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Dzidzernag 2007 Ծիծեռնակ 2007

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2007

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Notes If the rvhole work is performed it's preferable to perform it the order however single movements might be performed in free adiustnrent.

it is set,

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f.\ /\

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Normal Corona

Play iregular and chaotic rhythmic divisions

Short Corona Change the dynamics sofdy in an irregular and chaotic way.

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- atlegro - nelagia - fivat:e - atlegro - krgo andenrc

lL Allegret

IIL Grcve - sn<lante latgo^ allegxt

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<<Lnp-1pnrplr-tup [notation] .ib.Lt' pn31 [nr- rnurS lptulgbt hpurdt.nnrpbrutu r[ulurlrg[r[nr-pfftp: tlfunp fuu1urr',ul1L b 1b1"p-glrbL drurlurLrru\p, uu1-fufufu &ut$urfurul1p: br,r bpurdtnnrpfr-Lp hr ubLe F".tFt' '[t'-t, bpudtlnurl|]utu 4,fufirr-trp l1p 1''bpl1url[r[ngfubpnrl, lruSLblrg rnbunryu[urL [unpl,prpulrlulrlrhpnr lrutnpryu\rufunrpbrul rlp 6: tn F u lltprlpnfu bLg dru ri rulr ru {ru rn p 1,.t,, urlrp bfu -1, 11- [u F-3g, .[bnl-qb'r, .,["]t dbh bf ud*nru[urt rl*'r["3p, n1Ln3t!u[ btgnulur[urL ryuuru\ufu bpurdpnnr-p[rr-Lp, l1u[ubru1 | unul1 funprulpnrpbrufu r[n-1. t' .l_brt"l, bprud[r1mLbf'U hE unf {h! fu-t" br- u.rnru! nr-ful1fur1pb1nr[ br [rurnurpbltt.[>>?: \uop, rupbr-rirnburL <<rluuru[uL>> bpudlnnt-pb"rlr8 rylnrp[rr-fup ruL\urpbft b urnrulrg (urbunlu.rh-fur, 4,ru1rlurrirulr4[rL: tlpbtrlrnbrulr <<bprudl.nru4rufu>> bt <<umbl8ru>>

br- [rfupfunr-pn11np6nr-ptr.fuo 4ruutlurgnrp[rrtrfubpnilr 4urrlbrlurrnru[puL bLp]uhur3rugnul[rfu

Lurgnrrl[rlr 4burbrruLgrrl, drurirulruhh ntbq"grugnrrl>>-E lt. ((uulufunr-Ft.fur-n rpupd,ruL rur-bfr nr- rur-b1[r 4pr.uriurlru[urfu: drrrlurlrrrr\u.rrnp 4nurulrgffu rufu[urJuurfutulnr[, pnr-r1pbfu

Lrurfuup rpupAr.urlrulrAfunr-ruf funprulpnr-p[rr-fup' rnhunrpu[ulnr-p[rdrp, bp.udpnru4rufu[rfu

br rnrupur&nr-b1nr- ,lbl"g, bp bfupu[ru3nrp[rrfup nrdblur5l-rb1nr ryp6[rg: U[,ru l1nrylfll, rufuunr[np lbtr lrbpprurf'urlgnr-rlllbpp Lnprulpnr-pbu! br prufurur-np[rfu rl[r[hr: llu,rlr-rnp-,r1bt Qnlglnp! nr- b[b1bgu[.utl prulurr-np bprudlnnr-pfr-Lp lrnpruLnlpnrpbrulr r[bpru&b1nr- r{rnpAbf,U plrrlnrLrnr-ru6 bpbr-nlplbft bL: F.ulg fuurbr- bppbrlfu, prulpnrur8 urnbl8rulnp&nrptt.L rlp, [rurl rurbftt 6ttft' rulnp rlblb{rfu, [tnr-fubLrut lu!fuprufu pufr rnurpru8nr-rl, np dnlnr[nrpru e!-hrufu u1u4-fu1 hf q$ut q--J! urfullr14rurn bp1b1 nr \rurnrupbl' rlurnlbfr urriblrurn-fFbf \rurnrupnlur[ruL llurylbpnr[, -3uqb, funpur1pntru8p ruLggfub1n{ purlrul"[t tutpel: cl.urpnrfup tF.urnf nrpbrul, &funrl,r1fu b: ttl, 1nr-urn{ lltuLgL[r prufuurr-npnrpbul {,nrilrru1nr_

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c]-b -!r FLutrt [uulruAbrnr-ri-!bppu{rulrgnr-rl[rfu .[F-!t pnfitl rurlpnl! nrlblpnr-Ftr.lln druprilugnrrilr nL urflnru5nlnr-,ll b rulu urful'ufu1[ruu l

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ohob(ttuq

27

3n I'LnU<nI{ S bLIPb

t' 2007

<<9nr-4rudhru!lr nurppbprutl>> ):

Sq-1pr,.Ftr.Ln \runurpnr-ru& b bprudpnurlrufu[r [urlpurlpur6 4urtrrllu[r! ,lbl (#fuuV lryQuQutlL), l,brnbrulprup urlr <<.[rurbpur[ruL>> b: 9t,.4-dbur! bftehe th tlbf-4prurnrup-\bf burL[r t][rr-.uL['fu

t-J!, bpbruL[r $pn,[urfunrpbru! br- tlpttr-bu-[r Ourfuryuprufu[r 9n.4,.udrl!! 1\ruL rulnp trL€fuu+bp Abnrulttftfubf'n, "f ".[ 1862-b uullutpn.Ft'.-

fuf hn ,lL-! ,ltt-h

<<r{rurbprulluL>>-p:

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3nl-Lhu<nksbuFbP

28

2007

OhO'b(}l'Utr

$p-[-t 3nrqnrrllbpp ru;Lprulr nrdbrl btrlr, "tt rupbrrlrnru4ulnrp[rrfup luulurubunrlputfuurllufu r[urlipulpnrrl[rfu, 1860-bfu u[ubur1 ruulpbgurr [urufuryur[urnnrpburfu 1nr[ br n1b1fu1nrrl[r -1+gt'h, Fbb. [rupdurnbr, llbruLp ,l[: \u 4nur.ufuehfu rlft rlrnrur-, [rurl ulu 4nurut e".[ LllurlnrbgutL fbutp 1u1QuQufup: [l..11-1ffu Uur4rhulrurrlpnrpbufu +ru1ru1863-ffu:

t-ftttfu dbl u,f blrftnru4rulnr-p[rrlrp lrr u1n1urul,ur3nrp!ilrp rnburur [npunrru6 lur;pbfubgtt d[ +ntuq.urnnl-[tnlf[ h.uJ u.tfnugnlnrrlp: \rp,rn.-6 unrup[-tt'fu p;nrpllfup bt u-rfunp Sruirnlrnr-p[rrfup ( [rurl ;ru5rnLnr-pbulr ryu1urr$ruf [, h-tl ;urlrnlrnrpbrufu +]u+.".pp) "F"ilrt tbf t"-t-gtl tlqlursttL Uur4rlruLurrppnrpburtr lrutnprlnl urpL-rdrntu4ru; rlbrngbL df[: \tp.,.,r-l;ruynlrnrFtt.fuf qtt-tr lrunu-rlurgl-lbf b[hruhb lruhu-lqrnrp[rr-L: llprpupbr, urju 4ru[urlpnrp[rrfup n1 ,lb\ lftfr"t purgrupAurh bf,, [rll1u1lu purgurpAruh tbfu tu[rurrnF bf h,'kbnr-pf tfufubpp: Sbrn[-nnr-gnrur6gurulurlmnrp[rrfup ( poststructuralism) Fugrrlmt0b1ub tubphutrugtulrlnr[ urlu f "'t t,f {'f'ehtu rlf[, fruppfL tu{[ng[r rhnrufnlnr-pbrufu h--

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ohobfrl.Iuq

SnFLhU<nqsbuFbI'

29

2007

hb- tig: lrul\ru[uL 4nrlbpnrlr rilnru[rulr qprur-nr-rip pnrpgbpnr-fu h"t,lb, lrunrufrugLfp rnL,.ur1p[nr-pldr ub{rrulprfu 4".Ltt .[r-l \urgnr-p[r.lrp: {-jn qtr-tr "ltr-tt rlurnfuu.rp u1urfu1nr[urn t'r' buh lndrfu .[r-!, "tt'..+' urnrulg rnblurlupdnrblnr-: br -1u (ur[ururu[urfu llugnr-p-[rdrp ulurndrun qtr-h Eil-rutt 9rln.tL.trfug furubr-

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3nl-Lru<nqsbuFbP

2007

58

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3nl-Lht <nksbllPbfr

OhObftl'UI{

60

2007

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3nl-Lhu<nqsbllFbrr

2007

68

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69

6'hb"btt'buq

snFlhu<nqsbuPbF

2007

urqanr-p[rilrllbpnr riuru[rL: 0p[rfuruI dull b urr]uF dnlnrfnr-ptE, nF lrhp[u5 [rpur[rufuntrlT pnggt', b.Pb.,,fu fb! uL 1n;nrp[,r-L nr-L[r [rppbr- b1[ru1n-gh, Lhqt'-gh, "t pb 4urlbpnt urlrnrrufunr-rifubpntfu l,brnbr-b1nr{' tteftb. b1[ru1nu-rupurpr furpngru-ufuP: lur3ntp[rrfup rnrullurr$r ,Ibk -q_t b, p-55 rutt rip' npnfr dblb'- bTuE rnurppbpnr,plrr-1rfubp[r [uur urruprufru[url ulurSrlru!fu bpnrfu, bppbrll 4ruuurE bfu ufuprulAurfr 4bnrurnpnr-pbuL, gL r14n r-u1

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3nI.LhU<nI{SbUpbn

2007

70

UbObft\rUr{

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2007

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75

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SnFLfiU<nqS butrbfr 2007

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,lbl. nrunrrifuruu[rpnr-lr[t. b"pg, 199?, bl

phtfu dE ['rrnu.rpnlur{urL rypfurlpnrplirufu rl,'u[rL], Oxford University Press, 239:

\l2aat \l242.

79.-[tur1,

80.-[tu,p

81.-0Ll{, tu1. ur1[u.p, b[ 134: 82.-Columbia 82296, matrix: 398122

\-[n"hurfu[r, .If3pnrp, FX-6500-6501: li\rututFtt' {ur5[ur\utu .l-tr"f-rt-1mu[ul bptbf], fhLbf+rbf[, Lftt-[unr,ipp br- Lnr-ur1ur[unr-ripp {i[rur{rupnrpbrurig tlp- Q-ppbr-hurfu!, Vogue LDM. 30L52, Stereo: 83.-Ufu,&t

'l[uL

ruprnulpnrp[rr-L

3-["g

84.-Chants romantiques armLnmiennes

85.-Columbia, E5 l9l, l9l7 86.-Columbia, E7 043, l92l 8?.-Edison, 82203, l92lz 88.-Edison,82210: 89.-Edison,82214 90.-Columbia,E2297t 91.-Columbia, 83458: 92.-Columbia,E2783t

: z

93.-U"[.,-\, 13A-B: 94.-U"[".u11, 14A-B: 95.-Columbia,82690 ( 1916 ): 96.-Columbia, E27 4l ( 19 16 ): 97.-Columbia,E32l I ( 191?): 98.-Columbia, E2322 ( 19 16 ): 99.-Columbia, E2452 ( 19 lb ): 100.-RCA Victor, 67537 ( 1918): 101.-1,r[r[n1nu f]u1,,1['1burfu, Str1p-tr 9nluu6bufu. 'L p u 1u p [ {p - - - p - 111n r-p[r r-fu , O.u u u.r rn ['fu ru, 1 I 9 9:

qbuf+g bt unhl&u7np6ntpfftg,

102.-lltup L[ 23: 103.-tlt .1, bl 26: 104.-lll,'1,

105.-tltup

bt

tt

26: 2e:

106.-11tu1 L-[ 100-102:

107.-tltu1

108.-l[rp

bl

f[

102:

100, 102:

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Routledge, 2002, bt 144: 110.-t[rr1, bt 151: 111.-l[rr1, tl 143, 15L-152: 112.-[1 1, bt 152:

tt3.-{-f

fnL[rLbpnr-L LluLfubpp t-r- p[rr-bpp

tf -6

bri purn urfu\1o-urrib[b\bt!fu pLrlnrfunrurf

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114.-qhmb lnpfu6brl llunr,r-gnr--Sgt, urLqt pbL urbnrrufunrritLpnr-L murppbpurllfulrpp' rln-


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2007

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F. -.upgLft-ttt (op. 4) unu[fL bfupuLu[uurylunrpburl.r -Jt-tu-rL lnrEnr-rlLbf l1fLru; u.rnurf gt f bt, nf tnlfu b fubrphu

115.-\nrl[rrn,r.ru {urprpuullrrn[r grufunfu[rg 4,[rtunrur&gp l,rupdnLt'â&#x201A;¬

Lbp[ur3 uur4,rfuuLfLr:


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rl.UU$ n F D nhflhFlrl, bfl

nturup[rtu1 1op[r1Jnru6 b 1958/59-['tu br durrhufuruh-ht'g b Lbpfntupnl funtut4ut2-tb\ ,,,- $r,11r,3[rfu l,rurlup Lu[uurnbunrruE uu1-v--qtr .[urrttrl

11-â&#x201A;¬ tt L ur ]u u llp pu n <<O p "g {r [rbr-ug e." r]qp"g[r ulu[bprnlJbpnrfu>, rulr \urrylnr-ruf I hpbg h-fd br- [u[rull bpudl.nrullut nnr-gnr-ruEg-!hL nt-ptuttt lupdnr-ritbpb' npnLgrlf [rr-prugurLrtt.f n rpu1fuu[ntrlur3[rll u F Fru

tf n tpburl : U ru [ur lp n tru 6'

rlbryIop$r n1np11 (Surdur[u [[ruu4L1[rr-tru3[rlt [semitonal]) --p-aL[rLL[r [discord] br 1bguu1--hk 1nr-tururnpnr-f[r ltupryupnttu tn[EurEnr-pbur.ip: Urnbl8urlnp8nr-pbuL dbl Srurnllufultrllurlopfl runurt b! rllnr-ur8 fblbthfu br [1nn5p[, funrur1 llupb:-npnr-p[rLfu ,npnrblnr[ urrbfir [unp lrlutrrullnr-pfr-fu h-,1 rur-bfr rib& urnblEurlnp8-Lpul, pruprlnrp[rLL fubp[ur3rugfunr1 bpbr-n;pfubpnrfu: \1t t.p-ulbu 4brnru.ptr4f-h-lr b unru[[r! pupdnrrl[r Allegro-fu' [rp 4r.ururuwp 4/4 br ru!4urr-ur,r-p 3+3+2 1b1nur1pn,-pburig [uqrlnr-ru8 \ruryuupupfubfnl tfrul'[,1 lnr-ryulpnrpburlp, rl[rtr1r1bn n6.u[rulopbL pupdnryul.puLr {Uftttt lurpdnrrlp bppbrll h F".t, 3[r1bgLb1 fbnpupu5[r Abrfu nr b1url-rrukn' PbO. rurbftr .[-tr- nr- rurbl[r ]rfupfuru-q!flnryu\urfu ruprnrujrul-nr-pbrurip: L.u {rnppulurp [A minor] ,ittttl' lupdnr-rlp ..[.'urlurt-ttt hp1 rlpfu l' d[nr-lr pfupurgpn{ [tempo] b,- 1r.,.-1nr-fu lurunr-purrnpnr-rinr[ [phrasing]: tlfu tf o[-t't-rflu pllnlpnr{ 4urdbfiropftu lrrhutu b Q"1g1"p[rg ndt'L: urnnr-rinr[ [harmonically]

-tgt' hf t-ntuf

onfurlu

lU-1--pbrufu [rg dnlnr[prpullufu ftnpupu'\t lop]rfuruE | 1932-hfu' bpp uur[ur-[rL U!uugnr{"et,t'ur1.u[bprnfu fp Un"\nr-ru3f bpudl"-llng[rll rlf[:9-;fuurl1u;pru;]rfu urnnr,l'{ [tonally] E11-l-.,,1- urr-b[r 4ruriuArulLnrpru3[rtu [modal] .p-! p!nr1!r1 [diatonic] (urfurnbuh[",]- ,lt ulbrlnl {'ngp-1.up [E flat minor] bpbr-nr-pu-r[rulntp[rfiE), -L hf lruFurnbrf t'pfh. urlllbprn[r rlp ru;fu rupdfgrur-"f +n.pf [rnnpfuhpbL ,lbhn' "n hbfq".[ ,ll kf tlrulfuru[! l-l"th L-lt'L burbr- br urn!br-: ll'.!br-' r1|rtt' c]rybufuftfnfulbpp"lh rufu4urrnruhufu +burutul,rupp PFF^-gnr-'lp: brnbr-' tut'f.ll br t-!["]- [bpulur-npnr-ri[, tbqb *"th trr,t'kt' fnlrlbppnS[r ufiurup4p, d['tu1-191?-! glrupu[url, T'pl1br-hE' -'nbtuop ru3Lgurfu 4purluftopb! ripr\nrru& f}u[urlurtrblrn{h \nrylf: \1nnr-puru1bu, urnbl8urlnp-

ttp-l-kurq trufur4[rr-unr-p[rr-lr rlpfu | upbr-hlburLr rnpnth.futt' np ulfrbpbr-oFbl, et"-f hfL-l ELpu1 f[rurfr 4,u5[ru[utu h-.1 [nr[lpuubrufu u\nr-tugLbpf: ll;"u1bu, 4urrnru&fubpnr-L purdufunr-rip t1ntt 8/16 [unrrlpbpnr-' npnLg [rr-purgufutt.f n btrpur-

Enr-p[rr-trp

prudlrnrruS b lbu{funrn[t\op!L lbpnurlpnr-ruE 3+3+2-]r furu[uu{rfbpnr- (4urlbriur-l QupP"Ctr br ll1urfu {nr-1[r ulnr-firqpur\urlnrp[rr-fup), bpurdpnur[.ufu,uu1bu nt rlf[ 1'bnrur-np


3nI-LhU<nq s blrtrb r,

2007

UhOb(}lUI{

92

runlrlnlplrfu nrlr! l[,."!"-j!tr \rrpulurpbrufuffu upbr-rlnr-ug lurlrntnl npbr-f UFbr 0[h-, 1987 [Ates Orga]

F-!t

4brn:

Fn{ru 04ut1nrp[rr 0' Un Otupfr O. Ianp wpu (+ rLu2 0ur[f €n O2bppo ) r.rurmurpnq0hp' Ulqhppo @nppfn[tq (Alberto Portugheis) (4ru20tut1), Ln0tnn0]t {ruthu0nrurqurlfr0 lrnruqufunulp (London Symphony Orchestra), Lnphu 6q0utnpbtu0 (Ontruqutlurp)

Cbr'hrtnuuul$tl Q0[bpnrp[rr0'ASV QS 6206, (P) 1987 (C) 1997 I-rtumurpntrlfr pnrurltu0 ht {u1p' 1987, Ln0mn0

(U0q$u)

F-gtr e-Ltr rlp unruLrA[rfu Lrlnlfrhgb, llprurl b-1--pbu.fu[r ( 1903-?8) rpufrur[[ urnblfrulnp8nrp[rr-fuLbpp tlpbr-rfnr-rng[r fbl dfuugur& bfu U'bpb urlrnhunr-"r6: llu[,[tlnpnr-urn .iCL L- .lbnh 4,r.urlurp: fdfbr- gufuur[urulbu urLnfug funr-urq bfu fruul-1b.rp[t[,, G""p.ug",l-t,tt'br- OnngnQttb.tt rpufrur[[r ppfbpbL, pul5 rulnfug bprudlnnr-p[rr-Lg urfur[urprufuopffu nr-lr[r p-f Af rlulluprlurh b. hg Fugrulrulrnf bnrlurnpbruL!fu llupnlnr-ptt.fuf ' t n Lur;pbL[r lur;ru".nrufu['L ib"teL"f ttg bpurdl.nnr-pbrut rnuppbpp 4n1.u[ruqopbfu rl[rruAnrlhlnr- [uurnurulu4.uLI rup4burnrur[rupdnr-phurl [technique] hr- Lnr,ruryupurfu[r ugrulrlbftr prlpnlnlur[urfunr-pbrufu 4brn: F-gh UufuluQutfu mbuuVufufubpnt n[nl 4urrnnr-u6fubpf, rnupru6nrurf <<Unr,pbpn.[ q-f o-tr t"t"rulpnr-pbfulfu br- urrlnr-p fu{urpruftpn,l llb1hF-[Ahrtubp hL Qhrhht'Etu, ulu [urnuuurlhht'l-, dbl Lbf hurlrugnr-uE btr b-1-urphurL[r pnlnf ryr1llut1f 1npfbpp: tl^-turrlpnuu8 pllurpArull rnurpnlnr-p[rilrp FuLrulluL n r-p[r.fu hn ulur rnd ru nb p" 1" g 6u 1ur t1fu bp n r-Lr :

(t\' ftnpuputu

pb' t|nffp (1927) hf

e"'l--turyu[btu Q"1g1"pb Lbpgtu1nr-ru6.n.uppbp, FbU. ru[l.nrllru;rnlrurl[rtng[r br rlurfrullnr-rhul[rfu [harmonic] bpurlllurr.npnr-rl[r urnnrrlnr[ urpbr-rftnburfu 4r.uurupullnrp[rr-fup pbpbr-u urtbfir 4urllurlfrn E[]u! furftufunr-p[rr-Lfubp rnbulrbl llglbltr8tr bL \purL.u-nu! lnpfbpnrfu 4brn' {rn[urufuur{ {-j-"rn.utu[r: ftngupuSh! dbtblr riurug lu.rpriruturufiropbl riorn I The Lover and the Nightin' (

1932) br

gale-f\t, FbU. 6u5pru1n3L rftuubpnr- rlbgbfuur[ruL !fupLrurnlu1 ndrur-npnr-rllbpnr-fu ruplbpb€luhrufu 4rftnnr-p[rr-fup rn[ru1ur{rufuopbl [unplprlu3[rfu b: $"pEp hU Lufur1]rurutrru; F. truf nr lrnrurlurg-fuht' rurlbfuffu 4n1ur[urr-"pfubpbfu rlbhnt tltrufurlnr-Ptt.Ln [p ulurnrlb' Pb lUrulrurnpbru! q-.u!L 3op[rlrru6 | tlbk +trfbpnlur! drpuggttfu, ur1[uurrnbt".[ rl[rfu1hr- nr-t 1[rtbf,, "p"1f"{,' Lru[ugrufu runrut!fu [urrnrupnrrlp, Lnr-u.rryt[ l1urpnryufuru; lnLf .p-Ltt rlp durl r{rnpd,b1: lr rnruppbpnr-p[rr-fu ftrp*p-1Elu, r0nltp 1,ur{rr- k-f hLt I aur!r1!u1!1 Lnr-ruryu4.u!1f"lrbpnL lurlmru{rpfubpnr- rlf[: tlfu bn,l.uuufu[r llunnr-gnr-rufgnrf h-["-nryu[ufu nr ;ru!llupEr.upurlur[-t fimprovisatory] 1b1nr-rl f[L b, np nilr[r rirnbprl[rl1 turnlpufu[r1fubp' rlruprllrurnpnrur8 [un4nr-L, grftulgnrn prufuruurnbl8ru{urfunr-phrufu ,lbt, ntf t'ef b. lu f ln u-r! rulrn 1u rl[rtn g ur qlbg bh" f' bfu l1p ry p Eur En r[r 1nn r-p[rtL p: 1926-t'fu lpnru.r& bVQn, umhltuTnp&ntpftrLffu lrrpurgurfuth.f,f nr-L[r []uL 1,ru[rurlpnr-p[rr-trfubp: 4*p-p-*trhrf. [p pLnpnt".t' hn lruhbfd ndnrl, nt[ hE uuryllrurrnpnr-[rfu Ut-rht 1nr-6nul1rbp' npnLg Sbrnurryujhfu qh-tr Fr.uglulrulrnnr-f$r rtrfttuQutlufurlurlfurullnrrlur;!fu urn-nrrlnr{ !-L+tub {ru1u[rlr ,tbt: Al-Ftr [lnnrpurulbu ;nr-qht b

".


OftO'bfllUq

93

3n I.LfiU<nq

S

blrFb tr 2007

rlnr{r, br- nr-fu[r 4brnrugpgpru[urfu 4ruriruAulllnr-prul[rL [modal] bpufu1' rlnp urL[-pb[, b ql-FE_ Trinity College-]t nr-pbft"FbL ".Ft t bpurdlnru4urfu[r 4,brn: Surp[rfubp prpnr-Lru\, Fnft truuruf u.rLfr pfulrnrpbufu u[rpnr-ru8 rypfbpffu ,lbhlr bp, b. rulu uturrndrunnr{ 4brnru.ppeptr.rhurfu I ;ru;urlrrupbpbl ufunp nrlb[[rgp (4rup4-4trhuf.) br- furu[u--hq pfuurpurtuE,

lUulrurnpbulr [rp r{rujlnr-fu rno db6ruprrp UnlrurPtrt U ;op[rLruE b 1959-b! br- Aofuru8 Opnpn{r[rbr-ug[r l,tru[urullppu[rufu bprrdl-ur[rufu ']qfr"gtr urlur[bprnfubpnr-!: tlfu"p 4rurlburn [runnrgnr-ur&gfubpp br- Agnnrrllrbpp qb.-e tb go1-p[bfu ru;fu ]rpnlnr-plt.lrp' pb rufu urprnur[ruplopbl -q-nbgtth b [tppb. Lnrurlu4ruLrlfuruj[rL gnrgrurlpru[ufu 1np6, np hf e".l--turyr[b !u.rbr- bp{rfrutuC b. gfuupru[rutunr-p[rtL: tlnrutfufu lupdntrlg L-t" hn 1,-[.u.1pb bp[nr tr[rr-phpnr [unr-fphp, ruutru kn r[bpur;ur;rnurprupb lrpurguLtt.fn br1urfunfug l1p pnlnr- u51 r[[rdru\[rtr rtf[: $.ufu1-t1 lupdnr-rlp .n[unr-p 4nr{nr-bp1ru\urfu ofopngur5lrl ,lp!r b, nf [lnnrpurulbu e!€"!t b br r1u1fu.u[nr-rlur5[rL unnr-,lnrf uturp{! {bpflurrftuup [finale] urt urr-bpuulfu gfurplpA.ull b, runrrlr-bpuulbu .l-hf,Ft,."q_ur\urfu br[unpruulbu Snrq['1: 0r1r[r r[bpflrupul rlp [coda]' nr-f hn rynlrnr[r unut[rfu luJrdnrrl! rluru$r r[bpgnru& purlnrur8e ,l[, br rur-urprnrullulr uludnr-durfu.p ,l[' nF pultur"ht,q-ft l1ufu rlorn I OnrlbfuCttfu: llbh [uougnr[, Unlurp[rfu[ +n[& fEfu b' 1np u1b,ng tb Abtpb {rur[ugtub1:

lU-1.u-pbrufu log[rfuur8 | rlurfunrllfubpnr- bp[nr dnln{urfnr-r lln.utttlE' h-q-rlnrur8 mrrrup t"f Eb, 4puruurprul1nr-ru6 | 194O-u{urfutbpn & UuItQuQufu nhuuVtufufuhp lunn-+hf tr! uurll, hr ubpnr-futfubn 1.upnrfuurl1 hp[rururuuf t nL mru]Lufur1ur-np urpbr-rftnhurfu 1-fr.ulgr4urplbpnr-L rhurn.ullurprupr.uE b Fbfhfrul€b ufu1nr-ryu[rufu u1.u(bp: flph.l t-1".1 dnln{ufnr-[r lrftut, ulu urnhl6urlnpfnr-p[rr-Llbnf hf fnl-LUbL bfbfug nr-unlgnryu[rufu -fdbgl br pnlnp --f tCt' nLful$rlfpLbpnl-lr l1p jnrqbfu t'FbLg bpurdlurntpbutu l,rlru;pn{, bpbr-rullur;nr-pbrurlp hr- bprufugr{: tlj, [urnruuurlt htrfu .[f -l fubp[ru;urgnr-ru& | rlufunr-l1fubpnr- bfhn"ftt dnlnr{ur8nr-fu' t1nf hlrulru'npburfu lop[rfuruf b 1964-[rfu: Ofh. funrruq 4n1ur[urr-np purfu urnurt[rfup, puJS Lnfrgrufu 4brnurppgpulpufu, rufu prudfunr-ur& | bp[nr- 4ruuuuup rfuuubpnl, nLF 6-10 Ftr.bnn hn e".l-furyu\bfu prur-ur[rufu tn,-Fl b[,-dlnnr-p!r-L, br urp4burnru{urpdopbfu [technically] .1d".urp bfu rylunr-b1nr- rlurfunrlfrbpnr .[bpurunnr-pburl urur[: <<9nr-ulr gururllbl>>-E, <<bpb[n;burl Lbpburp>>-E b. <<llpbr-blburL utrup>-[ Lrlu3[r1 btr br urfurlltrul1urfu, tltrLt <drt,-u1b1 prurlulnr-p[rfur>-p bt <<Frupu[r[p dodufuru[ttfu

.[n-lrr-!

bpllurp drurhufurull

lpnllnrruf

l1p rlfurufu ;[r1n1ntpburfu

rlft:

<<bp[nr-

qnrupdurfir fopurgnSpLbp [p llnnr-]rfu>r-p lnupurgntttrlbrul dru;pgnrd rlpfu b, ,,Ut"! prutof rr-E' llnpnryullrtr rlrngpur8rurrul t"[E tlp, <<\y.nr-prul[rfu rhuprltrurfruplnr-p[r.L>>-E h[ !"r'r.tr r1lqh ur,lbfbhhurL durqp, tr"h <<Fngrup->-Jtt [rrpugrutil[rrp rluuthhf Ln5lgurfu

!".ttrt I npgrufu ubn[rfu [genre] urrbfr 4n1rullur-np furln;1p' tnf bpurdlnu4ufup lu[]ur1p-E b 1930-ur[urLLbpntl (rf u.rLlnrlur rup4burnrur[rupdopbfu ur-bfr ldnr-urp b): h .l_bft"l, dn1nr.[u6nr-Lr h'bryr-tru[nr-! [un4nr-fu bnruAru;fu <<$nr\rupo))-nrf' r[bpgnr-u8 1928-66-h b"Fc II b1l,putFhLrlhF H ipl,Qbplltz fuulurrnpbrut rlurfr-ht'fu [npn1u1funr*p[rr-L 1funp1,ru& b trn nr-1 1pflrufu[r Unlrupf,fu (1961) .lbt, {"t funr-!purf | ((nr-unr-g[rttr"' futgn1ur5 U[rruugn{ugbtt j[rpurnrull]rfu>: lIfu tlurn llnrylbpnr[ [ublu1rup gpf dglr b, nF urrlffu t'lt kf rnufu[r Eulprujblnrpbrufu' [uurfuryur{-r.opfL 4urulrblnr- urnrurblulpjll!1: tLnurt!fu lurpdnrrlp unfurup[r Abr-]r


SnFLbU<Or{SbUFbP 2007

UhUbIILUIT

94

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F-tt' F-g-!rugu purr-tehL 1tunp1,[rr-: 9u;turul1-5gp [tonality] -lr"pn1 b, F'r'!g hn F".t' Sbllnr-[r1 1[urur-np-,r1b, fb hbu{up br- rno 1[rtu{rr-Lrult'fu hbmntuLbpnrtu lllnnrpurlt'fu

dhtbr 1n;urgur8 pupnr-ruEnr-pbufu .[F-J, \blpnLur[urL pupApurllb-E' 4[rrlLntur& pu r{rngpupup[r .l_f-!, hn pn.[ruturpu[b <<bpl$rrupbpAr, ryufrburt$bp [chords] npnlg hl

u1u(rufuflbfu 4lt1b1 [urmrupnryu[rufunrFt,.fu, ]r rnuppbpnr-p[rr-fu rlnrrngf ,l--t -, F"g-F-furlurfu 4,[rr-unr-ur&gfubpnr-Lr: Urnhlf,r.rlnpfnr-p[rr-fup lnjnr-p[rtfu ntfu[r bpllnL mlrrfFbpru[n{, npnr-lr bf hf

hpr"Ft

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