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News from the library is a bimonthly newsletter providing timely, lively and informative articles on new releases from CIHEAM Bari Institute, the latest additions to the library's collection of books and articles, focus on the most important scientific journals, news from the world's libraries and international associations' activities.

Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari DOCUMENTATION CENTRE - CIHEAM BARI

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N° 2 - 2020 - March-April

Contents

The Book of the month

Book of the month

p.1

Press Review

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FAO Repository Lirary reviews: ■■ Agriculture

Research and innovation as tools for sustainable agriculture, food and nutrition security. MEDFORUM 2018. Bari, Italy, 18-20 September 2018. Extended abstracts and papers.

p.14

■■ Climate change p.17 ■■ Economic and social development p.18 ■■ Fisheries and aquaculture

p.22

■■ Food safety and nutrition p.25 ■■ Forestry

p.26

■■ Plant production and health p.28

Editor-in-chief: Luigi Sisto Editorial board: Giuseppe Inchingolo Wanda Occhialini Graphic design and layout: Fabio La Notte

Type of publication: Book Editor(s): Maroun El Moujabber, Hatem Belhouchette, Ramzi Belkhodja, Panagiotis Kalaitzis Compilers: Roberta Cosentino, Wanda Occhialini Publisher: CIHEAM Bari Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Valenzano (BA), Italy Pages: 197 p.

Serial Title: Options Méditerranéennes. Series A, Mediterranean Seminars ; 124

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ISSN : 1016-121X ISBN: 978-2-85352-599-2 Download full OM A124 Agrovoc: Agroecosystems; Sustainable agriculture; Water management; Food security; Climate change; Mediterranean area; Human nutrition; Research.

Abstract: MedForum2018, entitled “Research and Innovation: Tools for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security”, focused on the CIHEAM Strategic Agenda 2025 (CAPMED2025) and its Action Plan developed for the implementation of the United-Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in specific fields across the Mediterranean area. Through research work of PhD students and young researchers, MedForum2018 aimed at: Fostering entrepreneurship, women and youth employment; Identifying and sharing potential innovation tools geared towards integrated solutions for sustainable agriculture, food and nutrition security; Enhancing research and innovation impact at national and regional level; Proposing alternatives to prevent young researchers’ migrations. MedForum2018 was organized by CIHEAM in partnership with MAECI-Italy (Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation), CMI (Center for Mediterranean Integration of the World Bank), UfM (Union for the Mediterranean), Agreenium (Institut Agronomique, Vétérinaire et Forestier de France) and with the technical collaboration of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Contents: The problem of water in Libya Jamal Ali Mohamed Ehdadan Economic resources are divided into two types: natural resources and human resources. Water resources fall under natural resources and

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population falls under human resources an increase in the latter leads to the increased demand for the former.

The demand may be direct or indirect. Direct demand is the demand for water for drinking and cooking, and the indirect demand is for other human needs. [Read more]

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New findings on the putative causal agent/s of the emerging cachexia like disease threatening the citrus industry in Egypt Arafat Hanani, Khalid Djelouah, Ines Draius, Mohga Khater, Anna Maria D’Onghia Citrus industry is the major fruit crop in Egypt. In fact, it shows dramatic increasing, where the total citrus production has increased from 3200 to 5000 thousand tons between 2008 and 2016. As benefits, it contributes to the nutrition and refreshment of local consumers, to agroindustries and to foreign revenue and employment. The water scarcity in the Mediterranean basin along with the gradual climate change and water … [Read more] Activity of biochar on the effectiveness and persistence of some insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) on cotton plants Ghada N. El-Masry, Oiva Niemeläinen, El-Zahi S. ElZahi, Magdy M. Mohamed, Kari Tiilikkala

sustainability of the agricultural activity. Water Balance (WB) assessment is an essential Decision Support Tool (DST) in irrigation systems both on management strategies (e.g. water pricing policies) and on the implementation of infrastructural actions, to take wise decision … [Read more] Insecticidal activity of bio-oils and biochar as pyrolysis products and their combination with microbial agents against Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Sayed A.M.M., Behle R.W., Tiilikkala K., Vaughn S.F. Pyrolysis techonology producing biochar and bio-oils can be used as a potential alternative to make biopesticides which are urgently needed in integrated pest management (IPM). The insecticidal activity of the three components bio-oils, aqueous, organic and in the mixture was evaluated individually and with three different entomopathogens of the baculovirus Agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgipMNPV), bacterium Bacillus thuringensis ... [Read more] Integrated Pest Management system within urban agriculture Suleiman-Alkadour Z.

Slow pyrolysis is the method by which agriculture wastes can be processed into value added products such as biochar which has gained importance as a soil amendment. It can increase e.g. soils ability for sorption. For this reason, applications rates of synthetic pesticides that are used as soil treatments to suppress the population of pests should be revised. In Egypt, cotton is susceptible to a wide range of pests, especially the Egyptian ... [Read more]

Sustainable future is becoming a fundamental global concern. The world population is expected to increase 25 % by 2050 reflecting a global challenge for food safety and security. We need efficient and healthy ways to produce more food with less environmental impact and short supply chain. Across Europe, many countries adopted the urban agriculture approach as an agricultural system to produce in close proximity to people and residences.

[Read more]

Assessment of water productivity in the arid environment. Case of citrus in Souss region, Morocco Moulay Hicham El Omari, Mohamed Fallah

Evaluation des composés phénoliques et des activités antioxydantes des figues (Ficus carica L.) Aljane F.

This work was conducted in the Souss region, known by severe water scarcity and a high agricultural activity dominated by the citrus (representing 40% of the area of Morocco’s citrus). The objective of this work is to diagnose the current situation of the water efficiency in citrus irrigation and analyze the impact of various production factors on water productivity and its sustainability in the context of ... [Read more]

This work focuses on the fig fruit. It studies essentially at a comparative characterization of the real potentialities in terms of bioactive molecules (total polyphenols, total flavonoïds and total anthocyanins) by spectrophotometer.

In addition, the antioxidant activities was determined by 2 methods; the ABTS (2, 2- azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline6-sulfonate) and the DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) assays. Phytochemical composition of the fig of 30 accessions were found to be very diverse. [Read more]

Crop Water Requirements estimation from open satellite and agro-meteorological data Peschechera G., Fratino U. An efficient and sustainable management of water resources is a crucial topic for arid and semiarid areas, like the Mediterranean area, to ensure the environmental

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Producing beef meat under hard livestock conditions by crossing cattle with Belgian Blue-White breed.

Preliminary study Allouche L., Madani T., Mechmeche M., Bouchemal A. Crossing cows with pure meat breed bull as Charolais and

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Seedling VOCs induce host preference in Bagrada hilaris Burmeister Arif M.A., Guarino S., Peri E., Colazza S. The Painted bug, Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive stink bug species native from Asia and Africa, recently reported in United States, Mexico and Chile. This pest attacks mainly cruciferous plants and results particularly aggressive to seedlings at cotyledon stage, causing severe tissue damage, and in some the death of the plant. In this study the role of VOCs emitted by seedlings of four cruciferous species ... [Read more] Cultural landscapes for water management. A research work plan Basso S. Dry-stone walls and terraces are typical features of the Mediterranean landscape. Traditional knowledge suggests they might have been constructed to satisfy agricultural water requirements. However, only few studies have tried to quantify their effects on soil moisture in agricultural fields, suggesting deteriorating conditions when maintenance is lacking. This is the case of the Mediterranean region, as a consequence of changes of the social ... [Read more] L’utilisation des sucres de commerce pour lutter contre le carpocapse des pommes et des poires (Cydia pomonella L.) dans la région de Lambiridi (Wilaya de Batna, Algérie) Brahim I., Lombarkia N. En Algérie, le carpocapse demeure le ravageur le plus redoutable dans les vergers pomicoles, dont il cause plus de 60% des dégâts. Les fortes infestations obligent le recours à la lutte chimique (6-8 traitements), avec tous ses effets nocifs. Une nouvelle technologie reposant sur l’application foliaire d’infradoses (1 à 10g/100L) de sucres. Cette étude présente les résultats des essais menés dans la région de Lambiridi et visant à tester l’effet …

[Read more] Stratégies d’adaptations de la culture du blé dur face aux changements climatiques futurs en Algérie: 1Gestion des semis

Chourghal N., Huard F.

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Nous présentons ici une stratégie d’adaptation des effets du changement climatiques basée sur la gestion de la date de semis. Deux zones d’étude sont choisies : Alger au centre et Bordj Bou Arreridj dans la zone Est du pays. Des données climatiques observées couvrant la période 19782007 pour Alger et 1980-2009 pour Bordj Bou Arreridj, et des simulations futures du climat actuel (même période que l’historique) et du futur lointain … [Read more] Trapping methodologies for functional arthropod diversity in olive agroecosystem Dimitrova A., Livieratos I., Gkisakis V.

canopy

The value of a diverse and balanced community of canopy arthropods is undeniable in terms of pest management and overall agroecosystem functionality. However, a suitable monitoring methodology for them has not been well defined, especially in perennial crops. Field sampling conducted in Crete, Greece during autumn and spring was done in order to look into two types of trapping methodologies, yellow sticky traps (YST) and transparent ... [Read more] Analysis and diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition in durum wheat for the design of a nitrogen fertilizer grid in the semi-arid region Douniazed C., Amor H. Improving the efficiency of nitrogen use by crops has become imperative in the current and future economic and environmental context. Nitrogen fertilization is often considered as the practice with the greatest impact on crop growth. However, optimizing its management is highly dependent on soil conditions and intra- annual climatic achievements. The fractionation of nitrogen fertilizer inputs is a relevant approach to better match ... [Read more] Innovative agriculture and sustainable food production. Applications of the Aquaponics system Giordano S. The present global scenario shows a twofold consumers’ behavior: on one hand, there is evidence of a growing demand for modern food; on the other one, it is easy to observe an increasing desire for natural foods. As far as innovations in the food industry are concerned, they often originate a lack of acceptance by the market, partly as a consequence of a phenomenon known as food neophobia; this involves the unwillingness ... [Read more] Agriculture traditionnelle et agrodiversité dans les oasis du Sud du Maroc : cas des oasis de la région Drâa-Tafilalet

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Press Review

Belgian Blue-White is widely used in the world for beef meat production. In Algeria, more than 100 cows from different breeds as Montbeliarde, Fleckvieh and Holstein were inseminated by a single Belgian Blue-White bull in Sétif (Algeria), a semi-arid region where the temperature can reach 45°C in Summer and -4°C in winter. Calves were weighed at birth and at the age of one year … [Read more]

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Houssni M., El Mahroussi M., Ben Sbih H., Kadiri M., Ater M. Cette étude contribue à l’évaluation de l’agrodiversité dans les agroécosystèmes oasiens où nous avons inventorié les cultures pratiquées à base de variétés locales ainsi le savoir-faire traditionnel associé. Elle est basée sur l’utilisation d’enquêtes avec les agriculteurs structurées en questionnaires qui comportent les aspects relatifs à l’agrobiodiversité et des données socio-économiques.

L’étude a été effectuée dans 4 oasis, contrastées ... [Read more] Influence of sprouting bioprocess on durum wheat (Triticum durum) prebiotic properties Jribi S., Antal O., Fustos Z., Papai G., Naar Z., Kheriji O., Debbabi H. Sprouting has been widely used as a green engineering tool improving cereals and pulses nutritional properties.

Thus, sprouts could be suggested as a functional food.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of sprouting bioprocess in enhancing durum wheat (Triticum durum) prebiotic properties, through the use of an in vitro digestion model. [Read more] L’étoffe «Ouabri» en poils de dromadaire de la région de Djelfa-Algérie. Une filière essentielle pour la sécurité alimentaire Kanoun-Meguellati A., Kanoun M., Huguenin J., Saadoui M., Bellahrache A. Cette étude aborde les savoir-faire concernant la transformation et la commercialisation des produits de terroir conçus à partir du Tissage «Ouabri» en poils de dromadaires de type «Aiguiga». L’élevage des ruminants en steppes conserve toujours une place déterminante.

Ses sous-produits assurent une part importante des revenus d’une grande proportion des ménages ruraux.

Leur valorisation artisanale donne plus d’autonomie aux femmes ... [Read more] Study of the efficiency of a hybrid pumping system (photovoltaic/ electric) for better rural setting management Mebrek N., Bouziane M.T., Demnati F., Nemdil A.E. The Maghreb countries, particularly Algeria have a high solar potential. The German Space Agency (DLR), showed exceptional sunshine levels, of 1200 kWh/ m2/ year in Northern Great Sahara. According to satellite evaluation, the German Space Agency (ASA) concluded that Algeria represents the most important solar potential of Mediterranean basin, i.e.: 169.000 TWh/year for thermal solar, 13.9 TWh/year for solar photovoltaic.

[Read more]

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Allelopathic potential of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. on the germination and growth of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

Melakhessou Z., Demnati F., Demes M.R. In this work, we investaged laboratory tests for the evaluation of the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of Cynodon dactylon L. on the germination and growth of three variety (variety MBB, GTA DUR and VITRON).

In general, an inhibitory effect is observed on all studied parameters namely germination, radicle length, coleoptiles length as well as the production of dry matter. This effect occurs at the lowest concentration (10 g/l) … [Read more] Est-ce que les plantations de palmiers dattiers (PPD) et l’oasification peuvent être utilisées comme moyen de lutte contre la désertification et l’ensablement dans les zones arides?

Mihi A., Tarai N. Le secteur agricole a été témoin une grande expansion des agroécosystèmes Sahariennes dans le sud-est de l’Algérie, en adoptant de nouvelles technologies et de programmes agricoles pour développer le secteur. La présente étude consiste à tester l’effet des PPD (Phoenix dactylifera L) sur le phénomène de la désertification en utilisant les outils Système d’Information Géographique (SIG) et Télédétection. Une étude spatio-temporale a été réalisée … [Read more] Rotting fungi of pomegranate fruit from southern Italy.

Symptoms, fungal characterization, and pathogenicity Mincuzzi A., Ippolito A., Sanzani S.M. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an increasingly important crop in Apulia region (southern Italy), where most of the Italian production occurs. The main yield problem is related to postharvest losses caused by fungi. The present research was conducted using fruit of various cultivars (Acco, Mollar de Elche, Wonderful, and Wonderful One), from local markets, orchards, and packinghouses. [Read more] Evaluation des facteurs structurels d’insécurité alimentaire pour une bonne gouvernance au Maroc: Cas du blé tendre Rerhrhaye K. Aujourd’hui, compte tenu de la forte fluctuation des cours mondiaux des blés et les menaces prévues sur les marchés d’importation à l’horizon 2030, la question alimentaire au Maroc se pose en termes de vulnérabilité et devient désormais un enjeu politique. Selon les projections établies par les institutions internationales (FIDA, BM, FAO), le pays pourrait être confronté à un double risque.

[Read more]

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Transformations spatiales et dynamiques socioenvironnementales de l’oasis de Ouargla (Algérie) Salhi A.

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Ce travail de recherche s’intègre dans un objectif assez large et global d’un travail de thèse de doctorat qui porte sur la durabilité du système oasien au niveau de la wilaya de Ouargla. L’objectif primordial est de comprendre les dynamiques socioenvironnementales de cette oasis et analyser quelles peuvent être les synergies ou conflits entre ces acteurs qui permettent d’émettre des hypothèses quant au devenir de ce système oasien. [Read more] Gouvernance de la sécurité alimentaire au Maroc : Défis et opportunités Toumi L., El Amrani M. La gouvernance requiert, aujourd’hui, une importance stratégique dans les politiques publiques de développement. Ce présent travail de recherche vise, d’une part, à faire le point sur les différentes approches de la gouvernance et son rapport avec la sécurité alimentaire et d’autre part, à analyser la gouvernance de la sécurité alimentaire au Maroc. [Read more] Anti-bacterial and anti-adherence activity of Enterococcus spp. against Staphylococcus aureus CECT 976 Zanzan M., Achemchem F., Hamadi F., Latrache H., Elmoslih A., Amzil K., Mimouni R. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been associated with dairy products and are generally considered as beneficial microorganisms. They are used to improve the safety and the quality of food products by the production of many substances, such as organic acids, diacetyl, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. Enterococcus spp. are among LAB group widely found in Mediterranean dairy products and they have been used ... [Read more] Une agriculture durable au service d’une alimentation durable. Culture de l’olivier dans la steppe algérienne Zoubeidi M., Dahane A. L’oléiculture a une place considérable dans l’économie de l’Algérie. D’ailleurs, une prise de conscience s’est opérée depuis le début du millénaire à ce sujet pour améliorer la conduite du verger oléicole, réfléchir à son extension sur des terres où l’intensification de la production est possible.

Classée septième à l’échelle mondiale, en matière de production d’huile d’olive, et cinquième mondialement pour la production de l’olive de table … [Read more]

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Stay up to date with the latest information from FAO on how COVID-19 is affecting food and agriculture

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COVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture

Type of publication: Book Author: Josef Schmidhuber, Jonathan Pound and Bing Qiao Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 38 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132354-0 Agrovoc: Infectious diseases; Agricultural sector; Supply chains; Impact assessment; Coronavirus.

Abstract: FAO is analysing and providing updates on the emerging COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on agricultural markets—effects that are still largely unknown. Most current assessments generally foresee a contraction in both supply of and demand for agricultural products, and point to possible disruptions in trade and logistics. On the supply side, widely different views remain on the duration of the shocks, the price dynamics, differential impacts

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between domestic and international markets, differences across countries and commodities, the likely paths of recovery, and the policy actions to remedy the various shock waves. On the demand side, there is near ubiquitous agreement that agricultural demand and trade would slowdown, with contractions stemming from a deceleration in overall economic activity (GDP growth) and rising rates of unemployment. While food and agricultural systems are exposed to both demand and supply side shocks (symmetric), these shocks are not expected to take place in parallel (asynchronous) since, inter alia, consumers can draw on savings, food stocks and safety nets. This paper makes no attempt to produce an impact assessment of the COVID-19- induced outbreak. Instead, it aims to identify the channels of transmissions into the food and agriculture sectors and, based on this, to delineate the degrees of exposure to the COVID-19- induced shock by geographic region. The initial aim was to examine all elements of the food system. However, data availability limited the empirical analysis largely to primary production, trade and final consumption. These elements are analyzed in detail and, where possible, quantified. Based on results of the analysis, a country taxonomy of the exposure is developed and presented. The identification of the primary channels of transmission and a classification of countries based on exposure to the effects of the COVID-19-induced pandemic could help assist countries and international organizations in formulating remedial interventions.

Executive summary: The COVID-19-induced pandemic affects the entire food system. It exerts a symmetric, but asynchronous shock on global and national food systems.

Its impacts will affect both supply and demand channels, but they will be felt at different points in time. They will affect all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand. It also affects factor markets, namely labour and capital, and intermediate inputs of production. The channels of transmission into food and agricultural demand include numerous macroeconomic factors, notably swings in exchange rates, in energy and credit markets, and, most importantly, the expected surge in unemployment and the contractions in overall economic activity. We have assessed the exposure of countries to a selected number of these channels of transmission. We quantify the impacts of agricultural factor markets, trade and final demand. We present more qualitatively the effects of credit markets, energy markets or possible disruptions in the supply chains and the various choke points therein.

The composition of the factors of production for primary agriculture differs along the stages of development and of

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course the type of output. In general, agriculture in highincome countries is a capital-intensive industry, exposed to possible disruptions of supplies of intermediate inputs in the short term and fixed capital items in the longer term.

The same holds for some agricultural systems in lowincome countries, but their exposure to a pandemic shock can differ markedly. For instance, production of row crops is capital-intensive and labour-saving in both North and South America. Both systems are, however, exposed to different debt/equity shares and differential impacts from credit markets. Current evidence suggests that capital-intensive row crop producers in North America are likely to benefit from lower interest rates, while their counterparts in South America could suffer from higher interest rates and clogged credit markets. At the same time, North American producers have seen a noticeable appreciation of their currency, which may offset the gains in credit markets, potentially even overcompensating them. Lack of inputs affects a growing number of farmers around the world. Low supplies of pesticides for instance is already affecting crop protection efforts in countries affected at an early stage and will likely reduce yields later in the year. A lack of pesticides is also hampering efforts to contain pest outbreaks, including the current locust outbreak in East Africa. With 80 percent of countries, accounting for 92 percent of global GDP2 , under social distancing provisions, labour availability for agricultural supply chains has become a near ubiquitous problem. In general, low-income countries employ higher shares of labour for primary production, which makes them more exposed to direct disruptions in labour supply, including the farmer’s own labour force. The same holds for labour-intensive production more generally. Various examples illustrate that fruit and vegetable as well as meat or dairy production have already been adversely affected

by COVID-induced labour shortages3 . Such deficits can be caused by domestic labour supply disruptions, as well as by shortages of seasonal and migrant workers. In addition, also macroeconomic channels of transmission affect agricultural supply, trade and final demand. The precipitous fall in oil and metal prices, for instance, exerted downward pressure on the exchange rates of many commodity exporting countries (“commodity currencies”). While the downward pressure on exchange rates, triggered by price declines in nonfood commodities, affects all tradeable commodities, including food. It makes food supplies internationally more competitive, at least in the short term, and supports exports of food. In response to these changes, some commodity exporters have started to impose export restrictions on food and agricultural products to avoid compromising domestic supplies.

Sporadic export restrictions notwithstanding, the current supply-demand situation is markedly different from the situation at the start of the last global food crisis in 2007– 08. Overall, carryover stocks are high, the prospects for the next crop are good and, instead of an expansion of

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demand through a burgeoning biofuels sector, demand is likely to contract; food demand is likely to stagnate or even decline given the expected contraction in global GDP, while demand in the non-food sector is likely to be capped in view of the sharply lower prices for fossil energy. Possible logistical bottlenecks notwithstanding, these factors would not support an outlook of a looming global food security crisis arising from supply shortages.

The extent of a possible demand contraction is still unclear.

In the case of a substantial global GDP contraction, the data presented in this document suggest that low-income countries may find themselves not in a price-induced food security crisis, but an income-induced one. Finally, and arguably most importantly, COVID-19 will exert a shock on final food demand by lowering overall purchasing power, especially for an increasing number of unemployed people. The extent of the impacts on food demand will depend on numerous factors, including the depth and length of the macroeconomic shock, the availability of savings and access to credit and safetynet mechanisms.

These factors determine the responsiveness of demand, which is used to gauge the differences in reactions across countries and food commodity groups. While neither the final income nor the final price impacts are clear at this early stage, the availability of food staples and the greater exposure of labour intensive foods such as vegetables and dairy products to adverse effects emanating from this pandemic, suggests a deterioration in the quality of the diet rather than increases in calorie deficits.

Download file Cite this publication as: J. Schmidhuber, J. Pound & B. Qiao. 2020. COVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture. Rome, FAO.

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Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises. April–December 2020.

FAO’s component of the Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan

Interim guidance note: Mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition of schoolchildren.

Revised version

Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2020 Publisher: FAO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 20 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132382-3

Type of publication: Book Author: WFP, UNICEF & FAO Publisher: WFP, FAO & UNICEF Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: WFP & UNICEF Pages: 14 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132356-4

Agrovoc: Infectious diseases; Coronavirus; Agricultural crisis; Food security; Support measures; FAO. Abstract: The document presents FAO’s component of the COVID-19 Global Humanitarian Appeal, focusing on maintaining operations in food crisis contexts, anticipating the secondary impacts of the pandemic and related containment efforts on the world’s most vulnerable people and sustaining critical food supply chains to avert future food crises.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO. 2020. Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises. April–December 2020: FAO’s component of the Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan. Rome.

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Agrovoc: Infectious diseases; Coronavirus; School feeding; Nutrition; Guidelines.

Abstract: This joint note from WFP, FAO and UNICEF intends to provide government decision makers, school administrators/staff and partners with preliminary guidance on how to support, transform or adapt school feeding (in the short term) to help safeguard schoolchildren’s food security and nutrition during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Specific recommendations are provided according to the various target groups involved in school feeding. An additional section is focused on the case of homegrown school feeding. This guidance note will be regularly updated as the situation evolves, and new information becomes available. It complements other guidance from

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specialized UN agencies, such as UNESCO, WHO and partners.

Download file Cite this publication as: WFP, FAO & UNICEF. 2020. Interim guidance note: Mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition of schoolchildren. Rome.

Leading library, archives, and museum organisations call on WIPO to help safeguard cultural heritage

With this year’s World Intellectual Property Day focusing on innovation for a green future, IFLA and its partners have come together to call on governments and the World Intellectual Property Organization not to forget the past.

An open letter calling for action to ensure that intellectual property laws do not stand in the way of preservation of heritage faced with climate change already has 155 organisational and institutional co-signatories, and 55 individuals. The letter is still open for signatories.

April 26 is World Intellectual Property Day, established by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to publicize how copyright, patents, trademarks, and designs affect the world. Their focus this year is on innovating towards a “green future.” This is a welcome goal, but we must not forget the threat to the world’s cultural heritage posed by the disastrous effects of climate change, and aggravated by the lack of appropriate copyright legislation supporting the institutions that preserve our common knowledge and heritage.

That is why the world’s leading library, archives, and museums organizations are calling on WIPO and its Member States to respond to the need for international copyright laws that will empower these cultural institutions to prevent further loss of worldwide cultural heritage due to rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and other disasters linked to global warming.

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These threats to our collective memory can be addressed by making preservation copies; but the global patchwork of inconsistent, nonexistent and inadequate copyright laws stands in the way.”

At regional seminars and an international conference organized by WIPO in 2019, a consensus emerged that copyright exceptions play a key role in enabling heritage institutions to make preservation copies of works in libraries, archives, and museums. WIPO Member States have the power to support international action in favor of preservation copying, thus providing heritage institutions with the legal certainty needed to safeguard our heritage.

‘Libraries have a key mission to safeguard the past and present for the future. In the face of climate change and its impacts, there is a real urgency to preserve our collections, but we can only do so if the law permits. WIPO and its Member States have both the opportunity – and the duty – to act’. IFLA Secretary General Gerald Leitner.

The attached Open Letter is intended to raise awareness of the need for copyright laws that support, rather than hinder, efforts to preserve the world’s heritage. It calls on WIPO and its Member States to take national and international action, without which heritage institutions will unable to prevent the irretrievable loss of many of the world’s cultural treasures. A way forward must be found to enable the world’s heritage institutions to make and preserve copies of works using all available tools without fear of copyright barriers.

The five organisations behind this effort — the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), the International Council on Archives (ICA), the International Council on Museums (ICOM), Electronic Information for Libraries (EIFL), and the Society of American Archivists (SAA)—invite all heritage organizations around the world and other organisations that share our goals to sign this Open Letter (Link), to share it on social media and other communications channels, and to call on their national authorities to support its messages in their engagement at WIPO. Even as the world responds to immediate crises such as COVID-19, we cannot forget the long-term global threat of climate change. We must act now to safeguard our heritage.

[Fonte IFLA]

“As the effects of climate change become more common, our heritage will continue to suffer irretrievable losses,” said Winston Tabb, head of the libraries delegation.

“Tragically, this is already happening in many countries.

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IFLA Leads Open Letter on Intellectual Property and COVID-19

and access to culture at distance. Without this possibility, not only is it more difficult to counter the spread of COVID-19, but there is more widespread disruption which will leave scars long into the future.

Faced with the urgent need to combat the COVID-19 Pandemic and its consequences, it is vital to ensure that intellectual property laws and practices do not become a blockage. IFLA, working with its partners, has led in drafting an open letter to the Director General of WIPO to underline this point and call for action. UPDATE - over 312 organisations and individuals have now signed.

However, intellectual property laws and practices do not necessary allow this. While there have been many positive initiatives from publishers – often in response to calls from libraries – these do not cover all needs or situations.

As a result, IFLA has worked with partners to prepare an open letter to Dr Francis Gurry, Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), calling on the Organization to show leadership. Over 312 organisations and individuals, as of 5 April 2020, have already signed.

Copyright and intellectual property laws – and the practices they support – have a defining influence on the work of libraries at any time.

For many years, IFLA and its partners have been active in calling for reforms which bring relevant rules up to date with a global, digitised world.

The need for such laws, enabling both analogue and digital uses of works – for example eLending alongside traditional lending, or remote access to academic books, alongside on-site possibilities – has been made clearer than ever with the crisis.

Forced to close their doors to the public, libraries need to be able to provide access in support of research, education

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It stresses the need for Member States to use existing flexibilities to facilitate public interest uses of works, for rightholders to give the necessary permissions for use, and for steps to be taken to support the development and delivery of treatments.

In line with the goals of the wider United Nations system to accelerate the fight against the pandemic and its consequences – as well as the broader Sustainable Development Goals – we hope that WIPO will be able to play its part.

[Fonte IFLA]

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Economic Documentation Center www.iamb.it N° 2 - 2020 - March-April Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari HIGHLIGHTS

Join John Cabot University students in sharing FAO’s knowledge on World Book Day

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To make it even better, include these filters prepared by the John Cabot University students.

Instagram Iphone ■■ Save the attached image (or download from bit.ly/ WBDSticker) to your phone’s camera roll.

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■■ From your Instagram home feed, swipe right or tap the upper left camera icon to add a video story (not a post).

■■ When you return to Instagram it will appear as a sticker that you can position where you want.

Android ■■ Download the image from bit.ly/WBDSticker to your phone’s camera roll.

■■ From your Instagram home feed swipe right or tap the upper left camera icon to add a video story (not a post).

■■ Tap the text tool “aA” (top right) on your Instagram story.

■■ Press the “smiley” icon on your keyboard.

■■ Press the “pin” icon and then “create”.

To help defeat world hunger, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has numerous resources we can all use…right from home. Students and people young and old from all over the world, led

by John Cabot University, Rome, are celebrating World Book Day on 23 April by sharing short videos about all the knowledge that FAO has to share. Have a look at some of the videos by searching the hashtag #JCUMeetsFAO. You can join in too!

■■ Select the image from the camera roll and then press “send”.

Here’s how you can join on Instagram or Facebook

■■ Use the camera’s top icons to write in: FAO.org/ publications; @unfao;

To create your video (maximum 15 seconds): ■■ Go to fao.org and find an interesting fact (e.g. “Did you know we’ll have to produce 60% MORE food in 30 years to feed everyone?”).

■■ Start the video by saying “Help beat world hunger for World Book Day....”

■■ Share your interesting fact.

■■ End the video saying “Find your cool fact at FAO Publications.”

■■ If you like, make it a “highlight” story so it will last longer.

Facebook ■■ Go to bit.ly/JCUMEETSFAO ■■ Hold down the Facebook camera’s large button, and start recording!

■■ Add clickable tags/links in your story and story comments, including: FAO.org/publications; @unfao; #WorldBookDay; #JCUMeetsFAO World Book and Copyright Day is a UNESCO-led day that celebrates books and knowledge around the world.

Have fun and spread the word!

[Fonte FAO] Illustration: Del Hambre

■■ Add these tags in the video itself and/or as clickable links in the story or story comments: fao.org/ publications, #WorldBookDay, #JCUmeetsFAO, @ FAO (Instagram) or @UNFAO (Facebook) Note: @FAO may re-post your video if your account is public.

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■■ Once you have shot the video on Instagram, leave the app open, go to your photos and “copy photo”.

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Taking care of Mother Earth

Making sure that everyone in the world has sufficient nutritious food requires managing the planet wisely.

International Mother Earth Day is an opportunity to browse a selection of publications on topics ranging from climate change or biodiversity to soils, forestry and fisheries.

The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture This publication presents the first global assessment of biodiversity for food and agriculture worldwide, including plants, animals and microorganisms at genetic, species and ecosystem levels, present in and around crop, livestock, forest and aquatic production systems.

Read also the regional editions:

world’s 500 million smallholder farm families achieve higher productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency while enhancing natural capital.

FAO’s work on climate change – Fisheries & aquaculture 2019 This publication presents FAO’s work in support to countries to help them adapt to the impact of climate change in the fisheries and aquaculture sector, including a portfolio of adaptation tools and measures used to support countries’ climate commitments and action plans.

Five practical actions towards low-carbon livestock – Lessons learned in Denmark This technical policy brief looks at the connections between climate change and livestock farming, and describes ways to reduce carbon emissions, by using, for instance, more responsible packaging solutions.

Soil organic carbon – The hidden potential This publication aims to provide an overview to decisionmakers and practitioners of current knowledge and knowledge gaps on soil organic carbon.

Climate change vulnerability assessment of forests and forest-dependent people A guide to managing forests properly in the context of climate change, this book supports stakeholders in assessing both direct and indirect impacts as well as options for adapting to climate change.

Further reading ■■ FAO Strategy on biodiversity mainstreaming across agricultural sectors ■■ Youth in motion for climate action ■■ FAO’s work on climate change 2020

■■ Africa regional synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

■■ I ndicators to monitor and evaluate the sustainability of bioeconomy

■■ Asia regional synthesis for The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

■■ FAO publications catalogue

■■ E urope and Central Asia regional synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

[Fonte FAO]

■■ L atin America and the Caribbean regional synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

Working or studying from home?

FAO has a lot to share

■■ N ear East and North Africa regional synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture ■■ P acific regional synthesis for the State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture Save and Grow. A policymaker’s guide to the sustainable intensification of smallholder crop production The book offers a rich toolkit of relevant, adoptable and adaptable ecosystem-based practices that can help the

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Times like this have led us to rethink our daily lives, from our basic everyday habits to the way we usually get information. FAO is working to guarantee continued access to its knowledge through a wealth of online resources, easily accessible from your computer or mobile phone.

If you are looking for information about how COVID-19 is affecting food and agriculture, you can access the latest articles and policy briefs here. A list of scientific publishers currently giving free access to COVID-19-

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plus archival video, check the Video Catalogue.

A platform for broadcasters and other professional content users to download high-quality video news packages and feature stories about FAO’s work, the FAO Media Vault offers high-definition clean footage, subject to credit and copyright terms and conditions. To download footage, please register with your own login and password.

For photos, check the FAO Mediabase for over 100 000 thematic images, as well as some of FAO’s historical analogue collection. FAO’s Flickr accounts feature albums covering FAO events and work in the field.

Check out FAO News Flickr, FAO of the UN, FAO Emergencies and more. Professionally shot, and available for immediate download, all pictures are subject to credit and copyright conditions. related information is available here.

If you are looking for a broader range of online resources in FAO’s areas of expertise, check out the FAO Document Repository, home to almost 100 000 documents and publications, on subjects ranging from food security to migration to climate change to fisheries. Everything is available to download and use for free, in line with FAO’s Open Access policy.

TIP: Online PDFs don’t suit you? For many of our titles you can download an e-book (EPUB or MOBI) version from the publication preview page in our Document Repository. Or look for them on major online platforms, most of which offer them for free, such as Smashwords. If you have limited bandwidth for downloading, try reading online on Google Books. If you prefer a print copy, check major online retailers for availability and delivery options in your region or contact one of FAO’s official distributors.

If you need to look up journals and databases covering FAO’s core disciplines for your essay or research paper, or are interested in FAO’s historic book collections, the David Lubin Memorial Library is a good place to start.

In addition, the AGORA programme, led by FAO, provides free or low-cost access to major scientific journals and books to improve the quality of agricultural research, education and training in low-income countries.

Check country eligibility criteria here.

Would you rather watch than read? FAO produces quality footage related to its activities. The FAO channel on YouTube features packaged stories as well as ready-towatch video content from events and projects.

TIP: If you wish to watch the latest video features, interviews, and coverage from our main events,

In addition to all these resources, FAO produces podcasts in English and French, including interviews and FAO on-the-ground success stories, that you can download, share, or simply listen to while getting on with other indoor activities.

To build your knowledge and skills visit FAO’s e-learning Academy, which offers over 300 multilingual e-learning courses across FAO’s priority areas, from sustainable food systems to food safety or child labour.

Courses are free of charge and certified using Digital Badges.

Finally, if you’re home with your little ones and on the lookout for engaging yet educational activities for kids, here are some tips!

FAO’s “Activity books” series give young people food for thought and a glimpse into FAO’s work, including climate change and healthy eating, while colouring in or doing other fun activities.

Download them from the resource portal Building the #ZeroHunger Generation. The “Discovering forests”teaching and learning modules, aimed towards school children aged 10–13, can be a nice way to bring some nature into your homes.The “YUNGA challenge badges” provide activities for different age groups around topics ranging from energy to disaster risk reduction or nutrition.

Still not enough? FAO is on all major social media platforms, including Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram and Tik Tok, to provide you with around-theclock information and updates.

[Fonte FAO] Illustration: Del Hambre

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Agriculture Disaster Risk Reduction Challenge Badge

Agriculture

Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 212 p.

Serial Title: YUNGA learning and action series - Challenge badges ; 11 ISBN: 978-92-5-132079-2 Agrovoc: Natural disasters; Disaster risk reduction; Disaster preparedness; Risk prevention; Awareness raising; Climate change adaptation; youth; Educational resources.

Abstract: The Disaster Risk Reduction challenge badge is designed to help educate children and young people about hazards, disasters, and how the crucial role disaster risk reduction plays for life on our planet. This material is appropriate for use in school classes, Guide or Scout groups and other youth related groups.

It includes a wide range of activities and ideas to stimulate learning about disaster risk reduction and promote action in local communities. This booklet includes basic background information on disaster risk reduction. It explains what hazards are and what makes some hazards turn into disasters. It explains the factors that put people at risk, and which groups are more vulnerable. It then provides information on preventing, reducing, and preparing for specific hazards.

It explains what is involved in recovery work, and finally, provides concrete actions for making a difference on an individual level. The badge has the following learning and behaviour change objectives: Learn about the different types of natural hazards and disasters as well as those that have occurred in the past around the world; Know what disaster risk reduction is and what measures can be taken to reduce disaster risks; What type of recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction work is being undertaken after a disaster has happened; Take action on helping yourself, your family and community to be better prepared before, during and after a disaster has occurred.

Download file ​ ite this publication as: FAO. 2020. Disaster Risk Reduction Challenge Badge. YUNGA learning and action series C Challenge badges. Rome.

ABS Elements: Elements to facilitate domestic implementation of access and benefit-sharing for different subsectors of genetic resources for food and agriculture with explanatory notes Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 88 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-131560-6 Agrovoc: Plant genetic resources; Genetic resources conservation; Right of access; Biodiversity; Food security; Sustainable development; Legal frameworks; Conventions.

Abstract: The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention

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on Biological Diversity has been hailed as a giant step towards the implementation of the third objective of the Convention: the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, including by appropriate access to them. Implementing this third objective is intended to contribute to the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components, the other two objectives of the Convention. The Protocol confronts policy-makers and administrators responsible for its implementation at the national level with a number of challenges.

One of these challenges is the Protocol’s obligation to consider, in the development and implementation of access and benefit-sharing measures, the importance of genetic resources for food and agriculture and their special role for food security. The Elements to Facilitate Domestic Implementation of Access and Benefit-Sharing for Different Subsectors of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture aim to assist governments considering developing, adapting or implementing access and benefit-sharing measures, to take into account the importance of genetic resources for food and agriculture (GRFA), their special role for food security and the distinctive features of their different subsectors, while complying, as applicable, with international instruments. This publication contains the original ABS Elements as well as the explanatory notes describing, within the context of the ABS Elements, the distinctive features and specific practices of the different subsectors of GRFA. The explanatory notes were welcomed by the Commission and the FAO Conference in 2019.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO. 2019. ABS Elements: Elements to facilitate domestic implementation of access and benefit-sharing for different subsectors of genetic resources for food and agriculture - with explanatory notes. FAO, Rome.

Conservation Agriculture. Training Guide for Extension Agents and Farmers in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Type of publication: Book Author: Coorsi, S. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 140 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-131456-2 Agrovoc: Conservation agriculture; Sustainable agriculture; Agricultural production; Intensive farming; Farm equipment; Weed control; Crop residues; Phytosanitary measures; Farmer field schools; Extension activities; Training materials; Eastern Europe; Central Asia.

Abstract: Agriculture in Eastern Europe and Central Asia is diverse, and has great potential to revitalize the economy of the countries in the region via improved productivity (efficiency) and higher total yield for food, fodder and fibre crops. Conservation agriculture can rise to the major challenge of making sustainable intensification of production systems a reality. In order for farmers to transition to appropriate sustainable production systems, the provision of an adequate enabling environment and access to knowledge and services, including extension, mechanization, inputs and market intelligence, are crucial. This Guide is designed to provide coherent technical tools to Farmer Field Schools and extension service facilitators of conservation agriculture. Furthermore, the Guide is suitable for use within universities’ agriculture curricula.

Download file Cite this publication as: Corsi, S. and Muminjanov, H. 2019. Conservation Agriculture: Training guide for extension agents and farmers in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Rome, FAO.

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Newsletter Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari DOCUMENTATION CENTRE - CIHEAM BARI Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets. November 2019

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Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 104 p.

Author: FAO Serial Title: Food Outlook ; November 2019 ISBN: 978-92-5-131932-1

Agriculture

Agrovoc: Commodity markets; Crop production; Crop forecasting; Trade policies; Agricultural prices; Food prices; International trade policies; Reports.

Abstract: From a global perspective, food commodity markets in 2019/20 should continue to be generally well supplied, with international prices remaining below their recent peaks. However, a fast changing trade environment along with the outbreaks of important animal and plant diseases could pose challenges for global market stability. The special feature article on Commodity Focus (p.13) ‘Banana Fusarium Wilt Tropical Race 4: A mounting threat to global banana markets?’

Download file ​Cite this publication as: FAO. 2019. Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets – November 2019. Rome.

Policy guide to improve water use efficiency in small-scale agriculture. The case of Burkina Faso, Morocco and Uganda Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2019 Author: Salman, M., Pek, E. & Lamaddalena, N. Publisher: FAO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SDC Pages: 80 ISBN: 978-92-5-131998-7 Agrovoc: Small scale farming; Water resources; Water supply; Irrigation schemes; Water use efficiency; Water conservation; Best practices; Case studies; Burkina Faso; Morocco; Uganda.

Abstract: This policy guide is drawn from the results of the FAO Project “Strengthening Agricultural Water Efficiency and Productivity at the African and Global Level” funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and cooperation (SDC). The long term vision of the project was that the in-country findings and processes which are of common nature can be synthesized and scaled up to other countries in a regional cooperation process and globally. This will eventually lead to the increase of investment in Agricultural Water Management (AWM) in the targeted countries – and beyond – that is socially equitable, profitable at the farm level, economically viable, environmentally neutral or positive, and sustainable. The Guide focuses on the specific component of Enhancing Water Use Efficiency at small scale irrigation as one of the major outputs of the project. While creating and implementing Water Use Efficiency (WUE) measures at field level, existing policy frameworks were mapped and analyzed, and recommendations were defined as scalable policy instruments with the aim to demonstrate case-specific experiences to the collectively agreed goal of using water resources efficiently.

Download file Cite this publication as: Salman, M., Pek, E. & Lamaddalena, N. 2019. Policy guide to improve water-use efficiency in small-scale agriculture – The case of Burkina Faso, Morocco and Uganda. Rome, FAO.

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Climate change

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Type of publication: Book Author: Martina Ulrichs, Cecilia Costella, Rebecca Holmes, Federico Spano,and Ana Ocampo Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: Red Cross / Red Crescent Climate Centre Pages: 64 ISBN: 978-92-5-131884-3 Agrovoc: Climate change; Risk management; Agricultural Sector; Rural poverty; Food security; Social protection; Resilience; Livelihoods; Smallholders; Sustainable Development Goals.

Abstract: FAO recognizes that those living in rural areas whose livelihoods depend heavily on natural resources, are disproportionately affected by climate risks because of their great likelihood of living in high-risk geographical locations as well as their high vulnerability to, and limited capacity to cope with, climate hazards due to low incomes, lack of savings, weaker social networks, low asset bases and heavy reliance on agriculture and natural resources.

Protecting poor and vulnerable small scale producers from the negative impacts of climate risks is an imperative in order to reach FAO’s strategic objectives and achieve Sustainable development goal one and two. Managing Climate risks through social protection sheds light on social protection as an effective investment to safeguard the livelihood of small scale producers and strengthen their essential role in ensuring food security across the globe.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO and Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre. 2019. Managing climate risks through social protection – Reducing rural poverty and building resilient agricultural livelihoods. Rome.

Indicators to monitor and evaluate the sustainability of bioeconomy.

Overview and a proposed way forward Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2019 Author: Bracco, S., Tani, A., Çalıcıoğlu, Ö., Gomez San Juan, M. & Bogdanski, A. Publisher: FAO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 127 Serial Title: Environment and Natural Resources Management - Working Paper ; 77 ISBN: 978-92-5-131796-9 Agrovoc: Bioeconomics; Biomonitoring; Monitoring and evaluation; Sustainable development.

Abstract: FAO has been working for many years on non-food biomass products (including sustainable bioenergy) and biotechnology, and it received a mandate to coordinate international work on ‘food first’ sustainable bioeconomy by 62 Ministers present at the Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA) 2015. Moreover, FAO has received

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Climate change

Managing climate risks through social protection. Reducing rural poverty and building resilient agricultural livelihoods

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support from the Government of Germany to develop guidelines on sustainable bioeconomy development (Phase 1: 2016; Phase 2: 2017-mid 2020). This involves work on the bioeconomy monitoring, including the selection and use of indicators. The ultimate aim of FAO’s work on sustainability indicators is to provide technical assistance to countries and stakeholders in developing and monitoring sustainable bioeconomy, more particularly on identifying suitable indicators in line with the Sustainable Bioeconomy Aspirational Principles and related Criteria, agreed upon in 2016 by the International Sustainable Bioeconomy Working Group created in the context of FAO’s project on Sustainable Bioeconomy Guidelines. These indicators shall help both policy makers and producers/manufacturers in monitoring and evaluating the sustainability of their bioeconomy strategies and interventions. In order to cover all the relevant aspects and issues for a sustainable bioeconomy, our approach identifies impact categories from the sustainable bioeconomy principles and criteria. The monitoring approach suggested is balanced, since it considers the three sustainability dimensions (social, economic and environmental); at the same time, it proposes to use a limited set of core indicators, to keep the monitoring feasible and cost-effective. The suggested methodology starts with a review of existing monitoring approaches to identify already available indicators, from which the authors.

Download file Cite this publication as: Bracco, S., Tani, A., Çalıcıoğlu, Ö., Gomez San Juan, M. & Bogdanski, A. 2019. Indicators to monitor and evaluate the sustainability of bioeconomy. Overview and a proposed way forward. Rome, FAO.

Economic and social development Farms, family farms, farmland distribution and farm labour: What do we know today?

Type of publication: Book Author: Lowder, S.K., Sánchez, M.V., Bertini, R. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 80 p.

Serial Title: FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper ; 19-08 ISBN: 978-92-5-131970-3 Agrovoc: Family farms; Farmland; Geographical distribution; Farm size; Labour; Sustainable Development Goals; Agricultural censuses; Surveys.

Abstract: A better and more complete understanding of family farms is urgently needed to guide policy makers’ efforts towards achieving a number of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper takes stock of the number of farms worldwide, and their distribution and that of farmland, on the basis of agricultural censuses and survey data. Thus, it shows that there are more than 608 million farms in the world. Rough estimates also indicate that more than 90 percent of these farms are family farms (by our definition) occupying around 70–80 percent of farmland and producing about 80 percent of the world’s food in value terms. We underscore the importance of not referring to family farms and small farms (i.e., those of less than 2 hectares) interchangeably: the latter account for 84 percent of all farms worldwide, but operate only around 12 percent of all agricultural land, and produce roughly 36 percent of the world’s food. The largest 1 percent of farms in the world operate more than 70 percent of the world’s farmland. The stark differences between family farms, in terms of size, their share in farmland distribution, and their patterns across income groups and regions, make clear the importance of properly defining different types of farms and distinguishing their differences when engaging in policy discourse and decision making towards the SDGs. The paper also considers evidence on labour and age provided by the censuses.

There is a need to improve agricultural censuses if we want to deepen our understanding of farms.

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Cite this publication as: Lowder, S.K., Sánchez, M.V. & Bertini, R. 2019. Farms, family farms, farmland distribution and farm labour: What do we know today? FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper 19-08. Rome, FAO.

Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Europe and Central Asia 2018. The role of migration, rural women and youth in sustainable development Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2018 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 110 pp ISBN: 978-92-5-131153-0 Agrovoc: Famine; Malnutrition; Food security; Food production; Food policies; Sustainable Development Goals; Gender; Youth; Rural development; Europe; Central Asia.

Abstract: The Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Europe and Central Asia 2018 provides new evidence for monitoring trends in food security and nutrition within the framework of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. The in-depth analysis of progress made against Sustainable Development Goal 2 Target 2.1 (to end hunger and ensure access to food by all) and Target 2.2 (to end all forms of malnutrition), as well as the state of micronutrient deficiencies, is complemented by a review of recent policy measures taken to address food security and nutrition in all its dimensions. The Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region encompasses great economic, social and environmental diversity, and its countries are facing various food security and nutrition challenges. While they have made significant progress in reducing the prevalence of undernourishment over the past two decades, new evidence shows a stagnation of this trend, particularly in Central Asia. Malnutrition in one or more of its three main forms – undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and overweight and obesity – is present to varying degrees in all countries of the region. Often, all three forms coexist, creating what is called the “triple burden of malnutrition.” Overweight among children and obesity among adults continue to rise – with now almost one-fourth of the region’s adults obese – and constitute a significant concern for future health and well-being and related costs. While poverty levels in most ECA countries have been declining in recent years, poverty coupled with inequality has led to increased vulnerability of disadvantaged groups and populations in rural and remote areas of low- and lower-middle-income countries. New analysis shows that adult women have a higher prevalence of severe food insecurity than men in some areas, pointing to gender inequalities that are reflected in access to food.

Addressing gender and other inequalities is key to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and heeding the call to “leave no one behind.” The publication’s focus this year is on migration, gender and youth and the linkages with rural development and food security in Europe and Central Asia. Migration is linked in multiple ways to gender, youth, and agricultural and rural development – both as a driver and possible source of development opportunities, with labour migration and remittances playing significant roles in the region. Changing migration processes need to be fully understood to better address the challenges of migration and harness the potential benefits for sustainable development and revitalized rural areas. Governments, public and private institutions, communities and other concerned parties must strengthen collaboration and scale up efforts towards achieving the goals of a thriving, healthy and food-secure region.

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Cite this publication as: FAO. 2020. Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Europe and Central Asia 2018. The role of migration, rural women and youth in sustainable development. Rome.

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Newsletter Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari DOCUMENTATION CENTRE - CIHEAM BARI 2019 Africa Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition. Containing the damage of economic slowdowns and downturns to food security in Africa

Economic and social development

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Type of publication: Book Author: FAO; ECA; AUC Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Accra, Ghana Other Entities Involved: Economic Commission for Africa and African Union Commission Pages: 104 p.

Serial Title: Regional Overview of Food Insecurity, Africa ; 1 ISBN: 978-92-5-132051-8 Agrovoc: Food security; Famine; Malnutrition; Commodities; Food prices; Price volatility; Impact assessment; Unemployment; Conflicts; Social security; Social protection; Economic policies; Africa.

Abstract: In the 2017 and 2018 editions of the Africa Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition, FAO reported that the prevalence of undernourishment was rising in the region. The latest data shows that the deterioration has slowed, but there remain 256 million hungry people in Africa today. The report further documents that although many African countries are making progress towards reducing malnutrition, progress is too slow to meet six key nutrition targets, which form part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) monitoring framework and the World Health Assembly global nutrition targets. Food insecurity has been rising in Africa in recent years and the continent is not on track to eliminate hunger by 2030. The 2017, 2018 and this year’s report identify and report in detail on conflict, climate extremes and economic slowdowns and downturns as the key drivers of the rise in food insecurity. In most cases, the economic slowdowns and downturns that contributed to rising undernourishment in 2014–2018 were the result of commodity price falls. Many effective policy tools are available, but their adoption will depend on the availability of fiscal space to effect the desired policy action. In the longer-term, countries must develop policies and invest to achieve a more diversified economy and achieve an inclusive structural transformation. However, sustained economic growth is not enough: reducing inequalities, including gender-based and spatial inequalities, is essential to strengthening household resilience, laying the path to inclusive growth and reducing food insecurity and tackling the multiple forms of malnutrition.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO, ECA and AUC. 2020. Africa Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2019. Accra.

Rural migration in sub-Saharan Africa: patterns, drivers and relation to structural transformation. Rural employment working paper Type of publication: Book Author: Mercandalli S., Losch B. (eds.), Belebema M.N., Bélières J.-F., Bourgeois R., Dinbabo M.F., Fréguin-Gresh S., Mensah C., Nshimbi C.C. Publisher: FAO and CIRAD Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: CIRAD, GovInn Pages: 100 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132110-2 Agrovoc: Rural urban migration; Urban rural migration; Impact assessment; Population dynamics; Rural development; Urban development; Structural change; Case studies; Data collection;

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Abstract: Sub-Saharan Africa has a long history of internal and international migratory movements. Migration patterns and dynamics from, to and between rural areas are profoundly differentiated across regions, and flows have considerably evolved over time. Yet, more recently, rural migration takes place in the unique situation of a major rural and urban demographic increase, which results in critical socio-economic and environmental challenges. In this context, intertwined migration drivers emerge and call for a better understanding of on-going dynamics. This working paper draws on a combination of literature review and data analysis, building on the results of the Atlas “Rural Africa in motion. Dynamics and drivers of migration South of the Sahara”. This mixed approach is used to propose a conceptual framework based on past, current and future drivers of migration, then to examine observed patterns of rural migration and finally to discuss drivers’ characteristics and dynamics from case studies and existing datasets.

Download file ​ ite this publication as: Mercandalli S., Losch B. (eds.), Belebema M.N., Bélières J.-F., Bourgeois R., Dinbabo M.F., C Fréguin-Gresh S., Mensah C., Nshimbi C.C. 2019. Rural migration in sub−Saharan Africa: Patterns, drivers and relation to structural transformation. Rome, FAO and CIRAD.

The right to water for food and agriculture The *right to water for food and agriculture / E. Morgera … [et al.]. - Rome : FAO, 2020. - 130 p. : ill. - FAO Legislative Studies ; 113.

Type of publication: Book Author: Morgera, E., Webster, E., Hamley, G., Sindico, F., Robbie, J., Switzer, S., Berger, T., Silva Sànchez, P.P., Lennan, M., Martin-Nagle, R., Tsioumani, E., Moynihan, R. & Zydek, A. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 130 p.

Serial Title: FAO Legislative Studies ; 113 ISBN: 978-92-5-132301-4 Agrovoc: Right to water; Water rights; Human rights; Legislation; International law; Indigenous peoples; Tenure.

Abstract: The right to water emerged in the nineties primarily as the right to domestic water for drinking, washing and cooking, and was closely related to the right to sanitation, both of which are seen as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living. This study examines the question of the right to water for food and agriculture and asks whether such a right can be found in the right to water, or whether it is more appropriate to examine the right to adequate food for that purpose. Seeking inspiration from the right to adequate food and from other fields of international law, the study explores the content of the right to water for food and agriculture and then considers its implications for water law. Recognizing a human right to water – for drinking and household needs as well as for growing food – has implications for water allocation and sets limits to the extent that water can be allocated for other uses. In addition, it entails the respect for procedural rights and attention to important principles, such as the principle of non-discrimination and the rights of indigenous peoples.

Download file Cite this publication as: Morgera, E., Webster, E., Hamley, G., Sindico, F., Robbie, J., Switzer, S., Berger, T., Silva Sànchez, P.P., Lennan, M., Martin-Nagle, R., Tsioumani, E., Moynihan, R. & Zydek, A. 2020. The right to water for food and agriculture. Rome, FAO.​

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Fisheries and aquaculture

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Allocated zones for aquaculture. A guide for the establishment of coastal zones dedicated to aquaculture in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea Type of publication: Book Author: Macias, J.C., Avila Zaragozá, P., Karakassis, I., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Massa, F., Fezzardi, D., Yücel Gier, G., Franičević, V., Borg, J.A., Chapela Pérez, R.M., Tomassetti, P., Angel, D.L., Marino, G., Nhhala, H., Hamza, H., Carmignac, C. & Fourdain, L. Publisher: FAO

Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 92 p.

Serial Title: General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) - Session Repor ; 97 ISBN: 978-92-5-131975-8

Sea; Black Sea.

Agrovoc: Small-scale fisheries; Pelagic fisheries; Demersal fisheries; Fishery resources; Species; Cartilaginous fishes; Diadromous fishes; Age determination; Stock assessment; Data collection; Data analysis; Mediterranean

Abstract: This guide is a collection of concepts and practical information aimed at facilitating the establishment of allocated zones for aquaculture (AZAs) in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. It provides detailed information on the process involved in the establishment of an AZA and it is intended as a practical and comprehensive tool to better understand site selection and planning for aquaculture. This publication first provides a brief overview of the international and regional context, and reviews the institutional and legal framework related to AZAs at various levels. Sequential explanations on the AZA establishment process as well as suggestions for the main steps are then presented. The step-by-step approach for the establishment of AZAs takes into account a number of specific aspects, such as geographic information system tools, exclusion criteria and stakeholder participation, the main actors to be involved, the role of relevant authorities in charge of geographical and/or marine aquaculture planning, statutory responsibilities, prevention and resolution of possible conflicts, and decision-making. The guide also describes the objectives and contents of AZA management plans and presents the parameters to be used as reference points for the AZA implementation. It is addressed to decision-makers from relevant bodies and administrations, governmental and non-governmental organizations, scientific research institutions, aquaculture producers and fishing communities, as well as other relevant stakeholders involved in aquaculture activities, coastal development, and in the use of the aquatic environment and resources.

Download file Cite this publication as: Macias, J.C., Avila Zaragozá, P., Karakassis, I., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Massa, F., Fezzardi, D., Yücel Gier, G., Franičević, V., Borg, J.A., Chapela Pérez, R.M., Tomassetti, P., Angel, D.L., Marino, G., Nhhala, H., Hamza, H., Carmignac, C. & Fourdain, L. 2019. Allocated zones for aquaculture: a guide for the establishment of coastal zones dedicated to aquaculture in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Studies and Reviews. No 97. Rome, FAO. 90 pp.

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Aquafeed value chain analysis and a review of regulatory framework of striped catfish farming in Viet Nam Type of publication: Book Author: Hasan, M.R.; Shipton, T.A.; Bueno, P.B. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 71 Serial Title: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper ; T648 ISBN: 978-92-5-132004-4 Agrovoc: Sea catfish; Fish culture; Fishery production; Fish feeding; Feed supply chain; Fish processing; Product quality; Packaging; Transport; Storage; Certification; Regulations; Viet Nam. Abstract: This Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper presents the findings of a value chain analysis of the aquafeed (aquatic animal feed) sub-sector for the striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farming in Viet Nam, including a review of aquafeed regulatory framework in the country. The striped catfish (pangasius) production subsector is characterized by intensive pond production technology and high-quality production inputs. In 2014, annual production of pangasius was 1 143 797 tonnes. The key actors in the value chain comprise input suppliers, including feed ingredients suppliers, feed manufacturers, and hatchery operators (seed producers), along with fingerling and grow-out farmers, fish processors, exporters, consumers and service providers. In recent years, large-scale vertically integrated enterprises have started to emerge that operate along the entire value chain, and these now dominate many areas of production.

Download file Cite this publication as: Hasan, M.R., Shipton, T.A. and Bueno, P.B. 2019. Aquafeed value chain analysis and a review of regulatory framework of striped catfish farming in Viet Nam. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 648. Rome, FAO. Decision-making and economics of adaptation to climate change in the fisheries and aquaculture sector Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2019 Author: Watkiss, P.; Ventura, A.; Poulain, F. Publisher: FAO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 67 p.

Serial Title: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Papers ; 650 ISBN: 978-92-5-132016-7 Agrovoc: Fisheries; Aquaculture; Climate change adaptation; Economic analysis; Cost benefit analysis; Fishery policies Abstract: This publication reviews available information on the costs and benefits of climate change adaptation in the fisheries and aquaculture sector, highlights the challenges in applying conventional appraisal and decision support tools to adaptation and reviews emerging frameworks (including low-regret actions, addressing potential lock-in, and early planning for long-term adaptation) as well as economic tools to appraise adaptation options in fisheries and aquaculture.

Download file Cite this publication as: Watkiss, P., Ventura, A. and Poulain, F. 2019. Decision-making and economics of adaptation

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to climate change in the fisheries and aquaculture sector. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 650.

Rome, FAO. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 291 p.

Serial Title: FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture assessments ISBN: 978-92-5-131608-5 Agrovoc: Marine fisheries; Aquaculture; Aquatic environment; Animal genetic resources; Genetic resources conservation; Sustainable development; Legislation; International cooperation; Education; Extension programmes.

Abstract: The conservation, sustainable use and development of aquatic genetic resources (AqGR) is critical to the future supply of fish. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture is the first ever global assessment of these resources, with the scope of this first Report being limited to cultured AqGR and their wild relatives, within national jurisdiction. The Report draws on 92 reports from FAO member countries and five specially commissioned thematic background studies. The reporting countries are responsible for 96 percent of global aquaculture production. The Report sets the context with a review of the state of world’s aquaculture and fisheries and includes overviews of the uses and exchanges of AqGR, the drivers and trends impacting AqGR and the extent of ex situ and in situ conservation efforts. The Report also investigates the roles of stakeholders in AqGR and the levels of activity in research, education, training and extension, and reviews national policies and the levels of regional and international cooperation on AqGR. Finally, needs and challenges are assessed in the context of the findings from the data collected from the countries. The Report represents a snapshot of the present status of AqGR and forms a valuable technical reference document, particularly where it presents standardized key terminology and concepts.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO. 2019. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture assessments. Rome.

Regional fisheries management organizations and advisory bodies. Activities and developments, 2000–2017 Type of publication: Book Author: Løbach, T., Petersson, M., Haberkon, E., Mannini, P. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 127 p.

Serial Title: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Papers ; 651 ISBN: 978-92-5-132237-6 Agrovoc: Fishery management; Regional development; Governance; Cooperation.

organizations; Regional

Abstract: The regional dimension is key to international fisheries management

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policy, as demonstrated by the rapid expansion of the family of regional fisheries bodies (RFBs). There are some 50 RFBs worldwide. Most provide only advice to their members, and are hence referred to in this work as regional fisheries advisory bodies (RFABs). Regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) have mandates to adopt legally binding conservation and management measures based on the best scientific evidence. Global instruments and normative processes have to be implemented and translated into actions at the country and regional levels, as appropriate. In this regard, regionalization of fisheries and aquaculture governance can provide opportunities not only to address common concerns, create synergies and mainstream the global objectives of relevant UN bodies, but also to broaden outreach on the global fisheries agenda to regional partners that may not be directly concerned with fisheries, as well as to the general public. The present study provides an overview of the activities and developments of RFMOs and RFABs from 2000 to 2017. It is based on a compilation of data and information for 46 RFMOs and RFABs. Download file Cite this publication as: Terje Løbach, T., Petersson, M., Haberkon, E. & Mannini, P. 2020. Regional fisheries management organizations and advisory bodies. Activities and developments, 2000–2017. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 651. Rome, FAO.

Food safety and nutrition Joint FAO/WHO Expert Meeting in collaboration with OIE on Foodborne Antimicrobial Resistance: Role of the Environment, Crops and Biocides. Meeting report Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2019 Author: FAO/WHO Publisher: FAO and WHO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: WHO Pages: 62 Serial Title: Microbiological Risk Assessment Series (FAO/WHO) ; 34 ISBN: 978-92-5-131890-4 Agrovoc: Crops; Food production; Food contamination; Foodborne diseases; Bacteria; Antimicrobial resistance; Biocides.

Abstract: Responding to the request from the 39th Session Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) and the ad hoc Codex Intergovernmental Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (TFAMR) for information about antimimcrobial resistance, this report provides scientific advice on the subject derived from a joint “FAO/WHO expert meeting on foodborne antimicrobial resistance: role of environment, crops and biocides” on 11-15 June 2018 in Rome, Italy. There is clear scientific evidence that foods of plant origin may serve as a vehicle of foodborne exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Aquaculture products can also carry bacteria that are resistant to medically important antimicrobials. As such, concerted efforts should be made to mitigate their contamination at all stages of the food chain, from production to consumption. Notably, antimicrobials should only be used in crop production according to label guidelines in the context of integrated pest management strategies. To improve food safety, best management practices should be adhered to with respect to the use of human and animal wastes for soil amendment purposes and for the prevention of environmental contamination where aquatic animals are raised for food. Foods of plant and aquatic animal origin food incorporated in to integrated surveillance plans for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring. Because of the theoretical potential for disinfecting chemical to co-select for AMR, biocides should be used according to manufacturers’ recommendations.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO and WHO. 2019. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Meeting in collaboration with OIE on Foodborne

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Antimicrobial Resistance: Role of the Environment, Crops and Biocides – Meeting report. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series no. 34. Rome.

Nutrition and livestock. Technical guidance to harness the potential of livestock for improved nutrition of vulnerable populations in programme planning Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 64 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132053-2

Forestry

Agrovoc: Livestock production; Value chains; Impact assessment; Human nutrition; Local communities; Vulnerability; Nutritional status; Nutrition education.

Abstract: This technical guidance brief summarizes some of the current thinking on how livestock can address the nutritional needs of vulnerable households and groups. It outlines recommendations for designing and implementing livestock interventions to leverage nutrition outcomes. It is intended for use by programme planners and managers working for government, humanitarian and development agencies involved in designing and implementing livestock-related policies and programmes, with the objective of helping in integration of nutrition outcomes in their work. Additionally, it is aimed at those involved in developing nutritional polices and strategies, to take into consideration the potential of livestock based strategies to improve nutrition.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO. 2020. Nutrition and livestock – Technical guidance to harness the potential of livestock for improved nutrition of vulnerable populations in programme planning. Rome.

Forestry FAO Framework Methodology for Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments of Forests and Forest Dependent People. A framework methodology Type of publication: Book Author: A. Meybeck; A. Rose.; V. Gitz Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2019 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: FTA, CIFOR, ICRAF, Bioversity, CATIE, CIRAD, Tropenbos International, INBAR Pages: 98 Serial Title: FAO Forestry Paper ; 183 ISBN: 978-92-5-131981-9 Agrovoc: Forests; Climate change; Impact assessment; Climate change adaptation; Climate change mitigation; Community forestry; Forest monitoring and assessment; Sustainable forest management.

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Abstract: Negative impacts of climate change on forests threaten the delivery of crucial wood and non-wood goods and environmental services on which an estimated 1.6 billion people fully or partly depend. Assessment of the vulnerability of forests and forest-dependent people to climate change is a necessary first step for identifying the risks and the most vulnerable areas and people, and for developing measures for adaptation and targeting them for specific contexts. This publication provides practical technical guidance for forest vulnerability assessment in the context of climate change.

It describes the elements that should be considered for different time horizons and outlines a structured approach for conducting these assessments. The framework will guide practitioners in conducting a step-by-step analysis and will facilitate the choice and use of appropriate tools and methods. Background information is provided separately in text boxes, to assist readers with differing amounts of experience in forestry, climate change and assessment practices. The publication will provide useful support to any vulnerability assessment with a forest- and tree-related component.

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Restoration in Action Against Desertification. A manual for large-scale restoration to support rural communities’ resilience in the Great Green Wall Programme Type of publication: Book Author: Sacande, M., Parfondry, M. & Cicatiello, C. Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: EU-ACP, African Union Pages: 92 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-131947-5 Agrovoc: Land degradation; Desertification; Field preparation; Forest landscape restoration; Sustainable land management; Rural communities; Resilience; Questionnaires; Sampling; Surveys.

Abstract: This publication supports processes related to rural communities’ resilience in implementing land restoration of the Great Green Wall Programme on the ground. It serves a dual purpose of consolidating biophysical operations and socio-economic assessments, and is mainly built on five-year interventions and practical experiences gathered through Action Against Desertification. The first part of the publication is a practical manual expressly created for stakeholders, partners, non-governmental organizations and community-based organizations. Its purpose is to guide the implementation of restoration operations at scale on the ground, as well as to provide detailed practical instructions based on the successful results obtained by Action Against Desertification. The manual describes how to implement an innovative approach to the large-scale restoration of degraded land for smallscale farming. This innovative approach consists of combining enrichment planting of native woody and fodder grass species and the preparation of large-scale land for rainwater harvesting and soil permeability. The second part of the manual introduces a methodology for socio-economic assessments. This easy to-to-use approach is based on household surveys and can be used by socio-economic experts to monitor, evaluate and assess the socio-economic impacts of the large-scale restoration interventions. Household surveys are not only used for impact assessment but can potentially serve to collect useful data needed to plan a restoration intervention. Quantitative information is collected through carefully chosen standardized questions to households as samples.

Download file Cite this publication as: Parfondry M. & Cicatiello C. 2019. Restoration in Action Against Desertification. A manual for large-scale restoration to support rural communities’ resilience in Africa’s Great Green Wall. Rome, FAO.

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​ ite this publication as: Meybeck, A., Rose, S. and Gitz, V. 2019. Climate change vulnerability assessment of forests C and forest-dependent people – A framework methodology. FAO Forestry Paper No. 183. Rome, FAO.

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Guidelines for personal protection when handling and applying pesticides.

International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management Type of publication: Book Year of publication: 2020 Publisher: FAO and WHO Place of publication: Rome, Italy Other Entities Involved: WHO Pages: 75 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132072-3 Agrovoc: Pesticides; Health hazards; Health protection; Risk reduction; Pesticide legislation; Guidelines.

Abstract: These guidelines are intended to provide guidance on pesticide risk reduction through reduced exposure by effective personal protection with special attention to the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). First, they provide technical information on personal protection and on the selection and use of PPE. Second, in line with the FAO/WHO International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management, they address policy issues and recommend measures to improve personal protection and specifically the use and availability of adequate quality and affordable PPE. They are primarily aimed at government authorities in charge of pesticide management and risk reduction, but are also considered useful to public and private sectors such as pesticide industry, non-governmental organisations (NGO) and other relevant entities. More specifically, these guidelines are targeted at stakeholders in low and middle income countries (LMICs) where it is acknowledged that there is limited legislation, compliance and enforcement, and PPE availability. These Guidelines were developed by the FAO/WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Management (JMPM) to provide guidance on provisions in the Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management that are related to personal protection of pesticide users.

They are meant to enhance current national legislation and regulations on personal protection and personal protective equipment (PPE) or where there is none, to provide guidance. They reflect the FAO/WHO joint approach on pesticide management, thus addressing personal protection of both agricultural and public health operators/applicators, the latter being engaged in using insecticides for vector control.

Download file Cite this publication as: FAO and WHO. 2020. Guidelines for personal protection when handling and applying pesticides. International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management. Rome.

Red Palm Weevil: Guidelines on management practices Type of publication: Book Publisher: FAO Year of publication: 2020 Place of publication: Rome, Italy Pages: 100 p.

ISBN: 978-92-5-132189-8 Agrovoc: Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; Pests of plants; Classification; Geographical distribution; Life cycle; Integrated Pest Management; Phoenix dactylifera; Phoenix canariensis; Inspection; Phytosanitary measures; Pesticide application; Agronomic practices; Good practices; Regulations; Guidelines.

Abstract: Since gaining a foothold on date palm in the Near East during the mid1980s, the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier has spread

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rapidly over the last three decades and is now a major pest of palms in a diverse range of agroecosystems worldwide.

In most of the countries affected, failure to manage RPW can be attributed to a lack of awareness about this pest and to lack of systematic and coordinated control actions or management strategies that involve all stakeholders. These guidelines have been developed by FAO to support all those involved in the day-to-day management of RPW in the field (including farmers and pest-management professionals), researchers, and the decision-makers and administrative stakeholders who support the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for RPW. Written by internationally recognized RPW experts, the guidelines describe the biology and host range of RPW and address all aspects of RPW-IPM, including surveillance, phytosanitary measures, early detection, pheromone trapping protocols, preventive and curative chemical treatments, removal and safe disposal of severely infested palms, and best agricultural practices to mitigate attacks by this lethal pest of palms.

Download file ​Cite this publication as: FAO. 2020. Red Palm Weevil: Guidelines on management practices. Rome.

Editor-in-chief:

Editorial board:

Luigi Sisto e-mail: l.sisto@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606265

Giuseppe Inchingolo e-mail: inchingolog@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606269 Wanda Occhialini e-mail: occhialini@iamb.it Tel. 080/4606266

Graphic design and layout:

Fabio La Notte e-mail: lanotte@iamb.it Tel.080/4606221

La presente newsletter non viene considerata una “testata giornalistica” e neppure un “prodotto editoriale” ai sensi della legge n° 62 del 7.03.2001. I testi e le immagini inserite nella sezione “news” sono tratte da siti internet e, pertanto, considerate di pubblico dominio. Tuttavia i curatori della presente si impegnano a citarne le fonti tramite link ai siti web di riferimento non ritenendosi quindi responsabili del loro contenuto che può essere soggetto a variazioni nel tempo.

This newsletter is neither deemed to be a “newspaper” nor an “editorial product” under the terms of law no. 62 of 7 March 2001. Texts and images in the “news” section are taken from Internet websites and are thus considered to be in the public domain. However, the editors of this newsletter are committed to quote the sources through links to the reference websites and, therefore, they shall not be held liable for their content that may be subject to possible changes over time.

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Plant production and health

Mediterranean Agronomic Institue of Bari