2019 미래희망기구 유엔협회세계연맹 국제모의유엔대회 한국대표단 결과보고서 2019 WIMUN Korean Delegation Final Report

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Special Thanks to.

Group Programmes Unit, United Nations Department of Global Communications AND Permanent Mission of Republic of Korea to the United Nations New York Office, USA

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HOPE TO THE FUTURE ASSOCIATION NGO Representative at the United Nations Department of Global Communications Member of United Nations Academic Impact Korea Web: www.hopetofuture.org Address: 4F, Bongeunsa-ro 176, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea Tel: +82-2-6952-1616 Email: webmaster@hopetofuture.org

Team Manager Eun Chung LEE I unjena@hopetofuture.org Writer and Editor in-Chief Jung A Chelsea PYUN I chelsea@hopetofuture.org Assistant Editor and Writer Jieun OH I KyungHee University Jae Yeon JUNG I KyungHee University

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WFUNA International Model United Nations 2019 Delegation of the Republic of Korea

Table of Contents

Program Introduction WFUNA International Model United Nations....................................................................................... 5

2019 HFA Representatives Korean Delegation Information ............................................................................................................. 7

Main Program (1) UN Headquarters Training Speakers List........................................................................................................................................ 11 UN Briefings Report ............................................................................................................................ 12 Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations ................................................................... 13 United Nations Lecture: Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) ...................................................... 15 United Nations International Children's Fund (UNICEF) ................................................................ 20 Permanent Mission of Republic of Korea to the United Nations......................................................... 24 United Nations Lecture: Human Rights .............................................................................................. 28 United Nations Environment Programme ......................................................................................... 32

Main Program (2) 2019 WFUNA International Model United Nations Curriculum ........................................................................................................................................... 35 Position Paper ...................................................................................................................................... 36

Reflections Participant Reflection .......................................................................................................................... 59 Staff Reflection .................................................................................................................................... 86

Organization Overview Hope to the Future Association ........................................................................................................................................... 88 Cooperation Organization ...................................................................................................................................................... 89

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PROGRAM INTRODUCTION

“Since 2012, Hope to the Future Association (HFA) and World Federation of United Nations Association (WFUNA) signed an official MoU and agreed to a collaborative partnership.

Based on this agreement,

WFUNA International Model United Nations (WIMUN) is the world’s most accurate simulation of the United Nations and is the flagship Model UN conference hosted and organized by the WFUNA. WFUNA works closely with a number of UN agencies and in the development of a new approach that offers the most accurate simulation of the UN. The WIMUN features intensive training workshops taught by the UN Officials, briefings on important agenda items

by UN Agencies, and the Opening Ceremony and Plenary at the UN Headquarters.

Hope to the Future Association Selects Korean Youth Representatives to participate in an annual WFUNA Model United Nations Conference held in the General Assembly Hall and Grand Hyatt Manhattan.”

The Inaugural WIMUN Conference took place in Rome, Italy in July 2014 in partnership with UN venues at the Food and Agriculture Organization. The second conference, WIMUN 2015, took place in New York, with sessions at the United Nations General Assembly and also at the Grand Hyatt New York. In 2016, WIMUN introduced its first regional conference in Brazil in partnership with Faculdades de Campinas.

All of the WIMUN conferences to date have focused on different aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals.

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LETTER OF INVITATION UNITED NATIONS

NATIONS UNIES

THE SECRETARY-GENERAL MESSAGE TO WFUNA INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS (WIMUN) 30 January – 2 February 2019 New York, United States Thank you for taking part in Model United Nations. I appreciate your commitment to our global mission of peace, sustainable development and human rights.

Our world today enjoys remarkable opportunities to advance common progress. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals are our blueprint for dignity, prosperity, and a healthy planet.

But “we the peoples” also face many complex challenges. Armed conflicts have deepened.

Global Anxieties about nuclear weapons are the highest since the Cold War. Climate change is moving faster than we are. Inequality and nationalism are on the rise, while trust and solidarity are on the decline.

These problems and challenges are increasingly global – and increasingly grave. We need less hatred, more dialogue and deeper international cooperation. Multilateralism is more important than ever. Empowering the world’s young people is an imperative.

We must do more to enable young people to shape the decisions affecting their lives. Your potential is the world’s potential. As you stand up for our shared values, the United Nations stands with you.

Please accept my best wishes for a successful Model United Nations Conference.

(Reference: WIMUN 2019 Conference Guide Book by WFUNA) 6

2019 HFA REPRESENTATIVES

At Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations, With the 25th Permanent Representative Cho Tae-Yul WIMUN Korean Delegation attended a private lecture led by Ambassador Cho and the staffs of the Permanent Mission

WFUNA International Model UN had 15 high school and university committees, over 300 participants from 50 different countries engaged in the 4days of event. WIMUN 2019 simulated the main decision-making organs of the United Nations: The General Assembly Main Committees, Security Council and ECOSOC. Delegates had the unparalleled opportunity to engage with real topics listed on the UN's agenda that top diplomats debated about.

Committee

Position

Name and School Seeun Gweon, Cheongshim International Academy SPECPOL B, Mali Haemin Kwon, Yubong Girls’ Middle School Plenary, Mali Dohun Kim, Dongtan Global High School ECOFIN B, Gabon

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Yoon Jae Kim, Welltain Christian International ECOSOC UN Forum on Forests, Gabon Wonyoung Bang, Yangwha Middle School ECONFIN A, Mali Jayoung Son, Homeschooler SPECPOL B, Gabon Jongbin Yang, Hansol High School ECOFIN B, Malawi Young-Jun Lee, Welltain Christian International ECOFIN A, Malawi Wonjun Yi, Anyang Arts High School ECOFIN C, Mali Hyunji Lee, Global Prodigy Academy ECOFIN C, Gabon Hyogwon Jee, Jeonin High School ECOFIN A, Gabon Minyoung Choi, Dongmyung Girls’ High School SOCHUM A, Gabon Michael Sungmin Choi, Busan Foreign School

SOCHUM A, Malawi Martin Sunyong Han, Sehwa High School ECOFIN C, Malawi

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HOPE TO THE FUTURE ASSOCIATION ADVISORS Hope to the Future Association Eun Chung Lee | Team Manager

World Federation of United Nations Associations Youngjin Lee | Training and Education Associate

Hope to the Future Association Jae Yeon Jung | Intern at Education Department

2019 WIMUN Korean Delegation Team had 3 advisors, from both Hope to the Future Association and World Federation of United Nations Associations.

“We are looking forward and supporting you to grow up as a global leader through this valuable experience, 2019 WIMUN” 9

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UN BRIEFINGS SPEAKERS LIST Organized by the United Nations Department of Global Communications and in cooperation with International Organizations, the briefings led by UN High officials and Permanent Representatives focused on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Global Challenges and the importance of multi-lateral cooperation, and international relations between the UN member states. The students were able to deepen their professional knowledge and to build networks with the UN Professionals in New York.

PERMANENT MISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA TO THE UNITED NATIONS Cho Tae-Yul | Permanent Representative un.mofat.go.kr

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM Satwant Kaur | Information Officer www.unenvironment.org

UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND Shannon O'Shea | Team Leader: Political and Public Partner Advocacy www.unicef.org

UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER Nenad Vasic | Senior UN Human Rights Official www.ohchr.org

UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS Esra Sergi | Information Officer www.un.org/en/hq/dpi

PERMANENT MISSION OF SWITZERLAND TO THE UNITED NATIONS www.eda.admin.ch

Lauber Jürg | Permanent Representative

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At Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations, with Permanent Representative Lauber JĂźrg

HYUNJI LEE, GLOBAL PRODIGY ACADEMY On the first day of our schedule, we visited the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. We met the ambassador of Switzerland who works at the United Nations in New York. It was my great honor to have an amazing lecture and I learned so many things from there. Right before our meeting, the ambassador said that Switzerland had a meeting with other countries including South Korea. Before I visited there, I had a question about Switzerland how could Switzerland have various and significant international organizations, especially in Geneva. According to the ambassador’s word, it was a mixture of luck and effort. Switzerland has a nice environment and early international organizations were able to approach in Switzerland. Also, Switzerland is located in a great position among European countries and it has important links.

The ambassador of Switzerland emphasized universality and neutrality. Neutrality can approach with other countries all around the world as a neutral when engage negotiation. I learned that Switzerland is parallel to UN objectives such as peace, security, human rights, and SDGs. Not only this, the ambassador of Switzerland gave us helpful and useful information when we participate as a United Nations conference or working and cooperating with other countries.

Since I will go to the high school in a foreign state (Germany) which is closed to Switzerland, it was a meaningful time and I will not forget this memorable and amazing lecture. As my dream is working at international organizations, I got inspired by how Switzerland works as a neutral country when cooperating with other governments or countries. Visiting the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations changed my vision. It changed my whole idea of Switzerland working at UN and after this meeting. I got interested in the role of Switzerland in the world and other international organizations in Geneva. Everybody has a voice and take a part of the issue.

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MINYOUNG CHOI, DONGMYUNG GIRLS’ HIGH SCHOOL In the 29th of January I got to visit the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations, which is try to carry out the Sustainable Development Goals. Usually, the Permanent Mission office is far away from the United Nations. But office of the Permanent Mission of Switzerland isn’t far from the United Nations. So, it was quiet interesting for me. And Switzerland try to solve the problem which is one of the Sustainable Development Goals stated ‘all the harmful practices of forced marriages, the destruction of women’s reproductive organs.’ by 2030. But I think it is hard to get rid of that practice, so I asked a question to the ambassador of Switzerland “What is your specific plans to achieve this goal?” Then, the ambassador replied that the question is very complicated to answer and they don’t plan any special or great things but they try to talk with other countries. In addition, he talked to me that all people concern about their own rights and one more saying is very impressed for me. It was “Not specific country but specific human rights.”

Ordinarily, I’m interested in women’s right and this includes in the SDGs. And the Switzerland try to solve the 17 SDGs by 2030. So this Q&A session was very special and impressive for me because I can’t hear about how they are done but I can hear about how they will do to reach to the Sustainable Development Goals. I’m very happy to get this nice lecture and I can’t forget this experience in my life. And through this session, I get more interesting in human rights and I can think about my career for my future.

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YOON JAE KIM, WELLTAIN CHRISTIAN INTERNATIONAL SDG (sustainable development goals) is an Agenda for goals that United Nations have until 2030. Sustainable development goal is also called a common global agenda. In 2015, countries that are a member of the United Nations adopted the 2030 agenda for 17 sustainable development goals. Global goals are to promote prosperity and protect the planet. Since the United Nations think that action is more important than just a promise, their current slogan is ‘moving from promises to action. Since individual people around the world need to help the United Nations, there are several ways that the United Nations came up with. There are about 170 daily actions that one can help achieve SDG. For instance, one can just not use a car and ride a bike because of the toxic carbon dioxide emissions. Plus, there are four levels to help SDG as an individual person.

There are three goals that our organization learned about. The first goal is number thirteen which is climate action. The second goal is number five which is gender equality. And the last goal that we talked about is goal six which is Clean Water and Sanitation. The first goal, climate action is the most serious goal that must be solved in order to create a better place to live. Nowadays, because of climate change, extreme weathers occur and also it reduces biodiversity. Paris Agreement was signed in 2015 for a better environment. In addition, the Kyoto Agreement has been replaced by the Paris Agreement. United Nations says that Climate Action is a race we can win. The reason why this slogan is used is that it is a race that humans need to win to lead a more comfortable and better life. The second goal is a gender equality which is defined as ending violence against women and girls. Since people today treats each genders differently, this goal has established to solve this serious problem. Today, we discussed about some examples that are related to discrimination towards genders.

For instance, women’s get paid as not much as men’s. By this ultimate goal that United Nations made, this can be solved by the end of 2030. The last goal that we treated in today’s class was about the water and the sanitation. There are about three goals that are related to this goal. Advance sustainable development, energize existing programs and project and inspire action to achieve the 2030 Agenda. Youth also plays an important role in today’s society. Young people play a significant role in the implementation, monitoring and review of the 2030 Agenda as well as in holding governments accountable. Youth can also follow the lazy person’s guide to saving the world. And by doing it, it can also fulfill the goal of SDG. Finally, there are lots of partnerships on the SDGs. Firstly, SDG media zone. Secondly, SDG media compact.

Lastly, mobile industry. These factors help to spread the knowledge of SDG to every people around the world.

SDG media zone includes interviews, panel discussions and other digital content on the SDGs. It shows what SDG is by using a social media that bunch of people use today.

SDG media compact inspire worldwide media and entertainment companies to leverage their resources to advance the Goals. It advertise about SDG by using a TV programs and by the collaboration between rising star and SDG. Therefore, it can clearly show the importance of SDG. Mobile industry is the SDGs in Action app provides detailed information on the goals, videos, key facts and figures, and the latest SDG news.

Advertising industry is also used in United Nations. Today in class, we used a bot that talk about SDG. When we log in to Facebook account and type ‘ActNow.bot’ it automatically brings us to Facebook messenger and then the bot told us about 17 goals of United Nations. Thomas and Friends has recently paired up with United Nations too. By showing the SDG in the TV shows, parents and children can learn more about what SDG is and why it is important. In conclusion, 2030 sustainable development goal (SDG) aims to protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. In my opinion, these goals must be achieve for human beings and other organisms to live more comfortable and safe life.

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JONGBIN YANG, HANSOL HIGH SCHOOL The Sustainable Development Goals, also referred to as the Global Goals had always been an area of interest for me. Consisting of 17 interconnected and each with its own important cause the Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprints, ideal models towards the fulfillment of a perfect world. Through a wonderful opportunity of being able to attend a lecture about the Sustainable Development Goals. I was extremely eager to learn more about the background, and the process of implementation for the Sustainable Development Goals.

The background behind the birth of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals begins with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development being adopted by all United Member States in 2015. Building on from the Millennium Development Goals the Sustainable Development Goals are not only focused on the LDCs but applies to developing countries as well. New areas were included such as climate change, economic inequality, innovation, sustainable consumption, and peace and justice.

The Slogan for the Sustainable Development Goals is moving from promises to action as represented in the slogan the UN strives to allow and support individuals to contribute in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The Lazy Persons guide to saving the world consists of four steps providing individuals of knowledge on how to contribute towards the Global Goals from on the sofa to things that can be done outside and at work.

Also the 170 daily actions program also helps people contribute in working towards the Sustainable Development Goals.

Also the UN is undergoing various campaigns to achieve sustainable development. The campaign a race we can win tackles climate change and aims to achieve goals from the Paris Agreement. The campaign Every Drop Counts is related to the Water Action Decade which aims in solving water related challenges. Youth agents of today and present is a campaign that focuses on empowering youth.

We were also able to learn about the partnerships with the SDGs such as SDG Media Zone, SDG Media Compact, Mobile Industry (SDGs in Action app), Advertising Industry Creative Community, Spotlight Initiative. And through further Q&A sessions we were able to learn about how each country is in a different position in terms of process in the 17 Global Goals and about how each country is in a different situation. We then learned about how interactions between developed and developing countries are going as for SDGs such as the 9th goal regarding infrastructure it requires lots of contribution from the developed countries. We were also reminded on how important it is of raising awareness of the Sustainable Development Goals. Altogether it was a wonderful learning experience.

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MICHAEL SUNGMIN CHOI, BUSAN FOREIGN SCHOOL The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were first adopted by world leaders in a 2015 historic UN World Summit. The SDGs are the 17 goals that 193 countries agreed on. It is just amazing how all those countries each with a different government, laws, and people came together and made 17 goals that all of them want to achieve by 2030.

The SDGs are built over the success Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and aims to go further and eradicate all forms of poverty, hunger and more. The new goals are more focused on both developed and developing countries, while the MDGs were more focused on developing countries. This is to make the goals be a goal every single country has room to improve in. This makes the countries more cooperative with each What I didn’t know until this presentation was that there were so many partnerships with the SDGs. I think that the use of the media will help a lot in raising awareness since almost every single person in the whole world uses some sort of media. Over 2.7 billion people around the world. Raising the awareness will help because every single person matters. Just doing one small task like taking short showers or using public transportation instead of cars, or recycling better, etc. All of these simple tasks become enormous in effecting our environment and our world when many come together.

The UN also does many campaigns along with all their SDGs. They have individual campaigns for each important SDG. Some examples are tackling climate change, ending violence against women and girls, water campaigns, youth campaigns, etc. All these campaigns can help the whole world get closer to achieving all the SDGs. I always wondered if SDGs might actually not get achieved and just get changed like the MDGs. The teacher answered by saying that we would have to try and commit to the SDGs in order to complete the goal. The MDGs weren’t fulfilled by the deadline because not all of the countries were involved as much as others. As I mentioned above the MDGs were more focused on developing countries, and the SDGs are focused on both developing and developed countries.

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WONJUN YI, ANYANG ARTS HIGH SCHOOL I've focused on UNICEF, one of the things that have been unusually diverse. Because UNICEF focuses on children's rights. And now that any recent incident has been complicated with so many things, UNICEF's comprehensive intervention is necessary.

UNICEF says they take these three critical points in the course of their work, or their derivative work. The focus is on systems management and analysis of the first data. Poverty is an unspecific spread throughout the entire world of society, and if you misanalyse their data, you're going to have a lot of damage from the various perspectives that come after that. Through systematic management and analysis, we can select the target of absolute poverty and apply various goods and programs that are most effective in raising our human nature to the region and the poor. The second is trying to increase children's rights. Although UNICEF is limited in its acronym, they're trying to eliminate the environment around them - the negative environment that they're going to feel as if they're war, violence, maybe even normal to their children. Third, UNICEF's work with SDGs is so broad that it emphasizes the active cooperation between partners and their capabilities to the fullest.

I asked an official there, "What would you do if you wanted to have a more professional education that could be used in technology or other industries for some reason than the fundamental education provided by UNICEF?" And the agency was already aware of its problems, and at the same time, it said that the response that the agency offered was to break away from the fundamental education system and to develop the professional skills that they could really make a living, and at the same time, it also went on to promote a theoretical education that would be the basis for improving living standards in the long term. It also offers a variety of education programs tailored to each country and every nation, suggesting the diversity of poverty. I felt that UNICEF was struggling, in the long run, to lower the poverty rate indeed.

It's no exaggeration to say that poverty is the axis of SDGs, and I felt a lot about working with various partners to break the chain of unhappiness, and the lectures at the UN headquarters, the Permanent mission of Switzerland to United Nations and UNICEF were excessive lectures and time, and I think that all the time and circumstances spent in it could be the basis of something in the future. 저는 특별히 다양했던 강연들 중 UNICEF 를 중점적으로 보았습니다. 왜냐하면 UNICEF 는 아이들의 권리신장에 중점으로 살피기 때문입니다. 또한 최근 어떠한 사건 하나라도 수많은 것들과 복잡하게 연결된 요즘은 유니세프의 포괄적 개입의 필요성이 대두됩니다. 그렇기에 저는 이러한 측면에서 다양한 강연 중 UNICEF 를 따로 본 것입니다.

UNICEF 는 그들의 업무 혹은 파생적 업무와 관련해서 그 강의에서 그들은 이 세 가지를 주요 키 포인트로 삼는다고 합니다. 첫 번째 데이터의 체계적인 관리 및 분석을 중점으로 삼는다고 합니다. 빈곤이라는 것은 지구촌 사회전반에 불특정 하게 퍼져 있어 그들의 데이터를 분석을 잘못했다면 후에 20

다가오는 다양한 관점의 피해가 만만치 않게 일어나기 때문입니다. 또한 체계적인 관리 및 분석을 통해 진정으로의

빈곤대상자를

선정함과

동시에

가장

효율적으로

구호적

성격을

띄는

각종

물품과

프로그램을 해당 지역과 해당 빈곤자에게 적용할 수 있기 때문입니다. 두 번째는 아이들의 권리신장을 위해 노력한다는 것입니다. 비록 UNICEF 의 약자가 한정적으로 되어있긴 하지만 그들은 아이들의 주변 환경 즉 전쟁, 폭력 등 어쩌면 아이들에겐 일상으로 느껴지게 될 부정적인 환경들을 철폐하기 위해 노력한다는 것입니다. 세 번째는 SDGs 와 관련해서 UNICEF 가 하는 업무는 너무나 광범위해서 다양한 파트너쉽을 구축하고 파트너들 간의 적극적인 협력과 그들의 역량을 최대한 발휘하는 것을 강조합니다. 저는

그곳에서

관계자

분께

“만약

빈곤층의 자녀가 UNICEF 가 제공하는 원론적인 교육보다 어떠한 사유로 인해 기술이나 다른 산업군에서 실제로 쓰일 수

있는

교육을

다소

전문적의

선호한다면

성격을

이는

어떻게

띄는 할

것인가요?” 라고 물어보았습니다. 그러자 기관측에서도 인지하고

이미

있었으며

그것의 동시에

문제성을 기관측에서

제시한 대응은 원론적인 교육을 탈피하고 그들이 진정으로 생계를 이어 나갈 수 있는 전문가적 스킬을 키워주고 동시에 장기적으로 볼 때 생활수준향상의 기반이 되는 원론적인 교육 또한 병행하여 나간다고 하였습니다. 또한 빈곤의 다양성을 제시하며 각국 그리고 각 국민에 맞춤 교육 프로그램을 제공한다고 하였습니다. 이를 통해 UNICEF 가 장기적인 관점에서 진실되게 빈곤율을 떨어뜨리기 위해 고군분투한다는 것을 느꼈습니다. 빈곤이라는 거대한 주제는 SDGs 의 축을 담당하고 있다 해도 과언이 아니며 불행의 사슬을 끊기 위해서는 다양한 파트너들과 협력하여 최대한의 역량을 쏟아 붓는다는 점에 대하여 느낀 바가 많았고 UN 본부와 주 유엔 스위스 대표부 그리고 UNICEF 에서 이뤄진 강의는 저에겐 과분한 강의 및 시간이었으며 그 속에서 보낸 모든 시간과 모든 상황들은 훗날 어떤 것의 기반이 될 수 있을 거라 생각합니다.

SUNYONG HAN, SEHWA HIGH SCHOOL UNICEF was founded in 1946 after the end of WW II and ever since then, it has taken its duty of helping children all around the world. UNICEF works in 190 different countries and territories and with a universal mandate to protect the rights of all children. It is guided by the convention on the rights of the child and the SDGs. Since I was not really interested in UNICEF, I thought UNICEF was only in charge of fundraising money for children. It turns out that the UNICEF was capable of holding campaigns and events that helps children in need. I looked myself back and blamed how I was only interested in certain part of the UN. One more thing that I did not know was that UNICEF also has some duties of achieving the sustainable development goals. Apparently, most of the problems with children are related to the sustainable development 21

goals. For instance, child survives and thrives are related to goal 2, 3, 5. Education of a child is related to the goal 3, 4 and child protection from violence & exploitation is related the goal 5, 8. After learning about both sustainable development goals and UNICEF, I’ve realized that those two are interconnected to each other. I believe that UNICEF takes an important role in achieving sustainable development goals and thus the public should work on increasing the awareness of UNICEF. Children have power to change the world. Many people would not recognized but they have a great value of themselves. Children who’ve got invested by the UNICEF and received their early education had 33% of return on investment for every dollar spent. This means that more and more investment should be made upon children so they can get educated at adequate time and bring profits. I believe that all children should be able to go to school since; it’s a basic human right to be educated One of the things which the lecturer mentioned was using advanced technology such as apple watch. It allows organizations such as UNICEF to easily research people with malnutrition. Back then, UNICEF had to send people into villages once or twice a year but by using gadgets like apple watch, now they can get live health information of people in the village. I believe that by using this method to collect information, using a big data in this sector would be a matter of time.

Making partnerships with governments, UN system, Business Leaders, civil society, academic institutions is important when solving a problem. For example, the UNICEF has recently made a partnership with comic book writers to increase the awareness of people on sustainable development goal. Even comic book contest was held by the UNICEF and the result was successful. Numerous young people have applied for the contest.

Not only UNICEF but also many bodies of the UN put sustainable development goals in their priority.

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SEEUN GWEON, CHEONGSHIM INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY

On 28th of January 2019, fourteen students and three guide teachers flew to New York to participate in WFUNA International Model United Nations 2019. We had two extra days before the event, which was filled with sessions in permanent missions and subsidiary organizations of the United Nations. Of all the sessions, the Session with the Ambassador of the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations was the most inspiring, as it offered insight in which to view the country from an international perspective: from Korea’s past achievements and how it should develop further.

Established in August 1948, (the government of) the Republic of Korea has achieved great economic development. The ‘Miracle on the Han River’ was named after the considerable economic growth, especially in regions near the Han River. Many countries these days - especially those in the southern hemisphere - are facing problems that result from serious poverty or unequal distribution of wealth.

The Executive Board of UNDP(United Nations Development Program), UNFPA(United Nations Population Fund), and UNOPS(United Nations Office for Project Services) has started a new term in 2019, with ‘poverty’ as the topic of its first session. Coincidentally, starting from 6th of December 2018, the Ambassador of the Republic of Korea has played an important role as chair of the Executive Board. With such responsibility, he wants to emphasize the importance of ‘telling my own story’ when advising and helping other member states to overcome difficulties - especially when they are going through what we have already experienced.

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In contrast to the country’s impressive achievements, Korea’s reputation is getting worse day by day.

The civilian mindset could not catch up with the speed of economic development, which lead to three major incidents occurring. The first incident was the embracing of a hostile attitude towards migrant refugees. Many Koreans would ignore ROK’s responsibilities as part of the global community and only show interest in their benefits, thus opposed its government’s action of accepting a certain amount of Yemeni refugees. The second problem that Korea is facing today is the spread of racism. Because of the immense popularity of Kpop, Korea’s culture is vastly spreading to all parts of the world, attracting many foreigners and globalizing the country. Since Korea is not used to a diverse community, racism can be easily found on the streets and is one of the most significant problems it is still struggling to resolve. The third problem that rapid economic development has created is that people have become quite irrational. They do not look beyond what is shown on the surface and make aggressive, yet unthoughtful reactions. These reactions cause people to write more offensive comments towards each other, increasing the amount and scale of conflicts people face.

Recognizing the status quo on the Korean Peninsula, the Republic of Korea must make progress. After the successful economic development, we must change people’s mindset as ‘global citizens,’ further reducing conflicts within and beyond the country. Not only is this a problem the Republic of Korea must focus on, but it is also a problem of every other member states of the United Nations. People begin to think less about international society, and more for themselves. Multilateralism and multilateral diplomacy are in crisis. To achieve a peaceful future of the humanity, the Ambassador of the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea has emphasized the importance of first enhancing the civilian mindset, then getting together with the whole world, and cooperating with respect.

Alone, we can do so little. Together, we can do so much.

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JAYOUNG SON, HOMESCHOOLER Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the UN: Republic of Korea is committed to achieving ideals and values of the United Nations.

I met Cho Tae-yeol, the U.N. ambassador to the United Nations. Ambassador Cho Tae-yeol urged our attention to the international community. The point was that our perception remained at a low despite the nation's growing physique,. Breaking it, the ambassador said, "We need to have an awareness of our national strength as soon as possible."

I asked the ambassador what stance the nation should take, if there are difference between perspective of nation and perspective of country. Cho Tae-yeol, the U.N. ambassador to the United Nations, said it is important to take the view that there are some opinions that on same thing, rather than national interests and private interests conflict always. He said the problem would be solved as people matured. “It is important to take an enlightened national interest and take an interest in international issues rather than thinking closed and narrow-minded."

As to why people's perceptions fail to keep up with the national level, he analyzed that the growth other countires have achieved over the past several hundred years as Korea achieved in just a few years. In addition, he said the main goal of this rapid economic growth was only economic growth, which prevented him from looking around or having an open mind.

Thus, Ambassador Cho Tae-yeol focused on the maturity of the people's consciousness. I think he meant to say that the growth of national consciousness was the growth of the nation, and that the growth of the nation was the growth of the people. As I listened to this talk, I began to think more deeply about what it means to have an enlightened national consciousness and be interested in solving international problems. It was an opportunity to ponder deeply about how I, the dream of a president, could develop an enlightened national consciousness when I became president later. I came to the conclusion that it was an enlightened state consciousness that could not be led solely by the government, and I felt that I should raise the nation's hidden enlightenment through continuous campaigns and education.

“유엔의 이상과 가치 실현에 기여하는 대한민국, 주 유엔 대한민국 대표부가 함께합니다.” 유엔 대한민국 대표부의 조태열 주 유엔 대사 분을 만나 뵙게 되었다. 조태열 대사님께서는 국제 사회에 대한 우리의 관심을 촉구하셨다. 나라의 몸집이 커 졌는데도 불구하고, 우리의 인식이 아직 낮은 수준에 머물러 있다는 것이 골자였다. 대사님께서는 그것을 깨고, 우리의 국력 -PKO 재정 지원 10 위 등-에 걸맞은 인식을 하루 빨리 갖추어야 한다고 말씀하셨다. 필자는 대사님께 국가 관점에서 바라보았을 때, 바람직한 외교 방안과 국민의 관점에서 바라보았을 때, 바람직한 외교 방안이 다를 경우 어느 것에 중점을 두고 문제를 해결해야 하는지 질문하였다. 조태열 주 유엔 대사 분께서는 항상 국익과 사익이 충돌한다고 생각하기보다는 몇 몇 내용에 대해서는 의견이 합치되기도 한다는 견해를 가지는 것이 중요하다고 말씀하셨다. 국민들의 인식 수준이 성숙해짐에 따라

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그 문제는 해결될 것이라고 말씀하셨다. 닫힌 사고와 편협 된 사고를 하기 보다는 계몽된 국가 이익을 가지고 국제 문제에 대해 관심을 가지는 것이 중요하다고 하셨다 국민들의

인식이

국가

수준을

따라가지

못하는 이유에 대해서는 다른 국가들은 몇 백 년 동안에 걸쳐 이룬 성장을 우리나라는 단 몇 년

안에

덧붙여서

이루었기 이러한

때문이라고 빠른

경제

분석하셨다. 성장의

주된

목표가 오직 경제 성장이었기 때문에, 주위를 둘러보거나

열린

사고를

가지지

못하게

되었다고 말씀하셨다. 이처럼 조태열 대사님께서는 국민 의식의 성숙도에 대해 중점을 두고 말씀해 주셨다. 국민의식의 성장이 곧 국가의 성장이고, 국가의 성장이 곧 국민의 성장이라는 점을 말씀하고자 하셨던 것 같다. 나는 이번 강연을 들으며, 계몽된 국가 의식을 가지고 국제 문제 해결에 관심을 가진다는 것이 무슨 의미인지에 대해 더 깊이 고민해보게 되었다. 대통령이 꿈인 내가, 후에 대통령이 되었을 때, 어떠한 방법으로 계몽된 국가 의식을 가지게 할 지에 대해 깊이 고민해보는 계기가 되었다. 국가의 주도만으로, 정부의 주도만으로 이끌어 올리지 못하는 것이 계몽된 국가 의식이라는 결론에 도달했고, 지속적인 캠페인이나 교육 등을 통해 은연중에 계몽된 국가의식을 끌어올려야 할 것 같다는 생각이 들었다.

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HAEMIN KWON, YUBONG GIRLS’ MIDDLE SCHOOL The third day of the UN experience, we listened the Human Rights lecture. We learned about what human rights is. And he emphasized four section about human rights. First, Universal and inalienable, second, Interdependent and indivisible, third, Equal and non-discriminatory, fourth, both rights and obligations.

He taught us what the Universal Declaration of human rights do for the protection of human rights. They work with governments, promote and protect all human rights, help empower people, and inject a human rights perspective into all UN programs.

There was some UN human rights systems which is TREATY-BASED BODIES and CHARTER-BASED BODIES. And there was special procedures. Respond to emergencies, Dialogue with governments and bring allegations to their attention, receive and consider direct complaints.

Human rights challenges today is countering discrimination, integrating human rights in development and economic spheres, widening the democratic space, strengthening human rights mechanisms. I asked how does the early warning, action systems effectively works in the UN these days. And the answer was that early action does not always follow with early action. But still, the early warning, action systems were very effective and important solution to prevent the atrocity crimes because it costs far more to pick up the pieces after crisis than it does to prevent crisis.

This experience helped me to learn about some new information that I didn’t know before, and what action does the United Nation is taking these days. I think the important thing is to take an action. As the effort that we are doing to protect human rights, and also the action taken by the international community to prevent the human rights violation, I think it all comes from action.

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DOHUN KIM, DONGTAN GLOBAL HIGH SCHOOL After WW II, the entire world began to think about every human’s right that nobody considered before.

Through the crucial war, we could finally get the value which is very precious. But as soon as we were able to realize it, the human the way it should be ensured has been continuously discussed. And in present days, the human right is facing different problems; development of communication technology. So through this chance to visit OHCHR, I wanted to figure how to cope with this problem, and how the process of ensuring human right has been.

OHCHR, which was founded by considering the fact that the other 2 pillars that sustain UN cannot exist without ensuring human rights, is a part of UN secretariat, staffed by international civil servants, and support close to 800 of human rights officers. What I’ve been taught through the officer from this organization can be divided into two big categories, basic attributes of human rights, and what does this organization do.

Human rights attributes    

Universal and inalienable Interdependent & Indivisible Equal & Non-discriminatory Both rights and obligations

Equal (no priority) but independent

What does this organization do?    

Promote& protect all human rights Help and empower people Assist government Inject human rights perspective into all UN programmes

Through very elaborate system which includes many kinds of treaties and mechanisms such as charter bodies, and human right councils, the human right has been effectively protected and ensured, except for the thing that the present days are informational. The social media has a numerous power that can change the world, and in this virtual world, the conception of human rights was needed to be expended or limited. So I asked the officer about this and he said; social media is not under control, which is sometimes good but can be dangerous. So there are some investigations going on. He taught me that treating human rights is changing, and the ways are becoming different through investigations.

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At United Nations Environmental Programme, With Information officer Satwant Kaur

WONYOUNG BANG, YANGWHA MIDDLE SCHOOL United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), coordinates the organization's environmental activities and assists developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices. It advocate for global environment. UNEP runs three campaigns, clean seas, breathe life, wild for life. 

UN Environment launched clean seas in February 2017, with the aim of engaging governments, the general public, civil society and the private sector in the fight against marine plastic litter. Over the next five years, this campaign aims to address the root-cause of marine litter by targeting the production and consumption of single-use plastic.



Breathe life is a campaign to clean air. It mobilizes communities to reduce the impact of air pollution on our health and climate.



The illegal trade in wildlife is driving species to the brink of extinction while posing environmental, economic, development and security risks. But we can reverse this trend. Countries around the world, the United Nations, many other international and national organizations, businesses, governments and key opinion leaders are all working together to raise awareness, enact and enforce stronger laws, and step up support to local communities’ efforts to stop the illegal trade in wildlife.

During the question time I asked about Korea’s air pollution problem especially fine dust problem. And the officer of UNEP answered that they are thinking it very serious. I also asked “When you have an international conference, you're going to use a lot of resources, and if UNEP is different from other international conferences, is there UNEP’s own way to save resources and to generate less carbon?” And the officer said they install solar panels in buildings and save the electricity. They also buy carbon footprint credit when they move.

I was surprised that they save resources and generate carbon during the international conferences. I think it was useful time for us, and it was good experience for me. If I could have a chance to have a chance to listen about the UNEP or the environment, I would like to listen it.

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YOUNG-JUN LEE, WELLTAIN CHRISTIAN INTERNATIONAL The United Nations Environment Program, an agency of the UN coordinates the organization's environmental activities and assists developing countries in implementing environmentally sound actions and practices. It was founded by Maurice Strong, its first director, as a result of the Stockholm Conference in June 1972 and has overall responsibility for environmental problems among United Nations agencies; however, international talks on specialized issues, such as addressing climate change or combating desertification, are overseen by other UN organizations.

The environment has been suffering in recent times from human actions and development. This is strongly supported by the studies conducted by the IPPC, which is the section of the department that provides empirical evidence to support the claims made by UNEP. By using the data given by the IPPC, UNEP is able to effectively advance their ideas for possible solutions to governments, and convince them to enforce regulations on their individual countries.

UNEP, like many other UN departments, does not have the power to enforce laws to make countries make choices against the will of the rulers. It merely provides the country with materials that support their argument and suggest what their next action should be. For example, UNEP can ask a country to reduce their air pollution.

However, when the country refuses to act upon the suggestion, UNEP is not allowed to step up and fight against the country’s choices.

UNEFA runs three different campaigns. These include Clean Seas, Breathe Life, and Wild for Life. These campaigns help raise awareness for the consequences caused by the human activities that are harmful for the environment. By doing all of this, UNEP is able to effectively persuade countries and individuals to change their ways to support its cause.

HYOGWON JEE, JEONIN HIGH SCHOOL UNEP, a United Nations Environment Programme, is an organization which works for climate change, bio diversity, etc. To me, among other place I’ve visited, UNEP was especially interesting time among others.

UNEP’s work was more complex and various than I expected. One of the project, the ‘Young champion of the earth’, was the project that I’ve never thought will be exist as UNEP’s. It is a project that discover young human resource and support them to react to environmental issue. I like this project because it is similar to the one I am interested in; a Change maker project. It encourages young innovators to step out to the world needing them.

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PROGRAM CURRICULUM Date

Jan. 30

Jan. 31

Feb. 1

Feb. 2

Time

MUN Schedules

10:00 – 17:00

Registration

13:30 – 17:00

General Assembly Officials’ Training

18:30 – 19:30

Opening Ceremony

19:30 – 20:30

Opening Plenary Session

09:00 – 12:00

Training Session and UN Speaker Workshop

13:30 – 17:30

Committee Session I

17:00 – 18:00

Advisor and Head Delegate Meetings

19:00 – 21:00

Committee Session II

09:00 – 12:00

Committee Session III

13:30 – 17:30

Committee Session IV

17:00 – 18:00

Advisor and Head Delegate Meetings

19:00 – 21:00

Committee Session V

09:00 – 11:00

Committee Session VI

15:30 – 16:30

Closing Plenary Ceremony

16:30 – 17:30

Closing Ceremony

20:00 – 23:00

High School Delegate Social

21:00 – 00:00

University Social Ceremony

WFUNA International Model United Nations (WIMUN), the most accurate simulation of the United Nations in the world. Located in New York City, Geneva, and Seoul, the World Federation of United Nations Associations aims to precisely simulate the United Nations in Model UN programs and provide students with the most realistic experience possible. The WIMUN program features intensive training workshops taught by UN officials, briefings on important agenda items by UN Agencies, and a conference session in the heart of New York City in the North American edition.

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DELEGATE POSITION PAPER

Best Position Paper Award WINNER

Jongbin Yang, Hansol High School ECOFIN B, Malawi

“Information and Communication Technologies For Sustainable Development” The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 aims to guide us towards a better, brighter future. Through the utilization of ICTs and other scientific technological advancements it will greatly benefit the achievement in all 17 areas of the sustainable development goals. The internet enables us to share information and access global knowledge stores on an unprecedented scale opening up opportunities in economic growth, education and so forth.

“For these policies to be effective and have a long term positive effect developments in a regulatory legal framework aimed at safeguarding fundamental human rights, protecting privacy, promoting electronic services, and promoting competition in the ICT sector are needed.”

All this underlines the importance of enabling the access and widespread use of ICTs. Challenges that hamper us towards reaching our goal are the digital device between developed countries and LDCs, a lack of policies to support the global development and growth of ICTs, and insufficient methods of stopping cybercrime in developing countries. Malawi earned its LDC status in 1971 and currently has a Gross national income per capita of $331 which is one fourth of the LDC average at $1229 according to the triennial review conducted by the UN in 2018. Based on reports done by the World Bank and UN, Malawi is a country in deep poverty with a narrow economic base which is heavily dependent on agriculture as agricultural produce accounts for 90% of Malawi’s exports.

Nearly 90% of the rural population is reliant upon agriculture. Most of the country’s population lives in rural areas accompanied by a lack of access to social services. This is reflected in Malawi’s ICT infrastructure facing a number of human and financial resource constraints.

Malawi faces major problems in the ICT sector due to multiple reasons. Inadequate ICT infrastructure especially in the rural areas makes it difficult to implement ICT programs. Also Malawi is forced to import all of its ICT products and services as there is a lack of ICT professionals and institutional capacity. In spite of harsh conditions The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) report of 2011 for Malawi indicates that use of Internet by population in Malawi improved from 0.01 percent in 2005 to 6.8 percent in 2014. Use of mobile and fixed telephones (tele-density) has improved from 4 percent to about 39.8 percent in the same period. But despite all 36

this, high investment costs for ICT infrastructure and the lack of investors willing to invest impedes further development. Development in rural areas remain a challenge as most telephones and computers are concentrated in urban areas. It is crucial that Malawi solves this ICT infrastructure problem to play a meaningful role in the global economy.

Malawi urges upon the international community to take action in assisting LDCs in developing essential ICT infrastructure. Without such actions aimed to reduce the digital divide between countries it will not only interfere with our efforts to use ICTs in accomplishing sustainable development but will also further expand the gap between developed and less developed countries. The UNCTAD and governments of LDCs such as Malawi should cooperate towards developing and implementing policies that aim for national development and utilization of ICT along with the provision of ICT services to vulnerable groups.

For these policies to be effective and have a long term positive effect developments in a regulatory legal framework aimed at safeguarding fundamental human rights, protecting privacy, promoting electronic services, and promoting competition in the ICT sector are needed. Through the implementation of such policies providing essential ICT infrastructure must have following benefits of job creation and foreign currency savings through local production of ICT based products and services, diversified marketing opportunities and increased income for the country. This way development in the ICT sector translating into economic benefits will allow further funding and long term growth to be possible. Through funding and institutional guidance in ICT development for LDCs it will not only work towards giving LDCs economic benefits, it will allow ICTs to be utilized as an ever more powerful tool in carrying out sustainable development.

References     

https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category/ldc-data-retrieval.html https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/10695/463790BRI0Box31wi010ICTed0Survey111.pdf?se quence=1&isAllowed=y https://www.un.org/sc/ctc/focus-areas/information-and-communication-technologies/ https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DTL/STI_and_ICTs/ICT4D.aspx http://www.mw.undp.org/content/dam/malawi/docs/general/UNDP_MW_EDP_MDG_book_final.pdf

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Best Diplomacy Award WINNER

Michael Sungmin Choi, Busan Foreign School SOCHUM A, Malawi

“Advancement of Women” Gender Inequality has been an issue for a long time. The social status of women was viewed lower than men. A long time ago, difference between the social status of men and women were a lot greater. Men were always the ones with the most power and women just had to do what the men told them to do. It got a lot better in recent years, but women are still usually viewed as caretakers at home.

“Malawi ranks 173 out of 188 on the UN’s Gender Inequality Index (GII) and has the eighth highest child marriage rate in the world.”

Gender equality is one of the most crucial SDGs to achieve.

According to the UN Women website, it states, “Women and girls, everywhere, must have equal rights and opportunity, and be able to live free of violence and discrimination. Women’s equality and empowerment are one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, but also integral to all dimensions of inclusive and sustainable development. In short, all the SDGs depend on the achievement of Goal 5.”

49 countries in the world still lack laws to protect women from abuse. The term feminism can be used to describe a political, cultural or economic movement aimed at establishing equal rights and legal protection for women.

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People who take part in this are called feminists. Feminists fight to equalize the rights of men and women.

This specific goal is pivotal for Malawi especially, because of the country’s widespread inequalities. Malawi ranks 173 out of 188 on the UN’s Gender Inequality Index (GII) and has the eighth highest child marriage rate in the world. This shows how Malawi is a country with serious gender inequality problems. Also, Gender Based Violence (GBV) remains a serious development challenge in Malawi. In 2014, USAID included Malawi as one of 35 GBV priority countries due to the high rates of child marriage in the country. Thus, Malawi has to improve in many ways to fulfill SDGs, specifically gender equality.

One way to solve the issue in Malawi is to get support from USAID. USAID works to provide more opportunities to women and girls by integrating gender equality and women’s empowerment with other development efforts. Another way is making mandatory classes at school, and educate students about gender equality from a young age. It could be once a month class, which could eventually change the perspective of people. The final solution is suggesting to neighboring developing nations to make government supported education programs which could provide the education people need. This could increase the opportunity for women to learn. This is an effective solution, because in developing countries, if the families have enough money to send only one of their kids to school, they choose boys because of gender inequality. If the countries provide education programs for free, then even the girls could get the education they need.

References 

“MALAWI GENDER EQUALITY FACT SHEET | Fact Sheet | Malawi.” U.S. Agency for International Development, 26 Sept. 2016, www.usaid.gov/malawi/fact-sheets/malawi-gender-equality-fact-sheet.



“Sustainable Development Goal 5: Gender Equality.” UN Women, www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/women-and-the-sdgs/sdg-5gender-equality.

Seeun Gweon, Cheongshim International Academy SPECPOL B, Mali

“Comprehensive Review of the Whole Question of Peacekeeping Operations in their aspects”

“Even at this very moment, Mali faces terrorism, transnational organized crimes, illegal trafficking of weapons, drugs, goods, migrants, and money laundering.”

Having an armed force guarding conflict-stricken regions around the world is crucial in sustaining international peace. The United Nations Peacekeeping Operation (UNPKO) was founded under three main goals: protecting, implementing, and sustaining peace. For decades, the Peacekeeping Operation played an important role in promoting international security by preventing wars and fostering reconciliation. Despite such positive motive, however, several cases of failures in fulfilling PKO’s duties have led the international society to recognize the dire necessity of reforms from within. The reform must be successful so that it fully succeeds in securing the universal law stipulated in the Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person.” Mali has experienced series of rebellions towards the government in the past years, creating massive displacement and leaving 18 million people vulnerable.

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Recognizing such atrocity, in 2013, the Security Council established the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). Mali has experienced series of rebellions towards the government in the past years, creating massive displacement and leaving 18 million people vulnerable.

Recognizing such atrocity, in 2013, the Security Council established the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). Having the world’s most dangerous peacekeeping mission in the world, the government managed to implement a peace agreement but failed to stop violence as it recurred. Soon after, under the authorization of the African Union (AU) Peace and Security Council (PSC), the G5 Sahel joint force was created, strengthened by the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 2359. While still faced with budgetary problems, Mali is still striving to protect its people and implement peace within the region.

In spite of all efforts the Malian government has put into addressing this issue, most attempts have failed, and from the past failures, Mali was able to conclude on four solutions. First, Mali pleads the Security Council to actively support bloodshed regions through gathering funds. This can be achieved if the global society actively participates in forming partnerships and supporting those in need. The G5 Sahel joint force is currently supported by France with approximately 4,000 troops deployed in the region, and the United States, which pledged 60 million dollars in bilateral support. Nevertheless, the mission has yet been successful due to a lack of funding. The delegate of Mali strongly believes that strengthened financial unity between countries is what ensures global security and peace. Second, many stringent UN PKO regulations must be established to effectively guide its activities. Several past PKO missions have been concluded as failures as it intervened too late, withdrew too early, or interfered without thorough investigations on conflicts. To prevent the Peacekeeping Force merely witnessing the greatest atrocities due to vague regulations, specified standards on when to intervene, when to withdraw, or how it must intervene must be further specifically discussed. Third, Mali encourages the Security Council to set up collaborations with NATO, so as to supplement the limitations of the Peacekeeping Operation. As PKO exists not to militarily intervene, it often becomes a bystander to conflicts between different rebel groups, which leads to a failure in preventing the greatest massacres and genocides. Cooperation with NATO will enhance the efficacy of PKO’s missions in entailing peace and mitigating brutality in war-torn regions as needed military actions will be taken place along with the protection of innocent, local civilians. Fourth, Mali suggests the establishment of a Peacekeeping Operation Monitoring Organization - an independent monitoring system which creates a check and balance relationship. This body must serve to prevent Peacekeepers’ involvement in misconduct and sexual exploitation by monitoring, reporting and sentencing punishments. The existence of such an independent body will restrain Peacekeepers from engaging in improper individual behavior, restore trust between locals and the UN, and promote transparency of the Peacekeepers’ activities in needy regions.

Regardless of the government’s efforts to maintain peace for its people, only violence awaited. Even at this very moment, Mali faces terrorism, transnational organized crimes, illegal trafficking of weapons, drugs, goods, migrants, and money laundering. These problems do not stay within the boundaries of one nation but reach far beyond its neighboring nations, and therefore combating these conflicts has become the duty of not one nation, but a duty for all. Mali feels grateful that the General 40

Assembly cares and shows passionate desire to address this issue with the member states. In order to fulfill its international and governmental duties, Mali is more than willing to optimize system of national solidarity to ensure that no one is left behind. As what the Mali President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïtahas said, “a war in the name of obscurity, death is no accident,” Mali pledges its involvement in securing international peace so that such brutality is never repeated again.

References  UN Charter from https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/ctc/uncharter.pdf  Mali Peace Accord from https://www.sipri.org/node/385  Understanding the G5 Sahel Joint Force from https://www.csis.org/analysis/understanding-g5-sahel-joint-force-fighting-terrorbuilding-regional-security  Mali President Speech (2018.09.26.) General Assembly 73 rd Session from http://webtv.un.org/watch/mali-president-addresses-generaldebate-73rd-session/5840492330001/  The World Fact Book from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ml.html  United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA): from https://minusma.unmissions.org/en  United Nations Peacekeeping Operation form https://peacekeeping.un.org/en  United Nations Peacekeeping Operation – Standards of Conduct from https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/standards-of-conduct  North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) form https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/index.htm

Haemin Kwon, Yubong Girls’ Middle School Plenary, Mali

“The Responsibility to Protect and the Prevention of Genocide, War Crimes, Ethnic Cleansing, and Crimes against Humanity”

“Thus, this delegate suggests that externally, cooperation between countries is needed while internally the clarity of the criteria for intervention and the effectiveness of the UN operations is necessary.”

Genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity is the worldwide issue recognized by many international organizations. Differences in ideology and religion have caused destruction of the human dignity through genocide.

Regarding this topic, there are two serious cases in which the UN did not respond effectively. The "Genocide in Rwanda" refers to the genocide by Hutu people during the 1994 Civil War in Rwanda. Currently, the Rwandan government estimates 1,174,000 people were killed in the 100 days of the war. This figure corresponds to about 70 percent of the Tutsi population at the time and about 20 percent of the Rwandan population.

Another is the Srebrenica massacre, or the Srebrenica-Jeppa massacre, which occurred in July 1995 and killed more than 8,000 people.

The international community is trying hard to solve these problems. It is noteworthy that the concept of R2P (Responsibility to Protect) is a new international norm.

In paragraphs 138 and 139 of the results of the 2005 World Summit, Heads of State and Governments affirmed their responsibility to protect their own populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. The international community is trying hard to solve these problems. It is noteworthy that the concept of R2P (Responsibility to Protect) is a new international norm. In paragraphs 138 and 139 of the results of the 2005 World Summit, Heads of State and Governments affirmed their responsibility to protect their own populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. They also declared their 41

preparedness to take timely and decisive action in cooperation with relevant regional organizations when the state authorities clearly fail to protect residents. However, still, there are many cases of genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity around the world. Also, despite of these efforts by the international community, the number of victims are increasing. This shows that the current solution to this problem is insufficient.

Regarding the topic, the most serious problems in Mali are crimes against humanity, war crimes, and ethnic cleansing. On the 16th of January, 2013, the ICC (International Criminal Court) report listed evidence of suspected crimes, such as the executions of about 100 Malian army soldiers at Aguelhok on 24 January 2012.

Destruction of the holy shrines of Timbuktu between 2012 and 2013, and accusations of rape and forced marriage were defined as war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The African Human Rights Organization claimed that Mali’s military, supported by France, and executed ethnic cleansing on armed groups in the north of the country. Ethnic tension is one of the most serious problems in Mali. The Mali government asked ICC for an official investigation of war crimes and crimes against humanity. However, this is not intended to solve the problem but rather to use as a means of attacking opponents. That is why these problems are still happening continuously. Neutral involvement of an international organization is needed to solve these problems caused by racial and religious conflicts.

The solution to this problem can be divided into internal and external solutions. From the external perspective, this problem is difficult to resolve within borders. The damage from the civil war in Mali, which caused France's intervention, has spread to neighboring country, Algeria. Islamic extremists claim that the attack is revenge for Algeria's support for the French intervention in the Mali civil war. This civil war in Mali took place in complex relations with various foreign countries, so cooperation between countries is necessary to solve deeply-rooted problems. From the internal perspective, the standards on intervention of the UN should be specified.

Developing countries are concerned that the UN’s intervention might unrighteously reflect interests of powerful countries, and get abused by excessive intervention on internal affairs. Also, efficient operation of the UN is essential, but hard to achieve. For example, he international community has long ignored the case of 300,000 genocide victims in Rwanda, It is not easy to reach an agreement because each member state has different 42

interests. For example, in the wake of the cyclone disaster in Myanmar, it was difficult to solve the problem.

Many countries have regarded Myanmar's government's neglect of the victims as an inhumane crime. Although many UN member states strongly argued that they should intervene, Russia and China opposed since it was a natural disaster. Often the problems cannot be resolved when the member states have different interests about the same issue. Thus, this delegate suggests that externally, cooperation between countries is needed while internationally the clarity of the criteria for intervention and the effectiveness of the UN operations is necessary.

References 

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Rwanda: How the genocide happened, BBC, April 1, 2004, which gives an estimate of 800,000, and OAU sets inquiry into Rwanda genocide, Africa Recovery, Vol. 12 1#1 (August 1998), page 4, which estimates the number at between 500,000 and 1,000,000. 7 out of every 10 Tutsis were killed.

Potocari Memorial Center PRELIMINARY LIST of Missing Persons from Srebrenica '95 Archived February 27, 2009. http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/arabafrica/570094.html#csidx37c0ee534cb9a4fa3c7bffa379aca6a http://www.globalr2p.org/publications/668 Mali: ICC investigation of conflict crimes a key step towards justice". Amnesty International. 2013-01-16. http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/arabafrica/570094.html http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/PRINT/296723.html http://www.dspress.org/news/articleView.html?idxno=3569

Dohun Kim, Dongtan Global High School ECOFIN B, Gabon

“Elimination of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance”

“Racism is a global problem that continuously has bullied specific kinds of people from the world and therefore kept the entire human race from peace.”

Even after colonization, Africa had to suffer from long lasting consequences. The prominent example is artificially drawn borders by Europeans, which led to number of conflicts in Africa. Africans were sold as slaves, and many of them were killed and abused. Current circumstances has not changed much from the past. Many Africans flee to other countries and continents due to its poor, and unstable status. These people become international refugees. Due to this situation, negative perspectives on Africa is wide spread around the world. Africa is considered as the poorest continent in the world, and in fact statistics from UNHCR reveals that 5 out of top 10 countries which refugees come from are located in Africa. However, instead of reaching out to help them, some people mock and discriminate. According to a Racism Map in Europe, over half of the European countries have negative perspectives on Muslims, and 1 out of 12 Africans are Muslims.

This phenomenon of Xenophobia toward Africans is real, and growing faster. Now, Gabonese Republic wish not to avoid racism and related problems any longer. Although the Gabonese Republic seems economically stable and have less racial discrimination and xenophobic problems due to Gabon’s intermarriage culture between ethnics, the related problems have existed in Gabon for a long time.

After the independence in 1960, with natural resources such as petroleum, Gabon was able to economically develop. However, hard labors by the people from other countries had to exist within Gabon. Thus, while enjoying economic prosperity, Gabon has received about 132000 immigrant laborers from surrounding countries.

However due to the xenophobic atmosphere in Gabon at that time, the laborers had to work under very inferior circumstances, and were even forced to work. Even now, although the country is wealthy, foreign workers are 43

living in very poor condition. For instance, small ethnic groups like Pygmy are facing discrimination within Gabon, and many other surrounding countries, such as Congo. The main causes of these problems are wrong and inclined perspectives of people, as well as widely spread racism all around the world.

To correct the wrong perceptions about other races, education about racism is necessary. But this will not be effective if it is committed only by few countries. So Gabon suggests to make a global education institution about racism. By establishing the institution, conflicts related with racism will decrease. Especially in Africa, with the existence of such organization, conflict solving process would become more efficient. However, it is impossible to ignore that the education has its limit. Education by international organizations would not be sufficiently powerful to change the discriminative atmosphere. So Gabon’s second suggestion is to make a law, So Gabon’s suggestion is to make the law that economically limits a country which shows racial aspects of diplomacy and conflict that limits human rights. But this solution contains reasonable process since the sovereignty must not be infringed Racism is a global problem that continuously has bullied specific kinds of people from the world and therefore kept the entire human race from peace. Although the solutions of the Gabonese Republic might seem radical, this agenda has been unsolved for a long time, and have prevented global development. Thus, some evolution of methods to deal with this agenda is required just like as suggested. Through these somehow radical but needed solutions, it will be able to lead the entire world into unity and more peaceful world.

References    

https://www.iwgia.org/en/news-alerts/archive/143-uncategorised/715-indigenous-peoples-in-gabon https://www.ytn.co.kr/_ln/0104_201708161500067836 https://minorityrights.org/minorities/non-gabonese-africans/ “Preventing Xenophobia in Africa:What must African Union do?”(by Romola Adeola)

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아프리카 인권문제에 관한 보고서 (by 서상현) “The Context of Xenophobia in Africa: Nigeria and South Africa in Comparison” (by Ebenezer O. Oni and Samuel K. Okunade)

Yoon Jae Kim, Welltain Christian International ECOSOC Forum on Forests, Gabon

“Forests and the Sustainable Development Goals” Forests have a profound role in our lives as more than 1.6 billion rely on the forests for their food, economic activities, or survival. Also, they are habitats for innumerable species and are the basis of ecosystem. However, as human activities, such as manufacturing, increased, forests started to be ruined.

Therefore, sustainable forest management and forest conservation has been called for since around 1990s.

“In status quo, the immediate and possibly the most fundamental problems of forest management include financial and informational limitation.”

The Earth Summit in Rio (1992) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (1993) were among the first notable global actions toward forest preservation. More practical discussions were made in 2000, when the need for unified code of management against excessive exploitation was recognized. It led United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) to establish the United Nations Forest Forum (UNFF).

It was established to bring the global society together for discussing forest management and conservation 44

worldwide. In 2015, ECOSOC adopted the UN Strategic Plan for Forests, and it laid six Global Forest Goals (GFG) and 26 associated targets to be achieved by 2030.

In status quo, the immediate and possibly the most fundamental problems of forest management include financial and informational limitation. Informational limitation cuts off the channel of information and lead to impractical and invalid solutions. Even though effective policies might be established, financial limit will prevent the implementation. With the resolution to overcome these two limitations, preventive solutions for sustainable forest management should be made and carried out so that desertification slows and eventually stops.

However, not many of the member states have set well-balanced management plans between preservation and production.

Nearly 90 percent of Gabon’s territory is covered with humid forest. The forests are important resources of Gabon, thus, Gabon government has been eager to protect forest resources and at the same time gain momentum towards the nation’s sustainable development. Domestically, Wildlife Conservation Society Gabon (WCS Gabon) aims to protect Gabon’s forest ecosystem and has collaborated with the managers of these protected areas to develop appropriate solutions. Gabon has been cooperative on the international society as well to bring forth sustainable forest management. At the World Summit for Social Development (1995), Gabon, along with five other Central African countries (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and the Republic of the Congo) launched the Congo Basin Forest Partnership, cooperating with the United States and other partners, aiming at the sustainable forest management and economic development.

Furthermore, Gabon has sent delegates in UNFF to voice the needs for forest management plans. In 2014, Gabonese National Forum of the Conference on Dense and Humid Forest Ecosystems in Central Africa hosted the National Information workshop to inform and raise the awareness of climate change and REDD+. Most recently, in 2017, Gabon made a decisive move to conform to the commitments under the Paris Agreement.

Gabon seeks ways to develop its industry, specifically the agriculture, and at the same time forests are not converted to crops and farm lands. Since Gabon’s focus is also on sustainable development of the nation alongside with forest preservation, global society’s financial aid will be in need.

In domestic level, this delegate believes economic development that is compatible with forest preservation be established by each developing countries. In order to help the developing nations set the policy guidelines, forest information and related technology of those developed countries be transferred to developing nations’ governments. Gabon, as a developing nation, will focus on development that goes with forest preservation.

Measures will be taken to minimize the drawbacks of industrial activities such as farmland agriculture.

Moreover, for developing countries like Gabon, economic diversification and basic industry such as agriculture is necessary for the nation’s growth. Under global society’s support, deforestation will be minimized, and the developing countries can seek ways for faster and more efficient growth.

In international level, he suggests three main solutions. Firstly, diversification of funds. Currently, ECOSOC suffers from financial burden when it comes to solving deforestation. He thinks diversifying the fund would 45

reduce the pressure of current existing funds. Secondly, governments should submit reports to the ECOSOC more transparently and periodically. Currently, many nation states are not actively submitting the reports, thus, ECOSOC is difficult to gather the information. Lastly, the committee should cooperate more actively with nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), civil participants, and local residents. This cooperation can work as a think tank which can provide new and fresh ideas that may become solutions to the agenda.

References        

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13376333 Gabon forest research https://gabon.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Gabons-Forests.aspx https://globalforestatlas.yale.edu/congo/forest-governance/gabon http://www.modernwoodworkindia.com/cover-story/gabon-forest-sustainably-managed-resource-2/ https://rainforests.mongabay.com/deforestation/2000/Gabon.htm - Gabon deforestation https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/27/gabon-forests-protect-communities-biodiversity-climate-change -Gabon deforestatio http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/articles/2017/06/27/le-gabon-s-engage-pr-server-sa-for-t-et-r-duire-sesmissions-de-co2.html - Gabon’s forest goals

Wonyoung Bang, Yangwha Middle School ECONFIN A, Mali

“Agricultural Development, Food Security and Nutrition”

“To resolve the problem fundamentally, the government should be able to revive the economy and stand on its own.”

Since Rome Declaration on World Food security in 1996, the world food summit planned to “reduce the number of undernourished people to half no later than 2015.” However, “1 in every 6 people on Earth still don’t get enough food to live” This worldly issue is also a severe problem in Mali. Mali suffers from malnutrition due to low agricultural production rate and poverty. Hereby, delegate of Republic of Mali would like to recognize the fact that Mali is currently in danger and explain possible ways to save the nation. Many Malians are dying from hunger and have malnutrition issues. “In Gao and Timbuktu, global acute malnutrition rates exceeded the WHO ‘crisis’ threshold” and “45% of childhood deaths are caused by nutrition factors” (USAID).

To improve the situation, Mali has come up with several policies and joined different movements and organizations, such as Scaling up Nutrition (SUN) and Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP).

Through different programs, various donors from many countries have aided Mali. Our government is also taking part in supporting national nutrition program to end the hunger in Mali. However, there’s a limitation in getting aids and supports from outside. Mali has to become more economically independent to essentially eradicate nutrition problem. For Mali to be independent, Mali first has to increase the agricultural production rate. While many LDCs suffer from low production level, European farmers efficiently produce, and in fact overproduce the products. Then European farmers sell products to Mali’s grain market at cheaper price.

Although consumers could benefit from it, cheaper imported crops will ultimately kill smallholder farmers in Mali. As they cannot afford to further produce, they end up selling their land to international companies. But then, the companies only produce cash crops, and export them to developed countries. This vicious cycle leads 46

to food insecurity in Mali. To resolve this issue, this delegate asks developed countries to limit the amount of agricultural product export, and provide technology transfer. This would help Mali become economically independent, and would further resolve malnutrition issues.

European markets and international companies are factors that can be controlled. However, there are uncontrollable problems such as natural disasters. In Mali, food security has been rocking in recent years due to natural disasters, such as drought and erratic rain falls. 80 percent of Malians heavily rely on agricultural industries, and those people had to live in difficulties. So with the help of banks, special crop insurance for the farmers was developed. The insurance depends on technological program that predicts rain by observing how clouds move. Farmers should be educated about different technologies related to agricultural production, or get opportunities to have this kind of insurance to survive in harsh environment.

There have been several issues such as childhood death, malnutrition, and poverty in Mali. To resolve the problem fundamentally, the government should be able to revive the economy and stand on its own. Even for uncontrollable factors like natural disasters, the government should invest in education or technology to be independent at the end. With a fully granted support from developed countries, Mali will eventually be able to stand strong for further economic growth and development.

References 

Aamann, Preben. “Rome Declaration.” Acuerdos Internacionales Sobre Acción Por El Clima - Consilium, Consejo De La UE, 25 Mar. 2017, www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2017/03/25/rome-declaration/.

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“Agriculture and Food Security | Mali.” U.S. Agency for International Development, 18 Oct. 2018, www.usaid.gov/mali/agriculture-andfood-security.

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“Mali.” World Food Programme, www1.wfp.org/countries/mali.

Ziegler, Jean, and Hanna van Laak. Wie Kommt Der Hunger in Die Welt? Ein Gespräch Mit Meinem Sohn. Cbt, 2009.

Jayoung Son, Homeschooler SPECPOL B, Gabon

“Comprehensive Review of the Whole Question of Peacekeeping Operations in their aspects”

“UN and PKO have a mission to protect world peace. Gabon promises to actively participate in this, and work to improve the situation.”

Many people evaluate the United Nations Peacekeeping Operation (UNPKO) as a failure due to uncooperative member states. Even when UN’s quick and decisive respond was necessary, the different views between superpowers hindered peacekeeping efforts. UN Peacekeeping Force rarely demands more troops from each member states due to widespread atmosphere that PKO must be done within the limit that developed nations have set. Currently, most troops are from developing nations. Although developed nations provide funding, manpower shortages is not yet solved. Thus, Gabon believes that developed nations must support not only through funding, but also with manpower. Through systematic reform, UN Peacekeeping Force would be able to fulfill the mission, “to the people of conflict with greater responsibility."

Another problem is outdated weapons. Worse yet, nowadays many governments stand against the peace keeping 47

force due to sovereignty or different ideologies they have. Which means that instead of focusing on their task to mediate the reconciliation and protect civilians, PKO troops must concern about their safety first.

Gabon is fully involved in the peacekeeping efforts of the United Nations. Gabon wants to support the maximum number of troops and supplies. However, as a country that represents the non-Aligned Movement, Gabon do not want to use the troops and materials of Gabon to engage in ideological confrontation. The goal of Gabon is to ensure independence, sovereignty, territorial unity and security of various countries by fighting imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, and racism, all forms of foreign invasion, occupation, domination, interference, and hegemony. Gabon asks for help so that Gabon troops can be used in these places.

Gabon invites many countries for cooperation to solve this problem.

Everyone, in this globalized world, Gabon and other countries must not think about the safety of each country. Instead, consider the world as one global nation, and try to work together to make a better world. This delegate asks to work together for a better world. Gabon requests the following: First, support UN Peacekeeping Force with more troops. As UNPKO actually goes into the field, not only financial aid, but also manpower is necessary. Second, support more resources. No matter what the economic level of the country is, it would be worthwhile to spend money to maintain world peace. UN would like each delegate to provide capital to suit global needs. Finally, restore hostility to the peacekeepers.

Enemy to peacekeepers makes it difficult to create a better world. Do not consider people who are struggling for world peace as enemies. Every nations are responsible for current situation. Now it is time to solve this problem. However, no single country can solve this problem by its own efforts. Thus, cooperation is necessary.

Do not hesitate to support money, supplies, and manpower. UN and PKO have a mission to protect world peace.

Gabon promises to actively participate in this, and work to improve the situation.

References    

https://peacekeeping.un.org/en http://www.pko.go.jp/pko_e/organization/researcher/atpkonow/article017.html http://portals.unssc.org/mod/scorm/view.php?id=15 peacekeeping-handbook_un_dec2003_0.pdf

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Young-Jun Lee, Welltain Christian International ECOFIN A, Malawi

“Agricultural Development, Food Security and Nutrition”

“Even without the fall in tobacco sales, Malawi has suffered because of recurring droughts that affected the population of smallholder farmers, who make up for more than 80 percent of the population, and make 85 percent of the income.”

Food security has always been a concern for mankind since the beginning of time. Nowadays, with the rate of world hunger rising again since 2014, it is more important now than ever to address this situation. In 2018, the estimated number of people around the world that are experiencing crisis and food insecurity has risen to 124 million people in 51 countries compared to that of 2017’s 108 million in 48 countries. The increase in people living with food insecurities is a huge problem as it increases the number of other food related health issues. People in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are suffering from lack of nutrition, which is a problem that needs to be dealt with.

In Malawi, the problem has gone out of hand. Currently Malawi is one of the least developed countries in the world, as it is ranked 170th place out of 187 countries. Even though the country’s most main source of income is farming, food security is morbid. With more than 55 percent of the country growing tobacco, it is safe to say that it is a huge source of income for the country and many of the people. However, a new global trend of health made tobacco sales suffer a huge drop, with the numbers dropping from 22 percent world-wide, to just 18 percent.

Countries like India, Saudi Arabia, the US, and China, the main exports of Malawi have also seen a decrease in cigarette sales, which have had a huge negative affect on the country’s economy. This has cost a huge sum of money for the country and its people.

Even without the fall in tobacco sales, Malawi has suffered because of recurring droughts that affected the population of smallholder farmers, who make up for more than 80 percent of the population, and make 85 percent of the income. 53 percent of the population live under the global poverty line, and 90 percent live on less than two dollars a day. 46 thousand children, who make up for 47 percent of the children population, have been stunted, and many more are suffering from other problems that follow lack of nutrition. As shown in this passage, Malawi is a nation that is incapable of supporting its own people.

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The situation is currently hard to overcome, since Malawi is not getting enough investment from global organizations. Going into the 2000s the IMF declared that the y would cease to invest any more money into Malawi, due to corruption in the government. With the IMF pulling out, This lead to various other organizations leaving Malawi as well, labeling it one of the least safe places to put money in, and virtually leaving the country helpless. However, this does not mean that Malawi has no potential of improvement from their current situation.

In fact, many experts say that the inefficient cultivation of land is one of the main problems for the country.

With 80 percent of the country’s farmers being smallholder land owners, it is the biggest factor in not being able to produce in masses. If more land could be cultivated, it would greatly increase the production of the country and would assist in abolishing food security problems in the world.

Malawi’s government is slowly moving towards this direction, and the country has slowly been regaining its footing, with productivity slowly growing as years go by. Seeing this, many countries like the US have recently started showing interest by investing in Malawi, aiming for long term goals. It can also be noted that the country is searching to find an alternative to tobacco to produce something that would go along the global trends, such as sugar cane, or corn. However, all this cannot be accomplished without better funding. This is why Malawi asks the UN and the nations interested in solving the crisis of food security, to start campaigns and investments to help Malawi become productive enough to create a better world for itself and the countries associated.

References     

https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category-malawi.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malawi https://tradingeconomics.com/malawi/agricultural-land-percent-of-land-area-wb-data.html https://mwnation.com/malawi-needs-heavy-investment-in-agriculture-production/ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267715808_Integrating_new_trends_in_farming_systems_approaches_in_Malawi

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Wonjun YI, Anyang Arts High School ECOFIN C, Mali

“Eradication of Poverty and Other Development Issues”

“This provides a second opportunity for those who left the prior education system due to the environment’s lack of qualifications and insufficient skills. Achieving this will promote employment opportunities in public service in accord with financial standards and balances.”

Human Development Index, which determines the development level of a country, takes life expectancy, education, and gross national income into account. Africa’s inability to provide sufficient provisions for basic human needs placed a majority of the continent’s nations on the top list of least developed countries. In an attempt to alleviate poverty and promote development, monetary contributions from around the world resulted in an accumulation of over 500 billion dollars which was distributed to African nations in the form of direct aid.

Despite this, development in many sub-Saharan Africa shows no significant improvement. Although developing states have shown a certain degree of ecnomic development and minimal alleviation of poverty, the relationship between financial aid and economic development has been inconclusive to date. Other factors such as geographical location, local infrastructure, and percent of arable land appear to have more significant effect on development.

Mali heavily relies on agricultural goods and exports throughout the global market. However, climatic struggles such as widespread drought and lack of infrastructure to maintain efficient transportation and allocation of agricultural resources such as arable land and water remain unresolved.

For the reason, our government has made commitment in implementing national development strategies that incorporate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) based on domestic resource mobilization. This delegate also appreciates the international community and the United Nation’s support.

To address the urgency of the problem, this delegate proposes the following two approaches: (i) Rebuild the economy by strengthening agriculture and increasing support for rural development and (ii) promoting youth employment.

First, improving transportation infrastructure is critical in combating pover ty in Mali. The government therefore prioritizes road network maintenance, building new paved priority roads, and ensuring national access to river networks and the continuation of cloudseeding (to combat climate change). Meeting these requirements will improve efficiency in resource allocation and alleviate poverty resulting from drought.

Second, one of Mali’s national priorities is promoting youth employment. Thus, the government has established numerous programs aimed at expediting the creation of applicable and advantageous work for youth, such as 51

the Programme Emploi Jeunes (Youth Employment Program) (YEP) implemented by the Agence pour la Promotion de l'Emploi des Jeunes (Agency for the Promotion of Youth Employment) (APEJ). This provides a second opportunity for those who left the prior education system due to the environment’s lack of qualifications and insufficient skills. Achieving this will promote employment opportunities in public service in accord with financial standards and balances.

The men, women, and children are suffering from insufficient provisions such as clean water, basic nutrition, and shelter. In a globalized world, with the support of the United Nations and the international community, resolving these issues can significantly help eradicate poverty in Mali.

References  2018 World hunger and poverty facts and statistics, Hunger Notes from https://www.worldhunger.org/world-hunger-and-poverty-factsand-statistics/  Foreign Aid in Africa: Role, Experiences and challenges, Samuel Wangwe, Daima, Tanzania, 22 November 2006 from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiJ686Fp_HfAhWCw7 wKHZkZD8MQFjABegQIBRAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afdb.org%2Ffileadmin%2Fuploads%2Fafdb%2FDocuments%2FKno wledge%2F09484248-EN-FOREIGN-AID-IN-AFRICA-15NOV06.PDF&usg=AOvVaw2qXhs7JfzGBrsFX5FwVAc9  Foreign aid and development in Africa: What the literature says and what the reality is, Nathan Andrews, University of Northern British Columbia, 26 October 2009  Understanding Poverty, Topics, The World Bank,www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-poverty-line-fag  Why is Mali Poor, Amanda Quinn, The Borgen Project, September 2007, https://borgenproject.org/why-is-mali-poor/  The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2017, United Nations, 2017  Poverty in Mali, Georgia Boyle, The Borgen Project, January 2017, https://borgenproject.org/poverty-in-mali/\  Agricultural water Management, Operations Evaluation Department, African Development Bank Group, 2011  Current status of resource development in Africa, The Export-Import Bank of Korea, July 2009  The World Bank in Mali, The World Bank, 11 January 2019, https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mali/overview  Good Life Goals, SDG Business Hub, https://sdghub.com/goodlifegoals

Hyunji Lee, Global Prodigy Academy ECOFIN C, Gabon

“Eradication of Poverty and Other Development Issues”

“To be more specific, developing nations must invest in agriculture and encourage employment in such field to lower unemployment rate, and increase productivity.”

Poverty: the condition of people in need of basic goods. Poverty includes not only lack of resources and income but also hunger, limited education, health care, and inequality. Most poor people are agrarian. People who rely on agriculture to maintain their life is 40 percent of Gabonese. Unemployment is another key factor in poverty. More than 20 percent are suffering from unemployment, and out of them, 35 percent are youth.

Unemployment lies at the center of poverty. It is significant to give sufficient and appropriate jobs, especially to women and children for the purpose of economic independence and empowerment. According to the new study by UNDP, Africa has the highest income inequality. Daily burdens hinder common people to economically develop.

This causes an even bigger social and economic gap and drives people to protest and rebel with anger. Also, healthcare is another urgent issue in Africa. A huge number of people die due to lack of healthcare systems such as medicine or vaccine.

Thus, the introduction of sanitary and healthcare systems in Africa is vital. The rate of people who live in high poverty with low incomes of approximately 1.20 US dollars per day has been increasing throughout the year.

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This strong inequality income means more than 500,000 out of 1.7 million people living in Gabon are below the poverty line.

Knowing Gabon requires developmental systems and resources, the reason for the high poverty issue is lack of basic goods, such as food, clean water, and proper sanitation system. In another aspect, expanded and open health and education system are imperative. A huge amount of people died because of lack of medicines or health facilities. Approximately 1.6 million Africans died of malaria tuberculosis, and other diseases. People who have these kinds of diseases can be treated and prevented with the access to appropriate and affordable care. Fortunately, the number of elementary schools and students have increased than before, but there are still a low amount of people in middle school and high school. One of the UNDP reports stated that this is because of low household incomes and gender inequality. Employment is the most effective way to improve people’s low-standard lives. Creating productive employment opportunities is crucial to reduce poverty, create a sustainable economy and socially develop. Also, to achieve poverty reduction, proper health care system, widespread education, and employment opportunities are necessary.

Access to sanitation and clean water is challenging. UNICEF said that without quick action, the situation will get worse within the next 20 years. The government and other organizations must be committed to developing sanitation, providing clean water and figure out the ways to fix the situation. In order to produce medicine, each country has to follow Current Good Manufacturing Practices (CGMP), which is proceeded by US and other developed countries to assure the quality and transparent process. However, many African countries do not have the required skill for medicine production. Therefore, African countries need support from other countries and organizations. To resolve unemployment and low-income issue, the focus should be on creating more productive jobs, especially which can help the working poor. To be more specific, developing nations must invest in agriculture and encourage employment in such field to lower unemployment rate, and increase productivity. By getting better jobs and higher income, people will be able to get a proper education.

References  “United Nations - Poverty,” Department Of Economic And Social Affairs, United Nations, 23 Jan. 2018 https://www.un.org/development/desa/socialperspectiveondevelopment/issues.html.  “10 Facts About Poverty in Gabon,” Blog, 23 Jan. 2018 https://borgenproject.org/poverty-in-gabon/  “Combating Africa’s inequalities,” Obscene disparities: new UNDP study highlights chasm between rich and poor, Africa Renewal, 23 Jan. 2018 https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2017-march-2018/combating-africa%E2%80%99s-inequalities  “Dying from lack of medicines,” Encouraging local production, right policies the way out, Africa Renewal, 23 Jan. 2018 https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2016-march-2017/dying-lack-medicineS  “Africa grapples with huge disparities in education,” Higher enrolment numbers mask exclusion and inefficiencies, Africa Renewal, 23 Jan. 2018, https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2017-march-2018/africa-grapples-huge-disparities-education  “United Nations - Poverty,” Department Of Economic And Social Affairs, United Nations, 23 Jan. 2018  https://www.un.org/development/desa/socialperspectiveondevelopment/issues/employment-and-decent-work.html  “UNICEF: 500 Children die every day from lack of safe water, sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa,” West & Central Africa conference on financing for water, sanitation aims to get more funding to sector, Unicef for every child, 23 Jan. 2018,  https://www.unicef.org/media/media_86521.html

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Hyogwon Jee, Jeonin High School ECOFIN A, Gabon

“Agricultural Development, Food Security and Nutrition”

“Along with many other African countries, Gabon needs a strong economic infrastructure to grow as a durable country, and support citizens’ health.”

The food security is one of the key components for agricultural development, but many countries are still suffering from food problem. The cause of the problem can be financial problem, climate changes, disaster, or etc. The cause of the problem depends on country, but one certain thing is, the problem must be solved in a quick, since the problem is directly related to people’s life. In order to solve the problem related to food security, easy access to healthy food based on stable and enough food source is needed. It is well known fact that many countries in Africa do not have good food security. In case of the Gabon, since the country do not have enough land for agriculture, the Gabon must secure finances to either import food or develop land for food source. In fact, Gabon is promoting PSGE (Plan Strategique Gabon Emergent) since 2009 in order to fulfill agricultural development. However, the problem is still so big and difficult to be solved by alone, so the Gabon would like to ask other countries who shares same problem to act together.

The Gabon has a main solution which followed by two smaller solutions to support it. Africa is probably continent with the most well protected nature in the world. Gabon has nearly 10% of total land as national park, and this delegate would take advantage of this to enhance economic infrastructure. This delegate would like to do this with many other African nations, by making Union to solve food security problem. If the union use national park tourism as a financing method, many African nations could make economical profits. Also, as the act of Union protects environments, other nations from different continents may offer help to fulfill Sustainable Development Goals 2(Zero hunger), 13(Climate action) and 15(Life on land) at once.

With growing economy, and experience of playing an important role in MINURCA, Gabon will act as a leading country of the Union, contributing to many African countries’ economic, and agricultural development.

Ultimately, the African countries include Gabon need a good foundation in process of development. The Gabon would be opened to union to take advantage from the Gabon’s PSGE. Since the project is making a good result, the Gabon would like to share the project to other African countries not only to share the development but also to receive a feedback for a further development. Also, with a voice of union, the Gabon expects for support of better knowledge and tool, and good strain of crop and livestock from developed countries.

Along with many other African countries, Gabon needs a strong economic infrastructure to grow as a durable country, and support citizens’ health. If countries cooperate, the world would change for the better.

References    

https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/seeds-growth-efforts-focus-boosting-production-and-encouraging-newgeneration-farmers https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/minurcaB.htm https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=ko&sl=en&u=https://www.peacecorps.gov/educators/resources/globalissues-food-security/&prev=search https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/10/30/four-things-you-should-know-about-food-securityin-africa/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.32afabffe178

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Minyoung Choi, Dongmyung Girls' High School SOCHUM A, Gabon

“Advancement of Women”

“Although the world is making progress in achieving gender equality in education, children who do not go to school still appears to be much higher for women.”

Globally, women have fewer opportunities for economic and political participation, lack basic education, and have more risk of health and safety than men. Gender equality means that men and women have equal opportunities for economic independence, education, and personal development. Although the world is making progress in achieving gender equality in education, children who do not go to school still appears to be much higher for women. This is because people in developing countries are often living in very poor environment and are unable to afford tuition, school uniforms, and related supplies.

Also, the illiteracy rate of Gabon is currently rising steadily, with the proportion of women approaching 70 percent. This is caused by men’s perception that women have to stay indoors. Gender discrimination in education occurs most frequently in developing countries. A lack of education eliminates the opportunity for women to get higher positions. Thus, women get stuck in this vicious cycle

In addition, sexist situations are happening frequently due to lack of legal system for gender equality.

Consequently, many women suffer from AIDS but do not get proper treatment because of financial burden. Rape crimes are frequent in Gabon, but the law is so weak that it has no influence on reduction of crime rate. Also, human rights violations are occurring in Gabon's prisons, where men and women are imprisoned without isolation, and security forces perform cruel and humiliating acts on prisoners. Like this, women face the reality of being targeted as victims of human rights abuses and sexual crimes.

Founded in 2010 to eliminate discrimination against women and enhance gender equality, the UN Women has distributed free books describing women’s rights, which i ncludes various elements of the Gabon Judicial System, legal levels and their roles. However, sexual discrimination is still happening very often. So Gabon asks the UN Women to maintain department for gender equality for developing countries only, where countries cannot overcome gender discrimination because of the financial problems. Also, Gabon asks the International Criminal Police Organization, established in 1956 to help cooperation and prevention of international crimes while respecting sovereignty, to work with the UN Women to improve human rights.

In conclusion, Gabon asks the United Nations to help reduce the gender discrimination. Today, Gabon does not have many women-related laws, and the punishment is not strong enough to reduce crime rates. Gabon asks UN to help expand the female employment in Gabon, so that our female citizens can work at higher positions. And this delegate also hopes to gain financial support from other nations to establish schools, and implement mandatory education system that will give women the opportunity to complete basic education and move further.

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References          

http://evaw-global-database.unwomen.org/fr/countries/africa/gabon https://www.rappler.com/world/regions/africa/186046-gabon-students-sex-for-grades-pressure https://knoema.com/atlas/Gabon/topics/Education/Literacy/Adult-literacy-rate https://www.peacecorps.gov/educators/resources/global-issues-gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment/ http://www.unwomen.org/en https://www.interpol.int/ https://borgenproject.org/top-10-facts-about-girls-education-in-gabon/ http://www.wimun.org/copy-of-hs-ga-second-committee-c https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/265468.pdf https://www.hrw.org/africa/gabon

Martin Sunyong Han, Sehwa High School ECOFIN C, Malawi

“Eradication of Poverty and Other Development Issues” Malawi is a country located in southeast Africa, with a population of 19 million people. Among them, more than threequarters are suffering from poverty. In contrast to currently developing coastal countries, Malawi cannot benefit from trade, since it a landlocked country. The main cause of poverty in Malawi can be divided into two; agriculture and disease.

“When one of the family members suffers from diseases, the family would cut their budgets and eventually sacrifice education, nutrition, and personal belongings to provide medical treatments.”

Weather-related issues can severely damage rural areas of Malawi. 64.1 percent of Malawians earn their living by harvesting crops and such disaster can make them suffer from a decrease of crop production and sometimes leads to crop failure.

The numbers of crops, which farmers collect, are not large enough to sustain their communities. Consequently, food shortage becomes an issue and results in more unnourished people. Crops survived through disasters are sold at markets for an unreasonable price. The increasing trend of health and the idea that tobacco is unhealthy has made Malawi’s leading crop, tobacco, less lucrative.

According to a report in 2016, Malawi was in possession of 45 million kilograms of an unsold leaf. These overall problems influence the food security of Malawi and the overall economy, which vastly relies on agriculture.

Diseases are considered as another serious matter of Malawi. When one of the family members suffers from diseases, the family would cut their budgets and eventually sacrifice education, nutrition, and personal belongings to provide medical treatments. Approximately 11.9 percent of Malawians are affected by HIV/AIDS according to water pollution and malnutrition. Families infected to communicable diseases cannot escape from the circulation of poverty. Despite the fact that Malawi is relatively rich in water resources, having a number of large lakes, rivers, and aquifers, there are critical issues affecting the country’s water supply. Much of the population lives without good access to a safe and protected water source, which is free from life-threatening micro-organisms and industrial and organic contamination. Clean water is hard to be approached by citizens, due to periodical droughts and floods. Thus, drinking water can easily be contaminated with bacteria, causing a water shortage.

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The United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) intervenes with matters such as but not limited to maternal and child health, reproductive health and epidemic prevention, especially focusing on increasing equitable and quality access to essential healthcare. Still, actions need to be taken through additional cooperation between the Malawian government and NGOs regarding education, water, and nutrition. In order to solve the fundamental problem, institutions must be established for adolescents and youth, so that they can learn practical knowledge such as ways to avoid HIV/AIDS. This can be a long-term solution to prevent HIV/AIDS and many other critical issues in Malawi. However, constant educations can gradually prevent communicable diseases and decrease malnutrition in Malawi. Most the communicable diseases are spread through drinking water. One of the short-term solutions for this is constructing extra water supplying and sewage facilities for better availability of clean water. Malawi is currently undergoing through a problem of gender inequality. In Malawi, the male-female ratio in schools, universities, and higher positions in public service and industry generally favors the male gender. Thus, women have a rare chance of getting involved in economic activities which slows down the environmental growth in Malawi. On the other hand, Gender-based violence and abuse from child labor are other problems that are floating on the surface. Building protection services such as temporary shelters can provide a safe home for women.

References     

https://borgenproject.org/10-facts-about-poverty-in-malawi/ https://borgenproject.org/causes-of-poverty-in-malawi/ www.pumpaid.org/news/resources/malawis-water-challenge/ https://drop4drop.org/water-crisis-malawi/ www.pumpaid.org/news/resources/malawis-water-challenge/

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58

Seeun Gweon, Cheongshim International Academy

I took a deep breath as I stepped out of the plane. Although it was not my first time in New York, I was still nervous, yet full of excitement and hope. I was back, but this time with a different goal cherished in the heart.

We took two days to visit the United Nations subsidiary Organizations and Permanent Missions so that we could get used to the time difference before the conference. It was an unforgettable experience visiting the Organizations and Missions and to listen to lectures from the actual workers and ambassadors - something I would never have the chance to do again.

On the first day of the conference, the Opening Ceremony and the Opening Plenary Session were held at the United Nations New York Headquarters. As I stepped towards the General Assembly hall, it felt as though my heart was about to burst (explode). I looked around the vast, golden room filled with hundreds of thousands of people, and 193 desks given to each delegation. That moment, I knew for sure that I wanted to come back to this place again - as a real delegate at the real General Assembly Conference.

After the big event, the delegates moved to the Grand Hyatt Manhattan to officially start the conference based on their committees' agendas. Seeing myself not participating in the debate, I was very shocked. It was so much fun listening to and absorbing what the chairs and delegates were debating upon, but very difficult critically thinking and seeking solutions. I could feel in my heart the failures of the Korean education system and that it still needs far more improvement in order to catch up with the international society. Thankfully, as time passed, delegates encouraged me to express my opinions, and eventually, I could proactively participate in the conference. During the process, I was able to make so many new friends who had come from all around the world - from Jamaica to Canada. I am very fortunate to have met these people.

The WIMUN experience was one of the most dazzling experiences of my life, which encouraged me to step out of my comfort zone and look beyond the world I had in mind. Although I had done so much research on the

59

agenda, other delegates from all parts of the world were much more prepared than I could have ever imagined, and they were very talented especially in public speaking, critical thinking, writing resolutions, and working together. The delegates were astounding, and I could learn at least one thing from each and every one of them.

During the conference, delegates came together in order to achieve a consensus in a given amount of time. It was a priceless experience since in the status quo, there are not many Model UN conferences using the UN4MUN rules of procedure. I was more than grateful to have participated in WIMUN and experienced the UN4MUN procedure, and heartily wish to implement this system in Korea, further spreading the UN4MUN spirit of cooperation and consensus.

I wish to offer my sincerest appreciation to the World Federation United Nations Association, Hope to the Future Association, and all of the delegates and chairs of General Assembly Fourth Committee B for the spectacular four days in New York. I wish the very best to all.

Haemin Kwon, Yubong Girls’ Middle School

I like new experiences and new lessons from them. That is why I actively participated in the Model UN. Of course, other reasons that I participated it are to improve my diplomatic skills and develop the global leadership needed to become a diplomat, my dream. However the Model UN has become a mentor of my life. Every experience give us one or more lessons to teach. These experiences come together and become a walking stick in my life. This realization became my motto. So I applied for WIMUN 2019 because I thought it was a great opportunity.

After greeting my family in Korea, I spent 14 hours on the plane with excitement. I still remember the moment when I arrived and took my first step in the U.S. The wind was cold, but it was not cold to me because of the passion in the heart. The next day, we visited the Swiss Representative, the United Nations Headquarters and the UNICEF Headquarters. I had chance to ask the questions about many things that I had been curious. I got a lot of good answers. However, I received the most memorable answer from the Swiss delegation. My question was how the United Nations could solve the conflict if it arise during the meeting among other countries due to the differences in religion and ideology. And the Swiss ambassador said that such matters should be solved by ourselves through consensus. And it is important to understand and respect the differences in other countries 60

and reach an agreement that everyone can accept. A representative example is the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

On our third day in the United States, we visited the Korean delegation, the United Nations headquarters and the United Nations Environment Headquarters. The Korean delegation was especially impressed by the fact that it is the representative department of Korea. Ambassador Cho Tae-yeol said a lot of good things. Among them, I was most impressed by what he said about South-South cooperation and North-North cooperation. I thought, of course, South-North cooperation to help developing countries from developed countries would be effective in all matters. However, cooperation between the South-South and the North-North is important because country that has experienced the problem knows better about the needs and what to do than developed countries. Therefore, Korea, which has a painful history and valuable experience, is in an important position in multilateral diplomacy.

The competition began on the fourth day. What I felt through the competition was that God was as fair as ever.

Just like the model UNs I've experienced in the past, I've never had good luck from the beginning. After I have gained enlightenment through failure, he gives me good luck after an effort without being frustrated. This is the realization that I have gained from my experience with the Model United Nations. So I also promised that if I had any enlightenment or lessons I had learned through failure, I would try to grow up and work hard without being frustrated. Through all these schedules, I realized two laws of experience and lesson. First, experience and lessons are proportional to pain. No pain, no gain. Second, it comes at an unexpected moment.

As I expected, I learned a great lesson from this experience and gained many things, not only the lessons I had hoped for, but also unforgettable memories, people, and even my further upgraded growth. I will participate in many model UNs in the future and continue to change my life through these experiences. 나는 새로운 경험을 좋아하고 그 경험으로부터 배우는 새로운 교훈들을 얻는 것을 좋아한다. 내가 모의 유엔을 좋아하고 적극적이게 참가하는 이유도 거기에 있다. 물론, 나의 꿈인 외교관을 위해 글로벌 한 리더쉽을 키우고 외교능력을 향상 시키기 위한 것도 있지만, 모의 유엔은 그 이상으로 내 인생의 멘토가 되어줬다. 모의 유엔을 하며 나는 많은 교훈을 얻었다. 그 중에서도 모든 경험은 꼭 하나 이상의 교훈을 남긴다는 것과 그것들이 모여 나의 인생의 지팡이가 되어준다는 것은 나의 좌우명으로까지 남아 오늘의 나를 있게 해주었다. 그런 나에게 WIMUN 같이 큰 국제무대는 아주 좋은 기회라고 생각하여 신청하게 되었다. 한국에서 가족들과 인사를 마친 뒤, 나는 설레는 마음을 가득 안고 비행기에서 14 시간이라는 짧지 않은 시간을 보냈다. 미국에

도착하고

첫발을

디뎠을

때의

기분은

아직까지도

생생하다. 바람이 매서웠지만 마음 속 열정 때문에 춥지도 않았다. 다음 날, 우리는 스위스 대표부, 유엔 본부와 유니세프 본부에

방문하였다.

내가

이곳들에서

궁금했던

여러

가지

질문들을 묻고 답해주는 시간이 있었다. 많은 좋은 답변들을 받았다. 하지만, 그 중에서도 스위스 대표부에서 받은 답변이 가장

기억에

남는다.

질문은

종교와

이념이

다른

나라들

사이에서 회의 중에 갈등이 일어나게 된다면, UN 은 이를 어떻게 해결하는가였다.

스위스

대사님의

답변은

그러한

문제들은

합의를 통해 우리 스스로 해결해야 한다고 하셨다. 그리고 각기 61

다른 나라들의 차이점을 이해하고 존중하여 모두가 동의하는 합의점에 도달하는 것이 중요하다고 하셨다. 그 대표적인 예로는 지속 가능한 개발 목표(SDGs)가 있다고 하셨다. 미국에서의

셋째

날,

우리는

한국대표부, 유엔 본부, 유엔 환경 본부에 방문하였다. 한국대표부는 우리나라의 대표부인 만큼 감회가 남달랐다. 조태열 대사님께서 좋은 말씀을

많이

해주셨는데

그

중에서도 남-남 협력, 북-북 협력에 대해 말씀하신 부분이 가장 인상 깊었다.

나는

당연히

문제에서는

선진국에서

개발도상국을 북협력이

모든

도와주는

효과적일

줄

남알았다.

하지만 남-남 협력과 북-북 협력이 중요한 이유는, 선진국과 개발도상국의 구분을 넘어, 그 문제를 앞서 경험한 나라가 현재 비슷한 문제를 겪고 있는 나라의 필요한 점과 무엇을 해야 하는지를 더 잘 알기 때문이다. 그리하여 아픈 역사와 그로 인한 소중한 경험이 많은 우리나라는 다자 외교에서 중요한 자리에 있다.

넷째 날부터는 대회가 시작했다. 대회를 통해 내가 뼈저리게 느낀 것은, 신은 역시나 공평하다는 것이었다. 전의 모의 유엔들과 마찬가지로 역시나 절대 처음부터 행운을 주시지는 않으셨다. 내가 실패를 비롯해 깨달음을 얻은 뒤 좌절하지 않고 한 노력 끝에 행운을 주신다. 그 동안의 모의 유엔을 바탕으로 나온 깨달음이다. 그리하여 나는 이번 대회도 마찬가지로 실패를 통해 배운 깨달음이나 교훈이 있다면 좌절하지 않고 한 걸음 성장하여 노력해야겠다고 다짐하였다. 이 모든 일정을 통해 나는 경험과 교훈의 법칙 두 가지를 깨닫게 되었다. 첫째, 경험과 교훈은 고통에 비례한다. 둘째, 이는 예상치 못한 순간에 찾아온다. 역시나 내가 예상했던 것과 같이 나는 이번 경험을 통해 큰 교훈을 얻게 되었고, 내가 바랐던 교훈뿐만 아니라 잊지 못할 추억들, 사람들, 그리고 한층 업그레이드된 나의 성장까지 많은 것들을 얻게 되었다. 나는 앞으로도 많은 모의 유엔에 참가할 것이고, 그를 통해 계속해서 나의 인생을 변화시킬 것이다.

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Dohun Kim, Dontan Global High School

I used to think that if I have an international job that is able to do something on global problems of present days. So I looked for a job I want to be, and found jobs such as international officer who works for international organization, and diplomat. They became my dream. To achieve it, I went to global high school, participated in WFUNA youth camp, which connected me to this WIMUN conference. Had a great time there, got many friends, and got lessons which were unable to get if I hadn’t participated in.

We arrived in New York, 2 days before the start of conference.

Until it started, we had very precious opportunities to experience the permanent mission of Switzerland to UN, UNEP, OHCHR, SDG, and permanent mission of ROK to UN. Going through the experiences, I could learn more about diplomatic, SDGs, and about UN itself. Many things were happening in New York, such as concerning about environment, economy, and human rights. Also tons of negotiations were ongoing, within or near the United Nations.

As every person knows, UN is an organization that countries of 193 gather in one place, talking about agendas, and making resolutions through consensus. So in this place, multilateral diplomacy is required. So meeting the diplomats of Switzerland and ROK who do multilateral diplomacy came pretty much different to me. Listening to their stories, there were common things between them, which were to consider many other countries, based on not only the country’s perspective, but also other countries’ perspectives, and also how to stand between that many countries. Since in the international stage, tons of thoughts, aspects, and perspectives exist, to me, it seemed really difficult to express my thought or position. I’m afraid of being in front of many people. However the diplomats did not fear it, which was why they were in their positions of now, in the embassies to UN. Than how could they not feel afraid of speaking in front of that many people? I was wondering, than fell asleep.

Third day since we arrived in New York, the WIMUN began. I was in the GA third committee B, with the agenda “Elimination of Racism, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance”. In council room, I met a Jamaican girl, the delegate of Gambia. She also seemed nervous about speaking in front of many people. But she did her opening speech very well, which was impressive. I had my opening speech too, in front of the people from various countries. I did better than I thought. After, the real meeting started. As I expected, many people came, 63

and many perspectives from their own countries existed. Though there was pretty much debate on making subtitles, they were condemned as 4 subtitles. Next was Vienna formula. In the formula, there are 4 political groups, and 4 leaders of each group. To tell it simple, leaders negotiate with each other, and the others suggest about the resolution. I wanted to be a leader so bad, my mind did, but my action was so small. So I made a big progress to myself, being the leader during the formula. Felt extreme but hard, however I made it. But the next step was waiting for me, Line by Line review.

Line by line was a step the delegates become non-sponsor or sponsor and making amendments on the draft resolution.

In this step, many perspectives overlapped from one to each other. It seemed really hard to complete the resolution. But as I learned from visiting the embassies to UN, there were common places that all the delegations thought right and reasonable. I found that and tried to suggest it but I feared that again. However, seeing the delegates persuading each other, especially seeing delegate of South Sudan delivering speech to all the people in the room, I was deeply impressed. The result of the speech and persuasion was reaching consensus.

Achieving consensus was a hard but a worth work to do. Experiencing it by myself, the diplomats I met seemed really great. The only shame thing I felt was my courage. There was a small wall inside me, and this WIMUN let me know about it. Next time, I will break the wall, be more brave, and grow bigger, by pushing myself more in front of people, and participating in MUNs many more.

Yoon Jae Kim, Welltain Christian International

I set out for the United States, where the WIMUN was held, on the 28th January of 2019. The journey itself gave me excitement and thill, all the more since it was my very first time on any if the MUN. At the same time, I could not help but worry a little about the challenge I am going to face.

On the day of arrival, I headed to a hotel after long and tiresome flight. When I got to the hotel I was assigned to a room with a roomate: Seonyong Han. I bombarded Seonyong who had been to the MUN before with questions about it, especially on the details about the process, the strategy for cooperation and so on. Thanks to Seonyong, I was handed quality information which could only come from experienced participant.

The next day, we had the opportunity to visit the Mission of Switzerland to the UN, hear the lecture on the SDG, and visit the international organization UNICEF. I was awed to meet the delegate of Switzerland especially because it was my first time to actually talk to a current ambassador of UN’s member state. Then, 64

the lecture on the SDG gave me a profound motivation towards the UN’s goals. I was eager to know more about the UN and its 17 goals for the global society. Finally when we headed to the UNICEF, I also found out an amazing fact. Korea was one of the top ten donor countries for the UNICEF fund. I was reminded how schools and teachers encouraged UNICEF donation when I was young.

The third day was for the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the UN. This was another moment of wonder and awe, since I met delegate Tayeol Jo, a current ambassador to the UN. It was my deepest regret that I could not get the time for questions and answers with Ambassador Jo, after his lecture on the objective of the UN and life-changing experiences in the UN. The afternoon was very informative as we heard a series of lectures on the human rights and the concerns of the UN, and on the UNEP. I learned about the efforts on the field of human rights as well as the objectives of the UNEP. That night we participated in the opening ceremony of the WIMUN 2019. We were invited for the ceremony to the UN headquarter. I was the delegate of Gabon, and I had the utmost honor of taking the seats of current delegates of Gabon to the UN. I was thrilled to see the curtain rise for the MUN. Being a first timer, I did not know what to start with. I asked a lot of questions to fellow committee members.

The WIMUN had many differences from other MUNs. It was a truly global event where the youths from worldwide come together. Also, the decision-making process and of the WIMUN was almost the same as that of the UN. I was a member of the committee on the environmental issue. Having been deeply concerned and interested in the environment preservation around the earth, I was eager to explore and discuss what is at hand.

The most proud experience I had was that a few of my suggestions gained approval from fellow committee members and went on to final resolution. I think my will for concrete yet all-rounded solutions made possible the consent and agreement. Every moment in the WIMUN was of great worth for me, not only because of the decision making experience itself, but more because of the opportunity to get to know each and every one so eager for the global society’s issues. I had not known there were so many friends worldwide who cares about the earth and the environment like I did. I could see a brighter future in which I, hand in hand with all these friends, make changes for sustainable environment.

It was a moment that I will bear in mind for ever when on the very last day of the WIMUN our resolution was adopted, when every one of us felt what it is to come together for a purpose. It was all the more meaningful to think of three days and nights we spent on the resolution.

There were more than knowledge that I gained from the WIMUN 2019. I did everything I could and put best effort to discuss, persuade, and cooperate. No regrets, and the most worthwhile.

1/28/2019 에 미국으로 떠났다. 처음 해보는 모의유엔대회이기에 기대고 설레는 마음이 있었다. 또한 미국 가서 마무리를 잘 할 수 있을지 걱정이 많이 되었다. 미국 도착 첫날, 지친 몸을 이끌고 호텔로 향했다. 호텔에 도착한 후에 룸메이트를 정했다. 나는 한선용이라는 친구랑 같은 방을 쓰게 됐는데, 마침 그 친구는 유엔 경험이 풍부한 아이이기에 모의유엔에 대한 질문을 수 없이 했다. 다행히 그 친구 덕분에 나는 많은 정보를 알 수 있었다.

65

둘째 날, 우리는 단체로 스위스 대표부, SDG 의 강연, 그리고 UNICEF 국제기구를 방문 하였다. 스위스 대표부와 만남을 가졌을 당시, 현재 유엔에서 활동하고 계신 분을 만나서 너무 놀랐다. 다음 일정으로, UN 에서 SDGs 에 대한 강연을 들었다. 유엔의 목표 17 가지의 설명을 듣고 난 뒤, 유엔에 대한 지식이 차곡차곡 쌓이기 시작하였다. 마지막은 유니세프 국제기구이다. 유니세프 강연을 듣는데, 놀라운 사실을 깨달았다. 그건 바로 한국이 유니세프에 후원을 하는 국가 중 탑 10 에 든다는 사실 때문이다. 셋째 날, 주 유엔 한국대표부 방문을 하였다. 이것 또한 놀라운 일이었다. 스위스 대표부와 같이 현재 유엔 활동 중 이신 조태열 대사님을 만났기 때문이다. 조태열 대사님의 강연을 듣고 난 뒤에 질문을 하는 시간이 있었으나, 시간 관계상 질문을 못 한 게 가장 미련에 남는다. 그 다음에는 유엔 인권에 관련된 강연을 듣고 UNEP 에 대한 강연을 들었다. 이 두 강연을 듣고 난 뒤 나는 UN human rights 와 UNEP 에 대한 노력과 목표를 더 자세히 알 수 있었다. 그리고 그날 밤, 우리는 WIMUN 개회식에 참여 하였다. 개회식은 유엔 본부에서 하였다. 내가 맡은 나라는 가봉이라는 나라이다. 그리하여 나는 현재 가봉 유엔 대사님들이 앉는 자리에 앉게 되는 놀라운 경험을 할 수 있었다. 대회가 이제 곧 시작된다는 게 믿기지가 않았고, 너무 떨렸다. 그 다음 날, 대회를 본격적으로 시작하였다. 처음이기 때문에, 나는 뭘 해야 될지를 잘 몰라서 내가 속한 위원회에 참가하는 다른 친구들에게 어떻게 해야 하는지에 대해 많이 물어 보았다. WIMUN 이란 대회는 세계 각국의 나라 청소년들이

와서

한다는

것과

실제

유엔과

유사하게

한다는

점이

다른

모의

유엔

대회와의

차별점이었다. 나는 환경에 대한 위원회에 참석 했다. 예전부터 지구의 환경 문제에 대해서 관심이 많은 입장이어서 더욱 더 이 위원회를 택한 것 같다. 대회에서 해결책 몇 가지를 제시를 한

것이

가장

인상

처음으로

모든

해결책을

인정받았기

깊었다.

사람에게서

왜냐하면

내가

때문이다.

제시한 내

해결

방안이 마지막에 쓰는 결의안에 들어간 것에 내

자신이

자랑스럽고

대견했다.

모의유엔대회에서 대회뿐만이 아니라, 세계 각국에서 온 친구들을 만나고, 서로를 알아가는 시간도 정말 소중했다. 나랑 같이 환경에 대한 관심이 있는 친구들이 이렇게 많을 줄은 생각도 못했다. 대회에서 나는 이 친구들 덕분에 미래에는 분명 히 더 나은 환경이 있을 것이라고 생각한다. 대회 마지막 날, 결의안이 채택 되고, 모두가 기뻐했던 그 순간을 아직도 기억한다. 우리가 3 일 동안 머리를 모아 만든 결의안이기에 더욱 의미 있는 것이라고 생각한다. 이번 유엔 대회를 통해 많은 지식을 얻고 가는 것 같아 기분이 너무 좋았다. 이러한 경험은 다시는 없기에 이번 대회에서 내가 할 수 있는 것을 망설이지 않고 다 한 것 같아서 후회 없는 시간을 보냈다. 이번 대회는 정말 값진 경험이었다.

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Wonyoung Bang, Yangwha Middle School

Participation in WIMUN was a big challenge for me. I didn't have any experience in Model United Nations, and it wasn't easy for me to participate in the WIMUN in New York, where the UN headquarters is located. The process of preparing after deciding to participate was not easy either. But as a result, this WIMUN was a very valuable experience for me in a new world.

There are many reasons why I participated in WIMUN, but the biggest reason was that I thought various experiences were important in determining my career path. Currently, I am interested in international relations, so I wish to get a job that’s related to it. If I join WIMUN, I thought I could get a glimpse of my dream job and where my interests are at.

It was a night time when I arrived in New York. When I saw the Chrysler building near hotel, I realized I was really in New York.

Since we arrived a few days before WIMUN, we could visit some organizations like Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations, Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations, UN Headquarters, UNICEF, and UNEP. I learned what they are doing and what SDGs is. I was very excited because I’ve wanted to know more about UN. It felt more special to learn from the people who really worked there.

The most memorable thing in WIMUN was opening speech because I prepared a lot, and it was the hardest thing to me. As I prepared a lot, I kept making corrections and it was hard to memorize. In addition, I was very nervous because I had to speech in second order. I was embarrassed because I didn't do well when I saw the recording later. However, I comforted myself that no one could not do well in the first place. As much as I regret, I want to participate in many Model United Nations including WIMUN. It's because if I keep try, I’ll be able to do better.

The second thing that remains in my memory is that I went to the General Assembly hall in UN headquarters that I only saw on the news. Thinking that important international conferences were held here made me feel like I was actually attending important international conferences. After I went there, I became more interested in the United Nations, and I thought I'd look at how the policies of the United Nations are being implemented.

Through this experience, I thought that I should study English more. This is because I realized that no matter how much I prepare, I can’t do well without good English skills. I promised myself to study English harder to work international setting.

Lastly, I was very happy to get to know good brothers, sisters and good teachers through WIMUN. After WIMUN, I went 67

on a trip to New York with my parents, and I felt that I wanted to be with new friends I met rather than traveling. I also thank my teachers. They taught me how to prepare the Model United Nations. They also took care of me during WIMUN in New York. Thanks to good teachers and older brothers and sisters, I think I was able to finish my first Model United Nations without any troubles.

WIMUN 참가는 저에게 큰 도전이었습니다. 모의유엔 경험이 전혀 없는 상태였는데, 우리나라도 아닌 뉴욕에 있는 유엔 본부에서 열리는 모의유엔에 참가하는 것은 흔치 않은 기회였습니다. 참가를 결정한 후 준비하는 과정도 쉽지 않았지만, 결과적으로 이번 WIMUN은 저에게 새로운 세상을 보여준 아주 값진 경 험이었습니다.

WIMUN에 참가한 이유는 여러 가지가 있지만, 가장 큰 이유는 진로를 결정하는데 있어서 다양한 경험 이 중요하다고 생각했기 때문입니다. 현재 저는 ‘국제 관계’에 관심이 많아 그와 관련된 직업을 꿈꾸고 있습니다. WIMUN에 참가하면 이러한 저의 관심과 희망 진로에 도움이 되는 경험을 해볼 수 있을 것 같 았습니다. 처음 뉴욕에 도착했을 때는 밤이었습니다. 밤에 도착해서 잘 보이지는 않았지만, 숙소 앞에 있던 크라 이슬러 빌딩을 보니 뉴욕에 왔다는 것이 실감이 났습니다. WIMUN 개회 몇 일전에 도착했기 때문에 저희 는 주유엔스위스대표부, 주유엔한국대표부, 유엔본부(UN Headquarters), 유니세프(UNICEF), 유엔 환경 계획 (UNEP)에도 방문하고 SDGs에 대해서 배웠습니다. 평소 유엔에 대해 더 알고 싶었던 저로서는 매우 유익 한 시간이었습니다. 책에서만 읽어보았던 유엔에 대해서, 실제로 그곳에서 일하시는 분들을 만나게 되니 더 생동감 있게 배울 수 있었고 재미도 있었습니다.

WIMUN을 하면서 가장 기억에 남는 것은 Opening speech 입니다. 가장 많은 준비를 하기도 했고, 가장 어려웠기 때문입니다. 준비를 많이 하다 보니 계속 수정을 하게 되었고 결국 외우기가 어려워졌습니다. 게다가 발표 순서도 두 번째여서 많이 긴장되었습니다. 나중에 녹화 영상을 보니 기량을 충분히 발휘하지 못한 것 같아 부끄러웠습니다. 하지만, 모의유엔에 처음 참가한 것 치고는 잘 했다고, 처음부터 잘할 수는 없다고 스스로 위로하였습니다. 아쉬움이 남는 만큼, 앞으로 WIMUN을 비롯한 여러 모의유엔에 참가하고 싶어졌습니다. 계속해서 노력하면 지금보다 더 발전된 모습으로 참가할 수 있을 것이기 때문입니다.

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두 번째로 기억에 남는 것은 UN 본부의 국제회의장에 가본 것입니다. 뉴스에서만 보던 회의장소에 있 다는 게 믿기지 않았습니다. 중요한 국제 회의들이 이곳에서 열린다고 생각하니 저도 중요한 국제 회의에 실제로 참석하는 것 같은 기분도 들었습니다. 다녀온 후에는 UN에 대해 관심도 더 생겼고, UN의 정책들 이 어떻게 시행되고 있는지 알아봐야겠다는 생각도 들었습니다. 이번 경험을 통해 영어를 더 잘해야겠다는 생각을 많이 하였습니다. 아무리 준비를 많이 하고 아는 것 이 많아도 영어를 못하면 소용이 없다는 걸 깨달았기 때문입니다. 앞으로 세계를 무대로 활동하기 위해 영어 공부를 더 열심히 해야겠다고 다짐했습니다. 마지막으로, WIMUN을 통해서 좋은 형과 누나들, 좋은 선생님들을 알게 되어서 너무 기쁩니다. WIMUN 을 마치고 부모님과 뉴욕 여행을 하였는데, 여행보다 형 누나들과 함께 있고 싶다고 생각할 정도로 일주 일간 정이 많이 들었습니다. 그리고 뉴욕에 가기 전부터 Position paper와 Opening speech를 봐주시고, 뉴욕 에 있는 동안에도 여러 면으로 도와주신 선생님들께도 감사드립니다. 좋은 선생님들과 형 누나들, 그리고 그곳에서 만났던 외국인 친구들 덕분에 긴장했던 첫 모의유엔을 무사히 마칠 수 있었던 것 같습니다.

Jayoung Son, Homeschooler

<Consensus, and Leapfrogs> “The dream becomes the goal” The desire to work at international stage, UN, was just a dream I had since I was a child. This time, WIMUN, gave me a chance to change my dream into a goal. The competition has become a stepping stone to become a person who can play on international stage for a young child who can only play on the stage of Korea. It wasn’t that easy to make many foreign friends and tell my opinion in front of many people. I was not convinced of my opinion, nor was I afraid of being reprimanded by someone. So, it was hard to say my opinion, and I was afraid to stand in front of someone. However, the more I attend at WIMUN, the more confident I became. I could learn how to admit that my opinion was wrong and how to accept it. This experience also seemed to turn my vague dream of working on the international stage into a feasible goal.

"Agreement, Respect" WIMUN was created in a respectful atmosphere. Under one goal, CONSENSUS to a better world, came together to come up with a resolution. He did not have a bigger voice as a great power or a smaller voice as a small country. It was just an equal discussion, respecting each other. Perhaps because it was achieved in this atmosphere, it was able to get closer to one goal: a better world. I felt that it was based on understanding and caring for each other that my opinion was not the only right one.

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“To achieve the goal” It served as an opportunity to make more efforts to achieve my goal of working at UNICEF. As I listened to the lectures and participated in the WIMUN decision making, I could realize and feel many things. There are a lot of different people, and people have different opinions, and of course there are a lot of difficulties to admit and understand, but I think trying for it is good for the better world and for the better.

<합의, 그리고 도약> “꿈이 목표가 되기까지” UN 라는 국제 무대에서 일하고 싶다는 소망은 내게 어릴 적부터 품어

온

꿈일

뿐이었다.

이번

WIMUN 은 그런 내게, ‘꿈’을 ‘목표’로 바꾸어 주는 계기가 되었다. 이번 대회는 대한민국이라는 무대에서만 놀 줄 알던 어린 아이가 전 세계를 무대로

꿈을

펼치는

성숙한

인격체가

되는

디딤돌이

되었다.

다양한

국가에서

온

친구들을

사귀고, 많은 사람들 앞에서 나의 이야기를 한다는 것이 생각처럼 쉬운 일은 아니었다. 내 의견에 스스로가 확신을 가지지 못하기도 했고, 누군가로부터 질책을 당할까 무섭기도 했다. 그래서인지 처음에는 대중 앞에 나서서 내 의견을 말하는 것이 두려웠다. 허나, WIMUN 을 진행하면 할수록 점차 자신감이 생겼다. 내 의견이 잘못되었다는 것을 인정하는 방법도, 상대의 의견을 수용하는 방법도 배워 나갈 수 있었다. 이런 경험과 깨달음은 국제 무대에서 일하고 싶다는 나의 막연한 꿈을 실현 가능한 목표로 바꾸어 주는 듯 했다. “합의와 존중” WIMUN 은 서로 존중하는 분위기 속에서 이루어졌다. CONSENSUS 라는 하나의 목표 아래, 더 나은 세계라는 하나의 목표 아래 함께 하나의 결의안을 도출해내었다. 강대국이라고 더 큰 목소리를 가지지도, 약소국이라고 작은 목소리를 가지지도 않았다. 그저 동등한 위치에서, 서로를 존중하며 진행된 토의였다. 이런 분위기 속에서 이루어졌기 때문일까, 더 나은 세계라는 하나의 목표에 더 가까이 다가갈 수 있었던 것 같다. 자신의 의견만이 옳다고 주장 하지 않는다는 것이 서로를 이해하고 배려하는 자세의 밑바탕이 되는 것 같다고 느꼈다.

70

“목표를 이루기까지” UNICEF 에서 일하고 싶다는 나의 목표를 이루기 위해 더 많은 노력을 해야겠다고 다짐하는 계기가 되었다. 여러 강연을 듣고, WIMUN 의사 결정에 직접 참여해 보면서 많은 것을 깨닫고, 느낄 수 있었다. 다양한 사람들이 많이 있다는 것, 그리고 사람들마다 다른 의견을 가지고 있다는 것과 인정하고 이해하기까지는 물론 많은 어려움이 있겠지만 그것을 위해 노력하는 것이 더 나은 세계를 위해, 또 더 발전하는 나를 위해 도움이 되는 일이라 생각한다.

Jongbin Yang, Hansol High School

중학교 시절 베트남 하노이에서 유엔 국제학교를 다니면서 유엔이라는 국제기관에 대해 공부해보고 모의 유엔을 접해볼 수 있었습니다. 그러한 경험들이 인상적으로 다가왔고 좋은 기억으로 남았으며 많은 것을 배우고 더 성장할 수 있는 좋은 기회로 보여졌기에 참가하고 싶다는 생각을 갖게 되었습니다. 고 3 겨울방학이라는 매우 바쁜 시기임에도 불구하고 지금이 아니면 이런 도전을 할 기회가 없을 것이라는 생각이 들었고 고등학교 생활의 마지막 해였기 때문에 최대한 의미 있게 보내야겠다는 결심을 하면서 주변의 우려와 걱정에도 틈틈이 준비해 뉴욕 행 비행기를 타게 되었습니다. 뉴욕에 처음 도착했을 때는 매일의 익숙한 환경을 벗어나, 새로운 풍경과 향기 등의 변화들이 갑작스럽고 어색했습니다. 하지만 다양한 배경, 목표와 꿈이 어우러져 만들어내는 즐겁고 진취적인 분위기가 묘한 설렘은 많은 동기부여가 되었으며 처음에 어색했던 풍경도 곧 즐길 수 있게 되었습니다. 한국, 스위스 대표부 그리고 여러 국제 기구들을 방문하고, 특정 사업을 진행할 때 어떤 목적을 가지고 진행하는지에 대해 좀 더 배울 수 있었으며, 질문을 통해 이 일을 시작하게 된 계기가 무엇인지, 어떤 마음가짐으로 임하는지와 같은 추가적인 궁금증도 해소할 수 있었습니다. 평소에 품었던 질문에 대한 답변을 듣고, 그분들이 일하는 마음가짐을 보면서 스스로 돌아보고 더욱 성장할 수 있는 기회를 얻은 것 같습니다.

71

모의 유엔을 진행하면서, 유엔 본회의장에서 개회식을 한 후, 위원회 별로 나눠져 많은 사람들 앞에서 오프닝 스피치를 전달하는 그 순간은 매우 떨렸습니다. 말도 원하는 만큼 나오지 않았지만 회의를 진행하고 계속해서 참여하기

위해

사라졌고

노력하면서

스스로

점점

자신감을

떨림은 가지게

되었습니다. 정말 다양한 생각을 가진 사람들 앞에서 내 생각을 표현하고, 어떤 공통된 사안에 대해 함께 고민하고 그것을 해결해 나가는 과정이 정말 보람찼습니다. 훗날 사회에 나가게 될 때 해외로 유학을 가거나, 국제 무대에서 일하고 싶다는 생각을 가진

적이

많았습니다.

그런

생각을

할

때마다 해외에서 혼자 생활하는 것에 대한 두려움과 혼자 잘 적응할 수 있을까라는 걱정이

항상

따라왔습니다.

그러나

이번

대표단 경험을 통하여 자신감을 얻을 수 있었고 도전에 대한 두려움을 지울 수 있었습니다. 저는 컴퓨터 공학, 세부적으로 인공지능에 대해 배워나가고 연구하고 싶다는 꿈을 가지고 있습니다. 많은 사람들이 전공과 관련된 분야, 과목들만 중요하다는 마음가짐으로 공부하지만 저는 요즘과 같은 세상에서는 다양한 분야에 대한 경험과 지식이 전공에 대한 이해 못지않게 중요하다고 생각합니다. 이번 경험을 통해 저는 국제 사회에 대한 전반적인 이해도를 기를 수 있었으며 모의 유엔에서 “정보통신 기술과 지속 가능한 발전”이라는 안건으로 결의안을 작성하고 다양한 사람들과 토의, 토론하는 과정을 통하여, 정보통신 기술이 사회에 미치는 파급 효과 등에 대한 이해와 더불어 문제에 대해 생각해보는 시간을 가졌습니다. 더불어, 많은 사람들과 의견을 공유하고 그것을 바탕으로 더 발전시키는, 사회 구성원으로서 가져야 할 필수적인 능력들을 기를 수 있었습니다. 이러한 경험들을 밑바탕 삼아 인공지능 개발자로서

전공

분야의

전문성뿐만

아니라 여러 사람들과 협력하는 능력과 사회 전반에 대한 높은 이해도를 활용하여 더욱

창의적이고

효과적인

시각으로

활동하고자 합니다.

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나은 의제로

Young-Jun Lee, Welltain Christian International

Even as a kid I was always interested in governments and politics. That is why when I heard about this event, I was immediately intrigued. I felt that it would be a great opportunity for me to learn more on the subject, while meeting new people.

Even before going to New York this program had me make sure that I learned more about My committee, which was the Second Committee AAgricultural Development and Food Production, and the country I represented, Malawi. I actually had no idea and no interest in this topic. I was not even aware that a country called Malawi existed.

The need for research on the country and the topic raised awareness for me in regards to the state the country of Malawi was put in and helped me understand what their stance was and why it was absolutely essential for them. I personally found it shocking that almost half of the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s children population was stunted and that the country itself was one of the least developed countries in the world. By advocating for Malawi, I was able to put myself in the shoes of the countries that most needed assistance from the UN. The Experience itself was pretty great. There were many programs that taught me many things that I had not known before. The field trip to the Switzerland embassy, for example, taught me a lot of new things about Switzerland and what the country did to contribute to global society. I found it interesting that it was said that the ideals of the people of the country lined up well with the ideals of the UN. The main topic of many of the UN department and the Model United Nations itself was Sustainable Development Goals. The idea and concept of the term was not exactly new to me, since it was talked about pretty much in everything related to global issues.

However, this was the first time that I learned about it first hand from the people that were actually responsible for these projects and be able to actually ask questions about topics that I was curious about.

73

The MUN was a very fun and interesting program as well. I actually got to visit the UN headquarters in New York and sit at the actual room where they had their actual meetings at the seat of the country I was assigned to. After that I attended the Model United Nations and discussed problems related to our committee with delegates that represented many other countries. Some of the countries that were being represented were countries that I had never heard of before. These included countries like Burkina Faso, Bhutan, the republic of Congo, and many more. I got to learn about these countries and their positions on matters concerning agricultural production, things that I normally would have no interest in learning. During the event I met many people from different countries and befriended a lot of them. One of them was the delegate of Burkina Faso who was from China and was very friendly. But more than anything, I was able to get the whole UN experience and what it was like to advocate for a country that I knew about, it was wonderful and valuable experience that I am certain I could not have gotten anywhere else.

Wonjun Yi, Anyang Arts High School

As a result, all the events, including the WFUNA International Model United Nations Conference, were a turning point and a potent stimulus for me. I have always wanted to be a model UN about my career path. So, I was looking for a more specific model United Nations, and I was informed that I was recruiting a Korean delegation for the WFUNA International Model United Nations Competition. I thought that the schedule provided by the Hope to the future Organization would not bother giving me any money at all. After discussing it with my parents, I decided to participate in this competition. I have prepared for this contest to make sure I do not miss out on this money. I have worked hard both personally and officially.

Since then, I have embarked on a flight to the United States with a delegation. The official schedule started the next day. I have lectured at the Permanent Mission of Korea and Switzerland to the United Nations for two days for the organization of the United Nations and the service. First, I met with the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations to hear the lecture of the Ambassador, and the question and answer time continued. At first, being with your ambassador was a rare opportunity in the future. He lectured on the role of the international community in Switzerland, the need for dialogue for peace and nonviolence. After a short period with my ambassador, I heard a lecture on SDGs from the UN headquarters. The SDGs lack in WIMUN 's theme and depth, so I have been more focused. When I first heard about SDGs, I was somewhat distant to me. After listening to the lectures, I felt that SDGs were deeply involved in our lives about the MDGs. I then went to the UNICEF New York office and lectured. There I heard about the poor. The subject of my WIMUN committee has been related to poverty, and I have been more sympathetic. After the lecture, I asked experts about the real education and technical education of the poor, and I could hear the answers. All the lectures were significant times for me.

74

The next day, we visited the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations. From there, Ambassador Cho Chang - bum informed me of the position, orientation and commission of Korea in the United Nations as a global citizen. I asked about the humanitarian aid of North Korea and the attitude of the Chinese government to the Korean company and heard the answer. It was a glorious and meaningful time to be a representative of the Republic of Korea. I then went to the UN headquarters and heard lectures on human rights. In the depth of my profession, I have thought about human rights once again, and have heard of the Human Rights Bill on the comprehensive scope of human rights and universal rights. I have been listening to environmental lectures at UNEP. I have felt a sense of expanding the storehouse of my knowledge because of the actual figures of the environment and the profound views of the experts. It was a significant time. I have heard more because it is a rare opportunity for me to meet with Ambassadors and to give lectures by experts at UN agencies.

The next day, we went to the general meeting place at the UN headquarters and conducted the WIMUN Opening ceremony. I was amazed at the scale, and I was surprised to see people from many countries and people from various countries. In the evening, we prepared a WIMUN official schedule with friends. During the four days, I made conventions at the committee meetings, encouraged the team members and did various activities. The most memorable was the drafting of the agreement. The process of exchanging critical opinions and finding consensus was memorable and fun. It is still memorable for everyone to be happy when we have an intense meeting and an agreement. The moment I made all the consensus and posted my country on the sponsor country list, I thought that I had used every moment of my time to help make this fierce meeting and an agreement on it.

There was a mixture of feelings of regret and complacency at the closing ceremony. Meeting international students and interacting with their various values and ideas made me feel like I was expanding my knowledge and values. I will never forget meeting international friends through the competition. Through all my schedules, I was able to reestablish my career and also felt a positive emotion that was indescribable. I thought it would be a real career-oriented study to meet these great meetings. During the competition, I felt the need to expand my perceptions and values, and through the competition, my narrow vision widened a little bit. It was interesting to see the unique characteristics and culture of international friends directly, and I felt that I should be diligent in the future and live in a more adventurous and enterprising way, not just in Korea but in a small space.

I have come to think that I should be more diligent in my future. I think the direction of my ultimate dream and career is quite clear. I want to continue to build up my academic background and study about the technologies that are used in society in various current categories and obtain certificates for objectively testable fields such as accounting. After that, I want to enter international organizations and develop the skills and skills of negotiation, the world's knowledge and vision that I need diplomatically. I want to join the financial industry in the future because I feel the attraction of a field where money is highly variable, such as stocks. I want to spend every moment of my life fiercely. I want to keep my life busy all the time. To achieve that, I will have to support the cultivation of international insight, a critical and fierce personality, and the expansion of diplomatic capacity.

It just happened that this competition fulfilled almost all of this, and it was an opportunity to learn at the same time a mixture of diplomacy, management, and various academic skills to establish the course of the current world, and it was a significant time to remember.

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결과부터 기술하면 이번 WFUNA국제 모의유엔대회를 포함한 모든 일정은 저에게 전환점과 강력한 자극 제가 되는 다시는 잊지 못할 경험이었습니다. 저는 이전부터 저의 경상계열의 진로와 관련해 모의유엔을 하고 싶었습니다. 그래서 조금 더 특별한 모의유엔을 없을까 찾던 중 WFUNA 국제모의유엔대회 한국대 표단을 모집한다는 정보를 보게 되었습니다. 미래희망기구에서 제공하는 일정을 보니 거금을 주고도 전혀 아깝지 않다는 생각이 들었습니다. 부모님과 상의 후 이 대회 참가를 결정했습니다. 투자한 시간과 돈을 아깝지 않게 쓰기 위해 정말 만반의 준비를 다하였습니다. 개인적으로도 공식적으로도 정말 열심히 노력 했습니다. 이후 미국 행 비행기에 대표단과 함께 몸을 실었습니다. 다음날 공식일정이 시작되었습니다. 이틀 동안 UN산하의 기관과 주 유엔 한국, 스위스 대표단에서 강의를 들었습니다. 먼저 주유엔스위스대표부를 만나 대사님의 강의를 듣고 질의응답 시간이 이어졌습니다. 처음에는 대사님과 같이 있는 것만으로도 흔치 않 은 기회라 설레는 마음과 잘해야 한다는 생각이 공존하였습니다. 대사님은 국제사회의 스위스의 역할, 평 화를 위한 대화의 필요성과 비폭력에 대하여 강의해 주셨습니다. 대사님과 짧은 시간이 지나고 바로 유엔 본부로 가서 SDGs에 대한 강의를 들었습니다. SDGs는 WIMUN의 주제와 깊이 결부되어있어 더욱 집중해 서 들었습니다. 사실 SDGs는 처음 접했을 때는 저에겐 다소 멀리 떨어져 있는 것으로 인식되었는데 강의 를 듣고 난 후 MDGs는 물론, SDGs도 우리 생활에 깊게 들어서 있구나 라고 느꼈습니다. 이후 UNICEF 뉴 욕 지사로 가서 강의를 들었습니다. 그곳에서 빈곤 계층에 대한 것을 들었습니다. 사실 이번 저의 WIMUN커미티의 주제가 빈곤과 관련되어 저는 더욱 공감하며 들었습니다. 강의 이후 저는 전문가에게 빈곤계층의 순수교육과 기술교육에 관한 질문을 던졌고 그에 대한 답변을 들을 수 있었습니다. 모든 강의 가 저에겐 정말 뜻 깊은 시간이었습니다. 다음날 저희는 주유엔한국대표부를 방문하였습니다. 그곳에서 조태열 대사님께서 유엔에서의 한국의 입지 와 지향점, 그리고 대표단이 세계시민으로써 어떻게 나아가야 하는지 알려주셨습니다. 저는 그곳에서 북 한의 인도적 지원과 중국정부의 한국기업에 대한 태도를 질문하였고 그에 대한 답변을 들었습니다. 대한 민국을 대표하는 대사님을 뵌다는 것 자체가 영광이었고 뜻 깊은 시간이었습니다. 이후 UN본부로 가서 인권에 대한 강의를 들었습니다. 전문가님의 심도 깊은 내용으로 저는 인권에 대해 다시 한번 생각해 보 았고 인권의 포괄적 범위와 보편적 권리에 관한 인간의 권리장전의 내용을 들었습니다. 이후 UNEP에서 환경에 관한 강의를 들었습니다. 환경에 관한 객관적 수치와 전문가의 깊이 있는 견해를 곁들어 들으니 저의 지식의 창고가 넓어지는 기분이 들었습니다. 정말 뜻 깊은 시간이었습니다. 각국 대사님을 만나는 것과 UN기관에서 전문가들이 저희들에게 강의를 해주는 것이 사실은 흔치 않은 기회라서 더욱 열심히 들었습니다. 다음날에 저희는 UN본부에 있는 총회장에 가서 WIMUN대회식을 진행하였습니다. 생각보다 큰 규모에 놀랐고 수많은 인원과 다양한 국가에서 온 사람들을 보고 또 한번 놀랐습니다. 저녁에는 친구들과 같이 WIMUN공식 일정을 준비하였습니다. 4일동안 저는 위원회 회의에서 협약을 만들고 팀원들을 격려하며 다 양한 활동을 하였습니다. 그 중, 협의문 초안을 만들었던 시간이 가장 기억에 남습니다. 함께 다양한 의견 을 교류하고 합의점을 찾아가는 과정이 정말 기억에 남고 즐거웠습니다. 치열한 회의 끝에 합의문을 만들 었을 때 모두가 기뻐하던 그 모습은 아직도 기억에 남습니다. 모든 합의문이 만들어지고 스폰서국가명단 에 제가 담당한 국가를 올린 그 순간은 나도 이 치열한 회의와 그에 대한 합의문 만듦에 일조함에 있어 76

서 모든 순간을 가치 있게 사용했구나 라는 생각이 들었습니다. 폐회식을 할 때 아쉬운 감정과 홀가분한 감정이 교차하였습니다. 국제 학생들과 만나면서 그들의 다양한 가치관과 생각을 교류하면서 저의 개인적인 식견과 가치관이 확장되는 기분이 들기도 하였습니다. 정말 그 대회를 통해 국제친구들을 만난 것은 절대 잊을 수 없을 것 같습니다. 모든 일정을 통해서 저는 저의 진로를 다시금 확립할 수 있었고 또한 말로는 형용할 수 없는 긍정적인 감정을 느꼈습니다. 개인적으로 저는 이러한 치열한 회의를 접하게 하는 것이 진정한 진로를 위한 공부라고 생각을 했습니다. 대회 기간 동안 저는 제가 가지고 있던 식견과 가치관을 확장해야 된다는 필요성을 느끼고 그 대회를 통해 저의 좁 았던 시야 조금이나마 넓힐 수 있었습니다. 다양한 나라에서 온 친구들의 개개인의 고유한 특성과 문화를 직접적으로 접하면서 앞으로 성실하게, 조금 더 모험적이고 진취적으로 살아야겠다고 다짐했습니다. 저는 앞으로 더욱 부지런히 달려야 한다는 생각을 가지게 되었습니다. 저의 궁극적인 꿈과 진로의 방향은 꽤나 명확하다고 생각합니다. 향후 저의 계획은 지속적으로 학문적 소양을 쌓은 후, 경상계열의 다양하고 실용적인 기술과 관련해서 공부를 하는 것입니다. 그 뒤, 회계처럼 객관적이고 검정 가능한 분야의 자격 증을 따고 싶습니다. 공부를 마치면 국제기구에 들어가 외교적으로 필요한 기술과 협상의 기술, 그리고 국제적인 식견과 감각을 함양하고 싶습니다. 이후 금융계에 입사하고 싶습니다. 왜냐하면 저는 주식처럼 가치의 변동이 큰 분야의 매력을 느끼기 때문입니다. 저는 모든 시간 모든 순간을 치열하게 생활하고 싶 습니다. 항상 저의 삶을 바쁘게 이루어지고 싶습니다. 그러한 저의 진로를 이루기 위해서 국제적인 식견 의 함양과 비판적인 관점, 열정적인 성격 그리고 외교적 능력의 확대가 뒷받침되어야 할 것입니다. 마침 이 대회가 거의 모든 것을 충족시켜줬으며 또한 경상계열의 진로를 확립하기에 외교, 경영 등 다양한 학 문을 융합하여 배울 수 있는 기회였습니다 정말 잊을 수 없는 뜻 깊은 시간이었습니다.

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Hyunji Lee, Global Prodigy Academy

I participated in WIMUN 2019 conference with Hope to the Future Association. It has proceeded from January 30th to February 3rd. The reason that I participated in WIMUN 2019 is for a new experience. As WIMUN is international and global MUN, I wanted to join this time. Also, I thought it would be a great opportunity to make a lot of friends and experience a new MUN. I was pretty sure that I could learn lots of things not only related to MUN but other things that I can’t even experience in Korea and through Korean MUN. It was such an honor to participate as a delegation for WIMUN which was my amazing experience through my life.

At the first day, we visited the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations and met the ambassador of Switzerland. We had time to ask questions about what we had and listened to a lecture. It was so informative. Next, we visited UNICEF, UNEP, Human Rights, SDGs, and Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations. We also had time to ask questions and learn about sustainable development goals, human rights, environment, the mission of Korea to the United Nations, and children who need help in the world. It was great to know each global issue that happens in international society now. I realized that there are still lots of issues that the member states and other organizations should discuss and analyze this problem to make a better society and environment for us and our descendant.

After visiting NGOs and each mission of representative countries to the United Nations, we went to the United Nations Headquarters to have an opening ceremony. It was held in United Nations Headquarters General Assembly Hall. We started our opening ceremony with the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres greetings by a video clip and began the WIMUN conference. Actually, it was different from the usual MUN in Korea. They use the closest real United Nations rules of procedure. The most important word was “consensus.” It means that all delegates agree on our resolution and the main point of our issue. It was great to cooperate with each other respectfully. All delegates were fruitful and we made a great resolution.

In addition, we had a ‘Global Experience.’ We opened a Korean booth to spread our culture and activities to international people and society. We put lots of our efforts on it until the last night of the conference. We gathered after the official schedule and discussed and prepared a lot. We wrote each person's name in Korean on the Korean traditional postcard and we proceded Korean traditional activity. We gave people some Korean 78

snacks and goods as a gift or prize for winning Korean traditional activity. Also, we allow them to take a picture of Korean traditional goods such as a fan and a clothes decoration called norigae. We took some pictures with our friends too. As I expected our Korean booth was so popular and lots of people enjoyed our booth. I was so happy that I could spread our cultural ideas and goods to international society by cooperating and doing activities. Experiencing and watching other countries booth was interesting. It was valuable to try their snacks and learning about their traditions. At the last part of our schedule, we went to the United Nations again to have a closing ceremony. At the very last day, we participated in a high school committee social party. I really had a fun time there.

Throughout this conference, it was an amazing opportunity for my life especially visiting the Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations changed my vision. I could have had a solid purpose in my future life. If I have another lucky chance, I would like to visit WIMUN again. The WIMUN does not only hold in New York but also in India and Geneva. Also, I would like to recommend this program to my friends and others who want to be a global leader. I enjoyed WIMUN because we could have time to make new friends who came from all different countries. Thus it was amazing to know many friends who went to WIMUN with me and whom I met at WIMUN. From now on and based on my WIMUN experience, I will do my best on my position and keep working hard to achieve what I want to do in my future life.

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Hyogwon Jee, Jeonin High School

“What an amazing experience” My first journey to the WIMUN was pretty shocking. I was embarrassed at first, but as time pass I could recognize and accept that; I was just a newbie. There is a reason why people values ‘experience’. I can say it is whole different experience between just enjoying foreign country and participating WIMUN. But actually, those difficulties made the journey valuable and building experience.

If anyone wants to experience a true wall of language, just take part in WIMUN. I’m sure that most student who grew with standard Korean education could experience it. Anyway, there is a wall between English using countries and countries do not. The former, they debates with tones of different pronunciation and they all understands those different accents. To me, I only know pronunciations so it was extremely difficult to understand accents of some Latin America, Europe and Middle-East. So, what could I do since I was stuck in wall of language? In fact, it didn’t took so long to adapt to various accents, miraculously. But still, it was a newbie. Even though everything I prepared was totally useless and the way of proceeding was quite different from what I studied, I could finally understand everything, finally! I believe true WIMUN starts from 2nd try.

Away from the event itself, most of delegates was kind, friendly and positive. I could easily find that at culture exchanging time as I ran a Korean booth for a while. Too bad that there were few booth, but still it was awesome event!

There were lots of snacks, stories and languages.

I want to value this journey. It was so building time that I found a lots of things that I would not know if I just stayed in Korea. Also it has been a time to find my weakness. Now with those experience, I will develop myself. By the way, do I want to join WIMUN again? Well, yes.

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Minyoung Choi, Dongmyung Girls’ High School

I have a lot of interest in the United Nations and I have a dream to become an international civil servant, so I have read many books about it and looked into it more detail. But I have never participated in any activities or competitions related to the United Nations. However, my parents recommended me to participate in the MUN hosted by the World Federation of the United Nations Association and I joined WIMUN. It was difficult and difficult for me for the first time in two to three months, but I was very happy to have the opportunity to conduct an in-depth study on women's human rights, write a position paper, and get training for the UN4MU-type competitions directly from the head of education who works for the World Federation of the United Nations. And the research that I made when I was making questions for international organizations was very helpful to me, and it was meaningful because I knew more deeply than I normally knew.

During the break time between committee sessions, the friends from abroad came up and talked about Korean tradition, K-POP and BTS, and said they liked it, and it was the most amazing thing to pay attention to Korea.

Also, it is memorable to see the foreign friends trying to talk in Korean, such as “안녕하세요.”and “감사합니다.”

But what remains most in my memory is that foreign people were curious about the group uniform which color is white, especially Chinese in the same committee asked me to take a picture with them.

It was a meaningful time to visit the embassy and the international organization and get to know things that I didn't know, and learn more about what the U.N. is really doing. Also, it was best to ask the ambassadors of each country's representatives and those who are currently working at international organizations. I also have a plan to learn more about embassies and international organizations in many countries. When I joined WIMUN, I wanted to improve my English skills and join it again. When I saw my friends who kept raising their hands while I was doing line by line, I regretted not having told them more, but when I joined WIMUN again, I thought that I should raise my hand more. Also, I feel sad that I haven't made many foreign friends in this competition, but I want to make an overseas friend who can talk to each other first and communicate with each other after the competition.

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Actually, I had been trained on how to host the competition through pre-training, but I thought it was very complicated because it was my first time to understand But on the first day, it didn't seem as complicated as I thought it would be, but on the second day, it was very awkward and difficult to do an informal performance, but I got used to it very quickly and understood it well. Also, I was nervous to do the opening speech before the competition in front of many committee people, but I was proud to finish the speech well without forgetting.

The future plan is to study English conversation harder for a more confident appearance in the next contest, study more about MUN and participate in MUN held in Korea. Also, we will study the resolution from our committee once more, and practice writing with new subject based on our experience of using position paper for the first time. Also, I want to learn more about international organizations and the United Nations, and I will learn more about my dream of international civil servants and try hard to reach this goal.

Michael Sungmin Choi, Busan Foreign School

I participated in this WIMUN event because of many reasons. I came upon this event organized by the 미래희망기구 because I was always interested in MUN Conferences, and other things related to the UN. I

participated in a lot of WIMUN and other style MUN conferences in Korea, which increased my interest in the UN. I personally like the UN4MUN style better than North American style MUN, so I was browsing through the WIMUN website, and other websites that organized WIMUN Conferences, when I came up upon 미래희망기구. I saw that there was a group that was going to be made to represent Korea in a big international

WIMUN Conference. The Conference was going to be in New York. The schedule for the group that was going was to have a few days of listening to the lectures of people from various important organizations of the UN, and then the participating in a WIMUN conference where more than 1300 delegates from 70 countries came to participate.

I decided to participate in this event because it was such a big competition and experience that if you find out about this you just can’t skip it. Another reason why I decided to go was because of the fact that there were people coming from all over the world. I wanted to meet new people and make some new friends. I also wanted to experience a bigger MUN Conference. What was so amazing about this WIMUN conference was that the 82

opening and closing plenaries were going to be taken place in the actual General Assembly Hall of the UN. This is why I decided to participate in this big event.

From one of the things that took place if I were to choose my favorite moment from all of them, I would have to choose the moment was a moment with my two new friends. They had a very strong first impression. I first met them when we went were having our first learning session with the Committee Secretary. I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t really know any of the others in the committee well until the actual conference that happened later that day. The delegates actually only got to really know each other when we were split into groups to work on each groupâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s resolution.

By communicating and working together to reach a consensus and build a resolution, we had to get closer.

Because of the constant communication, everyone in each group got closer to their group. The two people I became closest with, was in the same group the African Group of our committee. We got closer through the conference and in the end, all three of us got the diplomacy award. The moment I remember most was when one of them said that we were the dream team. That made me feel very good, proud and accomplished. I feel and believe that these kinds of experiences are very good for you and you can learn a lot from it.

I feel like some things that have changed after going to the WIMUN Conference is that now I have a lot more new friends from not just Korea. Also from other countries.

Another thing that has changed for me now is that I feel more confidence in myself, but also at the same time realized in which part I need to improve more in. I also got more passionate about the UN, and might even actually consider going down the pathway of a UN delegate.

Now that I understand the UN more I started to think about the UN differently now. Working at the UN means that you are helping the whole world and representing your country.

I feel a lot more respect for the real UN delegates and wish to maybe follow down the path and become a UN delegate.

I plan to work harder and try to study many things including things about the UN, and see what fits me best. If it is the UN, then I will participate in big competitions like these. It doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t even have to be a competition, I could even just volunteer to help out to help the environment or other volunteer work. There is a MUN club in my school, so I have tried MUN conferences many times, but I learned the most in this experience and I think that this WIMUN Conference was very helpful and is an unforgettable experience.

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Martin Sunyong Han, Sehwa High School

I was interested in WIMUN program hosted by WFUNA because I had an interest with the United Nations from the very young age and wanted to widen the insight of global society. Additionally, as being a leader of my school’s MUN club, I had a desire to learn about the UN deeply so that I can share all the knowledge gained from the program.

Two episodes are still stuck in my head. Firstly, I got a chance to have supper with my friends living in New York on the second day of WIMUN conference. They were my friends from a Model United Nations conference held by YMCA in 2016. We got to keep in touch and finally met together after 3 years. We’ve got a chance to try Cuban sandwiches and tortillas with seasoned lamb from a street cart. It was a pleasure for me to taste homemade green salsa in the restaurant. Also, they recommended me a Latin dessert that looked like a cake but tasted like a pudding. Comparing to Korean desserts, it was a bit expensive but was worth trying it. After having dinner, we walked around the New York library and listened to singers around the street. Despite the fact that we only had an hour and a half, we did more than we expected and made special memories that won’t appear again in my lifetime. Since the session starts at 7:00 pm, I had to run all the way from the northwest part of New York to the Grand Hyatt Hotel. It was definitely a long 10-minute run which made me exhausted. I said goodbye to both of my friends and appreciated them with for making me happier while I was staying in New York.

Next, I became friends with WIMUN participants with diverse nationality all around the world. From the beginning of the conference, I lead the whole procedure of the conference and thus got many delegates writing resolutions based on my opinion. A couple of years ago, I had a chance to stay in Canada for education purpose and made many non-Korean friends. However, I was not able to find people from countries located in Africa or Europe. In WIMUN conference, people from each and every continent gather around to solve international issues. Among those delegates, I would like to introduce some of my friends I made in WIMUN. First of all, Andrea was a friend who had a background of Japan from Peru speaking Spanish. Following her, Lucas was French whose mom was Korean and dad was French. We had many Jamaican and Chinese friends too. To keep these precious memories, I made a group chat on my SNS account and posted many pictures. I still use the chat room on my way to school or when I am taking a rest.

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Through this program, I believe that I learned the most than other participants. I used to earn loads of awards from Korean Model United Nations conference.

Nevertheless, on the first day of the conference, I made a mistake of joining the wrong political group. I originally belonged to Less Developed Countries but ended up writing a draft resolution in the African group. I simply didn’t check the document distributed on the WIMUN website and moved along with my two other Korean delegates. In the end, I was a bit upset by the fact that most of my friends who were on the same block as I was got the entire award but I didn’t get any of those awards. Though, I think that the experiences I went through taught me a lesson and turned me into a better person. The lesson was to double-check every procedure of crucial events.

Lastly, I am the leader of my school’s MUN club.

Holding a MUN conference last November, we also hold our second conference this month with 100 delegates. Participating in WIMUN program, not only I learned about the United Nations but also earned many lessons from episodes in New York. As recruiting new club members, I am so excited about this year’s club activities. I can now teach the freshmen basic information about the United Nations and how Model United Nations work. Maybe, our school will be able to hold a Model United Nations conference with high quality from now on. Next year, I am willing to apply to many universities regarding international studies or diplomacy.

I hope to work in Non-Governmental Organizations using knowledge studied in university. Last but not least, I would like to thank our mentor Young-Jin Lee for guiding us and teaching detailed information about the United Nations in Korean.

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Staff Reflection

Jae Yeon Jung Intern at Education Department, Hope to the Future Association “Every minute at New York was eye-opening as I could see 5 months of work come to fruition.”

During my 7 months internship at Hope to the Future Association, I was fully committed, responsible, and efficient. When the work was at my hands, I put all my efforts to finish the task in time and perfectly. Since the internship is all about learning and moving a step forward, I tried my best to learn as much as I can to not make the same mistake and make a better result. I believe these efforts have paid off at ‘2019 WFUNA International Model United Nations.’

Although I was responsible for assisting many other programs such as Yale MUN Korea, Volunteer works, and UN Training Program, WIMUN means the most to me. I was responsible for many parts of the program since at the beginning as I was assigned to lead the group at New York from January 28th to February 4th. My first responsibility was planning. This 6 days 8 nights program was filled with UN professional lectures, SDGs related lectures at UN Headquarter, and MUN. To make the program more informative, I have contacted several Permanent Missions to the United Nations, UN organizations, and WFUNA and WIMUN staff. In addition, as our targeted students were minors, I had to meticulously consider even little things as walking distance, meals, and more. Through this process, I learned to become more thorough.

The second was marketing. To recruit students, we have used diverse platforms, such as Google forms, Facebook, and the HFA website. I made application forms and informative materials for each different platform.

After receiving the applications, I interviewed each student and answered their inquiries. Finally, I supported students to perform their bests. About a month before the 2019 WIMUN program, I lead prior education program, which included orientation and five understanding MUN sessions. With my skills achieved through 86

diverse MUN experience, I was able to teach MUN rules and speech skills, give detailed feedbacks for studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; papers, and help them become more confident. I did not hesitate to work overtime during weekends to educate and share my passion with students. As a result, two students have each received Position Paper Award and Best Diplomacy Award.

Every minute at New York was eye-opening as I could see 5 months of work come to fruition.

Leading fourteen students for a week was not an easy task. However, as I double-checked every schedule and solved the problems as quickly as possible, the program ended successfully without any major problems. Students have described their experience as fun, educational, and enlightening.

These positive comments motivated me to work harder, and be more passionate. As an intern, having an opportunity to be part of a program from the beginning to the end is very unique. Through this program, I was able to experience planning, marketing, customer service, and finance. This has helped me deciding and pursuing a future career. I would like to deeply thank Hope to the Future Association for this special opportunity.

At General Assembly Hall, UN Headquarters in New York

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Organization Overview Hope to the Future Association

Status

NGO Representative at the United Nations Department of Public Information (UNDPI) Official Member of United Nations Academic Impact Korea

Program

Youth Education Programs and Sponsor Programs supporting the United Nations and its works, Global Citizenship Education Development, and Sustainable Development Goals(SDGS) in both domestic and international level

Website

www.hopetopfuture.org

Email Contact

webmaster@hoprtofuture.org +82-2-6952-1616

Hope to the Future Association (HFA) is a non-profit organization registered under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea. HFA has acquired the status of an associated NGO with UNDPI in June 2014.

HFA is deeply committed to supporting youth around the world. Our core value is sustainable support, voluntary participation, international partnerships, and empowering youth.

Main Programs (1) UN Headquarters Training Program in New York and Geneva    

Youth UN Training held at the UN Headquarters in Geneva and New York Attending Lectures by UN High Officials and International Organization Experts such as the Secretary-General of UNEP and the President of General Assembly Build Professional Knowledge on the SDGs and Global Issues that the UN mainly deals with Discussion with the UN Ambassador of the Republic of Korea

(2) International Model United Nations – Yale MUN, Yale MUN Korea, and WIMUN  



On February 2018, Hope to the Future Association and the Yale MUN Secretariat signed an official MoU and agreed to a collaborative partnership on organizing YMUN Korea Participating in International MUN Competitions as the Selected Korean Representatives and Delegation of Hope to the Future Association Attending Prior MUN Training by UN Ambassadors and experts from International Organizations

(3) International Youth Forum on the United Nations and Trilateral Cooperation 

Two representative International Youth Forums hosted by HFA are ‘Academic Forum on the United Nations’ and ‘Trilateral Cooperation Youth Forum – China, Japan, and Korea’

(4) SDGs English Contest – “Global Leadership Excellence Challenge (GLEC) 



English Speech and Essay Competition under the theme of SDGs and Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Participants: Elementary 5th Grade – University Students from domestic and abroad

(5) Donation Campaign for Children in Africa – ‘Container of Hope’ 

Sending 40ft long container filled with translated English books, shoes, school supplies gathered from donation campaigns raised by students 88

Cooperation Organization Permanent Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations In November 1951, the Observer Mission of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations was established. The Mission became a full-fledged Permanent Mission to the United Nations in September 1991, with the Republic of Korea's accession to the UN.

http://overseas.mofa.go.kr

The Korean Mission is currently headed by Ambassador Cho Tae-yul, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Korea. In November 1999, the Korean Mission moved to its present address, 335 East 45th Street, between 1st and 2nd Avenues, in New York City. The Mission's 11-story building is one of the recent works by the world-renowned architect, Mr. I. M. Pei. The building contains exhibition rooms, an outdoor garden and a conference room, all of which carry a traditional Korean touch.

Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations

https://www.eda.admin.ch

The Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations in New York promotes Switzerland’s interests in the UN Headquarters, in line with the country’s foreign policy goals. It participates in the work of the UN’s principal organs as well as in the different United Nations Funds and Development Programmes. The Switzerland’s Mission is currently headed by Ambassador Jürg Lauber, Permanent Representative of the Switzerland. The Switzerland’s Mission is located 633 Third Avenue, in New York City.

Group Programmes Unit, Visitors Services, United Nations Department of Global Communications Hope to the Future Association has acquired the status of an ‘Associated NGO with the United Nations Department of Global Communications.’

https://visit.un.org/

With kind cooperation and support of the DGC Group Programmes Unit, HFA is able to organize a diversified and a high-quality UN Training curriculum the Korean Youth every year. The Visitor Centre provides UN Expert briefings and guided tours to the visitors from around the world. The Department of Global Communications, previously known as the Department of Public Information (DPI), was established in 1946, by General Assembly resolution 13 (I), to promote global awareness and understanding of the work of the United Nations.

World Federation of United Nations Association (WFUNA) The World Federation of United Nations Associations (WFUNA) is a global nonprofit organization representing and coordinating a membership of over 100 national United Nations Associations (UNAs) and their thousands of constituents.

https://www.wfuna.org

Guided by WFUNA’s vision of a United Nations that is a powerful force in meeting common global challenges and opportunities, WFUNA works to strengthen and improve the United Nations.

WFUNA achieves this through the engagement of people who share a global mindset and support international cooperation – global citizens.

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â&#x201C;&#x2019; HOPE TO THE FUTURE ASSOCIATION 2019. All Rights Reserved.

All images included in this report are copyrighted to Hope to the Future Association, except for particular images noted with references on the pages. Materials can be freely used for informational purposes only.

Produced by the Education Program Department Production Director

Jung A Chelsea Pyun (chelsea@hopetofuture.org)

Production Assistants

Jae Yeon Jung (KyungHee University) Jieun Oh (KyungHee University)

Publish Date Publisher

Hope to the Future Association

Address

4F Dana Bldg, Boneunsa-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (06125)

Telephone

+82-2-6952-1616

Fax

+82-2-538-5928

Website

www.hopetofuture.org

Facebook

www.facebook.com/hopetothefuture

Email

webmaster@hopetofuture.org

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