Introduction

CARB T Tier 1 1 Emissions C Control S System

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) is the state’s The California Air Resources Board (CARB) is the state’s environenvironmental regulatory agency. CARB has issued emissions mental regulatory agency. CARB has issued emissions regulations regulations for certain types of industrial equipment not for certain types of industrial equipment not already covered by existalready covered by existing EPAregulations. This new reguing EPAregulations. This new regulation impacts vehicles using lation impacts vehicles using “large spark-ignited” engines “large spark-ignited” engines above 25 horsepower, including lift above 25 horsepower, including lift trucks. The term “sparktrucks. The term “sparkignited” includes all engines using gasoline, ignited” includes all engines using gasoline, LP, and related LP, and related fuel types, such as Compressed Natural Gas. The fuel types, such as Compressed Natural Gas. The regulation regulation applies only to new equipment, starting with units proapplies only to new equipment, starting with units produced in year 2001, and does not require existing equipment to be modified to meet the new emissions standards. duced in year 2001, and does not require existing equipment to be modified to meet the new emissions standards. The CARB regulations require lift truck manufacturers to The CARB regulations require lift truck manufacturers to modify a modify a percentage of the trucks sold into California, percentage of the trucks sold into California, beginning in year 2001, beginning in year 2001, to incorporate an emissions control to incorporate an emissions control system (ECS) which will achieve system (ECS) which will achieve exhaust emissions levels exhaust emissions levels defined within the regulations. In the foldefined within the regulations. In the following years, the lowing years, the percentage of trucks sold with emissions reduction percentage of trucks sold with emissions reduction technology technology must increase each year until 2004, when the entire must increase each year until 2004, when the entire sparksparkignited engine line must be emissions compliant. This initial ignited engineline must be emissions compliant. This initial phase-in period is designated “Tier 1”, and defines exhaust emisphase-in period is designated “Tier 1”, and defines exhaust emissions standards which must be achieved by the manufacturer at the time of shipment. In 2004, “Tier 2” regulations will take effect, with a proposal by the EPAto adopt this as a nationally-legislated standard. The emissions standards and phase-in percentages are shown in the chart below. sions standards which must be achieved by the manufacturer at the time of shipment. In 2004, “Tier 2” regulations will take effect, with a proposal by the EPAto adopt this as a nationally-legislated standard. The emissions standards and phase-in percentages are shown in the chart below.

Tier 1 CARB Tier 2 CARB

Effective Date Jan 2001 to Jan 2004 to Dec 2003 Dec 2006 Emissions Limits CO 37 37 (g/hp-hr) HC + NOx 3 3 Useful Life / Durability Testing Emissions Limits (g/hp-hr) 3500hr/5yr N/A 50 CO 4 HC + NOx Warranty Period- Components

< $400 1500hr / 2yr 2500hr / 3yr > $400 1500hr / 2yr 3500hr / 5yr 2001 25% CASales Phase-In % 2002 50% CASales 100% USA 2003 75% CASales Production Line Testing Required Required In-Use Testing N/A Required System Adjustment Tampering Resistant Tamper-Proof