HANOVER HEALTH WORLD CUP 2018
WHICH COUNTRIES TO LOOK OUT FOR
HANOVER HEALTHCARE WORLD CUP 2018 Across the globe health systems are facing the same challenges: improving access to high quality and sustainable health services. Spending on healthcare is globally set to reach 10.5 per cent of GDP in 2020 or $8.7 trillion. Much of this growth is being driven in the emerging markets, with the rate of growth in Middle East and Africa now greater than in Europe. In all health systems population growth, ageing society and the rising incidence of chronic illness is increasing pressure on services. By 2020 50% of all global healthcare expenditure will be spent on the three leading causes of death: cardiovascular diseases, cancer and respiratory diseases.
While all nations face many of the same challenges they have also adopted different solutions and structures to deliver the best healthcare at the best value. There is now global competition for health systems to deliver quality and efficiency for their populations. Policymakers in all countries now regularly look for inspiration and lessons from systems across the world, whether that it is to promote “accountable care”, different funding solutions or better use of data. Who are the top teams in this global competition? While we know the world’s strongest footballing nations, who are the leading health systems? Our guide to the world’s health systems highlights different levels of coverage and capacity as well as the “star striker” fact that sets that nation apart from its peers.
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GROUP A HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
RUSSIA
SAUDI ARABIA
CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
EGYPT
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$524
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
71.2
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
75.0
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.0
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.5
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
8.7
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
5.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
82
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
27
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
63
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
68
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
STAR FACT The Russian pharmaceutical market is one of the fastest growing in the world and is expected to double in size between 2016 and 2021.
5.8% $1,194
STAR FACT In July 2018, a new comprehensive Cooperative Health Insurance scheme comes into place in Saudi Arabia, raising the number of services offered.
URUGUAY
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
5.6%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
4.2%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$157
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
71.8
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
77.6
0.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.9
1.4
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
5.8
16
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
28
68
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
79
STAR FACT In 2017, the Egyptian Prime Minister approved a comprehesive universal health care programme for the first time in the country’s history.
9.2% $1,281
STAR FACT According to the 2014 Global Retirement Index Annual Report, Uruguay has the best and most affordable health care system in Latin America.
GROUP B HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
PORTUGAL HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
9.0% $1,722
CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
SPAIN HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
9.2% $2,35 4 83.3
81.4
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.4
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
6.4
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
5.3
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
34
HOSPITAL BED DENSIT Y PER 10,000 PEOPLE
30
80
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
77
STAR FACT Portugal has the lowest avoidable hosptialisation rates in the EU.
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
IRAN
MOROCCO
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HANOV ER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
5.5%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$160
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
3.9
STAR FACT Life expectancy in Spain is the highest across all EU nations.
76.1
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
7.6%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$366
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
76.3
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.5
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
0.6
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.5
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
0.9
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
15
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
65
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
11
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
65
STAR FACT nt In 2018, the Moroccan Governme h to extend healt plans d unce anno coverage to 90% of the population by 2021.
STAR FACT Since 1979, Iran has established a world class primary health care system and has been commended by UNICEF for its excellence.
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HANOVER HEALTHCARE WORLD CUP 2018
GROUP C HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
11.1% $4,026
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
9.4% $4,934
82.8
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
83.2
3.2
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.5
10.6
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
12.6
65
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
38
80
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
STAR FACT In 2000, the World Health Organisation rated France as having the best healthcare system in the world, the only time the organisaiton has undertaken this analysis.
STAR FACT Australia was the first country in the world to introduce mandatory plain packaging for tobacco products.
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
PERU
DENMARK
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
5.3%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$323
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
75.4
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
80.9
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.1
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.7
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.5
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
17
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
16
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
25
78
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
STAR FACT In 2009, the government of Peru passed a legal framework for universal healthcare.
10.3% $5,497
STAR FACT No EU member state has recorded a greater decline in cardiovascular disease mortality than Denmark, which has seen rates fall by 70% between 1985 and 2009.
GROUP D CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
ARGENTINA
ICELAND
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
6.8%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$998
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
76.8
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
8.6% $4,3 75 83.0 3.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.9
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
15
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
50
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
32
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
76
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
STAR FACT In 2015, Argentina announed plans to extend access to healthcare to vulnerable populations, a total of 15 million people.
P2
NIGERIA
CROATIA
STAR FACT Iceland has the highest survival rates for breast cancer in Europe.
HEALTH EXPENDITUR E AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
7.4%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$852
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
77.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.1
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
6.5
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
56
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
69
STAR FACT Croatia performs more organ transplants per capita than any other country in the world.
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
3.6%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$98
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
54.1
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
0.4
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.5
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
5
39
STAR FACT In 2018, the Nigerian Government approved the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund, setting aside 1% of spending for universal healthcare.
GROUP E HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
SWITZERLAND
BRAZIL HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
8.9%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$780
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
75.8
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
83.5
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.9
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
7.4
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
22
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
47
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
77
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
STAR FACT Brazil is a world leader in plastic surgery, with 12.7% of global operations taking place in the country.
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
COSTA RICA
SERBIA
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
12.1% $9,818
18.2
STAR FACT Switzerland has the highest male life expectancy in the world.
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
8.1%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
9.4%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$929
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$491
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
80.2
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
75.4
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.2
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.5
0.8
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.7
12
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
57
75
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
65
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
STAR FACT Costa Rica has the highest life expectancy in Latin America.
STAR FACT In 2014, the World Bank invested $40 million in health care in Serbia to improve the efficiency of the system.
GROUP F HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
GERMANY HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
11.2% $4,592
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
81.3
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
13.8
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
83
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
79
STAR FACT Germany spends the most on health as a share of GDP of any country in the EU.
HANO VER HEALT H 2018 WORL D CUP
MEXICO
SOUTH KOREA
SWEDEN
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
5.9%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$535
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
77.4
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.6
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
15
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
76
STAR FACT In 2009, Mexico achieved universal healthcare coverage after enrolling 52.6 million people in less than a decade.
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
11.0 % $5,6 00
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
7.4% $2,013 82.3
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
82.7
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
4.2
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.2
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
6.9 115
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
11.9
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
26
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
STAR FACT Sweden is a world leader in devo lved healthcare, with county councils responsible for the delivery of services. Jรถnkรถping is world lead er in integrated health and care.
80
STAR FACT South Korea has the second lowest levels of obesity across the OECD.
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HANOVER HEALTHCARE WORLD CUP 2018
GROUP G HANO VER HEALT H 2018 WORL D CUP
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
BELGIUM
PANAMA
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
10.5 % $4,2 28
CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
TUNISIA
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
7.0%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$921
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
81.4
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
78.4
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
3.0
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.6
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
11
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.3
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
62
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
23
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
75
STAR FACT Recent years has seen Panama extend health coverage to over 90% of the population, with significant investment in services since 2014.
STAR FACT Belgium has the highest num clinical trials per capita in the ber of EU, is ranked second in the world. and
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
ENGLAND
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
6.7%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$258
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
9.9% $4,356
76.1
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
81.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
1.3
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.8
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.6
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
8.4
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
22
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
28
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
65
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
STAR FACT Tunisia has the second highest life . expectancy on the continent of Africa
STAR FACT In 2017, The Commonwealth Fund ranked the NHS as the best health care system in comparison to 10 other major countries.
GROUP H HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
SENEGAL
POLAND
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
6.3%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$797
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
77.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.3
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
5.7
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
65
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
75
STAR FACT Life expectancy at birth in Poland four years between by increased 2000 and 2015.
P2
COLOMBIA 4.0%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$36
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
67.5
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
0.1
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
HANOVER HEALTH 2018 WORLD CUP
CUP HANOV ER HEALT H 2018 WORLD
0.3 3
41
STAR FACT Since 1990, child mortality in Senegal has declined more than 40 percent.
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
JAPAN
6.2%
HEALTH EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP
10.9%
$374
HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA
$3,733
74.7
AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
84.0
1.8
DOCTORS PER 1,000 PEOPLE
2.4
1.1
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PERSONNEL PER 1,000 PEOPLE
11.2
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
15
HOSPITAL BED DENSITY PER 10,000 PEOPLE
134
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
76
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SERVICE COVERAGE INDEX
80
STAR FACT s With short approval times for drug high health coverage es, and devic and nationwide connectivity, Colombia is leading South America’s health tech sector.
STAR FACT Japan has the highest number of hospital beds per capita across the OECD.
REFERENCES HEALTHCARE SYSTEM DATA REFERENCES • World Health Organisation (2017), ‘Current Health Expenditure as percentage of Gross Domestic Product’, Available at: http://apps. who.int/gho/data/view.main.GHEDCHEGDPSHA2011v • World Health Organisation (2015), ‘Global Health Expenditure Data’, Available at: http://apps.who.int/nha/database/Select/ Indicators/en • United Nations (2017), ‘World Population Prospects’, Available at: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/ • World Health Organisation (2018), ‘Physician density (per 1,000 population)’, Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node. main.A1444
STAR FACT REFERENCES • AUSTRALIA: BBC (2017), ‘How Australia is stubbing out smoking’,
Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38733502
• BELGIUM: Pharma.Be (2015) ‘Belgium: World Leader in Clinical
Trials’, Available at: https://www.pharma.be/nl/component/ attachments/attachments.html?task=download&id=107
• BRAZIL: Forbes (2016), ‘In plastic surgery, Brazil gets the
Silver medal’, Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/ brucelee/2016/08/08/in-plastic-surgery-brazil-gets-the-silvermedal-behind/#22b5caa3642f
• COLOMBIA: Latam Market Access (2015), ‘CenterWatch, the leading
publication for clinical trials, has written about our work in Colombia’, Available at: https://www.latammarketaccess.com/ news/2015/5/28/centerwatch-the-leading-publication-for-clinicaltrials-has-written-about-our-work-in-colombia
• COSTA RICA: The Costa Rica Star (2018), ‘Costa Rica is the Latin
American Country with the Highest Life Expectancy’, ‘Available at: https://news.co.cr/costa-rica-is-the-latin-american-countrywith-highest-life-expectancy/73106/
• CROATIA: Total Croatia News (2017), ‘Croatia Among Global Leaders
in Organ Transplantation’, Available at: https://www.totalcroatia-news.com/politics/22591-croatia-among-leaders-in-organtransplantation
• DENMARK: Euractiv (2014) ‘Denmark sees 70% fall in cardiovascular
disease deaths’, Available at: https://www.euractiv.com/section/ health-consumers/news/denmark-sees-70-fall-in-cardiovasculardisease-deaths/
• EGYPT: Egyptian Streets (2017), ‘Egypt Parliament Approves New
Comprehensive Health Insurance Bill’, Available at: https:// egyptianstreets.com/2017/12/20/egypt-parliament-approves-newcomprehensive-health-insurance-bill/
• ENGLAND: The Commonwealth Fund (2017) ‘Health Care
System Performance Rankings’, Available at: http://www. commonwealthfund.org/interactives-and-data/chart-cart/ report/2017-mirror-mirror/health-care-system-performancerankings
• FRANCE: World Health Organisation (2000) ‘World Health
Organization Assesses the World’s Health Systems’, Available at: http://www.who.int/whr/2000/media_centre/press_release/en/
• GERMANY: European Commission (2017), ‘State of Health in the EU:
Companion Report 2017, Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/health/ sites/health/files/state/docs/2017_companion_en.pdf
• ICELAND: Euro News (2018) ‘Cancer survival rates ‘improving across
Europe’’, Available at: http://www.euronews.com/2018/02/04/ cancer-survival-rates-improving-across-europe-
• IRAN: Unicef (2009), ‘Iran’s Excellent Primary Health Care System’,
Available at: https://www.unicef.org/iran/media_4427.html
• JAPAN: OECD (2015), ‘Health at a Glance 2015’, Available at: https://
read.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/health-at-aglance-2015_health_glance-2015-en#page29
• MEXICO: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2012), ‘Mexico
achieves universal health coverage, enrols 52.6 million people in less than a decade’, Available at: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ news/features/mexico-universal-health/
• World Health Organisation (2018), ‘Nursing and midwifery personnel density (per 1,000 population’, Available at: http://apps. who.int/gho/data/node.main.HSHRH?lang=en • World Health Organisation (2017), ‘Hospital beds (per 10 000 population)’, Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main. HS07?lang=en • World Health Organisation (2015), ‘Universal Health Coverage: Country Data Profile’, Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/portal/ uhc-country.jsp • World Bank (2015), ‘Effective Universal Health Coverage for more than 5 million people’, Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/ en/news/press-release/2015/07/07/effective-universal-healthcoverage-for-more-than-5-million-people
• MOROCCO: Morocco World News (2018), ‘Morocco to Extend Health
Coverage to 90% of Moroccans By 2021’, Available at: https://www. moroccoworldnews.com/2018/04/244204/morocco-extend-healthcoverage-90-moroccans-2021/
• NIGERIA: Development Africa (2018), ‘Nigeria Parliament assures
2018 budget includes “1%” for health, 4 years on’, Available at: https://www.developmentafrica.net/2018/05/03/nigeriaparliament-assures-2018-budget-includes-1-for-health-4-years-on/
• PANAMA: Oxford Business Group (2015), ‘Panama improves access
to health care system’, Available at: https://oxfordbusinessgroup. com/overview/towards-universal-coverage-improving-accessfurther-integration-health-care-system
• PERU: Library of Congress (2009) ‘Peru: Universal Health
Insurance’, Available at: http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/ article/peru-universal-health-insurance/
• POLAND: European Commission (2017) ‘State of Health in the EU:
Poland’, Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/ state/docs/chp_poland_english.pdf
• PORTUGAL: European Commission (2017) ‘State of Health in the
EU: Portugal’, Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/ pdf_file/0007/355993/Health-Profile-Portugal-Eng.pdf?ua=1
• SAUDI ARABIA: Clyde & Co (2018) ‘New unified Cooperative Health
Insurance Policy in Saudi Arabia – Effective July 2018’, Available at: https://www.clydeco.com/insight/article/newsflash-new-unifiedcooperative-health-insurance-policy-in-saudi-arabia-e
• SENEGAL: US Aid (2017) ‘Senegal: Global Health’, Available at:
https://www.usaid.gov/senegal/global-health
• SERBIA: World Bank (2014) ‘World Bank Helps Serbia Improve
Health Care System and Strengthen Confidence in the Financial System’, Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/pressrelease/2014/02/25/world-bank-helps-serbia-improve-health-caresystem-and-strengthen-confidence-in-the-financial-system
• SOUTH KOREA: OECD (2015) ‘Health at a Glance’, Available at:
https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/ health-at-a-glance-2015_health_glance-2015-en#page26
• SPAIN: European Commission (2017) ‘State of Health in the EU:
Spain’, Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/ state/docs/chp_es_english.pdf
• SWEDEN: The King’s Fund (2015) ‘Jönköping County Council,
Sweden’, Available at: https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/ population-health-systems/jonkoping-county-council-sweden
• TUNISIA: World Bank (2017) ‘Life expectancy at birth’, Available at:
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN
• SWITZERLAND: United Nations (2017) ‘World Population Prospects
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