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CITY OF GLENDALE DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN 2022

Table of Contents

Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction and Overview ............................................................................................................. 4 Section 1. Key Definitions and Drought Concepts .......................................................................... 5 Section 2. Glendale’s Water Resources and Water Service Area ................................................... 7 Section 3. Water Supply Shortage Scenarios ................................................................................ 11 Section 4. Drought Stages and Implementation ........................................................................... 13 Stage 0 – Normal ....................................................................................................................... 14 Stage 1 – Drought Watch .......................................................................................................... 15 Stage 2 – Drought Alert ............................................................................................................. 15 Stage 3 – Drought Declaration .................................................................................................. 15 Stage 4 – Drought Emergency ................................................................................................... 16 Section 5. Best Management Practices ........................................................................................ 19 Appendix A. Water Reduction Measures...................................................................................... 26 City Operations .......................................................................................................................... 26 Residential and Non-Residential ............................................................................................... 27 Appendix B. Drought Management Ordinance ............................................................................ 28 Appendix C. Drought Management Fines ..................................................................................... 30

ABBREVIATION ADWR

Arizona Department of Water Resources

Acre-feet

AMA

Active Management Area

AMWUA

Arizona Municipal Water Users Association

AWBA

Arizona Water Banking Authority

BMP

Best Management Practices

CAP

Central Arizona Project

CSL

Conservation and Sustainable Living Division, City of Glendale

DAWS

Designation of Assured Water Supply

DCP

Drought Contingency Plan

DMP

Drought Management Plan, City of Glendale

GPCD

Gallons Per Capita Per Day

M&I

Municipal & Industrial

NIA

Non-Indian Agriculture

SRP

Salt River Project

USBR

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

WMAT

White Mountain Apache Tribe

WVWA

West Valley Water Association

INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW The City of Glendale has been delivering safe, reliable, high-quality water and wastewater services to the community for over 100 years. Since the early 2000’s, Arizona and much of the southwestern United States have experienced various levels of drought. A major challenge facing municipal water providers in Arizona, including Glendale, is the possibility of water shortages caused by the prolonged drought. Glendale has prepared for drought by developing a diverse water supply, investing in infrastructure, operating an effective water conservation program, and creating an adaptable Drought Management Plan (DMP). The City’s DMP ensures that best management practices are in place to minimize the negative impacts of both short and long-term water supply shortages resulting from droughts. These best management practices are intended to provide a framework for curtailing water use while maintaining the flexibility to respond to different water supply shortage situations. The City’s DMP is based on five fundamental principles: 1. Provide adequate water that will protect the safety, health, and welfare of the public. 2. Minimize the disruption of normal residential and non-residential activities. 3. Maintain public trust through effective communication. 4. Provide a balanced and equitable plan, in which all water customers share the hardships and responsibilities in proportion to the amount of water used and the magnitude of the water shortage. 5. Provide a comprehensive plan that is effective and flexible. The DMP is mandated by Arizona Revised Statute §45-342 requiring Community Water Systems to have a drought preparedness plan that has, “response stages providing for the implementation of measures in response to reduction in available water supply due to drought or infrastructure failure.” The DMP is in Chapter 33 of Glendale City Code, Sections 33-81 through 33-85. Under City Code, the City Manager is authorized to implement the plan, conduct necessary public outreach, and take enforcement actions to minimize the impact of the drought. This plan is organized into five sections and three appendices: • Section 1 contains key definitions and concepts used in the plan. • Section 2 provides an overview of the City’s water resources. • Section 3 describes water supply shortage scenarios, including emergency water shortage or shortage due to prolonged drought conditions. • Section 4 presents the five distinct and progressive drought stages and responses that the City may declare including implementation procedures and processes. • Section 5 describes the array of best management practices that the City may use to offset any reductions in the available water supply. 4

• • •

Appendix A contains two tables of the recommended water reduction measures for each drought stage. Appendix B contains the Drought Management Ordinance. Appendix C contains the Drought Management Fines.

SECTION 1. KEY DEFINITIONS AND DROUGHT CONCEPTS DROUGHT Drought is defined as an extended period of below normal precipitation. Extended cycles of drought and surplus conditions are a normal occurrence in watersheds and can dramatically affect the regional and local water supplies. No one can accurately predict how long a specific drought will last, its geographical extent, magnitude, or severity. When a region experiences drought, it does not mean that water use reductions are necessary. The key issue is drought susceptibility. DROUGHT SUSCEPTIBILITY Drought susceptibility is the extent to which a municipality may be impacted by the effects of drought. High susceptibility means that there is a high likelihood that prolonged drought may lead to insufficient water supplies for a water provider to meet customer needs. The four factors that affect drought susceptibility are available surface water reservoir storage capacity, annual available surface water supplies, availability of alternative water resources to replace drought-affected supplies, and water system infrastructure capability. The availability of alternative water sources, such as groundwater and underground stored water credits, will temporarily help replace drought susceptible water supplies. Infrastructure (i.e., well capacity, distribution lines, and interconnects with other municipalities) also play a role in utilizing those resources during drought, thus reducing drought susceptibility. The Salt River Project (SRP) minimizes the impact of droughts on its water system by using groundwater to replace drought impacted surface water supplies. Groundwater production capacity through wells can be a limiting factor for a water provider, especially when surface water supplies are reduced due to drought. The number and overall capacity of the groundwater wells may not match the reduction in surface water supplies. In 2007, the City constructed the Oasis Groundwater Treatment Plant to enhance groundwater capacity in times of a surface water shortage. A total of five wells are connected to the Oasis Groundwater Treatment Plant. These wells, along with other City-owned and SRP wells, can be used to access groundwater and underground long-term storage credits.

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT While the terms drought management and water conservation are sometimes used interchangeably, there is a notable and important difference. Drought management refers to the plans and actions a city or water provider will implement, usually temporarily, to reduce the impact of drought and water shortage on its water system. This includes switching to alternative water supplies and implementing water reduction measures to save water. WATER CONSERVATION Water conservation is long-term and designed to reduce the amount of water used regardless of drought. As a desert community, it is especially important to be water wise. The City developed a water conservation public education program in 1985 in response to the 1980 Groundwater Management Act, which required water providers in the state’s Active Management Areas (AMA) to create water conservation programs. Water conservation serves an important role in helping Glendale provide reliable water supplies for the future and enabling the City to stay in compliance with the state water conservation requirements. Glendale maintains over ten water conservation programs listed as Best Management Practices (BMPs) by the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR). These programs are designed to promote ongoing water conservation behaviors and practices through information, education, and incentives. Water conservation is an integral part of Glendale’s long-term water management strategy by helping reduce the demand for water. From 2000 to 2020, Glendale’s population increased by 6%, yet the water demand decreased by 10% (Figure 1). 60,000

30,000

220,000

20,000

210,000

10,000 -

200,000 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Acre-feet

230,000

40,000

Population

240,000

50,000

Demand

Population

FIGURE 1 – Total Water Demand and Population in Glendale (2000-2020) 6

EMERGENCY WATER SHORTAGE Temporary water emergencies and disruptions that occur due to infrastructure failure, water contamination, or a water-borne disease outbreak are covered under various plans developed by the City. When extraordinary water savings are warranted due to an emergency, the DMP will work with these plans by outlining the mandatory water reduction measures for water customers. WATER WASTE Water waste is defined as water supplied by the City that discharges from any property onto a street, sidewalk, gutter, alley, public utility easement, right-of-way, or parking area. Water waste occurs when the flow of water travels at least two hundred fifty (250) feet from the property or accumulates in an area at least two hundred (200) square feet. There are some water waste exceptions, including the use of water for fire suppression, dust control, and public health and safety purposes, such as fire hydrant flushing or maintenance and repair of the City’s water distribution system. Water waste is a public nuisance, especially in times of drought.

SECTION 2. GLENDALE’S WATER RESOURCES AND WATER SERVICE AREA The City has proven that it Glendale's Available Water by Source has long-term water in Acre-Feet (AF) supplies within its total water portfolio (Figure 2) 9% and has demonstrated to SRP ADWR that it has a 100-year 7% Designation of Assured CAP Water Supply (DAWS) for its entire water service area. The City has reduced its 22% Groundwater drought susceptibility 62% through the management of Effluent its water resources and water system. The City has four sources of water: FIGURE 2 – Glendale's Available Water by Source surface water and groundwater from SRP, surface water from the Central Arizona Project (CAP), groundwater, and effluent water (also known as reclaimed water). The City also has underground stored water credits that are available to supplement its water supply. The City’s philosophy is to first use renewable surface water to the extent available and practical, then to rely on a combination of groundwater, stored water credits, and effluent water to meet the City’s total water demand. 7

The City has invested in a diverse water portfolio and extensive infrastructure to deliver high quality, reliable, and affordable drinking water. Although drought may impact the City’s SRP and CAP surface water sources differently, the City can combine groundwater and surface water supplies to deliver an adequate water supply for all customers throughout its water service area. SALT RIVER PROJECT (SRP) SRP surface water supply comes from the Salt and Verde River watersheds (Figure 3). The water from the Salt and Verde rivers originates from the springtime melt of the snowpack and from the monsoon rains originating in northeastern and central Arizona. This water is stored in a series of reservoirs and is delivered to the City’s Cholla and Oasis water treatment facilities through SRP’s canal system. In normal, non-drought years, SRP provides sufficient water supplies to meet water demand on the City’s approximately 15,000 acres of SRP eligible lands. The normal water allocation on SRP eligible land is 3.3 acre-feet per acre per year. SRP can provide surface water from its reservoir system and groundwater from its wells. In normal precipitation years, nearly all the City’s SRP supply is surface water. Only a small percentage of this supply is groundwater. During drought years, SRP may reduce the amount of water delivered per acre or change the type of water it delivers depending on the severity of the drought. SRP’s goal is to have a minimum allocation of 2.5 acre-feet per acre continuously available for delivery by 2035.

FIGURE 3 – Salt River Project Watershed 8

CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT (CAP) The City has secured several sources of Colorado River water that are delivered by the CAP. The City’s CAP water is delivered by the 336-mile CAP canal that stretches from Lake Havasu to Tucson. Figure 4 shows the Colorado River watershed and the delineation of the Upper and Lower Basin States that share water from the Colorado River. Mexico also shares a small portion of the Colorado River supply. The City’s municipal CAP sub-contract is 17,236 acre-feet per year. The City has an additional 5,346 acrefeet per year of other allocations and leases, bringing its total Colorado River supply to 22,582 acre-feet per year. When the settlement for the White Mountain Apache Tribe (WMAT) Colorado River water is finalized, the City plans to receive an additional 2,363 acre-feet per year of leased water. This will bring the City’s total volume of Colorado River water to 24,945 acre-feet per year.

FIGURE 4 – Colorado River Watershed 9

CITY GROUNDWATER The City has the right to use a limited amount of groundwater, which is pumped from wells connected to either a centralized treatment facility (such as the Oasis Groundwater Treatment Plant) or treatment at the well site. The City received a one-time volume of 365,535 acre-feet of groundwater that could be used over 100-years based on the ADWR 2010 DAWS. This limited amount of groundwater may be pumped out of the aquifer without being replenished. In addition, the City receives an annual groundwater credit from any water that leaks and recharges the aquifer from its distribution system equal to 4.69% of the previous year’s total water demand. EFFLUENT WATER The City has a supply of effluent water produced from its two wastewater treatment plants. Effluent water is wastewater that has been treated for non-potable purposes and is used directly on landscaping and in man-made lakes, such as Arrowhead Ranch. When effluent water cannot be directly used, it is stored underground at storage facilities. Direct use of effluent water benefits the City by fulfilling a water demand that would otherwise be met with potable water. Effluent water that is recharged in underground aquifers is a stored water credit that can be used in the future. These credits can be recovered through groundwater wells or can be exchanged for other water. Currently, the City stores approximately 6,500 acre-feet of effluent water a year. OTHER STORED WATER CREDITS As of 2020, the City has acquired over 180,000 acre-feet of long-term storage credits through recharge of CAP water, effluent, and SRP New Conservation Space (NCS) water in recharge facilities. In addition, the City earns groundwater credits by extinguishing irrigation rights within the City. These credits are one-time credits that are not subject to drought restrictions and can be pumped from groundwater wells. GLENDALE WATER SERVICE AREA Glendale’s water service area does not extend past 115th Avenue (Figure 5). Businesses and residents west of 115th Avenue are served by private water providers. The City’s DMP only applies to potable water customers served by the Glendale Water Services Department. Since there are multiple private water providers within the City’s boundaries, the City will coordinate with them to ensure timely communication about the City’s DMP. This will help Glendale residents and businesses understand who their water provider is and whether they are subjected to mandatory water reduction measures.

FIGURE 5 – Glendale Water Service Area – Updated 8/2021

SECTION 3. WATER SUPPLY SHORTAGE SCENARIOS EMERGENCY WATER SHORTAGE Within 24 hours after the City becomes aware of an emergency water shortage, which could be caused by a plant outage, infrastructure failure, act of terrorism, or other events that limit the supply of water, notification must be made to all water customers. The City has contingency plans for these types of emergencies. The City’s Water Services Department will work with the City’s Public Affairs and Billing/Finance Departments to notify the public about an emergency water shortage through various communication channels including robocalls; the City’s website, social media, and cable TV station; partner stakeholder communications; and news releases to media outlets. In the event of an emergency water shortage, all water customers will be required to reduce water consumption. As one of the largest customers within its water service area, the City will demonstrate leadership by following the water reduction measures listed under a Stage 4 Drought Emergency. Residential and non-residential customers must also follow the water reduction measures listed under a Stage 4 Drought Emergency. 11

SRP SHORTAGE The SRP water that the City receives is based on the number of acres of eligible member lands multiplied by the current year’s water allocation. Typically, the yearly allocation contains a mixture of surface water and groundwater that fluctuates based on the total amount of water available in the SRP system. When the SRP reservoir system is full, the allocation will be predominately surface water. If the reservoir system is low, more groundwater will be added into the yearly allocation. Glendale currently uses about 20,000 acre-feet per year out of its 55,000 acre-feet per year allocation of SRP water. Based on the City’s approximate 15,000 acres of SRP-eligible land and current demands, the SRP allocation would need to fall below 1.5 acrefeet per acre for Glendale not to receive its adequate SRP supply. CAP SHORTAGE The City’s CAP allocation consists of water with three priority levels. Depending on the severity of the shortage reduction, some of CAP’s supplies may be reduced or eliminated. About 90% of the City’s CAP supply is of a higher priority water that will be safe from the initial Colorado River shortage cuts (Table 1). Table 1 – Glendale’s CAP Allocation Priority Level Lowest High Highest

CAP Water Priority Non-Indian Agricultural (NIA) Priority Municipal and Industrial (M&I) / Indian Priority Priority 3 Total

Acre-feet per year 682 19,050 2,850 22,582

Currently, the details for the Colorado River shortage reductions are governed by the 2007 Lake Mead and Lake Powell Interim Guidelines, the 2019 Drought Contingency Plan (DCP), and 500 Plus Plan. The DCP established five water elevation triggers that reduce the amount of CAP water available to Arizona (Table 2). Municipal supplies would potentially face substantial reductions only under the last deep shortage reductions. TABLE 2 – DCP Water Shortage Tiers Impacting the State of Arizona and Glendale* CAP Water Shortage Tiers Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2A Tier 2B Tier 3 Lake Mead Elevation above 1,090 1,075 1,050 1,045 1,025 mean sea level (in feet) Reductions in water delivery 192,000 512,000 592,000 640,000 720,000 to Arizona (in AF) Reductions in water delivery 0 Up to 682 Up to 682 Up to 682 Greater to Glendale (in AF)* than or equal to 682 *Through 2026 based on agreements under the DCP 12

The 500 Plus Plan required an additional 500,000 acre-feet of water to be kept in Lake Mead for 2022 and possibly 2023. The 2007 Guidelines and DCP are in place until the end of 2026 when a new comprehensive plan must be adopted. The City’s DMP will be updated based on new plans for management of the Colorado River or direction from the U.S. Secretary of the Interior. If Glendale’s CAP supply is reduced by a severe drought according to the 2007 Interim Guidelines and DCP, stored water or the City’s groundwater allocation can be used to offset the reductions. The Arizona Water Banking Authority (AWBA) was established in 1996 to store Arizona’s unused Colorado River entitlements. To date, over 3.4 million acre-feet of water have been stored underground in Central Arizona. This stored water can be used to help replace or “firm” shortages of CAP water during droughts. It is estimated that up to 20% of reduced Colorado River supplies could be replaced by water supplied by the AWBA, such as during a Tier 2B or Tier 3 shortage. Plans developed by CAP, ADWR, and AWBA will help municipalities use this stored water during deep shortages on the Colorado River.

SECTION 4. DROUGHT STAGES AND IMPLEMENTATION There are five drought stages in the City’s DMP. Since the City’s water supply and demand may change, there needs to be flexibility in the drought stage triggers. Although there are two examples listed for each drought stage, they may occur separately or together. Details regarding the triggers for each stage are provided in this section and Table 3. Each stage is progressively more stringent. More restrictive declarations are made when the current stage is insufficient to meet water demand or when the situation changes significantly. Suggested best management practices are provided for each stage. Details regarding water reduction measures under each drought stage are provided in Section 5 and Appendix A.

Table 3 – Drought Stages and Triggers Drought Stage Stage 0 - Normal Stage 1 - Watch

CAP Example Tier 0 on the Colorado River

Tier 1 or Tier 2A shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of 5% to 10% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. Stage 2 - Alert Tier 2B shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of over 10% to 15% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. Stage 3 - Declaration Tier 3 shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of over 15% to 20% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. Stage 4 - Emergency When Lake Mead falls below 1,020 feet in elevation above mean sea level or CAP water deliveries reduced more than 20% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases.

SRP Example SRP water deliveries range from 2.5 to 3.3 acre-feet per acre. SRP water deliveries range from 2.0 to 2.5 acre-feet per acre.

SRP water deliveries range from 1.5 to 2.0 acre-feet per acre.

SRP water deliveries range from 1.0 to 1.5 acre-feet per acre.

SRP water deliveries are less than 1.0 acre-feet per acre

STAGE 0 – NORMAL WATER SUPPLY: During Stage 0, there are no impacts to Glendale’s total water supply. The City can provide adequate water service throughout the system. • Example 1 – Tier 0 on the Colorado River. • Example 2 – SRP water deliveries range from 2.5 to 3.3 acre-feet per acre. The City will continue to maintain water conservation BMPs and comply with the total Gallons Per Capita Per Day (GPCD) requirement under ADWR’s most current Management Plan for the Phoenix AMA.

STAGE 1 – DROUGHT WATCH: The City Manager declares Stage 1 when a water shortage minimally affects Glendale’s total water supply or when a regional water shortage has caused an Arizona Municipal Water Users Association (AMWUA) member city to declare similar drought restrictions. The City is still capable of providing adequate water service throughout the system. • Example 1 – Tier 1 or Tier 2A shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of 5% to 10% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. • Example 2 – SRP water deliveries range from 2.0 to 2.5 acre-feet per acre. To demonstrate leadership, the City will reduce water consumption by targeting a 5% reduction in overall water use at City properties, based on a fixed, five-year, historical average. Residential and non-residential customers are asked to reduce water use by 5%. STAGE 2 – DROUGHT ALERT: The City Manager declares Stage 2 when a water shortage has increased effects on Glendale’s total water supply. The City may not be capable of providing adequate water service throughout the system. • Example 1 – Tier 2B shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of over 10% to 15% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. • Example 2 – SRP water deliveries range from 1.5 to 2.0 acre-feet per acre. The City reduces water consumption by targeting a 10% reduction in overall water use at City properties, based on a fixed, five-year, historical average. Residential and non-residential customers are asked to reduce water use by 10%. The City may not be able to provide enough water to meet all demands and the public will be notified if conditions worsen. Consequently, mandatory water reduction measures may be imposed if voluntary measures do not adequately reduce water consumption. STAGE 3 – DROUGHT DECLARATION: The City Council declares Stage 3 when a water shortage has more severe effects on the City’s total water supply. The City is probably not capable of providing adequate water service throughout the system. • Example 1 – Tier 3 shortage on the Colorado River or CAP water deliveries reduced in the range of over 15% to 20% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. • Example 2 – SRP water deliveries range from 1.0 to 1.5 acre-feet per acre. The City reduces water consumption by targeting a 15% reduction in overall water use at City properties, based on a fixed, five-year, historical average. City parks, rights-of-way, and facilities with significant landscaped areas must not exceed a month-to-month water budget based on historic evapotranspiration rates. Residential and non-residential customers are asked to reduce water use by 15%. 15

Mandatory drought measures will include restrictions on outdoor water use. The City will consider strengthening and/or requiring additional drought management measures for Stage 3 if deemed necessary. These measures will be presented to City Council for consideration prior to the declaration of a Stage 3 Drought Declaration. STAGE 4 – DROUGHT EMERGENCY: The City Council declares Stage 4 when a water shortage has the most severe effects on the City’s total water supply. The City is not capable of providing adequate water service throughout the system. • Example 1 – When Lake Mead falls below 1,020 feet in elevation above mean sea level or CAP water deliveries reduced more than 20% from Glendale’s full subcontract, allocations, and leases. • Example 2 – SRP water deliveries are less than 1.0 acre-feet per acre. Mandatory water measures are required for the City to meet water demands. The City reduces water consumption by targeting a 20% reduction in overall water use at City properties, based on a fixed, five-year, historical average. City parks, rights-of-way, and facilities with significant landscaped areas must not exceed a month-to-month water budget based on historic evapotranspiration rates. City parks, rights-of-way, and facilities that do not receive effluent or SRP flood irrigation will be required to significantly reduce all turf watering and develop a plan to maintain trees within those turf areas. Residential and non-residential customers are asked to reduce water use by 20%. Mandatory drought measures will include restrictions on outdoor water use. The City will consider strengthening and/or requiring additional drought management measures for Stage 4 if deemed necessary. These measures will be presented to City Council for consideration prior to the declaration of a Stage 4 – Drought Emergency.

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

The City will know in advance whether there is a sufficient water supply to meet demand through the annual water supply assessment. Should the City anticipate a water supply reduction, the Drought Management Team will be assembled to help implement components of the City’s DMP. This will typically take place before the City anticipates that it will enter a Stage One – Drought Watch. ANNUAL WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT The Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) publishes a study every month called the 24-month study, which describes the conditions of the Colorado River reservoir system. This study looks at the Colorado River hydrology to project reservoir levels, including the water elevations in Lake Mead and Lake Powell, for the upcoming 24-months. The 24-month study published in August allows the City to predict with a high degree of accuracy the likelihood that a shortage call on the Colorado River system will affect the City’s water supply in the next calendar year. 16

The SRP system can usually be assessed in the months of February and March for the predicted watershed runoff volumes and the allocation of acre-feet per acre. The City prepares a water production plan in September for the next calendar year based on anticipated supplies, available water system infrastructure (e.g. water treatment capacity and well capacity), and projected demand. The City uses water supply projections from SRP and CAP in preparing this plan. The SRP initial water allocation is provided to the City in September with the possibility of altering the allocation in coordination with the watershed runoff and reservoir volumes. The City is required to submit its annual Colorado River water order by October 1. If the City projects a potential water shortage resulting from drought conditions, the Water Services Department is responsible for making recommendations to the City Manager/Council on the appropriate response. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT TEAM A drought declaration by the City Manager or Council will require teamwork, communication, cooperation, and coordination among City departments and our private and public stakeholder partners to reduce water usage and raise awareness in the community. The team will be led by the Water Services Department’s Conservation and Sustainable Living (CSL) Division and include key staff from the City departments shown in Table 4 and other departments, as needed. This team will provide regular updates and recommendations to the City Manager, Citizens Utility Advisory Commission, and City Council. The Drought Management Team will be comprised of an executive team (department directors) that will set policy and an implementation team (management staff) that will implement the policies and best management practices and monitor performance. Water Services will work closely with affected departments to provide technical assistance and ensure City operations comply with the mandatory water reduction measures and goals. Examples of technical assistance include the following: offering additional water efficiency assessments of City properties (indoor and outdoor), identifying leaks and other inefficiencies, recommending water efficient technology, seeking out grants for water efficiency projects, etc. City departments will provide valuable feedback on potential challenges to achieving the mandatory water reduction measures and goals and impacts to City properties, operations, and programs.

Table 4 – Roles and Responsibilities of the Drought Management Team Department Section Responsibilities Water Services CSL Division • Lead Drought Management Team. • Coordinate DMP communications with internal (i.e. City departments) and external (residential and non-residential) water service customers. • Provide up-to-date information on water reduction measures. • Monitor metered water use by City property to meet mandatory water reduction goals. Water • Serve as liaison to state, regional, and local Resources groups about current and projected water supply shortages. • Ensure adequate groundwater and underground storage supplies are available. • Provide regular updates on drought conditions, water supply, and demand. • Recommend which drought stage the City should enter based on projected water supply reduction. Distribution • Manage leak detection program. Customer Service • Notify customers when high water use criteria Field are met. Budget & Finance • Provide DMP information to customers. • Develop temporary drought surcharge. City Attorney’s • Review DMP, DMP ordinance, temporary drought surcharge, and Office other legal documents. Code Compliance • Educate the public and enforce DMP ordinance. Development • Provide DMP information to the development community. Services Economic • Provide DMP information to the business community. Development Engineering • Provide DMP information to the development community, such as during plan reviews. • Provide guidance on potential water efficiency measures for capital improvement projects. Public Affairs • Help coordinate the City’s drought and shortage messaging. • Ensure effective communications with customers. • Work with media. 18

Community Services; Field Operations; Public Facilities, Recreation, & Special Events; Public Safety; and Transportation

• • •

Provide guidance on curtailing water use at City properties. Monitor water use to meet mandatory water reduction goals. Monitor impacts of water reduction to City properties, operations, and programs.

SECTION 5. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES The City may use several best management practices to deal with droughts. These practices include both supply management and demand management strategies. SUPPLY MANAGEMENT The City’s first line of defense in facing drought is to fully use all water resources that are available to replace affected water supplies. Supply management strategies are generally preferred over demand management strategies because they have minimal impact on water users. In many cases, the public may not even realize that the City has implemented supply management measures to deal with drought. Glendale is fortunate because it is not reliant on a single source of water. It has several options to provide water during drought, including surface water and groundwater. If drought causes a cutback in the City’s surface water supply, the City will consider using all existing wells and nonimpacted surface water that can produce additional supply prior to asking water users to curb water consumption. City wells would be used to access the City’s groundwater and underground stored water credits. The City will apply to ADWR for a drought groundwater pumping exemption if necessary. DEMAND MANAGEMENT The second level of response when faced with drought is reducing water demand by implementing water reduction measures. Each measure can be designed to match the level of severity of water shortage and the type of water user. Generally, the implementation of measures will begin with a public information and drought awareness communications plan encouraging voluntary water use reductions. As the drought impact becomes more severe, mandatory water reduction measures may be implemented. Water reduction measures focus primarily on outdoor water use because water savings can be achieved without compromising public health and safety. Outdoor water use mainly affects aesthetics, while indoor water use directly affects hygiene and sanitary conditions. 19

DROUGHT AWARENESS COMMUNICATIONS PLAN The City will develop a comprehensive communications plan to provide timely information explaining the drought situation, raise awareness, and solicit cooperation from municipal, residential, and non-residential customers. This plan may include City water bill inserts, press releases, Glendale Channel 11 programming, interviews, informational brochures, community presentations, City webpage and social media, and an online water waste reporting form. The City will also work with SRP, CAP, AMWUA, and West Valley Water Association (WVWA) to coordinate appropriate public information and drought awareness communications. WATER CONSERVATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE The City’s CSL Division provides technical assistance to residential and non-residential customers and City departments. Services offered include Green Living classes, landscape consultations and budgets, water use audits, leak detection, rebates, and plant care demonstrations in the Glendale Xeriscape Demonstration Garden. Additional information about these services can be found on the City’s water conservation webpage – www.glendaleaz.com/waterconservation. The CSL Division may make recommendations to City Council for additional water efficiency measures, such as ordinances, policies, and rebates to help reduce water demand. MUNICIPAL WATER REDUCTION MEASURES Municipal water reduction measures are those imposed on City operations. Residential and non-residential customers will look to the City for leadership. The City will demonstrate leadership through the implementation of municipal water reduction measures prior to implementing mandatory water reduction measures on residential and non-residential customers. The following measures can be implemented to reduce municipal water use: A. Provide water conservation technical assistance. The CSL Division will work closely with affected City departments to provide technical assistance and ensure City operations comply with mandatory water reduction goals. B. Track and monitor water use at City properties. The City has multiple properties, including parks, right-of-way, a cemetery, and landfill that mostly use potable water for irrigation and dust control. Water use will be tracked and monthly landscape water budgets will be established and monitored where feasible. C. Notify customers about high water use. A work order will be generated to notify customers when high water use criteria are met.

D. Prohibit water wasting. Prohibit the escape of water from any City property onto the street, gutter, alley, sidewalk, public utility easement, right-of-way, or parking area if the water travels more than 250 feet from the original water source or accumulates in an area measuring 200 or more square feet. E. Prohibit the operation of decorative fountains. Turn off City-owned and operated decorative fountains. Fountains using effluent water are exempt. Fountains deemed by the City to be highly important may be exempted on a case-by-case basis. F. Prohibit winter grass. Restrict over-seeding of winter grass at City properties, except in high-use areas or for special/priority events. Prohibit all over-seeding with winter grass if drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. G. Restrict turf watering/landscape irrigation. Limit landscape irrigation at City properties to the hours between 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. to reduce evaporation losses. If conditions worsen, limit landscape irrigation and outdoor water use to selected days determined by the City. Further restrict irrigation on turf landscaping if drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. Irrigated areas using effluent or private flood irrigation water are exempt, unless the private water provider has implemented mandatory restrictions. H. Limit vehicle washing. Limit washing vehicles unless conducted at a facility equipped with wash water recycling. Exemption on a case-by-case basis for health and safety risks. I. Prohibit the washing of paved areas. Prohibit the washing of sidewalks, driveways, and walkways unless deemed to be a health or safety risk and a high-pressure cleaning system is used. J. Implement a drought surcharge on water bill. Establish a temporary drought surcharge to be implemented when drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. The drought surcharge is designed to encourage efficient water use and to make up the water utility funding gap caused by lower-than-normal water sales and any drought-related increase in water costs. The drought pricing structure is a surcharge on the cost of each unit or block of water used beyond an established baseline amount. This surcharge would be implemented as a percentage of the baseline cost of each unit or block of water for a particular meter size. The need for a drought surcharge will be presented to the City Council at the time of a Stage 3 Drought Declaration or a Stage 4 Drought Emergency. During each stage, water prices will likely rise due to less water delivered over the same baseline operating costs. The exact structure and amount of a drought surcharge will be recommended by City staff and 21

determined by the City Council, following the requirements of Arizona Revised Statute §9511.01. K. When possible, use effluent for dust control at City properties. Consider using effluent in lieu of potable water for dust mitigation to maintain Clean Air Act compliance at City parks or the landfill. Construction of the necessary effluent infrastructure and distribution for water hauling would be required. L. When possible, use effluent water for mechanical street sweeping activities. Consider using effluent for street sweeping purposes in lieu of potable water. Construction of the necessary effluent infrastructure and distribution system for water hauling would be required. M. Consideration of additional measures. In a worst-case situation in which the City is experiencing a severe drought and is unable to provide sufficient water supplies after implementing other best management measures, the City will consider requiring additional water reduction measures based on staff recommendations and as approved by the City Council. RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL WATER USE REDUCTIONS Residential and non-residential water use reductions apply to all non-City government water use. The City has the authority to implement mandatory restrictions on water use for customers connected to its water system to protect public health and welfare. Water users receiving private water service are not required to adhere to the irrigation restrictions unless the water provider imposes their own water restrictions. SRP may reduce the amount of water delivered to these lands during drought conditions if SRP’s water availability is impacted. The following measures can be implemented to reduce residential and non-residential water use: A. Provide water conservation technical assistance. The City will provide water conservation technical assistance to residential and non-residential customers. B. Provide the public with information about drought/shortage and water saving practices. The City will develop a comprehensive communications plan to provide timely information explaining the drought situation to raise awareness and solicit cooperation from residential and non-residential customers. C. Notify customers about high water use. A work order will be generated to notify customers when high water use criteria are met. 22

D. Limit/Prohibit water wasting. Limit in stages 1 and 2, prohibit in stages 3 and 4. Prohibit the escape of water from any private property onto the street, gutter, alley, sidewalk, public utility easement, right-of-way, or parking area if the water travels more than 250 feet from the original water source or accumulates in an area measuring 200 or more square feet. E. Limit/Prohibit the operation of decorative fountains. Limit in stages 1 and 2, prohibit in stages 3 and 4. Fountains using effluent water are exempt. Fishponds are exempt. F. Limit/Prohibit the use of outdoor water misting systems. Limit in stage 2, prohibit in stages 3 and 4. G. Restrict turf watering/landscape irrigation. Limit landscape irrigation to the hours between 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. to reduce evaporation losses. If conditions worsen, limit landscape irrigation and outdoor water use to selected days determined by the City. Further restrict irrigation on grass landscaping if drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. Irrigated areas using effluent or private flood irrigation water are exempt, unless the private water provider has implemented mandatory restrictions. H. Prohibit winter grass. Discourage over-seeding of winter grass. Prohibit any over-seeding with winter grass if drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. Irrigated areas using effluent water or private flood irrigation water are exempt. I. Prohibit vehicle/recreational vehicle washing. Prohibit washing vehicles and recreational vehicles unless conducted at a commercial car washing facility. J. Prohibit the washing of paved areas. Prohibit the washing of sidewalks, driveways, and walkways, unless deemed to be a health or safety risk and a high-pressure cleaning system is used. K. Implement a drought surcharge on water bill. Establish a temporary drought surcharge to be implemented when drought conditions worsen and warrant such action. The drought surcharge is designed to encourage efficient water use and to make up the water utility funding gap caused by lower-than-normal water sales and any drought-related increase in water costs. The drought pricing structure is a surcharge on the cost of each unit or block of water used beyond an established baseline amount. This surcharge would be implemented as a percentage of the baseline cost of each unit or block of water for a particular meter size.

A drought surcharge may be imposed upon water use that exceeds a minimum requirement for normal indoor water use needs according to the household size. All non-residential water users will be subject to the drought surcharge. The need for a drought surcharge will be presented to the City Council at the time of a Stage 3 Drought Declaration or a Stage 4 Drought Emergency. The exact structure and amount of a drought surcharge will be recommended by City staff and determined by the City Council, following the requirements of Arizona Revised Statute §9-511.01. L. Consideration of additional measures. In a worst-case situation in which the City is experiencing a severe drought and is unable to provide sufficient water supplies after implementing other best management measures, the City will consider requiring additional water reduction measures recommended by staff and approved by the City Council. GRANTING OF EXEMPTION Section 33-83 of City Code provides an exemption to the DMP provisions. At the written request of the applicant, the City may grant an exemption. The exemption may be granted if the applicant can demonstrate that the granting of such exemption is for the protection of public health and welfare. MONITORING AND ENFORCEMENT OF RESTRICTED WATER USE The first two drought stages encourage and promote voluntary water use reductions by residential and non-residential water users. Therefore, there is no need for active enforcement until a Stage 3 Drought Declaration is enacted. The City will implement a more active enforcement program when residential and nonresidential water use restrictions are mandated. The enforcement program will include routine staff patrols and prompt investigations of customer complaints of improper water use. Staff from the City of Glendale Code Compliance Department will be empowered to issue civil citations, which can result in fines. For a first violation of the City of Glendale Drought Management Ordinance, the City will issue the customer a written notice of first violation and provide educational materials on water conservation and a copy of the relevant portions of the DMP. The City shall give the customer a reasonable time to correct the violation. For a second violation of the City of Glendale Drought Management Ordinance, the City will issue the customer a written notice of second violation and impose fines set by the drought stage (Appendix C). Fines are added to the customer’s account. If any portion of a customer’s account, including fines, is not paid, water service will be terminated. 24

For a third or subsequent violation of the City of Glendale Drought Management Ordinance, the City will issue the customer a fine equal to twice the previous fine. The fine will be added to the customer’s account. If any portion of a customer’s account, including fines, is not paid, water service will be terminated. The City Manager or his designee is responsible for enforcement of the DMP. Any person against whom a penalty is levied under this section shall have a right to a hearing before the City Manager or his designee in accordance with section 33-11 of City Code.

Appendix A

Table 5 – Water Reduction Measures for Municipal Operations This list of water reduction measures is not all-inclusive and may be amended as necessary to appropriately respond to the water supply shortage. Water Reduction Measures for Municipal Operations (i.e. City Departments) Water Reduction Goal A Provide water conservation technical assistance. B Track and monitor water use at city properties. C Notify customers about high water use. D Prohibit water wasting. E Prohibit the operation of decorative fountains. F Prohibit winter grass unless effluent water is used. G Restrict turf watering/landscape irrigation to selected days as determined by the City. H Limit vehicle washing unless conducted at a facility equipped with wash water recycling. I Prohibit the washing of paved areas unless the area is determined to be a public health/safety problem and a high-pressure cleaning system is used. J Implement a drought surcharge. K When possible, use effluent water for dust control at City properties. L When possible, use effluent water for mechanical streetsweeping activities. M Consideration of additional drought management measures as determined necessary and approved by City Council.

Stage 0 Normal Water Supply

Stage 1 Drought Watch

Stage 2 Drought Alert

Stage 3 Drought Declaration

Stage 4 Drought Emergency

5% X

10% X

15% X

20% X

X X

X X X X

APPENDIX A (Continued)

Table 6 – Water Reduction Measures for Residential and Non-Residential Customers This list of water reduction measures is not all-inclusive and may be amended as necessary to appropriately respond to the water supply shortage. Water Reduction Measures for Residential and Non-Residential Customers Water Reduction Goal A Provide water conservation technical assistance. B Provide the public with information about drought/shortage and water saving practices. C Notify customers about high water use. D Limit/Prohibit water wasting. E Limit/Prohibit the operation of decorative fountains. F Limit/Prohibit the use of outdoor water misting systems. G Restrict turf watering/landscape irrigation to selected days as determined by the City. H Prohibit winter grass unless effluent water is used. I Prohibit vehicle/recreational vehicle washing unless conducted at a commercial facility equipped with wash water recycling or with a hose equipped with a shut off nozzle. J Prohibit the washing of paved areas unless the area is determined to be a public health/safety problem and a high-pressure cleaning system is used. K Implement a drought surcharge. L Consideration of additional drought management measures as determined necessary and approved by City Council.

Stage 0 Normal Water Supply

Stage 1 Drought Watch

Stage 2 Drought Alert

Stage 3 Drought Declaration

Stage 4 Drought Emergency

5% X

10% X

15% X

20% X

X X

APPENDIX B

THE CITY OF GLENDALE DROUGHT MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE Chapter 33, Article II, Division 4 of the Municipal Code of the City of Glendale Sec. 33-81. - Declaration of policy. It is the policy of the City of Glendale that water usage of all City users and Customers shall be curtailed during times of drought. (Ord. No. 3003, § 1(Exh. A), 9-27-16) Sec. 33-82. - Drought management plan. (a) The City shall adopt a Drought Management Plan for curtailing water usage during times of drought. The plan shall be posted on the City's internet website and contain the following: (1) Conditions that may cause the City to declare a drought to exist and to implement the drought management plan; (2) An identification of the levels of drought based on the severity of the drought conditions; (3) An authorization allowing the City Manager to implement the plan, conduct necessary public outreach and take enforcement actions to minimize the impact of the drought; (4) Termination of the drought declaration, if the conditions that triggered the declarations no longer exist; and (5) Any rules and regulations necessary to reduce water use during the drought. (b) Once adopted, all City departments, agencies, employees and contractors and Customers must comply with the provisions of the City's drought management plan, unless an exemption has been granted in accordance with Sec 33-83. (Ord. No. 3003, § 1(Exh. A), 9-27-16) Sec. 33-83. - Exemption. The City's drought management plan provisions may be exempted at the written request of the applicant and approval of the City Manager. The exemption may be granted if the applicant can demonstrate that the granting of such exemption is for the protection of public health and welfare. (Ord. No. 3003, § 1(Exh. A), 9-27-16)

Sec. 33-84. - Enforcement. (a) For a first violation of any provision of this division, the City shall issue a written notice of first violation and provide educational materials on water conservation, including a copy of the relevant provisions of this chapter, to the Customer violating the provisions of this division. The City shall give the Customer a reasonable period of time to correct the violation. (b) For a second violation of any provision of this division, the City shall issue a written notice of second violation to the Customer and impose fines set by the drought stage. The fine shall be added to the Customer's account. Failure to pay any portion of a Customer's account, including any fines imposed pursuant to this Section, shall subject said account to termination of water service in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. (c) For a third or subsequent violation of this division, the City shall impose a fine equal to twice the previous fine. The fine shall be added to the Customer's account. Failure to pay any portion of a Customer's account, including any fines imposed pursuant to this Section, shall subject said account to termination of water service in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. (d) Enforcement of the Drought Management Plan shall be conducted by the City Manager or his designee. (e) Any person against whom a penalty is levied under this Section shall have a right to a hearing before the City Manager or his designee in accordance with Section 33-11. (Ord. No. 3003, § 1(Exh. A), 9-27-16) Sec. 33-85. - Providing for civil fines and penalties. The civil fines and penalties for violation of this division are set forth in Section 33-5, Miscellaneous Customer service fees, and shall be established by resolution of the City Council and set forth in Appendix 1 to this Chapter. (Ord. No. 3003, § 1(Exh. A), 9-27-16)

APPENDIX C

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT FINES Chapter 33, Appendix 1 of the Municipal Code of the City of Glendale Prohibited Water Use Fines Stage Three Drought Declaration Stage Four Drought Emergency

$75.00 $100.00

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