#218 Holiday 2018

National Adoption Month Hits Home in Punxsy

Local Family Remembers Their Journey to Adoption

P On the cover: Local Family Remembers Their Journey to Adoption (Hometown Staff photo)

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By Jessica Weible for Hometown magazine arents who are expecting a new child have a lot of work to do to prepare for the exciting, joyful and sometimes stressful time in their lives. From buying diapers to preparing the nursery, there are seemingly thousands of decisions to agonize over in an effort to have the very best for the new baby. Most parents have at least nine months to prepare.

George and Marilyn Richardson had about 45 minutes.

George, who was already in his mid-50s with two grown sons, recalls that fateful night when he hurried to prepare for the newborn baby, only three days old, who had unexpectedly entered his life.

“I went to Walmart, standing in the baby formula aisle, and I noticed a person walking by: my great niece,” George recalled. “She looked kind of surprised and said, ‘Uncle George, are you ok?’”

George quickly explained what had happened. Marilyn had taken under her wing a young woman with a troubling home life.

For years, Marilyn had been a fixture of support through the young woman’s often turbulent personal life. The young woman had become pregnant with a child and was having a difficult time taking on the responsibilities associated with motherhood.

When the father of the baby didn’t return to see the child, and with no other family to turn to, the nurses became concerned.

Children and Youth Services then intervened. When the social worker suggested that George and Marilyn become the baby’s foster parents, the young mother was visibly relieved.

That’s when George and Marilyn, both on the verge of retirement, became foster parents to a newborn baby boy named Jack.

George admits that the idea of taking another child into their home gave him pause at first.

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2 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

Jack and his adoptive parents have faced many challenges since they brought him home just days after he was born, but their journey has brought them closer together and has given Jack the best opportunities he could have in life. (Hometown staff photo)

He and Marilyn, who had been so busy for years with continuing education and demanding careers, had plans to spend their retirement years traveling on their motorcycles. However, as they held baby Jack, George and Marilyn knew that Jack was coming home with them.

“When it was all happening, there wasn’t even a question,” Marilyn said. George added, “We didn’t think twice about it.

Didn’t have to talk about it. ‘Yes’ came out simultaneously.”

Although the couple had experience with

raising children, being a foster parent came with an entirely new set of challenges.

“Being a foster parent is probably one of the toughest things a person can ever do,” George explained. In the midst of caring for a newborn, George and Marilyn also became legally obligated to the child’s biological parents, whose visitation appointments were often unpredictable. After the child’s father was incarcerated, he signed away his custody rights; but, the situation was not completely resolved within the courts until Marilyn, who had been documenting every - Continued on page 4

“Over the River and Through the Woods with Memories”

A circa 1900 view, looking west from Walnut Street towards Sawmill Run and Clayville (now Punxsutawney’s West End), captures activity along Clayville’s East Main Street. At right is the view in 2018, now West Mahoning Street and West End. (1900 photo courtesy of Punxsutawney Area Historical & Genealogical Society)

B

By S. Thomas Curry of Hometown magazine eginning as a “harvest festival” by early colonists in New England, Thanksgiving Day is celebrated as a national holiday in the United States. For many years, Thanksgiving was held on the last Thursday of November. Beginning in 1942, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, federal law fixed the day as the fourth Thursday of November.

An 1844 poem written by Lydia Maria Child became a sentimental recollection of memories about visiting grandparents for a festival of food and recollections of family blessings. The original poem, “The NewEngland Boy’s Song About Thanksgiving Day,” was eventually set to a tune that many folks have sung during the holiday. Later, the tune was titled from the first line of the poem, “Over the river, and through the wood.” After many years, the first line of the song, and the title, became “Over the River and Through the Woods.”

Pumpkin pies and family memories are anticipated when generations of members gather for the feast. During the Thanksgiving season, with regards to history, many family members listen to the memories of the older generation, remember some and share the memories with children and grandchildren. More importantly, some write down (or type) those memories for a permanent collection into the future.

Available is a collection of memories provided several years ago by Miss Dorothy G. Jenks, better known to many Punxsutawney area residents as “Dottie” Jenks. However, these written expressions of family and local history are not focused on the historical and well-known Jenks family that settled and built a family homestead above the town and

north of the downtown. The wooded area was cleared of timber and developed in the 1820s for the residence of Dr. John W. Jenks, wife and children. Such names as Jenks Hill, Jenks Avenue and the Jenks Hill School identify the area in the Punxsutawney historical landscape. Instead, Dottie Jenks shared the experiences of her mother’s ancestors, the Evans family who settled in the Punxsutawney area in 1838. Dottie’s mother was Sara Evans who married Eugene Jenks in 1917. Sara was the daughter of Richard R. Evans who came to the area at age eleven with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ellis Evans.

Settling in McCalmont Township near Anita, the Evans family included nine children. In 1851, the family moved to what was then Clayville, now Punxsutawney’s West End. When Sara’s father died in 1911, his obituary honored his name with the words: “One

of the Oldest and Most Respected Citizens of Town.” (Punxsutawney Spirit, February 11, 1911). An active resident in town for sixty years, the obituary noted, “He saw this borough grow from a town of only four hundred inhabitants to the thriving municipality of today.” [Note: The borough of Clayville was officially consolidated into Punxsutawney in 1907.]

Before his death at age 84, Robert R. Evans wrote a family history of the years until 1908. Made available by Dottie Jenks, excerpts of that history are shared in this issue with Punxsutawney Hometown readers.

- Continued on page 8

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Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218 – 3

Local Family Remembers

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email, phone call, text message and visit, decided enough was enough.

Marilyn recalled the moment she made her case to the judge during a dependency hearing by showing him the book of documentation she had kept so diligently for the past twelve months.

“I was fighting for this child’s life to get him the best of what he can have,” she said.

“A child who comes from an environment that has all of these deficits, this child deserves more than that and I was going to see to it that he has the chance to be everything Jack received this teddy bear and his "wings" after he can be in his harrowing ride to the life.” After that, Children's Hospital in Pitts- the judge put burgh in a helicopter. more supports in place for Jack’s visitations and required his biological mother to take on more responsibility for the visits.

Meanwhile, baby Jack was starting to show signs that he may have some significant medical issues. At four months old, he was not hitting his developmental milestones and Marilyn became concerned. Jack also had chronic ear infections and trouble with his vision. By the time he was eighteen months, after frequent trips back and forth to Children’s Hospital in Pittsburgh, the doctors recommended Jack undergo a minor surgical procedure to alleviate the chronic ear infections, which had become so bad that Jack had stopped walking. The only problem was that, as foster parents, George and Marilyn had no legal rights in court to give permission for the procedure. They watched helplessly as Jack’s condition worsened.

That’s when Judge Foradora stepped in, making time during his lunch break to finalize Jack’s adoption. George and Marilyn hurried in to his office, eager to make their family official. The judge played an instrumental role in helping the Richardsons provide the best possible life that they could for Jack. Fortunately for Jack, there would be many more individuals and organizations in his community that would be there for him when he, and his devoted parents, needed them.

With the paperwork settled, the Richardsons could finally get Jack the medical treatment he needed. Unfortunately, less than a year later, the Richardsons were

National Adoption Month

With drug use on the rise in our communities and the continuing concerns over mental health, more and more children are living in homes that endanger their well-being. Jefferson County Children and Youth Resource Parent Coordinator Melissa George says there is a definite need for foster parents in our area so that kids can have safe places in which to live.

Too often, George has to look outside the county to other agencies in order to find these homes.

Individuals thinking about becoming foster parents should know that there are many different types of families who foster children.

“A lot of people think they have to be married or have their own kids,” George said. “There are some regulations from the state such as needing clearances, but really we just need people who want to give back and help with a situation where kids need to be removed from their homes.” George added that a foster situation doesn’t always lead to adoption — and that’s okay, too. Some parents or guardians just need time to work out their problems before reuniting with their children.

According to George, perhaps one of the most vulnerable age groups to enter the foster care system is teenagers. Many foster parents are reluctant to take in teenagers because they tend to have more complicated emotions, particularly during traumatic situations.

However, George encourages more foster parents to consider opening their homes to teenagers who are in a need of a safe and supportive environment just as much as younger children.

“Foster care is so necessary in our area, but for teens as well,” George emphasized.

George not only helps to match children in need with foster families, but she also works to offer regular trainings and education for foster parents to support them through the process of fostering a child. George is trying a new approach with these trainings where she tailors the sessions to the needs of the families instead of presenting them with ready-made lessons.

“There’s no exact science to it, of course, because you are dealing with the greyness of life,” she said. She added that trainings can help address the trauma in a child’s life.

“Trauma is different with how people deal with trauma. Even a removal can be traumatic. We are very aware of that.”

George acknowledged that it’s hard on everyone to remove a child from his or her home, even her staff.

“It’s hard on a person because you want to do what’s in the best interest of the child; you want to do the right thing,” she said. “This job is definitely not easy. But everyone that’s here has the heart and drive to want to do it to keep kids safe in our area.”

National Adoption Month provides an opportunity to remind people in our communities about the needs of children and families struggling with turmoil in their home lives. George reminds residents of our area who may encounter children and families in conflict to be as supportive as possible.

“It’s a difficult time that a kid is going through,” she explained. “They may need someone to just listen to them. It’s important to be patient.

And of course kindness always wins.”

For more information about becoming a foster parent, contact Melissa George, Resource Parent Coordinator at 814-849-3696 or email her directly at mgeorge@jeffersoncountypa.com.

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Draft, War and Epidemic: Harsh Realities for Small-Town Jefferson County in Early Twentieth-Century

Left: Private Harry Rhoades, of Panic, age 23, left Punxsutawney on May 28, 1918, and had been in France about four months when he was killed in action.

Right: Corporal Edward Francis Anderson, of Anita, was employed at Eleanora for two years before moving to Adrian. He left Punxsutawney for Camp Lee, September 20, 1917, before being transferred to Camp Gordon and then shipped overseas in April 1918. Anderson participated in a review before King George in London and arrived in France May 10, 1918.

Wounded in October 1918 at St. Jewin, he died October 27, 1918.

O

By the Coal Memorial Committee ing to finance an attack by Mexico on the for Hometown magazine United States in order to recover the territone hundred years ago, in October ries of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. On 1918, Jefferson County, like much of April 2, 1917, President Wilson called for the world, was Congress to declare in a very dark place. war on Germany; Europe was in the and, four days later, midst of a long war in Congress did. Amerwhich Germany was ica and Jefferson the aggressor. GerCounty would forever many had taken over be changed by these much of the European actions. continent, was threatBy April 12, plans ening England and atfor raising an army tacking U.S. merchant were underway. ships. Although AmerThree methods for inican lives were lost in creasing the Amerithese attacks, President can army were Woodrow Wilson was considered: universal narrowly re-elected in training, calling for 1916 after a campaign 500,000 volunteers or in which he promised by a draft. However, to keep the United at that time a draft States out of the war. was not on the table In January 1917, Geras many citizens remany resumed submamembered the draft of rine attacks on U.S. This ad from the June 28, 1917 edition of the Civil War. That merchant ships, sink- Brookville’s Jeffersonian Democrat provides a memory was reflected positive image of the National Guard. The meming seven of them. It bers of the National Guard Units were the first by the House of Repwas also learned that to be called into service for the United States resentatives when it Germany was attempt- and sent to France during the Great War, com- later passed a bill statmonly known as WW I.

ing that: In a draft, no soldier should be secured by the payment of bounties, and that no substitutes be permitted. Every man was to stand exactly the same before the law, and money was to have no advantage over poverty. If there were to be a draft, it was to be an honest one, with no loopholes allowing that favored classes could avoid serving.

Congress would go on to pass a bill providing for the issue of $7.5 billion in bonds and certificates of indebtedness, in order to raise money to support the war effort. This amounted to $75 per every man, woman and child in the United States. On May 10, 1917, an advertisement for the Liberty Loan of 1917 appeared in the Brookville Jeffersonian Democrat. Goals were set for each municipality in the county and the residents soon exceeded these goals.

In June 1917 the National Guard was called into service, along with volunteers and

a smaller number of draftees. The Jefferson County draft quota for July was for 472 men: 253 from District 1 - the northern area - and 219 from District No 2 - the southern area.

The men of District No. 1 were examined in the courthouse at Brookville and those of District No. 2 in the municipal building at Punxsutawney.

As the war raged, new selective service draft rules went into effect, and by September 1917, all men between the ages of 18 and 46 who had not previously registered were required to sign up. In addition to male citizens, the new rules required all male persons residing in the United States, even those who had only declared their intention to become citizens, to register. Agriculture workers were no longer exempt, and laborers could qualify for an exemption if approved by the war department, and only if they were employed in the maintenance of the military establishment. These new guidelines made many more Jefferson County residents subject to the draft. Most affected by these new rules were the immigrant miners in communities throughout the county.

Young men from Jefferson County who had been trained at Fort Lee, Virginia, during the - Continued on page 12

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Local Family Remembers

Continued from page 4 faced with another medical emergency and this time it was life-threatening. Jack had gotten a respiratory virus and he wasn’t getting any better. George and Marilyn had taken him to the pediatrician who advised them to watch him overnight and then bring him in the next day to admit him if his condition did not improve. It didn’t.

Panicked, George and Marilyn took Jack back to the hospital the next day as he struggled to breathe and he was admitted.

While arrangements were being made for an ambulance to rush Jack to Children’s Hospital, Marilyn says she saw a helicopter landing outside their window. She knew Jack liked helicopters and pointed it out to him. Just then the phone rang. The helicopter was for Jack. Marilyn described the harrowing ride to Pittsburgh. She had emergency medical training and the staff put her to work checking Jack’s vitals in order to keep her mind off of the terrifying thought that her son might not make it.

“The head nurse told me there was no way that if he had to wait for an ambulance that he would have made it,” Marilyn said. “He was at Death’s door.”

Jack was in the ICU for two days where he gradually improved. Both George and Marilyn described the staff at Children’s Hospital as being helpful and capable.

“It’s astounding to see the many people who are looking at various things all at the same time,” Marilyn said. “You don’t really know the number of hospital physicians and residents and interns, checking on this and that.” The staff would have frequent meetings about Jack’s condition and they encouraged George and Marilyn to be part of the conversation. “Nothing was sugarcoated,” Marilyn recalled. “They prepared you for the worst and prayed for the best.”

By the time Jack was only two years old, there were dozens of professionals and workers in the Richardsons’ lives who helped them provide the best possible opportunities for Jack to have a healthy and happy childhood. That trend continued throughout his preschool and elementary school years. In particular, Mary Kay Fedigan, a developmental teacher in the Early Intervention: birth to age three program and who has worked in the field for twenty years, was instrumental during Jack’s preschool years. Fedigan assisted with critical early Intervention that helped to identify that Jack had some specific learning disabilities.

Fedigan understood what George, Marilyn and Jack had been through together and knew that the best way to get Jack on the right path towards academic success was to educate and prepare George and Marilyn on how learning disabilities can affect

schoolwork and social behavior.

“Early Intervention provides assistance and support to empower families of children with developmental delays, special needs, and other concerns,” Fedigan explained.

“Families often experience frustration, disappointment, helplessness, and stress.

This can impact the family and further affect the development of the child. Early Intervention helps to build a supportive and nurturing environment for the family.”

She added that Early Intervention can be a key factor to ensuring positive outcomes for a child’s future. “Early intervention significantly increases the child’s ability to integrate in future social environments, including community, school and eventually employment,” she said. These services, combined with George and Marilyn’s dedication to learning everything they could about how to work with Jack and his special needs, helped Jack put his best foot forward as he began his school years.

Still, as with every family who sends its little one off to kindergarten, the transition came with challenges. The Richardsons pointed to dedicated professionals such as a school psychologist who understood what Jack needed to be successful and supported his classroom teachers to best meet Jack’s specific needs. As a result of the patience and understanding of the professionals who work with Jack, as well as his peers, Jack learned to navigate his elementary school years and take pride in his accomplishments.

Thanks to the hard work, fierce advocacy and compassion of George, Marilyn and many others who have helped Jack through his unique challenges, Jack is thriving. He is a self-aware, expressive, bright, and inquisitive student who is learning independent skills and making connections to the world around him. He and his family enjoy motocross, going out for pizza and spending time celebrating his achievements, however small they might seem.

The Richardsons’ journey hasn’t been easy, but their successes have resulted in large part from George and Marilyn’s dogged determination to do what is best for their son, as well as a community of people willing to support them on their journey to becoming the family they are today.

“I trust that I know what I need for my child,” Marilyn said. “And I will go get it.”

Jack’s story shows us how a community of people can come together to make a brighter future for one little boy. Although, if you asked Marilyn, Jack is really the savior of this story.

“People always say things like, ‘Oh, you both saved him!’” she said. “But I just tell them, ‘No, he saved me.’” *Note: While the people and events of this story are real, some of the names of individuals referenced in this article have been changed to protect their privacy.

•••

The History of What is Giving Tuesday?

Black Friday W B lack Friday marks the unofficial start of the holiday shopping season.

Come Black Friday, shoppers strive to get the lowest prices on gifts for their loved ones.

Much of the focus of Black Friday is on finding the best deals, but it can be interesting to take a breath and learn how this phenomenon developed and how it has evolved over the years.

“Black Friday” The term “black Friday” was originally associated with gold prices and manipulation on the part of speculators Jay Gould and James Fisk. This scandal occurred in September 1869. Commodity prices plummeted 50 percent as a result, and the term “black Friday” was coined to refer to that drop.

The phrase “black Friday” also became famous for all the wrong reasons in 1966.

Philadelphia police used it to refer to the Friday traffic jams and crowding in downtown stores from tourists and shoppers who flooded into the city in advance of the Army-Navy football game held the Saturday after Thanksgiving each year. Bigger crowds and rowdiness contributed to long hours and stressful shifts for local police.

Black Friday reinvented The retail industry started using the term “Black Friday” in the late 1980s. Spin doctors turned previously negative connotations into positive ones by associating the phrase with stores turning a profit and moving accounting ledgers from “red to black” thanks to big year-end sales. Retailers and consumers rallied around low-cost “doorbusters” and other discounted prices.

Interestingly enough, according to the National Retail Federation, Black Friday really hasn’t been the most lucrative day for retailers over the years. In fact, greater profits and larger crowds are often seen on the last Saturday preceeding Christmas.

Shopping weekend evolves While Black Friday may have been the catalyst, in recent years shoppers have made the entire weekend of Black Friday a lucrative one for retailers. Many stores now open on Thanksgiving and extend sales through the entire weekend. Small Business Saturday and Sunday promote patronizing mom-and-pop stores. Cyber Monday emerged when online shopping became a popular way to grab deals, and it marks the close of the opening weekend of the holiday shopping season. In 2017, Black Friday weekend attracted 174 million shoppers who spent an average of $335.47, according to the NRF. •••

hile Black Friday and Cyber Monday are some of the more widely known retail holidays, Giving Tuesday is becoming pretty popular in its own right.

Celebrated on the Tuesday following American Thanksgiving, Giving Tuesday helps raise awareness that charity is an important component of the holiday season.

The nonprofit services company Neon says nearly one-third of all annual giving occurs in December, with 12 percent happening over the final three days of the year. Giving Tuesday is positioned right in the midst of the most popular time for charitable giving.

What makes Giving Tuesday unique is

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that it is largely fueled by the power of social media and collaboration. The day was actually created by the 92nd Street Y, a cultural center in New York City that has been instrumental in bringing diverse groups of people together with the goals of giving back through service. The 92nd Street Y and the United Nations Foundation came together in 2012 to help form a day that was focused on the generosity of giving during the holiday season. Thus, Giving Tuesday was born.

Technology and social media play a large role in uniting people for Giving Tuesday.

Founding partners included Mashable, a technology website, Skype and Cisco. But the success of Giving Tuesday is thanks in

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large part to the general public, who have both spread the word and made their own contributions to charity.

In 2017, Giving Tuesday soared to new heights when technology mogul Bill Gates and his wife, Melinda, announced their foundation would match up to $2 million in donations to Giving Tuesday fundraisers started on Facebook. Facebook similarly waived its 5 percent fee for U.S.-based nonprofits all day long.

The global Giving Tuesday movement helped raise more than $300 million online across more than 150 countries in 2017 alone. This year, the Giving Tuesday organization is poised to top their numbers and continue to improve upon the more than 46,000 participating organizations involved in their charitable efforts.

Learn more at www.givingtuesday.org.

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8 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

“Over the River” Continued from page 3

About their move from a farm in Centre County in the spring of 1838, Mr. Evans wrote, “In those times there were no railroads running through the country as there are nowadays (1908). The moving had to be done on wagons .... It took us six days to get to our journey’s end, it being in April when the roads were at their worst. We brought with us two cows and one horse beast. On the day when we arrived in the Punxsutawney area it rained on us and Mother got wet and took cold, which was the cause of her death. She died on the sixth of June, 1838, which left us in pretty bad shape, leaving Father with nine children right in the woods with no mother, and with very little money to buy anything.

When we came to this part of the country (1838) schools were few and far between.

The first school we had was on the Isaac Jordan farm. The school-house was a little round-log house with a fireplace in one corner that would take a stick of wood from six to eight feet long. The seats were wood slabs, flat side up, with legs in them.

The place for the school was named Battle Hollow, and the way it got that name was by a dispute between school directors in locating the spot to build a new school-house. So when we boys heard that, the place was named ‘Battle Hollow.’ Our school teachers were farmers from our neighborhood who could read and write and cipher some, and use the rod when it was necessary.”

In 1847, young Robert Evans began a 2year apprenticeship with John Drum of Punxsutawney and spent those years doing “joiner work” in Clearfield. In 1853, he formed a partnership with his brother John and purchased land “bounded on the south

by Mahoning Creek, between Church St. and Morrison Ave., extending north to the Fairground, 18 acres.” On a portion of that land the brothers built a carpentry and cabinet shop and did business together until 1866, when Robert sold his interest to brother John.

After a few years working for planing mills in Brookville, Robert returned to Clayville in 1873. With his brother John, again, he formed a partnership, bought the Lindsey Planing Mill in Clayville from John Collins

A detail from the 1895 Lithograph drawing of Lindsey (Clayville) provides an artist’s rendering of the neighborhood between Sycamore Street and Walnut Street. The residential housing east of Walnut Street included the household of Robert R. Evans. In the foreground - left corner - was the Evans Brothers Planing Mill. The Evans home was located at the present-day 716 West Mahoning Street. (color photo by S. Thomas Curry)

and operated it until 1882 when it was set on fire by burglars.

About that fire, Mr. Evans furnished more detail in the family history when he wrote in 1908, “On June 20, 1882, Jack Riddle, a burgler [sic], set fire to the mill, and burned us out. Everything went into ashes - our books and all. The loss was about $10,000, from which we never fully recovered. That notorious Jack Riddle was from Night Owl Hollow, Clarion County. He had been in the penitentiary. ... the object of burning our mill was to rob the Mahoning Bank in Punxsutawney. By drawing a crowd to the fire, they thought they could then catch the cashier, M.J. Dinsmore, and gag him and take him to open the bank.”

The plan failed and the Evans brothers suffered the loss, saying, “That was a pretty dark time for us, and we took courage, and with the aid of kind friends helping us, we went to work and rebuilt the mill.”

The scheme for the daring robbery was revealed in 1904 when one of the Riddle gang confessed to the plot before he died. The Evans brothers continued the planing and carpentry business until 1900.

“We sold the whole business to Bowers brothers of the West End of Punxsutawney, and they took the mill down and hauled it up to where it is at the present time,” stated Mr. Evans in his writing. (That site was at Elk Street and Lever Street in the East End. In 1903, the Bowers’ planing mill was built and Lever Street was named for Lever Bowers.)

These “memories” are a few excerpts from the family history written by Robert R. Evans, the grandfather of Dorothy Jenks.

The complete family history is on file at the Punxsutawney Area Historical and Genealogical Society in the Lattimer House on West Mahoning Street.

Another significant collection of memories about life in the Evans family is a special “memory booklet” written by Dottie Jenks in 1992 as “a gift for the children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren of Sara Evans Jenks.”

Handwritten in beautiful, cursive script, Dottie’s introduction expresses the love for the descendants of her brothers Richard E. Jenks and John W. Jenks. “These are things Mother told about herself and her family,” she began. “You may have heard some of - Continued on page 18

Avoid the Naughty List: Don’t Let the Holidays Ruin Your Credit L

ooking for the “perfect gifts,” paired with enticing retail discounts and deals, can pressure holiday shoppers to spend more than they can afford. As a result, consumers may max out credit card limits or miss payments, negatively affecting credit scores. In addition, store credit cards may offer instant discounts that are tempting at the register — but that new application could decrease your credit score.

Not having enough money for presents and the strain holiday shopping puts on their finances are big causes of anxiety for many consumers, according to a recent Experian survey. However, many of these same consumers seem to be on the right track: in the survey, respondents listed several smart financial resolutions, including 28 percent who want to improve their credit scores, while almost 50 percent said saving more was a New Year’s resolution.

But understanding how your credit score is calculated is critical. With this mind, here are some key factors: • Payment history: Accounting for roughly a third of your credit score, paying loans on time is crucial; too many late payments can decrease your score.

• Balance: You never want your credit card balance to be higher than 30 percent of your credit limit — on a single card and across all of them. Keep balances low to keep your score high.

• Credit history: Those who’ve never used credit before will likely have a low score, or no score at all, while credit accounts that have been active for a long time reflect positively on your score, as does a healthy mix of accounts, such as having a mortgage, a few credit cards and auto loans.

• Staying out of hot water: Many people believe that financial transactions like rent, utility and telecommunications payments impact credit scores, but in fact, these are not factored in by many scoring companies. However, if you don’t pay bills and they get turned over to a collection agency, this could affect your credit score. Severely delinquent accounts are often reported to the credit bureaus.

“While it’s fun to give to others during the holidays, make sure to give yourself the gift of not getting into debt,” says Rod Griffin, director of Public Education at Experian. “Stick to a shopping budget. Only use credit cards for an amount you can pay off and pay the bill in full on time. You’ll lose your cheer quickly after the New Year if you face a mountain of debt.”

A positive credit profile and history of using credit smartly can open up financial opportunities, like getting a car loan or home mortgage. There are clear benefits to building your credit file, but if you don’t build it responsibly those gains won’t be felt. To plan for the holidays and 2019, visit experian.com/education for information about credit scores, as well as personal finance tips.

“Credit is a tool to be used wisely,” adds Griffin. “If you check your credit score regularly and make strategic decisions on when and how much credit to use in the short-term, it will benefit you when you absolutely need credit to make a large purchase or for an emergency expense.”

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Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218 – 9

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Robert R. Evans settled in the Punxsutawney area in 1838. A collection of memories about Mr. Evans and his family’s activities at their residence at 211 East Main Street in Clayville (now 716 West Mahoning Street) have been preserved through the efforts of Dottie Jenks, granddaughter of Mr. Evans. The Evans children attended classes at West End School on Winslow Street, seen in a 1900 photo.

(1900 photo reprinted from The Punxsutawney Spirit’s special Industrial Edition, May 1900.)

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10 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

“Over the River” Continued from page 8

them before, but because we love her so much (as she did us), it seems a good idea to write them down so we can have them to keep.”

The Evans children grew up in Clayville in the 1890s. An 1893 City Directory for Clayville lists the address of the family at 318 E. Main Street, and the Evans’ Planing Mill was at 211 E. Main Street. After Clayville was consolidated into Punxsutawney in 1907 as the West End of town, the family address was listed as 716 W. Mahoning Street.

Sara Evans was born in 1891 and lived her childhood in the family residence along the main street from Clayville east to Punxsutawney. Dottie Jenks began her booklet of memorable jottings with her mother’s memories of young girls going to school.

“She loved learning, and going to school, and begged to be allowed to go in the summer. She and her brother Paul walked the four blocks to school together. Along the

way they crossed the small bridge over Sawmill Run. There, as a very little girl she stood one summer day with her Aunt Bella Laughlin watching the little stream flow swiftly by. Fascinated, she asked if they could wait there until all the water had gone from the one side of the bridge to the other!”

Of interest to young girls was the memory about preparing for a school day: “Each morning before school, when they were dressed in their long dark stockings, good ‘school dresses’ and high buttoned shoes, Mother and her little sisters Ruth, and Rebecca, joined their ‘Mama’ by the fire-place in the dining room. There by the warmth of the coal fire, the girls took turns standing in front of their mother’s chair while she patiently brushed their dark brown hair into long curls around her finger.”

[Note: The school was the old West End School building, built in 1890 on Winslow Street, now the site of IUP Punxsutawney Region campus.]

During a recent visit by the writer with Dottie Jenks at her residence in Mulberry Square, Dottie reflected lovingly about her - Continued on page 18

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DEP Advises Homeowners to Inspect Home Heating Oil Tanks and Take Precautions to Prevent Spills, Leaks T

he Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) today advised residents to inspect and assess home heating oil tanks before the upcoming heating season to avoid leaks or spills that can be prevented.

Nearly one in five Pennsylvania households uses heating oil to stay warm in the winter.

Owners of home heating oil tanks should inspect indoor and outdoor tanks for potential problems. Leaking heating oil tanks can contaminate drinking water and soils, diminish indoor air quality, create the potential for fires and explosions, and subject tank owners to very expensive cleanups, which may not be covered by homeowner insurance policies.

With proper tank management, spills and leaks can be avoided. Tank owners who think their oil tank may have a problem should immediately contact their oil company for help.

DEP encourages home heating oil tank owners to routinely inspect the exterior of the tank and all attached equipment and follow these tips: • For safety reasons, always assume the tank contains at least some oil.

• Check for signs of rusting on the tank and its structural supports.

• Examine the tank’s fill line and feed line to the furnace for leaks.

• Check for signs that the vent line is clogged by debris such as spider or bee nests.

• Recognize that wet spots or odors near the tank may signal a problem.

• Never tip over or empty a tank onto the ground.

• Enlist a professional to perform maintenance or alterations to a heating oil tank system.

Tank owners should make certain that the home address is clearly visible and the tank’s fill line is clearly marked when heating oil is delivered. If a tank owner cannot be home when heating oil is delivered, mark the fill pipe with a red flag or marker and inform the oil company of its location. Residents should ensure that any disconnected fill pipes that remain above the ground are permanently sealed and cannot be opened.

If a leak or spill occurs, tank owners should do the following: • Find the source of the spill or leak and stop or contain the release, using absorbent material like cat litter, sawdust, peat moss or news-

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paper to stop the release from spreading.

• Call the heating oil distributor to remove as much oil from the tank as is necessary to prevent further release.

• Immediately notify the municipality and DEP. • If heating oil odors are getting into the house, ventilate affected areas, and close off unaffected areas.

• Contact environmental professionals to

begin the cleanup.

• Keep detailed, accurate records.

• Contact the insurance provider.

For more information on home heating oil tanks, visit the new Home Heating Oil web page on DEP’s website at www.dep.pa.gov/homeheatingoil or call DEP’s Division of Storage Tanks at 717-7725599.

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12 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

Peter Pitrone, of Walston, was 22 years of age when he left for overseas on August 1, 1918. He died October 31, just 11 days before the signing of the Armistice.

David Guy Weaver, of Bell Township, was the first draftee from this district killed in battle.

He was his father’s mainstay in the management of a large farm.

Although entitled to exemption as a farmer, he chose to serve. Weaver was killed in action at Chatteau Thierry, July 15, 1918.

Draft,Continued War and Epidemic from page 5

summer returned home on leave in September before shipping out to their overseas assignments. Families and friends, overjoyed at seeing their soldiers, held parties, celebrations and special church services to honor them. Emotions ran high as many were fearful of losing their loved ones on the battlefield. However, they were unaware of the danger which would overtake them at home.

Unbeknown to them, the soldiers had brought with them a virus, now known as Spanish influenza.

As the soldiers were traveling across the ocean and becoming involved in battles on foreign soil, their families were experiencing another travail at home. “WISHAW NOW UNDER QUARRANTINE. Nine Dead, Many Are Dying from Spanish Influenza.

Six more deaths occurred in Wishaw,” declared The Punxsutawney Spirit, on Monday, October 1, 1918. “UNUSUAL NUMBER OF SICK IN THIS COMMUNITY,” headlined the Brookville American on October 2, 1918, issue which went on to report: “As nearly as it is possible to make an estimate there are from 75 to 100 people in the community ill at the present time. Most of these have been stricken since last Friday.

At Wishaw there is an epidemic of Spanish influenza and a quarantine has been established. Full 300 people are ill there and eight deaths have resulted in a few days.”

During the month of October 1918, over 200 individuals died in Jefferson County of the Spanish influenza and complications.

These flu victims left behind broken families and approximately 25 orphans, who needed homes. Life on the home front looked bleak.

Andrew Frew, of Harmony, was wounded at Fismettes and died August 14, 1918 at the base hospital at Toul.

Private Peter Neilson, of Anita, died in a base hospital in France of battle wounds November 19, 1918.

During the month of October 1918, many of the Jefferson County Soldiers who had left for France in September were being added to the U.S. troops under General Pershing. They fought valiantly from Verdun through the Argonne Forest to Metz until the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918 ending the war. Some of these farmers and townsman, miners and railroaders, were fighting battles which would result in their deaths. Private Peter Nielson, of Anita, had left Punxsutawney with a selective contingent on July 25 and died on November 19 in a hospital from wounds he had received in battle. His mother had died the middle of October and he had not learned of it before death claimed him.

The four weeks of October 1918 were the most deadly for the soldiers in France as the Germans transferred all their power from the Russian Front to focus on the Allies. The United States Soldiers who were part of the push suffered a high number of casualties.

When the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, signifying the war was over, the Spanish influenza had abated on the home front and he people of Jefferson County could rejoice and give thanks for having made it through a very dark time.

The Brookville American issue of July 5, 1923, listed 59 military members and one Red Cross Nurse who gave their lives during the war. They came from the mining communities as well as towns. They were immigrants and first-generation Americans who fought side by side with soldiers whose families had been in the United States for four generations or more. In the files at the Punxsutawney Area Historical & Genealogical Society are the names of about a thousand men who fought in the war and returned to the community to be productive citizens.

Thanksgiving 1918 had a special meaning for citizens of America and Jefferson County as they looked forward to the future. These - Continued on page 18

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Archaeology, Artifacts and Activities at PAHGS

verberated forward through the centuries and led to ongoing strife over nomenclature. The fact is that the native peoples of the new world were a diverse group of scores of tribes, each of which had its own name, language and culture. This is why the Punxsutawney Area Historical and Getimes demeaning, the images, names, and

By Marty Armstrong nealogical Society recognizes that the hisstories reveal the deep connection between for Hometown magazine tory of the region includes that which we Americans and American Indians as well as can gather and know about the eastern how Indians have been embedded in unext’s not too late to point out that, for some woodland’s early peoples; hence, we strive pected ways in the history, pop culture, and time, the month of November has been in ways small and large to make everyone identity of the United States.” Interestingly, recognized as National American Inaware of what is known. the Society for Pennsylvania Archeology dian Heritage Month. President George The Early Peoples exhibit at the Society’s recognizes October as Archaeology month.

H.W. Bush approved a joint resolution desBennis House museum is one of the first Together, these special recognitions bring ignating November of 1990 as “National areas that visitors encounter — appropriout two significant times in American hisAmerican Indian Heritage Month.” Similar ately so — as it begins a timeline of Punxtory where there are reminders of the New proclamations, under variants on the name sutawney regional history.

In viewing details in the exhibit from left to right, an actual physical timeline highlights the evolution of projectile point shapes and sizes from the Paleo Period (14,000 B.C. – 8,000 B.C.) through to the Contact Period (1,500 A.D. – 1,750 A.D.), years when European arrivals made contact with indigenous peoples.

Pictured is the Native American Projectile Point Timeline from Bennis House Early Peoples Exhibit. The timeline high- The team who created this lights the evolution of point sizes and shapes over 16,000 years. Points included with the timeline were found locally. timeline included the society’s resident archaeologist, a member of Society for Pennsylvania World’s “discovery” by Christopher (including “Native American Heritage Archaeology, North Fork Chapter #29.

Columbus and the occurrence of the first Month” and “National American Indian The diagrams are accompanied by arti“Thanksgiving” at colonial Plymouth Planand Alaska Native Heritage Month”) have facts — points found locally. Without writtation in 1621. In the first instance, as we been issued each year since 1994. ten records, the history of the earliest all now know, Columbus’ optimistic voyLanguage prepared by the Smithsonian’s peoples can only be pieced together with age west across the Atlantic to find India on National Museum of the American Indian artifacts uncovered by archaeologists. the far side of the globe led him to assume explains: “American Indian images, names, Each time a new discovery is made, more is that the natives he encountered in the and stories infuse American history and learned about those early times, including Caribbean were Indians. This mistake recontemporary life. Pervasive, powerful, at

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just how early there were people living in or traveling through the region. A case in point is the Meadowcroft Rockshelter that was discovered in the southwestern portion of Pennsylvania. Found in it were artifacts indicating human habitation, ones thought to date back 16,000 years.

As the current year is the first of a fouryear educational cycle for PAHGS, it emphasizes all things Native American. For young people, our activities during Groundhog Festival Week and August’s History Daycamp, focus on samplings of the culture and the environment which was in place when settlers arrived in the region, as well as education about what tribes were present then. American books, movies and television have firmly placed in everyone’s mind American Plains Indian tribes with horses, eagle feather war bonnets and A-

- Continued on page 22

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Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218 – 17

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18 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

“Over the River” Continued from page 10

mother’s musical talent, that she taught Dottie to dance and gave her a love for singing.

Her entry into her “memory booklet” captures that respect. “From the time she was a tiny girl, Mother was very good at memorizing and performing recitations and songs at the Welsh singing and speaking contests held each winter at the school and church.

A neighbor, who was a music teacher, recognized Mother’s exceptional musical talent and started giving her piano lessons when she was five years old. She had a 15-minute lesson every day. ... She went on to other teachers, and learned to play organ as well as piano, so that by the time she was in high school she was earning her spending money by playing the organ for the local Episcopal church services. This was a ‘pump-organ,’ the bellows of which was kept filled by constant foot-peddling.”

The Christmas season is always a favorite family time. For the children in the extended Jenks family, Dottie shared this experience of the Evans family in the 1890s and early 1900s: “The Christmas tree was illuminated by many small candles. Mother told how they all looked forward to sitting down together to watch their father carefully light the candles each evening. They could admire the lighted tree for only a short time while their parents kept a close watch for fire. A water bucket was kept close by. After the candles had burned down only a little, ‘Pa’ snuffed them all out, and the children went off to bed remembering the beauty of the lighted tree.”

The planing mill of Sara’s father was located nearby, across from Sycamore Street and the B.R. & P. railroad crossing. The Evans children were frequent visitors to their father’s workplace. Some of those visits were shared in Dottie’s collection of memories from her mother, saying: “... a loving and devoted father, he used his building skills to make some clever things for the enjoyment of his children. One was a giant swing which he suspended from the rafters of his planing mill. When there was no heavy work being done by the big saws and planes, they could go and swing on the giant swing, or play in the sawdust pile and among the shavings from the planes. The girls liked to tuck the long curled shavings in among their own curls of hair.”

While personalized by her own handwriting, at the conclusion of the many shared childhood experiences of her mother, Dottie demonstrated an artistic talent in rendering numerous line drawings relating to those experiences she described.

“Thanks for the memory of sentimental verse,” are the words that begin the popular song “Thanks For the Memory” that was re-

leased in 1938. Thanks, too, to the many folk who cherish memories from the past and share them at special family gatherings such as Thanksgiving. Thanks to those also who gather those memories and record them in written diaries and journals, and in photos, too, to be shared for future generations.

•••

Draft, War and Epidemic

Continued from page 12 sentiments are reflected in an article entitled “WHEN THE BOYS COME BACK,” published in the Brookville American on October 2, 1918: “The biggest single influence in American public life during the next generation will be the soldier; just as the biggest single influence in public life in this country for a generation after the Civil war was the soldier.

These men have learned a new love of country by shedding, not language, but blood for it. They will not be easy dupes of visionaries for it. They will not be easy dupes of visionaries and demagogues with mouth filling phrases like those which the 80,000 Bolshevik orators employed in upsetting civilization in Russia and fastening upon the country the most brutal and destructive tyranny known in human history. Let the representatives of class rule in America talk now while the talking is good; when the millions come home from the war they will be filled with a spirit of comradeship, ennobled by an unselfish patriotism, which will render the outcry of the apostles of class hatred and envy and tyranny as futile as it ought to be in this government where all the power now rests, and has rested from the beginning in the hands of the people.”

This article has been prepared by the Coal Memorial Committee of the Punxsutawney Area Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc. Information used in the preparation of this article is available at the Punxsutawney Memorial Library, the Punxsutawney Area Historical & Genealogical Society and on-line resources including Wikipedia and Newspapers.com. Comments on this article may be directed to PAHGS, P.O. Box 286, Punxsutawney, PA 15767. Individuals desiring to honor a coal or coal related industry worker in 2019 are encouraged to purchase their tile

by June 30, 2019. Forms for purchasing a Coal Memorial tile to honor any person who worked in any aspect of the coal industry including railroads may be found online at www.punxsyhistory.org or may be picked up at the Lattimer House, 400 West Mahoning Street, Punxsutawney. Forms may also be requested by e-mailing: punxsyhistory@outlook.com, or calling 814-938-2555.

•••

Wolf Administration Announces Improved Bridge Conditions, New Online Bridge Tool

P

ennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) Secretary Leslie S. Richards today announced that the overall condition of state-maintained bridges has improved compared to January 2015. PennDOT has also unveiled a new "Bridge Conditions" map at www.projects.penndot.gov where the public can view conditions of stateand-locally owned bridges.

"Our roadways receive a lot of attention, but the safety of our bridges is also crucial to keeping goods and people moving in our communities," Richards said. "We have many, very old bridges and we are doing everything we can to replace bridges when needed, while maintaining and preserving others to extend their useful life."

Since January 2015, there are 819 more state-maintained bridges in good condition, the number in poor condition has dropped by 1,044, and the number in fair condition has increased by 95. Since 2015, 2,086 state-maintained bridges have been restored and the department has put out 1,017 bridge projects.

There are nearly 25,400 state-maintained bridges in Pennsylvania, the third-highest number in the nation, with the average age of state-owned bridges at over 50 years old.

PennDOT has long maintained quarterly, public updates of bridge conditions in the state, viewable on the "Bridges" page of the "Projects & Programs" section of www.penndot.gov. The new "Bridge Conditions" map allows the public and local and elected officials to easily see information on bridges in their communities.

"We have made great progress on statemaintained bridges, but we also have many bridges owned by counties and municipalities," Richards said. "That's why, in addition to liquid fuels funding distributed each year, the Wolf Administration included a local bridge partnership in our Road Maintenance and Preservation program."

There are 6,414 locally owned bridges, of which 1,886 – or 29.4 percent – are in poor condition. This is a decrease from January 2015 when 34.1 percent were in poor condition, and the number in good condition has increased from 21.5 percent to 23.2 percent. The need to improve local bridges was underscored when the biennial Transportation Performance Report, assembled by PennDOT, the State Transportation Commission, and the Transportation Advisory Committee and viewable at www.TalkPATransportation.comOpens In A New Window, identified local bridges as the only category receiving a "low" performance rating.

Since March 2015, nearly $1.8 billion in municipal liquid fuels investments have been distributed to certified municipalities for local infrastructure needs such as maintaining roads and bridges, winter services, traffic control devices and more. Earlier this year, Governor Tom Wolf also announced a new program investing $50 million over five years to advance projects for locally owned bridges that are approved on the state's Twelve Year Transporta-

tion Program. Additionally, the Wolf Administration's Road Maintenance and Preservation, or Road MaP, initiative has made opportunities available for the 22 counties who have taken steps to enhance their transportation networks (PDF) by collecting the $5 vehicle registration fee enabled by Act 89 of 2013, the state transportation plan. Chester, Montgomery, Berks, Schuylkill, Bucks, York, Cumberland, and Cambria counties are leveraging the partnership for bridge projects in their counties.

The partnership has made available up to $2 million for each county that has passed a fee resolution, with a 50-percent local match commitment required to secure the program funding.

To learn more about bridges in Pennsylvania, including the department's bridge-inspection procedures and more-detailed

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•••

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20 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

Turkey is much more than just a Thanksgiving staple.

about the health benefits of turkey and find ways to include it in their diets throughout the year.

Turkey is low in fat and high in protein, making it an important source of nutrition.

One piece of turkey breast without the skin measures up at 160 calories, four grams of fat and a whopping 30 grams of protein, according to the USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory. Dark meat and turkey legs are higher in calories but boast similar amounts of protein.

The average portion of turkey is 100 grams, or 3.5 ounces of meat. This is about the size and thickness of a deck of cards. A single serving of turkey can provide around 65 percent of the recommended daily intake of protein.

But turkey is more than just a lowfat source of protein. The meat is rich in niacin (B3), which may help increase HDL cho-

lesterol, widely known as the “good” form of cholesterol. Niacin, in addition to helping balance cholesterol levels, can lower a person’s risk for cardiovascular disease by reducing atherosclerosis, which is a hardening of the arteries. The resource Healthline also says niacin may help reduce inflammation and symptoms of arthritis.

Turkey also is rich in vitamins B6 and B12. B6 helps keep red blood cells healthy and reduce fatigue, while B12 can decrease levels of homocysteine that can contribute to cognitive decline.

Turkey is also a good source of selenium, which helps to keep hair and nails healthy while serving as an immune system booster that protects against damage to cells and tissues. Around 20 percent of the recommended daily amount of selenium can be obtained from a single serving of turkey.

Turkey is lower in calories and fat and higher in protein than chicken. Those who routinely consume chicken as part of a healthy diet can substitute it for turkey for even greater nutritional benefits. Turkey is particularly low in saturated fat, which may contribute to increased levels of the LDL, or “bad,” cholesterol.

Turkey also is versatile, as it can be baked, boiled, stir-fried, grilled, ground, chopped for salads, and sliced for sandwiches.

Turkey can be served for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Home chefs often find they can substitute turkey for any meat in a recipe with good results because turkey’s mild taste takes on the flavor of other ingredients.

Turkey is much more than a Thanksgiving staple and can be enjoyed in various ways throughout the year.

•••

Giving Back When Time is not on Your Side C

haritable work is a great way to give back and build strong communities.

Commitments to work and family can make it hard to find time to give back, but even the most time-pressed individuals can take steps to make the world a better place.

Become a more eco-conscious shopper.

When shopping for clothing, groceries and other items, consumers who want to give back to their communities can do so by looking for locally produced products.

Such products support local businesses, and a successful local economy serves as a great foundation for community. In addition, purchasing locally produced goods such as groceries greatly reduces your carbon footprint, which benefits both your local community and the planet as a whole.

Look for fair trade products. The Fair Trade Federation is a trade association that looks to build equitable and sustainable trading partnerships and create opportunities to alleviate poverty. Fair trade aims to provide safe working conditions and fair pay for all workers. While coffee and chocolate might be the goods most often associated with fair trade, the FTF notes that fair trade encompasses a wide variety of agricultural and handcrafted goods, including clothing, rice, soap, toys, and wine.

Products that are sold with the Fair Trade

Federation logo have undergone a rigorous screening process to ensure they are committed to the principles of fair trade. More information about fair trade is available at www.fairtradefederation.org.

Give back when you buy something. Consumers can give back simply by making purchases. For example, the AmazonSmile Foundation donates 0.5 percent of the purchase price of eligible products to the charitable organization of the buyer’s choice.

Many of the products available on Amazon.com, which operates AmazonSmile, are eligible for such donations. Users simply type smile.amazon.com into their web browser and choose a charity they wish to support. When making purchases, do so via smile.amazon.com instead of amazon.com.

Bstow.com is another charitable endeavor that enables users to automatically donate the spare change from everyday purchases.

Become a financial donor. If you don’t have the time to volunteer, then offer your financial support. Many charitable organizations would cease to exist without donations from private citizens. Such donations help charities fund their programs and cover their operational costs.

Time constraints make it difficult for many people to volunteer. But there are many ways to support worthy causes even if you don’t have the time to volunteer.

•••

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Weatherization Myths - Debunked!

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eatherizing your home for each season can make it more comfortable – but how to do it can be confusing. Here are four common weatherizing myths – busted! – to help get your home ready for cooler weather to come.

Myth 1: It doesn’t matter where your thermostat is placed.

Truth: Location, location, location! You may be spending more on heating and cooling than you need to be if your thermostat is in the wrong place. Placed in direct sunlight, you run the risk of getting false readings, as it can “think” the room is warmer than it actually feels, causing your air conditioner to turn on when it isn’t needed. Similarly, a thermostat placed near the kitchen often reads that the home is far warmer than it truly is due to the stove and oven. The best location is on an interior wall, centrally located and near areas where you spend the most time, ensuring these rooms are the most comfortable.

Myth 2: Closed curtains and blinds in cold weather prevent heat escape.

Truth: According to the Department of Energy, shades and drapes can reduce heat loss from a warm room by up to 10 percent. However, opening curtains and blinds during the day when direct sunlight hits can also allow for a warming effect.

In winter, draperies should be closed at dusk but opened at dawn.

In addition, heat escape through windows can be prevented with window insulation products such as Duck brand Roll-On Window Kits, which create a barrier between outdoor air and a home’s interior, helping block drafts and air leaks.

And, it’s also a myth that these are hard to install: A pre-taped edge makes for easy roll-on application, requiring no

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measuring, while fitting snuggly to indoor window frames to provide an airtight, crystal-clear seal.

Myth 3: It’s expensive to draft-proof your home.

Truth: Homeowners can actually save hundreds of dollars annually on heating and cooling costs with proper weatherization early in the season. How do you do it? There are many inexpensive, do-ityourself weatherization products that are easy on the wallet and easy to install, requiring minimal — if any — tools.

Windows and doors are the two largest draft sources in any home and should be top priorities for homeowners. Duck brand MAX Strength Silicone Weatherstrip Seals are quick to install and seal various size gaps around windows and doors that may be allowing air to escape.

Myth 4: It’s cheaper to keep your home at a constant temperature.

Truth: A common misconception is that it’s better to keep your home at a constant temperature, even when you’re not home.

However, if the system runs less during the day, it uses less energy. According to Energy.gov, you can save as much as 10 percent a year on heating and cooling by turning your thermostat back 7-10 degrees from its normal setting for eight hours a day.

Still need more help? For additional tips and information, text “Weather” to 84444 to access Duck brand’s Project Selector, an online resource for project guides, instructional videos and more, or visit DuckBrand.com.

Don’t let common myths scare you.

Weatherizing can be an affordable, easy do-it-yourself project — especially if you plan ahead.

(StatePoint) •••

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Archaeology Continued from page 17

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framed tipis. The Eastern Woodlands was a different place and it is the lifeways of the Eastern Woodlands tribes that are explored.

For crafters, native-inspired designs and ornaments form the basis of one of the Reschini Room trees during the Home for the Holidays celebration. Three of the four trees this year carry out this theme. In addition to a blue spruce complete with cones and dried plants showcasing the native heritage-inspired ornaments, Roseman’s Florist is lending a tree composed entirely

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On display at PAHGS is an eight-pointed star created from wood splints. The eight-pointed star has been shown as one of many designs used by several woodland tribes. Woven wood splints were used, at times, for basketmaking though some believe the technique of using wood may have been introduced by early colonists in the 1600s. The curvilinear designs shown are inspired by images of the eight-pointed stars created by members of the Mi’kmaq tribe of the Northeastern Woodlands. Curvilinear designs are frequently found in quill embroidery, beading or other art forms as they seem to mimic woodland plants. The tree on which such stars are displayed also displays ducks and crosses created from cattails, examples of wampum shell beading and rock art painting on slate.

of antlers and a bare-branched tree provided by volunteers will highlight the woodlands. A fourth tree is decorated with the society’s 2017 creation for the Rotary Circle of Trees in Barclay Square. That tree interprets the theme of a popular Christmas tune: “All I Want For Christmas Is My Two Front Teeth.” All are in place for the kickoff of the community’s holiday season and will light up the room for the society’s December events — a volunteer recognition tea on December 2 and the Society’s Christmas Open House, scheduled for December 15 and 16. Anyone having an event and seeking a pleasant venue may contact the society to reserve a rental time.

In subsequent articles, some of the legacy of those tribes present in Western Pennsylvania when European settlers arrived will be explored.

•••

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22 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

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Those Not Home

by Marty Armstrong for Hometown Magazine During WWI, many songs were written to help express the feelings of Americans involved in any way with the war effort. one such song — “Each Stitch is a Thought of You, Dear”—conveys several important themes. one is that of a mother at home while Sheet music cover design her four boys for “Each Stitch Is A are at war. Thought Of You, Dear.’

She is keep- Music by Billy Baskette; ing her hands lyrics by Al. Sweet; copybusy while righted 1918; published

by Leo Feist, Inc., Feist her thoughts Building, NY. are with them. The lyrics by Al Sweet reveal, in fact, that she is knitting scarves and caps for her four big, brave men as she formerly knitted their baby stockings. Perhaps she is knitting holiday gifts for them though she knows not where they may be or if they will be coming home for the holidays at all. As shown in the many WWI profiles over the last two years, families often found themselves sending one, two, three or more family members to war. Composed in 1918 by Billy Baskette, no doubt before the end of hostilities on November 11, 1918, the piece was “dedicated to that army of noble women —mothers — wives — sisters and sweethearts who are doing their bit for the boys ‘over there.’”

This musical selection, as stated on the second page, was also available for one’s Talking Machine or Player Piano.

It is one of several WWI-themed piano selections on loan to the Society from Paul and Caryn Stoll who have recently donated a Schwitzer family home organ from that era. The music and the organ are on display in the Leisure Room of the Bennis House where a number of WWI uniforms are also displayed. The music originally came from Paul’s maternal grandmother, Mrs. J.T. Davis, whose husband owned the Davis Jewelry Store.

Mrs. Davis (Mary Schwitzer) had a brother Paul Adam Schwitzer, who served during WWI as a bugler, though not overseas, according to his veteran’s compensation and service record. He was discharged on demobilization December 21, 1918.

•••

Three Ways to Give Back This Holiday Season W

ant to give back this holiday season? There are many ways to get into the charitable spirit. And if you need some inspiration for how to go about benefitting those in your local and global community, consider the following ideas.

Serve a Holiday Meal Food is one of the most fundamental ways to show you care, and, delicious food and the holidays go hand-in-hand. Consider

serving a warm holiday meal to someone who needs it.

There are many ways to do this, such as preparing a meal at home and delivering it to a sick or elderly neighbor, inviting a colleague or friend who doesn’t have family in the area to your home for a holiday meal, or volunteering in a food pantry to serve a meal to other members of your community.

If these efforts are not possible, look for a canned food drive near you and pick up some extra groceries to donate when shopping.

Give Access to Safe Water Give a gift to a loved one this season that’s not only thoughtful for him or her, but also benefits the community at large.

One great way to do that is through the gift of water. Due to microplastics and other common water contaminants, safe drinking water is not necessarily a given these days.

However, you can provide someone you love with at-home and on-the-go access to safe drinking water with a LifeStraw water filtration product.

Helping to reduce plastic waste by providing an alternative to single-use bottles, you’ll be making a global difference.

Sharing Our Thanks & Best Wishes

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Another way you can be a life saver is by ensuring you are a registered organ donor.

Use the holiday season as an opportunity to add your name to the National Donate Life Registry.

Before stringing lights or adding tinsel to the tree, you can truly get into the holiday spirit by finding meaningful ways to give back.

(StatePoint) •••

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or young children, social-emotional development is one of the most valuable aspects of school readiness. This holiday season, focus on toys and gifts for preschoolers that will build children’s empathy, communication skills and the ability to resolve conflicts and navigate challenges.

Here are a few gift ideas that do just that.

Experiential Gifts A petting zoo can be a great place for kids to learn about compassion. A puppet show may teach important lessons about making new friends or learning how to navigate challenges. The gift of an experience will be an exciting life-long memory and a great opportunity for you to spend time together while kids hone important skills.

Interactive Toys Those who want to help children learn important lessons might consider putting Zoonicorns at the top of their holiday gift lists.

Fun and engaging animated music videos, game apps, books and online activities capture children’s imaginations while offering parents and children an opportunity to work through and overcome obstacles together.

Kids can watch inspiring music videos like

S

“Yes, You Can!” on YouTube and play along with the soft and cuddly plush Zoonicorns, which are a combination of a unicorn and zebra. The new Wish Me Zoonicorns by Jay@Play have four touch points where children may interact with them. When kids kiss the Zoonicorn on the nose the horn glows and kids can make a wish.

The animated videos stories focus on tools children can use to identify and solve problems for themselves through the comforting animal characters of the Zooniverse.

Board Games Playing age-appropriate card games and board games is a great way for kids to learn to follow rules, take turns, cooperate and be a good sport. Card games such as Uno and Go Fish make great stocking stuffers. As for board games, think classics like Candyland, checkers and Chutes and Ladders, or go for newer games designed specifically to familiarize kids with letters, shapes, numbers and colors.

This holiday season, consider how the gifts you give young children can help foster their social-emotional development.

(StatePoint) •••

Sweet Potato Quiche

weet potatoes are a favorite side dish at Thanksgiving dinner tables. Packed with vitamins, nutrients, fiber, and delectable flavor, sweet potatoes have earned their place on holiday dinner tables. While many holiday hosts bake, fry or mash their sweet potatoes, these beloved tubers can be prepared in other ways as well.

If you want to put a new twist on this Thanksgiving staple, whip up this recipe for “Sweet Potato Quiche,” courtesy of the North Carolina Sweet Potato Commission.

Submitted to the NC State Fair Tailgate Recipe Contest by Kristen Frybort, this recipe marries sweet tubers with decadent cheese, rich cream and savory spices.

SWEET POTATO QUICHE Makes 8 servings

2 cups sweet potatoes, peeled and diced into small cubes 3/4 cup yellow onion, diced 2 1/2 tablespoons olive oil 1/2 teaspoon salt Black pepper to taste

Egg mixture: 4 eggs 1 cup heavy cream 1/2 teaspoon fresh rosemary, minced 1/2 tablespoon fresh parsley, minced 1 1/2teaspoons salt 1/4 teaspoon pepper

3 ounces Gruyere cheese, shredded

Pre-baked deep dish pie crust

Preheat oven to 400 F. Mix together the first five ingredients and place on baking sheet. Roast in the oven for 15 to 20 minutes.

While sweet potatoes and onions are roasting, shred cheese and set aside. Whisk the egg mixture and set aside.

Once potatoes and onions have finished roasting, spoon them into the pre-baked pie shell. Next, layer the shredded cheese on top of the sweet potatoes.

Reduce oven to 375 F. Pour egg mixture over the cheese and potatoes. Place quiche in the oven on a center rack. Bake 20 to 25 minutes, or until eggs are set.

•••

LUNDY & LUNDY Law Firm of

Jeffrey Lundy & Jay P. Lundy

Over 50 Years of Combined Real Estate Experience

Closed to the public.

Book your special event today!

Kids’ Holiday Gift Ideas that Build Social Skills F

Daily Lunch Buffet from 11:45 to 3

24 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

Groundhog Plaza Punxsutawney

• Buying or selling a home, farm or land • Closings, title searches, title insurance • Right of ways • Property disputes • Subdivisions • Coal, Oil and Gas

Punxsutawney • 938-8110 • www.lundylawpa.com

Three Common Diabetes Myths Debunked N ovember is American Diabetes Month, and a good time to sort fact from fiction regarding this serious disease.

Here are three common diabetes myths — debunked, with the help of Nutrisystem Certified Diabetes Educators (CDEs) and Courtney McCormick, dietitian for Nutrisystem.

Myth: I’m a healthy weight — I can’t get diabetes.

Fact: Although there’s a clear connection between being overweight or obese and developing type 2 diabetes, genetics and other lifestyle factors can also play a role.

Prediabetes can sometimes be an early-stage development of type 2 diabetes, and its risk factors (other than weight) include: • Polycystic ovary syndrome: Fairly common in women, stay attuned to symptoms such as increased hair growth, weight gain and an inconsistent menstrual cycle.

• Older age: Prediabetes risk increases after age 45, according to the Mayo Clinic.

• Family medical history: A family history of blood sugar-related health complications increases prediabetes risk.

• Gestational diabetes: Women who experience gestational diabetes (diabetes developed during pregnancy) are more likely to develop prediabetes. Additionally, if your baby weighed more than nine pounds at birth, you’re at greater risk, according to the Mayo Clinic. Men, aren’t off the hook. This increased risk extends to the children of women who had gestational diabetes.

• Inadequate sleep: Certain conditions causing sleep disruptions can be a recipe for insulin resistance.

Myth: People develop diabetes because they eat too much sugar.

Fact: Although consuming excess calories can contribute to being overweight, which is associated with type 2 diabetes, sugar is not the singular cause of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is the result of genetics and additional unknown factors and type 2 diabetes is the result of a combination of genetics and lifestyle factors.

Are you a caregiver to a loved one over the age of 60?

Myth: If I have diabetes, I can’t have carbs or dessert.

Fact: Generally speaking, individuals with diabetes can follow the same healthy diet recommended for the general public and can even enjoy sweet treats in small portions on special occasions.

Carbs are a necessary part of a healthy meal plan. Just pay attention to portions. Optimal carbohydrate counts will vary by person, but the American Diabetes Association recommends starting with 45-60 grams per meal,

and tweaking depending on how your body responds.

Some good carbs to consider? Whole grain breads, pastas, rice and cereals, plus starchy vegetables like potatoes, peas and corn.

Fruits, beans, milk and yogurt also count toward daily carbohydrates. On the Nutrisystem D plan, which is designed for people living with type 2 diabetes, milk and yogurt are considered “PowerFuels,” even though they provide some carbohydrates. Many people are advised to enjoy these foods with fruit to prevent nocturnal hypoglycemia.

It’s important to have a good understanding of the risks, causes and precautions associated with diabetes. Although preventative measures can’t be taken against type 1 diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association, research suggests that you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58 percent by: • Losing seven percent of your body weight • Exercising moderately 30 minutes a day, five days a week Eat well, be well and know your risk factors for diabetes, this month, and every month of the year!

(StatePoint) •••

Are you raising your grandchildren due to the inability of the parent to care for them?

There may be funds available to assist you with the expenses that you have in caring for these loved ones.

The Caregiver Support Program may be able to assist you, and it may help to take away some of the stresses of being a caregiver.

For more information on the Caregiver Support Program, contact Aging Services, inc. at 724-349-4500 or 800-442-8016, weekdays between 8:30 am to 4:30 pm.

Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218 – 25

GROUNDHOG Instant Lube and Oil

NO APPOiNTMENT NEEdEd FOR OiL ChANGES

8 to 5 Mon. thru Fri. Saturday 8 to noon

938-3449

call for TiRES, MEChANiC WORK, STATE iNSPECTiONS

Rt 36 South in Cloe, 2 Miles S. of Punxsy

Let Us

Give Thanks 411 1/2 w. Mahoning St., Punxsy

938-6020

www.mulberry-square.com

(“From Our Past,” researched by S. Thomas Curry, features items of interest from past editions of Punxsutawney and area newspapers.)

November 16, 1904 — The work of slagging Front street still goes on. The street has been dug down and the slag will make a solid foundation for brick paving whenever that is done. This work on Front street has been necessary in more ways than one.

In the first place the street is one of the most traveled in town and the plank paving had become rotten and worn out. The other reason is that from a hygienic standpoint the street was in a very unhealthy condition. The road bed beneath the old plank was seldom dry and was a mire of filthy water and mud. (Punxsutawney News) [NOTE: In 1984, the section of Front Street north of the East End Bridge was renamed Hampton Avenue after the completion of the Front Street Redevelopment Project.]

November 17, 1886 — A diabolic attempt to blow up one of the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg railroad coaches with dynamite was discovered last Thursday morning at DuBois by the car-inspector. Three dynamite bombs and caps were discovered fastened under the springs of the rear coach. The bombs were handled very carefully when they were removed, and the passengers were terribly frightened when they learned that they had ridden over dynamite all the way from Punxsutawney to DuBois, a distance of twenty miles. (Valley News) November 17, 1886 — The ladies of the Baptist Church will not hold their Thanksgiving evening ten-cent lunch party in the church as heretofore stated. They have decided to rent the skating rink for that

evening. Children that want supper are admitted free. Let every body attend the tencent lunch party. (Valley News) [NOTE: In 1886 The Baptist Church was located on North Jefferson Street.]

December 3, 1868 — MARRIED: EVANS - TRIPPIER - at the residence of the groom, in Punxsutawney, Wednesday evening, Nov. 25th, 1868, by Rev. D. Latshaw, Mr. R.R. Evans, to Miss M.M. Trippier, both of this borough. Another of Punxsutawney’s citizens entangled in the matrimonial noos (sic). May no sorrow or adverse gales ever overtake them during the voyage of life, and may happiness and success be theirs. (Punxsutawney Plaindealer) [NOTE: The named “R.R. Evans” is featured in this issue of Hometown.]

December 10, 1890 — There is apparently something about snow that makes people think of ghosts. Anyhow there has been more talk of ghosts in this town since the late fall of snow than we have heard in a year before. Perhaps it is the white capped fence posts and chimney tops that make them think of these uncanny things. Ghosts have had a great deal of attention paid them in all times and all countries considering that they are things that do not exist. (Punxsutawney Spirit) December 11. 1895 — A mule met death at Adrian yesterday. It was crushed between two cars, had its leg broken, and had to be shot. There is perhaps an average of a mule a week killed in the mines hereabouts.

When a man gets a leg broken it can be fixed up, and in a few weeks he is as good as new, but when a mule meets with a misfortune of that kind it is done for. That is one of the advantages a man has over a mule. (Punxsutawney Spirit) •••

hometown punxsutawney magazine’s christmas Edition is coming soon. schedule your holiday greeting today!

Mary 938-0312 or Tracey 938-9084

Happy Thanksgiving!

ACME MACHINE

& Welding Co. 46 Anchor Inn Rd. Punxsy

26 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218

938-6702

ingham & Sons Automotive Services

Serving the area since 1976

Imported & Domestic Cars Repaired 22368 Rt. 119 indiana hill Punxsy

938-4291

When Do You as the Care Giver get a Break?

LOCALLY OWNED & OPERATED

LLC

New Line of Ariat and Bogs

Clothing for Men & Women, Work & Hunting Boots by Rocky, Wolverine, Georgia, Danner, Red Wing & Muck

814-845-7853

Thurs. - Fri. Noon to 8 pm, 3802 Gipsy Rd. Sat. 10 am to 6 pm, Gipsy, PA 15741 Sun. Noon to 5 pm

Home of the Big Daddy

814-618-5653

Have a

207 Hampton Ave., Punxsy

GREAT

ORDER ONLINE AT

Festival FoxsPizzaPunxsy.com HOURS: Mon.-Thur. 10:30-9 Fri. & Sat. 10:30-10; Sun. 11-9

Stop by

and See

PENNY 99 N. Gilpin St. & Punxsutawney HALEY 938-3502

Massages CONTEST RULES

1. Complete the coupon on this page.

2. Guess the winning team and the total number of points you think will be scored in the Steelers vs.

Chargers Game and enter the guesses in the spaces provided on the coupon.

3. Enter one of the participating advertisers on this page in the space provided to redeem your coupon should you be the contest winner.

4. Clip and forward the coupon to:‘Steelers Football Contest,’ c/o Hometown magazine, 129 Aspen Road, Punxsutawney, PA 15767. PLEASE MARK YOUR TEAM PICK & TOTAL POINTS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE ENVELOPE.

Mon.-Thur. 5 a.m. - 7 p.m. • Fri. 5 a.m. - 8 p.m. • Sat. 5 a.m. - 7 p.m.

119 South, Punxsy (Next to Dairy Queen)

938-2570

814-371-3180

Christ The king At Home 1100 West Long Ave., DuBois, PA

christthekingmanor.org

09/09 09/16 09/24 09/30 10/07 10/14 10/28 11/04 11/08 11/18 11/25 12/02 12/09 12/16 12/23 12/30

Affordable Fun Family Haircare & More

Full Menu • New Menu Catering • Six Packs to Go • Remodeled Dining Room

Call us and we can give YOU a break!

STEELERS 2018 SCHEDULE

Wild Hair Salon

Now taking appts for

Anytime, with respite care from Christ The King At Home

5. All entries must be received by 4 p.m. Thursday, November 29.

6. No purchase necessary to participate. All entries must be original magazine coupon (no photocopies).

7. In the event two or more contestants correctly pick the winning team and total number of points, one winner will be randomly selected and awarded the winning prize.

In event two or more contestants tie for closest to the total score, one winner will be randomly selected to win the $20 certificate. Each issue we will give one $20 certificate.

8. Hometown magazine retains the right to make any final decisions regarding the contest, and by submitting an entry, contestants agree to abide by the rules of the contest.

Steelers vs. Ravens Sunday, Dec. 2 • 1 p.m.

Hometown magazine ‘Steelers Football Contest’:

Complete, Clip, Drop off or Mail to: Steelers Football Contest c/o Hometown magazine, 129 Aspen Road, Punxsutawney, PA 15767

Name ________________________________ Address ______________________________ Zip __________________________________ Phone ______________________________ Coupon for Game of Sun., Dec. 2 Step 1: Guess the Winning Team: __ Steelers vs. __ Chargers Step 2: Guess the Total Points that will be Scored in that Game: _______ Total Points Step 3: Should I win, I would like to redeem my merchandise certificate at: (List business from this page) _____________________

Honda Generators!

DELANEY HONDA 115 Lenz Rd. Indiana, PA 15701

(724) 717-1500

@ Browns 1 pm CHIEFS 1 pm @ Buccaneers 8:15 pm RAVENS 8:20 pm FALCONS 1 pm @ Bengals 1 pm BROWNS 1 pm @ Ravens 1 pm PANTHERS 8:20 pm @ Jaguars 8:20 pm @ Broncos 4:25 pm CHARGERS 1 pm @ Raiders 8:20 pm PATRIOTS 4:25 pm @ Saints 4:25 pm BENGALS 1 pm

Very Smart.

LUiGi’S PiZZA & SUBS punxsy’s finest pizza Beyond a shadow of a doubt!

535 East Mahoning St., Punxsutawney

938-3020

HouRS: Tues.-Thur. 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. and 3 to 8 p.m.

Friday 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. and 3 to 9 p.m.

Saturday 3 to 9 p.m. • Sunday 3 to 8 p.m.

Pizza Town Fresh Homemade Dough & Sauce Made Onsite Daily For All Our Dinners & Pizza!

GREAT QUALITY LARGE PORTIONS REASONABLE PRICES We treat you like one of the family with fast, friendly service.

W. Mahoning St., Punxsy Plaza

938-2380

BRING THE FAMILY to the new Anchor Inn

new

A Menu to Serve Every Taste

FRESH, DELICIOUS PIZZA & WINGS Route 310, elk Run Ave.

938-8060

Punxsy’s Family Favorite Always Was, Always Will Be! OPen 7 DAYS A Week

NEW! Available in 4, 6 or 10 piece

Downtown Punxsutawney

938-9584

588 W. Mahoning St. Punxsutawney

CARULLI AUTO SALES & SERVICE

Let us take care of your vehicle We offer a full line of

Auto Repairs

WE'VE GOT TIRES!

Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218 – 27

New Hours: Monday & Thursday Noon-7pm, Tuesday & Friday 10-4pm; Saturday 10-2 closed Wednesday and Sunday Rt. 536 North Freedom between Ringgold & Mayport

28 – Punxsutawney Hometown – Holiday 2018 - Issue #218