Hristijan Babuka, architecture portfolio

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO Hristijan Babuka Selected works

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO Hristijan Babuka | Selected works

Revitalization of Pobre탑je cemetery (p. 4) | Project Maribor-Graz: sustainable housing development (p. 12) | Revitalization of center of Duplek (p. 20) | Sustainable refurbishment of residential building (p.28) | Fitness & recreation center (p. 34) | Square + educational center for arts (p. 42) | Housing for elderly people (p. 48) | Mansion block (p. 56) | Town square design in the center of Gevgelija (p. 60) | Redesign and restoration of bridges along Dragor River in Bitola (p. 64) | Multi-family residential building - new collective housing (p. 68) | Complex for the production of dehydrated fruits and vegetables (p. 78) | Skyscraper / vertical ontology (p. 84) | Multiplex cinema (p. 92) | Farm for 18 pigs, 8 cows and 50 chickens (p. 98) | Scientific research and educational center for horticulture (p. 104) | Single-family housing in a cluster (p. 108).

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Hristijan Babuka 30.08.1987, Bitola, Macedonia

Kliment Ohridski 27/28, 7000 Bitola, Macedonia +389 (0)75 752 650 hristijan.babuka@gmail.com

EDUCATION

Master of Science in Architectural Engineering 2013 – 2015 University of Maribor Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture Department of Architecture / Module: Sustainable building Engineer Diploma in Architecture 2006 – 2011 Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Faculty of Architecture, Skopje

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

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Architectural designer and urban planner 2011 – 2013 DOOEL "Formi" Bitola, Republic of Macedonia

* A more detailed, comprehensive CV is available upon request.

CERTIFICATION

Licence B for preparation of project documentation 2014 Chamber of authorized architects and engineers of Republic of Macedonia Licence B for revision of project documentation 2014 Chamber of authorized architects and engineers of Republic of Macedonia

LANGUAGE SKILLS

Macedonian – mother tongue English (understanding, speaking, writing) – excellent / TOEFL iBT score: 98 French (understanding, speaking, writing) – intermediate / DELF A2 Slovenian (understanding, speaking, writing) – excellent Serbian/Croatian (understanding, speaking, writing) – excellent Spanish (understanding, speaking, writing) – basic

COMPUTER SKILLS

Autodesk AutoCAD Graphisoft ArchiCAD Artlantis Studio

Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign CorelDRAW

Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel Microsoft Power Point

Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) OTHER SKILLS

Driving licence - category B

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REVITALIZATION OF POBREŽJE CEMETERY Course: Contemporary trends in architecture University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2014-2015 In collaboration with Đorđe Mrdak and Mirko Mugoša

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The Pobre탑je cemetery consists of two cemeteries, City cemetery on the south and Magdalena cemetery on the north. Between them there is a busy road that divides the cemetery area, which is one of the main reasons for considering its revitalization and spatial examinations about potential extension of the cemetery. Another aspects that stimulate the design process are inadequate orientation and unclear organization of the cemetery, inappropriate placement and architectural design of the administrative building, as well as the expected overcrowding in the near future. The most significant phase of the task was locating and designing the administrative building of the cemetery.

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The urban design of the cemetery was conducted in four consecutive steps. First, the analysis of the site showed that there is vast empty space on the north, just next to the cemetery. We decided to join this space to the cemetery because the existing is too crowded, offering an alternative solution for building this space in the second phase of the revitalization. In the second step we removed the busy road between two cemeteries and transformed it into pedestrian zone. We applied the same principle between Magdalena cemetery and the new part of the cemetery, creating two main axes. We decided to convert the new part into a cemetery park.

The third step includes distribution of different program in the area, defining a position for the new building that will contain administration, shops, mortuaries and a chapel. Finally, the whole complex was enclosed by wooden fence that clearly defines the cemetery borders.

Urban design schemes

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Narrow site plan of administration building

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Ground floor plan

Longitudinal section

The main building of the cemetery is designed by dividing the space in four different program units: administration, mortuaries, chapel and open porch in the end. They are arranged organized around two inner courtyards. One of them is the core of the office units and the other integrates the ceremonial spaces, the mortuaries and the chapel. All of the rooms are accessible from the courtyards, which allows them to be more private and intimate. There are six mortuaries and each one of them has its own atrium. The position of the chapel and the open porch follow the flow of the funeral ceremony.

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Related to the building’s sensitive program, its design is interpreted through simple architectural language, using basic forms and natural materials, like stone for the building’s facade, wood for the fence and grass and water for its surrounding. The whole volume of the building is expressed as one straight line with only oscillation that emphasizes the position of the chapel. Its minimalist and introvert composition succeeds to make a subtle and unobtrusive correspondace to the surrounding graveyards.

North-west elevation

South-west elevation

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PROJECT MARIBOR-GRAZ: SUSTAINABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT Course: Studio - sustainable building University of Maribor Location: Wildon, Austria Project year: 2014-2015

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Wildon is a small town in Austria that has a strategic position between two important cities, Maribor in Slovenia and Graz in Austria. The aim of the project was to design a sustainable housing development in the hinterland of the urban agglomeration along the development axis Maribor-Graz, at the public transport node in the town of Wildon. The main design issue was the noise protection because of the position of the site, along a busy road and near to the railroad. Additionally, other considerations were related to the conection of the site to the urban context - connection to the old town and the train station, but also creating open spaces for public use.

Connection of the site with the old town of Wildon is proposed by detecting places in the old town that have potential of becoming a green area surrounded by an existing built structure. Next, these places are transformed into green courtyards in the town, elements that are missing in the urban structure of the town. Finally, these spots are connected to each other, including the two courtyards in the new neighborhood, with pedestrian and bicycle lanes, into a green promenade through the old town that links it to the new part. In that way, we are coming to a result of representing the different scales of the relation between the built structure and the green spaces in this concept: building, neighborhood and town. In other words we can say: small, medium and large courtyard.

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A new idea for living in a new neighborhood in Wildon, green courtyards with common spaces and noise protection from the train and the road itself, were the main issues and considerations that generated the design of the site. It consists of two built volumes enclosed from three sides, creating two private green courtyards, thus providing one novel proposal for a neighborhood in Wildon. Additionally, the concept also offers appropriate exploitation of the orientation and logical paths for connection with the existing train station and the river on the opposite side of the road, which is thought to be conducted by underground passages.

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Site plan

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Ground floor plan

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The design of the building derrives from the logical consideration of the orientation of the dwellings.

The building consists of two types of communications. The first one is a corridor, which is placed along the road, therefore providing dwellings with one-sided orientation to the inner courtyard. The other one is a core for three dwellings per storey, which allows the apartments to be oriented to both sides. The communucations are positioned on the corners of the building, which are considered to be places that are not compatible for insolation of dwellings, and next to the passages, which provides covered entrance area, additional space for bike parking and acces to both sides.

Section

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S1

Roofing sheet metal 0,8 cm Timber framework 5 cm Waterproofing Thermal insulation - rock wool 20 cm Vapor barrier Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 46,8 cm

S2

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 3 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Thermal insulation - rock wool 10 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Wooden boards 2,5 cm, Total 47 cm

S3

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 3 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 33 cm

S4

Wooden boards 2 cm Cement screed 3-5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 8 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 34-36 cm

S5

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 8 cm Reinforced concrete foundation slab 30 cm Separation foil Expanded polystyrene 10 cm Waterproofing Thermal insulation 10 cm Lean concrete base 10 cm Gravel 30 cm Total 107 cm

S6

Concrete tiles 5 cm Sand 15 cm Gravel Total 20 cm

W1

External plastering 2 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Reinforced concrete 30 cm Plasterboard 1,5 cm Total 48,5 cm

W2

External plastering 2 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Reinforced concrete 30 cm Thermal insulation - rock wool 10 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Wooden boards 2,5 cm Total 62 cm

W3

Wooden boards 2,5 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Concrete wall 20 cm Plasterboard 1,5 cm Total 41,5 cm

Detail section

View from the street

View from the courtyard

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REVITALIZATION OF CENTER OF DUPLEK Course: Smart architecture University of Maribor Location: Spodnji Duplek, Slovenia Project year: 2014-2015 In collaboration with Eva Bajec, Đorđe Mrdak, Mirko Mugoša and Kaja Svetina

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Spodnji Duplek is a settlement and the administrative center of the Municipality of Duplek in northeastern Slovenia. The main issue of this project derives from the current state of the central area of the town. It is not clearly defined as a center, neither by built environment, open spaces nor public contents. The theme of the project is urban and architectural design of the new center that is going to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants.

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The main idea of the urban design is the square as a central space for events and other public activities. The center can be reached by a promenade with public contents: a post office, pharmacy, cafeteria, bakery, a small food shop, library and a restaurant. The promenade ends with a covered market situated right next to a multi-purpose hall. In the north-eastern part of the new central area, we placed an assembly of row houses. At the given location we rearranged the traffic and provided access only to pedestrians in the new center.

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Site plan: 1. square, 2. multi-purpose hall, 3. public content building, 4. supermarket, 5. existing residential building 6. row houses, 7. health center, 8. supermarket, 9. bicycle park, 10. individual houses, 11. gas station

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Architectural concept of both of the buildings is based on dynamics of the roof and selection of materials. The building with public contents is designed by multiplication of the gable roof, as an element of representation of the traditional architecture of a village. Thus, its monolithic elongated volume becomes more vibrant and dynamic. The multi-purpose hall, on the other hand, icorporates the basic model of hall roof, providing daylight in the hall, but also providing continuation of the roof shape dynamics.

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Multi-purpose hall, ground floor plan

Public content building, ground floor plan. Contents (from left to right): cafeteria, cafeteria, restaurant, library, pharmacy, post office, bakery

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Section 1-1

Section 4-4

Section 3-3

Section 2-2

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Material selection is based on the buildings’ location, surrounded by agricultural fields and other natural elements. Wood was chosen because of its natural parameters, but also because it helps to create architecture in a rural scale that is unpretentious and expresses tradition and contemporaneity in the same time. The porch plays an important role in the architectural concept, connecting elongated public building with the multi-purpose hall and in the same time providing covered path to all the public contents to the pedestrians. Near to the hall, the porch is getting bigger dimension and becomes a covered market.

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SUSTAINABLE REFURBISHMENT OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING Course: Sustainable concepts of building design University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2014-2015 In collaboration with Đorđe Mrdak and Mirko Mugoša

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The sustainable refurbishment of the residential building refers to a complete renovation of the building. The projects deals with the concept of refurbishment in three aspects: architectural, spatial and technical. The last one covers all of the required analysis, plans of intervention, energy savings calculations and living comfort of the building. While analyzing the existing building, the following was recorded:

Advantages: - Living rooms are have south orientation; - Complete south facade is covered with windows; - Excellent views to the north; - Simple design of the apartments; - Great potential for renovating and using the roof terrace.

Disadvantages: - Entrance of the building is narrow; - No elevator; - Inappropriate use of underground level; - South facing openings don’t have shading devices; - Apartments’ concept does not meet contemporary needs.

Architectural refurbishment concept consists of two steps. First is addition of the building on the top, placing two stories with three comfortable apartments. The other is increasing the width of the balconies on the south, while putting sliding shading devices which provide the possibility of opening and closing depending on the needs.

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Typical floor plan and plan of intervention / Before refurbishment

Typical floor plan and plan of intervention / After refurbishment

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The organizational and functional scheme of the apartments and other spaces of the building were also changed. The entrance was redesigned to be wider, while an elevator was also added in the new plan, in the empty space of the staircase. The apartments were rearranged in a way that all of the living spaces (living room, dining room and kitchen) were placed on the south, while the sleeping rooms were oriented to the north. There are two different types of dwellings in the building, one of which was transformed from one-bedroom into two-bedroom apartment.

DEMOLISHED ELEMENTS

Cross section and plan of intervention / Before refurbishment

NEW CONSTRUCTION

Cross section and plan of intervention / After refurbishment

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Sustainable aspects of refurbishment include several steps of renovation that lead to more energy efficient building. First, the thermal envelope of the building was renovated, by adding thermal insulation to the floor slabs, walls and roof. Second, a replacement of all of the doors and windows is planned, including shading devices that will reduce cooling demands during summer. Third, high-performance materials were chosen for the new addition regarding energy efficiency. And last, additional ventilation with heat recovery was planned. Additionally, roof garden was added on the flat roof in order to reduce heat losses, as well as the glazing surface on south facade was increased in order to provide solar gains and reduce energy consumption.

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Existing building

Floor slab renovation

Wall renovation

Roof renovation

Windows replacement

Application of shading devices

Heating: Transmission heat losses Qt (kWh/m²a); Ventilation heat losses Qv (kWh/m²a); ......Internal heat gains Qi (kWh/m²a); Annual heating demand Qh (kWh/m²a).

Cooling: Available solar heat gains Qs (kWh/m²a); Cooling demand Qc (kWh/m²a).

Final renovation with addition

Ventilation with heat recovery

Available solar heat gains Qs (kWh/m²a);

The chart shows the changes of the heat losses during the phases of refurbishment. It is evident that after the refurbishment of the building, its annual heating demands have been significantly reduced from 206 kWh/m2a to 19 kWh/m²a.

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South-west view before (left) and after (right) refurbishment

North-east view before (left) and after (right) refurbishment

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FITNESS & RECREATION CENTER Course: Studio M2 University of Maribor Location: Celje, Slovenia Project year: 2014

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The center for fitness and recreation is located in the old town of Celje, in central Slovenia. It is a very contextually sensitive subject because it is about interpolation between two historic buildings. The biggest design challenge is the side elevation of one of the buildings, which has several windows distributed in a vertical zone, taking one part of the facade. Thus, the main objectives of the project were to design a building with sports and recreational program, that will fill the gap in the continuity of the street front, without having to obstruct the daylight of the neighboring building, and in the same time that will provide access to the backyard.

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continuation

front - building in a row

separation

freestanding building

relationship to the context

connection + passage

The relationship to the context was the design imperative in the interpolation that was conducted in several consecutive steps. The basic volume followed the height and the width of the neighboring building on the left. Then it was divided in two parts, according to the side elevation of the neighboring building that has openings. The back part of the volume is separated from the adjacent building in order to preserve daylight, while the front part remains full to maintain continuity.

Both volumes are shaped by using contextual motifs, such as diagonal lines that connect both buildings. Finally, a passage is created in the front volume in order to create interaction between the street and backyard.

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Ground floor plan

Third floor plan

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Section 1-1

Section 2-2

Regarding the program, the building includes two squash courts in the underground level, a lobby on the ground floor, then several gyms for fitness (first floor), aerobic (second floor), weightlifting (third floor) and yoga and meditation (fourth floor), and all the necessary technical rooms, wardrobes and sanitary facilities.

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West elevation

The facade of the sport center is simply perforated with square windows that should emphasize the shape of the building. The volume of the building needs to be achieve certain powerful appearance, which is done by selection of facade material that is not supposed to be too transparent. Therefore, the facade is constructed with vertical aluminium panels with three different shades.

East elevation

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Street view

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Interior of the lobby

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SQUARE + EDUCATIONAL CENTER FOR ARTS Course: Methods and concepts of town planning University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2013-2014 In collaboration with Đorđe Mrdak and Mirko Mugoša

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PRIVATE SEMI-PUBLIC PUBLIC

The project covers urban and architectural design of an urban block in the central area of the city of Maribor. The site consists of two existing residential buildings, a medieval tower and wide open space, which was transformed into a square. The biggest design challenge was the level difference of the new square, so the upper and lower part were not connected. The idea was to start with creating a new building which roof allows continuation of the square and in the same time provides entrance from the level of the street. The next step was adding another volume above that contains the contents of the art school. Therefore, the new building links the square and the street and provides entrances both from the street and the square.

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The horizontal part of the building under the square surface includes underground garage in the northern part, interactive working spaces for the students in the middle and public contents like lobby, canteen and art gallery on the southern part that is closest to the street. The upper floors i.e. the vertical part of the building incorporates all of the programs that are necessary for the educational process of the art school: library, classrooms, amphitheater and offices.

Site plan

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Ground floor plan

Second floor plan

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Horizontal volume of the square is perforated with round openings that provide communication with underground contents and provide daylight at the same time. Vertical volume follows a dynamic zig-zag line which helps in shaping the corners in the ground floor and emphasizes the movement and direction.

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HOUSING FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE Course: Studio M1 University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2013-2014

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The site is positioned in the periphery of the city of Maribor, about 3 kilometers away from the city center. The location is defined by streets on two sides and the northeastern side of the location borders cultivable land like a small wheatfield, while there is a Primary school on the northwestern side. Near the site, on the north side there is a forest, while the other three sides are surrounded by residential areas.

The evolution of building’s form follows several steps of horizontal or vertical penetration and displacement of volumes. In this way, the form of this housing unit provides interaction between exterior and interior space.

The building has a capacity of 157 people in care that are distributed in six residential units.

Spatial evolution diagraming

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Ground floor plan

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The housing unit for nursing elderly people with dementia is located on the ground floor, while the remaining units are distributed in four floors, in playful volumes and spaces. These housing units link the public contents, located in the ground floor with orthogonal-organic form. The ground floor includes a restaurant with kitchen, health office, library, small chapel, and administration. These spaces are organized around three atriums, one of which has a restricted access and belongs only to the people with dementia.

Section

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The complex also includes two residential buildings which are inteted to serve as rental apartments, with total capacity of 60 apartments. They are placed on the periphery of the nursing home and in a certain way they separate the building from the neighbouring buildings. One of these buildings also includes supporting public contents in the ground floor, such as pharmacy, beauty salon, and cafeteria. All of these contents are directly connected to the street. The underground level includes technical categories, as well as parking for the rental apartments.

West elevation

South elevation

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Regarding the landscape architecture, the site incorporates lots of green areas, with a variety of trees, pedestrian paths, water surfaces, agricultural fields and other contents that stimulate social interaction between the residents of the nursing home. The architectural expression of the building, along with the playful volums and selection of materials, is completed by placing specific balconies on the facade.

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MANSION BLOCK Course: Residential buildings University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2013-2014

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This apartment building is located near the city center in Maribor. It consists of one underground level, which includes parking and storage spaces, and ground floor and two other floors which are designed for housing. Communication core has central position, providing better orientation for the apartments. In this way, all of the apartments are positioned on the corners of the building. Regarding the materialization, the first two stories are designed as a massive base, while the third is in wood, which gives the impression of lighter structure.

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Second floor plan

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The whole building has total of 10 apartments. There are different types of apartments, with two, three and four bedrooms. Some of them are twolevel apartments - duplexes. The last floor contains common terrace and common room which can be used by all of the residents.

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TOWN SQUARE DESIGN IN THE CENTER OF GEVGELIJA National competition 3rd prize Municipaluty of Gevgelija Location: Gevgelija, Macedonia Project year: 2012 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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Site plan

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This project proposes an architectural and urban solution for a square in the center of Gevgelija, a city near the south border of the country. The square covers 25.000 m² of the strictest downtown area. The main goal of this project is unification and integration of the space in the city center and its diversities. Methodologically, we used an elaboration of the floor pattern arrangement in order to unite the diversity of space. As a unifying element, it is provided through a simple repetitive module of material and color contrasts and their proper application, depending on the context. Particular attention has been paid to the modular design as a methodology for introducing an order. By minimal financial interventions, we achieved optimal aesthetic and comfortable solution. The project includes numerous contents, such as an underground garage, covered street, parks, ooutdoor amphitheater, and places with fountains, monuments, trees and benches. The center of the square is emphasized with a modern mininalist clock tower, which can be seen from everywhere on the planned area.

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REDESIGN AND RESTORATION OF BRIDGES ALONG DRAGOR RIVER IN BITOLA National competition 1st prize Municipaluty of Bitola Location: Bitola, Macedonia Project year: 2012 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski and Milena Shundovska

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Mountain views - bridge silhouette

Close to school - 7 days = 7 parts (5 full and 2 blank)

Close to court - strict outline

Close to City Hall where marriage ceremonies are held - representation of two rings

The competition’s main objective was to restore and redesign all of the bridges located in the old city core in Bitola, Macedonia. There are total of 13 bridges with different dimensions, but we observed that their design is mostly identical so none of the bridges stands out with its individual characteristics. That is why the bridges in Bitola are usually referenced by its location. Therefore, we wanted to create unique image for every bridge, based on the context they are in, the history they tell or the daily activites of the users.

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One of the bridges is called Linen Bridge, which refers to the tradition of selling linen back in the time, exactly on this place. We wanted to visually revive the tradition and we translated the texture detail of linen into a design concept for the bridge.

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MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING NEW COLLECTIVE HOUSING Course: Diploma Thesis Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2011

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The project elaborates on the issue of a multi-family residential building based on the concept of new collective housing as a designer’s approach applied to improve the quality of housing. This building is located on the periphery of the city of Skopje. The site is surrounded only by freestanding structures, where the absence of continuous structures is evident.

Therefore, the image of the urban context stimulates the idea of dividing the basic volume through the relation between full and empty spaces.

The formal concept of the building consists of three individual structures, designed to include the residential space. The communication core, including a staircase and an elevator, is placed in the empty space between them. There is airspace between the core and the residential zone . This design approach provides several advantages including: lighting of dwellings from three sides, easy accessibility to all dwellings, design flexibility and access to the backyard of the lot.

Schematic volume generating

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Typical floor plan

Ground floor plan

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LIVING

UTILITY

OFFICE

EXTENSION

KITCHEN

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LIBRARY

BATHROOM

STAIRS

FOYER

Concept of Service facade

SLEEPING

BATHROOM

STAIRCACE

KITCHEN

SERVICE FACADE

OTHER

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UTILITY

SERVICES

Sanitary facilities, service contents and vertical communications in all the apartments are concentrated in a peripheral track - a concept named “service facade”. Service façade is one of the most significant features of the dwelling units, because they promote a number of benefits including: providing air circulation and ventilation of all service rooms; smooth implementation of installation canals; and complete flexibility of internal space, especially due to its peripheral disposition.

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DWELLING

PARKING

COMMUNICATION

COMMON SPACES 21%

50% 1870 m²

17% 780 m²

640 m²

ONE-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 3 ONE-AND-A-HALF-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: TWO-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 5 THREE-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 4 12% 450 m² 38%

31% 720 m²

23% 815 m²

8% 215 m²

120 m²

Regarding the program, the building includes a total of thirteen apartments with different spatial configuration and program content which provides housing for families with different socio-cultural characteristics, which is yet another aspect of the concept of a new collective housing. The construction of the building is a combination of steel and reinforced concrete. The building is energy, environmentally and socially sustainable and completely satisfying the aspects of self-sufficient architecture.

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South elevation

Longitudinal section

Cross sections

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Concepts of sustainability

Exploitation of geothermal energy Collection of rainwater Sun protection with window blinds

A specific system called Solar Ivy is applied on the south facade. It consists of thin quivering solar panels that generate energy by receiving sunlight. Wind energy and solar energy that generate these photovoltaic leaves can easily be integrated on a surface of an object in order to produce energy. The concept consists of layers of thin polyethylene material on piezoelectric generator that is attached to each leaf.

Solar Ivy generates energy every time when the sun shines or the wind blows. As a response to the solar ivy on the south facade, the northern is coverd with natural vegetation that will reduce the heat of the building.

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COMPLEX FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DEHYDRATED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Course: Industrial buildings design Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2010-2011

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The entire complex contains: main production facilities, warehouses, annex (wardrobes and sanitation for workers, laboratories and monitoring of the technological process, administration, restaurant cuisine and economic premises) and accompanying facilities (substation, boiler room, garages and workshop overheads). The production hall, warehouse and the annex are integrated into one building represented by three different volumes linked by horizontal and vertical elements of communication.

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1) Production hall + warehouse 2) Horizontal and vertical communication 3) Detached administration

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Ground floor plan

Third floor plan

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External rendering view of: warehouses (bottom left), production unit (bottom right) and administration (top)

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South elevation

Section 3-3

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The production hall and warehouse have frame construction system of steel I-sections. Dilated from them, the annex has a combined constructive system. The first two levels have skeleton reinforced concrete system with reinforced concrete cores that represent the main load bearing elements of the restaurant and administration. This structure has special architectural shaping treatment. A steel truss relies on the reinforced concrete cores. It is a part of the interior and exterior expression of the building. It is separated from the ground floor by an empty level that is intended as penetrable terrace. As a result, the restaurant and administration stand out as floating over the production process. The height and the special faรงade treatment with curtain walls provide excellent scenic views to the surroundings.

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SKYSCRAPER / VERTICAL ONTOLOGY Course: Selected design studio Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia; Krivolak, Macedonia Project year: 2010-2011 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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The skyscraper is part of a project represented by a configuration of many skyscrapers, which explore the possibilities of placing a prototype in different locations. The prototype has given the following parameters: height 300 meters and a basis with dimensions 50/50 meters. Firstly, the skyscrapers are designed to be placed in an urban context, in this case all over the city of Skopje.

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300 m

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150 m

100 m

50 m

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The specific location of this skyscraper is near the marketplace Bit Pazar, in the old city core. This place offers plenty of exciting scenarios, a great diversity of program content and numerous cultural and historical monuments. In the immediate vicinity of the building there are some significantly high structures, such as a clock tower, minarets of mosques, the seat of the national Macedonian Television, mall Mavrovka and others that in some way encourage and announce the rise of new vertical structure.

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The form of the skyscraper actually comes from shaping the given basic volume through differentiation of the primary structure. Differentiation of the structure is made by creating a linear matrix in floor plan and elevation. Horizontal matrix basically generates variations by stories. As a result, the building gets four different bases, each including equal number of stories. As a response to the horizontal matrix, vertical matrix develops in elevation and provides four different heights of the object. Spatial matrix derives by crossing the horizontal and vertical matrix , representing the spatial configuration of the skyscraper. It can simply be described as a diagram process "subtraction of adding", which means reducing the volume as increasing the height. The final design reflects a stable and static construction that offers different experiences depending on the point of observation.

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Outer casing of the sk yscraper is two-layered, differentiating an inner and an outer layer, analogous to the relationship between crust and core in an object. As a result, the building appears as it has one part that is cut off.

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The second phase of the project consists of placing the skyscraper prototypes on a different location. Now, the skyscrapers are distributed on a large scale macro location – the whole territory of Republic of Macedonia. There are a total of 20 prototypes positioned along the main river in the country, Vardar River, connecting the northern and the southern borders of the country. The particular location of this skyscraper is the center of Republic of Macedonia, near the village of Krivolak. It is best known for having the only military range in the country in its immediate vicinity. The context is mainly composed of plains and agricultural fields and low hills. This means that the skyscraper vertical will undoubtedly dominate not only in its closer, but also in its wider landscape.

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Typical floor plan / 58-75th floor

Typical floor plan / 39-57th floor

Typical floor plan / 20-38th floor

Typical floor plan / 2-19th floor

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The content of the skyscraper in the most part depends on its location. Absorbing the specific features of the context and the landscape, the skyscraper gets specific program as every modern military center: accommodation for soldiers and military administration, military academy that i nvo l ve s p hy s i c a l a n d i n te l l e c t u a l e d u c a t i o n , communications system, information system, video surveillance system, navigation center, administration, health center, as well as commercial and contents of social character.

Section

Floor covering

Reinforced concrete core 20 cm Secondary steel construction 200/240 mm Primary steel construction 280/240 mm

Steel beams 160/240 mm

Steel columns 200/200 mm

Structural glass facade

Axonometric view and detailed destription of constructive system

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MULTIPLEX CINEMA Course: Public buildings design I Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2009-2010 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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MACEDONIAN OPERA AND BALLET

MULTIPLEX CINEMA

Site plan

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Ground floor plan

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The project is about designing a multiplex cinema with accompanying content, located within the cultural center in Skopje, along Vardar river, and right next to Macedonian Opera and Ballet. The building is composed of several program units: cinema (with a capacity of 1200 spectators), cinematheque (with a capacity of 160 spectators), and annex with additional content.

Top: north elevation / Bottom: south elevation

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The cinema and cinematheque are designed that way they can work together and separately, depending on the needs. The composition of the design also includes additional contents, such fast food restaurants, entertainment, shops, and administration with a separate entrance. The parking is placed underground. Annex building extends to three stories, while the movie theater has two stories. Cinema gallery accepts one third of spectators in the hall, while the remaining two-thirds of the audience are

Section 1-1

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FARM FOR 18 PIGS, 8 COWS AND 50 CHICKENS Course: Economic buildings design Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2009-2010

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Axonometric view of the farm

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3

4 5 6

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8 10

11 14 12

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RESIDENTIAL BUILDING FRONT YARD SUMMER KITCHEN GARAGE WORKSHOP FOOD WAREHOUSE COW BARN PIG BARN DITCH CORN CAGE CHICKEN COOP GARDEN RUBBISH HEAP ORCHARD

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The farm is a part of individual rural farmyard for serving various domestic animals - 18 pigs, 8 cows and 50 chickens. The site has an elongated shape, which suggests a simple organizational scheme with different zones. The front zone includes the residential part of the farm, which consists of individual residential building for six-membered family, with additional spaces, such as garage, storage room, summer kitchen and a garden.

C

B

A

A B C

COW BARN PIG BARN AUXILIARY FACILITIES

Ground floor plan

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Second zone includes the production facilities of the farm which consists of barn facilities, barn for cows, barn for pigs, chicken coop, food warehouse, garage, workshop, ditch, corn cage and rubbish heap. The barns for cows and pigs are united under one roof, but functionally they are split into two separate buildings that communicate with each other. The side part of the site represents the third zone of the farmyard which includes an orchard.

Section 3-3 / From left to right: barn for cows, warehouse, workplace, garage

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Architectural and constructive detail

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South-west elevation

South-east elevation

Detail

Section 2-2: barn for hogs

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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL CENTER FOR HORTICULTURE Course: Public buildings design I Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2009 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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The site covers an area of 36,000 m². The main building has a program content divided into several program units: entrance, scientific tract, research tract, educational tract, administration and outdoor space with trees and public green space. The shape of the center derives from the concept of ecological architecture, in which the building is defined by the empty space.

Evolution of the form: subtracting the building on behalf of nature

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South elevation

Ground floor plan

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Program units are placed in separate sectors that are adapted to their needs, and they are all connected to the circular entrance hall, which, as a building's core, enables communication between the tracts and it also enables the distribution of the users. When designing, a special attention has been paid to the orientation of the special programs and their insolation needs. Educational tract with classrooms is oriented on the south, and for the needs of laboratories, research tract is oriented to the north.

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SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSING IN A CLUSTER Course: Residential buildings design Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2009 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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The subject of design is construction of a small residential cluster, formed by single-family houses. The site is built exclusively by family houses that form small social and spatial groups. The narrow site, that is subject of design, extends across three parcels of different shape and size.

Architectural and urban design of the housing group stems from the concept of terrain reconfiguration and its adjustment to the building, which will represent a continuation of the street slope. Volume shaping interventions are made in order to gain more positive aspects, such as continuous motion, utilization of solar energy and meeting the needs for self-sufficient architecture, encouraging human cohabitation and communication between neighbors, shaping the corner in order to obtain a space for open exhibitions etc.

Architectural concept

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First floor plan a) house for a couple b) house for 3-membered family c) house for 3-membered family d) house for a couple k) kindergarten

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West elevation

East elevation

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According to the physical and social conditions, this housing cluster provides home for four different families. According to the spatial disposition and program contents, it also provides high quality of life for the residents. The cluster includes various types of single-family houses, which stimulate the feeling of identity of the resident, but in the same time stimulate privacy and human cohabitation. The project contains several mutual open spaces, such as parking, gardens and the rooftop, which additionaly provide more condition for stimulating human cohabitation between the residents. Also, the site incorporates a kindergarten, that should meet the needs of the housing group.

Section 1-1

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Hristijan Babuka Selected works 2009 - 2015 hristijan.babuka@gmail.com

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Copyright Š Hristijan Babuka 2015