THE EMPLOYMENT ODYSSEY: A VIEW FROM THE CLIFF
PRESENTED BY STEPHANIE MACKAY, CHIEF INNOVATION OFFICER, COLUMBUS
MILLENIALS—THE POST-ADA GENERATION • 1975 Education for all Handicapped Children Act (Public Law 94-142) changed the integration of children into education, the building block for a future • 1990 American with Disabilities Act guaranteed equal access for individuals with disabilities • 2004 IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) updated original Public Law 94142)
DISABILITY STATISTICS • 1 in 5 individuals in the general population has a disability • 1 in 10 families is impacted by developmental disabilities • 1 in 11 adults ages 16-64 is not in the workforce
LABOR STATISTICS 2014-15 Labor rate participation rate ages 16-64 (either employed or looking for employment (www.dol.gov/odep/): •
68.3% participation rate by adults without disabilities
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19.2% participation rate of adults with disabilities
Unemployment rate: •
4.5% unemployment for adults without disabilities
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12.1% unemployment for adults with disabilities
Not counted in the labor force: •
10,000,000 with disabilities who aren’t counted
3 generations after 94-142 and ADA, true unemployment rate is 65-90% depending on disability
FEDERAL REGULATIONS THAT PROTECT, FUND, BEFUDDLE FEDERAL AGENCY
SERVICES
Department of Justice
ADA (10 Federal agencies ensure compliance)
Public Education
Special Education, Vocational Rehabilitation, Ticket to Work, Pathways to Careers
Department of Labor
14C wage protection; FMLA
Health and Human Services
Medicaid funding for IDD support
Dept. Agriculture
SNAP, EBT, WIC
HUD
Section 8 Housing
Social Security Administration
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Transportation
Public transportation
Executive Branch
President’s Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities, WIOA, Section 503
FEDERAL TO FAMILY Federal funding, statutes, rules, compliance State match, distribution, compliance, case management Local distribution through counties and municipalities Services provided through school districts, social services agencies, nonprofits Families receive services and supplement based on need, income, etc.
THE LIFECYCLE OF A FAMILY WITHOUT A DISABILITY Family & Child
Public Education (ages 6-18)
Acquisition of Family Income and TaxSupported Services Employment = Paycheck, benefits, taxes, continuing education
THE LIFECYCLE OF A FAMILY WITH A DISABILITY Family & Child
Redistribution of Family Resources for Caregiving
Public Education (ages 6-22) Government Entitlements & Social Services
LIFE FROM 0 TO 22 Ages 18-22
Ages 0-5 Socialization through family Medical care Childhood development Pre-school
Ages 6-17 Socialization through family and peers Medical care Childhood development Public education
Socialization with peers Medical care Post-secondary education Employment
THE CLIFF Ages 23+ Ages 0-5 Diagnosis Medical intervention Behavior intervention Family support Case management Caregiving Insurance
Ages 6-22 IDEA/IEPs Medical care/behavior intervention IDD support services VR support services SSDI and/or SSI Insurance/Medicaid Guardianship Special needs trusts Family finances Sibling relationships Caregiving costs Case management FMLA
Independent living dependent on family circumstances Safety net through entitlements Preparation for employment through limited resources
A FAMILY THAT FACED THE CLIFF
See their stories at: https://www.youtube.com/user/columbuscommunity
CAN WE LEVERAGE INNOVATION? Family with a disability
Government entitlements & social services
Family without a disability
Employment = Paycheck, benefits, taxes, continuing education
Can we find innovation in this space?
LEVERAGING INNOVATION IN UTAH TO SHIFT THE PARADIGM •
Nearly 0% unemployment in Utah and business leaders need to tap into an emerging labor force
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2% of population with ASD
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Government leaders want to respond to the need
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State funding agencies are talking to each other and service providers
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Social Impact Investing is being operationalized
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Social Impact Bonds are shifting funding paradigms
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Activist parents are being heard and taking action
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Conservative state with entrepreneurial business climate (e.g. “Silicone Slopes”)
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University research and resources in cross disciplines
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Co-location of services geographically
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A strong ethic of service operationalized at all levels of society
FOCUS ON SUSTAINABLE, INNOVATIVE, TRANSFORMATIVE SOLUTIONS Nonprofits
Government
Employers
Family Funding sources
Research
Education