. Weber biascicò un ordine all'autista. “Avete degli attrezzi nel cofano?” “Non ne ho idea” rispose Weber. “Perché?” “Certo, maggiore” intervenne l'autista. “Abbiamo la cassetta dei ferri come da regolamento” “C'è un martello piuttosto grande?” “Sì” rispose l'autista. “Ci metterò solo un momento” disse Dieter, e scese dall'auto. L'autista gli porse un martello dal manico lungo e una massiccia testa d'acciaio. Dieter passò davanti a un busto di Andrew Carnegie e si avviò verso la biblioteca che, ovviamente, era chiusa e avvolta nell'oscurità. Le porte di vetro erano protette da una grata di ferro battuto molto lavorata. Dieter girò attorno all'edificio e trovò una normale porta di legno con su scritto archivio municipale, che dava nel seminterrato. Dieter sferrò una martellata mirando alla serratura, che cedette solo al quarto colpo. Entrò e accese le luci. Salì di corsa una scala che portava al piano principale e attraversò l'atrio, diretto alla sezione Narrativa. Trovò le opere di Flaubert e prese una copia del libro che stava cercando, Madame Bovary. Non fu un colpo di fortuna: quella doveva essere l'unica opera francese disponibile in ogni biblioteca del paese. Aprì il libro al capitolo nove e trovò il passaggio cui stava pensando. Sì, ricordava giusto: gli sarebbe stato molto utile. Tornò alla macchina. Goedel aveva un'aria confusa. “Volevi qualcosa da leggere?” disse Weber, incredulo. “A volte ho
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difficoltà a addormentarmi” ribaté Dieter. Goedel rise. Prese il libro dalle mani di Dieter e guardò il titolo. “Un classico della letteratura mondiale” osservò. “Ma credo sia la prima volta che qualcuno fa irruzione di notte in una biblioteca solo per prenderlo in prestito”. Ken Follett (da: Le gazze ladre, 2001)
Guidelines for Planning the Digitization of Rare Book and Manuscript Collection by IFLA Rare Books and Manuscripts Section Publisher: IFLA Digitization guidelines have proliferated in many forms over the last fifteen years, and all of them reflect a set of best practices that continues to evolve. These guidelines a t t e m p t t o complement this body of knowledge by addressing the specific needs related to planning digitization projects for rare and special collections. They are written from the point-of-view of special collection managers, rare book librarians, curators, and researchers who study the
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physical object as an artefact bearing intrinsic historical evidence as much as for the intellectual content that it contains. Foreshadowing the needs of users who are now conducting digital-based research that requires full-text analysis or large aggregations of “big data,” these guidelines will also help professionals and nonprofessionals create sustainable and adaptable digital collections that will be re-useable and continue to have research value into the future.
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Carta del lettore La Carta del lettore nasce dall'esigenza di riconoscere il ruolo sociale di librerie, biblioteche e scuole nella complessa attività di promozione della lettura. In un grande paese come l'Italia il giusto peso e il rilievo dato ai luoghi della lettura può aiutare la crescita culturale ed economica e favorire lo sviluppo di una società aperta e solidale. Nel nostro paese più della metà della popolazione non legge neanche un libro all'anno. Per allargare le basi della lettura è fondamentale che in ogni area della nazione ci siano librerie ben rifornite, biblioteche pubbliche accessibili e organizzate, scuole aperte al territorio. In questo momento le biblioteche e le scuole hanno sempre meno risorse e personale, mentre le librerie sono in grande difficoltà per l'assenza di un quadro normativo coerente con l'esigenza di sviluppare un ambiente favorevole alla lettura: la nuova Legge Levi, che disciplina solo il prezzo di vendita dei libri cartacei, non è infatti riuscita a incidere significativamente sulla situazione, che anzi è peggiorata per effetto della crisi economica. La Carta del lettore vuole creare un legame forte tra librerie, biblioteche e scuole, tre elementi indispensabili per gettare le basi di un nuovo Rinascimento italiano fondato sulla centralità della conoscenza, dell'apprendimento e della lettura. Perché una nuova carta, non ne esistono già troppe? La Carta del lettore mira a dare visibilità al composito sodalizio dei lettori italiani: ai lettori forti, che stanno arretrando sotto il peso delle difficoltà economiche, e a quelli meno forti, deboli o saltuari. Essa intende stimolare l'orgoglio di essere lettori, di venire allo scoperto per dichiarare pubblicamente la propria fede nella cultura del testo, di riconoscere nella lettura un valore collettivo e nei luoghi della lettura un valore sociale che merita di essere posto al centro delle politiche culturali e di sviluppo. La Carta del lettore si rivolge agli italiani che credono nel valore della lettura, che desiderano vivere in un paese con librerie diffuse in ogni regione, con biblioteche ben finanziate e funzionanti e con scuole moderne, dotate di risorse economiche e professionali per una didattica d'eccellenza. La carta del lettore esprime l'idea che i libri, cartacei e digitali, in quanto veicoli di cultura e di conoscenza, siano uno dei principali motori della nostra nazione. Perché questo avvenga è necessario sensibilizzare la popolazione per far capire che nel mercato del libro sono necessari tanti attori per garantire anche un'offerta
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diversificata. Non si può far morire la rete di librerie indipendenti, anzi bisogna sostenerle e favorire la nascita di altre perché sono la garanzia per la sopravvivenza di molti editori indipendenti. Non si può lasciare che le biblioteche pubbliche scivolino nell'irrilevanza per effetto del disinteresse istituzionale e di politiche miopi, che confidano nel potere salvifico di internet invece di valorizzare un'istituzione che ha tutte le carte in regola per accompagnare i cittadini alla conquista di livelli di competenza informativa adeguati alle sfide del presente. Molto sta cambiando con l'era digitale ma il libro cartaceo e i suoi mediatori sono destinati a rimanere per molto tempo al centro di un panorama di offerta sempre più diversificato e popolato da nuovi prodotti e nuovi attori. La Carta del lettore si potrà acquistare in tutte le librerie che aderiscono all'iniziativa e in alcune biblioteche al costo di 10 euro. Acquistarla significherà sottoscrivere e riconoscere il ruolo sociale di librerie e biblioteche. Sarà anche una tessera multiservizi che darà agevolazioni su tutto il territorio nazionale per l'accesso a musei, teatri, cinema, concerti e mostre. Si potranno sottoscrivere due tipi di tessere: · CartalettoriAdulti · CartalettoriGiovani fino a 26 anni con la possibilità di scegliersi un libro del valore di 12 euro, scelto fra quelli messi a disposizione dagli editori che sostengono il progetto. Le risorse raccolte saranno gestite dall'Associazione Italiana Biblioteche, che le utilizzerà per sostenere campagne e progetti di promozione della lettura e l'attività di biblioteche, scuole e librerie. L'intento non è quello di raccogliere risorse sostitutive del finanziamento pubblico ma di avere risorse a supporto di una politica di promozione della lettura pensata e gestita “dal basso” che in Italia, malgrado gli sforzi di molti, stenta a decollare. Acquistare la Carta del lettore significherà: 1. Riconoscere il valore sociale dei luoghi della lettura: biblioteche, librerie e scuole 2. Creare un legame forte e di sostegno tra biblioteche e librerie che si integrano e non sono in competizione: dove funzionano le biblioteche funzionano anche le librerie 3 Favorire la nascita di nuove biblioteche e nuove librerie 4. Favorire la bibliodiversità 5.Stimolare le biblioteche ad acquistare i libri nelle librerie 6. Stimolare le librerie a predisporre servizi dedicati alle biblioteche 7. Permettere alle librerie di entrare appieno nella scuole con i loro contributi formativi 8. Coinvolgere gli scrittori e operatori del libri nel favorire sempre di più il rapporto biblioteche, librerie e scuole. La Carta del lettore è stata presentata il 13 maggio al Salone del libro di Torino da Stefano Parise (presidente dell'Aib) , Tommaso De Luca (Dirigente Scolastico), e Rocco Pinto (libraio), curatore e ideatore del progetto [fonte AIB]
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L E T T U R A D I G I TA L E I N BIBLIOTECA
anche per gli e-book. [fonte AIB]
L'Associazione Italiana Biblioteche, aderendo alla campagna di sensibilizzazione “The right to e-read”, intende promuovere presso i cittadini e le istituzioni il tema della lettura digitale in biblioteca. La campagna persegue l'obiettivo di ottenere una riforma della legislazione in materia di diritto d'autore chiara, in grado di fornire alle biblioteche e a tutti i loro utenti l'accesso alle ricchezze della conoscenza e dell'immaginazione umana, indipendentemente dal formato e dal mezzo di comunicazione. Cosa chiede l'AIB in concreto? Chiediamo che le biblioteche possano comprare e-book a prezzi accettabili e li possano usare a condizioni ragionevoli. Il problema è che molti editori vendono gli ebook a prezzi elevati, o non li vendono affatto alle biblioteche. Chiediamo di poter offrire agli utenti delle biblioteche le edizioni più recenti, come si fa con i libri a stampa. Il problema è che alcuni editori (il 50%, secondo indagini recenti) rifiutano di fornire alle biblioteche le licenze d'uso necessarie a tale scopo. Chiediamo che tutti i cittadini, non solo quelli in grado di spendere, possano accedere liberamente al prestito di e-book nelle biblioteche pubbliche. L'attuale quadro giuridico impedisce alle biblioteche di svolgere efficacemente i loro servizi di base in ambiente digitale, in particolare per quanto riguarda l'acquisto e il prestito di e-book. Per i libri cartacei il diritto esclusivo di distribuzione si esaurisce in ambito comunitario dopo la prima vendita, il che consente a una biblioteca di selezionare e acquistare edizioni a stampa, e di prestarle agli utenti secondo le loro politiche di accesso alle collezioni, orientate alla massima soddisfazione dei bisogni del maggior numero di utenti possibili, attuali e futuri. Secondo l'interpretazione prevalente, l'accesso a contenuti online è un servizio non soggetto al regime di esaurimento comunitario, cosicché i titolari dei diritti sono liberi di decidere di volta in volta se consentire l'accesso ad un contenuto, con quali modalità, a quali condizioni tecniche ed economiche e per quanto tempo. Con questa interpretazione, saranno gli editori, e non i bibliotecari, ad avere il potere decisionale sulle collezioni e sui servizi digitali delle biblioteche. Ciò significa che le biblioteche non saranno più in grado di garantire il libero accesso ai contenuti, alle informazioni e alla cultura per i cittadini europei. Nel luglio 2012, la Corte di Giustizia europea ha tuttavia stabilito che il regime di esaurimento relativo all'acquisto di software si applica sia ai download elettronici sia ai supporti fisici. Alcuni esperti legali sostengono che il regime di esaurimento dovrebbe valere
The Lyon Declaration, one month on The Lyon Declaration on Access to Information and Development was successfully launched at the World Library and Information Congress 2014 in Lyon. Since then, over 280 organisations from across the library and development community have signed the document and called upon United Nations Member States to incorporate access to information in the new post-2015 development framework. The Declaration has now been translated into 13 languages. Following the release of the Open Working Group Outcome Documentin July, IFLA is now waiting to see what UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon will present to the UN General Assembly later this year in New York. The Secretary General is currently overseeing preparation of a 'synthesis report' that will bring together the outputs of various processes on the post-2015 development agenda and help UN Member States find a way forward in negotiations over the next twelve months. The synthesis report is expected to be released at the end of October/early November. What are the next steps? Once the synthesis report is issued it is crucial that policymakers in the capitals of UN Member States get to hear what libraries want to see in the new framework. As outlined in the Lyon Declaration, IFLA wants the United Nations to acknowledge that access to information, and the skills to use it effectively, are required for sustainable development, and to make sure that the framework's goals, targets and means of implementation reflects this. Your voice will be needed for us to achieve this goal. IFLA is currently preparing an advocacy toolkit which will help library representatives to approach decision-makers in order to talk to them about the importance of access to information in development. IFLA wants to help its members and partners to take the opportunity to position themselves inside development debates in their home countries, so that their governments recognise the value libraries bring to development. Ultimately, libraries can benefit from being included in the national plans that will implement the new development agenda from January 1st, 2016. The advocacy toolkit will be available in early October 2014. What can you do to help? ·You can sign the Lyon Declaration and add your voice to the call at the United Nations. ·You can translate the Lyon Declaration into your language and share it with colleagues in your own country.
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·You can encourage others in the library and development sectors to sign the Lyon Declaration. ·You can organise meetings with policy makers in your country and use the toolkit provided by IFLA in order to make the library voice heard on a national level. ·You can promote the principles of the Lyon Declaration throughout your network and ensure that the message gets spread as widely as possible.
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Third UNESCO World Forum on Culture and Cultural Industries Culture, Creativity and Sustainable Development: Research, Innovation, Opportunities When: 2 – 4 October 2014 Where: Florence, Italy IFLA will be represented by former IFLA President Ellen Tise The third edition of the UNESCO World Forum on Culture and Cultural Industries will take place from 2 to 4 October 2014 in Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, Italy. This event, organized in cooperation with the Italian Government and with the support of the Tuscany Region and the Municipality of Florence, will bring together governmental decision-makers, representatives of the private sector and civil society, including international experts and academics from all regions of the world. The Forum has been conceived in the framework of the high-level initiatives undertaken by UNESCO to ensure that culture is taken into account in international development policies and notably in ongoing negotiations, within the United Nations, to define the Post-2015 Development Agenda. The third edition of the Forum will be devoted to the theme: “Culture, Creativity and Sustainable Development. Research, Innovation, Opportunities”. This international encounter will pursue the following objectives: · sharing experiences and propose strategic recommendations on the role of culture and cultural industries in promoting sustainable development; · showcasing the results of the UNDG Post-2015 Dialogues on Culture and Development; and · informing the elaboration process of the Post-2015 Development Agenda of the United Nations. The Forum will be organized in plenary sessions and thematic panel discussions, devoted to the following topics: · Culture and Creativity: a Double Commitment to the Future; · Cultural Industries, Employment and Growth; · Nurturing Culture for the Sustainable Development of Urban and Rural Areas; · Innovation, Technology and Know-How for Sustainable Futures; · The Power of Culture for Inclusive Societies; · New Approaches to Measuring Change; · Investing in Culture; · Culture and the Post-2015 Development Agenda\
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«Leggendo non cerchiamo idee nuove, ma pensieri già da noi pensati, che acquistano sulla pagina un suggello di conferma. Ci colpiscono degli altri le parole che risuonano in una zona già nostra – che già viviamo – e facendola vibrare ci permettono di cogliere nuovi spunti dentro di noi.» (Cesare Pavese)
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Multicriteria-based ranking for risk management of food-borne parasites : report of a joint FAO/WHO expert meeting, 3-7 september 2012, FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy. - Rome : FAO ; World Health Organization, c2014. - xviii, 302 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. ((Microbiological Risk Assessment Series ; 23. Infectious diseases caused by food-borne parasites have not received the same level of attention as other food-borne biological and chemical hazards. Nevertheless, they cause a high burden of disease in humans, may have prolonged, severe, and sometimes fatal outcomes, and result in considerable hardship in terms of food safety, security, quality of life, and negative impacts on livelihoods. The transmission routes for food-borne parasites are diverse. They can be transmitted by ingesting fresh or processed foods that have been contaminated via the environment, by animals or people. Additionally, notification to public health authorities is not compulsory for most parasitic diseases, so official reports do not capture the true prevalence or incidence of the diseases, as much underreporting occurs. This report presents the results of a global ranking of food-borne parasites from a food safety perspective. It also provides an overview of the current status of knowledge of the ranked parasites in food and their public health and trade impact, and provides advice and guidance on the parasite-commodity combinations of particular concern, the issues that need to be addressed by risk managers, and the risk management options available to them. It documents the ranking process used to facilitate its adoption at regional, national, or local levels. This volume and others in this Microbiological Risk Assessment Series contain information that is useful to both risk assessors and risk managers, the Codex Alimentarius Commission, governments and regulatory agencies, food producers and processers and other institutions or individuals with an interest in foodborne parasites and their impact on food safety, public health and livelihoods. Improving diets and nutrition : food-based approaches / edited by Brian Thompson, Leslie Amoroso. - Rome : FAO ; Wallingford : CABI, c2014. - xlix, 403 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Nutrition-sensitive, food-based approaches towards hunger and malnutrition are effective, sustainable and long-term solutions. This book discusses the policy, strategic, methodological, technical and programmatic issues associated with such approaches, proposes “best practices” for the design, targeting, implementation and evaluation of specific nutrition-sensitive, food-based interventions and for improved methodologies for evaluating their efficacy and cost-effectiveness, and provides practical lessons for advancing nutrition-sensitive food-based approaches for improving nutrition at policy and programme level.
Plant Genetic Resources and Food Security : stakeholder perspectives on the international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture / edited by Christine Frison, Francisco López, José T. Esquinas-Alcázar. - Rome : FAO and Bioversity International, c2011. - xxx, 321 p. : ill. ((Issues in Agricultural Biodiversity. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA or the Treaty) is all about building bridges and connecting countries and people; it is about pooling collaborative, cooperative and common action. The Treaty provides a framework to allow the global community to work together for food security, adaptation to climate change and the sound management of agrobiodiversity - always keeping in focus the needs of farming communities, the poor and the hungry, and their right to food. States interacting with other states, people interacting with other people, with institutions (whether public or private), with civil society organizations, with research institutes and with commercial entities create multilateralism through their interactions. People are at the core of multilateralism. And it is this kind of collective and cooperative action, oriented towards the attainment of common goals, that the global crises facing the 21st century requires. This book intends to shed light on the institutional set up that took place during the negotiation process between contracting parties and people who made this Treaty possible. By aggregating their interests, these states have established a multilateral instrument aimed at alleviating hunger and poverty in the world. They embrace farming communities, plant breeders, civil society organizations, seed industry or state's representatives. In 2009, this book was merely an embryonic project held in the hands of a young and enthusiastic woman, driven by her will to eagerly understand how this collective action came about, and led to the birth of the Treaty. At that moment in time, the United Nations Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon and the European Commission President, José Manuel Barroso both called for 'a new multilateralism which is centred around the delivery of global public goods' to address the interrelated crises of food, energy and climate. Today, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture embodies this new paradigm of collaboration in an interdependent world. In that respect, its lessons reach far beyond the food and agriculture sectors.
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Strengthening national capacities to implement the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture : Report of the Research Planning and Training Workshop, 2-4 May 2012 / edited by Ronnie Vernooy, Michael Halewood. - Rome : Bioversity International, c2012. - 38 p. : ill. ((On the cover: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) ; front cover illustration by Guida Jessica Joseph. From 2-4 May 2012, an international research planning and training workshop took place at Bioversity Headquarters in Rome for the project “Strengthening national capacities to implement the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA)” also known as “GRPI 2.” About 20 researchers came together from seven project countries (Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Rwanda, Uganda, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Nepal; Bhutan did not attend); the Treaty Secretariat; CIAT; Universities of Reading (UK), Leuven (Belgium) and Illinois at Chicago (USA); and Bioversity International. The group finalized the research agendas to support the implementation processes in the eight countries on: policy actors and networks, germplasm flows and interdependence, technology transfer, and farmers' involvement. Climate change and food systems resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa / edited by Lim Li Ching, Sue Edwards, Nadia El-Hage Scialabba. - Rome : FAO, c2011. - vii, 436 p. : ill. ((On the cover: Third Work Network ; Institute for Sustainable Development ; FAO. This volume, Climate Change and Food Systems Resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa, demonstrates the possibility of harmonizing agricultural production with the wellbeing of the biosphere - and that this can be achieved in Africa, our biosphere's least developed continent, and the continent which is likely to suffer most from climate change. The work presented in this volume stems from a Conference on Ecological Agriculture held in Ethiopia in 2008. Through the discussions held during this Conference and field visits to Tigray, a region struck by hunger in the eighties and largely food secure today, participants shared insights on Africa's potential for intensifying its agriculture through a better use of natural resources and ecosystem services. This volume represents the collective knowledge and subsequent writings of this Conference' participants. The different chapters capitalize on assessments and experiences such as: lessons learned from Asia's Green Revolution on agricultural communities; trends in African agricultural knowledge, science and technology; trade policy impacts on food production; conditions for success of water interventions for the African rural poor; and climate change implications for agriculture and food systems. Case studies share the practical experiences, lessons and successes from across Africa, demonstrating that it is possible to produce food sufficiently and at the same time, care for the biosphere. The chapters documenting Tigray's experience in rehabilitating watersheds for local food security show us how social and environmental goods and services go hand in hand. The chapters on organic agriculture and fair trade in West Africa and Uganda demonstrate that the impacts on food security and trade need not to be negative. The chapters depicting smallholder practices for making compost and maintaining local seed supplies under low-input conditions offer guidance to communities seeking resilience. In short, this book offers hope - hope that we can continue to produce - enough nutritious food to enable us, our children and our grandchildren to live healthy lives and that our biosphere can exist in harmony with the life that it has generated. International Conference on Health Benefits of Mediterranean Diet : From scientific evidence to health prevention actions : Rome, May 18th - 21st, 2005 / edited by Donato Grego, Elio Riboli. - Rome : EGEA, 2005. -147 p. : ill. This is the third edition of EGEA, the International Conference on the Health Benefits of a Mediterranean Style Diet. Progressively, this Conference is taking an important place at the crossroads of scientific evidence and health prevention actions. The aim is to establish a consensus on an effective strategy to prevent and control chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, which are becoming, according to the World Health Organization, leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Like infectious diseases, these chronic diseases could be, and should be, prevented and controlled on a mass scale by the preservation or creation of healthy environments, including healthy food systems. Such prevention, however, faces difficulties stemming from the diversity and economic consequences of the environmental factors involved, including the changing nature and quality of food supplies, food advertising, marketing, promotion and food pricing. With the increasing number of meals taken away from home, time limitations of consumers, the food industry has responded by increasing the number of convenience foods and the availability of prepared meals, together with an increase in portion sizes and per capita availability of fat and added sugar. EGEA constitutes a unique and valuable opportunity for the convergence of multidisciplinary approaches, from basic science, health, agriculture, communication, to global prevention politicies. Two round tables are being organized to share experiences on various strategies available and to define guidelines for health nutrition policies which could be implemented at the general population level. With the participation of the best world specialists on these issues, the support of the French and Italian Ministries of Health and IARC-WHO, this conference is fully in line with the global strategy of the World Health Organization concerning nutrition, physical activity and health.
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The global benefits of eating less meat : a report for Compassion in World Farming Trust / compiled and written by Mark Gold ; foreword by Jonathon Porritt. - Hampshire : Compassion in World Farming Trust, c2004. - 78 p. : ill. (( Eat less meat ; CIWF trust, advancing farm animal welfare. In the second half of the 20th Century, worldwide meat production increate roughly fivefold; per capita consumption more than doubled. Even though the industrialisation of farming has allowed vast numbers of animals to be reared in relatively small areas, those kept in factory farms cannot forage for their own food or live on scraps or waste products - as was traditionally largely the case. Consequently, massive areas of land are given over to growing crops to feed them. Livestock production has become the world's largest user of agricultural land. The farm animal population has expanded dramatically to meet demand. Today, the growing human population - already in excess of 6 billion - shares the planet and its resources at any one time with nearly 1 billion pigs, 1.3 billion cows, 1.8 billion sheep and goats and 15.4 billion chickens. As the intensive poultry industry (in particular) spreads to and within many areas of the world, there are already twice as many chickens as there are humans on earth to eat them. Consumption of dairy produce, eggs and seafood have also increased rapidly. Before the 1990s, the vast majority of animal products were consumed in rich countries, yet in the last decade many in developing nations have also adopted what was once known as the Western diet. Even though per capita consumption of beef, pork and chicken remains at only a third of the quantities eaten in the industrial world, it has doubled in poorer countries in little more than a decade. All indications are that this trend will continue apace for the foreseeable future, encouraged by governments and large-scale international agricultural interests. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 / U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. - 7th ed., Washington DC : U.S. Government Printing Office, c2010. - xi, 95 p. : ill. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines are intended to be used in developing educational materials and aiding policymakers in designing and carrying out nutrition-related programs, including Federal nutrition assistance and education programs. The Dietary Guidelines also serve as the basis for nutrition messages and consumer materials developed by nutrition educators and health professionals for the general public and specific audiences, such as children. This document is based on the recommendations put forward by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. The Committee was composed of scientific experts who reviewed and analyzed the most current information on diet and health and incorporated it into a scientific, evidence-based report. We want to thank them and the other public and private professionals who assisted in developing this document for their hard work and dedication. Our knowledge about nutrition, the food and physical activity environment, and health continues to grow, reflecting an evolving body of evidence. It is clear that healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity are essential for normal growth and development and for reducing risk of chronic disease. The goal of the Dietary Guidelines is to put this knowledge to work by facilitating and promoting healthy eating and physical activity choices, with the ultimate purpose of improving the health of all Americans ages 2 years and older. We are releasing the seventh edition of the Dietary Guidelines at a time of rising concern about the health of the American population. Americans are experiencing an epidemic of overweight and obesity. Poor diet and physical inactivity also are linked to major causes of illness and death. To correct these problems, many Americans must make significant changes in their eating habits and lifestyles. This document recognizes that all sectors of society, including individuals and families, educators and health professionals, communities, organizations, businesses, and policymakers, contribute to the food and physical activity environments in which people live. We all have a role to play in reshaping our environment so that healthy choices are easy and accessible for all. Today, more than ever, consumers need sound advice to make informed food and activity decisions. Future Farms and Food in Europe : European Parliament, Brussels, 3rd of February, 2011 / edited by Bram Moeskops … [et al.]. - Brussels : European Parliament, 2011. - 103 p. : ill. (( The Greens : European Free Alliance in the European Parliament. It's impossible to call the current food regime sustainable, either from an ecological, social or economic viewpoint. The food regime depletes natural resources (soil, water, air, …) and contributes to climate change and loss of biodiversity. Furthermore, food production is increasingly dominated by multinational agribusinesses and supermarket chains. This results in a capital-intensive food system that leaves no room for labour. Multinational agribusinesses determine the price of seeds and fertilisers, supermarket chains determine the price of the food. For many farmers in the south, and also more and more in the north, it is difficult to generate a worthy income. This is illustrated by the fact that two-thirds of the 1 billion starving people in the world are farmers. By contrast, overconsumption of food in the north, especially meat, is responsible for many chronic illnesses such as cancer, diabetes, obesity, …
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Guidelines for assessing nutrition-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices / edited by Yvette Fautsch MacĂas, Peter Glasauer. - Rome : FAO, c2014. - vi, 180 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. Having physical and economic access to food on their own are not sufficient to ensure that people are food secure and well nourished. It is essential that people understand what constitutes a healthy diet; in particular, what nutrition-related health issues affect their communities and how to address these through food-based approaches, and know how to make the best use of their resources. They should also have positive attitudes towards nutrition, diet, foods and closely related hygiene and health issues to be able to perform optimal dietary and feeding practices that ensure their nutritional wellbeing and that of their families. The Guidelines for assessing nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and practices is a reference guide and practical tool for conducting high-quality surveys of nutrition- and health-related knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP ) at the community level. The manual is written for people in charge of planning, implementing and evaluating food security and nutrition projects; these include project managers, nutritionists, health workers, planning and evaluation specialists and many others. The manual includes definitions and key indicators for nutrition- and health-related knowledge, attitudes and practices. It provides useful guidance for planning and conducting a KAP survey, and for analysing and reporting the survey results. The manual also provides model questionnaires (modules). These can be used to facilitate thedesign of KAP survey questionnaires. Using them contributes to the standardization of KAPstudies and the comparability of their results.
Bioversity International Nutrition Strategy 2011-2021 : Resilient food and nutrition systems : Analyzing the role of agricultural biodiversity in enhancing human nutrition and health / edited by Emile Frison. - Rome : Bioversity International, c2011. - Includes bibliographical references and index. One of the world's greatest challenges is to secure adequate food that is healthy, safe and of high quality for all, and to do so in an environmentally sustainable manner. Burdened by the growing demands of an ever-increasing human population, it remains unclear how our current global food system can sustain itself. This challenge is further compounded by climate change, ecosystems and biodiversitĂ under stress, population growth, increased urbanization, social conflict and extreme poverty. For these reasons, there has never been a more urgent time for collective action to address food and nutrition security on a global scale. Redirecting the global agricultural system as the supplier of the world's food in order to ensure better nutrition is crucial so that we can operate from a better understanding of our global agricultural system. It is imperative that research and development start to think about new and sustainable approaches to improving the quality and variety of food produced and consumed around the world. The role that agriculture plays in dietary diversity and nutrition outcomes is central, and nutrition must be front and centre as a major outcome and goal of agriculture and production systems, as a potential avenue to improving dietary diversity, food quality and human health as well restoring or preserving ecosystems. One area that requires further understanding is the role of agricultural biodiversity in improving dietary diversity and quality. Agricultural biodiversitĂ - the diverse traits exhibited among crops, animals and other organisms used for food and agriculture, as well as the web of relationships that bind these forms of life at ecosystem, species, and genetic levels - is the basis of the food and nutrient value chain and its use is important for food and nutritional security. Bioversity International's nutrition research over the past several years has focused on the role and impact of traditional foods on dietary diversity and livelihoods. The research agenda is being expanded under Bioversity's 2011-2021 Nutrition Strategy to develop strong methodological and empirical evidence on how agricultural biodiversity contributes to dietary diversity and nutrition with downstream livelihood and ecosystem benefits.
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Impact of international voluntary standards on smallholder market participation in developing countries : a review of the literature / Allison Loconto, Cora Dankers. - Rome : FAO, c2014. - xv, 86 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. ((Agribusiness and Food Industries Series ; 3. Over the past twenty years, international voluntary standards have gained prominence in global trade. These standards are developed and used by both private and public actors to ensure quality, food safety, social protection and environmental conservation that go beyond mandatory regulation. Concerns have been consistently raised about the ability of international voluntary standards to increase the market access of small-scale producers and exporters in developing countries. This publication presents the results of a literature review conducted by FAO in 2012 on the impact of voluntary standards on smallholders' ability to participate in markets.
Contract farming for inclusive market access / edited by Carlos A. da Silva, Marlo Rankin. Rome : FAO, c2014. - xiii, 218 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Recent transformations in agrifood systems have created new technical requirements and compliance costs that make it increasingly difficult for resource-poor farmers to access modern market channels. In this respect, the question of whether contract farming can be an effective institutional mechanism to address this issue stands out as one of special relevance. This book aims to typify the extent to which contract farming is helping small farmers to access markets and meet stringent requirements of manufacturers, retailers, exporters and service firms, from both food and non-food sectors such as biofuels and forestry. It seeks to clarify differences in the functionality of contracts depending on commodity, market, technology, public policies and country circumstances. Conceptual issues are discussed and real-world case study appraisals from developing regions are presented. The issues raised in the case studies and the key messages synthesized in the initial chapter bring new insights and contributions to further enrich knowledge on contract farming as a tool for inclusive market access in developing countries. Respecter le consentement préalable, donné librement et en connaissance de cause : guide pratique pour les gouvernements, les entreprises, les ONG, les peuples autochtones et les communautés locales en matière d'acquisition de terres. - Rome : FAO, c2014. - vi, 50 p. : ill. ; 27 cm. ((Guide Technique pour la gouvernance des regime fonciers ; 3. Le régime foncier et sa gouvernance sont des éléments cruciaux pour déterminer la possibilité et la manière dont les individus, les communautés et d'autres groupes peuvent acquérir des droits sur l'utilisation et le contrôle des terres et d'autres ressources naturelles. Une gouvernance foncière responsable promeut un développement social et économique durable, pouvant contribuer à éradiquer la pauvreté et l'insécurité alimentaire, et encourage l'investissement responsable. Améliorer la gouvernance des régimes fonciers est l'objectif des Directives volontaires pour une gouvernance responsable des régimes fonciers applicables aux terres, aux pêches et aux forêts dans le contexte de la sécurité alimentaire nationale (Directives), qui servent de référence et établissent des principes et des normes internationalement reconnues dans le domaine des pratiques responsables. Une gouvernance médiocre des terres et des ressources naturelles, associée à un manque de droits fonciers garantis dans le contexte de l'augmentation de la population mondiale, de la hausse des niveaux de vie, de l'accroissement des prix des produits, du commerce mondial et de l'emploi de cultures alimentaires comme combustibles agricoles, exerce une lourde pression sur les exploitations agricoles et les forêts. L'acquisition de terres mal réglementée est devenue un problème majeur, notamment en Afrique subsaharienne et en Asie du Sud-Est, où cette question menace la sécurité alimentaire, les moyens d'existence locaux et la gestion durable des ressources naturelles, provoque des conflits fonciers et porte atteinte aux droits de l'homme. Les groupes sociaux marginalisés sont particulièrement menacés, notamment les peuples autochtones, d'autres propriétaires fonciers coutumiers, les femmes, les peuples de caste inférieure et les minorités ethniques. Les inquiétudes liées aux implications sociales et environnementales à long terme de l'acquisition accélérée de terres augmentent et les organisations internationales chargées des droits de l'homme et de l'établissement de normes ont commencé à étudier et appliquer de nouvelles normes et procédures visant à réglementer ce processus. Le but n'est pas de décourager l'investissement et d'empêcher la création de nouvelles exploitations, mais plutôt de faire en sorte que cette expansion ait lieu de manière à respecter les droits, assurer des moyens d'existence favorables et durables et alléger la pression sur les zones qui sont cruciales pour les moyens d'existence locaux et qui ont une haute valeur de conservation. Les Directives soulignent que les investissements responsables ne devraient pas nuire et devraient protéger contre la dépossession des détenteurs de droits fonciers légitimes et les dommages environnementaux, et respecter les droits de l'homme. Ce guide technique sur le «consentement préalable, donné librement et en connaissance de cause» (CPLCC) établit des mesures concrètes permettant aux organisations gouvernementales de respecter et de protéger le CPLCC et aux organisations de la société civile, aux utilisateurs des terres et aux investisseurs privés dans le monde de s'acquitter de leurs responsabilités envers le CPLCC, conformément à ces Directives.
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Report of the seventh session of the sub-committee on aquaculture : St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 7-11 October 2013. - Rome : FAO, c2014. - ix, 53 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. ((FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report ; 1064. This document contains the report of the session adopted by the Sub-Committee. They approved the draft terms of reference for an advisory working group on aquatic genetic resources and technologies and the draft evaluation framework assessing conformity of public and private certification schemes with the FAO technical guidelines on aquaculture certification.
Gender and Development Gender in agriculture : closing the knowledge gap / edited by Agnes R. Quisumbing ‌ [et al.]. - Rome : FAO ; New York [etc.] : Springer, c2014. - xvi, 444 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) produced a 2011 report on women in agriculture with a clear and urgent message: agriculture underperforms because half of all farmers-women-lack equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This book builds on the report's conclusions by providing, for a non-specialist audience, a compendium of what we know now about gender gaps in agriculture. The authors explore linkages among gender, assets, and agricultural development projects. They examine the current state of land tenure; women's access to markets, financial services, and rural employment; and gender differences in social capital and in vulnerability to poor nutrition and health. The book also looks at trends in agricultural research, development, and extension systems and in women's participation in research. The opening section summarizes the main messages of the 2011 FAO report and reviews how gender has been conceptualized in agriculture and how these concepts have changed in the past three decades. Topics covered include how demographic conditions such as household structure, age, and migration have affected gender relations. Part 2 of the book focuses on data and methods for understanding gender issues in agriculture. The authors look at changing institutional approaches to addressing gender and assess past and present methods for effectively collecting and analyzing data on gender roles and relations in agriculture. Part 3 gathers background studies that document gender gaps in assets and key agricultural inputs. Part 4 looks beyond the farm to observe and analyze gender roles in markets and value chains. Part 5 proposes ways that agricultural research, development, and extension systems can be made more responsive to the needs of both male and female farmers. The research findings collected here provide, in non-technical language, an overview of a pressing problem in agricultural development-the disadvantages and inequities that burden women farmers-as well as ways to understand and address this problem.
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N° 4 - 2014 - luglio/agosto
Organic Agriculture : african experiences in Resilience and Sustainability / edited by Raymond Auerbach, Gunnar Rundgren, Nadia El-Hage Scialabba. - Rome : FAO, c2013. vi, 200 p. : ill. ((FAO : Natural Resources Management and Environment Department. This publication, Organic Agriculture: African Experiences in Resilience and Sustainability, demonstrates that organic management can benefit people, the economy and ecosystems and that this can be achieved in Africa, where hunger and degradation stubbornly persist, despite decades of development efforts. The work presented in this volume stems from the conference on Mainstreaming Organic Agriculture in the African Development Agenda, held in Lusaka, Zambia, from 2 to 4 May 2012. Participants of this Conference shared research results confirming that organic agricultural practices “increase yields, improve livelihoods and food security, conserve indigenous knowledge, plant varieties and animal breeds, as well as sociocultural development, and provide much greater resilience in times of climate extremes, such as drought and heavy rains.� This publication expands on selected research presented during the Lusaka Conference. The different chapters document sustainability experiences, including: mainstreaming organic agriculture into African development approaches; community-based livestock systems combining holistic range management; indigenous ethnoveterinary practices and new understanding of customary systems of resource management; ecofunctional intensification through management of legumes, systems of rice intensification and integrated farming; and smallholders' knowledge harnessed through family farmers learning groups and customized information and communication technologies. The studies from different Sub-Saharan countries demonstrate that successful organic farming is about whole farm management, where feeding the soil feeds the plant, where optimal nutrient cycling is achieved through plant and animals management in time (i.e. rotations) and space (i.e. associations) and where quality production goes hand-in-hand with market linkages. Sound agronomy is a recipe that needs to be owned by farmers who have specific cultures and by pastoralists who have specific environments: traditional knowledge and flexible management strategies are therefore key for successful outcomes.
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Miscellaneous
Il grande blu : il Mediterraneo, mare di tesori : avventure, sogni, commerci, battaglie / Franco Cardini ; prefazione di Gianni Bonini ; a cura di Debora Degl'Innocenti. - Firenze : Nuova editoriale Florence Press, 2014. - 207 p. ; 21 cm. Franco Cardini, lo storico principe delle crociate, si cimenta in una rilettura storica e civile del Mediterraneo, il continente liquido di Braudel, le sue vicende umane, i conflitti etnici e religiosi, l'eterna lotta per il predominio, insomma una sintesi storica che si dipana tra i mille capitoli della sua rottura-unità che non conosce tregua da oltre seimila anni, fin dai tempi in cui i primi fragili vascelli piatti senza chiglia cominciarono a solcarlo. E lo fa con la consueta capacità di andare oltre la contrapposizione di Europa ed Asia fissata per la prima volta da Eschilo nei Persiani, per narrare un racconto di avventure, sogni, commerci e battaglie, da Sargon il Grande alle cosiddette primavere arabe: un mare di tesori dall'identità più meticcia e interdipendente di quanto comunemente si pensi.
La grande bleue : aventures, rêves, commerce et batailles autour d'une mer de trésors / Franco Cardini ; avant-propos par Gianni Bonini ; édité par Debora Degl'Innocenti ; traduit de l'italien par Nicole Lebrun Carew-Reid. - Firenze : Nuova editoriale Florence Press, 2014. - 207 p. ; 21 cm. «La Grande Bleue» c'est ainsi que les Français l'appellent, poétiquement. Homère la définissait comme «la mer couleur pourpre», Platon «un étang autour duquel nous vivons comme des grenouilles»Leonardo Sciascia «la mer couleur de vin» et l'historien Fernand Braudel «le continent liquide». Autour de ses rives se sont succédé quelques-unes des plus antiques et prestigieuses civilisations du genre humain. Sur ses eaux ont eu lieu des rencontres et des affrontements, sur ses côtes et dans ses tles sont nés mythes et cultes, langues et sanctuaires ports et marchés. Aujourd'hui nous constatons son état de crise et nous cherchons les moyens d'en favoriser une renaissance digne de son passé. Un enjeu haut placé et difficile qui nous engage sérieusement. Mais il n'est pas dit que le succès ne nous sourira pas. Mobilisations rurales en Méditerranée / Sébastien Abis. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2014. - 162 p. ; 22 cm. ((Bibliothèque de l'iReMMO : collection dirigéè par Pierre Blanc et Bruno Péquignot. En Méditerranée, les transitions politiques, les enjeux économiques, les urgences environnementales et le défi de la gouvernance ne se limitent pas aux villes et aux littaraux. Le pari d'une croissance plus inclusive demain passe nécessairement par tous les territoires et concerne l'ensemble des acteurs de la société. Les mondes ruraux et les acteurs agricoles sont des étéments moteurs dans les changements à l'oeuvre au sein des pays méditerranéens. Des solidarités, des projets et des initiatives nouvelles voient te jour dans ces espaces intérieurs où l'agriculture reste le premier facteur du développement humain. Pour proposer de nouvelles clefs de lecture sur les dynamiques du milieu rural en Méditerranée, cet ouvrage collectif offre notamment un panorama actualisé sur les forces syndicales agricoles de plusieurs pays de la région. La politique agricole commune de l'Union eurapéenne, l'état des systèmes forestiers et l'évolution des agricultures familiales sont également analysés.
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Luigi Sisto e-mail: l.sisto@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606265 Giuseppe Inchingolo e-mail: inchingolog@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606269 Wanda Occhialini e-mail: occhialini@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606266 Fabio La Notte e-mail: lanotte@iamb.it Tel.080/4606358