landscapse studio 3

QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET 2040 LANDSCAPE STUDIO 3: URBAN OPEN SPACE

life

‘First , then space, then buildings - the other way around never works.’ - JAN GEHL

SITE ANALYSIS

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK 1. VIBRANCY AND DIVERSITY

MARKET LIFE QVM Lived space

As a market place nature, QVM, unlike supermarket, possesses a dynamic and vibrant atmosphere with diverse range of activities and human interaction. This is the most important quality of the market that I sure want to keep and enhance with my design.

QVM impression

2. LOST AND DEAD SPACE

Positioned at the heart of Melbourne with the market’s dynamic and diversity, the market lost space call for a renovation to accommodate future programme, as well as revitalize market life that can be threatened in our modern lifestyle.

KNOWLEDGE PRECINCT QVM is an importance landmark of City North, the area recognized as Melbourne knowledge precinct with university and institution clusters. This character was taken into the design to not only coherently relate to city master plan, but also to inform potential functions and programme.

CITY NORTH Conceived space

3. SOUTHERN GATE

While embracing much potential for event space (as seen in Night Market), QVM does not possess adequate facility as well as ‘iconic’ recognition in term of civic place. Also, the existing northern entry influence the circulation in QVM, make the market is re

LAND USE ZONING

(CITY OF MELBOURNE, 2012)

FUTURE CITY Percieved space

QVM vibrant atmosphere

HERITAGE OVERLAY Layers of meaning

TRANSPORTATION

It is noteworthy that many apartment buildings have been or will be planned around QVM as part of City North incentives for high density development. This opens up opportunities for QVM as a market place for social interaction as well as daily shopping for local residents.

Transit hub

The need for re-thinking urban water is urgent. I believe the perception that in Australia we are currently running out of water should be addressed in a more sensible way, rather than getting desalination plants constructed.

Not only reusing and recycling water, I believe bringing water ‘on the surface’, celebrating the abundance of it, so that water can be seen and appreciated, will not only help to educate, but also bring people together, as what water could do in our history.

RESPONSIVENESS

(CITY OF MELBOURNE, 2012)

REVIVAL OF CIVIC PLAZA As a part of persona exercise in class, it is interesting that all of us agree in the near future, we will be heavily influenced by virtual environment such as social media and online shopping. As a result, social interaction will inevitably be affected. Thus, a social meeting place such as market will become more critical in bringing people together and enhance social interaction.

BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE

Design configuration

CITY NORTH OPEN SPACE AND TRANSPORTATION

The need for more efficient public transport when removing existing car park to facilitate market life.

Opportunities for southern ‘gate’ near flagstaff Garden, as opposed to existing circulation coming from the transport node from Elizabeth St.

MIX-USED, HIGH DENSITY DEVELOPMENT

TRANSIT-ORIENTED STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FUTURE PRACTICES The future of city mobility will largely influenced by the efficiency of public transport as a major player, and co-existence with other modes such as cycling and motor vehicles. The super stop, which allows transport riders to change modes of mobility is, hence, a necessity for efficient urban mobility. This trend can be clearly seen in many places in Melbourne, such as Flinder St/Swanton St junction.

4.EFFICIENT PUBLIC TRANSPORT

Edge Effect and Prospect Refuge Theory

FEDERATION SQUARE (FS)

STATE LIBRARY FORECOURT (SLF)

QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET (QVM)

PUBLIC TRANSPORT ROUTE THROUGH THE SITE

It is interesting that although both studied sites are set within heritage importance, herritage meanings are not consolidated into a ‘physical identity’ in form of a museum or major statue. Yet both intergrate herritage layers into user’s experience through signs such as remnant statues (SLF) or paving patterns (FS). This informs me about an effective approach to herritage design: through layers of meaning intead of direct intepretation into physical objects or functions.

It is clear that an important factor that determines the success of people place is location and the surrounding. With both SLF and FS, transit hubs are at the most convenient access to the space, making both locations favourite spots for social gatherings, even not for any events.

The provision of physical permeability - multiple access points to the site is crucial in inviting circulation from all possible directions. Secondly, both sites allow visual permeability, which encourage people to look into the site, resulting in a more welcoming space.

Site observations show that behavioral reponse to public space is partly predictable. Firstly, people prefer to sit at the edge of an open space as well as love watching other people (the Edge Effect). Secondly, out-of-scale scuptures/structures (as seen in SLF) attract social interactions. Both studied sites utilized these approaches to predict users’ behavioral response to open space.

These valuable observations are, as a result, applied in my final design to configure sitting areas.

PRECEDENTS

As part of my earlier analysis, our group looked into Melbourne’s precedent State Library Forecourt as a successful people place. Although our group analysis was comprehensive enough to get me realize the importance of location to deliver desired outcomes, I decided to look into another successful civic plaza in Melbourne - Federation Square with a similar location profile to really understand the design characteristics that determine its success.

CYCLING MAP (Google Map, 2016)

01| SITE ANALYSIS

QUEENS ST IMPRESSION

FRANKLIN STREET DETAILS | 02 MASTER PLAN DESIGN FOR TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT

KEYS ALIGN FRANKLIN STREET New Franklin Street was designed to run across existing car park, align with city intersecting grids. This will not only ease the stress on roundabouts at two adjacent junctions but also create another major street interface for the new square and activate nearby ‘dead’ buildings.

FLAGSTAFF STATION ENTRANCE

The existing car park is in close proximity to Flagstaff Station, yet the main entrance is barely noticeable as there is no major sign that there is a station underneath the garden. Thus, there is an opportunity for both Flagstaff Station rennovation as well as for QVM to reconfigure the exising public transport node to further accomodate residents mobility preference.

CROSSING RECONFIGURATION As new Franklin Street alignment is processed, reconfiguration of the existing roundabout is proposed to reflect to new vision for city future - a safe crossing for all modes of mobility.

MASS TRANSIT HUB

REPURPOSE DEAD BUILDINGS The exising dead buildings can be repurposed to accomodate new functions such as art galleries and studios. The street interface, however, can be used for cafe and interactive activities to ensure street activation.

CROSSING DETAIL 1 CROSSING DETAIL 2

CONNECTED OPEN SPACE While the existing Queens St functions actively as a social space for food-related events, the adjacent open spaces such as exising car park and Therry St can be rennovated to accomodate new activites and enrich social experience for market life.

These can be considered a connected and continuous open space to bring coherent yet diverse experience.

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT As a part of strategic framework outlined earlier, as well as considering QVM existing stormwater harvesting practice, the design of new plaza will take measures to not only ensure a water-sensitive design, but also create a microclimate for the market and use it for social activities.

STREET JUNCTION DETAILS CROSSING DETAIL 1

CROSSING DETAIL 2

QUEEN STREET: CYCLING/ WALKING CO-EXIST

NARROW DOWN MOTOR LANE

By then Queen Street will be pedestrian dominated.

However, allowing cycling on Queens St will give local residents who are future QVM shoppers an option for their daily shopping. Morover, the coexistence of cycling and walking and active retails on Queen Street can create more hybrid street yet still ensure safety.

Reducing speed of vehicles by narrowing down the lane for motor ways, with 3.5m on each lane.

DIAGONAL CROSSING

Diagonal crossing is a model for mobility equity, which ensures equal crossing for all pedestrian, cyclists and motor vehicles

TOWARD A COMPLETE STREET Street should be designed for everyone, be it motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians or transit riders; of all ages and abilities.

TREELINES

Provide street trees and covered walkways to ease walking experience even during hot days.

WALKING EXPERIENCE

REPURPOSE DEAD BUILDINGS

Footpaths are widened to accomodate not only pedestrian but also other street activities such as outdoor cafe

The remaining shed of QVM will be rennovated to house the new gallery space. Yet, part of it that overlook new public square can be used as outdoor cafe and retails. Also, encourage active and visually permeable frontage of these sheds. These elements will ensure activation of the street 24 hour and encourage pedestrian circulation and ensure city’s continuous walking-friendly corridor.

STORMWATER CLEANSING AND COLLECTING SYSTEM

Distributed bio retention basins and overflow drainage system are intergrated in street design, as part of the ‘water institute’.

CYCLING TRACK

Ensure safety for cyclists by creating a separate bicycle tracks with secure parking space along the street.

PERMEABLE PAVING

As a part of water manangement system, paving materials are permeable.

PROPOSED SECTION

QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET 2040 LANDSCAPE STUDIO 3: URBAN OPEN SPACE SCHEMATIC MAPPING

01

MAIN ACCESS POINTS

02

CIRCULATION

03

ACTIVITY NODES AND PASSIVE ZONE

04

05

SYNTHESIS

TOPOGRAPHY

PHYSICAL MODEL

Before this final model, two other site models were done to study site topography in scale 1:1000 and 1:250, both of which are extremely helpful for me to think ‘3D’ about the site and finally determine the topography manipulation (as seen in section). The final model, unfortunately, was left unfinished as I continued to refine my ideas. However, from this model I was able to figure out some design flaws which need to be reconsidered, especially the scale of each garden cell that can accomodate several functions rather than just being a treatment garden. This detailing has been reflected in my final plan.

PROPOSED SECTION SCALE 1:250

WATER INSTITUTE | 03

‘When we play we take enough risk that we can actually invent something new. When we risk enough we learn and

make this new knowledge own own’ - DARTTNER (1969)

N

DESIGN PLAN SCALE 1:250

PROGRAMME WATER INSTITUTE ‘Water institute’s is a proposed hardscape structure. This will be the centre for showcasing the importance of water and also functions as an event space.

GARDEN CELL Four Garden Cells are designed to function as a ‘water biotreatment train’, treating runoff from QVM sheds as well as stormwater collected from other higher places (Flagstaff, refer master plan to locate underground cistern). Details of typical cell are as below.

PLAYGROUND Treated water filtered by Garden Cell will be used for nearby playground. However, to ensure hygiene for human direct contact with water, extra filters and other treatments are used before proceeding to playgrounds.

OPEN PLAZA This space is large paved area functioning as a central plaza, where public events can be held and can accomodate large number of people at one time.

VISITNG CENTRE/ ATM/TOITLETS As outlined in QVM Renewal Plan, ATM and public toilets areas are to be relocated after the exising ones being demolished. Hence, a open pavilion consisting of visiting cente, atm, public toitlets and sheltered sitting place are integrated to reponse to the new design.

AMPHITHEATRE The Market Cross is considered one of the most promising hotspot on site. Thus, square is extended to spill out and connect to this vast open space.

This space can be used for informal street arts and performances during market days.

DISTRIBUTED STORMWATER CATCHMENTS While Garden Cells functions as a treatment train, a network of stormwater catchments including rainardens and iron grate (with low vegetation underneath) are strategically distributed along contour line to best reduce run off volume in the extreme storm event. Water infiltrated can be recycled in public toilets.

QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET 2040 LANDSCAPE STUDIO 3: URBAN OPEN SPACE

PLANTING PALLETE

(ADAPTED FROM MELBOURNE WATER, 2016)

Kangaroo Paw Anigozanthos species

Fishbone Water-fern Blechnum nudum

Milky Beauty-Heads Calocephalus lacteus

Tall Sedge Carex appressa

TYPICAL

GARDEN CELL PLAN

Pigface

Carpobrotus modestus

SCALE: 1:100

Milky Beauty-Heads Calocephalus lacteus

04 | LANDSCAPE DETAILS REFERENCE LIST

ACCESSIBILITY

City of Melbourne (2012). City North Structure Plan: Planning for Future Growth. Accessed June 6th, 2016.

City of Melbourne (2015). Queen Victoria Market Precinct Renewal Plan. Accessed June 6th, 2016.

Dattner, R. (1969). Design for play. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. [1969].

Melbourne Water (2016). Building an inground raingarden. Accessed June 6th, 2016.

VISITING CENTRE EXISTING FRANKLIN ST QVM BUILDINGS

GARDEN CELL WATER PLAY SCUPTURE

WATER INSTITUTE

05 | PERSPECTIVES Take thought, when your are speaking of

water, that you first recount your experience, and only afterwards your reflection -

-Leonardo da Vinci

WATER PLAY SCUPTURE

SITTING AREA

GRATE DETAIL

VISITING CENTRE ACCESS POINT

A SOUTHERN GATE

STORMWATER RUNOFF ABPL30042 LANDSCAPE STUDIO 3 - URBAN OPEN SPACE INSTRUCTOR: YAN ZHAO STUDENT: THI KHANH HOA PHAN 705931 2016 - THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE