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Understanding Campus Expression Across Higher Ed

Heterodox Academy’s Annual Campus Expression Survey

Published March 2023

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Data collected November 2022

Please direct media queries to: press@heterodoxacademy.org.

Citation: Zhou, S. & Barbaro, N. (2023).

UnderstandingStudent ExpressionAcrossHigherEd: HeterodoxAcademy’sAnnual CampusExpressionSurvey. Heterodox Academy.

Executive Summary

Continued Self-Censure by Students on Campus

Takeaway 1: Students’ Reluctance to Discuss Controversial Topics Remains High But Shows Signs of Improvement

Takeaway 2: Students’ Reluctance Is Associated Primarily with Fear of Negative Social Consequences from Peers

Takeaway 3: High Peer Interaction Is Associated with Greater Expression Among Students

Takeaway 4: Campus Culture Needs Continued Improvement to Foster Viewpoint Diversity

About the Data and Methods

The Student Sample by the Numbers

Takeaway 1: Students’ Reluctance to Discuss Controversial Topics Remains High But Shows Signs of Improvement

Students’ Reluctance to Discuss Specific Topics Students’ Political Orientation and Demographics Associated with Reluctance

Takeaway 2: Students’ Reluctance Is Associated Primarily with Fear of Negative Social Consequences from Peers Mismatch Between Students’ Reported Fear of Peers and Their Own Reported Likelihood to Criticize Others

Takeaway 3 : High Peer Interaction Is Associated with Greater Expression Among Students

Takeaway 4: Campus Culture Needs Continued Improvement to Foster Viewpoint Diversity

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