SHOWCASE 3
The University of Tennessee
Cherokee Farm
Campus master plan and development guidelines deliver highly respectful and sustainable solutions Imagine this pastoral setting: swaths of green along a riverside, mature trees, gently sloping hills...and cutting-edge scientific research. Building on only 77 of 200 acres, GS&P’s master plan for the University of Tennessee’s new Cherokee Farm campus left copious green space while including large quads, a nature preserve, a greenway connecting back to the City of Knoxville, and a 46-acre archaeological site. The results are a science and technology campus that is itself a research project and a campus connected not only to its own environment but also to the life of the city.
The University of Tennessee Cherok ee Farm Campus Master Plan & Developm ent Guidelines I N T E RVI E W /
C rai g Par k er , J ohn H o u g hton , W oo d y J ones , Pa u l S tee l e
How did you come to this project?
Craig: Initially, the University of Tennessee tasked us to simply provide an infrastructure design for the site that would support a state-of-the-art research campus. However, as we got into the data collection and investigation phases, it became evident that a master plan was needed. John: The focus was on building a stateof-the-art science and technology research campus, and Dr. David Millhorn, the Executive Vice President for Research for the University of Tennessee, was adamant that this development attract global attention and contribute to the state’s future economic development. Craig: One of the things often stated during these meetings with the vice president was the campus itself would be a research project. In addition to the future tenants being involved in world-class research, the campus itself would be researched. Based on the master plan, is the project positioned to meet those goals?
John: In terms of the final master plan, yes. There’s a heavy emphasis on developing
the site as a pedestrian-friendly environment with well-defined public spaces and strong connections to the city, downtown Knoxville and the UT Knoxville campus. The master plan and development guidelines also establish a basic framework that can respond to future needs and building technologies. Together, the well-defined public spaces, connections and flexible framework should result in a dynamic campus. What are some of the focuses of the design guidelines?
aesthetic standpoint and a sustainable design standpoint. We oriented the buildings east-west to maximize solar orientation. We also looked for opportunities to implement additional sustainable design solutions: photovoltaic panels or arrays on top of parking garages; geothermal fields that could be located in the quads between buildings or on surface parking lots adjacent to the building; and stormwater systems that could mimic natural stormwater patterns rather than just using a system of pipes.
Woody: We did a fair amount of research picking through different LEED sources and other sustainable guidelines and discovering how to approach sustainable master planning as well as how to regulate these principles throughout the campus. We were able to mandate some of these things to the future tenants.
Woody: Our goal was to do a great deal of sustainability in a variety of ways. Sustainability was used in the planning as well as with regard to pedestrians, infrastructure, buildings and materials. The breadth of what they’ve undertaken here really will set this campus apart.
John: One of the guiding themes of the whole master planning process was flexibility in terms of having the entire campus as an ongoing research project itself. So the design guidelines were really about setting some basic standards and policies that would guide the campus’ future development, both from an
Craig: It was important to preserve the steep slopes that have a tremendous amount of mature trees, so the entire site morphed around keeping that area intact. That’s where we came up with the quad concept, to keep the green spaces between the buildings, which mimicked the larger open space that we wanted to preserve. It
Judges' comments
Respectful solution to site and users showcase 3
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The development guidelines promote the use of green roofs, stormwater planters and bioswales, recycled materials, daylighting and photovoltaic systems. The orientation of the buildings supports passive and active solar collection, and the quads and surface parking lots can serve as geothermal fields.
Streets are cross-sloped to collect stormwater on the downhill side and direct it to bioswales that border each quad.
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Downtown UT Knoxville
Cherokee Farm
UT Medical Center
Cherokee Trail
The 200-acre property is located on a bend in the Tennessee River and lies southwest of the flagship Knoxville campus and downtown Knoxville. Because of its favorable location along the river, the property includes rich archaeological deposits of major Native American settlements dating from more than 10,000 years ago.
Preserving the site’s natural and cultural resources was an important focus of the master planning process. These resources include the site’s relationship to the river, the mature trees and rolling topography.
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was also very intentional that the parking is along the highway. We actually want people to walk to their cars and get exercise. We also designated the parking area as a solar panel collector, aligning solar panels on top of the decks. Another important focus was to orient the view toward the river; however, we had to keep in mind the views from across the river back toward the campus. The residents in the area looking across the river to the campus were nervous we were designing a concrete jungle. Once they saw the drawings, they realized the University was going to do it the right way, and they embraced it. Is preserving the view why the buildings are scaled from five stories down to three as they approach the river?
Craig: Somewhat. It also helps work with the site, so that the buildings aren’t overwhelming, and you have clear sight lines from the higher buildings over the lower buildings out across the river. We definitely tried to keep parking under buildings, where feasible, to preserve as much green space as possible.
You’re keeping a lot of green space by only building on 77 of 200 acres.
Describe how the layout of the campus is structured around replicable quads.
John: That is sort of a happy accident. There is an archaeologically significant area along the river. About 45 of the 200 acres covered major Native American settlements dating back 10,000 years.
John: In good campus planning, particularly when you’re starting with a new campus, you establish modules that can be replicated over time, thereby creating a whole greater than the sum of its parts when it’s completed. Establishing the different quads gave the University some flexibility without feeling restricted regarding future development.
Paul: The archaeological site actually doesn’t really stop at the river or the riverbank. Obviously, it was there long before the lake was impounded. The City of Knoxville designed a greenway on top of the archaeological zone along the riverbank and has been granted an easement over the site. And the greenway is another way of tying the campus in with the city.
Paul: Yes. There is access across the Alcoa Highway Bridge from the city of Knoxville and UT campus side to our site, and that will be extended. The greenway representatives have told us the plan is to expand the greenway all the way to the Smoky Mountains. It may be many years before that actually happens, but that’s the plan. It’s definitely an asset to have this site connect to the greenway.
They were able to pick one site within a quad and essentially begin establishing that module and development pattern. The basic idea was to have two buildings down each side of the quad and one at the top of the hill, with the parking lot to the outside of the quad so that, again, the pedestrian environment and experience would be primary. Ultimately, this also allows the quad and parking lot to be converted to geothermal fields. With the major parking structures concentrated along the highway, the quads, with a very pedestrian-oriented street that bisects them, are encouraging a collegial environment. The University is very interested in having interaction among
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Creates fantastic social spaces g resha m, s mith an d partners
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many of the future tenants, both private and public, so we worked to establish spaces for them.
The campus plan is valuable for the University, but also for the city of Knoxville. What are you most encouraged by?
There is an Interpretive Center at the edge of the Archaeological Zone. What’s that?
Craig: The University has laid enticing groundwork for an attractive destination. For a cutting-edge research firm, what better destination to do your work than a campus that is based on sustainable and unique solutions? Hopefully, they have the right tenants beating down their door to get on this campus and to start doing research that will change the way we live for the better.
John: The master planning process was a total team effort between the University and the consultants. Early in the process, Don Graham and Dr. Boyce Driskell, both with the University, met with Craig to discuss the opportunity for an interpretive center. Craig: The concept was similar to what you find at many significant archaeological or cultural resource areas — an area where the public can read about the history and prehistory of the site as well as view artifacts, maps, and the results of the University’s investigation and research on the site. Because of its location and accessibility to the greenway, we hope future developers will tie back to some of the interpretive signage at the different overlooks and wide places in the greenway. Dr. Boyce Driskell with the Department of Anthropology and the Archaeological Research Lab has indicated that this site will be an outdoor classroom for the University. Certainly, the faculty at the University are very excited about the potential for this interpretive center and its related amenities. John: It’s also a place for the research taking place at the campus to gain publicity, so you could have both the archaeological history and new research being widely known.
Paul: It’s a very high-profile location. It’s a project that is going to be noted from all directions. This is one of the two major entrances into Knoxville from the south, and it’s a gigantic site that people are going to notice. The design of the site is sustainable in an uncommon manner. This is particularly true in stormwater management where stormwater is routed through bioswales and infiltration trenches. To see such a high-profile site strive for these types of sustainable solutions brings greater attention to sustainable practices in general. John: In terms of the city of Knoxville, one of the themes is that this is one of the few remaining large tracts of land near downtown. To establish the basic framework for the development of the property in such a sustainable manner and in a way that supports world-class research, I feel, showed great forward-thinking on the part of the University. It has a clear vision and a program to follow while adding a tremendous asset to the city.
Craig: Yes, a place for people to learn about the past and the future together.
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H
B way Alcoa High
A
C C
C
C
E
D
C E
E
E
Golf Practice Facility
F E
F E
G Archaeological Zone er e Riv e s nes Ten
A
Proposed Partial Interchange
B
Improved Full Interchange
C
Garages
D
Hotel Conference Center
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Quads
F
Preserve
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Interpretive Center
H
Greenway
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The University of Tennessee, Division of Facilities Planning Knoxville, Tennessee Campus Master Planning
TEAM P rincipa l - in - char g e
Bill Moore, P.E.
P roject Mana g er
Craig Parker, P.E.
P roject P ro f essiona l
John Houghton, AICP
P roject coor d inator
Paul Steele
P roject d esi g ner
Steve Johnson, AIA David “Woody� Gregory Jones, AIA, LEED AP
www.gspnet.com ARCHITECTURE
ENGINEERING
INTERIORS
PLANNING
Gresham, Smith and Partners provides design and consulting solutions for the built environment that contribute to the success of national and international clients. For more than 40 years, GS&P has focused on enhancing quality of life and sustainability within communities. GS&P consists of industry-leading professionals practicing architecture and engineering design as well as scientists and highly specialized planning and strategic consultants in Aviation, Corporate and Urban Design, Environmental Compliance, Healthcare, Industrial, Land Planning, Transportation and Water Services. GS&P consistently ranks among the top architecture and engineering firms in the United States. For more information regarding GS&P, visit www.gspnet.com.