GSAPP End of Year Show 2021 - Yu-Jun Yeh

IN VISION 2021 GSAPP MSAAD Yu-Jun Yeh

Table of Content

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NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan Decarbonization in city scale, creating green new jobs, and building a closer community in urban area through decentralizing the water infrastructure.

2020 Fall Advanced Studio Climate Design Corps: Architecture For Environmental Justice Instructor: David Benjamin Individual Project Honorable mention- Design for Sustainable Cities International student competition

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NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

Localized Social Water Infrastructure

Water Tank: NYC has up to 17,000 water tanks. Most of them made in wood. Can store up to 10,000 gallons of water.

Reuse

... ... ... .... .. ...

Open Aerobic Reactor*2~5: Bacteria will have completed nitrifying ammonia into nitrates.

Closed Aerobic Reactor: Creates a transition between the anaerobic and aerobic ecosystems

Event space; Community conference Community garden

Anoxic Reactor: Denitrificationremoval of nitrogen from wastewater.

Kensico Reservoir: Water from both aquaducts would be store here.

Hillview Reservoir: The reservoir close to the city.

NYC Daily Drinking Water Supply: 1 billion Gallon = 5,452 MtCO2e

New York City: Area 0.2million acres

Catskill-Delaware Water Ultraviolet Disinfection Facility: Opened on 2013. It is the largest ultraviolet germicidal irradiation plant in the world. contains 56 UV reactors, could treat 2,2 billion gallons per day.

Sewer System

Storm Drainage

Foodwaste collection

Water Softener: Reduce the amount or effects of minerals.

Reed Planted Bed

Solid waste

Permeable Pavement

Population: 8.4 Million

Septic Tank

Localized Water System: 1.4 billion Gallon =1,109 MtCO2e

Combined Sewer

Water Supply + Treatment

Catch Basin

Storm Drainage

Combined Sewer Overflow

Wastewater Treatment Plant: New York City’s 14 Wastewater Treatment Plants together treat 1.4 billion gallons of wastewater daily.

Treated water go to river

Conventional Water Supply System

1,109 MtCO2e (Daily) Treatment Capacity: 1.4 Billion Gallons per Day

74 million gallons of untreated water overflows into NYC harbor daily

System

Bioswale

Social Infrastructure

Catskill Aqueduct: Provide approximately 40% of NYC total water supply from the East Catskill Mountains. completed in 1916

Faucet: NYC spend approximately 102.4 million Gallons/Day on faucets.

Laundry: NYC spend approximately 129 million Gallons/Day on laundries.

Anaerobic Reactor

NYC Water Infrastructure Diagram

Shower: NYC spend approximately 98.9 million Gallons/Day on showers.

Down Spout

Community Library

Living Machine + Reuse Hub

Rental space; Office/NGO/Studio...

Clarifier: Allows remaining solids to separate from the treated wastewater.

Delaware Aqueduct: Provide approximately 50% of NYC total water supply from the West Catskill Mountains. completed in 1945.

Toilet: NYC spend approximately 159.1 million Gallons/Day on toilets.

Constructed Wetland: Can effectively remove many pollutants associated with municipal and industrial wastewater and stormwater.

Playground

New York City: Water System& Carbon Emission

?

Sewer Regulation

NYC Daily Waste Water Treatment: 1.4 billion Gallon = 72,329 MtCO2e

Building: 68%

Daily Carbon Emission: Water Sector 77,781 MtCO2e

Conventional Wastewater Treatment

77,781 MtCO2e (Daily)

Treatment Capacity: 1.4 Billion Gallons per Day

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Water: 16%

- The Issue This project aims to tackle two problems of the NYC water system, the combined sewage overflow and the daily 77,781 MtCO2e carbon emission produced by the water system.

Today in NYC, whenever we open our tap, we launch a system over 145 miles long, which is about the length of 11 Manhattan. The amount of carbon emission caused by this system requires 1/5 of United States total forest to absorb. We lost the sense of connection with this huge cycle, and we are unable to aware of our own cause.

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

Wastewater treatment goal: Wastewater treatment goal: Wastewater treatment goal: 1.4 billion gpd 1.4 billion gpd 1.4 billion gpd *Initial cost: $11.5 billion dollars

WastewaterWastewater treatment goal: treatment goal: 1.4 billion gpd 1.4 billion gpd billion dollars *Initial cost: $11.5*Initial cost: $11.5 billion dollars

Conventional Treatment Plan: Decentralized Treatment Plan: Conventional Treatment Plan: 16,000 Decentralized Wastewater treatment plants 14 Wastewater Treatment Plants

Decentralized Decentralized Treatment Plan: Treatment Plan:

16,000 Decentralized 16,000 Wastewater Decentralized treatment Wastewater plants treatment plants 14 Wastewater Treatment Plants Annual Operation&Maintenance (Remain the$1.55 same)billion Annual $1.55Operation&Maintenance billion Annual Operation&Maintenance (Remain the same) (Remain the same) $1.55 billion$1.55 Annualbillion Maintenance 17,900+ Jobs 17,900+ Jobs 17,900+ Jobs $1.55 billion Annual Maintenance 1,900 employees < 0.4 Million MtCO2e Annual Carbon emission < 0.4 Million MtCO2e < 0.4 Million Annual Carbon MtCO2eemission Annual Carbon emission 1,900 employees 26.4 Million MtCO2e Annual Carbon emission 560 tons/day sludge 560 tons/day sludge 560 tons/day sludge 26.4 Million MtCO2e Annual Carbon emissionsludge 1400 tons/day +1 billion gpd nonpotable water +1 billion gpd nonpotable +1 billion water gpd nonpotable water 1400 tons/day sludge Data Resource: The Living Machine (R) Wastewater Treatment Technology : Data Resource: The Living Machine Data Resource: (R) Wastewater The Living Treatment Machine Technology (R) Wastewater : Treatment Technology : An Evaluation of Performance and System Cost (2001) Data Resource: NYC Environmental Protection (2020)

An Evaluation of Performance An andEvaluation System Cost of Performance (2001) and System Cost (2001)

Data Resource: NYC Environmental Protection (2020)

- Proposal Decentralized Treatment Plan

Instead of making the combined sewage not combined, the proposal is to treat the water locally. Each block would treat their own water.

The localized infrastructure plan is possible to create 18,000 more job opportunities and reduce 98% carbon emission, while at the same time produce over 90% reusable water resources if the plan is fully applied.

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NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

The Living Machine Workflow 00. PLANT

ED BED

ABOVE GR

OUND

1. SEPTIC

2. ANOXIC

TANK x4

TANK x2

3. CLOSED

AEROBIC x2

4. OPEN A

EROBIC x10

UNDER G

ROUND

- The Living Machine -

5. CLARIF

1.

reduce the concentrations of BOD5 and solids in the wastewater.

2.

to encourage denitrifying microorganisms.

3.

reduce BOD, remove more gases and stimulate nitrification.

4.

reduce the concentrations of BOD5 and solids in the wastewater.

Long Root Plants Living Maching Explain

IER x2

5.

6. EFB x6

6.

allows remaining solids to separate from the treated wastewater.

Ecological Fluid Bed- reduce BOD, TSS and nutrients.

Common Salvinia

Azolla

Floating Plants

Frogbit

Daffodil

Water Lettuce alligator flag

swamp lily

Water Hyacinth Duckweed

Rooted Water Hyacinth

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The wastewater treatment model in this project is the living machine. The living machine is a form of ecological sewage treatment plant, that mimic the processes of tidal wetlands to naturally treat wastewater.

Compare with the conventional model, living machine requires less operating energy and produces lot less carbon emission.

However, in order to provide enough sun light for the eco system to thrive in living machine, it is a model that requires a lot more area to treat the same amount of water.

The public space is no longer enough, therefore the rescaling plan must seek for collaboration with local landowners.

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

ONE NYC

[

Water system Social Infrastructure

] Rescaling Plan

Green New Deal

Input ; Participants Block Land Owner

Community: Owner + Residents

DEP&Community Local Construction Workers

Architects Child care/ Local Construction Rental Office/ Workers NGOs....

Gardening/ Cinema/ Library....

Typical Block

0% Water Reuse Local Law 97: Residential Building

Green New Block ▼✓Ⓑ☻ ♺✱✶↺☻

Acquire Lands (Rear Yard)

+20% Floor Area 10% for rent; 10% for common use

Establish Community Management Group

+10 Long-Term Jobs Community Space Maintance

Living Machine Construction

+20 Temporary Jobs -100% Wastewater +90% Reuse Water -40% Sludge

Rental Space & Common Space Construction

Bussiness Stationed

Community Activity & Regular Conference

+Additional Income Management Group Wage; Space Maintance fee

+50 Temporary Jobs

90% Water Reuse

Neighborhood Connection

Output; Benefits

Rescaling Plan

1/5 Area: Water Infrastructure

From Seperation...

... To Cooperation.

4/5 Area: Social Infrastructure

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- The Rescaling Plan The rescaling plan is a government leading project that encourages the citizens to upgrade their own block to avoid the penalty from the more stringent Local Law 97. The plan is also a bottom-up approach that opens for the landowners to actively participate in.

The process would start with the current residents establishing the community management group to run the 20% incentive floor area provided by the infrastructure reframing plan.

10% floor area should be run as communal spaces that can include library, auditorium, and other community-based programs; the other 10% floor area is open for rent in order to provide additional income for the new rear yard.

The rescaling plan is able to create more jobs, cut the emission, and to support people with clean and stable water source.

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

Daily Carbon Emission cause by household water = 4.5 MtCO2e Takes 2153.5 acres of US forest a day to absorb.

- Site -

Site

Population: 1300 Daily water usage: = 73,970 gallon

Rear Yard Area: 4,321 m2 Water System Required Area: 725 m2 Incentive Floor Area: 432 + 432 = 864 m2

The site I choose is a typical residential block locate in Central Harlem. The population is 1300 and the rear yard floor area is 4300m2.

The amount of water usage is 80,000gpd and the living machine area requirements is 725m2.

The new rear yard would use 1/5 of the area as water infrastructure and 4/5 as social infrastructure.

- Site Central Harlem_ Adam Clayton Powell Jr -Malcolm X, W119-120 Street 8

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

1 Programs Water+Social

Rear Yard Total Area: 4321 m2

Incentive: 10% Rental space, 10% Social Infrastructure

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1

2

1

1

Water System & Program Diagram

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4

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1 1

2

3.

1 Child Care

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Reeds planted bed

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Share Office

Multi-Function 260 m2

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Community Library

1 Market Space

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Playground

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Event Space/ Cinema

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Community Conference

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Community Classroom

Exhibition Space

Greenery 2000 m2 1 Community Garden

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0.

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5.

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Localized Sewage Flow

Living machine

Social Infrastructiure 324+390 m2

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0.

1

2 3

Localized Water System

Rental Space 420 m2

Water Infrastructiure 725 m2

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2.

4.

3.

Reeds planted bed various size

0.

5.

Clarifier (6600 gallons) d=3.6m, h=2.6m

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EFB (10300 gallons) d=4.5m, h=2.5m

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Water Storage Tank 40,000 gallons

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1.

2.

Septic tanks (2000 gallons) 2.5m*3m*2.5m

Anoxic tanks (6600 gallons) d=3.6m, h=2.6m

The New Rear Yard 3. Closed Aerobic (14900 gallons) d=5.6m, h=2.2m

4. Open Aerobic (14900 gallons) d=5.6m, h=2.2m

System Diagram 9

- Program The new rear yard would house communal spaces like the library, playground, auditorium, conference space and so on.

The rental space is a source of additional incomes for the community group and can provide space for child care center or sharing office or studio.

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

- The Rescaling Plan -

Birdeye Perspective

The new rear yard is not just a water treatment plant, but also a communal space for people to build connection. In this model, 98% of carbon emission from water sector is cut off, and the water reuse rate is over 90%.

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Long Section

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

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Perspectives

NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

- Community conference -

- Sunken auditorium -

Become the new center for community to held conference discuss about common issue.

Serve as both communal space and infrastructure maintenance room.

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NYC Water & Social Infrastructure Rescaling Plan

Carbon Emission

Reduce 4.38 MtCO2e Daily = 98% emission from water sector

Job Create

Living Machine Maintance: 1.5 (DEP) Community Corps: 10 (Self-sufficient)

Spending Cut Down

Water usage cut down: 72,000 gpd Reduce water rate: $44,665 per block/month

Incentive Floor Area

Additional Income

Rental office/ Childcare space: $31,500/month Event Space rent: $25,000 $35,000/month

Short Section

Water Cycle Length: 145 mile 0.2 mile

Rear Yard Area: 4321.5 m2 Incentive Floor Area: 4321.5 * 20% = 864.3 m2

Open Aerobic Tank Playground

Library

+40 cm

1.

Elevate basement floor to hijack the flow.

2.

A gental slope that guide the rain water to the swale.

3.

Pink pipes indicates the black water flow to the septic tank.

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4.

Reuseable water sourse being delivered back to the house.

Re-occupy the Street Tackle the New York City vacancy crisis through the virtual occupation of Jackson Heights, Queens.

2021 Spring Advanced Studio The Street Studio Instructor: Jing Liu Group Project Partner: Taylor Urbshott, Chen Yang

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Video- Part 1.

Screenshots

Part 1. A Neighborhood of Turnover

Located in Northwestern Queens, Jackson Heights exists as one of the most diverse neighborhoods on the planet.

167 documented languages are spoken by just over 100,000 residents.

63% of whom were born outside of the United States

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Video- Part 2.

Screenshots

Part 2. Capturing Character

… the round doorknobs, the shower stall, the steam radiator.

Car horns blare the long, sustained, atonal, and frustrated wails of small, tense men.

Dasho! Dasho! The Americans are hungry!.

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Video- Part 3.

Screenshots

Part 3. A Virtual Space for Cultural Collaboration

And by accessing this virtual platform, people are empowered to create assets and occupy the virtual street.

Comments, likes and creations make the virtual street a place to interact with others.

The virtual platform could be a tool for proposals of altering the real street, which might inspire people to improve the public space in real life.

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Video- Part 4.

Screenshots

Part 4. A Platform for Community-Centered Occupation

A vacancy occupying competition that will run on this virtual platform.

The landlords can lease their property with market price to a well credit organization, and the community members benefit from having their desired proposal; Start-ups and institutions get a chance to realize their program, and financial supporters get a grounded system they can easily track the grant usage and see the effect.

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The Artificial Wildness Visioning a piece of wildness inside the heart of New York City.

2021 Summer Advanced Studio Go Wild Studio Instructor: Michael Loverich, Antonio Torres Individual Project

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Process

Artificial Wildness

From

To 2D Drawing

3D Sculpture

Eco-system

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Eco-system in NYC

The Artificial Wildness Week 2.

2D Drawing to 3D Modeling

Week 1.

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Week 3.

Animation Screenshots

2D Frame + 3D Content

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Plan, Section, Ecology Diagram Becoming Eco-system

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Plan, Section

Wild + Architecture

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System Diagram

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Rendering

Day Night

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Breaking the Moduler Mold Visioning a piece of wildness inside the heart of New York City.

2020 Fall Building Technology Generative Design Instructor: Ganil Nagy Group Project Partners: Liang-Yu Lin, Lihan Jin, and Zeid Ghawi.

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Diagram, Optimization Chart, 3D model

Optimization: The Calculation of the Best Fascade

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Vidi, Veni A VR puzzle game playing with visibility/ revealing.

2021 Spring Visual Studies Virtual Architecture: World Building and Virtual Reality Workshop Instructor: Nitzan Bortav Individual Project

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Title

Player Movement

Type of drawing

Game Core Loop

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