High Point University Lighted Lamp 2020

The FA LL 2020

Dr. Dennis Carroll

PROVOST AND VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS (2005-2020) www.highpoint.edu

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The

EDITORIAL TEAM:

HIGH POINT UNIVERSITY CHIEF ACADEMIC OFFICERS:

Dr. Robert Moses, Chief Editor, College of Arts and Sciences

Dr. Nido R. Qubein, President

Dr. John Turpin, School of Art and Design; Dr. Tom Albritton, School of Education; Dr. Cynthia Hanson, School of Business; Dr. Alexis Wright, School of Health Sciences; Dr. Sarah Vaala, School of Communication; Dr. Pamela Lundin, School of Natural Sciences; Dr. Robert Coover, School of Pharmacy; Dr. Lloyd Williams, School of Engineering

Dr. Daniel Erb, Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs

Assistance provided by Jenny Erdmann, Library Staff

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The mission of High Point University is to deliver educational experiences that enlighten, challenge and prepare students to lead lives of significance in complex global communities.

Dr. Angela Bauer, Vice President for Academic Affairs Deans: Dr. Jim Wehrley, School of Business; Dr. John Turpin, School of Art and Design; Dr. Virginia McDermott, School of Communication; Dr. Michael Oudshoorn, School of Engineering; Dr. Ken Elston, College of Arts and Sciences (Interim); Dr. Earle “Buddy” Lingle, School of Pharmacy; Dr. Kevin Ford, School of Health Sciences (Interim); Dr. Brett Woods, School of Health Sciences (Interim); Dr. Amy Holcombe, School of Education (Interim) The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S

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Tributes to Dr. Dennis Carroll

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The Dean’s Corner

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#NeverthelessShePreached: Women’s Preaching and Religious Authority

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Science Education in Context: Contextualizing Science Practices to Prepare Students for the Future

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HPU’s New BEACON Lab: The Future of Applied Biometrics Research

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Breaking Bad Bugs with Repurposed Drugs

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Name, Rank & Cereal Number: Communication Faculty Blend Teaching, Research and Food Policy

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A Selection of Faculty Scholarly Works

www.highpoint.edu

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Tributes

TO DR. DENNIS CARROLL

Dr. Daniel Erb School of Health Sciences Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs

When I reflect on the past nine years in which

me as we created and traversed new territories

I have known Dr. Carroll the one word that

for HPU and our students. This was most helpful

continually comes to mind is “caring.” No matter

as we developed the Congdon School of Health

what the circumstances, no matter the personality

Sciences and initiated, transitioned and/or

or character of the individual, Dr. Carroll is always

revised programs in the Departments of Athletic

concerned about their well-being and whether

Training, Exercise Science, Physical Therapy,

decisions are made fairly and to the benefit of

Physician Assistant Studies and the proposed

all concerned. After my arrival at High Point

nursing program, as well as programs such as

University, I realized early on that Dr. Carroll

Employee Wellness and the Willed Body Program.

cares deeply about connecting with faculty, staff

As a result of the attributes above, we were able

and students. After all, he is a man who has cared

to capitalize on and create opportunities and

enough to learn the name of every faculty and staff

overcome challenges for the benefit of students,

member with whom he works and remembers the

faculty and staff.

names of students with whom he regularly meets.

Frequently, he not only knows your name but also information about your family, where you were before coming to HPU and the path that brought you to become a member of the HPU family.

This certainly makes a newcomer on campus feel welcome.

Because of the efforts of Dr. Carroll, many Health Sciences students have joined the HPU family of clinicians, researchers and educators who contribute to the care of the sick and the advancement of science for the greater good.

Thank you for all you have done. ❧

I appreciate the care, patience, understanding and wisdom Dr. Carroll has shown and shared with 4

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Dr. Angela Bauer School of Natural Sciences Vice President for Academic Affairs

As faculty in the Wanek School of Natural

the value and mission of undergraduate research,

provost, Dr. Dennis Carroll, we can’t help but

help students to deeply learn their disciplinary

both for the manner in which research experiences

Sciences contemplate the retirement of our

reflect on the indelible mark his leadership has left on our natural science programs here at High Point University (HPU). Thanks to his studentcentered approach to decision-making, his commitment to providing high-impact learning experiences that propel our students to success upon graduation from our institution, his “sixth sense” in the selection of faculty and chairs for our programs who are committed to student success and his endless words of encouragement, our natural science programs have grown exponentially, warranting the establishment of a

subject matter and for the numerous ways in which they facilitate their professional success once they graduate from our institution. To fulfill his vision, he worked diligently to establish sources of financial support for students to attend professional conferences and competitions; he supported the establishment of an Office of Undergraduate Research and Creative Works on our campus; and he played a key leadership role in the founding of a summer-long intensive research experience for natural science majors (the Summer Research Program in the Sciences, or SuRPS)

separate school of natural sciences in June of 2019.

that has led to remarkable professional outcomes

Hallmark events in the natural sciences that

graduation (such as entrance into top tier Ph.D. and

occurred during his leadership include the following: the establishment of three new majors (biochemistry, neuroscience and physics), and enrollment increases exceeding 70% in the case of some existing majors; significant growth in the number of faculty in the natural sciences, many of whom are nationally recognized for their teaching and scholarship (with funding from prestigious sources, including the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health and

for many of our natural science majors upon M.D. programs and positions with noteworthy biotech and pharmaceutical companies).

As a result of Dr. Carroll’s vision, a remarkable commitment to undergraduate research is now in the DNA of HPU. It is a pillar of HPU’s academic success; it is highly valued, marketed, recognized, celebrated and financially supported. For this — and for the many other ways in which his leadership encouraged and inspired us, and for the numerous times in which

National Aeronautics and Space Administration); and, most notably, significant growth in the number of undergraduate research experiences

As a result of Dr. Carroll’s vision, a remarkable commitment to undergraduate research is now in the DNA of HPU.

he celebrated our successes — we are so honored to have worked and learned from Dr. Carroll. As he retires from our institution, we wish him much

provided to natural science majors.

It is this last facet of his leadership — Dr. Carroll’s vision for and support of undergraduate research — that is likely to be viewed as his defining success

happiness and contentment and a profound sense of accomplishment for all that he has contributed to our programs. ❧

during his time as provost. Dr. Carroll believes in

www.highpoint.edu

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Dr. Jim Wehrley School of Business

What would a former English teacher, Dean

negotiation, communication and problem solving,

with the Business School? As it turns out, a LOT—

education. Dr. Carroll instantly grasped the benefit

of Education and now Provost have in common specifically, Dr. Dennis Carroll encourages a core mission of helping college students focus on developing the skills and attributes necessary to a

of a sales program even though at the time sales programs were rare. As a result, the Harris Sales Education Center and a sales major

fulfilling life.

were created.

A thorough study of Dr. Carroll and his

The third phase of our journey was the

motivations reveals his uncompromising love of people. He has supported the vision of the Phillips School of Business (PSB) in developing a dynamic mix of faculty, which includes not only strong academics but business practitioners who possess practical wisdom and decades of experience. This dynamic mix is responsible for the growth and

development of a sequencing of career education courses from the freshman to the junior years. Visits each week from a panel of career professionals in a specific field open the imaginations of first-year students to different career pathways. The sophomore-level course focuses students on professionalism, career

success of the PSB.

exploration and discovery of opportunities to

And what explosive growth it has been! The

the skillsets needed to find an internship or a first

number of traditional undergraduate business students has more than quadrupled from approximately 320 students to over 1,370 under Dr. Carroll’s term.

differentiate themselves. The final course develops position out of college. This bundle of courses, combined with two dedicated business school career advisors, provides the resources students need to develop their pathways.

Dr. Carroll’s journey with the PSB began with development of an academic program focused on the entrepreneurial mindset, hence, the Belk Center for Entrepreneurship and an entrepreneurship major were born. This mindset comprises key tenets of the liberal arts education: the abilities to think critically and to solve problems. The entrepreneurship proposal was not a stretch for Dr. Carroll. He immediately recognized the value of this program and its consistency with the new entrepreneurial spirit of

Dr. Carroll’s willingness to consider innovative ideas were powerful strengths in the development of new initiatives. He listened first and followed up with laser-focused questions to sharpen the programs. His natural empathy allowed him to see beyond traditional requirements and concentrate efforts on developing the qualities students need to become competitive.

Dr. Carroll continually supported the creation of a thriving business school to develop life skills in

High Point University.

high demand in the business world. As Dr. Carroll

The next stage of our journey involved the

innovation as the business school considers health

development of an academic sales program.

Fundamentals of sales include persuasion,

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additional disciplines foundational to a liberal arts

completes his last year, he continues to encourage care management programs and the further integration of analytics. ❧

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Dr. John Turpin School of Art and Design

The School of Art and Design has blossomed in

Architecture International Conference in

Dr. Dennis Carroll. The necessary scaffolding to

“The Flex-Nest: The ADU as Adaptable Housing

its first decade due to the support of our Provost, assure quality research and creative endeavors requires time, funding and an awareness of the many forms of scholarship. He has supported our faculty when they requested the all-important sabbaticals. At a time when many academics are seeing a reduction in travel funds, our Provost has continued to champion increased funds to

Pamplona, Spain, by Ms. Benita VanWinkle; for the Life Span” by Dr. Jane Nichols published in Interiors: Design, Architecture, Culture; “Arrangement with Three Eggs” by Mr. Scott Raynor, rated as a semifinalist in the Sunny Art Centre International Art Prize, London, U.K.; and “jetsam” by Mr. Mark Brown exhibited at the Kochi International Triennial Exhibition of Prints

support professional development. Perhaps most

in Kochi-ken, Japan.

significantly, Dr. Carroll understood the value of

Through these endeavors faculty have improved

creative works and helped assure that they were respected and received the appropriate recognition during the tenure and promotion process. As a result of this support, faculty have disseminated research in fashion merchandising, graphic design, interior design and visual merchandising design.

Creative works included ceramics, painting, photography and sculpture. They have exhibited works in North America, Europe and Asia, and they have presented at professional conferences

the educational experience of our students. They are practicing artists who bring their experiences into the classroom. They are researchers who integrate the latest information into their class discussions and assignments. We all benefit when faculty research and creative programs are supported. But this can only be achieved when the faculty are motivated and the administration is supportive — a delicate symbiotic relationship.

both nationally and internationally, assisting in the

On behalf of the faculty and staff of the School of

development of their national reputations. Some

Art and Design, I extend a heartfelt thank you to

highlights include: “Is it Art or is it Documentary?”

Dr. Carroll for all that he has done for us during

presented at the Inter-Photography and

his tenure as Provost at High Point University. ❧

Dr. Carroll and an HPU student talking on campus. www.highpoint.edu

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Dr. Virginia McDermott School of Communication

How do you convince a university to add a major

I went to Dr. Carroll with an idea, his response

in game design? Social media? What if you want

was always “tell me more.” This approach creates

to have an esports arena? Move expensive editing

excitement and encourages innovation. It is part of

computers into hallways so that students walking

why HPU has been so successful.

by could use them? Send faculty to Thailand to present their research? Provide students the opportunity to work on a children’s media research project for the Sesame Street foundation?

Perhaps the best example of how Dr. Carroll evaluates academic initiatives is his commitment to the esports arena. Now, Dr. Carroll admits that he doesn’t really “get” esports. His initial

Well, if you’re lucky enough to work with Dr.

reaction to the proposal was: “So, people watch

Dennis Carroll, you can turn all of these ideas

other people play video games? And they pay to do

quickly into reality. The Nido R. Qubein School of

this?” But what he does understand is how space

Communication (NQSC) was established in 2008,

conveys value and that this space sends a message

and we would not have grown to 10 majors and

to students that we support what is important

800+ students without Dr. Carroll’s ability to see

to them. He immediately saw how this initiative

possibilities and support creative endeavors.

could benefit curriculum in majors like game

Dr. Carroll is always willing to talk about a new initiative and to evaluate the benefits to the students and larger community. His leadership style is invitational, and he creates a space for faculty to share ideas. Each time Wilfred Tremblay, the founding dean of the NQSC, or

design, sports media and sports management.

And because of his dedication to best practices in student learning, Dr. Carroll supported the NQSC transforming a large instructional area into three spaces that included a dedicated esports arena.

And if one wonders whether Dr. Carroll’s support of an esports arena has paid off, then one only has to look at the numbers. Last year, there were 13 students involved in the esports club. The esports arena opened six months ago. As of spring 2020, there are now approximately 90 students involved in esports.

I will miss Dr. Carroll. I will miss conversing with him on potential new programs — and revisions to current programs. I will miss his constant encouragement and his dedication to innovation and student learning. But, most of all, I will miss his mentorship and leadership, which allowed us to grow and expand the NQSC to what it is today. ❧

Dr. Dennis Carroll and HPU President Dr. Nido R. Qubein sharing a joyful moment at a High Point University Commencement ceremony.

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Dr. Michael Oudshoorn School of Engineering

Dr. Carroll has been a faculty member and

administrator at HPU for many years. I, on the other hand, have been at HPU for only the past 24 months. However, over that relatively brief time, Dr. Carroll has shown himself to be a kind, caring, thoughtful and considered academic leader.

He is genuinely interested in each of the academic schools and colleges that report to him and the faculty and staff within those academic disciplines.

Even though engineering and computer science are not his areas of expertise, he is able to see how these disciplines fit within the fabric of a liberal arts education and he is incredibly supportive in helping these disciplines succeed.

Dr. Dennis Carroll in his Roberts Hall office

A few months ago, I had the pleasure of traveling

to learn that the engineering profession also

to a conference with Dr. Carroll. The conference

believes in the liberal arts and that the vision that

was on accreditation of engineering and computer

he and the president have mapped out for HPU

science programs and Dr. Carroll was there to

was indeed the path that the professional body and

learn what was necessary to seek accreditation.

employers wanted.

He learned a great deal about the process, but I think he left even more sure that engineering was a good choice for HPU – the entire theme of the meeting was liberal arts and its relationship to engineering. Everything we do at HPU, everything that Dr. Carroll does to preserve our liberal arts background, and everything he does to promote liberal arts to prospective students was reaffirmed at the conference as being absolutely necessary for the success of the professions and for engineering in particular. I believe Dr. Carroll left that meeting even more committed to the professions and to liberal arts education.

Dr. Carroll’s focus, however, transcends the disciplines. He is interested in the individual faculty members that make up each department.

He enquires after the health of faculty who may have been ill, about the heat and cooling in the building should the chiller or boiler need repair to ensure the building occupants are comfortable.

He remembers important little details to let faculty know he honestly is interested in their well-being.

He is a reminder to everyone that while managing a large complex organization it is crucial to remember what is truly important: the people who make things happen — the faculty, staff and the

It isn’t a surprise to any dean that Dr. Carroll

students of High Point University. We wish Dr.

would attend an engineering accreditation

Carroll all the very best in his retirement. He will

conference. He is a diligent provost who wants

be missed. ❧

to understand the disciplines that make up the academic schools and colleges. He encourages collaboration and cooperation. He was rewarded

www.highpoint.edu

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THE DEAN’S

Corner

Dr. Virginia McDermott Dean of the School of Communication

The Princeton Review recognized the Nido R.

exercise, managing a sports venue, planning a

Qubein School of Communication (NQSC) as a

corporate event, announcing an athletic event,

top program for communication professionals.

producing a broadcast or multimedia news story,

The NQSC is an engaged and interactive

developing the narrative arc of a video game or

community of more than 800 student scholars and

producing a video documentary, graduates of

producers in eight (soon to be ten) undergraduate

the NQSC prosper in an economy that values

majors and one (soon to be two) graduate degrees.

information, effective management of resources

The mission of the NQSC is to balance theory

and entertainment sharing.

and application courses in a multidisciplinary environment, enabling students and faculty to think, speak, write and produce strategic messages about a broad range of ideas and issues. The NQSC is committed to: (a) collaboration between students and faculty in and out of the classroom; (b) independent thought and critical thinking that produces ethically aware, historically informed and socially engaged citizens prepared for leadership in the global community; (c) culturally diverse teambased learning experiences; and (d) a universal right to creative expression.

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Communication is a discipline in which change is the norm, so the faculty must adapt to the constant change in tastes, trends and technology.

Our faculty, which includes Emmy and Fulbright winners, is extraordinarily active in their fields, traveling the world to research, produce and present their work. We pride ourselves in providing close interaction among students and faculty, small classes, and opportunities for undergraduate research and creative work.

Our students work as independent consultants or in teams to provide services for small and

The faculty and staff of the NQSC combine

large clients who want to reach audiences with

traditional liberal arts education with application

messages. Many of our classes offer students the

in the profession. We have created and refined

opportunity to conduct academic research, where

the curriculum and experiential opportunities

students sign up to work with a faculty member

to prepare students to become industry and

throughout the semester on his or her research

community leaders and engaged citizens. Whether

project and travel with them to conferences

it is developing a campaign to promote regular

related to creative works projects in areas such as

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

game design, video production and journalism.

News Channel, the Huffington Post, Madison

Undergraduate and graduate students also get

Square Garden and Make-a-Wish Foundation.

the opportunity to work on academic research

These communication skills have also helped

outside of the classroom. For example, five

students win seats at top-choice graduate schools,

communication students are currently working

such as the University of Southern California,

with a faculty member in strategic communication

the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill,

on a research project on behalf of the Joan Ganz

New York University and Boston University.

Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop. The NQSC students are encouraged to be part of real-world experiences as a way to prepare them for the job market. One example of this is the school’s Bateman team, which is one of more than 75 teams across the nation, where students research, organize and execute a public-relations campaign for a specific client assigned annually by the Public Relations Student Society of America.

The NQSC offers an ideal setting for integrating the practice and study of communication and experience management. There are few higher education institutions in the country with the comparable range and quality of the school’s facility or production equipment. The school, which was established in 2008, moved into a 60,000-square-foot building in 2009 and has continued to enjoy new additions and updated

Central to all our majors is the ability to write

equipment distributed throughout its classrooms

clearly and with purpose and to express oneself

and production facilities. In the summer of 2019,

in various other means to an audience. These

the school added two new spaces. The Miriam

skills have helped our students secure jobs and

and Steve Kimsey Game and Interactive Media

internships with Google, People Magazine, the

Lab was renovated and now houses three unique

NBA and WNBA, the Washington Team, Ogilvy

spaces for students: an esports arena, a design/

Mather, Chanel, MGM Resorts-Las Vegas,

makerspace, and a game and interactive media

MTV Networks, Discovery Channel, Animal

computer lab. The second space added is the

Planet, WCVB-Boston, ABC-New York, Fox

BEACON Lab, which is an acronym for Biometric

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Evaluation, Analytics, Cognitive Observation and Neuromarketing. Marketing and strategic communication students will learn to use the latest software to test consumer responses to advertisements, campaign messages, debate performances, and a variety of promotional and media messages.

The NQSC faculty’s public service activities are varied. They contribute time and energy to several local public service organizations in the community, ranging from the High Point Community Foundation to High Point Center for Children and Families, from the High Point

It is important that our students have familiarity

Food Alliance to the High Point Chamber of

with the latest technology, but it is just as

Commerce and from the YWCA to the Triad Area

important that they understand how humans

Film Commission.

communicate with each other in the most effective manner. Our program is proud to encourage the ethical and socially conscious involvement of students, never forgetting how individual creativity can interact with and enhance the broader social community. We encourage this through a variety of means. Our school has a number of professionals in residence,

As might be expected, one group that faculty have also connected with in the local area is the arts community. Faculty sit on the board of the High Point Arts Council and have provided assistance with marketing campaigns, have acted as judges and ambassadors for numerous film festivals, and have made presentations to aspiring film makers.

such as American sportswriter Bob Ryan, ABC

The value of a liberal arts education has been

news anchor Byron Pitts and CEO of the Dallas

questioned for the last few years, and numerous

Mavericks Cynt Marshall. Each semester these

articles and opinion pieces have been written

experts conduct media panels, visit classrooms

defending its tradition and place in the 21st

and give talks. Additionally, our students are also

century. A liberal arts education has been termed

learning how to communicate with the broader

a “pathway to intellectual freedom” and lauded for

community via our study abroad courses. We

“promoting freedom of thought, expression and

currently offer a gaming course where students

inquiry… necessary for developing an engaged

spend two weeks in Japan and a strategic

citizenry.” These are good arguments, but, to

communication course that allows students to

me, these arguments miss the most important

visit local businesses in Italy. These are valuable

element of a liberal arts education — it gives us

learning experiences that offer students the

a vocabulary. This vocabulary is enhanced by

opportunity to communicate with people from

studying different academic traditions and allows

diverse cultures and gain an understanding of

us to talk to people of different backgrounds and

other societies.

different perspectives. A commonality among

The NQSC embeds public service as a component in many of its courses. Much of the program’s curricular-based public service is affiliated with the university’s Service Learning Program, whose

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instruction toward real-world service.

the diverse majors in the NQSC is that they all provide students the tools to use this vocabulary to communicate clearly with others, an essential requirement for most employers nowadays.

mission is to “engage students in an experiential

In the communication discipline, we tell stories.

and interdisciplinary learning environment that

The stories might appear in newspaper articles,

promotes their understanding of and commitment

be woven into the promotional material of a new

to responsible civic leadership.” Faculty create

organization, experienced in the arc of a video

service learning courses that apply classroom

game or a planned event, or viewed in a film.

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But all of these stories are designed to connect

to diversity and real-world applications, we

us and that connection requires that we have the

strive to equip our students with the necessary

vocabulary to hear others and give voice to their

communication skills that can help them achieve

stories. To develop this vocabulary, we need to

extraordinary goals and interact with diverse

explore the history and literature of different

people across the globe using various means of

groups and different times. We need to know

communication. â?§

about science and music, business and art. A liberal arts education provides different intellectual lenses that allow us to view others’ worlds and experience others’ journeys.

Every day, our world gets smaller and more interconnected. With the ease of travel, the swift change in technology and the increased use of social media, communication across cultures is increasingly becoming the norm. The Nido R. Qubein School of Communication prepares our students to be better communicators in such a globally interconnected world. With our strong emphasis on technology, social media, written and spoken communication as well as our attention

www.highpoint.edu

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#NeverthelessShePreached: WOMEN’S PREACHING AND RELIGIOUS AUTHORIT Y Dr. Ashley Dreff Assistant Professor of Religion

If you’ve paid attention to social media

over the past two years, you may

have picked up on a newly prominent conversation regarding women’s religious authority — at least new, in terms of the “Twitter-sphere” as #ChurchToo, #NeverthelessShePreached and #NotGoingHome were top trending hashtags all seeking to support women preachers. As an American Religious Historian who focuses on the role of women, gender and sexuality within American constructs of Christianity, the question of women’s religious authority is not new to me. From Anne Hutchinson (1630s), to Jarena Lee (1810s), to Anna Howard Shaw (1910s) and to Beth Moore (2019), women’s authority to preach has been consistently and constantly questioned throughout American history.

(It should be noted that this conversation extends beyond American Christianities to encompass all of Christian history and is not limited to the Christian faith.)

Preaching for the purposes of this article (and my research at large) is defined as speaking with religious authority or interpreting theological texts aloud to groups of people; it is not limited to only those who are ordained or 14

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licensed. I also use the term “women preachers,”

employment). Furthermore, The UMC has a very

as opposed to female preachers, to clarify that this

specific process for making a complaint against

question involves those whose gender identity

another clergyperson or against a layperson

is “woman.” From my research, I’ve come to the

when misconduct occurs. Victims are to report

conclusion that when women’s authority to preach

misconduct to their district superintendents who

is questioned there tend to be three responses:

assess the matter and determine necessary action.

the woman is banished or relocated from her community; the woman is allowed to preach but only in an informal sense, i.e. without formal ordination or license; or the woman is harassed, abused or assaulted for her preaching. These three responses are consistent throughout American history and within contemporary society as is evident from an analysis of historical women’s diaries and contemporary social media campaigns.

When it comes to the abuse of women preachers within The UMC, more often than not, the abuser is a lay person. According to a 2017 survey of sexual misconduct in The UMC, 52.5% of respondents reported that the perpetrator was a “local church member.” The reporting process gets rather complicated when it comes to filing an official complaint against a layperson because there is no way to hold a lay person accountable for

One of the first women in the American context

their actions within The UMC. For example, lay

to have her preaching questioned was Anne

persons cannot be excommunicated or forced out

Hutchinson. In the 1630s, Anne Hutchinson

of a congregation. In the history of the Methodist

hosted “unauthorized” religious gatherings where

tradition in America no layperson has been

she offered her own theological interpretations of

put on trial for any form of misconduct, sexual

the week’s sermon. Seen as a religious dissenter

or otherwise. When misconduct occurs, most

within the strictly conformist Puritan society of

women preachers ignore the misconduct (47.5%

Massachusetts Bay, Hutchinson was put on trial

of women respondents) or avoid the person

for daring to speak against traditional Puritan

(55.3% of respondents) out of fear that directly

interpretations of theology and for doing so as

addressing or reporting the misconduct will lead

a woman. For her actions, Hutchinson and her

to their own removal from the congregations,

followers were banished from the colony.

and thus negatively affect their professional

Today women preachers are moved or removed from situations where their physical embodiment has caused theological tension within a congregation. In congregations across the U.S., women preachers report being victims of sexual misconduct (verbal or physical harassment, abuse or assault) by either fellow clergy or laymen.

When misconduct is reported, one of the ways that it is addressed is by moving women preachers to a new congregation instead of addressing the

growth within the denomination. If there is not accountability for laypersons, then many district superintendents seek to remedy the misconduct by removing the victim from the harm and placing women preachers in a new congregation. This is not a remedy; instead, repeatedly removing women ignores the underlying theological issues which lead people to conclude that women are not authorized to preach. They, like Anne Hutchinson, are banished.

underlying cause of misconduct. The United

However, not all women preachers are banished

Methodist Church (The UMC) is an interesting

for preaching. Some are allowed to preach, but in

case study for this because bishops and district

less official means than their male counterparts,

superintendents assign clergy to congregations

i.e. without ordination and/or license. In 1811,

(as opposed to clergy finding their own

Jarena Lee, a free African American woman living

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in the North, heard a voice saying, “GO preach

SBC, a debate fueled by Pastor John MacArthur’s

the Gospel!” She replied, “No one will believe

comments in the fall of 2019. MacArthur is a

me.” But the same voice said, “Preach the gospel! I

preacher within the SBC who claimed that by

will put words in your mouth, and will turn your

letting Moore speak in public with a sense of

enemies to become your friends.” Key to women

religious authority the SBC had “given up biblical

asserting the right to preach early on in American

authority” by taking a “headlong plunge” towards

history was their passiveness. They claimed that it

the ordination of women. Asked what two words

wasn’t them doing the speaking, it was something

most quickly came to his mind when he heard the

working through them, using their body to speak.

name Beth Moore, MacArthur responded, “Go

Lee here wasn’t claiming religious authority; she

home.”

was claiming to be a vessel for God or the Holy Spirit. In fact, the standard belief of Lee’s time was that women were more passive than men, and thus Lee was able to argue that she was actually a better avenue than a man for the Holy Spirit to work through for how could she resist the power of the Holy Spirit? Her second call to preach came while she was at church, sitting and listening to a sermon being delivered by a male preacher.

Suddenly, she was standing. She interrupted the minister, speaking over him to provide her own interpretation of that morning’s scripture, believing her version to be a more apt one. Bishop Allen happened to be sitting in the congregation,

to a Twitter and social media campaign largely run by women pastors and their allies who used the hashtag #NotGoingHome to show that women’s proper place is in the pulpit and not in the home. Accompanied with the hashtag were various representations of women following their calls, videos of women preaching, testimonies of women’s contributions to local ministries and scriptural references. A swarm of support for women clergy overtook social media. Ordained or not, licensed or not, disparaged or not, women continue to preach.

and he witnessed this exchange. He felt compelled

Despite the unfair and sexist ramifications of

to support her testimony. When asked what

either being removed from your congregation or

he was going to do about this woman who dared to preach, he simply responded, “nothing is impossible with

“You do a good job but I think scripture is more meaningful when read with a male voice.”

not given ordination/license for your call, many women preachers face physical or verbal harassment, assault

God.” With Bishop Allen’s permission, Lee was

or abuse for preaching while inhabiting a woman’s

allowed to preach but never officially licensed

body. Around 1914, Rev. Anna Howard Shaw,

or ordained.

one of the first women ordained in the Methodist

In the fall of 2019, a similar situation arose within the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC). The SBC does not officially ordain women to preach, believing it to be anti-scriptural. However, Beth Moore has become a prominent speaker within the denomination whose words skirt the line between preaching and not preaching. Her speaking with religious authority has rekindled the debate regarding women’s religious authority within the

16

This disparagement of Moore immediately led

tradition (via the Methodist Protestant Church) recorded verbal harassment in her diary. While giving a lecture in Chautauqua, a local male minister “deplored [her] fashion” for “wearing [her] hair short.” He asked her why she continued to wear her hair short as this went against what most “respectable” women did. He went so far as to guess that she “had been ill and that [her] hair has fallen out.” Shaw responded in her delightfully witty manner, “I will admit frankly that it is a

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

birth mark. I was born with short hair.” Unafraid

• If more men would step up and do what God was

to counter the sexist remarks of a male minister,

calling them to do, we wouldn’t need the weaker

Shaw refuted his critique with charming wit. Shaw

sex to preach.

knew 150 years ago that women who wanted to be

• I’ve never met one of you. Is this something you

in the public eye were often expected to conform

felt God calling you to do or something that you

to certain standards (especially of beauty) while

just wanted to do (wink)?

seeking to undo other hegemonic femininity standards which questioned her authority to preach.

• You do a good job but I think scripture is more meaningful when read with a male voice.

• This is a big job for you.

More recently, within The UMC, a video

The sexist assumption underlying these comments

produced by the North Carolina Annual

is that a womanly embodiment is somehow

Conference’s Commission on the Status and

counter to religious authority or a distraction from

Role of Women exhibited similar comments that

the Word of God. This is the issue that churches

women preachers face daily. The video invited

across the globe, across denominations and across

male clergy to read aloud never-before-seen quotes

faiths need to address in order to prevent further

that had been said directly to women preachers

harm of women who preach.

by laymen. The video immediately went viral in the Methodist-virtual world accompanied by #ChurchToo, a hashtag developed in response to #MeToo that was meant to show that abuse happens in church settings as well. Some of

the comments made by laymen sexualized women’s bodies:

• I can’t concentrate on your sermon because you’re so pretty.

• Well, you don’t pray as well as the former pastor, but you sure are prettier.

In fact, this is a consistent theme to questioning women’s religious authority in general: men (and some fellow women) have a hard time reconciling a womanly embodiment with authority. Scripture is often referenced as the basis for why women do not have the authority to preach (1 Cor. 14: 34-36, 1 Tim. 2: 11-15), but there are just as many stories of women preaching throughout scripture as well (Phoebe, Rom 16:1-2; Junia, Rom 16:7; Nympha, Col 4:15; Mary, John 20: 17-18). To reiterate that the defense of women preaching is not a new

• I keep picturing you naked under your robe.

phenomenon either, we can turn to the words of

• When you’re serving communion, it’s hard for

Jarena Lee:

me to concentrate when you say “This is my body given for you.” I think about your body, not Jesus’s body.

• I usually don’t say this to a minister but you’re really cute.

Others questioned their authority or ability to preach:

• You’re going to hell; you know? God doesn’t permit women to preach. It’s in the Bible.

O how careful ought we to be, lest through our by-laws of church government and discipline, we bring into disrepute even the word of life. For as unseemly as it may appear now-a-days for a woman to preach, it should be remembered that nothing is impossible with God. And why should it be thought impossible, heterodox, or improper for a woman to preach? (sic) seeing the Saviour died for the woman as well as for the man.

• When you walked in for the introductory visit,

If the man may preach, because the Saviour died

we thought you were the pastor’s wife, and we

for him, why not the woman? seeing he died for

kept looking for the pastor.

her also. Is he not a whole Saviour, instead of a half

www.highpoint.edu

17

one? as those who hold it wrong for a woman to

coming forward, detailing harrowing stories

preach, would seem to make it appear.

of sexual harassment, assault and abuse in the

Did not Mary first preach the risen Saviour, and is not the doctrine of the resurrection the very climax of Christianity - hangs not all our hope on this, as argued by St Paul? Then did not Mary, a woman, preach the gospel? for she preached the resurrection of the crucified son of God.

Wednesday, we were on Time, Bustle, Vox, Ebony and a dozen other sites.” Alongside #MeToo, #ChurchToo showcased women’s testimonies, calling out religious settings for perpetuating violence. My personal exposure to #ChurchToo as a viral sensation was through its association with

How careful ought we be, indeed, when we

The UMC video discussed above. Alongside this

allow the restrictions of an institution to prevent

video, women preachers shared stories of their

someone from following a call. How careful ought

verbal or physical harassment, abuse and assault,

we be to allow societal constructions that prioritize

all accompanied with #ChurchToo.

hegemonic masculinity over the work of God in us. Within the Christian faith, women have always been called to preach; it’s the human-mandated structures which have prevented them from doing so.

#NeverthelessShePreached might sound familiar to some as it was born from a political moment.

In February 2017, Senator Elizabeth Warren, a United Methodist, spoke from the floor of the

Social media has transformed this conversation,

United States Senate against the nomination of,

making a dialogue that was once only written

then, Senator Jeff Sessions (also United Methodist)

within the confines of women’s diaries visible

to the position of Attorney General of the United

to the public at large. Through hashtags such as

States. During her speech against his nomination,

#ChurchToo, #NeverthelessShePreached and

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell invoked

#NotGoingHome, women preachers and their

a rare and largely unused rule which said that

allies have found new ways to engage with each

one senator cannot disparage another from the

other, to share their own testimonies and to

floor of the Senate. Senator Warren at the time

support one another.

was reading a letter from Coretta Scott King

#ChurchToo was one of the first hashtags to begin the conversation surrounding women’s authority to preach in recent years. In November 2017, a few days after Alyssa Milano’s first retweeted #MeToo, Emily Joy, a spoken word poet, yoga teacher and “embodied justice enthusiast” from Nashville, Tennessee, took to Twitter to share her story of abuse. Unlike other #MeToo testimonies that largely targeted Hollywood and Washington D.C., Emily’s testimony spoke of abuse within the church. When she shared her story of abuse at the hands of religious authorities, others joined in and shared theirs, and thus #ChurchToo was born. Within 24 hours, the hashtag was tweeted thousands of times. Emily stated, “Victims from all over the country and all over the world were 18

church, some of them even naming names. By

which detailed Senator’s Sessions racist remarks, actions and rulings. Seeking to quiet her, Senator McConnell attempted to justify his ruling by stating, “Sen. Warren was giving a lengthy speech…. She had appeared to violate the rule.

She was warned. She was given an explanation.

Nevertheless, she persisted.” Nevertheless, she persisted. That final sentence prompted a new catchphrase for women everywhere. Women took to social media to post various photos and memes of famous women throughout history who, despite being told to sit down and shut up by men, persisted. Photos of suffragettes, of Rosa Parks, of Harriett Tubman, of Ruby Bridges and even of Star Wars icon Princess Leia were accompanied with the hashtag #NeverthelessShePersisted.

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

By the end of 2017, the hashtag was appropriated by women preachers as #NeverthelessShePreached.

This iteration of the hashtag began largely with Baptist women in response to a lecture given by a religious leader who was opposed to women in ministry. It, too, morphed into a social media campaign and resulted in the creation of a twoday conference (now held every year in the fall) which highlights the work, ministry and sermons of women and queer preachers. I came across this version of the hashtag, again, in the United Methodist world after two amendments to The United Methodist Church’s constitution, which would have more overtly proclaimed women’s equality to men within the denomination, failed in the summer of 2018.

While the conversation is not new, the platform certainly is. The use of social media and its ability to tag people and to track conversations using hashtags has changed how historians examine social movements. Now, we have available at our fingertips mass testimonies to certain experiences, thus forever changing how we understand, articulate and analyze social change. Historians can now more readily gather and connect personal stories today with the diaries, testimonies and stories of the past. Through this new method of analysis, historians can better analyze how certain messages persist throughout history and throughout faiths. â?§

www.highpoint.edu

19

Science Education in Context: CONTEXTUALIZING SCIENCE PRACTICES TO PREPARE STUDENTS FOR THE FUTURE Dr. Anne Leak Assistant Professor, Department of Educator Preparation, Stout School of Education

Since kindergarten (or possibly before),

I have loved asking the question “why?”

Why does the sun shine? Why do we

only see it during the day? Why do plants grow straight up? Why are rectangles considered both rectangles, polygons and squares? How did we develop this organization system in the first place?

I actually wrote a letter to a math professor in sixth grade about these last two questions. Luckily, I found the field of physics where everyone loves asking “why?” However, when it came time to start my senior thesis as a physics major at Gettysburg College, I was more interested in questions about why some people persist in physics and others leave than in questions about physics itself.

Are the reasons people persist in (or leave from) physics cultural? Are these trends similar in other countries? The questions I most cared about had more to do with science access and equity.

After graduating from Gettysburg, I took my questions abroad as a Fulbright Fellow to explore access to science and mathematics education in Cameroon,

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The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

West Africa. In my research there, I identified

how their cultural knowledge fits or conflicts

gatekeepers (both perceived and actual) that made

with that of scientific communities. In Kenya, I

it difficult for some students to persist in science

worked with Engineers without Borders to install

and mathematics education. I spent a year as a

groundwater pumps and rainwater catchment

participant-observer in an elementary and middle

systems. While a water system may bring clean

school. This allowed me to observe and interact

water to a community, my team and I found that

with students at key points in their education

the ways people use and maintain the system

before they were tracked into classes that would

often conflict with practices informed by germ

move them toward further study in science and

theory and recontaminate the water at the point

mathematics. In these observations (ethnographic

of use. On the other hand, we found that local

field notes) and interactions (ethnographic

water users who see the relevance of science in

interviews), I found that students were often

their lives make better decisions to reduce water

tracked based on mathematics test scores on two

contamination such as covering the tap or cleaning

key exams, one at the end of elementary school

the tap before filling containers with water. When

and one at the end of middle school. In classes

I completed my dissertation research, I explored

with 80 to 160 students, it was challenging for

ways in which young children were able to bring

students to learn the necessary concepts and skills

their experiences and ideas about the needs in

for these tests. As a supplement many boys had

their home and community into the classroom

private tutors in the afternoons, while most girls

as resources. For example, some students were

were expected to complete household chores

concerned with the high rates of cholera during

each day before studying. Girls also missed more

the rainy season and suggested testing the lake

school than boys once they reached puberty due to

water with different treatment options to figure

inadequate access to latrines and sanitary napkins

out what worked best. Their teacher and I used

at school. Furthermore, girls described specific

these interests to build a science curriculum, in

challenges they faced learning algebra while

this case designing experiments for students to test

expressing much more confidence in other areas

various water sources for indicator bacteria that

of mathematics such as geometry. Yet they felt that

they could grow, measure and visually compare.

algebra made up a large portion of their exams.

I then researched how students applied the science

Students (especially traditionally underserved

they learned in the classroom back into their home

students in STEM) having low affect for algebra

and communities. For example, once students

and perceiving it as a gatekeeper is similarly

learned about some of the ways germs spread, they

found in the United States even with different

made changes in their homes like designing and

school cultures related to health and sanitation,

building covers for the latrine. One interesting

testing and tracking. Through this research, I

finding is how much local needs contextualized the

became interested in such broader contexts around

science students learned and how important that

learning science and mathematics that influence

context was for students to feel connected with

students’ access and success.

science and find it relevant, making them more

Research on learning contexts at the intersection of science, engineering and society is a valuable juncture for solving complex STEM education and societal challenges. For learners around the world, the intersections of culture and science dictate how people position themselves as scientists and

likely to apply what they had learned. For example, students who were able to identify clear needs and interests to solve specific problems before learning were more likely to make immediate changes toward solving these problems using what they had learned.

www.highpoint.edu

21

Just as students around the world struggle to

efforts. We recently published our findings, which

transfer science learning from their classroom

show in part that students perceive innovation

to their home and community, undergraduate

as critical for doing physics, yet do not recognize

science majors often struggle to transfer science

the applications of physics to design and business

learning from their classes to their first careers.

and its impact on society. We have also applied

Some of my research zooms into the experiences

for additional funding to continue efforts in both

and perceptions of physics majors specifically.

context-rich curriculum development and research

Much like a liberal arts education generally,

on students’ perceptions of physics. Understanding

physics provides a general foundation about

students’ perspectives will ensure that students

how to think, but also equips students with a

receive an education and mindset that prepare

rich quantitative toolbox, an understanding of

them for their future STEM careers and may also

fundamental principles and a desire to understand

improve equity and access to STEM careers.

why and how things work. Physics majors pursue a diverse range of careers with their degree, and rarely are those jobs titled “Physicist.” American Institute of Physics data from classes of 2011-12 indicates that over 40% of bachelor’s recipients entered the workforce and did not attend a graduate or professional school, and some of the most common jobs for physics majors involved engineering, software development, data analysis, and research and technical jobs.

Because of the diverse career paths that physics majors can take, it is important that what they learn as an undergraduate is

students of all ages to apply their learning to solving problems in their own communities and in a variety of future careers. What I have learned so far has also influenced the way I teach future elementary teachers to teach science. First, I try to provide meaningful contexts for each science lesson that relates what we are learning to students’ interests, local needs and future careers.

Contextualizing science education can prepare students of all ages to apply their learning to solving problems in their own communities and in a variety of future careers.

For example, instead of just having students develop a conceptual model of the molecular interactions between water, soap and oil, I contextualize an

transferable to a variety of new contexts. Yet,

experiment to determine strategies for cleaning

in the NSF-funded PIPELINE project (award

up an oil spill off the coast or determine best

#1624882), we have found that students are

practices for hand washing to prevent the spread

typically unaware of the role that physics, and

of germs. Second, Dr. Shirley Disseler and I, with

their own learning, can play in industry and

support from Dean Mariann Tillery and the Stout

society. The PIPELINE project worked to address

School of Education, have designed a new STEM

these challenges by integrating opportunities

Innovation Lab that shows future teachers what

to learn innovation and entrepreneurship (via

their future classrooms could look like and helps

curriculum development, workshops, internships

them transition the hands-on science experiences

in industry and makerspaces among others)

they have as undergraduates to those they provide

into physics departments across the U.S. I have

their own students as future teachers.

interviewed and surveyed students and faculty to better understand perceptions, department culture and department change as part of these

22

Contextualizing science education can prepare

Some of the high-need schools in our local area have a teacher shortage and because of that, teachers without education, especially STEM

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

education, lack training. In the fall of 2018, High

have been working together as a department

Point University received a $4 million Teacher

to contextualize science education and make it

Quality Preparedness grant (TQP) awarded

transferable and meaningful to the PREPARE

by the U.S. Department of Education. The

Scholar’s students in high needs K-12 schools. I

Piedmont-Triad Residency Educator Program

am excited to continue my research on science

and Recruitment Efforts (PREPARE) grant is a

learning contexts here at High Point University.

partnership between High Point University, North

More importantly, I have the opportunity at

Carolina Agricultural and Technical University,

High Point to help teachers envision possible

and Guilford County Schools working together to

futures that they can create and help them

improve the number of quality teachers at highly

develop transferable skills they can use to

impacted schools in Guilford County in the areas

achieve those futures. â?§

of Elementary Education STEM and Secondary Mathematics. For these teacher residents, we

www.highpoint.edu

23

HPU’s New BEACON Lab: THE FUTURE OF APPLIED BIOMETRICS RESEARCH Dr. Larry Carter Professor of Marketing and Sales

Imagine a place where college students

can go to get hands-on experience

with the latest cutting-edge equipment that scientists use for neuromarketing research. Think of the possibilities for local businesses to collaborate with HPU students in order to solve their business challenges. Envision the opportunities that would become available for faculty to conduct biometric studies as well as mentor students in both undergraduate and graduate level biometric research. In 2019, High Point University turned these ideas into reality with the establishment of the new BEACON Lab in the School of Communication.

The acronym BEACON stands for Biometric Evaluation, Analytics, Cognitive Observation and Neuromarketing. The BEACON Lab was the brainchild of Larry Carter, professor of marketing and sales. Before joining HPU in 2017, Dr. Carter was an integral part of a team that created a successful neuromarketing lab at his previous university. He brought his expertise in, and enthusiasm for, neuromarketing to HPU, proposed his ideas to the HPU faculty and was awarded a Think Big grant in 2018 to establish a lab on campus. Dr. Carter was also able to acquire additional funding and 24

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

the lab became operational in 2019. It houses

as well as moments of fixation (i.e., when the

two rooms separated by a glass privacy wall. One

respondent is staring at an object). When used

area consists of a large meeting room that is well

with other biosensors such as GSR and facial

suited for focus group sessions and the other

expression analysis, eye tracking triangulates a

area is composed of the stations, work table and

respondent’s emotional reactions to the stimuli

equipment cabinets for biometric experimentation.

that is presented at the time of the response. The

The BEACON lab currently has one fully operational experimental station equipped with the following biometric sensors: EEG

data analysis can be performed at the individual respondent level or aggregated across many respondents for group analyses and comparisons.

(electroencephalography), GSR (galvanic skin

The BEACON Lab’s primary objective is to

response), ECG (electrocardiography), eye

provide HPU students with a unique opportunity

tracking and facial expression analysis. EEG

to learn about biometrics research and its

monitors electrical activity generated by the brain.

applicability towards solving challenges within

This is used to measure the amount of cognitive

business, communications and other areas of

workload incurred by the respondent when a

study. Neuromarketing (i.e., the use of biometrics

stimulus is presented. The EEG metrics are used to

to solve marketing issues) is the ideal solution for

investigate the amount of engagement, motivation

a diverse set of research approaches. For example,

or drowsiness experienced by the respondent.

studies in neuromarketing often assess consumer

While self-reported measures are typically used to

behavior and emotional reactions to various

assess these variables, they are often biased due to

advertising stimuli, such as print campaigns

limitations regarding the respondent’s memory or

and TV advertisements. It can gauge audience

elaborative skills. In contrast, EEG allows for the

reactions, compare these reactions across

direct measure of these variables in a nonintrusive

different campaigns and track the effectiveness

testing environment.

of small changes to improve reactions and

GSR monitors skin conductivity (i.e., sweat

promotional outcomes.

emission) to measure the amount of emotional

Biometrics are also used to gauge the overall

arousal expressed by the respondent when exposed

usability of a company’s website or to evaluate

to a stimulus. With GSR, any emotionally arousing

a customer’s online shopping experience to

content can be tested, including videos, images,

determine points of frustration. Even though the

tangible objects, odors and sounds. ECG tracks

BEACON Lab has only been operational for a few

changes in a respondent’s heart rate, and facial

short months, students at HPU are already getting

expression analysis categorizes a respondent’s

involved with the many opportunities that the lab

facial emotions based on landmarks, expressions or

has to offer them. Communication and business

valence. The software uses algorithms developed

courses are utilizing the lab to teach cutting-edge

from a depository of nearly seven million faces

research methods to students. For example, Dr.

analyzed in 87 countries. Therefore, it is very

Carter is now offering an undergraduate course

reliable in ascertaining facial expressions with

in marketing research for students to learn

a high degree of accuracy and relates these

both theory and application of various research

expressions to the following emotions: anger, joy,

methods. His students spend a considerable

disgust, fear, surprise, contempt and sadness.

amount of time in the BEACON lab. They are

Eye tracking is used to understand visual attention patterns and includes the path of the eye gaze

engaged in experiential learning through activities such as conducting mock focus group sessions

www.highpoint.edu

25

and participating in ongoing biometrics research

research study concerning the product packaging

studies. For mock focus group sessions, students

of nutritional consumables. This study provided

role play as either moderators or study participants

insight about the packaging preferences of health

to determine the best ways to facilitate meaningful

conscious consumers. In other words, the study

group conversations. For biometrics research,

was able to ascertain what combination of colors,

Dr. Carter utilizes a multifaceted approach to

key words and imagery elicits the most favorable

enhance student engagement. Initially, students

responses by the participants within the study,

learn about the theories of neuroscience through

which in turn increases the marketability of the

lecture and class discussion. In the lab, they

product as well as the likelihood of consumers

engage in hands-on learning by participating

purchasing the product. Through these research

as both subjects and lab technicians in a mock

opportunities and the expansion of courses that

research study. These activities allow the student

involve biometrics research, the BEACON Lab will

to experience neuromarketing research from

impact a significant number of students’ lives each

both sides of the study — as a researcher and as a

semester for many years to come.

participant in the study.

26

Since its inception, the BEACON lab has also

With regard to scholastic research opportunities,

experienced a growing interest from HPU faculty.

both graduate and undergraduate students are

Several faculty members from various disciplines

already conducting research within the lab. For

have expressed interest in utilizing the lab, either

example, HPU undergraduate Corbin Elliot (’20)

for research purposes or for course work. Dr.

worked in the lab to create and implement a

Carter has held numerous lab workshops over the

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

past several months that have been well attended

HPU as well as ignite positive relationships and

by faculty. In addition, several faculty and staff

networking opportunities for all.

members have attended the week-long training academy in Boston at the iMotions facility. iMotions is the company that supplies all of the hardware, software and technical support for the biometrics equipment in the BEACON Lab. Their software synchronizes all of the data input from the biometric sensors and provides real-time visualization and data analysis tools. During the week-long training event in Boston, attendees receive hands-on training with the equipment and software with individual attention from biometric experts.

The BEACON Lab has created the opportunity for faculty at HPU to introduce a new and unique method of pedagogy, one that provides strong advantages for students that transcends the traditional classroom experience. It adds value by giving students “hands-on� learning experiences when tackling real-world problems. It connects HPU students with local and regional businesses, providing students with networking opportunities while strengthening the bond between HPU and the local community. For faculty members, the BEACON Lab provides a unique venue for

With plans to add more experimental stations fully

cutting-edge research that is highly revered across

equipped with their own sets of biometric sensors,

various disciplinary fields of study. For High

the lab will be able to handle more research

Point University, the lab is yet another way to

projects, an increase in student participation and

set itself apart from other universities that have

more community involvement. Students will

not adopted biometrics research into their course

be able to work with local businesses to create

offerings. And as alluded to earlier, the local and

real research projects that provide real solutions

regional community benefit from having access

for these businesses. Collaborating with these

to biometrics research methods that are both

businesses will foster an immense amount of

cost-effective and useful in providing meaningful

goodwill between the local community and

solutions for their businesses. â?§

www.highpoint.edu

27

Breaking Bad Bugs WITH REPURPOSED DRUGS Dr. Meghan Blackledge

Dr. Heather Miller

Assistant Professor of Chemistry

Associate Professor of Chemistry

Approximately two out of every 100 people

Drs. Meghan Blackledge and Heather Miller, both

aureus). These bacterial organisms are becoming

working together to combat this serious threat.

carry MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus more common and are particularly bad for patients with implanted medical devices like catheters.

MRSA is a major health concern because it can outsmart most of the drug treatments that humans try to use to fight it. In fact, the Center for Disease Control calls MRSA a “serious threat� due to

its ability to grow even in the presence of many antibiotics.

28

professors in the department of chemistry, are Their collaboration capitalizes on their individual strengths and different scientific subdisciplines to discover novel methods to combat antibiotic resistance in MRSA. In the labs of Drs. Blackledge and Miller, first-year students through seniors are actively conducting this research. Strolling into the new Wanek School of Natural Sciences, one will find these students at the bench each day culturing

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

different strains of MRSA, synthesizing novel drug

that monitor their surroundings for antibiotics.

compounds and measuring the effectiveness of

When an antibiotic is detected, the receptors

these compounds at destroying bacteria. Through

send signals into the bacterial cell that turn on

these mentored research experiences, HPU

resistance genes and make proteins that help the

students are making novel discoveries, publishing

bacteria withstand the antibiotic or break down

the results in peer-reviewed journals and sharing

the antibiotic. If the antidepressants were working

their findings across the United States.

as Dr. Blackledge hypothesized, then MRSA treated with the antidepressants and antibiotics

Synergy as the Key to Combating Bacterial Infections

should not be able to turn on the necessary

Drs. Blackledge’s and Miller’s collaboration began in 2016. Dr. Blackledge had been approached by a colleague in biology, Patrick Viguiera. He found an antidepressant, amoxapine, that was able to make antibiotics more effective against MRSA. Dr. Blackledge and her student, Kyra Gillard ’18, were searching for FDA-approved compounds that could be effective at reversing antibiotic resistance in MRSA. They hypothesized that this approach, known as drug repurposing, would uncover novel functions for these drugs and could be used as a starting point to develop new therapeutics to target antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Drs. Blackledge and Gillard tested amoxapine and structurally related

resistance genes (Figure 1).

Common antibiotics, such as penicillin, are no longer effective treatments against resistant bacteria like MRSA because the bacteria have developed ways to evade the antibiotic or break it down. Antibiotics like penicillin function by inactivating enzymes that are necessary to build the bacteria’s cell wall, which is essential for bacterial growth and survival. Resistance to penicillin and related antibiotics, called β-lactams, is governed primarily by two proteins in MRSA: PBP2a and BlaZ. PBP2a is an enzyme that can still build the bacterial cell wall, albeit less efficiently than the natural enzyme, but cannot be inactivated by β-lactams. BlaZ is a β-lactamase enzyme that, in the presence of β-lactam antibiotics, is

antidepressants to elucidate the mechanism behind the observed effects on antibiotic activity.

The antidepressants did not kill the bacteria on their own, but they did restore the activity of antibiotics that the bacteria was normally resistant to. While the findings were interesting on their own, Dr. Blackledge wanted to understand how the antidepressants were working synergistically with the antibiotics in the bacteria. She hypothesized that the antidepressants were interfering with the bacteria’s ability to turn on the genes necessary to evade or break down the antibiotics, the so-called resistance genes. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are

released by the bacteria and designed to break apart and inactivate the β-lactams. Together, these two enzymes allow MRSA to breakdown the β-lactams with BlaZ and continue to grow and produce their cell wall in the presence of any remaining antibiotics using PBP2a. Dr. Blackledge hypothesized that when MRSA were co-treated with the antidepressants and a β-lactam antibiotic that levels of BlaZ and PBP2a genes would be reduced compared to treatment with β-lactam alone. This would show that the antidepressants were interfering with MRSA’s

similar to countries defending themselves from

resistance mechanisms.

missile attacks. Rather than shooting into the sky

In order to test her hypothesis, Dr. Blackledge

constantly, countries have monitoring systems that alert them to incoming attacks so that they can mount a defense. Similarly, bacteria have receptors

enlisted the help of her colleague Dr. Miller, an expert in molecular genetics. Dr. Miller has spent her career studying HIV gene expression and the

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29

human proteins that the virus co-opts to replicate

antidepressants but be more potent and have an

and infect more cells. When Dr. Blackledge

improved safety profile for use in patients. This

first approached her about working together to

led them to find loratadine, the active ingredient

look at MRSA resistance genes, Dr. Miller was

in the antihistamine Claritin. Loratadine has an

excited, but she had reservations, too, as this

exceptional safety profile in humans and was

joint collaboration would require her to work

even more active at suppressing gene expression

outside of her familiar field of human and viral

of PBP2a and BlaZ than the antidepressants had

gene expression. The collaboration has yielded

been. However, Drs. Blackledge and Miller had

some outstanding results. After a few tries to

a question that kept nagging them — were these

optimize conditions, Dr. Miller and her students

compounds directly affecting the expression of

were able to conduct the necessary experiments

two different genes at once, or was there some

that supported Dr. Blackledge’s hypothesis. Dr.

master regulator that was the real target of these

Miller and her students found that when MRSA

FDA drugs? They turned to the literature and

was treated with β-lactam antibiotics, the levels

found evidence that an enzyme, a kinase called

of PBP2a and BlaZ gene expression went up, as

Stk1, might be the master regulator that they were

expected. When MRSA were co-treated with the

looking for.

antidepressants and β-lactams, however, the gene expression levels of PBP2a and BlaZ were closer to levels seen in the absence of antibiotic. These results were incredibly exciting and the first sign that this project might be the start of a larger collaboration and research focus.

Stk1 senses changes in the bacterial cell wall through extracellular receptors and phosphorylates substrates that control downstream gene transcription, allowing the bacteria to turn necessary genes on or off in response to changes in the cell wall. In MRSA, Stk1 also controls genes

Encouraged by their positive results,

involved in antibiotic resistance, such as BlaZ.

Drs. Blackledge and Miller continued screening

Drs. Blackledge and Miller hypothesized that

FDA-approved compounds in an effort to

loratadine could be a novel inhibitor of Stk1. With

find drugs that would act similarly to the

the help of four dedicated undergraduate students,

Figure 1. Antibiotic resistance blockers work with antibiotics to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibioticresistant bacteria use enzymes to prevent being killed by antibiotics.

Resistance breaking compounds remove the protections of these resistance enzymes so that common antibiotics are effective again.

30

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

they showed that loratadine was interacting with

and have different specialties, but when taken

Stk1 and that this interaction prevented MRSA

together they are able to tackle scientific questions

from expressing BlaZ and PBP2a in the presence

that would not be possible to answer if they were

of β-lactam antibiotics (Figure 2). Interestingly,

working independently.

they were also able to use loratadine to show that inhibition of Stk1 could also reduce resistance to vancomycin, a powerful antibiotic that is frequently considered the drug of last resort for

Growing Resiliance and Life Skills in the Lab Through the last four years, Drs. Blackledge

patients with serious MRSA infections.

and Miller have grown their collaboration and

Since this finding, Drs. Blackledge and Miller are

simply would not have been possible if they were

continuing their studies into Stk1. Currently, Dr. Blackledge and her group are working to synthesize derivatives of loratadine and other small molecules that inhibit Stk1 to create more potent compounds that they can use in future studies or even be developed into new drugs. The Miller lab is using loratadine and other small molecules to investigate which genes are under the control of Stk1 and whether the genes that Stk1 controls are different across different strains of MRSA. Just as their research focuses on synergistic interactions between these Stk1 inhibitors and antibiotics to combat MRSA, Drs. Blackledge and Miller know that the success of their collaboration comes primarily from their synergy as researchers. They come from different subdisciplines of chemistry

taken these research projects in directions that working in isolation. To date, they have published two articles with undergraduate students*, filed HPU’s first patent and been awarded a prestigious grant from the National Institute of Health worth nearly $412,000. While hard work, tenacity and a little luck have certainly helped pave the way, the synergy between the two research groups is what truly defines the collaboration and drives the research. Even the physical space in which they work is collaborative, as these researchers have a large, open-concept molecular biology and biochemistry lab in the Wanek School of Natural Sciences. Modeling this collaborative spirit and blurring the lines between disciplines is a role that they do not take lightly.

Figure 2. Inhibiting Stk1 breaks β-lactam resistance in MRSA. (a) Stk1 (pink) binds to β-lactam antibiotics (green) and transfers a phosphate group (red star) to its substrates (purple). This leads to production of BlaZ (orange) and PBP2a (dark blue) which allow MRSA to break down and evade β-lactam antibiotics for survival. (b) Inhibition of Stk1 by our molecules (blue) prevents Stk1 from transferring a phosphate group to its substrates.

Thus, neither BlaZ nor PBP2a are made by the bacteria and β-lactam antibiotics are able to kill the bacteria. www.highpoint.edu

31

This synergy has also allowed them to collectively

Undergraduate Research’s vision, this scholarly

mentor 43 students in their research labs while at

activity not only contributes to the field but also

HPU. For mentees, they strive to demonstrate that

enhances instructional performance. Professors

scientists do not work isolated in ivory towers (or

are able to integrate findings from the lab and

dimly lit scary labs late at night, for that matter).

other related researchers’ labs into course materials

Rather, they brainstorm, grab coffee, draw out

to provide cutting-edge instruction and give

ideas on whiteboards, email and text each other

students a sense of the evolving nature of scientific

throughout the day in order to advance their

discovery. This is in contrast to a static, textbook-

work. Scientists travel to conferences in order

centered view that students may possess.

to be inspired, present their latest results and gain valuable feedback from a number of diverse perspectives. These experiences allow students at High Point University to gain an authentic view of

As two women in science, Drs. Blackledge and

what a scientist does.

Miller find themselves in a position where they

There are also numerous life skills that these

this type of work. They also recognize that the

undergraduate researchers gain. Ask any scientist about failure rates, and you will likely get a laugh.

From the outside, science may look like a polished product: experts in the field carefully perform experiments and make breakthrough discoveries.

From the inside, scientists and scientists-intraining face daily failures when experiments do not “work” or when they are confronted with unexpected and seemingly unexplainable results.

There are far more failures than successes in the scientific method. For this reason, fostering a growth mindset is critical. Students engaged in research learn firsthand that experiments do not really fail as long as they learn something in the process. They learn new information that they did not have previously, so it is essentially a success.

Students engaged in original research approach these frequent challenges, and with the help of a mentor, learn critical thinking skills that allow them to overcome obstacles and forge ahead.

Other benefits from undergraduate research are numerous and include increased interest

can inspire and motivate female students to pursue generation before them had a much different experience in obtaining their degrees. In 1967, less than 20% of U.S. bachelor’s degrees in chemistry were earned by women. This statistic has steadily increased over time. Currently, approximately 50% of bachelor’s degrees in chemistry are earned by women, and this holds true for High Point University. In fact, of the students that have worked in Drs. Blackledge’s and Miller’s groups, 72% have identified as women. Dr. Miller recalls that when she was enrolled in college, there were no female chemistry professors, and her large graduate school department in molecular genetics had only two female professors during her time there. Dr. Blacklege attended a women’s college, but even so, the vast majority of her chemistry professors were male. This was similarly true during her graduate career. In contrast, HPU’s chemistry department has a majority of female faculty. Drs. Blackledge and Miller have been approached by HPU parents at commencement who have thanked them for serving as strong

in the field, increased retention rates, and

female role models for their children.

enhanced creative and independent thinking.

Drs. Blackledge and Miller also have frank

Furthermore, involvement in research results in increased graduate school enrollment and career preparedness. In line with the Council for

32

Preparing the Next Generation of Women in Science

discussions with students about work-life balance.

Each of them must juggle their teaching, research

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

and service commitments at HPU with having young families. High Point University offers a

Looking Toward the Future Their recent external funding provides ample

holistic, liberal arts education to its students and

financial resources to pursue their collaborative

teaches them to balance school work, volunteerism

projects. When combined with the state-of-the-

and extracurricular activities. Drs. Blackledge

art laboratory facilities in the Wanek School

and Miller work to show them that the skills

of Natural Sciences and the acquisition of key

they develop now will help them to lead holistic

instrumentation for research, the sky is the limit.

lives of significance, allowing them to balance

Drs. Blackledge and Miller are now looking

commitments to their career with their obligations

toward the next phase of their research and

to family, friends and communities. A recent

seeking to extend their collaborations with other

biochemistry graduate, Molly Hulver ‘19, notes

groups within and outside of HPU. Students

“I learned how to work independently and think

will also benefit from these expanded networks.

critically by drawing conclusions about the data/

Learning to work with researchers at other

results and interpreting what the data meant

universities will grow their scientific knowledge

in a biological context. I also thought it was an

and lead to pipelines for research opportunities

incredible experience being able to work alongside

and graduate programs across the country.1❧

such an amazing group of science-driven women!”

Cutrona, Nicholas, Kyra Renee Gillard, Rebecca Joy Ulrich, Mikaela Seemann, Heather B. Miller, and Meghan S. Blackledge.

1

“From Antihistamine to Anti-Infective: Loratadine Inhibits Regulatory Pasta Kinases in Staphylococci to Reduce Biofilm Formation and Potentiate Β-Lactam Antibiotics and Vancomycin in Resistant Strains of S. Aureus.” ACS Infectious Diseases (2019/05/27 2019).

Gillard, K., H. B. Miller, and M. S. Blackledge. “Tricyclic Amine Antidepressants Suppress Beta-Lactam Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) by Repressing Mrna Levels of Key Resistance Genes.” Chem Biol Drug Des 92, no. 5 (Nov 2018): 1822-29.

www.highpoint.edu

33

Name, Rank & Cereal Number: COMMUNICATION FACULT Y BLEND TEACHING, RESEARCH AND FOOD POLICY Dr. Matt Ritter, Assistant Professor of Strategic Communication & Dr. Sarah Vaala, Assistant Professor of Strategic Communication

It started one day as an office brainstorming

of consuming breakfast cereals, especially those

session. Hands-on experience is vital to student

high in sugar. We reasoned that examining cereal

learning and we were feverishly attempting

packaging might be of interest to our strategic

to conceptualize a project that could integrate

communication students — many of them plan to

the ideas we were teaching in our respective

pursue marketing careers. Our respective research

course sections of Research Methods with actual

interests intersected in the cereal aisle too — Dr.

research. It ended as a published manuscript

Vaala has studied the impact of licensed media

calling on manufacturers to rethink how they

characters on children’s impressions of cereal

market ready-to-eat cereals to children.

taste, while Dr. Ritter has examined how the fast

Back to the brainstorming session. Both of us have young children and understand the frustration many parents face walking

34

food industry modified its advertising practices in the 1990s in response to the growing childhood obesity epidemic.

down the cereal aisle at the supermarket.

Dr. Vaala asked, “Why not buy some cereal boxes

Bombarding those little eyes is a barrage of

and have the students code those?” A content

not-so-clandestine messages designed to

analysis could interweave our respective interests

convince children of the pleasurable merits

by documenting child-oriented features on cereal

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

packaging, in light of food industry self-regulatory advertising policies that have evolved over the past decade. We estimated that we would need five to 10 students to code enough boxes in detail to yield meaningful findings. And unlike our typical research participants, cereal boxes do not have to give informed consent, so we could get started right away.

And so it began. On a stormy day in early September 2018, all eyes in the High Point Walmart were on the two professors and two students herding ten carts full of cereal toward the checkout line. On campus, more students pitched in to unload the hundreds of boxes of cereal. We numbered each box, ordered them into bags and put out the call to students in our classes to help in the process of coding.

Establishing Intercoder Reliability – A Master Class in Growth Mindset A major challenge of any research involving coding is ensuring that coders are unified in what they see — taking a subjective concept and turning it into an objective measure that each coder applies the same way. This meant we had to train our student assistants to spot specific child-targeted features and nutrition information and consistently apply the codes in our coding scheme, and then repeatedly test whether they each recorded identical codes for the same boxes (reliability). To say the process can be tedious and frustrating is an understatement. The students studied the codes, then practiced them on boxes not in our sample, compared scores, resolved disagreements, revised the coding scheme and studied the codes all over again. We studied, practiced, compared scores and studied again right along with them — showing them firsthand that intercoder reliability needs to be practiced and refined, whether you are a study author or research assistant. Our study’s success depended on a collective growth mindset: each of us committing

ourselves to practicing and refining until our individual approaches were indistinguishable from each other. Finally, after several months, we were ready to code the official study cereal boxes.

Students pored over each box, identifying cereal mascots like Tony the Tiger and Toucan Sam, games, prizes and fun cereal shapes. To facilitate the coding process, we built a tool using our HPU Qualtrics accounts, which cued students to input a response for each possible code. On any given day on the third floor of the Nido R. Qubein School of Communication one might have found a handful of students surrounded by boxes of cereal, carefully entering the information into their laptops. It was a slow process to be sure, yet one we sped up with a pizza party for the students one evening.

Although we called it a coding party, “party” was probably a misnomer. Still the students seemed to enjoy being involved in a project they knew had the potential to make a difference.

The Scoop: Cereal Offenders Going Against the Grain The data collected by the students was key to our research. We first divided the cereals by manufacturer. We were most interested in those manufactures (Post, Kellogg’s, etc.) that had signed on to the Children’s Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CFBAI), an industry selfregulation initiative designed to limit the way unhealthy foods and beverages are advertised to children.

Our attention then turned to serving sizes and sugar content. Other researchers have shown that people rarely pay attention to the suggested serving size, opting rather to consume the amount of cereal that satisfies their hunger. This often means people are consuming more than the recommended amount. Those extra servings increase the amount of daily sugar intake, which according to national nutrition standards should be less than 6g per ounce of cereal. A cereal sold

www.highpoint.edu

35

High Point University students Wyatt Gray and Jack Elliott help purchase more than 200 boxes of cereal from a local Walmart.

by a manufacturer participating in the CFBAI

opposite, in fact. Cereals that met the standards

must meet certain nutrition criteria, including

(12g of sugar or less per suggested serving) had

added sugar levels of 12g or less per serving, in

lower density, and thus smaller serving sizes on

order to be advertised to children on television or

average. Once we applied the sugar per ounce

the internet. Our research explored that margin

standard instead of sugar per serving, we found

between what is considered healthy and what can

that manufacturers were promoting high sugar

be advertised to children. Does the CFBAI sugar

per ounce cereal to children by way of child-

per serving guideline translate into relatively low

oriented features on the box. All of the cereals

sugar per ounce cereals? And do manufacturers

that manufacturers specifically listed in reports as

apply the same standards to packaging as they do

meeting criteria to advertise to children indeed

to TV ads?

Interestingly, nutrition panel information on ready-to-eat cereal is

While parents may think they are serving their children healthy cereal, that may not be the case.

based on manufacturer suggested serving. Because serving sizes vary by cereal weight, it is more difficult for consumers to monitor their sugar intake, especially if they are in the habit of pouring the same amount in their bowl each day. What consumers need is a standardized measure like sugar per ounce that remains consistent across all manufacturers and cereal types.

or less per serving.

However, 65% of these products fell into our “high sugar per ounce�

category, containing more than 9g (more than 2 teaspoons) of sugar in an ounce of cereal. What is more, they had 3.5 child-targeting features per box on average. As a point of reference, the federal government requires that cereal contain less than 6g of sugar per ounce to be eligible for purchase under the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program.

Our analysis revealed that manufacturers have become rather adept at creating cereals that keep them CFBAI-compliant. But that does not mean those cereals are necessarily healthy. Quite the

36

contained 12g of sugar

In short, cereals that would be classified as having a moderate amount of sugar under the per serving metric often have a high amount of sugar under

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

the per ounce metric and are heavily marketed to

said his work on the project has taught him to

kids through their packaging. While parents may

be meticulous. Elliot was tasked with creating a

think they are serving their children healthy cereal,

repository of photos of each box of cereal. The

that may not be the case. On the other hand,

photos were indexed and later used for recording

almost none of the lowest sugar cereals displayed

nutrition information.

features that would appeal to children, likely lowering the chances that kids would ask for these healthier products.

Other students also played a more prominent role, taking the skills they learned and applying them in graduate school. Eric Small, a senior in

The research, titled “Child-Oriented Marketing

the BA/MA in strategic communication program,

on Cereal Packaging: Associations with Sugar

was a student in Dr. Vaala’s Research Methods in

Content and Manufacturer Pledge,” appeared as

Strategic Communication course. Small, who was

the lead article in the Journal of Nutrition and

entertaining the possibility of graduate school at

Education Behavior March 2020 edition. The

the time, stepped up early on to take on additional

journal serves as a go-to resource for nutrition

responsibilities on the project. He crafted an

educators. We also presented on a digital panel

abstract, designed a poster and traveled with

at the International Communication Association

Dr. Vaala to Fairfax, Virginia, to present

in May 2020, ensuring the findings reach a global

some of the early findings at the D.C. Health

audience of both health practitioners and academics.

Communication Conference, a consortium of

So Happy Together: Integrating Research Into the Classroom We are most proud of the way the project interwove classroom instruction, faculty research and skills students can use in everyday life.

Senior strategic communication major Jack Elliot

professionals interested in health communication research and practice. Small’s costs were funded through a grant from High Point University’s Undergraduate Research and Creative Works, which supports faculty in the nurturing of students interested in research. The value of the experience was priceless. “I definitely think that it will help

Open Door Ministries received more than 200 boxes of cereal from the research.

The cereal was used to help feed members of the community in need of food assistance.

www.highpoint.edu

37

me stand out from the crowd when I’m applying

from the nonprofit said the cereal helped feed

for jobs, because even though a lot of universities

members of the community who needed

give a lot of students opportunities to be involved

food assistance.

in research in similar aspects, not everyone gets to go to a conference in D.C.,” Small said. “It definitely helps set you apart and prepares you to be able to talk to people who may be more educated than you — but you still have something to teach them. It encourages you to keep wanting to learn more.”

Small also presented his poster later in the semester at the High Point University Research and Creativity Symposium (Hi-PURCS) featuring exceptional student scholarship.

There is indeed a symbiotic relationship between classroom pedagogy, faculty research and creating experiential learning experience for students.

That relationship gleams brightest when we take our research and transform it into hands-on, mentored, participatory experiences.

Students who worked on the project can say that they were integral in helping bring to light serious delinquencies in point-of-sale cereal industry practices. Coincidentally, they also told us they were going to switch to oatmeal for a while. ❧

“I thought it was unique because the school was so willing to sponsor us,” said Small. “It was a really cool experience. I got to read about a lot of other research going on in the health communication industry. I’m a master’s student now and in my quantitative stats class I had to make a poster.

So I knew how to make an abstract. I knew how the layout should look. I knew how to grab people’s attention.”

Madison Reynolds, also now in the BA/MA program, said she was most surprised about how much time research takes.

“My experience with this research study will help me as I continue my education in the graduate program at HPU,” she said. “This study has given me valuable information from my professors from their own experience in research that I will use when presenting and conducting my own thesis.

I learned how to conduct a research study, how to analyze the data and how to understand the entire research process as a whole.”

In the end, the impacts of the research even spilled over into the community as Open Door Ministries, a local nonprofit organization in High Point, North Carolina, received the boxes of cereal when the coding process was finished. Representatives

38

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

A SELECTION OF FACULT Y

Scholarly Works 2019 - 2020

www.highpoint.edu

39

BOOKS Alexander, Laura. The Beauty of Melancholy and

Carson, Susan, Heather B. Miller, Melissa C.

Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020.

Techniques: A Classroom Laboratory Manual. 4th ed.

British Women Writers, 1670–1720. Newcastle upon

Alexander, Laura. Fatal Attractions, Abjection,

and the Self in Literature from the Restoration to the Romantics. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge

Srougi, and D. Scott Witherow. Molecular Biology

San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press, 2019.

Fox, Gerald T. Political Dimensions of the American Macroeconomy. New York: Business Expert Press,

Scholars Publishing, 2019.

2019.

Blosser, Allison H. Faith, Diversity, and Education:

Squint, Kirstin L., Eric Gary Anderson, Taylor

New York: Routledge, 2019.

Literary and Cultural Ecologies. Baton Rouge:

An Ethnography of a Conservative Christian School.

Hagood, and Anthony Wilson, eds. Swamp Souths: Louisiana State University Press, 2020.

ARTICLES Altman, Joanne D., Beth A. Prittie, and

Ballingrud, Gordon. “Two-Dimensional

Reward for Effort Expended among Students,

Quarterly 33, no. 4 (October 2019): 281–296.

Professors, and Employers.” Teaching of Psychology

https://www.jstor.org/stable/26897028.

Gary B. Forbach. “Disparity in Expectations of

46, no. 3 (May 2019): 197–207. https://doi. org/10.1177/0098628319848875.

Bleakley, Chris, Jonathan Reijgers, and James

Anksorus, Heidi N., Courtney L. Bradley,

Controlled Trials in Sports Physical Therapy Are

M. Smoliga. “Many High-Quality Randomized

Andrea L. Porter, Kali M. VanLangen, and Krista

Making False-Positive Claims of Treatment Effect:

L. Donohoe. “Establishing a Successful Teaching

A Systematic Survey.” Journal of Orthopaedic and

Assistant Program in Pharmacy Skills Laboratory

Sports Physical Therapy 50, no. 2 (February 2020):

Courses.” Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and

104–109. https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/

Learning 11, no. 8 (August 2019): 760–766. https://

jospt.2020.9264.

doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2019.04.003.

Baker, Sarah. E., Jason Silvernail, Charles Scoville,

Blosser, Joe. “Faith and Ethics at Work: A Study of the Role of Religion in the Teaching and

Scott Kushner, Lance Mabry, Lisa Konitzer,

Practice of Workplace Ethics.” Journal of Business

Sean Easley, et al. “When Exception to Policy

Ethics Education 16 (2019): 41–61. https://doi.

Is Exceptional Policy: How Booking Physical

org/10.5840/jbee2019164.

Therapy Appointments Too Far in the Future May Adversely Impact Access to Care, Business Optimization, and Readiness.” Military Medicine 185, no. S1 (January 2020): S565–570. https:// doi.org.libproxy.highpoint.edu/10.1093/milmed/ usz287.

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Conceptions of Political Liberty.” Public Affairs

Blosser, Joe. “Pastor Cash: An American Prophet of the Evangelical Left.” Intégrité: A Faith and

Learning Journal 18, no. 2 (Fall 2019): 14–30.

Blosser, Joe. “Relational History: Adam Smith’s Types of Human History.” Erasmus Journal for

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

Philosophy and Economics 12, no. 2 (Winter 2019): 24–48. https://doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v12i2.419.

Bohnert, Kathryn L., Mary K. Hastings, David

s40279-019-01234-2.

Brooks, Lauren. “Project Based Curricula:

Creating Screen Adaptations in the Introductory

R. Sinacore, Jeffrey E. Johnson, Sandra E. Klein,

Course to German Literary Studies.” Andererseits

Jeremy J. McCormick, Paul Gonartz, and Gretchen

Yearbook of Transatlantic German Studies 7/8

A. Meyer. “Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in

(2018/2019): 95–103.

Advanced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.” Foot and Ankle International 41, no. 5 (May 2020):

Bruggeman, Brianna K., Katherine E. Storo, Haley M. Fair, Andrew J. Wommack, Colin

536–548. https://doi.org.libproxy.highpoint. edu/10.1177/1071100720907035.

R. Carriker, and James M. Smoliga. “The

Bolla, Pradeep Kumar, Bradley A. Clark,

Nano-Sized Glutathione on Blood Glutathione

Abhishek Juluri, Hanumanth Srikanth Cheruvu,

Parameters in Healthy Individuals: A Pilot Study.”

and Jwala Renukuntla. “Evaluation of

PLoS ONE 14, no. 4 (April 2019): e0215815.

Absorptive Effects of Orobuccal Non-Liposomal

Formulation Parameters on Permeation of

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215815.

Ibuprofen from Topical Formulations Using

Bujnovky, David, Tomas Maly, Kevin R.

Strat-M® Membrane.” Pharmaceutics 12, no. 2 (February 2020): e151. https://doi.org/10.3390/ pharmaceutics12020151.

Ford, Dai Sugimoto, Egon Kunzmann, Mikulas Hank, and Frantisek Zahalka. “Physical Fitness Characteristics of High-Level Youth Football

Bolla, Pradeep Kumar, Carlos A. Meraz,

Players: Influence of Playing Position.” Sports

Victor A. Rodriguez, Isaac Deaguero, Mahima

(Basel) 7, no. 2 (February 2019): 46–56. https://doi.

Singh, Venkata Kashyap Yellepeddi, and Jwala

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for Topical Delivery: Formulation Development

Burk, Connor, Jesse Perry, Sam Lis, Steven

Renukuntla. “Clotrimazole Loaded Ufosomes and In-Vitro Studies.” Molecules 24, no. 17

(August 2019): e3139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules24173139.

Dischiavi, and Chris Bleakley. “Can Myofascial Interventions Have a Remote Effect on ROM? A

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Sport Rehabilitation (October 2019): 1–7. https://

Bradley, Courtney L., Christopher Houpt,

doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2019-0074.

Kelly Odegaard, and Peter Gal. “Effect of

Campbell, Joshua W., Steven M. Grodsky, Dale

on Student Self-Confidence in a Clinical Skills

A. Halbritter, Patrick A. Vigueira, Cynthia

Repeated Pulmonary Function Test Training Laboratory.” Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning 12, no. 6 (June 2020): 680–688. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2020.01.024.

C. Vigueira, Oliver Keller, and Cathryn H.

Greenberg. “Asian Needle Ant (Brachyponera Chinensis) and Woodland Ant Responses to Repeated Applications of Fuel Reduction

Brindle, Richard A., Jeffrey B. Taylor, Coty

Methods.” Ecosphere 10, no. 1 (January 2019):

Rajek, Anika Weisbrod, and Kevin R. Ford.

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Carter, Larry L. “Equivalence and Research

“Association between Temporal Spatial Parameters Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Sports Medicine 50, no. 2 (February 2020): 331–342. https://doi.org.libproxy.highpoint.edu/10.1007/

Design Optimization for International Market Segmentation.” Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness 13, no. 3 (2019): 10–24.

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Caudill, Steven B., Stephanie O. Crofton,

J. Anderson, and Marlene Dixon. “Gender,

G. Mixon Jr., and Mary Greer Simonton.

Sport and Physical Activity Journal 27, no. 2 (2019):

“Property Confiscation and the Intergenerational

63–72. https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.2018-0038.

João Ricardo Faria, Neela D. Manage, Franklin

Transmission of Education in Post-1948 Eastern Europe.” Public Choice 184 (2020): 1–41. https:// doi.org.libproxy.highpoint.edu/10.1007/s11127019-00698-0.

Curtis, Kelly L., Luis E. Aguerrevere, Kevin J. Bianchini, Kevin W. Greve, and Robert C. Nicks. “Detecting Malingered Pain-Related Disability with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: A

Chabay, Ruth, Bruce Sherwood, and Aaron Titus.

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“A Unified, Contemporary Approach to Teaching

Neuropsychologist 33, no. 8 (April 2019): 1485–

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Chamberlain, Adam, Alixandra B. Yanus, and Nicholas L. Pyeatt. “Uniting the Living through

Cutrona, Nicholas, Kyra Gillard, Rebecca

Ulrich, Mikaela Seemann, Heather B. Miller,

and Meghan S. Blackledge. “From Antihistamine

the Dead: How Voluntary Associations Made

to Anti-Infective: Loratadine Inhibition of

Death a Selective Benefit.” Interest Groups and

Regulatory PASTA Kinases in Staphylococci

Advocacy 8, no. 4 (August 2019): 600–620. https://

Reduces Biofilm Formation and Potentiates

doi.org/10.1057/s41309-019-00071-y.

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Walker, Allison. “Perusall: Harnessing AI Robo-

of Collegiate Female Volleyball Players During

Learning and Increase Instructor Efficiency.”

Practice and Competition.” Journal of Sports

Journal of Writing Analytics 3 (2019): 227–263.

Dischiavi. “Jump Load and Landing Patterns

Medicine and Physical Fitness 59, no. 11 (November 2019): 1892–1896. https://doi.org/10.23736/ S0022-4707.19.09650-6.

Tools and Writing Analytics to Improve Student

Wang, Hoah-Yan, Mathew L. MacDonald, Karin E. Borgmann-Winter, Anamika Banerjee, Patrick Sleiman, Andrew Tom, Amber Khan, Kuo-Chieh

Trinh, Trang D., Jordan R. Smith, and Michael J.

Lee, Panos Roussos, Steven J. Siegel, Scott E.

of Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Infections: The

to Glutamatergic Dysregulation in Schizophrenia.”

Rybak. “Parenteral Fosfomycin for the Treatment

Hemby, et al. “mGluR5 Hypofunction is Integral

Rise of the Epoxide.” Pharmacotherapy 39, no. 11

Molecular Psychiatry 25 (April 2020): 750–760.

(November 2019): 1077–1094. https://doi.org.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0234-y.

libproxy.highpoint.edu/10.1002/phar.2326.

Tumilty, Steve, Divya B. Adhia, James M.

Winkel, Adam L. “‘Ya se Aburren de Tanta

Capital’: Leisure, Language and Law in El Jarama.”

Smoliga, and Angela S. Gisselman. “Thermal

Bulletin of Spanish Studies 96, no. 3 (March 2019):

Profiles over the Achilles Tendon in a Cohort of

425–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/14753820.2019

Non-Injured Collegiate Athletes over the Course

.1570673.

of a Cross Country Season.” Physical Therapy in Sport 36 (March 2019): 110–115. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.01.009.

Winkel, Adam L. “The Tyrannies of the In-

Between: Liminality in Antonio Buero Vallejo’s Historia de una escalera.” Symposium: A Quarterly

Turner, John. “Performing Cultural Hybridity in

Journal in Modern Literatures 73, no. 2 (May 2019):

Isang Yun’s Glissées pour violoncelle seul (1970).”

113–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/00397709.2019

Music Theory Online 25, no. 2 (July 2019). http://

.1608643.

doi.org/10.30535/mto.25.2.6.

Ueno, Ryo, Alessandro Navacchia, Christopher

Yanus, Alixandra B. “Learning to “Play the

Game as Men Do”: How the General Federation

A. DiCesare, Kevin R. Ford, Gregory D. Myer,

of Women’s Clubs Brought Political Science to

Tomoya Ishida, Harukazu Tohyama, and Timothy

Women.” PS: Political Science & Politics 52, no. 4

E. Hewett. “Knee Abduction Moment Is Predicted

(October 2019): 659–662. https://doi.org/10.1017/

by Lower Gluteus Medius Force and Larger

S1049096519000507.

Vertical and Lateral Ground Reaction Forces During Drop Vertical Jump in Female Athletes.”

Journal of Biomechanics 103 (April 2020): e109669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109669.

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and Behavior 52, no. 3 (March 2020): 215–223.

Young, Jodi L., Alexis A. Wright, and Daniel I.

Rhon. “Nonoperative Management Prior to Hip

Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: An Investigation into the Utilization

Vaala, Sarah E., and Matthew B. Ritter.

and Content of Physical Therapy.” Journal of

“Child-Oriented Marketing on Cereal

Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 49, no. 8

Packaging: Associations with Sugar Content and

(August 2019): 593–600. https://www.jospt.org/

Manufacturer Pledge.” Journal of Nutrition Education

doi/10.2519/jospt.2019.8581.

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Zhao, Ning, Stephanie O. Peacock, Chen Hao Lo, Laine M. Heidman, Meghan A. Rice, Cale D.

Zukowski, Lisa A., Gözde Iyigün, Carol A.

Giuliani, and Prudence Plummer. “Effect of the

Fahrenholtz, Ann M. Greene et al. “Arginine

Environment on Gait and Gaze Behavior in

Vasopressin Receptor 1a is a Therapeutic Target

Older Adult Fallers Compared to Older Adult

for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.” Science

Non-Fallers.” PLoS ONE 15, no. 3 (March 2020):

Translational Medicine 11, no. 498 (June 2019):

e0230479. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.

eaaw4636. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.

pone.0230479.

aaw4636.

BOOK CHAPTERS Augustine, Brian H., Heather B. Miller, M.

of International Migration: The View from

Todd Knippenberg, and Rachel G. Augustine.

Europe.” In Political and Economic Foundations

“Strategies, Techniques and Impact of Transitional

of Global Studies, edited by Michael Anderson

Preparatory Courses for At-Risk Students in

and Stephanie Holmsten, 154–169. New York:

General Chemistry.” In Enhancing Student

Routledge Press, 2019.

Retention in Introductory Chemistry Courses: Teaching Practices and Assessments, edited by Supaporn Kradtap Hartwell and Tanya Gupta, 15–47. Washington, DC: ACS Symposium

Hemby, Scott E., Wendy Lynch, and Nilesh Tannu. “Novel Methodologies: Proteomic

Approaches in Substance Abuse Research.” In Addiction Medicine: Science and Practice, 2nd

Series, 2019.

ed., edited by Bankole A. Johnson, 265–274. New

Davidshofer, Claudine. “Johannes Climacus and the Dialectical Method: From Dialectics Back to

Existence.” In The Kierkegaardian Mind, edited by Adam Buben, Eleanor Helms, and Patrick Stokes, 28–38. New York: Routledge Press, 2019.

York: Springer Publishing, 2020.

Jordan, Amy B., and Sarah E. Vaala. “Educational

Media for Children.” In Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research, 4th ed., edited by Mary Beth Oliver, Arthur A. Raney, and Jennings Bryant,

Eltantawy, Nahed. “Western News Media

290–307. New York: Routledge, 2019.

Coverage of Muslims and Arabs: From 9/11 to the Trump Era.” In Media, Journalism, and “Fake News”: A Reference Handbook, edited by Amy M. Damico, 157–162. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2019.

Lynch, Wendy, Tanseli Nesil, and Scott E.

Hemby. “Drug Reinforcement in Animals.” In

Addiction Medicine: Science and Practice, 2nd ed., edited by Bankole A. Johnson, 89–98. New York: Springer Publishing, 2020.

Goyal, Shreya, Meaghan R. Robinson, Verónica

A. Segarra, and Richard J. Chi. “Intracellular Lipid Homeostasis and Trafficking in Autophagy.” In Cell Growth, edited by Biba Vikas and Michael Fasullo, 1–17. London: IntechOpen, 2019.

Oudshoorn, Michael J., Alison Clear, Janet

Carter, Leo Hitchcock, Janice L. Pearce, and Joseph Abandoh-Sam. “Exploring Challenges Faced

by International Students in Computer Science Programs: Towards Understanding the Student

Graeber, John. “The Causes and Consequences

Perspective.” In Exploring the Opportunities and Challenges of International Students, edited

www.highpoint.edu

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by Michael Allison, 125–182. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2019.

Sherrill, Christina H., and Caren McHenry Martin. “Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Fourteen-Day Procedure.”

In American College of Clinical Pharmacy Ambulatory Care Survival Guide, 4th ed., edited

by Gregory Castelli, 232–234. American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 2019.

Sönmez, Sevil F., Jessica E. Wiitala, and Yorghos

Apostolopoulos. “How Complex Travel, Tourism,

and Transportation Networks Influence Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World.” In Handbook of Globalisation and Tourism, edited

by Dallen J. Timothy, 76–88. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2019.

Squint, Kirstin L. “‘What You Gonna Tell the Spirit?’: Cajun and Indigenous Activist Art in

Louisiana Wetlands.” In Swamp Souths: Literary and Cultural Ecologies, edited by Kirstin L. Squint, Eric Gary Anderson, Taylor Hagood, and Anthony Wilson, 22–33. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2020.

Squint, Kirstin L., Eric Gary Anderson, Taylor Hagood, and Anthony Wilson. “Introduction: Mapping Swamp Souths.” In Swamp Souths: Literary and Cultural Ecologies, edited by Kirstin L. Squint, Eric Gary Anderson, Taylor Hagood, and Anthony Wilson, 1–8. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2020.

Vasquez-Parraga, Arturo Z., and Miguel A.

Sahagun. “Explaining Customer Loyalty to Retail Stores: A Moderated Explanation Chain of the

Process.” In Handbook of Research on Retailing Techniques for Optimal Consumer Engagement

Frye, 169–179. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.

Vescio, Bryan. “Inferentialist Semantics,

Intimationist Aesthetics, and Walden.” In New Directions in Philosophy and Literature, edited

by David Rudrum, Ridvan Askin, and Frida Beckman, 297–314. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2019.

Werth, Brian J., Katie E. Barber, Jordan R.

Smith, and Michael J. Rybak. “Laboratory Tests to Direct Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy.” In

Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, 11th ed., edited by Joseph T. DiPiro, Gary C. Yee, L. Michael Posey, Stuart T. Haines, Thomas D. Nolin, and Vicki Ellingrod, e122. McGraw-Hill, 2020.

and Experiences, edited by Fabio Musso and Elena Druica, 15–32. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2020.

Vescio, Bryan. “Formal Aesthetic Choices.” In

Cormac McCarthy in Context, edited by Steven

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The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

CREATIVE WORKS: WRITTEN Goodman, Jim. Dust. Broadcast Education

Paul, Jacob. “Get Up, Stand Up.” The

Best of Competition: Faculty Scriptwriting, short

805-817.

Association Festival of Media Arts, Las Vegas, NV.

Massachusetts Review 60, No. 4 (Winter 2019):

subject. 2020.

Paul, Jacob. Last Tower to Heaven. New York: C&R Press, 2019.

CREATIVE WORKS: VISUAL Brown, Mark E. fruit. Unconventional: National

Raynor, Scott. The Wine-Dark Sea. Tubac Center

Materials and Found Objects in Art. D’Art Center,

May 2019.

Exhibition Highlighting the Use of Unusual

Norfolk, VA. Juror: Melissa Hill, Sculptor and Adjunct Professor, Old Dominion University.

2019.

for the Arts, Tucson, AZ. Juror: Michael Fenalson.

Raynor, Scott. Winter Show (three paintings

exhibited). Greenhill Center for Contemporary Art, Greensboro, North Carolina. Juror: Edie

Brown, Mark E. ready kill-a-what. X-quisite

Carpenter, Curator Greenhill Galleries. December

Corps: Small Monuments for Big Times

2019.

Exhibition. University of Delaware, Newark, DE (TRAVELING). Juror: Gregory Shelnutt, Chair, Art Department, University of Delaware. 2019.

Shores, Bruce. Annual Artists Who Teach

Exhibition (5 pieces accepted). Theatre Art Galleries, High Point, NC. Invited by Jennifer

Brown, Mark E. and Raynor, Scott. “Experience vs. Reality: Students Confront The Venice Biennale.” Presentation at the 2019 FATE Conference, Columbus College of Art and Design, Columbus, OH. April 5, 2019.

Donley, Education Coordinator at TAG Theatre Art Galleries. Sept. 5-Oct. 4, 2019.

Shores, Bruce. North of London. MFA Circle

Gallery, Annapolis, MD. Juror: Raoul Middleman, Internationally Recognized American Painter and

Raynor, Scott. The 39th International Mini

a member of the Maryland Institute College of

Print Exhibition (two pieces exhibited), Touring Exhibition (Spain, France, U.K.), Published in

Art faculty since 1961, Nov. 1-30, 2019.

Catalog. Juror: Adogi. April-August, 2019.

VanWinkle, Benita. Community Theater,

Raynor, Scott. Arrangement with Two Birds.

for Photography, Greenville, NC. Jeff Rich, juror

20th Annual Valdosta National 2020, Valdosta,

and long term documentary photographer and

GA. Juror: Didi Dunphy. November 2019.

curator of the weekly series “Eyes on the South”

Catskill, NY, Close-up of door, 6/2019. SE Center

Raynor, Scott. Art is….Process. Jacoby Arts Center,

for Oxford American Magazine. 2019.

OSF Gallery, Joliet Ill. Juror: Heather Knowlton.

June 2019.

www.highpoint.edu

53

GRANTS Barlow, Brad N. 2019. NASA, TESS Cycle 2

on Drug Abuse Diversity Supplement Grant:

Guest Investigator Program: Tess Observations of

Mechanisms Mediating Cocaine Abuse in Socially

Compact Hot Subdwarf Binaries. ($29,999).

Housed Female and Male Monkeys. ($76,699. Sub-

Blackledge, Meghan, and Heather Miller.

National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences: PASTA Probes:

awarded $62,949).

Placide, Rebekah, and Boateng Comfort, A.

2019. American Foundation for Pharmaceutical

Defining the Role of the PASTA Kinase STK1

Education Gateway to Research Grant:

in S. Aureus Virulence Gene Expression Using a

Development of New Antagonist Ligands for

Chemical Biology Approach. ($411,776).

Dopamine D4 Receptor to Treat Substance Use

Boateng Comfort, A. 2019. American Chemical Society Project SEED: Design and Synthesis of

Disorders. ($5,000).

Sames, Dalibor, and Scott E. Hemby. 2020–2025.

2-(4-(Pyridin-2-yl)Piperidin-1-yl)-N-(m-tolyl)

National Institutes of Health/National Institute

Acetamide Analogues to Treat Substance Use

on Drug Abuse: Chemistry and Pharmacology of

Disorders. ($5,500).

Iboga Alkaloids. ($3,384,668).

Boateng Comfort, A. 2020. American Association

Vess, Sarah F., and Katie Rosanbalm. 2019. The

Grant: Dopamine 04 Receptor Antagonists for the

Years Preschool Sustainability Project. ($168,608).

of Colleges of Pharmacy New Investigator Award

Duke Endowment: Guilford County Incredible

Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder. ($10,000).

Gosselin, Dora. 2018–2020. Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy Mentored Grant: The Impact of Unpredictability on Gait Biomechanics and Mobility-Based Participation in Children with Cerebral Palsy. ($10,000).

Kozma, Cara, and Erin Trauth. 2019. Women

in Motion: Growing Professional Writing and Communication Skills for Women. ($20,000).

Lundin, Pamela, Andrew Wommack,

Melissa Srougi, and Meghan Blackledge. 2019.

National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation Program: Acquisition of a 400 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrometer to Support Undergraduate Research at High Point University. ($299,500).

Nader, Michael, and Boateng Comfort, A. 2019.

National Institutes of Health/National Institute

54

The Lighted Lamp | Fall 2020

AWARDS AND HONORS Dreff, Ashley B. Historical Society of The United

Winkel, Adam. Harold G. Jones Award for Best

Best Book on United Methodist History Published

Between: Liminality in Antonio Buero Vallejo’s

in 2018, for Entangled: A History of American

Historia de una escalera.” Symposium: A Quarterly

Methodism, Politics, and Sexuality. Nashville, TN:

Journal in Modern Literatures 73, no. 2 (2019):

New Room Books, 2018.

113–126.

Methodist Church’s Saddlebag Selection 2019.

Essay of 2019, for “The Tyrannies of the In-

Squint, Kirstin. Whichard Visiting Distinguished Professor in the Humanities. East Carolina University, 2019–2020.

EDITORS AND REVIEW BOARDS Blackledge, Meghan. Assistant Editor, PLoS ONE. Comfort Boateng. Early Career Reviewer, Drug

Discovery for the Nervous System (DDNS) Study Section Grants, National Institutes of Health.

Prevention and Rehabilitation (Frontiers in Sports and Active Living).

Gisselman, Angela. Deputy Editor, Physical

Therapy Reviews.

BDCN-L92S, National Institutes of Health.

Setzler, Mark. Associate Editor, The Latin Americanist.

Cooke, Sandra L. Associate Editor, Food Webs.

Ford, Kevin. Specialty Chief Editor, Injury

Hemby, Scott. Special Emphasis Panel: ZRG1

Trauth, Erin. Assistant Editor, Rhetoric of Health and Medicine.

Turpin, John. Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Interior Design.

Wright, Alexis. Deputy Editor, Physical Therapy Reviews.

www.highpoint.edu

55

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