Universal Testing Machine- Types, Usage, and More

A Universal Testing Machine, commonly referred to as UTM, is a versatile and indispensable piece of equipment used in various industries. It is a testing device that can determine the physical properties of materials such as strength, elasticity, and hardness. In this article, we will explore the different types of UTM machines, their usage, and their components.

Types of Universal Testing Machines

There are two main types of UTM machines: electromechanical and hydraulic.

Electromechanical UTM Machine

The Electromechanical UTM machine is a commonly used UTM machine in various industries. It operates using an electric motor and a gearbox. The gearbox reduces the speed of the motor and increases the torque required to drive the screw column. The screw column is used to control the crosshead’s movement, which is responsible for applying the load on the specimen. The load is measured by a load cell or a strain gauge, which is connected to the crosshead. This type of machine is suitable for testing materials that require high accuracy and precision.

Hydraulic UTM Machine

The hydraulic UTM machine uses a hydraulic system to apply the load on the specimen. It consists of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic actuator, and a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic pump is used to generate pressure, which is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the crosshead, which applies the load on the specimen. The load is measured by a load cell or a strain gauge, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder This type of machine is suitable for testing materials that require high force and speed.