Voices from the Prairie Fall 2010

voices

from

the

A publication of Humanities Iowa • Fall 2010

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HI Board of Directors

Contents—

President

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Trains & Steam & Iowa

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If We Build the Rail road, They Will Come

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The Worst Wreck Ever

Jeff Heland, Burlington

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Iowa Writers' Celebration

Neil Nakadate, Ames

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Union Pacific Museum

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Events

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Prairie Lights & Grants

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Grants

Fiona Valentine, Sioux City

Vice-President

Tim Johnson, Washington vol. xii no.

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Secretary

Barb O’Hea, Peosta

is published three times a year and distributed to the friends of Humanities Iowa and interested Iowans. To subscribe please contact us:

Treasurer

NEW ADDRESS! Humanities Iowa

George Barlow, Grinnell Graciela Caneiro-Livingston, Dubuque Sue Cosner, West Des Moines Tom Dean, Iowa City Kate Gronstal, Council Bluffs Ken Lyftogt, Cedar Falls Sam Mulgrew, Peosta Moudy Nabulsi, Fort Madison Sally Phelps, Spencer Dick Ramsay, Spirit Lake Steve Siegel, Ottumwa Dorothy Simpson-Taylor, Cedar Rapids Ralph Swain, Sioux City

100 Lib Rm 4039 Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1420 phone: (319) 335-4153 fax: (319) 335-4154 info@humanitiesiowa.org www.humanitiesiowa.org

Mission Statement

The mission of Humanities Iowa is to promote understanding and appreciation of the people, communities, cultures and stories of importance to Iowa and the nation.

Humanities Iowa is a nonprofit organization funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Past President

Directors

HI Staff Christopher Rossi, Executive Director c-rossi@uiowa.edu Heather Plucar, Administrative/ Development Officer heather-plucar@uiowa.edu Cheryl Walsh, Grants Director cheryl-walsh@uiowa.edu Jessica Mimick, Program Officer/Media Specialist jessica-mimick@uiowa.edu Steve Semken, Voices from the Prairie, editor steven-semken@uiowa.edu

Join other Iowans and support Humanities Iowa. Donations are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. Humanities Iowa also accepts gifts of stock or securities. To make a donation or receive more information please contact our office at 319-335-4153, at info@humanitiesiowa.org, or through our website at www.humanitiesiowa.org.

Humanities Iowa is having an open call for new board nominations. We welcome nominations for board members at any time. Please call or email with nominations.

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Follow Humanities Iowa like never before!

Join us on Twitter, Facebook, or YouTube. It's easy: Get tweets on events and news @ twitter.com/humanitiesiowa View our Facebook page @ www.facebook.com/humanitiesiowa Check out our Prairie Lights book partnership and other HI events on YouTube @ www.youtube.com/humanitiesiowa And of course find news and information on speakers, library programs, and other ways to get involved with Humanities Iowa on our home page @ www.humanitiesiowa.org About the Cover: Great Northern Rly. Extra 3383 East, Kandiyohi, Minnesota © David Plowden Find out more about

Mr. Plowden and our Annual Iowa Writers' Celebration in this issue.

-Sidebar photo, pg. 4 from public domain Join other Iowans and support Humanities Iowa!

Trains & Steam & Iowa This fall Humanities Iowa will host our 11th Voices from the Prairie, Iowa Writers' Celebration featuring essayist and photographer David Plowden. In honor of Mr. Plowden's love of trains and good writing we present an issue on trains and steam and Iowa.

photo Š David Plowden

"Boarding a train at a small town like Allerton was entirely different from boarding a train at a terminal such as La Salle Street Station in Chicago. When you arrived at La Salle Street Station, the train was waiting for you. When you arrived at a small-town depot like Allerton's, you waited for the train. The waiting, anticipation, and growing excitement made the difference. To this you could add the gradual transformation of the depot from a lonely little building into a place of intense interest, activity, and urgency. When you first saw the light of the locomotive in the distance and heard the sound of the whistle, you could not

repress the feeling of elation that caused your pulse to quicken and your body to tremble." from Central Standard (Univ. of Iowa, 2002), by Patrick Irelan.

Patrick Irelan's other books include Firefly In The Night and Reruns.

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“If we build the railroad, they will come!”

by Rudy Daniels

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owa is known as the "Hawkeye State" and the "Tall Corn State." It should also be known as the "Railroad State," because Iowans have contributed so many important innovations to railroading. Iowa has accomplished firsts in everything from rail car design to safety appliances, to cultural norms.

As far as railroading is concerned, one might say, "the way Iowa went, so went the nation!" The state is the perfect example of, "If we build the railroad, they will come."

During the early 1800s, Iowa found it difficult to attract settlers to the new territory. Farmers could not take advantage of the rich soil because they could not practically haul their crops over land to markets on the east and west coasts. Farming, therefore, could only take place to any significant degree along Iowa’s few navigable rivers and then, only for short distances.

When the state encouraged the laying of track westward from the Mississippi to the Missouri River, people came.

Iowa became a classic example of land development led by the railroads. Soon a spider web of tracks networked and covered the state. The population increased as track mileage grew. With 650 miles of track in 1860, Iowa had 674,900

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residents. With 2,700 miles of track in 1870, Iowa’s population doubled to over 1,200,000 people. By World War I, Iowa had over 10,500 miles of track and no community was more than 15 miles from a depot. It was said that one could walk in a straight line from anywhere in Iowa and cross railroad tracks within 13 miles! Because of railroad transportation, farmers could move to Iowa to feed the nation and the world.

The web of trackage, however, is only part of the story. An Iowa explanation helps clear up why railroad rails are four-feet, eight-and-one-half inches (4' 8-½") apart. While this measurement originated from a colliery in Northumberland, England, where the first strongest and fastest steam locomotives were built and tested, the truth is that Iowa played a dominant role in the choosing of this gauge (the distance between the two rails) for the United States, Canada, and Mexico. In 1856, the Iowa Legislature stipulated that railroad lines building across the state would receive assistance if their gauge was 4' 8-½."

The beginnings of four lines were under construction by the Civil War. At that time there were numerous track gauges throughout the United Join other Iowans and support Humanities Iowa!

Photo courtesy of Rudy Daniels

States. During these early years railroad companies did not want another's cars rolling down their tracks; therefore, the different gauges. Some were a narrow three feet. Five feet was somewhat popular in the South. Ohio had its own 4' 10". The New York and Erie had the widest with a 6 foot gauge! Two of the largest rail systems at that time had close enough gauges: The Baltimore & Ohio (B & O) had a 4' 8-½" and the Pennsylvania (Pennsy) had a 4' 9" gauge. For all practical purposes the half inch difference made the Pennsy interchangeable with the B & O. As the nation grew and industrialization developed, however, everyone knew that the gauge would eventually need to be standardized.

This drive for standardization first came about during the Civil War with Iowa holding the big trump card. While fighting continued, Congress passed the Pacific Railroad Act to build a transcontinental railroad line from Omaha to California. Congress left it to President Lincoln to set the gauge of the tracks. Anyone who was anybody in railroading knew that what Lincoln set would eventually become the "standard gauge" of the nation. Lincoln leaned toward the five-foot gauge at first, and then declared it to be 4' 8-½". What happened? Why did Lincoln choose this odd number?

The Pennsy and B & O fit this standard, and so did some railroads in Illinois. Iowa’s lines, all of which crossed the state to meet in Council Bluffs—across from Omaha—were 4' 8-½". Iowa’s gauge provided a seamless passage of cars from the east to the Missouri River. That seamlessness could continue all the way to California, if the transcontinental was 4' 8-½". As the transcontinental was being built, moreover, there were plans and designs to bridge the Missouri River at Council Bluffs. The cornerstone to the whole construction was Iowa! Within a four month period, ending in June, 1886, most of the nation’s railroads became the 4' 8-½" standard or more exactly, the Iowa Gauge! So, as far as railroading is concerned, as Iowa went, so went the nation.

Rudy Daniels, Ph.D., (pictured above) has been a member of the Humanities Iowa Speakers Bureau for over 20 years.

He has taught history at several colleges and universities in Iowa and was Department Chair of Railroad Operations Technology at Western Iowa Tech in Sioux City. He has written Trains Across the Continent: North American Railroad History (Indiana University Press) at the request of the Class I Railroads of the United States and Canada. In 2008, he completed Sioux City Railroads: Images of Rail (Arcadia Publishing). He is currently writing a book on United States railroads during World War I.

To find out more about the Humanities Iowa Speakers Bureau go to our website www.humanitiesiowa.org

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The Worst Wreck Ever

I

by Denny Rehder

Photo courtesy of Denny Rehder

grew up a mile west of Gladbrook on a farm fronting Iowa Hwy 96. I had heard stories about the huge wreck of March 21, 1910, a few miles away. My dad, who was born in August of that year, told me that his dad, Alex Rehder, heard the sound of the wreck, mounted his fastest horse, and spent the day helping get the dead and wounded out of the tangled mass.

This was one of the worst railroad disasters in American history and in the world at that time.

Today, there is a monument along the road near the site. It's overgrown with a juniper someone planted, but the impact remains. When I was commissioned to develop an official Iowa Sesquicentennial Event on Iowa railroad history, this was one of my first songs, The Worst Wreck Ever (lyrics below).

There'd been a wreck at Shellsburg due to all the weekend rain. The Rock Island had to find a route to run its morning train. From Cedar Rapids on to Marshalltown they found a way. To get that train to Waterloo and send it on that day. They couldn't use the wye track in the Great Western yard, so they hooked the engines to the rear and started pulling hard. Running backwards up the line it should have been forseen. That the new steel cars were at the back with wooded cars between.

Chorus: Oh Grandpa heard that awful crash. He joined the other men to help the hurt and suffering in the wreck of nineteen ten.

They should have switched those wooden cars and put them on behind. Before they started out of town and got into a bind. The train was running slowly and there was no turning back. Then a brake beam dropped and sent the locomotive off the track. Both engines hit the ground and stopped and they were in a jam. Those steel cars kept moving on just like a battering ram. The wooden cars were smashed to kindling killing most inside.

When the count was finally tallied fifty-seven people died. (Chorus) Though help rushed there from all around to see to everyone. The loss of life was terrible before the day was done. More than twenty doctors tried to save the badly hurt. As they pulled the injured out and tried to tend them in the dirt. The news went out that cold March day to papers far and wide. The headlines said it was the worst and all those people died. Eighty-six years later it's a tragic accident. Though the trains are gone and tracks are pulled there's still a monument. (Chorus) Denny Rehder is a local historian and part of the Humanities Iowa Speakers Bureau. His avocation for nearly fifty years has been music. He now combines his musical ability with Iowa railroad history. Rehder has been involved as author, editor, publisher, photographer or researcher in the publication of seven books on subjects of Iowa history. He grew up watching the trains of the Chicago Great Western mainline.

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Annual Iowa Writers' Celebration 2010 Photo courtesy of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc

This year's Humanities Iowa, Voices from the Prairie, Annual Iowa Writers' Celebration will feature David Plowden, essayist and renowned documentary photographer of small towns, farmlands, and trains. Mr. Plowden, who is at the pinnacle of his career, was chosen for his long-standing relationship with Humanities Iowa and for his new book on steam engines. This year's celebration will include a tour across Iowa, beginning on Tuesday, October 12 and ending Thursday, October 14.

Plowden's tour will start in Iowa City where he will appear at 10 AM on "Talk of Iowa" on Iowa Public Radio followed by a book signing at Prairie Lights bookstore at 6 PM. On Wednesday, October 13, he will give a slideshow presentation followed by a book signing at the Council Bluffs Public Library at 6 PM. Plowden will finish his tour in Sioux City, at Western Iowa Tech Community College on October 14, during which he will give a slideshow presentation followed by a book signing at 6:30 PM. The Annual Iowa Writers' Celebration is supported by a grant from the Iowa West Foundation.

Requiem for Steam

As a child, David Plowden was given a box camera, and before long he began to photograph railroad trains. As he matured and started on what would become a lifetime in photography, trains—specifically steam locomotives—became one of his passions, and then they were eclipsed by modern diesel locomotives. It is our good fortune that Plowden was on the scene at the end, documenting what would become his latest book, Requiem for Steam, his reverent tribute to the steam era.

David Plowden is the author of more than twenty photography books, including Bridges: The Spans of North America, Vanishing Point: Fifty Years of Photography, and Requiem for Steam. He lives in Winnetka, Illinois. www.humanitiesiowa.org

Photo courtesy of W. W. Norton & Company, Inc

A visual lament for the end of the steam train's reign, but also a photo collection that recaptures the thrill of the steam locomotive. Why do we have such a fascination with steam trains to this day? Why such nostalgia for these spontaneous cloud-building machines? These locomotives were replaced out of practicality it would seem, but practicality, like progress, doesn't necessarily satisfy nostalgia and the imagination. With steam engines we were given the chance to be up-close with large machinery in action. We don't get to stand along the runway at an airport, but we did get to stand on the platform at the train station as the steam locomotive engine came screeching, howling, steaming to us. The sight of a train arriving is a thrill, even to this day. It's as though we can't believe they make it to us. So yes, the steam is gone, but the thrill of the steam is still with us and in some ways this is a big part of what seemed to attract us to them in the first place—anticipation. This collection of photos is a captivating group of visually honest, emotionally filled steam engines which once again allow us to drift and dream and reconnect with both the practical and magical world of trains—a realm where silence can so suddenly fill with sound and steam.

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Humanities All Around Us:

Iowa is rich with public opportunities to explore the humanities. We look forward to sharing them with you in each issue of Voices from the Prairie.

The Union Pacific Railroad Museum

200 Pearl Street Council Bluffs, IA Open Tuesday – Saturday, 10am – 4pm. Admission is free.

We caught up with Union Pacific museum director, Beth Lindquist, to find out more about this unique museum housed along the Missouri River in Iowa.

Photo courtesy Union Pacific Railroad Museum

HI: What a nice looking building.

What's the story on it?

The Union Pacific Railroad Museum is housed in a restored Carnegie Library building, originally built in 1903. The building is on the National Register of Historic Places. After a new library was built in 1997 the Council Bluffs community banded together to preserve the building and turn it into a museum.

Their efforts caught the attention of Union Pacific who was looking for a site for their historic collection. Through the efforts of the community and Union Pacific the museum opened in May, 2003.

HI: What can people expect to find at the museum?

The Union Pacific Railroad Museum tells the history of Union Pacific from the Railroad Act of 1862 through the heyday of passenger travel to the modern freight railroad of today. The Union Pacific and Central Pacific built the first transcontinental railroad linking the east and west coast. This opened up the expansion of the west to thousands of Americans and immigrants. In addition to the Union Pacific story we also talk about western expansion from Iowa to California The newest addition to the Museum is “America Travels by Rail.” This permanent exhibit, costing well over $500,000, immerses the visitor in the glitz and glamour of 20th-century passenger rail travel. Thousands of images, artifacts and advertising material from the Union Pacific collection are on display in this interactive passenger travel experience.

HI: Why is the museum in Council Bluffs?

The eastern terminus for the transcontinental railroad was specified as the location across the river from Omaha by an executive order signed by President Abraham Lincoln. That area is now Council Bluffs. So mile post "0" for the first transcontinental railroad is located in Council Bluffs. Council Bluffs is a very large railroad town and at one time had nine different railroads operating in the city. With the community engaged in the library restoration, a history of railroads in the city, and Union Pacific looking for community involvement with their historic collection, the two entities worked together to develop the Union Pacific Railroad Museum.

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HI: What's something people would be surprised to find at the museum?

Many of our visitors are surprised at the amount of American history in general that we tell with our exhibits.

They are surprised to find furniture that was used in Abraham Lincoln’s funeral car and older maps and surveys dating back to the mid-1850s.

HI: In what way did the Union Pacific shape life in the Midwest? Iowa?

Union Pacific shaped the life of the Midwest by expanding the possibilities of land ownership beyond the Missouri River and by providing access to products (farm equipment, appliances, fresh produce, etc.) not otherwise available without the railroad. Today, Union Pacific shapes the life of the Midwest by providing jobs and also transporting the products we use in everyday living such as produce from California, automobiles, appliances, lumber, coal, etc., and by providing shipping of Iowa products outside the state.

HI: As the museum director, who are three famous railroad people you'd like to have dinner with?

First of all, Abraham Lincoln. He was a huge proponent of railroads and as president he signed the Railroad Acts of 1862 and 1864, the first of which created Union Pacific Railroad, and he also signed the Presidential Order confirming the eastern terminus of the transcontinental railroad. Second would be General Grenville Dodge, the chief engineer of the building of the Union Pacific’s transcontinental rail line and a long time resident of Council Bluffs. Third would be Averell Harriman, The Museum’s first floor covers the first transcontinental who saw the need to improve passenger railroad and the growth and development of the West. travel in the 1930s and developed the first streamliner.

Photo courtesy Union Pacific Railroad Museum

HI: How can people get involved with the Union Pacific Railroad Museum today?

The Union Pacific Railroad Museum is always looking for volunteers to assist in many areas such as floor hosts, gift shop sales, tour guides and collections assistance. Anyone interested can contact us at 712-329-8307 or go online at www.uprrmuseum.org. The Museum also takes donations of items related to the Union Pacific Railroad.

HI: If you could ride on any type of train—steam, coal, diesel, electric—which would it be?

Steam is always a fascination to any railroad enthusiast. I think there are several reasons: 1. Except in excursion and special trains, steam is no longer used by any railroad. 2. The steam locomotives are huge and one can stand in awe when next to one of them. 3. The mechanics of watching steam power, the large wheels looks daunting.

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Humanities Iowa Events For up-to-date event information check the calendar on our website.

September

Wednesday, September 22, 6:30 PM Richard Tyler: Why Save an Old Barn? Halcyon House, 1015 S. Iowa Ave., Washington, IA

Wednesday, September 1, 7 PM Thursday, September 23, 7 PM Barbara Lounsberry: Yup...Nope... and Why Midwesterners Don't Say Much. Tama County Museum, 200 N. Broadway St., Toledo, IA

Galin Berrier: The Underground Railroad in Iowa. West Branch Public Library, 300 N Downey St. West Branch, IA

Saturday, September 4, 12 PM

Saturday, September 25, 11 AM

Darrel Draper: George Drouillard: Hunter, Interpreter, and Sign Talker for Lewis and Clark.

Lamoni Community Center, 108 S. Chestnut St., Lamoni, IA

Monday, September 13, 7 PM

Bill Sherman: Iowa Country School Milestones.

Urbandale Historical Society 4010 70th St., Urbandale, IA

Wednesday, September 15, 11 AM

Darrel Draper: The Life and Times of J. Sterling Morton. Prairie Hills Assisted Living Community, 505 Enterprise Dr. SW., Independence, IA

Thursday, September 16, 11:30 AM

Barbara Lounsberry: Yup...Nope... and Why Midwesterners Don't Say Much. Iowa Valley Conference Center Room, 808 3702 S. Center St., Marshalltown, IA

Thursday, September 16, 7 PM Martin Kelly: Hollywood Cowboys.

Floyd County Historical Society, 500 Gilbert St., Charles City, IA

Saturday, September 18, 7:30 PM Sarah Uthoff: General Laura Program. Sanford Museum, 117 E. Willow St., Cherokee, IA

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Beverly Hinds: Sacajawea and the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Merry Brook School, 212 Lincoln Way, Woodbine, IA

Saturday, September 25, 2 PM O J Fargo: Just Before the Battle Mother: A Visit from a Civil War Soldier. Merry Brook School, 212 Lincoln Way, Woodbine, IA

Saturday, September 25, 2 PM

November Saturday, November 13, 1 PM

Mary Swander: Girls on the Roof. Coralville Public Library, Meeting Room A, 1401 5th St., Coralville, IA

Saturday, November 13, 7 PM Tom Milligan: Grant Wood: Prairie Rebel. Mason City Public Library, 225 2nd St., Mason City, IA

Monday, November 15, 7 PM

Living History Farms Speaker: A Year with a Pioneer Family.

Bradbury Hall, 2211 Nelson Lane, Oskaloosa, IA

Thursday, November 18, 7 PM

Denny Rehder: Grass Between the Rails. Historical Society of Marshall County, 202 E. Church St., Marshalltown, IA

Sarah Uthoff: Packing Up. Waukee Public Library, 950 Warrior Lane, Waukee, IA

Library Reading and Discussion Series:

October

"A Look to the Past."

Rolfe Public Library 319 Garfield St Rolfe, IA Call 712.848.3143

Thursday, October 7, 7 PM

O J Fargo: Just Before the Battle Mother: A Visit from a Civil War Soldier. Indianola Public Library, 201 N. B St., Indianola, IA

Saturday, October 9, 7 PM

Rosa Snyder: Uncovering Hidden Treasures and Untold Stories: The Work of a Restoration Painter and Stories of Famous Artists at Iowa’s Capitol. Harlan Community Library, 718 Court St., Harlan, IA

Tuesday, October 19, 6 PM

Lisa Ossian: The Home Fronts of Iowa 1939-1945. Des Moines Public.

Library, Meeting Room One, 1000 Grand Avenue, Des Moines, IA

Monday, September 13, 7 PM

Saturdays: September 18, October 2, 16, and 30, and November 13 and 27, Confessions of a Biliophile.

Burlington Public Library 210 Court St., Burlington, IA Call 319.753.1647

Special Event: October 14-16

Iowa Writers' Celebration with David Plowden. Iowa City, Council Bluffs, and Sioux City. See page 7 of this issue for times and locations.

Join other Iowans and support Humanities Iowa!

Humanities Iowa partners with Prairie Lights bookstore on YouTube Humanities Iowa has partnered with Prairie Lights bookstore in Iowa City, Iowa, for a series of web videos featuring Paul Ingram (pictured left). Paul is a well known local bibliophile who has been on Iowa Public Radio broadcasts, and was a featured speaker at the 2010 Iowa City Book Festival. This partnering is also as a result of Iowa City being named the third UNESCO City of Literature and Humanities Iowa's ongoing efforts to make its programs available to the public. The first web video can be viewed at www.youtube.com/humanitiesiowa along with other Humanities Iowa events.

Grants Awarded Since March 2010 (continued from page 12)

Recipient: Iowa City Foreign Relations Council Amount: $200 Project: Through the Lens of Cultural Diplomacy Johnston Recipient: Iowa Public Television Amount: $15,000 Project: Farm Crisis of the 1980s Lamoni Recipient: Civil www.humanitiesiowa.org

War Days Amount: $5,000 Project: 8th Annual Reenactment and Living History Festival Marshalltown Recipient: Historical Society of Marshall County Amount: $12,000 Project: Movie Star: The Secret Lives of Jean Seberg Mason City Recipient: Wright on the Park, Inc. Amount: $4,000

Project: The Historic Park Inn Hotel Muscatine Recipient: Friends of Muscatine Historic Preservation Amount: $1,500 Project: Alexander G. Clark, A Legacy Ottumwa Recipient: Indian Hills Community College Amount: $1,000 Project: Many Faces, One Vision

Perry Recipient: Dallas County Conservation Board Amount: $4,850 Project: Prairie Awakening—A Journey into Indigenous Learning Red Wing, MN Recipient: Picaresque II Amount: $7,500 Project: The Story of Music, Stories from Home Seattle, WA Recipient: North-

west Film Forum Amount: $14,860 Project: 120 Acres: An American Farm Sioux City Recipient: Western Iowa Tech Community College Amount: $500 Project: Iowa and the American Civil War West Branch Recipient: Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association, Inc. Amount: $2,000 Project: Writing Herbert Hoover 11

NONPROFIT ORG US POSTAGE PAID NORTH LIBERTY, IA PERMIT NO.57

Humanities Iowa 100 LIB RM 4039 Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1420

Become a member today! www.humanitiesiowa.org

Grants Awarded Since March 2010 Adel Recipient: Main Street Adel Chamber of Commerce Amount: $1,400 Project: Iowa Book Festival Ames Recipient: Iowa State University Reiman Gardens Amount: $2,212 Project: Victorian Garden Ornamentation Exhibit Carroll Recipient: Carroll County Conservation Board Amount: $9,000 Project: M&M Divide Interpretive Park

Coon Rapids Recipient: Creating Great Places Amount: $6,000 Project: Peace Through Corn Coralville Recipient: Johnson County Historical Society Amount: $95 Project: Weber Days History Lecture Davenport Recipient: St. Ambrose University Amount: $5,000 Project: The Ubiquity of Work Des Moines Recipient: Des Moines Art Center

Amount: $3,000 Project: 2010 Fall Lecture Series

Amount: $5,000 Project: Thursday’s Children

Recipient: Des Moines Symphony Association Amount: $5,000 Project: Beyond the Score: New World Symphony

Dubuque Recipient: Dubuque County Historical Society Amount: $10,000 Project: Women & Spirit: Catholic Sisters in America

Recipient: GLBT Youth in Iowa Schools Task Force Amount: $2,610 Project: Dismantling Discrimination; Educating Educators Recipient: State Historical Society of Iowa

Recipient: Loras College Amount: $1,000 Project: Depression Era Dubuque Iowa City Recipient: University of Iowa Amount: $545 Project: The Metropolitan Opera in Iowa

Recipient: University of Iowa Center for the Book Amount: $2,745 Project: A Residency by the Combat Paper Project Recipient: University of Iowa Amount: $10,000 Project: Iowa Archaeology Month 2010 Recipient: University of Iowa Amount: $10,000 Project: City of Literature (Grants continued on page 11)