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WhAT Do WE MEAn BY LAnDSCApES?
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What causes changes in landscapes?
1 Look, listen and read.
A landscape is a large area of land.
Landscapes change over time. There are two causes:
Natural changes: caused by nature
Earthquakes
Artificial changes: caused by people Infrastructures a) Landscapes never change. b) When we cultivate the land, the landscape changes. c) People change the landscape by causing volcanic eruptions.
2 Say if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.
3 Are these changes natural or artificial?
It is caused by an earthquake.
4 Look, listen and read.
Classification of landscapes
Looking at its elements
Natural landscape
Artificial landscape
Depending on their proximity to a sea or an ocean
Inland landscape mountains plains
Coastal landscape cliffed coast flat coast a) Make a list of the natural and artificial elements. b) How does the construction affect the area’s fauna and flora?
5 How do we know if a landscape is natural or artificial? Explain it to a classmate.
Some artificial landscapes have got buildings.
6 Look at the picture and answer.
Natural landscapes haven’t got bridges.
In ‘I’ll tell you in a moment’ at anayaeducacion.es you can find a summary of the studied elements.
NOW I KNOW…
Landscapes changes depend on natural and human factors.
WhAT ArE ThE LAnDSCApES ThAT ArE FAr AWAY FroM ThE SEA LIKE?
Inland landscapes THINK
Do you know the name of any mountain range or peak around you?
1 Look, listen and read.
Inland landscapes consist of mountains and plains. We can find these landforms in mountain and plain landscapes:
Mountain High elevation of land. It has got three parts:
Mountain range Set of mountains. Mountain chain Set of mountain ranges.
Hill
Elevated terrain. It has got a rounded shape.
Valley
Flat terrain between mountains. It normally has got a river.
2 Match the names of the landforms to the numbers in the pictures.
It is a river basin. 3
What landforms can you identify in these pictures? Explain it to your classmate.
It is lower than the terrain around it.
To better understand landforms, watch the video of a balloon ride at anayaeducacion.es.
Area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.
1 Make a landscape. Use different recycling materials for the landforms. Then, show and explain it to your classmates.
• Step 1. Choose a landscape.
• Step 2. Think of all the elements you have to include and draw it.
• Step 3. Use recicled materials to build your landscape in 3D!
NOW I KNOW…
Materials
• Glue
• Scissors
• Old newspapers
• Plastic bottles
• Cardboard
Inland relief is always present in interior zones of the continents, above the sea.
WhAT ArE ThE LAnDSCApES ThAT ArE CLoSE To ThE SEA LIKE?
Coastal landscapes THINK
Do you like going to the beach? Why are there different types of coastal landscapes?
1 Look, listen and read. Relief is the set of different landforms. We can find these landforms in coastal landscapes:
Cape Part of land that goes into the sea.
Gulf Part of the sea that extends into the land.
Bay
Similar to a gulf but smaller.
2
Choose a coastal landscape landform. Describe it to a classmate and guess.
Peninsula Land surrounded by water on all sides except one.
Archipelago
A set of islands that are close together.
Island peninsula archipelago river basin gulf mountain range plateau hill valley bay cape
Land surrounded by water on all sides.
Is it an island?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
3 Draw an archipelago. Invent the names of the islands and write them down.
4 Classify these landscapes as coastal or inland.
Coastal landscape
5 What are the differences between inland landscapes and coastal landscapes? Which do you like more? Talk to a classmate.
Inland landscape
You can’t see the sea in inland landscapes.
My favourite landscapes are inland landscapes.
6 Look at the following pictures and answer the questions.
a) Can you see the see in picture A? What does it tell you about the landscape?
b) What landforms can you recognise in picture B?
c) What type of landscape does each picture belong to? Why?
W h AT IS MY E n VI ron ME n T LIKE?
1 Find information about your locality and complete the sentences to answer the questions.
a) Do you live in an inland or coastal landscape?
I live in ••• landscape.
b) What species of animals live there?
Where I live there are different animals: ••• c) What species of plants can you see?
Where I live there are different plants: ••• d) What can you do to protect that landscape?
To protect it, I can •••
NOW I KNOW… a) What are the mountain systems outside the Meseta? b) Between which mountain systems are the Depresión del Ebro and the Depresión del Guadalquivir? c) What mountain chain borders the Meseta? d) The Sistema Central divides the Meseta in two parts. What are they called? a) They separate Spain from France. (IPIORESN). b) River basin to the north of the Meseta. (PÓIDSENRE LDE OBER). c) Mountainous system that borders the Meseta to the south. (ERRASI NAREMO).
We can find landforms like capes, bays, islands and gulfs in coastal landscapes.
WhAT ArE SpAIn’S InLAnD LAnDSCApES LIKE?
Where is the highest peak inside the Peninsula? And outside the Peninsula? Say the names.
The Meseta Most of Spain’s territory is on the Iberian Peninsula. The Meseta Central occupies most of the Iberian Peninsula. The Sistema Central divides the Meseta into two: the Submeseta Norte and the Submeseta Sur. Within the Meseta, there are also the Montes de Toledo. Systems bordering the Meseta Bordering the Meseta you can find the Montes de León, the Cordillera Cantábrica (mountain chain), the Sistema Ibérico and Sierra Morena.
2 Look at the map and answer.
3 Read the defintion and order the letters. What landforms are they refering to?
River basins
Outside the Meseta are Depresión del Ebro and Depresión del Guadalquivir.
E n JoY WIT ho UT DAMA g I ng
Do you know the ski resort in Sierra Nevada? Have you visited it?
It is a clear example of a natural area where people have change the environment.
