Guyana Chroniccle Pepperpot 01-03-2021

The friendly farmers Residents in Hyde Park, Timehri proud of their hard work

Annat Seegalam, is one of many farmers from Hyde Park, Timehri and has been farming for over 20 years. In this photo, he shows off his fresh lettuce that came right from hiw own farm ( Carl Croker photos)

Sunday, January 03, 2021

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

Building a golden-age photography tradition

By Francis Quamina Farrier

One does not have to be a youngster to commence a tradition. I say that because when at age 80, and already a veteran journalist contributing weekly feature articles to the Chronicle Pepperpot Magazine, I submitted 12 of my favourite photographs in January 2019 and again in January 2020. The trend continues in January 2021. So here are the 12 photographs which I took in 2020 and which I admire the most:

Walking southward on the pavement of the Avenue of the Republic in Georgetown, I observed this English tourist taking a photograph of the statue of Queen Victoria which is in the forecourt of the High Court. That was a perfect scenario for me. Click, and this moment is forever frozen in time, which no doubt will please the hearts of members of the Guyana Tourism Authority (Photo by Francis Q. Farrier)

Anna Regina, Essequibo Coast, Region 2. This photograph displays a blend of the past and the present; (a) a canal dug by enslaved Africans centuries ago and for which Reparations must be considered; (b) the chimney of a once grinding sugar factory when sugar was produced in Essequibo over a century ago and (c) the Regional Office at the left where the business of the People of Region 2 is discussed by elected officials in this the 21st century (Photo

by Francis Q. Farrier)

It was sometime after I took this photograph that I observed the racial dynamics - African, Dougla and Indian.

What is also obvious is how happy they are in each other’s company. This is a candid photograph and was not ‘set up’ with any public relations objectives, whatsoever. And that is why it was a strong contender to be selected from the scores of photographs which I took in 2020, to be included in my “Twelve Favourites” of 2020 (Photo by F.Q. Farrier)

This is my most unique “favourite photograph” of 2020, simply because I am the subject. But how am I the subject when I am also the photographer? Simple; this is a Selfie!

Since I am so proud and pleased at what I have been able to achieve in taking this photograph, at age 82 - wearing my Indigenous Australian t-shirt, and balancing myself between the portraits of Plaisance-born celebrities Wayne “Big Truck” Braithwaite and Eddy Grant, as well as the two Golden Arrowheads, the nominating panel of ONE has selected this selfie/photograph to be included in the list of my twelve favourite photographs of 2020 (Photo by F.Q. Farrier)

First Citizen of New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio and First Lady Chirlane McCray, have been married for 26 years and are the parents of two children. However, when they displayed this romantic moment, I was quick to photograph it. The backdrop was a function at Gracie Mansion, the official residence of the First Couple of the city of New York. They had hosted Guyanese on the occasion of the 50th Jubilee Republic Anniversary Celebrations. As such, those Guyanese who were guests at the function witnessed this romantic scene in real-time (Photo by F.Q. Farrier)

Prominently displayed on the backdrop is the statement “A BRIDGE TO THE FUTURE” which is being supported and in a way “constructed” by BANKS DIH Limited. The popular Guyanese enterprise traditionally presents cheques to a number of schools at the Annual Shareholders Meetings in Georgetown, Airy Hall, Bartica, Linden and New Amsterdam.

In this photograph Chairman of BANKS DIH, Clifford Reis, CCH, is presenting a cheque to a student of one of the schools in Berbice on February 2, 2020 (Photo by Francis Q. Farrier)

Beyond the flowers, across Main Street, is the Walter Roth Museum of Anthropology in Georgetown, Guyana. In this iconic wooden building is a wide range of indigenous artefacts for viewing, as well as items such as books and recordings for sale. A place for a visit. Some inspiration preceded the taking of this photograph (Photo by F.Q. Farrier)

These are the Bell twin brothers - mini bus operators of Route 40, in Georgetown. They have been on this route for many years and I know them fairly well as one of their many satisfied customers. If you are looking for the very best in Mini Bus service, then just “ring the Bell Brothers”. My camera felt delighted in taking this photograph in February, in the Stabroek Market Route 40 Mini Bus Park (Photo by F.Q. Farrier) See Page X

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

‘Power Woman’

Guyanese-born tv personality eyeing NYC’s District 46 seat

By Telesha Ramnarine DIMPLE Singh-Willabus feels strongly that the people in her Brooklyn, New York City neighbourhood needs a representative on the City Council that can fully understand their interests and concerns and be able to speak up for them.

It is for this reason that the overseas-based, former ‘Rhythm Nation’ television host has her mind set on winning the seat for District 46 when the primary elections are called on June 22, 2021, followed by the general election on November 2. Last year, the Pepperpot Magazine interviewed Dimple just when she launched her campaign. Now, the Guyanese-born television personality, who was recently recognised as one of

the ‘Power Women of New York City’, is ready for what the elections will bring come 2021.

The seat that she’s vying for has never been run by a woman, even though her community is made up of people from varying backgrounds, including many from the Caribbean. So Dimple feels that with her Guyanese background, she’d be in the perfect space to be able to represent them.

If she wins, she would be joining the 51 members in the City Council to be a voice on certain important issues that for some reason have never been raised. For example, the Indo-community has been asking for Diwali to be made a holiday.

“It’s not a holiday here because there is no representative in City Hall who

understands the importance of Diwali. I am a Christian, but I have an understanding of why it is so significant to them because I grew up in a Hindu home,” Dimple expressed in an interview with the Pepperpot Magazine.

“In America, there are a million and one Jewish holidays because the people on the city council vote for these things; the Jewish people have their representatives who look out for them. The Muslim community has holidays but the Hindu community has zero. It’s not that people don’t want to intentionally cater for them, but there’s never been a representative to really bring this out,” she continued.

For the very politically-charged neighbourhood in which she lives, Dimple would be the first woman,

Dimple was recently recognised as one of the ‘Power Women’ of New York City

and Guyanese, to take up this seat. Because of being involved in community service all her life, a lot of it voluntary, Dimple has been able to make a smooth transition into politics.

The community spirit was probably instilled in her by her parents Phagu and Gloria Singh, who were well-known business people in the in Lodge. Throughout her childhood, Dimple had the support of her family and neighbours as she participated in sports and other extra-curricular activities.

Early start

Dimple, with her husband, Winston, and children Brandon, Anaya, and Chantelle

In the mid-’90s, she was offered a job with NBTV to host a live television programme which she reflected was the first of its kind and was well received by the youth.

As the programme developed its popularity and garnered support from sponsors, Dimple utilised her platform as a youth public figure to be a voice

for young people throughout Guyana.

She went on to be the Minister of Youth, Culture and Sport for the National Youth Parliament back in the early 2000s. Throughout the years, she played her part in being a role model to youths who were looking to promote their talent and even hosted many of them on her show.

In 2003, Dimple immigrated to the USA and wasted no time in pursuing her Bachelor’s Degree in Broadcast Journalism and her Master’s Degree in Media Studies from Brooklyn College. She increased her knowledge in media by working in the newsroom at WCBS in New York City as an Assistant Editor. She went on to open two businesses, one of which was Rhythm Nation Entertainment, which she managed with her older daughter, Chantelle.

As the years went by, Dimple continued to be engaged with community work and was the Brooklyn Borough President Eric Adams Education Appointee, the

President of the Community Education Council for District 22 and most recently before announcing her run for NYC Council, an appointed board member of New York City Mayor Bill DeBlasio’s Education Taskforce.

She has also volunteers her time as an advisory board member with several organizations including The Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce- Minority/ Women-Owned Business (M/ WBE) committee and Visions- serving the blind and visual impaired.

Dimple has received many citations, awards and recognitions for her community work. “I believe anything is doable and possible if you work hard enough,” she expressed.

According to her campaign website, www.dimplewillabus.com, she plans on providing a comprehensive approach and solution to many issues affecting residents in her district, from housing, youth and senior services, climate change, criminal justice reform, education and more.

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

Young Buxtonian aiming to become Guyana’s first Child Psychologist

By Alisa Lashley Mental health serves as an essential part of children’s overall health has a complex interactive relationship with their physical health and their ability to succeed in school, at work and in society. Both physical and mental health affect how we think, feel and act on the inside and outside.

With the lack of child psychologists in Guyana, and children with mental illnesses having to seek intervention until they enter into adulthood, former teacher and young psychologist Denicia Williams is on a mission to curb the aforementioned issue by becoming Guyana’s first Child Psychologist.

Hailing from Buxton, Denicia explained that she is aware of certain stereotypes that may be placed on her.

Denicia Williams with a few of her past students at the Georgetown International Academy

“Now, once you tell people you are a Buxtonian, they already have their predisposed ideas about you. But Denicia is one to watch.

Well, who says good things can’t come out of Buxton? I am a living example. I am a Seventh-Day Adventist, and my father, Pastor Andre Williams, serves in that capacity.

So yes, I am a Preacher’s Kid,” she said.

Growing up has the only girl and the eldest among two brothers was different from the average child. Denicia attended the Winfer Gardens Nursery and Primary schools, subsequently St. Gabriel’s Primary School.

Her high school years were

spent at North West Secondary School.

According to the budding child psychologist in a recent interview, she had limited socialisation due to several circumstances. One such was the 2002 jailbreak that ravaged the community.

“I was exposed to a battlefield by day and a warzone by night. Where I lived was in the heart, all that took place. I recall having to hide under my bed many nights for the fear of bullets that would pass through our home. We were forced to move because we started to receive death threats. Outdoor time was restricted not by choice, rather as a safety measure. I was 10 years old when I experienced my first traumatic incident,” Denicia expressed.

Due to the many relocating instances, Denicia said that it soon reflected on her performance at school.

“Mentally, I was frustrated, and little did I know it was affecting me holistically.

Over time, my dad decided to become a minister of Religion, adding to my already overwhelming life. It was all my major life experiences [that] fueled my passion and commitment to the profession I am in today “she said.

After successfully completing her Secondary education, Denicia had her heart set on becoming a Doctor, but like the old proverbs suggest “Our plans are usually different from the plans of the almighty”.

“For a while, I was stuck, unsure of what route to take.

As I sat reflecting one day about how difficult my life was and how impossible it is for me to overcome these emotional scars, I followed in the path of restoration with a scholarship provided by the Guyana Conference of Seventh Day Adventist. I pursued a Bachelor of Science in Psychology at the University of the Southern Caribbean,” Williams posited.

During her studies, she realised her love for proper care, understanding, and nurturing children through all the correct stages of development. Reflecting on her childhood, the 26-year-old woman noted that she was robbed of the opportunity to be a child. As such, she aims to be an advocate for the

Denicia Williams

voices that cannot be heard.

“Being a psychologist is a uniquely rewarding gift, and the power it gives creates an atmosphere of healing, hope, and peace. Each day as I interact with varied persons from all walks of life, I aspire to leave with them hope. It takes courage, extra effort to decide firstly to walk into a place that is seen as a taboo to many Guyanese and to say I need help in coping with life’s challenges and situations,” she said.

Additionally, she expressed, “This warrants enough for me to be a listening ear and supportive of the process of self-empowerment. Saying I want to take care of myself mentally and during that period hoping you are stigmatised and victimised shows the bravery and strength of the individual. As such, in each interaction, I strive to promote hope despite the odds. ” This young psychologist noted that the most satisfying aspect of her job is seeing growth and development a person would receive overtime due to their commitment to becoming a new person.

“Thriving as a Psychologist in Guyana is a task and is slowly becoming a part of our societal diaspora. One thing to note is the stigma attached to Mental Health.

It is easy for the common person to associate this area with ‘mad persons.’ While Psychotic and manic disorders are aspects of mental health, it also covers areas of interest like depression, anxiety, and other illnesses,” she explained. “In my effort to make people aware of what mental health is, I would create a sensitisation platform that features the likes of letting all know what mental health is about and what you can do as an

individual to help persons struggling. The more we know, the better equipped we are to help people access the services provided for their betterment.”

This former teacher at the Georgetown International Academy credited her success to her mom, the late Donna Williams, whom she said played an instrumental role in her life and her Fiancée, dad, brothers, close friends, and family, who all continues to encourage her.

Williams added, “If it’s one thing I live by is a prayerful life and one that involves God always. I will encourage all to place your life and all that you desire to accomplish in his hand and watch him do wonders.

I am a living witness, and I know he is not done with me yet. Do not allow anything or anyone to deter you from being successful. You have it within you. Believe it, claim it, dream it, and achieve it with his help. Lastly, whatever you do, ensure there is a love for it; if not, it would become meaningless and defeat the true intentions.”

Apart from being a Psychologist at the Ministry of Health under the Mental Health Unit, Denicia is an avid writer who plans to publish her first of many books soon. The upcoming author said that she had written five pieces for a Women’s devotional for the Women’s Ministries Department of the Guyana Conference of Seventh-Day Adventist.

Denicia is expected to read for her Master of Science in Psychology (MS) with a concentration in Child and Adolescent Psychology at the Southern New Hampshire University in the upcoming year. She also plans to complete her Doctoral Degree in Clinical Child Psychology.

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

Breakthrough ACTION committed to combatting malaria in Guyana Rolls-out plan of action for 2021

By Dillon Goring Breakthrough ACTION Guyana, an international organisation which is funded by United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and led by Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, is committed to its goal of improving malaria outcomes in mining communities in Regions 1, 7 and 8 through innovative social and behaviour change interventions.

The project provides support to the Ministry of Health (MoH’s) Rapid Diagnostic Testing (RDT) programme that trains volunteer testers in mining communities to test and treat for malaria. Through Breakthrough ACTION (BA), volunteer testers have been provided with treatment regimen guides to assist in accurately prescribing treatment, flags certificates and tester’s toolkits to increase their visibility and to formalise the test and treatment service, rapid counselling cards (RCC) to accurately counsel clients and treatment handouts for the clients to simplify the treatment and encourage treatment adherence which must complete treatment to remove all the parasites.

In combating the spread of the disease, the organisation has also launched a Little Mosquito/Big Problem (LMBP) SBC campaign that includes a theme song with music video “Big Problems Coming” which raise risk perception.

Inclusive in this fight, according to the Organisation’s Executive Director Sean Wilson during an interview with Pepperpot Magazine, are radio spots, which focus on testing, treatment adherence.

The LMBP Facebook page includes miner personalities that share experience about malaria, gives advice about prevention, treatment and adherence, and a ‘Jungle Feevah’ miniseries which

Ministry of Health building (Adrian Narine photo)

include a story of a miner from Facebook and his experience working in the backdam with posters in Spanish, English and Portuguese.

According to Wilson, Carestart Rapid Diagnostic Testing (RDT) being used by the Ministry of Health (MOH) is 90 percent accurate. While microscopy remains the gold standard, the use of RDTs is beneficial in hard to reach areas with limited access to health facilities.

RDTs enable fast and accurate testing for malaria.

Funding Breakthrough ACTION Guyana is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The Organisation, according to Wilson, is prepared to render assistance in the area of rapid testing until December 2021.

The pandemic’s effect on the organisation’s work Wilson revealed that the organisation has been severely affected as a result of the pandemic.

The production of print materials and projects pivoted to social media and radio.

Thus travel to the Hinterland to roll out tester materials and monitor of testers has also been affected.

Face to face workshops

were changed to virtual but, he stated that there were internet connectivity issues in the regions.

Plans for 2021 Wilson revealed that the organisation has plans to have an increased presence on Facebook (FB), TV and radio during the rainy season when malaria cases rise.

There are also plans to create a Jungle Feevah radio drama based on the social media series, produce DVDs and flash drives with materials for distribution at mining camps, develop print materials for health facility waiting rooms and restaurants and conduct visits to testers to restock materials and get feedback to improve tools.

According to reports in the Guyana Chronicle dated January 3, 2017 there has been a “15 percent reduction of malaria cases; from 13,245 in 2015 to 11,149 in 2016”. When asked, what might have been the main cause for this reduction and what role the organisation played in this reduction, Wilson noted that “Breakthrough ACTION Guyana only began to implement its programmes in 2019… but we do anticipate that our interventions will increase prompt malaria care-seeking, improve treatment adherence and use of LLINs

which will over time reduce the malaria burden.” “ Breakthrough ACTION Guyana recognizes malaria as a major public concern for persons in the hinterland regions and will continue to support the MOH’s effort to reduce the malaria burden,” Wilson revealed to Pepperpot Magazine Breakthrough ACTION Guyana is advising that persons living in endemic regions

should sleep under LLINs every night and wear long sleeves, bright coloured clothing when out at night.

If symptoms are present such as fever, headache, chills and muscle pain, persons should get tested and treated early to prevent the spread to others through mosquito bites, he advised.

A mosquito can bite an infected person and then bite another person and infect them, it is, therefore, important to complete all the malaria treatment if positive to remove all the parasites from one’s body and not inadvertently spread to others, Wilson stated.

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

Hyde Park, Timehri A lovely place to raise a family

By Michel Outridge This week the Pepperpot Magazine journeyed to Hyde Park, Timehri, East Bank Demerara.

It is a small, close-knit community of two streets which is made up of sand and loam and it is uphill and downhill sections.

The place is also called the old Guyana Airways Corporation (GAC) Road, Kali Road or ‘Jumbie Road’ Hyde Park, Timehri.

The population consists of about 1,000 people of mixed race but is dominated by Indo and Afro Guyanese, who co-exist peacefully.

The village is tucked away at the far corner where the old airport used to be and it is also a dead-end and at the back of it, about a mile away, there is a creek.

The place has a large landmass which is utilised by locals, who plant mostly cash crops and lettuce and celery on a large scale.

The village has a community centre located on the main road and the nearest schools are about a five-minute drive away.

All shopping is done at the Junction or in the city and small items are bought within the community which has a few shops.

The community has a few mechanic shops, bars, a Kali Mandir and a section uphill has five related families and 27 houses. Below, that is, downhill there are many more houses.

The place is peaceful and quite cool in the night but when it rains the sand-flies would become overbearing for farmers but other than that it is the ideal place to reside for a good fam-

ily-setting.

All government facilities are located in central Timehri where there are schools, a health centre and other services which are accessible to residents.

At the Junction, there is a market and small to large businesses including gas stations and other private facilities including, supermarkets.

The village has electricity, potable water which according to residents are of good quality and it is drinkable tap water, unlike most places, internet and cable services, cell phone services but the road is caving in and in a deplorable state.

Apart from that, the place needs a bit of infrastructural development and to foster relations with the community and government a Community Development Council (CDC) was formed recently.

The CDC The CDC Chairman is Tilakdhahri Persaud, who told the Pepperpot Magazine that Hyde Park, Timehri, East Bank

Demerara is a small village which is scenic and hilly.

He stated that the place is nice and it is home of farmers, small business operators and self-employed folk, public servants and other skilled professionals, who earn honestly and contribute to society.

It is also the home of lettuce and celery which are on the shelves of supermarkets and sold to wholesale buyers in the city and its environs.

Persaud reported that the people of Hyde Park, Timehri get along and they try to empower each other by doing small things collectively.

Persaud reported that the CDC was established only two weeks before Christmas and they have a 10-member unit, all residents, who are volunteers for community development.

He disclosed that they will meet as a body in the first week of the New Year to discuss plans for community development and other activities.

“We will work along with government to upgrade our roads in the village and build better infrastructure because being a hilly village, some persons don’t have access to certain parts so the input of the administration is needed,” he said.

Carl Croker photos saved in a folder in Graphics as Village Focus.

Captions: 00222, 00292, 00295, 00277, 00292, 00295, 00310, 00306, 00317 –

Hyde Park, Timehri Village (Carl Croker photos)

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

The friendly farmers

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Residents in Hyde Park, Timehri proud of their hard work

By Michel Outridge Although he is not originally from the village he has since made it his home, Lallbachan Hemendranauth relocated to Hyde Park, Timehri, East Bank Demerara in 2005.

He is from Canal Number One Polder but resided at Bonasika, Essequibo River for some time before he settled in Hyde Park, Timehri.

The 60-year-old reported that he had to relocate because he wanted his daughter to get access to a proper school so he had to leave the confines of his village.

Hemendranauth stated that he also used to live at Better Hope, East Coast Demerara.

Unfortunately, his wife passed away when his daughter was just three years old and he ensured she went to a good private school and she excelled at exams and came

ing just that until they hit a financial wall and she had to switch to accountancy and is gainfully employed presently.

He added that she gave

seven years as a driver with his own minibus but when that project ended he had to do something else for work.

He has transformed his

Annat Seegalam’s lettuce farm

birth to a baby boy recently and he is simply overjoyed to be a grandfather.

Hemendranauth stated

back yard into a farm, planting eddoes, plantains, bananas, lettuce and other cash crops.

Lettuce cultivation at Hyde Park, Timehri

out with 16 subjects with all ones and twos.

His daughter wanted to study medicine and was do-

that he used to work with the Chinese company that was building the Cheddi Jagan International Airport (CJIA) for

Hemendranauth noted that life in Hyde Park, Timehri is comfortable and he is quite contended to lead a simple life.

The Pepperpot Magazine also met Annat Seegalam, he is a large scale lettuce and celery farmer, who was at the time on his

Rishi Singh’s farm

farm which is located just behind his house.

He is a resident of Hyde Park, Timehri for the past 21 years and used to be working with his father, a farmer too, but he decided to start his own farming.

His dad is a large scale eddo and banana farmer, who also has a plot of land in Hyde Park, Timehri.

Seegalam pointed out that he would sell his produce to wholesalers in the city and depending on the price he would make a profit.

“I saw my neighbour planting lettuce and celery and thought why not and today it is my main source of income and my 15-year-old son would assist me on the farm and I appreciate that very much,” he said.

The father of three added that he has been a farmer for the past 20 years and although it is hard work, it is his living and he does what he has to put food on the table.

Seegalam disclosed that sometimes when the work is overwhelming he would get two or three persons to help him on the farm and give them a day pay.

The team also met another villager, a farmer as well, Rishi Singh, who has

Rishi Singh (Carl Croker photos)

a large cultivation of lettuce only has three cottages where he provides living accommodation for workers on his farm.

The 46-year-old stated that in this rainy season is not a good time for lettuce and he has suffered some losses due shortage of workers, some have gone home for the holidays.

Singh, a mild-mannered man related that he is looking for a mature couple to live and work on his farm.

He has a two-acre cultivation of lettuce and he needs people to rely on and who can take responsibility of managing the farm while, he is not there.

Singh has a plot at Sarah

Johanna, East Bank Demerara and has a live-in employee, who oversees the crop.

He has been a lettuce farmer for the past 25 years and resides at the front section of Hyde Park, Timehri Village.

“Depending on the size of the lettuce it is wholesaled $60 to $100 each and with a crop of 40,000 lettuce I am hoping to make a profit because since June the rain has battered my crop,” he said.

Singh is from Canal Number One Polder, West Bank Demerara and he started farming at a young age because his father-in-law entrusted him with his farm and after he passed away on 2017 he began managing the farms.

The father of one reported that he has had a lot of problems with workers because they are not stable and would not stay for very long.

Singh added that farming is not a life of luxury but hard work and when it is sunny it is a much better condition for the lettuce because it is grown by setting seeds and takes six to seven weeks to fully grow.

He is, however, hopeful things will work out in his favour.

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

A place to unwind

Aunty Galo’s shop offers rest and relaxation for residents

By Michel Outridge Looking to have a cold beverage while, relaxing with a few games of draft or dominoes, downhill, well there is a quaint and cozy place located at Hyde Park, Timehri, East Bank Demerara.

It is Aunty Galo’s Shop which is presently being managed by her daughters following the passing of its owner a few years ago.

It was once a family business headed by the late Aunty Galo, who was well-known in the community.

However, Latchmie Samaroo is managing the small business which has a long concrete step leading from uphill to way downhill and it is not a task for the weak at heart.

The shop is well-kept and upon entry, there is a sanitising station to wash your hands and feet and it has sections with shed and comfortable seating accommodation which will certainly delay your stay there.

Under one of the clean sheds there is a table for playing dominoes and chess and it is utilised by visitors and custom-

The chessboard that awaits you at Aunty Galo’s shop

ers.

“We put the games there so people can come and stay a bit if they like to enjoy friendly games while, having a snack or a cold drink any day,” she said.

She related that with the pandemic everything is in slow motion including the business but they decided to keep the door of the place open and put on some decorations to celebrate the festive season.

Samaroo stated that on the old Guyana Airways Road (GAC) Road at Hyde Park, Timehri that she with 27 others reside are waiting for the authority to regularise the place so they will be given lease or land titles for the lands they occupy.

She told the Pepperpot Magazine that when she came to live at Hyde Park when she was just six years old so it is home for her and she is comfortable there because the The shop people are good and the place is nice.

Latchmie Samaroo, shopkeeper

When they came to live at Hyde Park she was told that the place was bare bush and swamp and they developed the place to what it is today.

Samaroo explained that over time they invested a lot of time and money to make the place habitable and to their liking but a better road would be nice since the trucks carrying goods often do not want to come to her shop considering the state of the road.

So she would have to go to the road head and make purchases then get it to her shop and it is quite an undertaking.

The 50-year-old added that apart from that they enjoy the comfort of having a home and they are surrounded by good people, it is a place where nobody quarrels and for her, that is the kind of peace she encourages.

Her family is originally from Princess Carolina, Demerara River but they left their home village many, many years ago in search of a better life.

The mother of two noted that after residing at the location for so long she is accustomed to the place and will remain there as long as she has life.

It was evident by her kind mannerism and patience she enjoys being a shop keeper and would take the time out to ensure the place is well-kept and clean at all times.

For her, it is the little things that matter most and perhaps it is for that same reason she attracts customers and is supported by the people of the village.

A recap of what will be one of the most memorable years in human history - 2020 WE stayed up late on December 31, 2019, as we always do. We stayed up to greet the new year with excitement and joy. We made our resolutions with resilience to upkeep them. It seemed like a fresh start for many, including myself—little did we know. The beginning of the year 2020 was just like any other year. I remembered quite vividly reading on-line news articles and watching live streams about this strange virus that has been affecting China and outlying countries for months. I was naive to think that these things somehow can only affect those on the other side of the world, as if my country was in a protective bubble.

It felt similar to the Ebola outbreak in 2013. We all saw it on the television, we watched on as other countries dealt with this epidemic, but we never imagined ourselves having to deal with something similar because Africa seemed so far away.

Of course, in March everything changed. Guyana as we know it changed drastically overnight. The University of Guyana’s

semester break commenced in the beginning of March. If someone had come up to me and told me that would’ve been the last time I entered a physical classroom setting up until now, I would’ve blatantly laughed at them.

I didn’t expect this to happen -- none of us did. Our semester break was extended because of the elections fiasco that occurred the following week. Nothing or anybody prepared our nation for that either. Throughout that period, Guyana was plagued with two viruses at once; COVID-19 and racism. From the killings of the Henry boys, to the blatant racism and violence, the increase of COVID-19 cases, the turmoil of the national elections and the economic and social implications that COVID-19 has wrought upon our countryGuyana like the rest of the world has gone through a lot in just a few months.

As the philosophy of Yin Yang suggests, there’s always good in bad, vice versa. So, of course, there were many positive outcomes of this year as well. The increasing numbers of small/local businesses, the technological transformation

of the school system and the sensitisation of how important frontline workers are, inclusive of better holistic health care plans for all Guyanese, among many others. We ought to be thankful for the good times and learn from the bad. I’m hopeful that we all can turn over a new leaf in the upcoming year. With the discovery of effective treatment for this virus, the world will be able to heal sooner than later.

With that said, let’s not forget that the COVID-19 virus will not disappear at 12 AM on January 1st. It will still be our sole responsibility to protect ourselves and others. While the year 2020 will live on in our minds for years to come, I hope the good memories of the near future outweighs the painful and devastating ones of yesteryear. Lastly, I’d also like to take this opportunity to wish the readers of Youth Perspective a Happy New Year. The year 2021 can be a better one, but that can only happen if we allow it to be.

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

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The spiritual healer of Hyde Park, Timehri

By Michel Outridge

M

aybe it is based on one’s beliefs but who knows, maybe it is the place where people go to be healed spiritually, but in Hyde Park, Timehri, one can find the home of self-ordained Hindu Pandit, Parsram Samaroo, who established a spiritual mandir that offers spiritual healing.

Samaroo said that the mandir was established many years ago after he fell ill and doctors had given up on him.

His last resort to reclaim good health was at the door of a Pandit, who told him he needed to perform some spiritual services and when he is of good health he must continue the ‘healing process’ by helping others.

The 74-year-old self-styled Pandit told the Pepperpot Magazine that in 1975 he was employed at the ministry, located at Timehri as a security guard when he fell sick. Unable to do much as a result, he went to many doctors and other healthcare professionals, who could not find any medical complaints.

Back then, he stated that he was a staunch Roman Catholic and did not believe in Pandits and used to attend the Meadowbank Church since he used to live at Mc Doom.

Samaroo recalled after the riot in 1964, their family house in Mc Doom Village was bombed and his youngest sister and niece perished but luckily, he survived and the rest of the family fled to Soesdyke Village.

They were renting a house for $40 per month then and he began a simple life of farming.

Samaroo added that he felt he wanted to die because he was helpless and depressed and there was no doctor to say what seemed to be his medical complaint, but then he was advised by elders to go to a Pandit for a “reading”.

He was completely healed and felt like himself once again and he believed that he had to open his own mandir to help others and so he built a small 10 by 12 wooden structure at Hyde Park, Timehri.

Today, the Mandir has grown in size and attendance and the place is well-built with different sections for worship and healing services and it can accommodate up to 300 persons but due to COVID-19 only a few persons are allowed entry at any given time.

“I believe that I was healed through this kind of spiritual service and I will continue to fulfil my calling because I am healthy to date and I help others, who are trapped spiritually,” he said.

He gave an example of which a young boy when he arrived at the Mandir he could not walk or talk and after the healing service he got up and walked out of there in good health and was able to return home overseas.

Samaroo stated that people who visit for his services would make a monetary donation which goes towards the purchase of the things required for the service or they bring their own and he would accept whatever they can afford after the healing service.

“I don’t see this Mandir as a money-making thing but I believe I am helping humanity and providing a service for people and I would accept anything when poor people come here and even ensure they have a place to stay overnight if

The Kali Mandir in Hyde Park, Timehri (Carl Croker photos)

Parsram Samaroo in his Mandir

they journey for far,” he said.

The father of four reported that all are welcome at his Mandir despite race, creed or religion his place represents all the religions and he is the healer of the body, mind and soul.

Samaroo is a member of the International Religious Organisation (IRO) and would even entertain priests, pastors and other pandits at his Mandir.

It is believed that the street was named after Samaroo’s temple that is, Kali Street.

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

‘Come pamper yourself at Cassie’s’ Small business owner taking pride in her craft

By Michel Outridge From time to time, most people indulge in self-care or feel the need to have their nails or hair done professionally the residents Hyde Park, Timehri, are lucky to have such a place in their community.

This small business belongs to Cassie Singh, who relocated to the village two years ago after getting married and is living with her in-laws.

She is originally from Herstelling, also on the East Bank Demerara and says life is very comfortable in that community where nature is at its best with a lot of greenery and it is a place where the chirping of the birds would

Beautician, Cassie Singh at her workstation at home (Carl Croker photos) Cassie Singh’s business signboard

let you know it’s time to get up.

Singh told the Pepperpot Magazine that Hyde Park is a good place to live because they don’t have to worry about safety since the people are neighbourly.

She stated that foodstuff and other things that are necessary for the home are within reach at the Junction and schools and other facilities are also located in central Timehri.

Some services provided

Cassie Singh’s home

From Page II

by Singh include manicures, pedicures, foot and facial scrubs, waxing, hair and nails and make-up for events at a very pocket-friendly price.

She self-promotes her small business via a signboard attached to the fence and that has attracted some customers of which most is from that community.

“My customer-base is right from this village because residents don’t want to commute to Georgetown or out of this area for these beauty services and it takes time and money so it is convenient for them to visit my business,” she said.

Growing up she explained that she always liked to enhance the beauty of others and one day she told herself she can make it a business and she went about to sharpen her skills.

It was her passion that led to become a professional in the beauty industry and today, it is her main source of income to supplement her husband’s earning.

She told the Pepperpot Magazine that although her business is part-time she is pleased with the support she gets from the community in terms of clientele.

“My place is comfortable for this kind of business and it is the perfect place to be when you think you need to pamper yourself,” she said.

Singh disclosed that Hyde Park Village is environmentally-friendly, a garbage-free village where the pipe water is the cleanest and drinkable and it is airy

Building a golden-age ...

This young boy was standing transfixed before this portrait of the Guyanese-born international author of the bestselling book, “To Sir, With Love” at the National Library in Georgetown. Thinking twice, I decided not to interrupt him, and instead went right ahead and took the photograph. Not usually my modus operandi in cases such as this (Photo by Francis Q. Farrier)

and spacious.

About a month ago, Minister of Public Works, Juan Edghill had visited the village and promised residents to have the road upgraded to make the community more accessible to goods and services.

In Hyde Park, Timehri, Singh said there are no real issues and the people just mind their own business and are too busy to fuss about anything.

She, like many other villagers, seems at peace with life in this hilly community which is full of valleys and alleys and a whole lot of sand and trees, plants and other greenery.

See Page XIII

Having been a fan of the international entertainer Englebert Humperdinck for over 50 years, and attending a live concert of his on February 13, it was a given that I would take a photograph of the now 84-year-old on stage. Technically, it may not be the best photograph I’ve ever taken, but there are those times when the subject and event are paramount and should be embraced. Fifty years ago, I never imagined that I would have seen him performing live. He is regarded as the singer of some of the most romantic songs in history - “There Goes My Everything,” “Winter World of Love,” “Lonely is a Man Without Love,” “Please Release Me,” and “Blue Spanish Eyes” among many others (Photo by Francis Q. Farrier)

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, October 4, 2020

GUYANA FULLY PREPARED FOR VACCINATION PHASE OF COVID19 PANDEMIC WHEN the COVID-19 virus struck the world in early 2020, no one could have imagined that one’s own country and the world would have been immediately engulfed in a pandemic. People knew of the small pox pandemic which killed off over half the Amerindian population of the Americas in the early years of the Spanish conquest and destroyed their civilisation; or the Black Death of medieval Europe which killed off more than half the population with deep social, economic and political effects; or the Spanish flu of over a century ago which killed over ten million people, but the appearance of a pandemic in the World of the 21st century was unthinkable.

The Corona19 pandemic is being addressed in a different way from past pandemics.

The scientific community of the world were in communication with each other and exchanged information, statistical data relating to the depredations were generated, lockdowns of the economies of the world were effectuated and there was a determination to scientifically defeat the pandemic and the loss of life as compared with past pandemics was moderate. But after several months and no cures or vaccines had been discovered, people became pessimistic and the pandemic became more fearsome. In the third quarter of the year, however, information began to trickle out that effective vaccines were being developed and the world felt a spark of relief.

By November 2020, three companies -- Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca/Oxford -- declared that they were ready to release tens of millions of effective vaccines on the market. The regulators could not accept the pharma companies’ word without doing their own research and evaluations. They have given temporary permission for these vaccines to be on the market. Russia, in the meantime, has been using their Sputnik vaccination nationwide.

There has been a rush to secure the vaccines and the richer and developed countries could have monopolised them to the detriment of the poorer countries. A number of international bodies have come into the picture and

prevented this scenario and are trying to ensure that developing countries get timely supplies of the vaccines.

The unit which is responsible for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Guyana is under the control of Minister of Health Dr Frank Anthony. Guyana is fortunate in having such dedicated, professional, well-informed and internationally trusted and respected leadership in this field. Dr Anthony, with characteristic foresight, has been working to secure vaccines in a highly competitive milieu.

Guyana has made submissions to COVAX and has signed the terms of agreement to confirm its inclusion in the COVAX facility. COVAX is a body consisting of the World Health Organization (WHO) and other important international organisations that are working to ensure that there are fair access and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. In the words of Dr Anthony, “We have started working with COVAX and have submitted information about possible vaccine candidates and our preferences.”

With equal foresight, Guyana has also secured the help of the group consisting of WHO, UNICEF and GAVI (the Vaccine Alliance) and other partners to help Guyana begin the COVID-19 vaccinations. Such help would include adaptable guidance, tools, training and advocacy materials.

On the International scene, President Irfaan Ali reinforced Guyana’s position when he addressed the 31st Special Session of the UN General Assembly. In his speech, he enjoined: “The United Nations must continue to be in the forefront-- as it has been over the last eight months -- in piloting the international roll-out of mass immunisation for the developing countries.”

Guyana has been creatively moving forward: It has already appointed a National Vaccine Task Force under Dr Anthony’s chairmanship.

The Task Force consists of a number of specialists and persons from the public as well as the private health sector, the University of Guyana, the Joint Services and other key stakeholders.

The Task Force has already begun work on a draft plan of operations: they have already begun to develop a Training Manual for the ad-

ministration of COVID-19 vaccines. They have already started work on the cold chain and acquiring refrigerators where the vaccines will be stored. Some of the health centres will be expanded to create adequate space. They are working on the priority list as to who

and when they receive the vaccine, the first group being the frontline health workers and high-risk patients. With its own preparations and efforts, Guyana would be able to utilise to the optimum the external assistance it receives.

SOME USES OF PEPPERMINT OIL

S

OME months ago, this column carried an article on mint. The article treated mint as a folk medicine, but did make some reference to peppermint oil.

In this offering, we will be dealing with approximately 20 uses of peppermint oil and although the uses identified are different, the treatment tends to be similar. We would however not try to consolidate, but would deal with every use and its treatment individually.

Peppermint is derived from a species of herb, mint, which has over 20 varieties, but the two varieties most known are peppermint and spearmint. The main component of these mint species is menthol.

Peppermint oil, which has more menthol than spearmint, is extracted from the peppermint plant.

Peppermint oil was used for thousands of years and was known among the Greeks, Romans, Chinese and Indians. Indeed, it is still an important item in modern Chinese pharmacopeia. Two Chinese produced peppermint-based products, Shiling Oil and Tiger Balm, are well known and widely used in Guyana.

Although peppermint oil was known and used in the 19th century by Western countries (even in producing other medicines), it was only in the last few generations that intensive research on it had been done. Such research found that peppermint oil could bring relief to several kinds of ailments including digestive problems, bacterial infection, inflammation, fatigue, muscular soreness, congestion, allergies, headaches and halitosis.

Below we list a number of ailments and their peppermint o i l treatment. (These were taken from a reputable publication on alternative medicine.)

BOOSTING OF ENERGY: To improve mental and physical energy and clarity level, inhale peppermint oil throughout the day. This may be done via the use of an inhaler or merely by sprinkling a few drops on a kerchief.

GETTING RID OF DANDRUFF: Peppermint oil possesses anti-fungal and anti-microbial properties, which allows it to combat dandruff effectively.

Relieves muscular pain: The menthol in peppermint oil has significant antispasmodic and anti-painkilling effects and a few drops mixed in coconut oil and massaged or rubbed on the affected muscle would bring relief.

SORE JOINTS:

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CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

THE WILD THINGS

THE CALL AND THE DARE NEW YEAR GREETING HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL MY READERS! I HOPE YOU CONTINUE TO ENJOY MY STORIES, AS I TAKE YOU ON JOURNEYS INTO THE WORLD OF MYTH, ADVENTURE AND MYSTERIES. SHADOWS deepen as wolves cry; night in supreme reign over the earth.

The distant, deep-throttled hum of engines from the outskirts of the city, through streets and avenues, like a calling, drew closer and closer. On cue, they burst into the city’s main square with hell-raising sounds, fire on their wheels. The big bikes, metallic demons, fearsome and brutal, the roads can say, and their riders wild and fearless as night after night they played games with death.

‘Wild Things’ they called themselves, the roads their playground for daredevil stunts and acts; wildlife to live and to die if may, no regrets, no tears. The angels from above watched bemused, for how many over the years hadn’t they guided home as their loved ones cried and prayed for their souls.

Rebels of today and tomorrow who cared less how sacred and priceless life was, and as the wild things of the night continued to flirt with death, in another part

of the country, in a hospital bed, prayers courted life as a young girl battled to stay alive.

A defect in her heart could not guarantee her long life; and as it grew weaker, her days became numbered.

Her name was on the donor’s list for a long time, waiting as the minutes ticked away, day by day. Her eyes became dull, her lips paled, yet she could still smile a little, holding on to faith as time drew closer. The Christmas songs and jingling of bells she heard, knowing she may not see the dawn of the new year.

The irony of life, a revelation, stunning in its extreme; a young girl nurturing a dream to become a doctor, to make a worthy contri-

bution to humanity, a girl in whose belief life was as unique as the stars, sun and moon, was, by an act of fate, being denied a chance to live.

“It’s God’s will, mom,” she said with her precious breath, “Don’t cry.”

“How can I not cry, my child?” her mother asked, a tremor in her voice, “You’re my heart and soul.”

She squeezed her mother’s hand, too weak not to even smile, and she closed her eyes.

“The angels from Heaven watching the scene of life on earth whispered, “It’s almost time.”

As the angel set to descend, a young biker performed her last daring stunt as her bike skid out of control and crashed. Doctors on-call rushed the accident victim to the theatre. She was a donor, her heart the exact match to the young, aspiring doctor drawing on her last breath. The complexity of fate and a miracle bond by prayers.

In the dark of the night, the engines hummed and revved as ‘The Wild Things’ lit candles for their fallen friend. They will continue to ride, a legacy of death and dare that must not die.

The girl who was the recipient from the donor, sang songs of praise and thanks as she heralded in the New Year. A life to treasure as she continued her studies to follow her dreams, but sometimes it seemed hushed whispers interrupted her thoughts. It was something strange, and though she tried not to focus on it, the whispers continued as though someone close was trying to tell her something. She told no one about her strange experience, knowing it was something she had to deal

with on her own.

Who was trying to talk to her? And why?

Sarah always studied late into the night, and it was on one of those nights, months later, when the hushed whispered became soft, distinct words, “She wanted the best for me, but I followed the wrong path. Now I’m gone, and she’s all alone.”

Sarah said nothing, and the voice faded away. She wrote down the words and stared at it for a long time, not sure what to think. It was a young girl’s voice filled with regret for someone close to her. Sarah heard nothing more until a few days later.

“She’s so sad, she cries all the time. How could I not have known how much she loved me? I wish I could hold her now, and say ‘sorry’ but I can’t.”

The regret in the young girl’s voice was so deep, it touched Sarah’s heart, and she asked quietly, “Who are you? And why are you talking to me?”

No answer, not for another few days. Then late, the third night, the girl spoke again, “She wanted me to be someone like you; smart, ambitious and disciplined.”

“What happened?” Sarah asked.

“I became a rebel, living wild. The night I died, was the night you were given a chance to live.”

Sarah drew in her breath sharply, and put down her pen, understanding now why this was happening. The girl who had been speaking to her was the donor whose heartbeat within her. Sarah stayed calm, praying in her mind, “Please God, don’t let this be something bad for me.”

“Why,” she asked of the girl, “Are you telling me this?”

“I want you to take care of my mother, be the person I couldn’t be to her, and let her know how sorry I am, and that I loved her, so I can move on.”

Sarah travelled to the city the next day to the girl’s home, as directed, but the mother was not there, nor at the church. She found her at the cemetery, kneeling at her daughter’s grave – a sad, broken woman. Sarah touched her on the shoulders lightly and said, “Mrs. James, I’m sorry for your loss. Christine was an old school friend.”

The woman turned to look at Sarah and tried to smile, just a hint, and shook her head.

“She was my baby, my only child.”

She broke into tears and Sarah hugged her, trying to give her some comfort.

“Let prayers heal and comfort you, for in your heart you know she’s in a better place, and she wouldn’t want to see you sad.”

“I wish it were that simple,” Christine’s mother said as she continued to cry, “If only she had listened to me.”

“I’m sure if she could say sorry now, she would.”

Sarah helped the girl’s mother to her feet and said, “Come on, I’ll help you find comfort and closure. Together we will pray and I will time with you for Christine was a special friend.”

A soft, cool breeze touched Sarah and only she heard Christine’s voice.

“Thank you. Now I can leave, for my mother is in very good hands.”

Sarah smiled, “Thank you too, for your precious gift.”

And as the angels guided Christine home, ‘The Wild Things’ continued to ride – a culture, a legacy.

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, October 4, 2020

Back at it!

Hello Everyone, I HOPE this week has treated you well AND that you are keeping up with your new year resolutions. A lot that has happened around us would not have simply changed -- and neither the pain that it may have caused -- but this year we can all work together to change our mindset and develop new and healthy ways to cope with these issues.

By tomorrow, most of us will have resumed our ‘normal’ life -- back to work, school, gym, healthy eating, no drinking, etc. (as much as COVID-19 will let us) It is really hard to adjust back to our regular routines after holidays, especially Christmas.

It was a long break with so much going on in between.

There are a few things that we have to deal with

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, October 4, 2020

when we look and feel our after the holidays is normal. visited somewhere nice that best, we turn that confidence I have experienced this as an brought you joy, keep a trininwards, build better self-es- international student. For a ket or reminder nearby. This teem and are automatically few weeks, after I left Guy- keeps the excitement as well better equipped to deal with ana and returned to wherever as provides new learning and daily life’s stressors. social opportunities.

I was at the time, I know Hello Everyone, ple can get physical if they both or not; there are people The comings and goings my family Make I suffered find outand they have been who cheat and people who a list of things to of our families during thehope this to. January is this. this way about my weekIhasfeltbetrayed do not. It’slook simply forward a peryou well. friends, - End ofroti a marriage/ sonal choice.

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Quality time with to daily A woman -had things written I -was Medicalused consequences someone deeply or not. about her husband’s such as acquiring a me. sexually The main reason always anxiety is a psychological special people? Etc. This will andinfidelithat comforted ty and the anguish it brought transmitteddo disease (STD)adjust cited to meproduce is a lack of at-new excitement that disorder where an individual So, how we her. Ior think it isback an important - Pregnancylife (themselves tention. Themay partner have has felt disappeared along feels excessive anxiety to normal quickly topic to discuss, as it is so or the outside person) ignored by their significant sadness when leaving a home with the holiday season. and easily, in a way that proprominent throughout our other which has lowered environment or loved ones, to make plans mental society. I myselfmotes know verygoodNow, what doeshealth? their self-esteemContinue and selfwhere there is a strongfewatwiththey your Easy! and foremost, do Therefore, relationships that areFirstcheating do to the worth. seek friends and family. attention elsewhere. tachment. It can be both monogamouslong which Yes, people are busy again not means continue victim? over drinking to beremarried toand or to beeating in a It causes extreme hurt, do.

There are ways or short term, sometimes butmany it doesn’t mean you have as so many sexual relationship just low self-esteem self- to give attention to your quiring medication and other to wait for another big holiYetwithagain, start a and healthier one partner. doubt. It ruins the trust for spouse. Some examples times, disappearing with disday to see them again. different forconstant We’re goinglifestyle to talk about -not this only theiscurrent, but also are communicatraction or regular communiFor those who miss their you willThisknow being unfaithfuleveryone in general forand future relationships. tion of the problem—not cation with the ones missed. families physical activitywhen works as only marriedwhat people can is called projecting, talking, ignoring and hold-and have the means but for you you. the victims are more often ing a grudgetosolves nothing.

Deeply missing loved commit ones adultery, keep up with social media best do not have to be married than not afraid, insecure Other examples beinglatest technologies. andarethe Incorporate some of the in order to be devastated by and untrusting their new over physicallyI’m and mentally aware that it is not as new things you inlearnt that betrayal. relationships. This can lead present and affectionate, good asem-personal interaction, the holidays into your routine For the religious, adul- to high anxiety, depression compassionate, patient, but with life.

For example, if you realtery is a sin; the word from and even suicide. pathetic and sexually ac- the technology and available these days, it’s ly ‘adulterloved a Cheating certain its Latin heritage willmeal, also affect look tive. Humanapps beings long for are’ means to corrupt.

It is it; the children if themet familysomeis these typesactually of connections.quite hard to miss to cook if you From Pages II & X one of the major causes of split apart.inTypically, Basically, cheating is an ex- I’m sure most of us someone. one nice, stay touch;trustif you

now that the holidays have come to an end. I would like to speak about them in the hope of making the transition easier for as many as possible, as even I struggle with this. The first is loneliness.

Many of us do an unusual amount of socialising during the Christmas season, which makes us feel noticed and loved, whether we realise it at the time or not. Some people find this adjustment hard as others are back to their busy, personal and private lives.

Another thing is going back to or starting a healthier lifestyle. Those who read my column often know that I always preach eating right, sleeping more and exercising often. This is not at all for vanity or weight reasons, but rather I genuinely believe in the term ‘healthy body, healthy mind.’ I believe

I

Building a golden-age ...

breakups/divorce worldwide. However, its effects on both individuals are widespread.

Unfaithfulness/cheating causes many problems with both the cheater and the victim, ranging from psychological, physical to financial stress (long and short term). It also affects an entire family. Even though it’s so rampant and typically ignored, cheating is usually disapproved of in society. In fact, it is still against the law in certain countries such as Saudi Arabia, North Korea and Pakistan.

There is no doubt that the idea of adultery/cheating is attractive. Humans love reading about it, watching Travelling to Georgetown along the West Coast Berbice Public Road, this lit-up arch it on television and many loomed in the distance giving me enough time to prepare to photograph the sight. It wassimply not love the excitement too difficult for me to take this photograph, seated in the front passenger seat, as the vehicle of pleasures we cannot easily have. was going at about 55mph. It made my “Favourite Twelve” particularly because it is, what Nevertheless, there are I consider, the best of my night time photographs of the COVID-19 year, 2020. (Photo by after-effects.

F.Q. Farrier) For the person who has committed adultery/cheating, they may experience: - Intense guilt - Anxiety about being caught - Depression due to consequences if/when caught - Violence, as some peo-

This is a candid Photograph of Mayor Ubraj Narine of the Garden city of Georgetown, in discussion with two citizens. The citizens were accommodated by Mayor Narine without an appointment. The First Citizen listened attentively to their concerns and requests for assistance. What I detected in this photograph is a reflection of service being given by someone in authority to others in need of assistance (Photo by Francis Q. Farrier)

issues are also passed on to them, affecting both their future friendships and intimate relationships.

I know many people who have never been cheated on (to their knowledge), but are terrified of it because one of their parents were unfaithful. This prevents them from having a normal, healthy relationship, which includes trust, love and respect.

Why do people cheat?

Other than serious illnesses such as sex addiction, there are many contradictory reasons as to why people cheat. It is known that rich and powerful men/women cheat, as they believe everything has a price. However, people who are not rich or those who are instead with powerful partners cheat.

Why? Because they feel as though they do not have enough power in the relationship. Many people also blame cheating on drugs and alcohol. They have had too much, their inhibitions are lowered which causes normal thought processes to go haywire.

Whether you are male or female, rich or poor, black, white or brown, powerful or not, have a mental illness

ternal reaction to an internal problem. Participating in the above examples are internal solutions.

What happens after you have found out?

Well, there is a big decision to make. Do you stay and trust that it will not happen again or do you end the relationship? I did not realise until recently how many people are stuck in this type of situation, as they have nowhere else to go and no other way to financially support themselves or their children.

This is where the community groups that I have previously spoken about come into play. If you have been betrayed in this manner, you are definitely not alone.

There is strength in numbers and together we can start the healing process.

Please continue to write to caitlinvieira@gmail.com and let me know what you would like me to discuss.

Suicide Helpline numbers – 223-0001, 223-0009, 623-4444 or 600-7896 Say Yes to Life and No to Drugs! Always!

XIII XXV would be used to this method of communication since COVID began.

For those of you who are studying or working abroad-take it from me--home will always be here. It will not drastically change or forget about you. Missing things and people while looking forward to seeing them has a positive impact on the relationship. In the meantime, do new activities -- there is so much more available to you which will encourage growth and development. Enjoy the independence which is caused by this alone time and distance.

Thanking you for reading. Please keep sending any topics you’d like to talk about to caitlinvieira@gmail.com . For private counselling, please call or message +592 623 0433 Suicide Prevention Helpline numbers: 223-0001, 2230009, 623-4444, 600-7896 Say Yes to Life and No to Drugs! Always

XIV

CHRONICLE PEPPERPOT ― Sunday, January 03, 2021

Important questions for 2021

I must express my gratitude to all persons who read my column and especially to those who called or sent messages. This is the first Sunday in the year and it may be a good time to pause and reflect. There is power in pausing, and reflection is empowering because it allows us to chart the course for our next journey. This has been a challenging year, but many incredible things have happened in our lives.

No matter how the journey was, we need to move forward with a positive mindset because that is where the most awesome ideas are cultivated. We must

have a vision for the year ahead, and life in general.

The word vision is mentioned 130 times in the Old Testament. The bible says “where there is no vision, the people perish,” and this indicates how important vision is to our future. We cannot live a fulfilled life without purpose. One of my mentors, John Maxwell, said “When you are bigger than your purpose you have a career. When your purpose is bigger than you, you have a calling.” Purpose helps us to understand our mission in life.

We hear so much about purpose, but what is “PUR-

POSE?” Purpose is the original intent for a thing. Purpose is the reason why a thing exists; it’s the desired result for a thing; it’s the source of DESTINY. The intent of God is the will of God. God is pleased when you discover your purpose in life and get busy realising it.

God is only committed to His purpose and not your plans.

Whatever God calls you for, He provides for. Whatever you were born to do, is already paid for.

It is important to know where we are going because if we don’t, any road will take us there. There are some very important questions we

must ask ourselves for us to achieve our best year and best life.

WHO AM I? IDENTITY The question “Who am I?” is a question of identity.

Many people who don’t know their true identity live the way others live, talk the way others do and do things that others do. You need to find out who you really are.

WHERE AM I FROM? HERITAGE The question “Where am I from?” is the question of Heritage. You have to find out where you are from. This does not refer to ethnic background, but it refers to the source where you are from.

If you don’t know where you are from, you will never know where you are going WHY AM I HERE? PURPOSE The question “Why am I here?” is a question of purpose. You need to find your purpose for life to live

a purpose-driven life.

WHAT CAN I DO? POTENTIAL. The question of “What can I do?” is a question of potential, unless you discover your abilities and potential, you will never maximise it. There is something God has deposited in you to impact your life and your entire world, you have to bring it out.

WHERE AM I GOING? DESTINY. The question of “Where am I going?” is a question of destiny. You must know where you are going. If you don’t know where you are going, every path will look like it.

God’s greatest desire is for you to discover your purpose for life. Proverbs 19:21”Many are the plans in the man’s heart but it’s the Lord’s purpose/counsel that will stand.”

My mentor Myles Munroe said, “The greatest tragedy in life is not death, the

greatest tragedy in life is a life without a purpose.”

When we discover why we were created our lives become easier to manage. We all have to be accountable for our lives.

A dead man is no longer accountable for why he’s breathing, but you who are living must give account.

These questions seem simple, but coming up with the answers can be challenging. I also encourage you to get some friends or together to discuss these five questions. I have been having great feedback from the guided journal I recently published on Amazon. The content is similar to what I am sharing now. The journal was conceived while compiling the stories for 365 Invaluable Life Experiences.

2021 could be the year you want it to be. Let’s be intentional about making it our best year as we continue to celebrate this journey called life BEYOND THE RUNWAY.

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There was a time when having THE MYSTERY SYSTEM OFnot CHRISTMAS enough saved us and not knowing A tale of the human ethos enough also killed us...

OF course, it’s a commercial period that from my omparisons with perspective, husbands ideas are necessary should keep the attention and more possible of their wives at home now, than back then say rather than walking down30 years ago, today, with town. I think from experithe current overpowering ence that there are many presence of at times conspirits embodied in what flicting information flowis defined as the spirit of ing in, provided through Christmas, like the muses various channels of media they have different cateand though questionable, gories of inspiration one with diligence we can find is ‘Shopping beyond the answers. Back then, withboundaries of necessity’ out the available tools, and that inspiration tarbooks, articles or radio gets women. Most men programmes to inform us, have a list that includes the to establish authenticity stress-related bills, the last in time to avoid record I read, mentioned serious errors that men die more from of judgement on stress-related illnesses than medical condiwomen; that’s because tions, therefore, we’re born with this list exaggerated lore of not-to-dos that define and imagination ‘manhood’: don’t whine, supplemented. complain, beg, cry, and If you’re over 50 realise that there are no then you would ‘Sugar Mamas’ only ‘Sugbe aware that ar Daddies’ don’t become there was a beone, or the stress will delief system that stroy you. went along with This is a phenomenon the observation of Christmas not only in of deformed Guyana, but from larger children among wealthy families, it was presumed that they had to sell a child to sustain the wealth they had acquired.

With the same predicament afflicting poor folk it was defined as an attempted abortion or family rituals set in place by ancestors not adhered to, that resulted in punishment.

Years later, we would read with alarming attention the onslaught of the devastating drug Thalidomide, marketed across the world as a wonder drug for pregnant mothers (1950s) that mutated foetuses that were birthed without legs or arms. This sophisticated wonder drug was later discovered to be created and marketed by people with Nazi concentration camp affiliations. But who can for certain determine that other such pharmaceutical products have not reached the market with similar results?

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economies that I’ve lived in for a while, where the enthuAlso ,it took a long time to siasm of the season compels recognise that the construcan intoxication of shopping. tion of the favourite AsbesThey, however, have a contos, that was also used as an sumer privilege to take back intercepting plate used beitems, rebalancing the budtween the pot and the flame get into reality, that provides especially in cooking cooka favourable sober-up reup rice was a conduit of Canprieve. From the beginning cer. The citizens more likely of time, human governance to be lured to subscribe to has instilled in populations the purchases of wwell-marthe longing for redemption; ketedpharmaceutical poisons thus, more so the longing for were the doing better half of divine intervention. Somesociety. Ideas like conflicthow this has accounted for ing blood groups impacting the remarkable presence on births or the benefits of of shepherd Elders across basic exercises at all were cultures. I inherited a book published in 1913 on comparative religions by Rev. Charles H. Vail titled ‘The World Saviors.’ It took me some years to explore its narratives and in-depth content on the similarity of unusual revolutionary souls that have emerged across all human variations, Prophets, Messiahs, Avatars etc. It occurred to me that cynical as I am, that it is doubtful that there was a global exchange of this idea, since people hardly travelled over

not popular. A rounded overweight person was regarded as “looking good” simply because most working-class homes did practice strict food management, thus wethey always had ‘hat stands’ peeping out as visible ‘collar bones’ were called. There wasn’t at the table a variety of food types, what helped, was that low budget folks did lots of walking to burn out overindulgence of starchy foods, plus our culture of ‘Bush medicine’ real fruit juices and fruits, and we did play in school, contributed to toughening us up, we had indeed come so far, and can reflect, but?

However, instead of soci-

100 miles to go anywhere, except by sea routes, here ety smoothly evolving from and there, for example, the ignorance to light, invasive entire Biblical geography impediments stepped in is located on the African and settled to dim whatever continent. The remarkable awareness of light was visthing is that in this very book ible. Drug addiction, with and others after, there was protected drug blocks with a common denominator, of all kind of intimidating concommon birth timing, based nections have become part on a specific astronomical of the accepted landscape, uniformity for all these savwhile the civil society and iours. However, the essence the usual stakeholders reof the birth of Jesus who mained silent over the past would become the ‘Christ’ is 36 odd years. Bad as that is, rooted in our human culture it doesn’t stop there, addicof the sacred, that echoes tion to prescription narcotics the relevance of religion is a lesser but still an ‘evil’ and the constant quest of that drug abuse has change when the illuminaled to addiction and tion dims, and the business can seriously alter acof man-contrived gods usurp tivity in bodily conthe higher responsibility exduct and disposition pounded at the birth of the by affecting increased manifestation. activation of dopaChristmas also envemine receptors in the lopes the old harvest fesbrain is proven. Adtival custom through the diction is regarded as cleansing and preparing of “a complex psychothe home, whether owned or logical and social pherented, acknowledging that a nomenon that requires house is not a home, a home psychological and sois an environment within the cial treatment” and walls, of souls with shared the added conclusion empathy and compassion. is that “the disease is at its core biological: changes that a physical substance [drug] causes in vulnerable body tissue [brain].” – Eric J. Nestler., M.D., PhD Science & Practice perspectives-Dec. 2005. Because research isn’t movie magic and while ‘the grass grows, the cows go hungry’ in respect to addiction, the definition is stated by Narcotics Anonymous; Sixth Edition 2008-“Compulsion- once having started the process with one fix, one pill, or one drink we cannot stop through our own power of will. Because of our physical sensitivity to drugs, we are completely in the grip of a destructive power greater than ourselves. When at the end of the road we find that we can no longer function as a human being, either with or without drugs, we all face the dilemma. What is there left to do? There seems to be this alternative: either go on as best we can to the bitter ends-jails, institutions

In another age, we cleansed and treated tribal farmlands or death-or find a new way and waterways, shared food to live. For the first time in and gifts for those less proman’s history, a simple way ductive, with Christmas we has been proving itself in the are still cued to the profound lives of many addicts. It is symbolism that has sustained available to us all. us through the ages.

This is a simple spirituThe Christ season sumal-not religious-program, known as Narcotics Anonymous.” Abbreviated: N-A or its principles, which are yet to be established through Law and Custom of principle practice, on our turf, has proven itself effective and is a good reading source for columnists (I have a few in mind). Somehow addicts find it difficult to sleep during withdrawal, and they seek over the

mons the otherwise deeper contained aspects of our counter and prescription nature: we think of gifts to sleeping aids, that are acpersons who have affected quired illegally. For those us positively, to our famistill residing with family, lies-- meaning spouse and regardless of how confused offspring -- and others; and agitated their condition despite social media, we seem, they must be told, are still inspired by beauand resisted by those close to them in their appeal for contraband- non prescribed sleeping aids, because these shelf items can be hazardous, to quote 2014 & 2016 Consumer Reports magazines that cite the danger of overdosing on the drug Acetaminophen, found in both Tylenol and Nyquil, though effective within recommended dosages, can be toxic with dependency

tiful and relevant funny cards. We must also think overdoses, causing Liver of those out of employfailure, this is just one of ment, for those relatives the list mentioned. Ambiand friends, we apply an en can induce awareness old family custom; we do blackouts, some sleeping that sub-ration ‘thing.’ And pills are known to come with hangover, See aPage XXII and an accident the next morning can be traced to impaired coordination that is a follow over from a sleeping aid last night. We have the medical personnel, people must know we can’t lose people because they can afford to innocently buy danger, or because they just don’t know of the threat. In 2021, the challenges of the old days have morphed and are still with us.

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International Year and Decade Themes WELCOME to the weekly column of the Environmental Protection Agency in Guyana new readers, and welcome back to our regular readers. We at the EPA take this opportunity to extend best wishes for the new year to you and your families.

Every year, the United Nations selects an environmental issue that it determines requires global attention and action.

In light of the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, the theme International Year for Fruits and Vegetables was selected. In a message launching the campaign, Secretary-General António Guterres said that despite tremendous benefits of fruits and vegetables, “we do not consume enough of them.”

“Fruits and vegetables are the cornerstone of a healthy and varied diet. They provide the human body with an abundance of nutrients, strengthen immune systems and help lower risks for a number of diseases,” he said.

“As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the health and livelihoods of people across the world, we must come together to ensure that nutritious foods, including fruits and vegetables, reach the most vulnerable, leaving no one behind,” the UN chief added. “Let us use this International Year to rethink our relationship with how we produce and consume food, and to re-examine our food systems and commit to a healthier, more resilient and sustainable world where everyone can access and afford the diverse nutrition they need.”

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation is the lead agency for celebrating the year, in collaboration with other relevant organisations and bodies of the United Nations system. The International Year complements several other key initiatives including the Decade of Action on Nutrition (20162025), the Decade of Family Farming (2019-2028), and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. These observances reinforce each other.

The lush soil and tropical climate allow Guyanese to enjoy a diverse selection of fresh fruits and vegetables, thereby allowing us to have a balanced diet full of the right combination of nutrients.

A new decade of action

Ecosystem restoration in There has never been a more urgent need to restore dam- Guyana aged ecosystems than now.

Mangrove restoration Ecosystems support all life on Earth. The healthier The EPA is implementing the our ecosystems are, the GEF Caribbean Large Marine Ecohealthier the planet -- and systems (CLME+) project which its people. The UN Decade requires the selection of a degraded on Ecosystem Restoration mangrove area to apply Ecosysaims to prevent, halt and tem-Based Management (EBM) reverse the degradation of approaches and ocean governance ecosystems on every conarrangements. These approaches are tinent and in every ocean. said to be the most effective for the It can help to end poverty, mitigation of pollution, restoration combat climate change and and/or rehabilitation of the area. The prevent a mass extinction.

Wellington Park site was selected It will only succeed if everydue to the massive sawdust accuone plays a part. mulation along the coast, where the Objectives of the Decade: mangrove reserve is located. * Showcase successful Participants and EPA officers Impacts of gold mining in Upper Mazaruni, 2017 government-led and private engaged in conversations around the initiatives to halt ecosystem proper management of mangroves, degradation, restore those ecosystems that have already been the role of the EPA as part of the CLME+ project, next steps degraded; in creating a management plan for the area and the importance * Enhance knowledge exchange on what works and why of community perspectives in the planning process. Through (policy, economics and biophysical aspects), and how to im- a re-visioning exercise, the participants drafted plans on what plement restoration at scale; the area can look like in 10-15 years if it is properly managed. * Connect initiatives working in the same landscape, reA meeting is scheduled for January 2021, to discuss proper gion, or topic, to increase efficiency and impact; waste management and best practices of sawdust waste. The * Create links between ecosystem restoration opportu- agency met with the sawmill operators, as well as community nities and initiatives with businesses interested in building members earlier in the year and will continue to work with all a robust portfolio of sustainable production and impact parties to ensure restoration of the area. investment; and Reclamation of mined-out areas * Bring a broader spectrum of actors on board, especially Although it is deemed a crucial economic activity worldfrom sectors that are not traditionally involved, by demonstrat- wide, mining has a significant, negative impact on the environing the importance of ecosystem restoration to conservation as ment. Due to its nature, these extractive operations inevitably well as generation of social and economic benefits. lead to serious degradation on ecological and aesthetic values Restoring our planet’s imperilled ecosystems intrinsically of the landscape. It is therefore imperative that mining and connects us with a chance at a healthier future. restoration are conducted and completed continuously and progressively throughout the life of a mine. Moreover, extractive industries have an ethical and often legal obligation to return land to productivity.

Figure 1 Impacts of Gold Mining on Water Quality, Upper Mazaruni The agency, as a regulatory force, will continue to impose legal requirements for responsible mining practices and progressive mine reclamation from operators through its Environmental Authorisation process. Although, reclamation of post-mining landscapes can be challenging since it highly depends on the site-specific characteristics, it generally aims to achieve the following: * Return land disturbed by surface mining to an acceptable, predetermined, sustainable land use. * Physically stabilise disturbed soils to provide a secure substrate for revegetation. * Create an environment that allows for the establishment of valued features (e.g. planting of shrub species near wetland habitat, nesting structures for rare or endangered species) and special features identified in pre-mining assessment.

Impacts of Gold Mining in Upper Mazaruni, 2017 During the decade of ecosystem restoration, the agency in collaboration with stakeholders, especially the Guyana Geology and Mines Commission, conservation organisations, and mine operators, can further seek to operationalise additional reclamation projects across the mining districts within our country as piloted in Madhia.

You can share your ideas and questions by sending letters to: “Our Earth, Our Environment”, C/O Communications Department, Environmental Protection Agency, Ganges Street, Sophia, GEORGETOWN, or email us at: eit.epaguyana@gmail.com, follow us on Facebook and Instagram, and subscribe to our YouTube channel.

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Pivoting into ‘deep’ learning

SINCE the pandemic disrupted the education system in March for us here in Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, we were more or less forced to adopt a virtual approach to teaching and learning. The sudden shift and the inability to build competency and have the requisite infrastructure meant that the switch to virtual school was fraught with challenges. These are challenges we are still struggling to surmount.

At my university, our examinations and assessments became asynchronous. Some of my lecturers converted our courses to 100 percent coursework for assessment, which meant that my grades were calculated from continuous assignments and quizzes throughout the semester. For these courses, there was no final examination -- that extra pressure assessment that has the potential to determine whether you pass or fail a course.

The other courses that kept the final examinations offered a variety of assessment mechanisms -- whether giving a final assignment to be completed over at least two days or, an examination was made available online during a certain period and there was a fixed time to complete it.

In December, however, I had one of the stranger assessments I’ve ever had throughout my entire schooling experience. Strange, even in a pandemic internet school context. My lecturer asked us to complete an on-line management-type simulation. Here, we were tasked with immersing ourselves in a managerial role and navigating the various scenarios presented as we felt best. Though we were taught a myriad of theories and approaches throughout the semester, he asked

us not to revisit our notes before engaging in the simulation.

My lecturer’s focus, I gathered, was for us to just genuinely react to the scenarios.

In the managerial role, the employees in the simulation engaged me on various issues -- some understandable and some frustrating. My responses and solutions were what I perceived to be the best actions. Seems simple enough, right? Well, it was. The second part of this examination/ assessment (and this was the part that was graded, not the simulation) required each of us to look at the feedback offered on the decisions we made during the feedback and write a self-reflective essay.

For this essay, we were asked to use the feedback to assess how we could have improved our decisions (if any improvement was necessary) and then apply the theories and approaches we learnt during the semester to explain why improvements could be made to our decisions. We were also asked to reflect on similar circumstances (previous experiences) where we might have made a similar decision, as opposed to the optimal decision articulated in the feedback.

It was a strange assessment. It didn’t require me trying to remember concepts, theories, or approaches. But, it was this deep or immersive type of learning that helped me to understand whatever I was taught throughout the semester, instead of just regurgitating information garnered on a paper.

Unfamiliar ways of assessing learners have been a key feature of internet and zoom school since using physical classrooms is not necessarily the safest place to be for large groups

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of learners. Teachers have had to find ways of assessing, despite the circumstances presented. And, I don’t know if my lecturer would have been able to tap into his innovation and offer us such an assessment, had the pandemic not required some amount of pivoting. But, if for nothing else, I’m glad that he was able to conceptualise such an assignment and include our class in the pilot of it.

I believe this experience in the management course offered a glimpse of what is possible, once we stop clinging to the traditional methods of teaching and learning (memorising and regurgitating).

In an article published by the Atlantic, Ben Orlin, a math teacher in California posited that memorisation is not necessarily the best way of encouraging learning. And, an overreliance on memorisation, instead of encouraging deep thinking, reasoning, and an immersive way of learning may result in no real critical thinking or analysis.

I hardly remember any of the formulae I crammed into my head before now. My younger sister asked me for help with a Grade Five science question and Google had to help us both.

I don’t remember half of the old white men who articulated theories for courses I did a year ago. But, ask me about management approaches and I got you.

The pandemic has provided some leeway for us to examine how our education system is set up and perhaps, make changes that could have longer-lasting benefits.

If you would like to discuss this column or any of my previous writings, please feel free to contact me via email: vish14ragobeer@gmail.com

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THOUGHT

R TODAY Character canFO n o veloped in ease t be deOnly through ex and quiet. trial and suff inperience of g can the soul be strenger th en tion inspired, an ed, ambid success achieved.

HELEN KELLER

January 03, 2021 STUDY SUCCESS Dear Student, Welcome, dear friend.

Yes, there are two types of questions I would recommend you to ask yourself continuously. The first type

is about the topics in the subjects you are studying: do you know what it is that you should study to be a success at your examinations? The second type is about you: what you are doing and how your studying is proceeding. Both types of questions are of equal importance. Think about them seriously.

Happy New Year Love you.

WRITING IMPROVEMENT Learning to improve writing from a familiar passage We’re heading to our cottage on Scenic Lake.

A dull ache pounds in my head, and my stomach churns in rhythm with the motor. I stretch out comfortably halfway across the seat until I accidentally hit my sleeping sister, Tracy.

Just a few months ago we could hardly fit in this back seat: that’s when my brother, Drew, was here. He would take up half the seat alone. The pain stabs me, and the memories quickly flood back.

We’re diving for Drew’s waterproof wristwatch as we do every year.

Drew or I throw the watch as far as possible and the other person dives to find it. Since Drew is seventeen and I’m only fourteen, he holds an unfair advantage, but I never complain. This time it is my turn to throw it.

He has already beaten me three times today by thirty seconds each, so this particular time I secretly throw the watch behind me. Drew bobs up and down the dock, searching for a glint of silver in the hot summer sun.

“Come on, Ben! What’d you do with it?” he frustratedly whines. I foolishly grins back, pleased that I have finally outwitted him at something. Grabbing my arm, he strongly twists it into a horrible snake bite.

“Tell me, Ben, or you know what’s coming,” he whispers, checking for our parents. We glare at each other, flashing our ugliest poses. Finally, we break down laughing and I point happily toward the watch.

“You little….” Is all I hear before he sprints off the dock and pulls into a flawless dive.

(From Skendzel’s “Summer’s End”) You Need to Know the Story Let us use this not-sostrange passage today. You can still learn new things from it; and refresh old insights. Get a study partner or two to work along with you for lots of idea discussions.

1. Assess how the writer, Skendzel, prepares her reader in the first paragraph for the problem that is the basis of her story’s plot. Discuss how she does it.

2. In the second paragraph there are details that demonstrate Skendzel’s interest not only in actions and events but also in how actions and events affect her characters. See the details she uses in this excerpt from her story; see how she expresses them.

By Extension 3. This passage should teach you about character-creation and the need for careful demonstration of character-reaction to the confronting situation(s) of each.

[Remember your created character should be suitably geared to resolve the given problem.] The study group could also learn about what the character should glean from the situation experience.

4. Relax and recall a very interesting happening of which you know well. First write it down as you remember it. Then churn it into a short story appropriately enhanced with dialogue. Use the flash-back technique.

You have seen how Skendzel used it in the beginning of the story.

GRAMMAR Revision of Agreement of Subject and Verb Can you tell sentences from fragments, and then point out what is lacking in each fragment and go on to fix it? Is your answer yes? then work with a study partner to show mastery.

1. Once they are studying assiduously.

2. Such a development in not easy to achieve.

3. Unmitigated sorrow was scarcely detected by the society previously.

4. The language teacher likes each student to perfect his own writing style.

5. Insists upon curbing the inability to express self properly.

6. That is a jail break to remember.

7. Small, devious moves irritate right-thinking people.

The noun of amount as the subject of the verb A. When a noun of amount refers to a total that is considered one unit, it is singular. When it refers to a number of individual units, it is plural.

Singular usage: Sixty-eight thousand dollars a month is an excellent price for renting a semi-furnished one-bedroom apartment. (one amount) Plural usage: Sixty-eight thousand dollars are on the dining room table for you.

Take them. (made up of individual bills) Singular usage: Nine months is the average gestation period for human babies. (one unit of time) Plural usage: Nine months have gone by since that terrible fire up there in Kingston. (nine individual months) B.. Special nouns i) There are certain nouns that name viral diseases and subjects of study such as: mumps, rabies, herpes, measles, shingles; mathematics, economics, politics, athletics. These generally take singular verbs.

Singular: Shingles is a viral infection that causes a painful rash.

Singular: Insights, said the successful businessman, enhances the beauty of living. ii) There are certain other nouns that may be construed as singular or plural depending upon their usage and meaning. Such nouns are: scissors, pants, binoculars, pincers, pliers, eyeglasses; news, crisis, politics; trappings, fetters.

Singular: The crisis of the killings was resolved within six weeks of the entry of experts.

Singular: Binoculars are used to magnify objects so that they can be better seen from a distance; and looked at through both eyes.

Plural: The general’s politics are dirty to say the least. (more than one action of a political nature) Plural: The news about the pastor’s death was unbearable to the adoring congregation. (plural construed as singular) [To be continued]

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The other drug abuse WHENEVER we hear the term “drug abuse” we conceptualise the excessive use of alcohol, cocaine and marijuana. In reality, however, the problem significantly includes the misuse of antibiotics, analgesics, sedatives and even vitamin supplements. Of course, the difference between abuse and addiction is that it is far easier to get rid of drug abuse when compared with drug addiction.

Most of the common medications are easily available from the recalcitrant drug store owners and traders. Some doctors prescribe drugs for patients unnecessarily. Persons indiscriminately consume antibiotics in an attempt to treat themselves without being aware of the inherent dangers.

These acts can easily result in the patient developing tendency or potential for misuse.

Perhaps what can be viewed as even more dangerous is the fact that one (as well as the target agent), can become immune to the effects of many drugs. This phenomenon may require a change in the medication or higher doses than normal to achieve the desired result, Acute infections caused by a decayed tooth and characterised by facial swelling, pain, fever and inability to open the mouth properly, during the first few days of onset should be treated with penicillin G injections given twice daily. Oral antibiotics ( capsules and tablets ) are not adequate therapy for acute dental abscesses or facial cellulitis ( face severely swollen ) because most of these do not kill the bacteria but merely prevent them from multiplying.

Also, the strength of capsules and tablets becomes depleted after being metabolised by the liver. The recommended practice is to localise ( with heat packs ) and drain the abscess in conjunction with the penicillin injections since the antibiotic in the bloodstream alone could never penetrate to the core of the abscess and kill the bacteria there.

If the abscess is not drained the affected area remains “hard”, for some time due to fibrosis or worse the abscess could spread leading to septicaemia (blood infection). Erythromycin tablets may be used for low keyed conditions such as alveolitis (infections of the tooth socket) and infected oral or facial wounds.

For chronic infections such as “gum boils” or fistulas

(small openings which constantly ooze pus) treatment constitutes the removal of the cause rather than antibiotic therapy.

The cause invariably is a diseased tooth.

Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs often substitute each other. They act by inhibiting the production of the prostaglandin in which causes pain. Ibuprofen in doses of 400 mgs every eight hours is among the best for severe pain. Aspirin is still one of the widely used and dependable analgesics available for the relief of mild to moderate pain. However, because of its commonplace status within the home, many patients underestimate and

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psychologically mistrust each true effectiveness.

Codeine like morphine modifies the patient’s attitude to pain and has a marked ability to produce sedation plus almost unrealistic freedom from fear of the dental procedures. While this property appears ideal for the patient in severe pain about to visit the dentist, the fact is that codeine is ten times more dangerous than marijuana and should be avoided if necessary. Since all drugs have harmful effects, professional guidance should therefore be sought before using them.

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