Architecture Portfolio - Hristijan Babuka

HRISTIJAN BABUKA Architecture portfolio

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO Hristijan Babuka | Selected works

Renovation and spatial redefinition of Mala Stanica multimedia center 4 Reconstruction and extension of Universal hall Skopje 10 Sustainable refurbishment of Martin KonĹĄak Primary School 16 Revitalization of PobreĹžje cemetery 26 Project Maribor-Graz: Sustainable housing development 32 Revitalization of the center of Duplek 38 Fitness & recreation center 44 Square + educational arts center 50 Apartment building 54 Multi-family residential building - A home of the new collective housing 58 Complex for the production of dehydrated fruits and vegetables 66 Skyscraper / A vertical ontology 72 Multiplex cinema 80

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Hristijan Babuka 30.08.1987, Bitola, Macedonia

Kliment Ohridski 27/28, 7000 Bitola, Macedonia +389 (0)75 752 650 hristijan.babuka@gmail.com

EDUCATION

Master of Science in Architectural Engineering 2013 - 2016 University of Maribor Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture Department of Architecture / Module: Sustainable building Engineer’s Degree in Architecture 2006 - 2011 Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Faculty of Architecture, Skopje

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Independent engineer - Architectural designer 2017 - present Civil Engineering Institute Macedonia, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Architect 2016 ARX Portugal Arquitectos, Lisbon, Portugal Architectural designer and urban planner 2011 - 2013 DOOEL “Formi” Bitola, Republic of Macedonia

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CERTIFICATION

Licence B for preparation of project documentation 2014 Chamber of authorized architects and engineers of Republic of Macedonia Licence B for revision of project documentation 2014 Chamber of authorized architects and engineers of Republic of Macedonia

LANGUAGES

Macedonian - mother tongue English (understanding, speaking, writing) - excellent / TOEFL iBT score: 98 French (understanding, speaking, writing) - intermediate / DELF A2 Slovenian (understanding, speaking, writing) - excellent Serbian/Croatian (understanding, speaking, writing) - excellent Spanish (understanding, speaking, writing) - basic Portuguese (understanding, speaking, writing) - basic Bulgarian (understanding, writing) - very good

COMPUTER SKILLS

Autodesk AutoCAD Graphisoft ArchiCAD Autodesk Revit Artlantis Studio

Adobe Photoshop Adobe InDesign Adobe Illustrator Adobe Lightroom

CorelDRAW Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel Microsoft Power Point

Passive House Planning Package (PHPP)

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RENOVATION AND SPATIAL REDEFINITION OF MALA STANICA MULTIMEDIA CENTER National competition - 3rd prize National Gallery of Macedonia Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2018 In collaboration with Mario Batkoski, Sinisha Pavlovski, Aleksandra Trajkovska and Civil Engineering Institute Macedonia

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Architectural concept

The Mala Stanica centre operates as part of the National Gallery of Macedonia as a multimedia space with a diverse program.

It is spread out on 2000 m2 on two levels - ground floor and first floor. The constructive system of the facility is made of reinforced concrete columns connected through reinforced concrete walls.

The new proposal needed to comply with the following primary requirements: spatial, functional and program rearrangement, as well as a distinction of the separate units by user groups. Starting points of the reconstruction are program distribution, circulation patterns and spatial remodeling of the building’s interior.

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Ground floor plan

Section B-B

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In order to offer an undisturbed flow and circulation around the core of the multimedia space for the venue’s visitors, the new concept predicts either two entrances, or an entrance and an exit. The core of the building are the two staircases which enable a circular flow in the space, and the cafeteria on the ground floor which extends vertically all the way up to the roof. The building’s roof is made of glass in order to provide natural light distribution in the space.

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The new proposal keeps the existing number of floors, while lowering the level of a part of the ground floor of the building under the ground, to accommodate the office units and the museum depo. The ground floor includes both public and office units, while the first floor accommodates the exhibition units. One smaller exhibition space is also placed on the ground floor. It can be easily transformed into a multimedia room used for workshops, screenings and presentations.

The central area of the space along with the cafeteria on the ground floor is the conceptual highlight. The eminence of this space is further emphasized through the selection of materials and floor color, making it stand out even more from the gallery. To contrast the vibrancy of the cafeteria space, the exhibition walls are treated with neutral, lighter tones of white and gray. Contrary to the current state of the gallery, this proposal experiments with the idea of an airier space by creating openings in all of the walls to accommodate a higher visitor capacity, to improve visibility in the space and to increase the freedom of movement in the gallery. The openings elevate in the shape of an arc, in order to create a spatial continuity and a material unification, while enriching the spatial experience from before.

Axonometry

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RECONSTRUCTION AND EXTENSION OF UNIVERSAL HALL SKOPJE Investitor: Congress Center Alexander the Great (Universal Hall) Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2017 Civil Engineering Institute Macedonia

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Universal Hall is a multifunctional concert hall in Skopje, built in 1964-1966, after the devastating earthquake in 1963. Until recently it was the only venue in the country with the capacity to welcome a large group of people for public gatherings and cultural events. The building is fully integrated into the urban tissue and it is an inseparable part of the everyday life of Skopje and its inhabitants. The initiative for its reconstruction was taken because the building has been out of service for several years now.

Thะต full technical documentation, conceptual and architectural design was made by Civil Engineering Institute Macedonia. The new project includes complete reconstruction of the existing building and an extension with new programs and contents.

Congress center

Multi-functional

Commercial

Administrative

Program diagrams - Ground floor plan (left), 2nd floor plan (right)

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First floor plan - level 5.40

Section

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New contents, like a congress hall, a theater, conference rooms, exhibition spaces, cafeteria and offices are radially distributed around the concert hall. The concentric extensions create a playful composition, while keeping the authentic round shape of the existing building. The theater and the congress center, both located north of the music hall, stand out the most in this composition.

The theater can be used as a multifunctional auditorium for 200 spectators.

The congress center includes a congress hall for 120 visitors, four conference rooms for 30-40 visitors and six meeting rooms for bilateral conventions for 6-10 spectators. The congress center can operate as part of Universal Hall or independently. In the new proposal the concert hall is equipped with advanced stage mechanics technology and has a new interior with contemporary materials and an improved acoustic performance.

East elevation

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Interior renders: Concert hall (top), lobby (bottom left), congress hall (bottom right)

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SUSTAINABLE REFURBISHMENT OF MARTIN KONŠAK PRIMARY SCHOOL Master’s thesis University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2016

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Architectural refurbishment concept

The project presents a comprehensive approach for sustainable refurbishment of schools, treating Martin Konťak Primary School in Maribor, Slovenia, as a case study. The refurbishment concept involves renovation or demolition of particular elements and extension of the building’s volume. Furthermore, it covers energy-efficient strategies to reduce energy consumption and improve the environmental performance. The overall renovation proposal is based on both architectural and sustainable design principles.

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Site and ground floor plan

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Three types of intervention were made to the existing building. First, elements that are either unnecessary, have negative impact on the environment, occupy space or distort the architectural design of the building are demolished. Next, structure valuable to be preserved are renovated, but they are improved in order to meet the requirements of sustainable design. Finally, some parts of the building are extended in order to increase their capacity and adapt them to the basic spatial demands.

West elevation

North elevation

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The architectural refurbishment concept proposes several interventions. First, extension of the existing sports hall is made, due to its inappropriate size. It consists of three separate volumes for gym, cloakrooms and equipment storage.

The new proposal unites them all in one volume and gets a new specific configuration with a saw-tooth roof, that admits natural daylight, provides natural ventilation and collects the rainwater. Another intervention is adding a new volume above the central part of the school. It serves as a new library, since the existing one is small and interferes communication between the two educational tracts. Moreover, it can be used as a large flexible space for multimedia, laboratories and common spaces for studying and social interaction.

Section

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The main entrance before and after the refurbishment

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The concept of sustainability offers a comprehensive solution. It includes the following energy-efficient measures: improving the performance of the thermal envelope, windows replacement, green roofs with extensive vegetation, photovoltaic panels to produce energy, rainwater collection, using geothermal energy for heating and cooling, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, etc.

Other aspects of sustainable refurbishment are related to the stimulation of environmental awareness of the students.

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Sustainable refurbishment concept

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A connection between indoor and outdoor space is made by opening the central hall to the courtyard. Moreover, the covered porch that leads to the sports hall is changed for a more transparent one which allows penetration of daylight and protection from rain. Regarding the faรงade materialization, three different textures were used to subtly revive the exterior of the building. Different material reflects a particular program content, whereas wooden faรงade covers the new extended parts of the school.

An important passive strategy are the shading devices on the south-facing classroom windows. A light shelf is proposed as a shading system, which provides shading with overhang during the summer on one hand, and indirect lightning of the classrooms on the other hand. This concept is also connected to the solution for natural ventilation.

Concept for shading, lighting (left) and ventilation (right) of the classroom

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The pergola that links the school and the sports hall before and after the refurbishment

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REVITALIZATION OF POBREŽJE CEMETERY Course: Contemporary trends in architecture University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2015 In collaboration with Đorđe Mrdak and Mirko Mugoša

Narrow site plan of administration building

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The PobreĹžje cemetery consists of two parts: City cemetery on the south and Magdalena cemetery on the north. There is a busy road between that divides the cemetery, which is one of the main reasons for considering revitalization and potential extension of the cemetery. Inadequate orientation and unclear organization of the cemetery, inappropriate placement and design of the administrative building, as well as the expected overcrowding are other aspects that stimulate the design process. The most significant phase of the task was to locate and design the administration building of the cemetery.

The urban design of the cemetery was conducted in four consecutive steps. First, we joined the vast empty space on the north because the existing cemetery is too crowded.

Second, we removed the busy road between the two cemeteries and transformed it into a pedestrian zone. We applied the same principle between Magdalena cemetery and the new part of the cemetery, creating two main axes.

Then, we defined the different program and the position for the new building that will contain offices, shops, mortuaries and a chapel. Finally, the whole complex was enclosed by wooden fence that clearly defines the cemetery borders.

Urban design schemes - Four deisgn steps

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Ground floor plan

Longitudinal section

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The main building of the cemetery is designed by dividing the space in four different program units: administration, mortuaries, chapel and open porch in the end. They are arranged organized around two inner courtyards. One of them is the core of the office units and the other integrates the ceremonial spaces, the mortuaries and the chapel. All of the rooms are accessible from the courtyards, which allows them to be more private and intimate. There are six mortuaries and each one of them has its own atrium. The position of the chapel and the open porch follow the flow of the funeral ceremony.

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Related to the building’s sensitive program, its design is interpreted through simple architectural language, using basic forms and natural materials, like stone for the building’s facade, wood for the fence and grass and water for its surrounding. The whole volume of the building is expressed as one straight line with only oscillation that emphasizes the position of the chapel. Its minimalist and introvert composition succeeds to make a subtle and unobtrusive correspondace to the surrounding graveyards.

North-west elevation

South-west elevation

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PROJECT MARIBOR-GRAZ: SUSTAINABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT Course: Studio - Sustainable building University of Maribor Location: Wildon, Austria Project year: 2015

Wildon is a small town in Austria that has a strategic position between two important cities, Maribor in Slovenia and Graz in Austria. The aim of the project was to design a sustainable housing development in the hinterland of the urban agglomeration along the development axis Maribor-Graz, at the public transport node in the town of Wildon. The main design issue was the noise protection because of the position of the site, along a busy road and near to the railroad. Additionally, other considerations were related to the conection of the site to the urban context - connection to the old town and the train station, but also creating open spaces for public use.

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A proposal to connect the site to the old town is made by detecting places in the old town that have potential of becoming a green area surrounded by buildings. Next, these places are transformed into green courtyards in the town, elements that are missing in the urban structure of the town. Finally, these spots are connected to each other, including the two courtyards in the new neighborhood, with pedestrian and bicycle lanes, into a green promenade through the old town that links it to the new part. In that way, we are coming to a result of representing the different scales of the relation between the built structure and the green spaces: a building, a neighborhood and a town or in other words: S, M and L-sized courtyard.

Site plan

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The main issues that generated the design of the site were providing a new idea for living in a new neighborhood in Wildon, green courtyards with common spaces and noise protection from the train and the road itself. The site consists of two buildings enclosed from three sides, creating two private green courtyards. Additionally, the concept also offers logical exploitation of the orientation and connection with the existing train station and the river on the opposite side of the road, which is thought to be conducted by underground passages.

Ground floor plan

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The design derrives from а logical consideration of the dwellings’ orientation. The building has two types of communications. The first one is a corridor, which is placed along the road, creating dwellings with one-sided orientation to the courtyard. The other one is a core for three dwellings per storey.

It allows the apartments to be oriented to both sides. There are two position for the communucations: on the corners of the building, which are not suitable for insolation of dwellings, and next to the passages. Other than access to both sides of the building, the passages provides covered entrance and more bike parking.

Section

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S1

Roofing sheet metal 0,8 cm Timber framework 5 cm Waterproofing Thermal insulation - rock wool 20 cm Vapor barrier Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 46,8 cm

S2

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 3 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Thermal insulation - rock wool 10 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Wooden boards 2,5 cm, Total 47 cm

S3

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 3 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 33 cm

S4

Wooden boards 2 cm Cement screed 3-5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 8 cm Reinforced concrete slab 20 cm Plasterboard 1 cm Total 34-36 cm

S5

Wood flooring 2,5 cm Cement screed 6,5 cm PVC foil Thermal insulation - mineral wool 8 cm Reinforced concrete foundation slab 30 cm Separation foil Expanded polystyrene 10 cm Waterproofing Thermal insulation 10 cm Lean concrete base 10 cm Gravel 30 cm Total 107 cm

S6

Concrete tiles 5 cm Sand 15 cm Gravel Total 20 cm

W1

External plastering 2 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Reinforced concrete 30 cm Plasterboard 1,5 cm Total 48,5 cm

W2

External plastering 2 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Reinforced concrete 30 cm Thermal insulation - rock wool 10 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Wooden boards 2,5 cm Total 62 cm

W3

Wooden boards 2,5 cm Timber framework 2,5 cm Thermal insulation - wood fiberboard 15 cm Concrete wall 20 cm Plasterboard 1,5 cm Total 41,5 cm

Section detail

View from the courtyard

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REVITALIZATION OF THE CENTER OF DUPLEK Course: Smart architecture University of Maribor Location: Spodnji Duplek, Slovenia Project year: 2015 In collaboration with Eva Bajec, Đorđe Mrdak, Mirko Mugoša and Kaja Svetina

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Site plan: 1. square, 2. multi-purpose hall, 3. public content building, 4. supermarket, 5. existing residential building 6. row houses, 7. health center, 8. supermarket, 9. bicycle park, 10. individual houses, 11. gas station

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Spodnji Duplek is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. Currently its central area is not clearly defined because there are no buildings, open spaces and public contents. Thus, the main goal of this project was to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants through urban and architectural redesign of the new center. The core of the urban design proposal is creating a square as a central place for events and other public activities. A promenade with different public contents leads to the square. It ends with a covered market situated right next to a multi-purpose hall. In the north-eastern part

of the new central area, there is an assembly of row houses. At the given location the traffic is rearranged and restricted to pedestrians only.

The architectural concept of both buildings is based on roof dynamics and material selection. The building with public program is designed by multiplication of the gable roof inspired by the traditional village houses. Thus, its monolithic elongated volume becomes more vibrant and dynamic. The multi-purpose hall, on the other hand, icorporates the basic model of a saw-tooth roof. It provides daylight in the hall continuation of the roof dynamics.

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Multi-purpose hall, ground floor plan

Public content building, ground floor plan. Contents (from left to right): cafeteria, cafeteria, restaurant, library, pharmacy, post office, bakery

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Section 1-1

Section 2-2

Section 3-3

Section 4-4

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Material selection is based on the buildings’ location, surrounded by agricultural fields and other natural elements. Wood was chosen because of its natural parameters, but also because it helps to create architecture in a rural scale that is unpretentious and expresses tradition and contemporaneity in the same time. The porch plays an important role in the architectural concept, connecting elongated public building with the multi-purpose hall and in the same time providing covered path to all the public contents to the pedestrians. Near to the hall, the porch is getting bigger dimension and becomes a covered market.

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FITNESS & RECREATION CENTER Course: Studio M2 University of Maribor Location: Celje, Slovenia Project year: 2014

The fitness and recreation center is located in Celje’s old town, in central Slovenia. It is supposed to be interpolated between two historic buildings, thus it requires a contextually sensitive design. There are windows on a part of the side of one of the buildings in the row which make the design task more challenging.

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Thus, the main objectives of the project were to design a building with sports and recreational program, that will fill the gap in the continuity of the street front, without having to obstruct the daylight of the neighboring building, and in the same time that will provide access to the backyard.

Continuation

Separation

Front - Building in a row

Back - Freestanding building

Relationship to the context

Connection + passage

The relationship to the context was the design imperative in the interpolation that was conducted in several consecutive steps. The basic volume followed the height and the width of the neighboring building on the left. Then it was divided in two parts, according to the side elevation of the neighboring building that has openings. The back part of the volume is separated from the adjacent building in order to preserve daylight, while the front part remains full to maintain continuity.

Both volumes are shaped by using contextual motifs, such as diagonal lines that connect both buildings. Finally, a passage is created in the front volume in order to create interaction between the street and backyard.

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Ground floor plan

Third floor plan

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Regarding the program, the building includes two squash courts in the underground level, a lobby on the ground floor, then several gyms for fitness (first floor), aerobic (second floor), weightlifting (third floor) and yoga and meditation (fourth floor), and all the necessary technical rooms, wardrobes and sanitary facilities.

Section 1-1

Section 2-2

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The facade of the sport center is simply perforated with square windows that should emphasize the shape of the building. The volume of the building needs to be achieve certain powerful appearance, which is done by selection of facade material that is not supposed to be too transparent. Therefore, the facade is constructed with vertical aluminium panels with three different shades.

West elevation

East elevation

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Interior design of the lobby

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SQUARE + EDUCATIONAL ARTS CENTER Course: Methods and concepts of town planning University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2014 In collaboration with Đorđe Mrdak and Mirko Mugoša

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North elevation

Site plan

The project covers urban and architectural design of an urban block in the central area of Maribor. The site consists of two existing residential buildings, a medieval tower and wide open space, which was transformed into a square. The biggest design challenge was the level difference of the new square, so the upper and lower part were not connected. The idea

was to start with creating a new building which roof allows continuation of the square and in the same time provides entrance from the level of the street. The next step was adding another volume above that contains the contents of the art school. Therefore, the new building links the square and the street and provides entrances both from the street and the square.

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Ground floor plan

Second floor plan

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The horizontal part of the building under the square surface includes underground garage in the northern part, interactive working spaces for the students in the middle and public contents like lobby, canteen and art gallery on the southern part that is closest to the street.

The upper floors i.e. the vertical part of the building incorporates all of the programs that are necessary for the educational process of the

art school: library, classrooms, amphitheater and offices. Horizontal volume of the square is perforated with round openings that provide communication with underground contents and provide daylight at the same time. Vertical volume follows a dynamic zig-zag line which helps in shaping the corners in the ground floor and emphasizes the movement and direction.

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APARTMENT BUILDING Course: Residential buildings University of Maribor Location: Maribor, Slovenia Project year: 2014

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This apartment building is located near the city center of Maribor. It consists of one underground level, which includes parking and storage spaces, a ground floor and two more floors designed for housing. The communication core has a central position, providing better orientation for the apartments. In this way, all of the apartments are positioned on the corners of the building. Regarding the materialization, the first two stories are designed as a massive base, while the third is in wood, which gives the impression of a lighter structure.

Main entrance

Common terrace

Single-storey apartment loggia

Apartment terrace Two-storey apartment loggia

South facade diagram

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Second floor plan

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The whole building has total of 10 apartments. There are different types of apartments, with two, three and four bedrooms. Some of them are twolevel apartments - duplexes. The last floor contains common terrace and common room which can be used by all of the residents.

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MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING A HOME OF THE NEW COLLECTIVE HOUSING Diploma Thesis Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2011

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The project elaborates on the issue of a multi-family residential building based on the concept of new collective housing as a designer’s approach applied to improve the quality of housing. This building is located on the periphery of the city of Skopje. The site is surrounded only by freestanding structures, where the absence of continuous structures is evident.

Therefore, the image of the urban context stimulates the idea of dividing the basic volume through the relation between full and empty spaces.

The formal concept of the building consists of three individual structures, designed to include the residential space. The communication core, that contains a staircase and an elevator, is placed in the empty space between them. There is airspace between the core and the residential zone. This design approach provides several advantages including: lighting of dwellings from three sides, easy accessibility to all dwellings, design flexibility and access to the backyard of the lot.

Schematic form generation

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Typical floor plan

Ground floor plan

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DWELLING

PARKING

COMMUNICATION

COMMON SPACES 17%

21%

50% 1870 m²

780 m²

640 m²

ONE-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 3 ONE-AND-A-HALF-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: TWO-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 5 THREE-BEDROOM APARTMENTS: 4 12% 450 m² 38%

31% 720 m²

Regarding the program, the building includes a total of thirteen apartments with different spatial configuration and program content which provides housing for families with different socio-cultural characteristics, which is yet another aspect of the concept of a

A specific system called Solar Ivy is applied on the south facade. It consists of thin quivering solar panels that generate energy by receiving sunlight. These wind and solar power generating photovoltaic leaves can be easily integrated on the side of a building to produce energy. There is a thin-film material on top of polyethylene with a piezoelectric generator attached to each leaf. As a response to the solar ivy on the south facade, the northern is coverd with natural green wall that will reduce building’s overheating.

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23% 815 m²

8% 215 m²

120 m²

new collective housing. The construction of the building is a combination of steel and reinforced concrete. The building is energy, environmentally and socially sustainable and completely satisfying the aspects of selfsufficient architecture.

South elevation

Longitudinal section

Cross sections

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Service facade concept

SERVICE FACADE

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Sanitary facilities, service contents and vertical communications in all the apartments are concentrated in a peripheral track - a concept named “service facadeâ€?. Service façade is one of the most significant features of the dwelling units, because they promote a number of benefits including: providing air circulation and ventilation of all service rooms; smooth implementation of installation canals; and complete flexibility of internal space, especially due to its peripheral disposition.

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FACTORY FOR DEHYDRATED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES P RODUCTION Course: Industrial buildings design Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2011 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

External rendering view of: warehouses (bottom left), production unit (bottom right) and administration (top)

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The entire complex contains: main production facilities, warehouses, annex (wardrobes and sanitation for workers, laboratories and monitoring of the The entire complex dehydrated fruits and vegetables technological process,foradministration, restaurant cuisine andproduction economic contains: production facilities, warehouses, annex and premises)main and accompanying facilities (substation, boiler(wardrobes room, garages sanitation for workers, laboratories and monitoring of the technological and workshop overheads). The production hall, warehouse and the annex process, administration, restaurantrepresented cuisine andbyeconomic premises) and are integrated into one building three different volumes accompanying facilities (substation, boilerofroom, garages and workshop linked by horizontal and vertical elements communication. overheads). The production hall, warehouse and the annex are integrated into one building represented by three different volumes linked by horizontal and vertical elements of communication.

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1) Production hall + warehouse 2) Horizontal and vertical communication 3) Detached administration

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Detached a

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Ground floor plan

Third floor plan

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The hall and the warehouse have a construction system made of steel frames. Dilated from them, the annex has a combined constructive system. The first two levels have a reinforced concrete system with reinforced concrete cores that represent the main load bearing elements of the restaurant and administration.

This structure has special architectural shaping treatment. A steel truss relies on the reinforced

concrete cores. It is a part of the interior and exterior expression of the building. It is separated from the ground floor by an empty level that is intended as penetrable terrace. As a result, the restaurant and administration stand out as floating over the production process.

The height and the special faรงade treatment with curtain walls provide excellent scenic views to the surroundings.

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South elevation

Section 3-3

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Wood flooring

Structural glass facade

Steel truss

Axonometric view and materialization of third floor - administrative unit

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SKYSCRAPER / A VERTICAL ONTOLOGY Course: Selected design studio Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia; Krivolak, Macedonia Project year: 2010-2011 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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The skyscraper is part of a project represented by a configuration of many skyscrapers, which explore the possibilities of placing a prototype in different locations. The prototype has given the following parameters: height 300 meters and a basis with dimensions 50/50 meters. Firstly, the skyscrapers are designed to be placed in an urban context, in this case all over the city of Skopje.

300 m

250 m

200 m

150 m

100 m

50 m

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Specifically, this skyscraper is located near the marketplace Bit Pazar, in the old city core. This place offers plenty of exciting scenarios, a great diversity of program content and numerous cultural and historical monuments. In the immediate vicinity of the building there are some significantly high structures, such as a clock tower, minarets of mosques, the seat of the national Macedonian Television, mall Mavrovka and others that in some way encourage and announce the rise of new vertical structure.

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The form of the skyscraper actually comes from shaping the given basic volume. Differentiation of the structure is made by creating a linear matrix in floor plan and elevation. Horizontal matrix basically generates variations by stories. As a result, the building gets four different bases, each including equal number of stories. As a response to the horizontal matrix, vertical matrix develops in elevation and provides four different heights

of the object. Spatial matrix derives by crossing the horizontal and vertical matrix , representing the spatial configuration of the skyscraper. It can simply be described as a diagram process “subtraction of adding”, which means reducing analogous the volume as increasing the to height. The final design reflects a stable and static construction that offers different experiences depending on the point of observation.

Skyscraper’s outer casing is two-layered, differentiating bothinner and outer layer. This concept refers to the relationship between crust and core in an object. As a result, one part of the building appears to be cut off.

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The second phase of the project consists of placing the skyscraper prototypes on a different location. Now, the skyscrapers are distributed on a large scale macro location – the whole territory of Macedonia. A total of 20 prototypes are positioned along Vardar River, the main river in the country connecting its northern and southern border. The particular location of this skyscraper is the center of the country, near the village of Krivolak, which is the home of the only military base in its immediate vicinity. The context is mainly composed of plains, agricultural fields and low hills. Therefore, the vertical building will undoubtedly dominate the landscape not only from close, but also from further away.

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Typical floor plan / 58-75th floor

Typical floor plan / 39-57th floor

Typical floor plan / 20-38th floor

Typical floor plan / 2-19th floor

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The content of the skyscraper in the most part depends on its location. Absorbing the specific features of the context and the landscape, the skyscraper gets specific program as every modern military center: accommodation for soldiers and military administration, military academy that involves physical and intellec tual education, communications system, information system, video surveillance system, navigation center, administration, health center, as well as commercial and contents of social character.

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Section

Floor covering

Reinforced concrete core 20 cm Secondary steel construction 200/240 mm Primary steel construction 280/240 mm

Steel beams 160/240 mm

Structural glass facade

Structural glass facade

Axonometric view and detailed destription of the construction

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MULTIPLEX CINEMA Course: Public buildings design I Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje Location: Skopje, Macedonia Project year: 2010 In collaboration with Blagojche Cvetkovski

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MACEDONIAN OPERA AND BALLET

MULTUPLEX CINEMA

Site plan

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Ground floor plan

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The project is about designing a multiplex cinema with accompanying content. The lot is located within the cultural center in Skopje, along Vardar river, and right next to Macedonian Opera and Ballet. The building is composed of several program units: cinema (with a capacity of 1200 spectators), cinematheque (with a capacity of 160 spectators), and annex with additional content. The concept derrives from the basic spatial organization. Form follows function and is inspired by the surroundings.

Top: north elevation / Bottom: south elevation

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Section 1-1

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The cinema and cinematheque are designed that way they can work together and separately, depending on the needs. The composition of the design also includes additional contents, such fast food restaurants, entertainment, shops, and administration with a separate entrance. The parking is placed underground.

Annex building extends to three stories, while the movie theater has two stories.

One third of the spectators can sit in the balcony, while the remaining two-thirds of the audience are placed on the main floor.

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Hristijan Babuka Selected works 2010-2018 hristijan.babuka@gmail.com

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Copyright © Hristijan Babuka 2018