On-Site Magazine December 2014

DECEMBER 2014

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ONCR ETE O N S 2015 IT E W

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2015

Forecast 2015

PICKUP TRUCK PREVIEW PG.24

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VOLUME 58, NO.7 / DECEMBER 2014

24 COVER STORY 18 2015 Forecast Before this summer, many construction industry experts believed 2015 might be another banner year, but recent declines in the price of oil is making contractors wary.

DEPARTMENTS 5 Comment Road rage

8

News Industry news

12 Construction Stats The latest news on building permits and construction employment

54

COLUMNS 51 Risk Counter-party risk: Is there enough margin in the tank?

52 Funny Photo Funny Photo contest

54 Contractors and the Law Entire agreement clauses: You get what you bargain for

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35 C ONCRETE ON-SITE

53

features

Index of Advertisers

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24

31

The bulk of emissions emanating from Canadian construction sites could soon be coming from workers themselves as more stringent Tier 4 standards take effect in 2015.

Full-size pickup trucks are getting tougher, but improved fuel economy remains a key focus for most.

Building Information Modeling software has been around for more than a decade.

While its potential impact is unprecedented, adoption continues to be slow.

Tougher Tier-4 standards on the horizon

Mean yet lean: 2015 truck review

The road to BIM

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compatible

Formerly...

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COMMENT

Road rage

T

Get the latest construction news!

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raffic delays due to road construction are out of control from coast to coast.

If you enter “road construction” into Google, you will find an endless list of articles from small-town and global newspapers alike bemoaning traffic delays caused by construction.

As the editor of a construction magazine, I tend to be pretty forgiving of traffic delays caused by lane restrictions and roadwork. It is, after all, a good sign that our beloved industry is thriving.

That being said, I must admit, I am finding it increasingly difficult to explain to co-workers why 500 metres of the lane outside our office has been closed for weeks, with nothing more than a truck parked there.

Few things are more frustrating for drivers than traffic that slows to a crawl for a lane restriction that appears unnecessary. It’s making contractors look bad. They are being accused of poor planning and a complete lack of concern for the impact their projects have on traffic and surrounding businesses.

City of Hamilton Councillor Lloyd Ferguson says: “the city doesn’t have any rules governing lane closures, and it’s time for that to change.”

He wants the city to create a policy that requires developers/contractors to stick to a timeline and face penalties if they cannot.

And Ferguson isn’t alone in his sentiment.

Drivers and politicians from Vancouver, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Ottawa and the eastern provinces want to see clearly defined rules in place to minimize traffic congestion caused by construction. We all know that any number of issues can pop up in the middle of a job causing delays. Whether that’s disputes between the contractor and the property owner, material shortages, unforeseen problems, change orders, lien waivers or even something as simple

and frustrating as poor weather. Ask the contractors in Buffalo how their jobs progressed at the end of November!

There are lots of good reasons for construction delays in roadwork, but contractors need to do a better job of managing their worksites when these delays do occur. Re-open lanes that are not being worked on, park heavy equipment off-site when not in use, work off-peak hours when possible, use signage to inform the public of how long construction delays will last, and have a good explanation for what is causing the delay when the irate phone calls start rolling in.

What the public fails to understand is that contractors don’t want to deal with delays either.

After all, time is money. And construction delays are expensive for all involved.

Heading into the long cold months of Canadian winter, and due to have a baby in just a few short weeks, I am more sensitive than usual to the potential risk of traffic delays. I for one am hoping for a smooth, blizzard and constructionfree ride to the hospital.

As the Christmas holidays approach and the New Year dawns, I will be leaving On-Site in the capable hands of contributing editor Jim Barnes. Jim was the editor of On-Site for many years before my time, and has a genuine love and fascination for this industry.

From our family to yours, Happy Holidays!

Corinne Lynds / Editor CLynds@on-sitemag.com

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CONTRIBUTORS

MEET OUR CONTRIBUTORS FOR THIS ISSUE

www.on-sitemag.com / Fax: 416-510-5140

JIM BARNES / Contributing Editor, On-Site

EDITOR/EDITORIAL DIRECTOR | Corinne Lynds (416) 510-6821 CLynds@on-sitemag.com

On predictions for 2015: A lot seems to have changed in the Canadian construction market in the second half of the year. One game-changer was a drop of roughly 20 per cent in the price of oil from the June 2014 peak.

ASSISTANT EDITOR | Patrick Callan (416) 442-5600 x3524 PCallan@on-sitemag.com

PUBLISHER | Peter Leonard (416) 510-6847 PLeonard@on-sitemag.com

“

CONTRIBUTING EDITOR | James A. Barnes ART DIRECTOR | Melissa Crook (416) 442-5600 x3260 MCrook@bizinfogroup.ca

”

ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER | David Skene (416) 510-6884 DSkene@on-sitemag.com

DAVID BOWCOTT / Senior vice-president, national director large/strategic accounts, construction and infrastructure services, Aon On counter-party risk: The future will likely hold an increased risk of counter-party failure to perform. There is empirical evidence within the insurance sector as there has been increased claims activity with lines of cover that provide security for subcontractor performance.

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SALES & MARKETING COORDINATOR | Kim Rossiter (416) 510-6794 KRossiter@bizinfogroup.ca PRODUCTION MANAGER | Barb Vowles 416-510-5103 BVowles@bizinfogroup.ca CIRCULATION MANAGER | Selina Rahaman (416) 442-5600 x3528 SRahaman@bizinfogroup.ca Published by BIG Magazines LP, a division of Glacier BIG Holdings Company Ltd. 80 Valleybrook Drive, North York, ON M3B 2S9 BIG Magazines LP Executive Publisher | Tim Dimopoulos Vice-President of Canadian Publishing | Alex Papanou President of Business Information Group | Bruce Creighton

MATTHEW SWANSON / Partner at Borden Ladner Gervais LLP (BLG)

SUBSCRIPTION RATES Canada $81.00 per year, Outside Canada US$139.00 per year, Single Copy Canada $13.00. On-Site is published 7 times per year except for occasional combined, expanded or premium issues, which count as two subscription issues.

On entire agreement clauses: While the entire agreement clause is sometimes glossed over as part of the “boilerplate” in a commercial contract, it can be a very useful provision if the parties subsequently disagree as to the terms of the contract or its proper interpretation.

PRIVACY NOTICE From time to time we make our subscription list available to select companies and organizations whose product or service may interest you. If you do not wish your contact information to be made available, please contact us via one of the following methods:

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ROSS MONSOUR / Director of Marketing at Ready Mixed Concrete Association of Ontario On field sampling and transportation: Field sampling and transportation have always been an issue in the concrete business. The samples must be prepared and handled very carefully due to the cylinders being in the plastic state and must be simulated in their curing until it reaches the hardened state for testing.

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PATRICK CALLAN / Assistant Editor, On-Site On Tier 4 standards: The bulk of emissions emanating from Canadian construction sites could soon be coming from workers themselves as more stringent Tier 4 standards take effect in 2015.

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On-Site receives unsolicited materials (including letters to the editor, press releases, promotional items and images) from time to time.

On-Site, its affiliates and assignees may use, reproduce, publish, re-publish, distribute, store and archive such unsolicited submissions in whole or in part in any form or medium whatsoever, without compensation of any sort.

DISCLAIMER This publication is for informational purposes only.

The content and “expert” advice presented are not intended as a substitute for informed professional engineering advice. You should not act on information contained in this publication without seeking specific advice from qualified engineering professionals.

Canadian publications Mail Sales Product Agreement 40069240 Established in 1957, On-Site is published by BIG Magazines LP a division of Glacier BIG Holdings Company Ltd. Inc. ISSN: 1910-118X We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canada Periodical Fund of the Department of Canadian Heritage.

Content copyright ©2014 by BIG Magazines LP, may not be reprinted without permission.

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Canadian Construction Association

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“

John Anderson John Anderson Construction Warren, PA

“I KNOW THEY MAKE GOOD BUSINESS SENSE, AND I LIKE RUNNING THEM.” Doosan Delivers 1.877.745.7814

DoosanEquipment.com/John Doosan and the Doosan logo are registered trademarks of Doosan Corp. in the United States and various other countries around the world. ©2014 Doosan Infracore Construction Equipment America. All rights reserved. | 154G-0

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INDUSTRY NEWS

INDUSTRY>NEWS CCPPP honours Canada's 2014 P3 leaders The Canadian Council for Public-Private Partnerships (CCPPP) recently handed out its 2014 National Awards for Innovation and Excellence in public-private partnerships (P3s), including the C.W. Chuck Wills Award for outstanding achievement in the municipal sector and the P3 Champion.

The awards were presented on Nov. 3 at the CCPPP’s annual conference in Toronto, which attracted government and industry leaders from across Canada and around the world. Mark Romoff, president and CEO of the CCPPP, said the council’s awards program has become increasingly competitive, which speaks volumes about the calibre of the projects selected.

“This year’s award winners will be bringing Canadians safe, clean drinking water; improving wastewater management;

developing clean, reliable sources of energy; improved transportation routes; modern, consolidated judicial services; and cuttingedge healthcare facilities that are focused on the patients,” he said. “These projects are delivered to the highest quality standards, while providing substantial savings and efficiencies over traditional procurement methods.”

Gold award winners: • BC Hydro’s John Hart Generating Station Replacement Project (Project Financing) • Elgin County Courthouse (Infrastructure Award) Silver award winners: • North Island Hospitals Project (Infrastructure Sustainability Award) • South Fraser Perimeter Road (Infrastructure Award) Award of merit: • Evan Thomas Water & Wastewater Treatment (Infrastructure) The C.W. Chuck Wills Award: • City of Regina Wastewater The CCPPP also recognized the late Honourable Jim Flaherty as the P3 Champion for 2014. Throughout his career Flaherty contributed to infrastructure development and renewal in Canada, as well as the advancement of a best-in-class Canadian P3 model.

“It is hard to overstate the importance of Jim Flaherty’s role in addressing Canada’s infrastructure deficit,” said Dale Richmond, chairman of CCPPP’s board of directors. “He was a visionary who recognized that private sector skills and innovation can help governments to build better quality infrastructure, while saving money for Canadian taxpayers.”

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INDUSTRY NEWS

SNC-Lavalin to cut 1,000 jobs in Canada; 4,000 worldwide SNC-Lavalin plans to reduce its global workforce by nine per cent— 4,000 jobs—over the next 18 months as the company undergoes extensive “restructuring and right-sizing.”

SNC-Lavalin’s Canadian operations will suffer a significant blow, as roughly 1,000 workers will be laid off. The remaining 3,000 job cuts will take place outside of Canada “in sectors and end markets that face a more difficult operating environment.”

According to SNC-Lavalin, these cuts are necessary in order to deliver about $100 million in annual after tax operational efficiencies beginning in 2015, and they are part of its five-year strategic plan to build a global Tier-1 engineering and construction firm.

Ontario College of Trades under review

overbuilt

to be overworked.

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The Government of Ontario has appointed the former secretary of cabinet and head of the Ontario Public Service to review key areas of Ontario’s skilled trades system that fall within the mandate of the Ontario College of Trades.

Tony Dean will conduct a review of issues related to the scopes of practice or type of work performed in a trade, as well as the process for determining whether certification should be compulsory or voluntary to practice a trade. The trade classification review process will be paused during Dean’s review and the College will continue to fulfill its mandate during this time.

Dean will consult with stakeholders and receive support from the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities and the College of Trades, but will function independently of both. His appointment began in October and will continue for one calendar year. He will then deliver his report to the College of Trades and the Ministry. The College will have the opportunity to review his findings and implement key recommendations.

George Brown College opens Green Building Centre Toronto’s George Brown College officially opened its new Green Building Centre on November 10. The applied research facility will train students in green energy, advanced construction systems and computer-enabled, efficient buildings. It will also create space for industry partners to conduct full-scale development projects focused on construction

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INDUSTRY NEWS

Shift in energy optimization thinking for healthcare facilities Shift Energy and EllisDon have partnered to launch an automated Energy Optimization System (EOS) for Canadian and international healthcare facilities.

EOS systems have already been deployed in major events facilities, such as Vancouver’s Rogers Arena where it has significantly reduced annual energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions. practices that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient.

Shift and EllisDon are working with Toronto’s Located within George Brown’s Centre for Construction and University Health Network to pilot the world’s Engineering Technologies, the facility will allow for 160 research first healthcare deployment of Intelligent Live projects with industry partners in its first five years, and has Recommissioning technology. already created nearly 60 jobs. The building is supported by a EllisDon will deliver infrastructure-engineering $6.6-million Federal Economic Development Agency (FedDev) for services while Shift will provide the EOS software Southern Ontario contribution, matched by George Brown’s own investment of $6.8 million. and supporting implementation services.

The centre includes a number of innovative labs for students to work alongside industry partners on projects throughout a building’s life cycle—from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and demolition.

These spaces include: building materials lab, building automation lab, building information modeling lab, advanced prototyping lab, building sciences lab, as well as a business accelerator and entrepreneurship space.

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INDUSTRY LEADING CONSTRUCTION SOFTWARE

COCA joins Prompt Payment Ontario The Council of Ontario Construction Associations’ (COCA) board of directors has voted in favour of joining the newly formed Prompt Payment Ontario organization.

Prompt Payment Ontario was created to advocate for prompt payment legislation in the province of Ontario. Its organizational structure allows for a diverse group of members to participate, including trade associations, labour unions and the residential construction sector.

Prompt payment legislation, which would ensure that contractors are paid in a timely fashion for work that has been satisfactorily completed, has been adopted in many other jurisdictions, including the U.S, the U.K., Australia, Ireland and New Zealand. If industry efforts are successful, Ontario will be the first Canadian jurisdiction to adopt prompt payment.

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CONSTRUCTION STATS A selection of data reflecting trends in the Canadian construction industry Total value of permits $ billions 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5

Building permits up in September

7.0

Municipalities issued building permits worth $7.5 billion in September, up 12.7 per cent from August, following a 27.3 per cent decrease the previous month. The increase in September resulted primarily from higher construction intentions for both non-residential and residential buildings in Ontario. The value of non-residential building permits rose 23.9 per cent to $3.1 billion in September, the fifth increase in six months.

6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0

S J 2009

J

2010

2011

J

J

2012

Seasonally adjusted

2013

J

S 2014

Trend

Note(s): The higher variability associated with the trend-cycle estimates is indicated with a dotted line on the current reference month and the three previous months.

Employment

Investment in non-residential building construction is up

thousands 18,200

Investment in non-residential building construction increased 1.2 per cent from the second quarter to $13.1 billion in the third quarter. This was the second consecutive quarterly increase and largely resulted from higher spending for commercial building construction.

Total non-residential investment rose in five provinces in the third quarter, with the largest gains occurring in Alberta and Ontario.

18,000 17,800 17,600 17,400 17,200 17,000 16,800 16,600

O 2009

J

J 2010

J 2011

J 2012

J 2013

O 2014

Investment in non-residential building construction % 14

Employment numbers continue to climb Employment rose for the second consecutive month, up 43,000 in October. This pushed the unemployment rate down 0.3 percentage points to 6.5 per cent, the lowest rate since November 2008. In the 12 months to October, employment rose by 182,000 (+1.0 per cent), with the growth in September and October of this year accounting for two-thirds of this increase.

13

12

11

10

III

IV

2009

I

II

III IV

2010

I

II III IV

2011

I

II III IV

2012

I

II III IV

2013

I

II III

2014

Source: Statistics Canada

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Tier 4

Clearing the air

BY PATRICK CALLAN

Tougher Tier 4 standards on the horizon

T

he bulk of emissions emanating from Canadian construction sites could soon be coming from workers themselves as more stringent Tier 4 standards take effect in 2015.

Tier 4 standards to reduce smog-forming pollutants â&#x20AC;&#x201D; such as nitrous oxide and particulate matter â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Â from off-road diesel engines have been gradually introduced since they were mandated in Canada in January 2012 (see pg.16). These engines are most commonly found in construction, mining and agriculture machines such as bulldozers, tractors, heavy haulers and portable generator sets.

Starting on January 1, 2015, those importing or manufacturing off-road diesel engines rated 560 kW or less will have to meet final Tier 4 standards on new models. In addition, they will no longer be able to use transition engines with 56 kW that meet Tier 2 standards.

Environment Canada, who implements and enforces Tier 4 regulations, gives the following example: for a 225 kW rated engine, final Tier 4 standards will begin with the 2014 model year. However, transition engine provisions allow 225kW engines that meet Tier 3 standards to be imported or manufactured up until Dec. 31, 2017.

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Tier 4

In terms of rolling out Tier 4 standards, Canada and the U.S. are following along the same trajectory according to guidelines from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The two countries also work together and share information about testing and compliance.

“That’s what we strive to do with all our vehicles and engines,” says Josée Lavergne, manager of air pollutants and regulatory development at Environment Canada. “For the manufacturers it’s a North American market and having the same regulations is simple.

It saves costs to the government and mostly to the stakeholders to do that.”

Tier 4 compliance in Canada can be done in one of two ways: providing proof of certification by the EPA or providing proof that the engine meets emissions standards.

Offenders could receive fines of up to $1 million and/or up to three years in prison for failure to meet the engine emission standard, demonstrate compliance, label engines or keep records.

According to Lavergne, Environment Canada enforces Tier 4 standards in different ways. “We have implementing the regulation and we have enforcing the regulation,” she says.

TABLE 1: GRADUAL COMING INTO FORCE OF THE FINAL TIER 4 STANDARDS

Power (kW)

Coming into force of the Final Tier 4 standards (model year) kW

< 19

2012

19 ≤ kW < 56

2013

56 ≤ kW < 130

2014

130 ≤ kW ≤ 560

2014

kW > 560

2015

TABLE 2: GENERAL AVAILABILITY TRANSITION ENGINE TIME FRAMES

Power (kW)

Emission standard

End of general availability provisions1

kW < 19

Tier 2

December 31, 2014

19 ≤ kW < 37

Tier 2

December 31, 2014

37 ≤ kW < 56

Tier 2

December 31, 2014

56 ≤ kW < 75

Tier 3

December 31, 2018

75 ≤ kW < 130

Tier 3

December 31, 2018

130 ≤ kW ≤ 560

Tier 3

December 31, 2017

kW > 560

Tier 2

December 31, 2017 Source: Environment Canada

This involves monitoring and reviewing documents that have been provided as evidence of conformity. It also involves inspecting engines, emission components and emission testing.

The purpose of implementing Tier 4 standards for off-road diesel engines is to improve the health of the environment and the health of Canadians. Lavergne says when looking at overall air quality improvement, it is an accumulation of many different factors, regulations and initiatives. And as Canadian fleets continue to turnover to meet the tougher Tier 4 standards, we will start to notice significant reductions in emissions over time. “If you compare the Tier 4 standard to the previous standard, there is a reduction of allowable emissions by 37 per cent for non-methane hydrocarbon and nitrous oxide.”

To meet Tier 4 standards, manufacturers are introducing new features and technology: particulate filters, exhaust gas recirculation, nitrous oxide absorbers and selective catalytic reduction systems similar to those in cars, to name a few.

“At the moment Tier 4 emissions [standards] are pretty recent.

There’s still many years to go for fleets to turnover,” says Lavergne.

“We will continue monitoring the implementation to make sure that these reductions happen. Should more stringent standards be introduced in the U.S., because of our policy of alignment, then we would follow suit.”

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2015 FORECAST

2015

Forecast

BY JIM BARNES

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OIL PRICES AND THE SPUTTERING WORLD ECONOMY RAISE RED FLAGS

B

ack in the spring, many industry leaders felt 2015 might be another banner year. Before the recent decline in the price of oil, Tim Talbott, president and CEO of Bird Construction Inc. in Mississauga, Ont., expected levels of business in the industry to increase slightly in 2015. “Now, it’s wait-and-see,” he says.

Michael Atkinson, president of the Canadian Construction Association based in Ottawa, says the association had been predicting the construction investment in Canada in 2014 to come in at around $293 billion. “That would have been a two to two-and-a-half per cent increase over the previous year,” he says. However, many forecasters in the industry have been revising their predictions lately. When assessing an outlook, take the date the outlook data was gathered into consideration, suggests Atkinson.

A potential slowdown is no news to Clive Thurston, president of the Ontario General Contractors Association. For his association’s members, “This is the worst year we've seen in a long time,” he says, referring primarily to projects worth less than $100 million. “I think next year is going to be a very, very tough year.”

“We are hearing that the emphasis in infrastructure will shift from the vertical to the horizontal—transportation, transportation, transportation. [On the upside] we're going to see sewer and water mains and roads getting the attention they need,” says Thurston.

“Resource commodities and infrastructure renewal have helped drive the recent market,” says Tim Smith, executive vice president, Buildings/ICI, EllisDon Construction in Mississauga, Ont. “Over the past two years, we were seeing investment in aging assets. There are a lot of products that are getting upgraded and revived.”

CURRENT EVENTS A lot seems to have changed in the Canadian construction market in the second half of 2014.

One game-changer was a drop of roughly 20 per cent in the price of oil from the June 2014 peak. That drop was somewhat mitigated by a corresponding drop in the value

of the Canadian dollar. The ultimate effect is unclear, and natural gas prices also are under pressure.

"We're expecting the West to remain hot in 2015, but the impact of the decline in the price of oil remains to be seen. It will be early to mid next year before we see any impact from that," says Talbott.

“Oil prices are forecast to decline until 2016 and increase thereafter,” according to the Preliminary Investment Trends Report from BuildForce Canada, published in September.

Buildforce (formerly known as the Construction Sector Council) studies labour market data in the Canadian construction industry as a whole.

Its research currently covers the period 2015 to 2024.

The report calls for oil to recover and exceed its previous peak price of about US$100 per barrel by 2019. Natural gas, however, is not expected to return to its peak due to competing supplies from shale gas deposits.

Canada’s dollar has dropped in value against the U.S. dollar significantly this year; currently it’s worth about US$0.88. That came as a relief to many in industry, since it enhances exports and led to a revival in manufacturing and new jobs. Exports were up 16 per cent in July over the previous year and saw strength in autos, aerospace, consumer products, machinery and equipment and other categories.

Statistics Canada reported that the industrial capacity utilization rate rose to 82.7 per cent in the second quarter, the fourth consecutive quarterly increase and the highest rate since mid-2007. The manufacturing sector tracked this number closely, with an 82 per cent rate.

As capacity utilization rates grow, so will interest in new industrial construction.

While many other developed nations

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2015 FORECAST 2017 and stabilize after that. Industrial building construction is also expected to increase. Stronger growth in commercial building construction over the outlook period should offset fluctuations in institutional building, researchers say.

Manitoba: Expect a sharp rise in manufacturing sales and output into 2015, thanks to the US recovery and a weak Canadian dollar, says TD Economics. Economic growth is forecast at 2.5 per cent in 2015 and 2.1 per cent in 2016.

Non-residential construction will be driven primarily by projects in the mining and utilities sectors, says BuildForce.

Saskatchewan: According to TD Economics, economic activity is forecast to bounce back in 2015 (+2.5 per cent) before returning to around two per cent in 2016. BuildForce notes major mining and pipeline projects should drive investment in engineering and industrial construction. Demand is projected to rise over the near term, peak in 2017, and then slow down as major projects are finished.

Alberta: Calling for growth in GDP of 3.3 per cent in 2015, TD Economics expects Alberta’s

economy to outperform the rest of Canada for the next few years. “The recent pullback in crude oil prices will weigh on incomes and take some steam out of the economy going forward. We expect prices to stabilize in early 2015.” Oil sands, pipeline, storage and electric power construction projects will keep Alberta’s construction activity well above historical levels, says BuildForce.

Maintenance work and sustaining capital projects will add to this activity.

British Columbia: Real GDP gains in British Columbia are forecast to increase to about 2.6 per cent on average over the 2015-16 period, says TD Economics. Upcoming LNG projects will fuel non-residential construction in 2016.

Buildforce also spotlights LNG: “Industrial, LNG terminals, pipelines, utilities and mining projects are expected to ramp up over the medium term,” says the report.

“By 2017, construction investment is projected to set a new record.”

The Canadian construction outlook continues to be very positive, despite some bumps in the road. In terms of public infrastructure, Atkinson notes it is no longer a question of “do we do it” but “when and how can we ensure that they get in place fast enough to help our economy?”

Generally speaking, the sector continues to generate a lot of new business.

“Ask any contractor across Canada about their greatest need. It will be skilled tradespeople and skilled, experienced management people. For the foreseeable future, it is still a robust market,” says Smith.

R

A

re

K

p

Jim Barnes is a contributing editor to On-Site.

Residential keeps on ticking Housing starts in Canada show

demographic changes including a

units in 2015 and 67,000 and 83,000

ongoing health, despite increases

decrease in the size of the 25-34 year

units in 2016, a decline from 2013.

in household debt ratios and the

old segment (typical first-time buyers)

Total multi-unit starts over the 2014

potential for higher interest rates.

and pending mortgage rate increases

to 2016 period are expected to remain

“We have had strong levels of activity

(possibly at the end of 2015). At pres-

comparable to levels observed in 2013.

recently, and we think that is going

ent, Dugan notes there are above-

A significant downside risk would

to continue,” says Bob Dugan, chief

average inventories of completed,

be a shock to the global economy that

economist, Canada Mortgage and

unsold units in the market.

causes substantial unemployment in

Housing Corporation, Ottawa.

The fundamentals remain strong,

CMHC’s most recent Housing Market

Canada. Since many Canadians have

Outlook was released in the fourth

relatively high ratios of debt to income

he says. Mortgage rates will remain

quarter of 2014. On an annual basis,

and a large proportion of their net

low, the job market is strengthening

it calls for housing starts to range

worth in real estate, they may be

and net immigration to Canada’s

between 172,800 and 204,000 units in

trying to liquidate housing

major urban centres remains high.

2015 and 168,000 units and 205,800

in a soft market to pay their bills.

However, acting as a drag on growth are rapid increases in home prices in the large urban centres,

units in 2016.

Single-detached starts are expected to range between 70,400 and 83,600

“If the financial crisis taught us anything, it’s the importance of liquidity,” says Dugan.

Cl

Loc kub

22 / DECEMBER 2014

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PICKUP TRUCKS

Mean Yet Lean

Full-size pickup trucks are getting tougher, but improved fuel economy remains a highlight for most.

I

BY BILL ROEBUCK

t’s getting to be a whole new world for full-size pickup trucks.

Last year, almost every pickup manufacturer introduced newly redesigned or refreshed models, and the changeover continues for the 2015 models now on the market.

With full-size pickups generally guzzling the most fuel of all the models in each company's lineup of cars, crossovers, SUVs and trucks, the focus of most the updates has been to improve fuel efficiency. Manufacturers are doing this mainly by improving exterior aerodynamics, using the latest powertrain technologies, and by reducing vehicle weight through the use of new materials.

On top of this, some pickup interiors are becoming more carlike, with better soundproofing and more comfort and convenience features. One example is the Ram 1500 pickup, which received a Ward’s 10 Best Interior Award for its 2014 redesign. The Ram is the only full-size truck ever to get that award.

Noteworthy features that are becoming common in the latest pickups are dampened tailgates that don’t crash down when you open them; step-assists to make it easier to climb into the cargo bed; and safety features like backup cameras, forward collision and lane departure warning technology. Plus, you're likely to find Bluetooth, as well as advanced radio and navigation systems.

Since 70 per cent of the full-size pickup trucks sold in Canada are half-ton versions (usually designated as 150 or 1500 models),

this update focuses on those models. Heavy-duty three-quarterton and one-ton models (250/350 or 2500/3500) make up the remaining 30 per cent. If you regularly tow more than 4,536 kg (10,000 lb.), you'll want to investigate the heavy-duty models.

FORDI Ford has been getting a lot of attention this year for the all-new design of its 2015 F-150, which boasts a mostly aluminum body instead of steel to save weight. While some manufacturers have used aluminum components in the past—such as for hoods—this is the first comprehensive use of the lightweight metal in a pickup body.

Each model in the 2015 F-150 lineup benefits from up to 317 kg (700 lb.) of weight savings through the use of high-strength steel in the frame and high-strength, military-grade, aluminum alloy in the body. As a result, the new F-150 can tow up to 500 more kg (1,100 lb.) and haul up to 240 more kg (530 lb.) than the previous model, all with better fuel economy.

Several features debut in the new F-150, including 11 classexclusive options. These include exterior cameras to create a 360degree bird’s-eye view of the truck to help drivers park, manoeuvre in tight spots or navigate narrow roads and trails; integrated loading ramps for easy loading of ATVs, motorcycles or mowers; and a trailer hitch assist that uses a rear-view camera that incorporates a

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Ford F-150 XL

Onserisci riat. Onse Ut ra volo

“

GENERAL MOTORSI dynamic line based on the steering wheel angle Some pickup A new eight-speed automatic transmission will in the display to help line up the truck and trailer interiors are becoming be standard on 2015 Chevrolet Silverado and with no spotter or need to exit the vehicle.

GMC Sierra models equipped with the 6.2-litre There are four engine options. The 2.7-litre more car-like, with EcoTec3 V8. The GM-developed Hydra-Matic EcoBoost V6 has standard Auto Start-Stop, and better soundproofing 8L90 eight-speed is about the same size and produces 325 hp and 375 lb.-ft. of torque. With weight as the Hydra-Matic 6L80 six-speed autoa maximum payload rating of 1,021 kg (2,250 and more comfort matic. Its 7.0 overall gear ratio spread is wider lb.) and maximum tow rating of 3,855 kg (8,500 and convenience than GM’s six-speed automatic transmissions, lb.), Ford says this engine offers the mid-range providing a numerically higher first gear ratio requirements that meet the needs of more than features. to help drivers start off more confidently with a 90 per cent of light-duty truck customers. heavy load or when trailering. The 8L90 also enThe 3.5-litre twin-turbo EcoBoost produces 420 ables numerically lower rear axle ratios, which reduce engine rpm lb.-ft. of torque and 365 hp to enable towing of up to 5,533 kg (12,200 on the highway. lb.)—more than enough to handle a fully loaded, three-horse trailer or General Motors completely redesigned its mechanically-twin large boat. It has a maximum payload rating of 1,442 kg (3,180 lb.).

Chevrolet Silverado 1500 and GMC Sierra 1500 half-ton models The 5.0-litre V8 offers 385 hp and 387 lb.-ft. of torque, and for 2014, and the redesign has been applied to the heavy-duty towing capability is up by 500 kg (1,100 lb.) to a maximum 4,989 models for 2015. kg (11,100 lb.), and payload is increased to 1,496 kg (3,300 lb.).

Last year, GM made hundreds of improvements, large and small.

The fourth engine option is a 3.5-litre V6 that produces 283 Among them are a trio of all-new EcoTec3 engines, a V6 and two hp and 255 lb.-ft. of torque, with a maximum payload of 866 kg V8s; a stronger, quieter and more comfortable cab; a new interior (1,910 lb.) and a maximum tow rating of 3,447 kg (7,600 lb.), with features and connectivity tailored to truck customers; revised high ratings for a V6 light-duty pickup truck. steering, suspension and brakes for improved ride and handling; Five primary trims are available and include XL, XLT, Lariat, and enhanced solutions for managing cargo in the bed.

Platinum and King Ranch.

”

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PICKUP TRUCKS

GMC Sierra Denali

With 420 hp and 460 lb.-ft. of torque, the 6.2-litreEcoTec3 V8 is the most powerful engine offered in any light-duty pickup, and offers a maximum available trailer rating of 5,443 kg (12,000 lb.). As with other EcoTec3 engines, it seamlessly switches to four-cylinder operation under lighter loads to improve fuel economy.

These trucks also offer optional safety features such as forward collision alert, lane departure warning with an active safety seat, and front and rear park assist. StabiliTrak with trailer sway control and hill start assist are standard.

Models include a crew cab, regular cab model and double cab, in seven trim levels. The crew cabs are available with a 6 ft.-6 in. box in addition to a 5 ft.-8 in. box, enabling crews to carry more cargo while still being able to park in many garages.

Focussing on function, GM added step-in assist depressions in the corners of the rear bumper to make it easier to climb into the bed. The tailgate is damped too, so it can be lowered and raised using just one hand, which is ideal when your other hand is holding tools or supplies.

High-strength steel is used in the frames to provide strength with less weight. Aluminum alloys have been used to reduce the weight of engines, front suspension components, hoods and other parts. GM is also reportedly developing an aluminum-body pickup for the 2019 model year.

Chrysler Ram

According to the Vincentric Canada Best Value in Canada awards, the 2014 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 has the lowest operating costs in the full-size half-ton pickup segment.

RAM TRUCKI Chrysler got the jump on its Detroit-based cousins by redesigning its Ram pickup for the 2013 model year, with a highlight being the first to offer a fuel-saving eight-speed automatic transmission (compared to five- or six-speed versions on competitors).

Ram is also the only model in Canada that offers a diesel engine in a half-ton pickup. The 3.0-litre EcoDiesel V6

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Introducing the Sprinter 4x4.

Starting at $49,900.* Sometimes getting to the job site is work itself. That’s why we’re introducing Canada’s only 4-wheel drive commercial van — the Sprinter 4x4. Activated at the push of a button, the Sprinter 4x4 uses the 4ETS feature to electronically control individual wheels, giving these cargo vans some serious ground-gripping power when you need it. See what it’s made of at Sprinter4x4.ca.

/mbcanadasprinter

/mbcanadasprinter

/mbcsprinter

©2014 Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc. *National MSRP is shown and is intended for information purposes only. Prices do not include taxes, levies, fees, freight and delivery charges, insurance and licence fees, as well as any other products or services not listed that may be available to you through your selected Mercedes-Benz dealership. Vehicle prices subject to change. Dealer may sell for less. These prices do not apply in provinces with total/all-in pricing requirements. Please contact your local dealership directly for exact pricing details and total pricing applicable in those provinces.

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PICKUP TRUCKS

Toyota Tundra Platinum

“

produces 420 lb.-ft. of torque and up to 9,200 lb. of costs if they get damaged on the worksite. In adThe Ram truck towing capability, yet Chrysler claims it can dition, the fenders and wheel wells have been brand set an all-time squared-off to provide a sturdier appearance. achieve a highway fuel economy rating of 7.1 L/100 km (40 mpg) and a city rating of 10.7 With the refresh came a new bed and tailgate monthly sales record L/100 km (28 mpg) when equipped with rearwith an integrated spoiler that helps with fuel efin October 2014, wheel drive and the eight-speed transmission. ficiency. Suspension enhancements were made Other fuel-saving features include a stop-start to improve ride quality over harsh surfaces. Also, marking its 23rd system, thermal management system, pulseseveral interior upgrades were made to improve month of consecutive seating and storage, and to reduce cabin noise. width modulation and active aerodynamics, including grille shutters and an air suspension.

Regarding safety, Tundras include a standard year-over-year sales Other available engines include the 5.7-litre backup camera on all grades. A blind spot monitor gains in Canada.

Hemi V8 and the Pentastar V6, both gasolinewith rear cross traffic alert is offered as an option. powered.

The Toyota Tundra is available in 10 models.

The Ram truck brand set an all-time monthly sales record in New for 2015, the TRD Off-Road Tundra model is now available as October 2014, marking its 23rd month of consecutive year-overa Limited grade in both Double Cab and CrewMax configurations, year sales gains in Canada. providing it with more features, comfort and utility.

”

TOYOTAI Although Toyota's Tundra full-size pickup was refreshed for 2014, you won’t see a major redesign of it until the 2016 model year.

Last year's all-new front design integrates the hood and grille for a chiselled image. The grille is taller, visually connecting the upper air intake to the lower bumper. The front and rear lower bumpers have a three-piece design, allowing for lower replacement

NISSANI For 2015, Nissan is again offering the Titan pickup in King Cab and Crew Cab body styles with a choice of 4x4 and 4x2 drive configurations and two bed lengths. The full-size pickup is available in four models—S, SV, PRO-4X and SL. The Titan is built on Nissan's F-Alpha pickup platform, featuring a 5.6-litre DOHC Endurance V8 engine. A five-speed

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WHAT WE DO IS GROUNDBREAKING BECAUSE WHAT YOU DO IS BACKBREAKING. With best-in-class capabilities across the board, the all-new 2015 Super Duty delivers the power, towing and efciency your job demands. So no matter what you put it through, you can count on Canada’s best-selling work truck† to pull through.

BEST-IN-CLASS:* 31,200 LBS. MAX. TOWING | 860 LB-FT OF TORQUE | 440 HORSEPOWER | DIESEL FUEL EFFICIENCY

FORD.CA

Vehicle may be shown with optional equipment. *Class is Full-Size Pickups over 8,500 lbs. GVWR vs. 2014/2015 competitors. Max. horsepower of 440 and max. torque of 860 lb-ft on 2015 F-250/F-350 with available 6.7L Power Stroke® V8 diesel engine. Maximum towing capacity of 31,200 lbs., when properly equipped. Best-in-class diesel fuel consumption: Class is Full-Size Pickups over 3,856 kg (8,500 lbs) GVWR. Based on Ford simulated city-suburban drive-cycle tests of comparably equipped 2015 Ford and 2011–2013 competitive models, consistent with SAE Standard J1321. Actual fuel consumption will vary. †Based on IHS Automotive: Polk Canadian Total New Registration data for vehicles over 8000 lbs. for January 2013 – February 2014. ©2014 Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited. All rights reserved.

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PICKUP TRUCKS

automatic transmission is standard. The company says it was designed especially for heavy-duty truck use, with an emphasis on towing.

Enhancements made to the Titan for 2015 include a revised interior door panel design and materials, a driver seat power adjustable lumbar support on captain chair models, and two new exterior coloursâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Artic Blue Metallic and Magnetic Black.

Nissan reportedly has plans to introduce an optional diesel engine for the Titan under a new partnership with Cummins, possibly for the 2015 model year.

Last year, Nissan gave its Titan full-size pickup an updated tailgate design with an aerodynamic rear spoiler and integrated rear view camera that is standard on all but the base S model.

The long-wheelbase model features a range-topping 7-ft. bed

Nissan Titan

with the Crew Cab body configuration. The Titan has wide-open rear doors in the King Cab that open nearly 180 degrees for unobstructed rear cab access, and an optional high-utility bed that includes a factory-applied spray-on bedliner, a Utili-track tie-down system and an integrated, lockable bedside storage compartment. The bedside storage bin is designed to hold common truck items such as work gloves, chains, ropes, road flares, a first aid kit or a hitch ball. The compartment is double-sealed to help prevent the intrusion of water and dust and uses the ignition key for unlocking. The truck bed also features a 120-volt outlet, except on the S model.

The truck continues to be powered by an all-aluminum 5.6-litre V8 engine that has been in use since 2007. It is rated at 317 hp and 385 lb.-ft. of torque. Maximum towing capacity, when properly equipped, is up to 9,500 lb. for the King Cab and 9,400 lb. for the Crew Cab.

Bill Roebuck is a member of the Automobile Journalists Association of Canada (AJAC), which produces the annual Canadian Car of the Year and Utility Vehicle of the Year awards.

Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com.

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BIM

COMING TO TERMS WITH A TECHNOLOGY THAT CHANGES EVERYTHING

B

BY JACOB STOLLER uilding Information Modeling (BIM) software has been in the construction industry for approximately a decade.

However, while its potential impact is unprecedented, adoption has been surprisingly slow.

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BIM

challenge “ The is that BIM changes everything about construction documents— what they are, how they are used and how they are created.

”

While many contractors are enthusiastic about the concept, the road to BIM implementation is littered with carnage—firms who had no idea what they were getting into. The challenge is that BIM changes everything about construction documents—what they are, how they are used and how they are created.

“People thought they were buying software, and they weren’t,” explains Josh Oakley, founder of Atlanta-based BIM consulting firm ANGL, LLC. “They were buying change. And this is a traditional industry that doesn’t like change.”

Many firms that start on the BIM path are contractors that are only doing so because owners are demanding it. “The main motivation is winning work,” says Oakley. “Most of our clients come to us because they have a big interview, or they’re going after a big job, and have to show BIM capability.”

Canadian owners are less inclined to force the issue, according to Michael Rotolo, technology consultant for Vaughan, Ont.-based SolidCAD, a software reseller and consultancy. “I tell my clients we’re 10 years behind Europe, and five years behind the US, and in Ontario, we’re three years behind Vancouver.”

There are still relatively few vendors. Revit, the BIM offering from AutoDesk, is the most familiar in Canadian firms. Sketch Up, formerly from Google and now sold by Trimble Navigation Ltd., and Graphisoft’s ArchiCAD are also popular.

For prospective adopters, there’s good news and bad news. On one hand, the technology entry bar is not high—many of the early adopters, according to Rotolo, were smaller firms that wanted to gain an early advantage over their larger peers.

The rub is that adoption calls for fundamental reinvention of many job functions in the construction industry.

Here are four reasons why BIM is a big deal for contractors:

1.

BIM redefines the construction document.

A BIM file is a data-rich model that contains both graphic components used to generate 2D or 3D images, plus a rich store of non-graphic information not found in conventional drawings. A file, therefore contains all details about the structure, and location/capabilities of all building systems. If a

last-minute structural change is required, contractors can quickly alter the model without interfering with utilities.

Drawings, either 2D or 3D, are really subsets of something much larger. “The value is the information behind all that. Visualization is only part of it,” says Oakley.

2.

BIM changes how construction documents are used.

The rich store of information in BIM files makes life easier for anybody for whose work is governed by drawings, including estimators, schedulers, supervisors, and facility managers.

“The construction industry is now re-thinking what to do with these models,” says Rotolo. “Originally it was for initial design, and perhaps creating construction documentation. But now they’re seeing that it can be used for estimation, procurement, scheduling, and also to create more accurate asbuilts of the facility when the hand off is given to the owner later on.”

There is also some movement towards I-BIM, or infrastructure Building Information Modelling. In Canada adoption has been slow, but the TTC subway extension between Black Creek Pioneer Village Station and Finch Station, is a good example of a major infrastructure project that recently used BIM throughout the entire construction process.

3.

BIM changes how construction documents are created.

Many expect that creating BIM documents will be similar to CAD. This couldn’t be further from the truth.

“People say we’re just going from CAD to BIM,” says Oakley. “I would argue that it’s nothing like that. With CAD, you’re just digitizing lines, which is really the same thing as a drawing. With BIM, we’re making a transition from lines to a database.”

Familiarity with software like AutoCAD can actually be a hindrance to acquiring BIM skills. “It is easier for me to teach a non-AutoCAD person Revit than it is to teach an AutoCAD person, because they haven’t acquired the wrong habits.”

BIM is designed to create quick, rough models that are then revised to include all the specifics.

For example, a designer might start with a “dumb

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looking” wall, and then revise it to include thicknesses, materials, and other details. Instead of drawing with the software, the designer actually instructs the computer to draw—a departure from the hands-on mindset of creating drawings.

This could change how design firms operate.

“There used to be two distinct divisions, the designer and the CAD operator,” says Rotolo. “With BIM, those are the same person.”

The other challenge is that a BIM document is capable of containing information that designers haven't provided in the past. “The caveat here is that the designers are not thinking with regard to quantities for estimation, so they’ll build the model to a point that’s to their needs, and it may not include all the details required for a construction management firm to consume,” says Rotolo.

4.

BIM changes business relationships.

A data-rich BIM model is a valuable asset that can lead to more accurate estimates, smoother jobsite management, and a seamless handoff to facilities managers and building owners. The question is: who does the work to gather that information?

“Now, there’s a big argument out there,” says Rotolo. “The companies that are getting into Revit say the owner and construction manager aren’t paying them enough to make the model perfect.”

To address this, some design firms are providing the addition of materials, quantities, and other details as a value-added, chargeable service.

MOVING FORWARD The road to BIM is no walk in the park. Firms considering it need to think not how they’re going to learn a new software, but how they’re going to change the way they run their company.

Here are some tips for getting started: • Decide how you are going to use the information that BIM documents contain. This could vary considerably according to your size, line of business, and desired relationship with other businesses.

• Gather information about the various BIM options, with a view to what matches your needs most closely. Find a trusted peer in your industry who has experience with BIM. • Get executive level support. This is not just

technology adoption, but a major business decision.

• Be transparent. This is not something that you should be downplaying to avoid stirring the waters. This is a big deal, period.

• Seeing is believing. People only get a real understanding of BIM when they’ve experienced its capabilities, so pilots are essential for discovering what the impact will be in your construction firm.

• Be prepared for the long haul. Oakley recommends allowing 18 to 24 months in most cases.

• Undersell and over deliver. Don’t hype the possibilities—this is going to take more effort than most people expect, and the transition will not be painless.

BIM, even after 10 years, is not about to happen overnight. 2D drawings are still the legal standard, but many of Canada’s leading construction firms have embraced BIM, such as PCL, EllisDon, Aecon, Graham Group and Bird Construction to name a few.

Robolo feels the question is not if, but when the rest of the industry adopts BIM. “I feel that in the next five to 10 years, all new construction will incorporate many BIM processes,” he says.

Jacob Stoller is principal of Toronto-based consultancy Stoller Strategies. Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com

on-sitemag.com / 33

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Come to World of Concrete, roll up your sleeves and try your hand at the year’s newest products, equipment and services.

Technology, training, resources and ideas—zoom in at the industry’s only annual international event designed specifically for commercial concrete and masonry professionals.

A selected participant in the International Buyer Program

31-34_BIM.indd 34

www.worldofconcrete.com Source Code: OS

14-11-28 2:38 PM

DECEMBER 2014

Product testing & verification INDUSTRY CALLS FOR A SHIFT IN THE WAY CONCRETE SPECIFICATIONS ARE HANDLED PG.41 IN THIS ISSUE: www.on-sitemag.com 36 CRMCA Column

35_CON-Cover.indd 35

| 38 CAC in favour of alternative fuels | 44 WOC Preview

14-11-28 3:43 PM

S

Fo m tu th tr 60 ca

IMPROVING SEASONAL LOAD RESTRICTIONS

A

s we head into another frosty Canadian winter, many contractors are already looking ahead to the spring thaw. And for good reason. The construction industry is challenged by seasonal load restrictions (SLRs) that are imposed on road infrastructure by municipalities to limit damage as the soil returns to normal conditions.

These restrictions have been in place for years and they limit the amount of axle loading a transportation vehicle can transfer to an affected roadway. The restrictions are imposed on roads deemed to have a subgrade that is susceptible to frost and where there is a history of significant movement of the subgrade that degrades the road.

The concerns with the restrictions and the reasons for them vary from municipality to municipality. Some cities put the signs up as part of an annual maintenance schedule, even though the winter weather has not dictated significant frost penetration and therefore does not distress the road. Most municipalities will allow for short-term permits at an additional cost. This permit process is not always clear on how to obtain or what rationale can be used for getting a permit, except to pay an additional fee.

Another issue that arises is whose responsibility is it to obtain the permit. The general contractor is obligated under his contractual arrangement to complete the work in the scheduled time frame, so he should plan for this based on the location and schedule. In most cases the general contractor will rely on his subcontractors to obtain the necessary permits.

Another issue that creates an uneven playing field is enforcement varies from municipality to municipality. Some cities are large enough to have their own enforcement, while others rely on transportation ministries or provincial police force.

SLRs plague the ready mixed concrete industry because theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re viewed as heavy equipment by the nature of their trucks and are easily identifiable as they proceed down a restricted road. Other vehicles that supply the same job site often avoid permits, as theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re not questioned in the same way. This creates an uneven playing field and puts the ready-mix industry in an illegal position should they follow the lead of other industries.

Our own industry has for years interpreted the SLR as half a load, which on average for a ready mix truck implies four instead of eight metres. In Ontario, based on the loading of 5,000 kilograms per axle, the standard truck can barely carry one metre of concrete.

In some provinces they are a percentage of the allowable axle load.

In the case of a ready mix truck without an exemption permit, at

No th

1.

one metre per load a normal 32-metre pour would require 32 trips instead of the usual four based on an eight-metre truck. On the surface this complies with the regulations, but does it make sense to have eight times as many trips on the road that you are trying to minimize damage to?

Uneven enforcement leaves the ready-mix industry at a disadvantage and creates higher loading on the roadways in question.

A corollary impact is the increased affect on the environment by more fuel usage and CO2 emissions.

To address these concerns the Ready Mixed Concrete Association of Ontario hired a consultant to look at the loading characteristics of the industry with respect to new equipment and the actual impact on the roads during the restricted seasons. The evaluation concludes that going to a 6,500 kilogram per axle standard creates less fatigue cracking than the current 5,000 kilogram per axle. This allowance would increase the actual limitation on a standard ready mix truck to four metres per load instead of eight. The report also explains the savings related to the jobsite in terms of travel and additional labour imposed by travelling around restricted roadways.

The last key element is the estimate of environmental impacts; including the reduction of CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions should a higher axle allowance be used. The report has been structured in the form of a toolkit that members in Ontario can use to contact their local municipality and present their case for a relaxation of the SLR based on facts. The toolkit explains who to contact and how the process of presenting the information should be handled.

It is hoped that through this process, successful examples of permits of the new allowance can be documented and provide a series of case studies for the industry to further its technical argument across Ontario and the rest of Canada.

Provided by the Canadian Ready-Mixed Concrete Association.

Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com

36 / DECEMBER 2014

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SOLUTIONS DELIVERED

@PANAMA CANAL

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CEMENT

CAC in favour of using

alternative fuels to reduce

greenhouse gases PATRICK CALLAN

T

he Cement Association of Canada (CAC) supports the Ontario government’s renewed commitment to develop new alternative fuel rules by the end of the year to help large scale energy industries reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The commitment is part of Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne’s mandate letter to Environment and Climate Change Minister Glen Murray, and is a key element of her government’s plan for Moving Forward on Climate Change. The plan sets out a climate change strategy to achieve significant greenhouse gas reduction levels by 2020 through a number of key initiatives.

“As Minister of the Environment and Climate Change, you will continue to focus your attention on ensuring clean air, water and land. You will also work with industry, stakeholders and the public to achieve compliance with environmental standards and you will establish a new long-term climate change strategy,” says Wynne, in her directions to Murray.

His priorities include: making sure climate change is taken into account in the government decision-making process, to work with other provinces and territories to develop a Canadian Energy Strategy, and to develop new alternative fuel rules in 2014 to help big, energy-intensive industries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

The CAC believes Wynne’s commitment to complete the regulation by the end of this year suggests the government is making this one of its top priorities.

“Premier Wynne’s government is demonstrating leadership on climate change, promoting solutions that are good for both the environment and the economy,” says Michael McSweeney, president and CEO of the CAC. “We look forward to working with Minister Murray and the environmental community to continue our industry’s progress on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other air pollutants.”

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Shifting to lower-carbon fuels is the single most effective mechanism to achieve these emissions reductions, according to the CAC. Bringing Ontario’s regulatory framework for alternative fuels in line with leading practices globally will help bridge the gap with Europe and other jurisdictions (where fuel substitution rates are more than 10 times higher) and make a significant contribution to Ontario’s greenhouse gas reductions goal.

“Any greenhouse gas produced anywhere in the world is bad. We believe that every member of society, every government, every industry should do their part to reduce greenhouse gases,” says McSweeney.

and there will be a 60-day public consultation period before new alternative fuel rules are put in place, most likely in early 2015.

The CAC estimates these changes will remove more than 500,000 tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by 2020.

Premier Wynne’s “ government is demonstrating leadership on climate change, promoting solutions that are good for both the environment and the economy.

”

“In Canada, our industry has primarily used coal as a fuel and we have an opportunity to use low carbon fuels the way many other jurisdictions do around the world in order to reduce our coal use, our greenhouse gases, and continue to try and do our part to produce cleaner air sheds where our facilities operate.”

Adam Auer, director of sustainability for the CAC, says in Ontario they are looking at using construction and demolition waste as alternative fuels—capturing waste wood, shingles, and even railway ties that have gone past their useful life. “We have seen some potential for plastics as well, usually residual plastics from the recycling stream,” he said.

“In Toronto, in particular, they allow plastics in their organics collection process so that’s another potential source of fuel. We’re looking at anything that has a calorific value that can’t be recycled that’s otherwise destined for the landfill.”

In addition to the government, the CAC is working with several environmental groups

Equipment | Diamond Tools | Innovation | Support

Indoor Booth# C4303

Outdoor Booth# O30272

2077 Bond Street • North Bay, Ontario P1B 4V7 • T 800-461-9589 • F 800-825-0028 • www.husqvarnacp.ca Copyright © 2014 Husqvarna AB (publ.). All rights reserved. Husqvarna is a registered trademark of Husqvarna AB (publ.).

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CONCRETE SPECIFICATIONS

PRODUCT TESTING AND VERIFICATION Industry calls for a shift in the way concrete specifications are handled

C

BY ROSS MONSOUR

ommissioning and verifying delivered specifications is a key element of any construction process. It allows for a level of quality assurance that the product specified was indeed provided, and creates the basis for payment during various stages of construction.

The concrete industry has long been judged on its specifications, which normally entail reaching a required strength.

This is typical for most concrete work with the exception of specialty projects that may involve architectural finishes and unique designs. The methods of testing for this verification are based on the CSA A23.1/2 -2014 Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction/Test Methods and Standard Practices for Concrete.

Even as there is movement towards performance specifications, the methods of sampling and testing remain a key component of the hardened concrete testing.

of trust, potential replacement costs, fines and penalties, it gets incredibly expensive very quickly.

The concrete industry has no control over the testing for product verification, as the general contractor is the usual client of the testing agency and has control over the performance of his quality assurance or control group. Some testing agencies will not address the concerns of the producer as their contract is with the general contractor. Therefore if field sampling is not done in accordance with the CSA standard, the results may lead to the challenge process, whether they were done correctly or not. In order to protect himself, the concrete producer must take coincidental cylinders if a testing companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s break is to low and may even have to document the quality control on the site.

Industry has taken steps to change the dynamics of these

TRICKY TESTING Field sampling and transportation have always been an issue in the concrete business. Samples must be prepared and handled very carefully due to the cylinders being in the plastic state and must be simulated in their curing until it reaches the hardened state for testing. Any undue vibration or poor sampling procedures may result in strength testing that is not representative of what is in the structure. If this discrepancy is created and cylinder breaks are not within the prescribed specification, the long arduous task of assigning blame results in poor customer relations, distrust in the material supplied and ultimately economic hardship in the form of non-payment.

There are methodologies in place to challenge the results, but this circle of questioning the specification versus the material supplied is complicated. If you start adding up the additional costs of coring for proof, man-hours on both sides of the argument, lack

Concrete testing must be done very precisely or the results may not be representative of whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s in the structure.

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Se

CONCRETE SPECIFICATIONS

being proposed is called product verification. This simply means that the shift in responsibility for concrete quality assurance, will be taken off the back of the chute, and will become part of the concrete producerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s delivery responsibility. The producer would now hire the third-party testing agency and have control over how to conduct the tests and field sampling. This is a huge change in the concrete construction process. It is currently being reviewed at all levels.

In looking at the various aspects, the owner will still receive the test results from the same testing agency and will still define the concrete testing. Also, the owner may still conduct his own quality assurance program if there are trust issues until the process is well understood by all parties.

Any undue vibration or poor sampling â&#x20AC;&#x153; procedures may result in strength testing that is not representative of what is in the structure.

â&#x20AC;?

arrangements by making policy statements to the effect that results obtained from only American Concrete Institute (ACI) certified technicians or CSA certified technicians are accepted by the industry. This has led to an increase in training for field certified people but has had minimal impact on the results. Pre-job meetings that outline the concrete tester and the requirements for concrete specifications have become more common, but the plans that result from these meetings need to be enforced.

A third major step was to develop an Internet portal that would be administered by the testing companies and could provide real time data transfer to all parties in an attempt to avoid future problems.

To date it has had very low uptake as the testing companies have concerns with the logistics and the costs. The last attempt was to run a joint program with a major owner, the testing agencies and the concrete industry, but it never got off the ground.

Benefits to the contractor will include a single source for the testing, quick turnaround on the testing, and the producer is now confirming his material through a third party. Concerns are raised about the perceived loss of control and acceptance or rejection of loads. The testing company will see a strong demand for the proper testing, increased amount of testing, better business relationships and a level playing field. Some of their concerns see this as substantive change to the business model and an increase in the liability of the firm.

Consultants providing quality assurance plans see this as a way to minimize improper testing, confirming performance for the supplier and a uniform industry response. Some of their concerns are around perceived conflict of interest, access to the data, cost increases and existing business relationships.

The concrete producer views a lot of positives with this approach.

Stronger direction and control over the actual testing procedures will receive 100 per cent of the data, less issues with the testing agencies, as well as shorter response time and mix design optimization. However, there remain concerns with the additional scheduling, frequency of testing, additional liability, and whether or not they will have industry support or bidding issues.

Several owners are very enthusiastic about this new product verification and want to implement it today. However, as with any significant shift in the industry, a well thought out plan and strategic implementation will help to guarantee long-term success.

PRODUCT VERIFICATION Industry has come to realize that a shift in the way projects are run, with respect to concrete specifications, is needed. The process

This article was contributed by the Canadian Ready-Mixed Concrete Association. Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com

42 / DECEMBER 2014

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Stop

by

O op of pa pa bo

See the New GOMACO G+® Controls at World of Concrete

Visit with the GOMACO 3D Team at World of Concrete about your 3D paving needs.

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CONCRETE STREETS AND HIGHWAYS ❘ AIRPORT RUNWAYS ❘ CURB AND GUTTER ❘ SIDEWALKS RECREATIONAL TRAILS ❘ SAFETY BARRIER ❘ BRIDGE PARAPET ❘ BRIDGE DECKS ❘ IRRIGATION CANALS GOMACO CORPORATION IN IDA GROVE, IOWA, USA ❘ 800-831-2320

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WOC 2015

SPECIAL EVENTS: • Hoover Dam & Bypass Bridge Tour • Safe Room Showcase • MOOSHA OSHA 10-Hour Concrete/Masonry Construction Safety Program • THENG Sustainable Concrete Strategies • Train the Trainer Courses

After more than four decades, World of Concrete is still the only annual international event dedicated to supporting concrete and masonry construction professionals. To be held February 2 to 6 at the Las Vegas Convention Center, WOC will once again showcase innovative products, construction machinery, safety training courses, and new technologies designed to help you grow your business.

WOC will bring together more than 50,000 industry professionals, 1,300 exhibitors, and 90+ speakers from around the world. In addition to hands-on product demonstrations and speaker presentations, attendees can also participate in:

EXHIBITS: • World of Masonry • Technology for Construction • Material Handling • Repair & Demolition • Producer Center • Concrete Surfaces & Decorative

COMPETITIONS: • Spec Mix Bricklayer 500 World Championship • International Masonry Skills Challenge • Western Star Tough Site Challenge • Most Innovative Products Contest • Crane Operator & Rigger Skills Competition • Crews That Rock • John Deere Operator Challenge

For more detailed information visit www.worldofconcrete.com

GRAND CONCOURSE

SOUTH HALL, LEVEL 1

• Aisles S10100-13300 • Concrete Repair and Demolition • Concrete Surfaces & Decorative

• Luckys Restaurant

• Badge Pickup (Mon-Fri)

• Badged Entrance Only

World of Masonry

Escalator

Badge Pickup (Mon-Fri)

pair

& De

LOBBY Drop Off & Pick Up

• Meeting Rooms S219-S233 • Exhibitor Meeting Rooms • Luncheons & Forums

moli

Deco

TFC

SOUTH HALL MEETING ROOMS, LEVEL 2

tion

rative

World of Concrete

ces &

Escalator

World of Concrete

• Walkway Between Westgate & North Hall

• Walkway Between Central and South Halls

Surfa

• Aisles N200-N3000 • The Producer Center • World of Masonry

• Meeting Rooms N101-N120, N201-N264 • World of Concrete Seminars • Press Room • Press Conference Room • Show Office • MCAA Office (N215) & Sessions (N208-N212) • Education Office / Speaker Ready Room

• Aisles C3000-C7100 • Material Handling

rete Conc

NORTH HALL

CENTRAL HALL

Hoover Dam Door 9 Pick-Up

te Re ncre

MAIN & UPPER LEVEL MEETING ROOMS

Co

February 3-6, 2015; Seminars: 2-6 Las Vegas Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada www.worldofconcrete.com

WORLD OF CONCRETE 2015 EDUCATION PROGRAM

Kick some tires, grow your business

Registration

• CC LIVE! Booth • 2016 Rebook Office (See website for hours Mon-Fri) • International Business Center

Drop Off ONLY

• Aces Restaurant Westagte Hotel & Casino

The Producer Center

Monorail Station

• Skywalk between Gold Lot and North Hall

GOLD LOT

• Competitions & Challenges • Parking • WOC Certification/Training Area

CONCRETE SURFACES DECORATIVE PAVILION • Artistry in Decorative Concrete • Aisles O40300-O41000 Architectural Praxis 2.0

OUTDOOR EXHIBITS & DEMONSTRATIONS • Aisles O30000-O32200

NORTH MEETING ROOMS UPPER LEVEL

Renaissance Hotel

• World of Concrete Seminars • Meeting Rooms N252-N264 • CIM Auction, N262

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BUSINESS & PROJECT MANAGEMENT

DECORATIVE CONCRETE

CONCRETE FLOORS & SLABS

CONCRETE REPAIR

CONCRETE PRODUCTION

CONCRETE FUNDAMENTALS

to WOC Exhibitors contributing equipment and materials used in hands-on training.

SPECIAL APPRECIATION

• TUAAP Adhesive Anchor 1-Hr Perf Exam Tuesday, 10:00 am – 2:00 pm

• TUAAW Adhesive Anchor Written Exam Tuesday, 8:00 am – 9:30 am

MO401 ACI/CRSI Adhesive Anchor Installer Review Monday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm Werner Hellmer

8:00 am – 12:00 pm

WE29 Increasing Job Site Productivity— A Fifteen-Point Program Jim Adrian, Kristy Wolfe

TU27 NEW! How to Build & Grow a Construction Company that Always Makes a Profit George Hedley

• TUCIF Comm/Ind Written Exam Tuesday, 3:30 pm – 5:30 pm

• TUFPE Comm/Ind Performance Exam Tuesday, 7:00 am –1:00 pm

MO402 ACI Specialty Commercial/Industrial Concrete Flatwork Review Monday, 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm Jerry Holland, Bob Simonelli

1:00 pm – 5:00 pm

14-11-28 2:29 PM

Individual seminar certificates reflecting continuing education hours available online

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 4

WECR1 Wednesday, 12:00 pm – 3:45 pm WECR2 Wednesday, 1:45 pm – 5:30 pm

Concrete Repair Lab TUCR1 Tuesday, 12:00 pm – 3:45 pm TUCR2 Tuesday, 1:45 pm – 5:30 pm

• TUCPE Written Exam Tuesday, 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm

TU403 ACPA Concrete Pump Operator Safety Training Tuesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm Les Ainsworth

8:00 am – 12:00 pm

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3

• THFTP 2-Hr Field Testing Perf Exam

• WEFTW Field Testing Written Exam Wednesday, 3:30 pm – 5:30 pm

• THCFF Flatwork Written Exam Thursday, 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm

WE406 ACI Concrete Flatwork Finisher/Technician Review Wednesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm Jerry Holland, Bob Simonelli

• THRPE Moisture Testing 1-Hr Perf Exam Thursday, 12:00 pm – 5:00 pm

• WERCE Recertification Written Exam Wednesday, 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm

• WECRT Moisture Testing Written Exam Wednesday, 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm

WE405 ICRI Slab Moisture Testing Technician Review Wednesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm Peter Craig, Scott Tarr

8:00 am – 12:00 pm

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 4

Opportunities for craftsmen, technicians, supervisors and inspectors to receive

for the construction professional

- click Education tab - select “Certifications & Exams” under IMPORTANT LINKS

See detailed descriptions at www.worldofconcrete.com

FR32 NEW! 25 Down-and-Dirty Ways to Increase Profits Leslie Shiner

FR24 Decorative Concrete Fundamentals of Polishing and Overlays Joe Reardon

FR18 Concrete Shrinkage—Solutions to a Growing Problem Scott Tarr

FR14 Repairing Concrete Cracks: Evaluation & Selection of Repair Methods Kim Basham

8:00 am – 11:00 am

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 6

INDUSTRY CERTIFICATIONS

• THTUS Tilt-Up Written Exam Thursday, 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm

TH407 TCA Tilt-Up Technician/Supervisor Review Thursday, 12:00 pm – 4:00 pm Shawn Hickey

12:00 pm – 4:00 pm

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5

Seminars • Luncheon Demonstrations

Thursday, Feb 5

ENGINEERING DAY

THSTS1 Thursday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm - Advanced Surveying

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5

TH31 NEW! How to Build a Strategic Plan for Your Small to Mid-Sized Business Jeff Stokes

TH30 NEW! LEAN Construction Principles: How to Integrate Clean, Simple & Profitable Tools Paul Akers, John Scheuer, Mark Larsen

TH23 NEW! Essential Strategies to Establishing a Successful Decorative Concrete Business Todd Scharich, Chris Becker

TH13 NEW! Advanced Concrete Repair for Contractors & Engineers—Structural Distress, Assessment & Solutions Chuck Larosche, Jay Thomas

TH09 Concrete Mix Design II: Adjusting with Aggregates and Admixtures Ken Hover

TH05 How to Handle Hot- and Cold-Weather Concreting Kim Basham

8:00 am – 11:00 am

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 5

ENGINEERING DAY

WOC 4-HOUR CERTIFICATION SEMINARS & EXAMS

WESC1 Wednesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm WEPTD1 Wednesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm WEPTD2 Wednesday, 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm

How to Place & Finish Floors TUPTD1 Tuesday, 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm

Surveying with Total Stations WESTS1 Wednesday, 8:00 am – 12:00 pm - Basics of Surveying for Beginners Stamped Concrete TUSC1 Tuesday, 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3

WOC HANDS-ON TRAINING

WE28 NEW! Cash Flow Management and Getting Paid Mike Clancy

See NEW Live Demonstrations below.

See NEW Live Demonstrations below.

TU26 NEW! The Not-So-Secret Sauce: 9 Essentials of Business Success Wally Adamchik

MO25 Essential Parts to a Successful Estimating System Charles Vander Kooi

WE22 Acid Staining: Advanced Techniques for Flawless Horizontal & Vertical Application Federico Jasso

WE17 Polishing Retail & Industrial Slabs—Design & Construction Best Practices Rick Smith

WE12 Concrete Repair Fundamentals II: Waterproofing & Corrosion Protection Peter Emmons, Jorge Costa

WE08 Concrete Mix Design I: Evaluation of Mixtures Ken Hover

WE04 NEW! Troubleshooting During and After Concrete Placement Michelle Wilson

8:00 am – 11:00 am

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 4

See NEW Live Demonstrations below.

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 2

See HANDS-ON TRAINING below.

TU21 Current Trends in Decorative Concrete: Product, Design, Performance & Potential Chris Sullivan

MO20 NEW! Step-by-Step Instructions for Producing High-Quality Precast Concrete Countertops Jeff Girard

MO19 Basics of Stamped Concrete: Texturing Options & Efficiencies Todd Scharich

TU11 Concrete Repair Fundamentals I: Surface Preparation, Reinforcement Repair, Material Selection & Placement Peter Emmons, James McDonald TU16 NEW! Combining Engineering & Laboratory Methods to Troubleshoot Problems with Slabs Kim Basham, David Rothstein

Tuesday & Wednesday Afternoons

Concrete Repair Lab

TU07 Effective Use of Chemical Admixtures in Concrete Construction Charles Nmai

MO06 NEW! Troubleshooting for the Concrete Producer Charles Nmai

See HANDS-ON TRAINING below.

TU03 Concrete Basics III: Curing, Effects of Weather & Hardened Concrete Properties Terry Holland

8:00 am – 11:00 am

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3

MO15 NEW! Proper Use of Slab Reinforcement Systems Jerry Holland

MO10 Troubleshooting Concrete Cracks: Understand and Minimize Cracking Kim Basham

MO01 Concrete Basics I: Concrete Mixtures, Materials & Fresh Properties Terry Holland, Jeff Groom

1:00 pm – 4:00 pm MO02 Concrete Basics II: Ordering, Making, Placing & Finishing Concrete Terry Holland, Jeff Groom

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 2

8:00 am – 11:00 am

WOC 3-HOUR SEMINARS

Seminar schedule is subject to change. Refer to the website for the most up-to-date information. Questions? Email seminars@worldofconcrete.com

WORLD OF CONCRETE 2015 EDUCATION PROGRAM

TU404 For a complete schedule of WOC seminars, certifications and exams visit: www.worldofconcrete.com ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician CERTIFICATE OF Grade I Review Tuesday, 1:00 pm – 5:00 pm COMPLETION Mitch Englestead

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WOC 2015

CT SHOWCASE PRODU Construction management software Dexter + Chaney’s Spectrum Construction Software is a fully web-based business, project, equipment and service management solution. The software is suitable for a range of clients, including heavy/highway and utility, general contractors, electrical, mechanical, and specialty subcontractors. It allows customers to work from anywhere on any device with a web browser and without the need to download software.

The customizable Spectrum dashboard expands access to all employees of companies that use Spectrum without the need to purchase additional licenses. Visit Dexter + Chaney at booth C4103. www.dexterchaney.com

Drill drivers

Medium-frame compact track loader Case Construction Equipment’s Tier 4 Final TR310 Alpha Series compact track loader (CTL) features wider tracks (15.75 in.), a greater overall width (74.3 in.) and lower ground pressure (5.0 psi) than other mediumframe CTLs in the Case lineup. The TR310 weighs in at 8,800 lb. with a rated operating capacity of 3,100 lb. and a bucket breakout force of 8,680 lb. The machine’s 74 hp, 232 ft.-lbs. of torque and increased hydraulic flow (standard 24.2 gpm; high-flow 32.4 gpm) make it ideal for construction applications.

Visit Case Construction Equipment at booth C5948. www.casece.com

The DDH181X drill driver from Bosch Power Tools features Active Response Technology, which allows contractors to tackle high-torque applications while reducing the risk of kickback. An integrated acceleration sensor limits the tool’s rotation by detecting sudden movements and cuts off motor current. The DDH181X is compatible with all Bosch 18V Lithium-Ion batteries, weighs five pounds or less, and measures less than nine in. in length. Visit Bosch Power Tools at booth O30412. www.boschtools.com

Gas-powered air compressor Doosan Portable Power has introduced its first gas-powered portable air compressor in the form of its most widely used model, the C185. The unit is used for a variety of applications, including powering handheld air tools, sandblasting, sprinkler and irrigation line blow-out, cable laying and pipeline testing. Powered by a 2.5-litre, fully electronic, fuel-injected Kubota engine, the C185 offers a comparable runtime of eight hours at full load. Visit Doosan Portable Power at booth O31629. www.doosanportablepower.com

Hydraulic mini excavators Caterpillar’s 305.5E2 mini hydraulic excavators are designed with a new high-definition hydraulic (HDH) system, which provides load sensing and flow sharing capabilities leading to operational precision, efficient performance and greater controllability.

The simple valve architecture reduces heat, which leads to a reduction in hydraulic instability and improved overall efficiency. The 305.5E2 includes a redesigned operator station that features a wider opening, a high-quality suspension seat, easy to adjust armrests and improved ergonomic layout. Visit Caterpillar at booth C6061. www.cat.com

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Large-frame compact track loader The John Deere 329E compact track loader (CTL) features an 83 hp, Interim Tier 4-emission certified engine. The large-frame CTL boasts a flat floor design with 33 per cent more foot room than previous models, and lower cab noise levels contribute to reduced operator fatigue and increased productivity. The 329E includes low-effort electro-hydraulic controls and an option to allow the operator to switch between three control patterns: ISO, H, and foot control patterns. Visit John Deere Construction & Forestry at booth C5461. www.deere.com

Portable Power Front-discharge mixer truck Terex’s FD4000 front discharge four-axle mixer truck can be powered by Cummins CNG engines, 2013 EPA-compliant Cummins or MTU diesel engines. It offers power packages ranging from 350- to 450-hp, and boasts a number of design improvements including a 15 per cent reduction in turn radius, 12 per cent increase in wheelbase and 8.5 in. additional legroom inside the cab. It also offers a standardized 8.4-m3 mixer drum for transporting and discharging low-slump concrete. Visit Terex at booth C5861. www.terex.com

WE DO MORE THAN DESIGN EQUIPMENT.

WE POWER YOUR SUCCESS. At Doosan Portable Power, we’re known for engineering solutions that make customers more productive. Visit www.DoosanPortablePower.com to you and find out o find the dealer nearest nea how we can help you achieve:

Drill attachments Model 210 equipment-mounted concrete drill attachments from E-Z Drill are best suited for full-depth road repair and patching projects. The series consists of three models: the three-gang 210-3 EQ MT, four-gang 210-4 EQ MT and five-gang 210-5 EQ MT. All are compatible with most models of backhoes and excavators. A control panel is mounted on the drill to provide convenient operation from the ground. The units are capable of drilling 5/8 to 2 1/2-in. diameter holes at a depth of 18 in. Visit E-Z Drill at booth C4327. www.ezdrill.com

• Maximum fuel economy • Unparalleled productivity • Region-specific emissions solutions

GENERATORS

DoosanPortablePower.com |

800.727.8457

LIGHT TOWERS

©2014 Doosan Infracore Portable Power

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WOC 2015

CT SHOWCASE PRODU Demolition robot The DXR 140 from Husqvarna Construction Products is a remotecontrolled demolition robot. Available with a 20 hp motor, the DXR 140 allows the operator to use up to 100 per cent of the breakerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s force. The power output and small design allow it to work in restricted spaces where the substrate requires a lightweight machine. With a reach of up to 12 ft. including breaker, the DXR 140 handles a variety of indoor and outdoor demolition work. Visit Husqvarna Construction Products at booth O30272. www.husqvarna.com

Emission-free cutting Stihlâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s TSA 230 battery cut-off saw is designed with a 230 mm/9 in. cutting wheel and weighs 8.6 lb (without battery).

Emission-free cordless technology ensures clean work, both indoors and outdoors. The standardfitted water connection and accessories for attaching to a vacuum cleaner ensure effective dust control when cutting. With a cutting depth of up to 60-mm/2 in., the TSA 230 is equipped for a variety of applications. www.stihl.com

Efficient mixer trucks McNeilus Companies will showcase 13 ready-mixed concrete vehicles, including three mixer trucks with the McNeilus M80-Series drum, which features a design that moves the center of gravity down and forward for increased capacity and more efficient mixing. Other booth highlights include an Oshkosh S-Series front discharge mixer with CNG power and a vertical tank configuration, and a mixer truck from sister company London Machinery.

Visit McNeilus at Booth C6545 www.mcneiluscompanies.com

Safe walk-behind trowels Wacker Neuson offers a complete line of walk-behind trowels that range from edging, standard, high-horsepower and variable speeds units. The CT walk-behind line is designed to provide extra protection from an out-of-control spinning handle. When the operator lets go of the handle, a gyroscopic safety sensor detects the motion of the handle and stops the engine before the handle reaches a 45degree rotation. Both the CT 36 and CT48 models are available with either a Honda or Wacker Neuson engine. Visit Wacker Neuson at booth O31708. www.wackerneuson.com

Rapid repairs Rapid Set cement products repair, restore and return concrete to full use in one hour. They are designed for high-strength structural restoration, vertical and overhead repairs, pavement rehabilitation, setting anchor bolts, floor repairs, pre-casting, highway and bridge repairs. Benefits include 3,000 psi in one hour, non-shrink, high-sulfate resistant, chloride resistant, and permanent repairs. Rapid Set can be used in all weather conditions, even under water. Visit Rapid Set at booth S10207. www.ctscement.com

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T:8.125”

YOU’RE NOT MIXING A SMOOTHIE. T:10.75”

The Mack® Granite® does what it takes. It’ll carry anything—dump, roll-off, mixer, whatever the job needs. And if you need twin-steer, it can do twin-steer. When the work gets hard, the Granite doesn’t say no.

It’s ready for anything.

MackTrucks.com VISIT MACK TRUCKS AT WORLD OF CONCRETE, BOOTH C5203

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WOC 2015

CT SHOWCASE PRODU Versatile boom Schwing has expanded its boom pump lineup with the S 20, which provides concrete contractors and specialty contractors with a versatile tool to expand concrete pumping possibilities while also performing conventional work. The four-section Double Z boom offers a total of 820 degrees of articulation with 270 degrees at both the third and fourth sections, allowing many possible configurations in confined spaces. Combined with a 12-ft., 7-in. unfolding height, the S20 can be used indoors, under overhead structures and in tunnels. Visit Schwing at booth C5126. www.schwing.com

Low-maintenance pavers Gomaco’s Next Generation Commander III multi-application slipform pavers are equipped with a Gomaco G+ control system and new Tier 4 engines. They feature a redesigned frame and operator’s platform with a pivoting control console. The frame has been rebuilt to accommodate the Tier 4 engines and cooling packages.

The placement of the engine in the framework is reversed to provide increased operator visibility, and the redesigned engine shroud provides easy access to service and fill points. Visit Gomaco at booth C5146. www.gomaco.com

We’ve got you covered Wacker Neuson offers the most complete line of construction equipment in the industry. With over 300 tools to choose from, your next job will get done quickly and economically. No matter what you need, Wacker Neuson and its network of dealers has you covered.

www.wackerneuson.com 1-800-201-3346

Scan for Free Demo

Find us on:

4.02.08 updated

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4/1/14 10:40 AM

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RISK

By David Bowcott

Counter-party risk: Is there enough margin in the tank?

W

e are at a crossroads within the economy. On the one hand the U.S. is beginning to fire up. On the other hand China is starting to slowdown. Which path will the Canadian economy follow? Nobody can say for certain, but I’ve got one risk that will not go away no matter which direction the economy goes. And if you manage it effectively, your company will stick around to enjoy the next economic growth phase.

What I’m getting at is the risk of counter-party failure to perform. This risk will likely get worse regardless of how the economy fluctuates. If the economy is heading upwards, many of these counterparties may not have enough margin in their backlog due to a slowing economy and tighter bidding over the past few years. These counter-parties will need that margin to fuel the growth required by a growing economy. If the economy is heading downward, then the thin margins picked up over the last few years will continue to get thinner as there are less and less options to replace them with jobs that can continue to feed the counter-parties overhead. Financial difficulties won’t be far off.

The point is that the future will likely hold an increased risk of counter-party failure to perform. Empirical evidence within the insurance sector suggests as there has been increased claims activity with lines of cover that provide security for subcontractor performance. Some of these lines of cover are experiencing their highest frequency of claims activity ever.

Given the likelihood of this risk impacting

your company over the next couple years, here are some helpful practices that will help you effectively manage this risk: 1. Change counter-party bid philosophy: a: Don’t take the lowest bidder; take the lowest qualified bidder instead. There is a difference. b: Determine what your company considers a “dangerously” low bid. Is it 40 per cent low, 30 per cent low, 20 per cent low, 10 per cent low, or event five per cent low? The subcontractor performance security industry usually considers 10 per cent low “dangerous” and worthy of investigation.

2. Prequalification: a: Consider developing a counter-party prequalification practice. Most leading companies no longer pre-qualify based on subjective criteria like “Joe is a good guy.”

Developing a formal prequalification protocol could be well worth your while. b: Ensure your prequalification assessments are available to all those employees at your company that make decisions on who to award contracts to.

3. Contract forms: a: Are your contract forms and purchase orders best in class? They have to be fair or you will have difficulty attracting any bidders to your jobs. But know full well there are forms in the market that are fair both ways and clearly outline responsibilities of both parties.

4. Contract award: a: What protocols do you have in place to manage low bids? Who assesses the risk of low bid and decides whether to take the bid, change the term, or pass on it?

“Most leading companies no longer pre-qualify based on subjective criteria like ‘Joe is a good guy.’” b: Do you have in-house capabilities to verify the accuracy of bids? Use those resources by doing take-offs on key contracts.

5. Contract management: a: Do you allow counter-parties onto the job site prior to having a signed contract or clearly constructed letter of intent?

What about initial payment protocols? b: If a counter-party begins to fail in performing its agreed upon obligations, do you have a set of best practices to manage this risk?

6. Quality assurance/Quality control a: Do you have a formal protocol to ensure the counter-parties work is being done in line with what is required in your contract and what is required in the design? b: Do you have a dedicated QA/QC team? Do they have authority?

The above are some select practices you should consider to manage the growing risk of counter-party failure to perform.

There are several more and I’d encourage you to investigate all available in order to ensure your company is ideally positioned to weather any stormy conditions that might come from the ups and downs of the economy.

David Bowcott is senior vice-president, national director of large/strategic accounts at AON Reed Stenhouse Inc. Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com.

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B

CONTRACTORS & THE LAW

By Matthew Swanson & Eric Little

E

Entire agreement clauses: You get what you bargain for

C

ontracting parties want at least two things in every case: certainty as to the terms of their agreement and assurance the agreement will be enforceable according to those terms.

Where the parties have reduced their agreement to writing, they improve their chances of achieving these objectives through careful drafting and using an “entire agreement” clause.

While the entire agreement clause is sometimes glossed over as part of the “boilerplate” in a commercial contract, it can be a very useful provision if the parties subsequently disagree as to the terms of the contract or its proper interpretation. An entire agreement clause helps ensure that the parties’ respective rights and obligations under the contract are limited to only those that are expressly contained within the four corners of the contract. Entire agreement clauses should be drafted with care.

INTERPRETATION Entire agreement clauses typically aim to exclude all representations and warranties, whether oral or written, that are not explicitly set out in the written contract.

By forcing contracting parties to ensure all of the representations and warranties they relied on when they entered into the agreement are expressly incorporated into the final written contract, such clauses provide certainty to the parties that the written contract is the entire, complete and final agreement. If properly drafted, an entire agreement clause prevents further terms from being read into a written contract, and may preclude evidence of pre-contractual

discussions, negotiations and agreements among the parties from being considered as an aid to interpreting the contract.

ENFORCEABILITY Generally speaking, an entire agreement clause will be enforceable against a party who had knowledge of its terms and understood its effect when he or she entered into the contract in question. If the parties to the contract were both sophisticated commercial entities with relatively equal bargaining power, the chances that the entire agreement clause will be strictly enforced are relatively high. If they each received independent legal advice in relation to the contract, then the chances of the clause being enforced are greater.

Conversely, if one of the parties was not as sophisticated as the other, the contract was in a standard form and it was not negotiated in any meaningful way, it may be less likely that the clause will be strictly enforced against the less sophisticated party.

For an entire agreement clause to be effective against claims based on negligent misrepresentation, the language of the clause may need to exclude those claims.

Otherwise, a court may be unwilling to find that the parties deliberately intended to rule them out when they entered into the contract. Given this, entire agreement clauses should be drafted clearly and carefully. The parties should give due consideration to what is and is not included in the contract, and the types of claims they would like to avoid.

BEST PRACTICES When drafting or negotiating the terms of

an entire agreement clause, parties should consider the following: • The clause should clearly set out the scope of the agreement.

• The clause should be specifically tailored to the circumstances of the contract. For example, if there were prior agreements or expressions of intent between the parties with respect to the subject matter, and the expectation is that the ultimate contract will supersede or replace those, the entire agreement clause should say that explicitly.

• If the parties intend to exclude liability for previous contracts or pre-contractual misrepresentations, the contract should say so expressly.

If the parties intend for any related documents or agreements to be included in the contract, those documents or agreements should be expressly defined as part of the contract or incorporated by reference.

While in practice it may be difficult for contracting parties to reduce all of their expectations to writing, the more care and attention they devote to this in drafting their agreements, the more certain they can be that all parties fully understand the terms they have agreed to, and that the agreement will be enforceable.

Matthew Swanson is a partner at Borden Ladner Gervais LLP and Eric Little is an associate. They practice in the area of commercial litigation. Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com.

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