Electronic Products and Technology January/February 2011

CONNECTORS & TERMINAL BLOCKS

electronic products and technology - JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2011 electronic products and technology

AN EP&T PRODUCT FEATURE PAGE 12

MIL/AERO / AUTOMOTIVE / SECURITY Page 8 ON SEMICONDUCTOR

WIRELESS DESIGNS Page 18 ANRITSU

OPTOELECTRONICS & DISPLAYS Page 20 EVERLIGHT ELECTRONICS

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e d i t o r i a l Celestica looks to fill MFG space with solar products

electronic products andtechnology technology electronic products and Volume 33 Number 1

January-February 2011

Once the jewel in the crown of contract electronic manufacturing (CEM) in Canada and worldwide, Torontoheadquartered Celestica Inc. appears to be on its way back to filling its manufacturing space with solar and wind related products in Ontario.

The former manufacturing arm of IBM, was a stock market darling back in the Internet boom when most of the major computer manufacturers, from Dell to Hewlett Packard, outsourced the manufacturing processes to Celestica and a host of others. After significant expansion through acquisition, Celestica sagged within the CEM arena, as the sector got a bit crowded over the past decade.

Of late, Celestica has upped its stakes in the alternative energy supply market, striking a manufacturing contract with SolarBridge Technologies Inc., Austin TX, developer of the Pantheon-brand integrated microinverters for the solar industry. Advanced Energy Industries Inc., provider of PV inverter solutions also recently announced its strategic expansion into Ontario, while forming a strategic relationship with Celestica, to manufacture its Solaron and PV Powered inverter products for the Ontario market.

Celestica has joined CANSIA – the Canadian solar association

Stephen Law Editor 416.510.5208 slaw@ept.ca

David Boss, P.Eng. Contributing Editor

Joanna Malivoire

Peter Loney

Account Manager Direct: 866.868.7089 jmalivoire@ept.ca

Publisher 416.510.5207 pdloney@ept.ca

and announced its membership in The Green Grid - a global consortium dedicated to advancing energy efficiency in data centers. Speculation has it that they have their eye on producing modules, inverters or anything else that is part of a booming global trend toward green energy.

Celestica is well placed in Ontario to take advantage of the provincial content requirements for renewable energy systems, which requires projects that want to connect to the grid to take advantage of lucrative FIT (feed in tariff) programs, to consist of 40% to 50% provincially manufactured content depending on the size of the project.

In October 2010, the Ontario government launched its ambitious FIT program in North America, if not the world, which pays small generators of solar electricity 80.2 cents a kilowatt hour in fixed 20-year contracts. Industry pundits and government officials attending the CanSIA conference recently in Toronto say the alternative/solar industry could prove to be a much needed replacement for the province’s auto manufacturing sector.

Stephen Law, Editor • slaw@ept.ca Follow me on Twitter http://twitter.com/#!/EPTmagazine

M12x1 Field Attachable Connectors with connecting area from 0.25mm2 – up to 0.75mm2

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Sensor Actor Line

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Circular Connectors

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US: $78 per year, International: $125 per year Editorial Purpose: Electronic Products & Technology provides timely, comprehensive coverage of the latest worldwide developments and trends in electronic products, equipment and systems, and interprets their significance to manufacturers and end-users in the Canadian marketplace.

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As a leading connector manufacturer CONEC develops, produces and markets competitive high quality connectors worldwide, suitable for high-end applications.

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Series of Regional High-Tech Electronics Shows

CALGARY • March 8 EDMONTON • March 10 Register FREE online at http://www.ept.ca/eptech/

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NEWSWATCH

N E W S WAT C H NEWSWATCH

Hisco expands into Canada

Hisco Inc., Houston TX, distributor of electronic and industrial materials, adhesives and soldering products has opened a new division on Canadian soil.

Located in the greater Toronto area, HiscoCan Inc. will service the Canadian electronics assembly and industrial markets and add yet another stocking location to the Hisco family.

“We are very pleased to be able to offer products and services to customers throughout North America,” says Bob Dill, Hisco’s president. “The staff at the Canadian operation is very experienced; they know the Canadian market and our key suppliers well. They will be able to deliver Hisco’s traditional fast, friendly service immediately. We’ve always been strong in offering our customers local solutions. The addition of a stocking location in Toronto gives Hisco a broader reach and offers synergies to our customers.”

“I am particularly excited to deliver these expanded Hisco services to our market,” adds Rick Weatherill, HiscoCan’s branch manager. “With the addition of chemical management, converting services, custom adhesive packaging, integrated supply options and ecommerce, we offer customers additional value beyond providing world class brands such as Alpha, 3M, Loctite and Brady.”

Rick Weatherill is joined by two account managers, Danny Santoro and Brett Rivers, each with many years of experience in electronics assembly in the Canadian marketplace.

Data management capabilities added to OrCAD A design data management solution enabling Cadence OrCAD printed circuit board (pcb) design teams to work collaboratively and manage data reliably is now possible using Design Vault for OrCAD. The software was recentlhy introduced by EMA Design Automation Inc., Rochester NY, full-service providers of electrical and mechanical CAD tools.

“The amount of data and files generated during the course of a pcb design project can be staggering. What’s more, this data is often being created, used, and changed by multiple team members in parallel, making it easy to become out of synch if not managed properly,” says Manny Marcano, president and CEO of EMA Design Automation.

“With today’s geographically dispersed teams and shorter project schedules, efficiently managed design data is a must for engineering teams to stay competitive.”

EMA’s Design Vault allows a design team to customize a workspace for them to easily manage files in a group environment—customizable permissions and access rights, customizable approval processes, live status notifications on all files, and the complete history of all revisions made to a file. These permission levels can be set to allow only certain employees (such as librarians, database managers, etc.) to have certain file creation, sharing, and editing rights. Practically any file type can be managed within this system including pcb files, schematic files and even more common files such as Microsoft Word and Excel.

“Revision control has long been a challenge for pcb designers,” says Josh Moore, OrCAD senior product marketing manager at Cadence Design Systems. “Design Vault plugs right into OrCAD Capture and OrCAD pcb Editor making revision control an integral part of the pcb design process.”

Solar Connectors Components for PV Products & Systems

Heyco’s new connectors for photovoltaic systems are rated at up to 1 kVDC and 30A.

range of USE-2 and 1000 PV wire diameters

Acme threads to prevent skipping and speed install

Panel-to-panel and bulkhead versions

Polycarbonate construction for good chemical and impact resistance

Disconnection and crimping tools available

RoHS and REACH compliant

V0 flammability rating

-40°C to 85°C temperature rating

IP 65 & IP 67

Speedy turnaround key to custom enclosure orders Dr. Doug Milburn says he’s in the business of delivering “a whole new experience” to electronic design engineers when fulfilling custom enclosure orders.

Milburn is chairman & VP sales and marketing of Protocase Inc., Sydney NS, based specialists in custom sheet metal electronic enclosures, mounting hardware and miscellaneous components. “Our objective is to deliver orders with unmatched speed, simplicity and service,” says Milburn.

Starting from the customer’s design and no minimum order requirements, the firm promises to build and deliver the unit in 2-3 days. Enclosures are built from a choice of aluminum, steel, stainless or galvanized and are fully finished, including fasteners, hardware, welding, powdercoating and silkscreen.

The firm emerged about a decade ago with a handful of local customers. Then the concept took off, whereby now it has more than 45 employees and 2000 returning customers, including small businesses to the best known technology companies in the world, from US, Canada, UK, as well as Asia and Australia.

Customers can take a hands-on approach in the design process, using Protocase’s exclusive online design tool. Milburn says Protocase Designer 3D enclosure CAD software and online enclosure template generator is “free, easy to learn and fast to use.”

800-263-3562 irwin-ind.com

Calgary, AB

Richmond Hill, ON HQ

Now a full year after operating its Buffalo-area warehousing and sales facility, Canadian pioneer electronics distributor Electro Sonic Inc. is setting its sights on greener pastures – literally.

In an exclusive interview with EP&T magazine, Electro-Sonic president Eric Taylor says the firm is actively pursuing “adjacent spaces” to the traditional electronic and electric design customer markets.

In conjunction with the 60-year-old Toronto firm’s shift of corporate headquarters further north to Markham ON this January, Electro-Sonic has unveiled its intent to tap the burgeoning Electro Sonic team from left are Peter alternative energy and solar manufacturing Campbell, corporate marketing markets across Canada, and namely Ontario. The director; Céline Chranofsky, executive sales leader; Joel Rosenthal, managing province has witnessed a tremendous increase in director; and Eric Taylor, president. clean energy installations after it implemented its feed-in-tariff program in October, 2009. The program has drawn international manufacturers, project developers and power generators to Ontario, interested in establishing new business ventures or enhancing existing facilities.

“This means we’re going to places we’ve never been before with new products, new customers and new relationships for us – it’s exciting,” says Taylor. “Most of these players fit within our catchment of high to medium mix and medium to low volume levels of production runs.”

Already familiar with serving the electromechanical markets, Electro-Sonic has rounded out its linecard with some inverter products. “We can deliver a complete solar kit to the customer,” Taylor adds. In addition, Electro-Sonic recently brought Rocco Laricchia, P.Eng, on board as Technical Marketing Manager. In addition to energy, the primary focus will be on “ruggedized” OEM applications – ranging from surface transportation to harsh environment automation and communications.

Spearheading that drive into new, as well as existing sales space is Céline Chranofsky, recently appointed the position of corporate sales director. Reporting to president Eric Taylor, Chranofsky brings an accomplished track record of driving high performance sales teams at IBM, Lenovo and others.

“Her passion is driven by an unrelenting belief in the power of cross functional collaboration, a deep sense of sales processes, tactical execution, skills development and coaching sales professionals,” says Taylor.

While the multi-million$, 65,000-square-foot facility at the Riverview Solar Technology Park in Tonawanda NY has established a beachhead to service the Great Lakes Region of the US market, Canada still remains the firm’s top priority, according to Taylor. “Investing in these people sends the signal that we are becoming more sales and marketing driven,” says Taylor, who welcomed opening the job search beyond traditional industry circles.

“I aim to become a fresh set of eyes when observing the existing market,” says Chranofsky, targeting double-digit sales growth in 2011. “It is important that our sales team is aligned correctly to where our customers are oriented. Everything that needs to be done, has to be focused on the needs of the customer.”

Chranofsky will manage over 60 in the sales department. Leveraging improved communication within the sales channels, Chranofsky says she understands the importance of collaborating towards a greater goal.

“I have worked in sales from the manufacturer’s level and that has given me insights to differentiating relationships between suppliers, distributors and more focused on execution and driving results,” she says.

Wieland Electric Inc. celebrated its 100th Anniversary at the company’s Oakville office/warehouse recently, as invited guests were treated to a buffet dinner and music. Pictured here, Alex Hadjiharalambous, president of Wieland Canada addresses invited guests.

Detachable electrical connections remain Wieland’s main business.

100-years ago, engineer Friedrich H. Wieland developed the first detachable electrical connections and, with the ‘Wieland terminal’, laid the foundation for the future success of the family company.

Electronic Components & Hardware

Vancouver, BC

Electro-Sonic focuses on ‘greener’ pastures

Wieland marks 100th anniversary

Large cable diameter range covers a wide

IRWIN Industrial is proud to be an authorized distributor of Heyco products

Connectors & Cables Mechanical Hardware Optoelectronics Power Products Printers & Labelling Protection, Suppression & Shielding Switches & Relays Thermal Management Wire Management

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Montreal, QC

Industry network function collects for charity November 2 Remember, an electronics industry social gathering held recently in the Greater Toronto Area, drew more than 100 invited guests, serving as a seasonal opportunity to network amongst peers.

Held at a restaurant in Woodbridge ON, the event collected dozens of toys from guests upon entry, which were delivered to the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto prior to Christmas. Buoyed by the support of five additional corporate sponsors this year, event organizer Rob DeRose of CST-Arwin says attendance was “up almost 50%”.

Rochester, NY

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products on review

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electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

IP67 wall mounted enclosures suit harsh environments

High density digital isolators withstand hazardous locations

1555F range of rugged IP67 sealed enclosures are suitable for wall mounting pcb-based or DIN rail based equipment. Available in RAL 7035 light gray and moulded in either general purpose ABS or flameproof polycarbonate, units provide multiple features in functionality. In use, the lid is secured to the wall or other surface using the slots moulded into the integral flanges. The screws securing the lid to the base are then inaccessible as they are against the surface, giving security against unauthorised tampering. The initial six sizes range from 4.7” x 2.60 x 1.65” (120 x 66 x 42mm) to 6.30 x 3.60 x2.44” (159 x 91 x 62mm); all lids are fitted with captive M4 stainless steel screws.

HAMMOND MFG

ACT20X range of digital isolators includes modules that can convert and isolate digital signals to and from hazardous areas, as well as versions that isolate and drive digital actuators. The range of intrinsic safety signal conditioners are 22.5mm wide. Product range includes two types of digital modules – Pulse Isolators and Actuator Drivers.

WEIDMULLER

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Current probes handle large conductors, tight spaces and high amperage

Lens fits large format imaging applications

iFlex flexible current probes ease current measurement, enhance convenience and precision. Unit’s large coil allows users to reach around large or awkward-shaped conductors up to 6 inches in diameter, while the small 0.3-inch profile allows the coil to reach between tightly-packed cables and improves access in crowded spaces. A 6-foot cord makes it easier to see readings at a distance from the conductor. Probes connect directly to the meter, displaying current measurements without error-prone scaling factors.

FLUKE ELECTRONICS CANADA

NZ470 47mm F/5.0 lens for large format imaging applications are designed for high resolution imaging with large format and linear sensor scanning and similar applications. Devices are available in M42 T mount or M72 X .75 threaded mounts. Products are suitable for industrial, scientific and other imaging applications.

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NERGY SOLUTIONS

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What’s New Ontario Compliant for FIT and MicroFIT Applications from a Supplier that has been here all along. www.e-sonic.com/whatsnew/Solar.htm

1W isolated dc-dc converters reduce footprint by 50% MTU1 series high performance 1 Watt isolated surface-mount dc-dc converters sets new standards for footprint, load regulation and efficiency. Product’s dimensions are 8.2 x 8.4 x 8.5mm, representing a footprint reduction of 50% compared to the previous generation.

Power density is 1.71 W/cm3 and the series provides wide temperature performance at full 1 Watt load, between -40 and 85C. Device’s load regulation has been enhanced to 7.5%.

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2011 Is The Year Of Solar C

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Power supplies deliver universal input range LS200 Series of low-cost, 200-watt convection cooled power supplies provide a universal input range of 88 to 264Vac (no select switch), with an input surge rating of 300Vac for five seconds and is available in either an enclosed fan-cooled version or in an open-frame U-channel configuration. The series of ac-dc singleoutput power supplies are available now with the most popular dc output voltages, including: 3.3V, 5V, 7.5V, 12V, 15V, 24V, 36V and 48Vdc. All dc outputs are adjustable up to +/-10% via a front panel mounted adjustment potentiometer.

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Leakage current tester meets standards of safety test field 800.56.SONIC solar@e-sonic.com

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GW Instek GLC-9000 Leakage Current Tester meets the leakage current measurement requirements in the safety test field. Unit fulfills the requirements of leakage current (or touch current) tests for the compliance of various standards including EN 60601-1 (IEC 60601-1) for medical electrical equipment and EN 60990 (IEC 60990).

TRADEPORT ELECTRONICS GROUP http://ept.hotims.com/34480-47

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electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

MIL/AERO / Automotive / Security

address new vehicle technologies, lifestyle trends

Circuit protection solutions

G

Global initiatives to improve fuel economy and reduce Co2 emissions present great challenges for the automotive industry and reducing vehicle mass is one of the most common strategies being pursued by manufacturers today.

With electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) also addressing the world’s energy and emissions crises, automakers and battery manufacturers are rapidly developing new materials and solutions to advance those technologies.

The connected lifestyle has also found its way into the automobile and has dramatically affected new vehicle designs.

Consumer demands and competitive pressures have led automakers to add a growing number of functions and features to their vehicles, which in turn affects electrical/electronic architecture and components.

Greener, lighter designs Improving fuel economy and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are important design criteria for today’s automotive engineers. EVs and HEVs are obvious solutions to both of these challenges, but vehicle weight reduction technology also provides some clear benefits; as the reduction in vehicle mass and rolling resistance translates to reduced energy requirements and effectively helps reduce Co2 emissions.

In addition to the greater degree of component integration and the use of advanced materials that are helping automakers reduce weight, wire harness weight is an area of particular interest and has led design engineers to revisit their approach to protecting automobile power functions against damage from high-current fault conditions.

A challenge for designers is to retain and/or add circuit protection devices that help protect against damage from potential overload conditions in the vehicle’s electrical system, while simultaneously reducing total cost and weight. Since a typical vehicle may contain hundreds of electrical circuits and more than a kilometer of wire, the complexity of the wiring system can make conventional circuit design techniques difficult to use and may lead to unnecessary overdesign.

Many manufacturers have found that employing a decentralized architecture combined with resettable polymeric positive temperature coefficient (PPTC) overcurrent protection devices can significantly reduce vehicle weight.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the difference between a traditional centralized architecture and a decentralized architecture. A centralized approach requires each module to be protected by a separate fuse in the junction box, as illustrated in yellow. In this type of ‘star’ architecture, each function also requires a separate wire, which adds weight and cost.

In contrast, a decentralized architecture, where several junction boxes are supplied by power busses, the wires exiting the junction boxes can each be protected by a resettable circuit protection device.

In the past, mechanical strength dictated that the smallest wire used in

By Guillemette Paour, global strategic market manager automotive, Tyco Electronics Circuit Protection Device business unit

the vehicle was 0.35 mm² (22 AWG), which could carry current from 8-10A. This limitation cancelled some of the benefits of using PPTC devices for lowcurrent signal circuits (e.g., under 8A).

However, today’s wire material technologies are enabling much smallerdiameter wires for a given currentcarrying capacity, including wires as small as 0.13 mm² (26 AWG) with a 5A maximum capability. This advancement has led to additional weight savings when used with a distributed architecture and PPTC overcurrent protection.

FIG. 1: Typical centralized architecture.

FIG. 2: Typical decentralized architecture.

Alternative power systems Though it may take years before EVs fully become mainstream, some manufacturers are convinced that the time for mass market, zero-emission vehicles has arrived. The EV and battery industries currently occupy the spotlight when it comes to developing technologies for future transportation and R&D efforts are focused on battery storage capacity and increasing battery charging time.

Tyco Electronics, in collaboration with vehicle and battery manufacturers, is currently developing new technologies and solutions for this emerging market sector.

Figure 3 shows how PPTC technology is being used for overtemperature detection in HEV and EV battery modules. In this example a thermal sensor array is used to monitor individual cell anomalies.

Because applying heat to the PPTC device results in a rapid non-linear increase in device resistance, this solution allows for fast, accurate cell temperature sensing.

As shown here, a hot cell is “flagged” by a steep resistance rise at the specified detection temperature.

fail due to long-term exposure to harsh environments.

Improving power component performance, using design techniques that spread heat more evenly, and incorporating new heat sink materials are some of the solutions that have been proposed to enhance thermal management. Nevertheless, designers still rely heavily on secondary protection to help stop thermal runaway events that can be generated by power component failures or corrosion-induced heating.

The most common approach is to use a thermal fuse/Thermal Cut Off (TCO) or a thermal switch. These devices both offer the designer wide and specific temperature activation characteristics in both ac and dc applications, but they present challenges in the board assembly process. Because more and more pcbs utilize only surface mount devices (SMDs), using a through-hole device can translate to special mounting procedures and additional cost and complexity.

Additionally, standard devices may not provide the ruggedness and reliability needed for automotive applications; whereas components that are qualified for the automotive environment are fully tested to meet stringent shock and vibration specifications and provide the proper dc ratings.

Tyco Electronics recently introduced an automotive-qualified Reflowable Thermal Protection (RTP) device, a secondary protection device that interrupts current and helps protect against damage resulting from failed power components and pcb trace overheating. This solution generally eliminates the need for heavy

heat sinks, redundant FETs and relays in electronic control units, HVAC, ABS, and power steering systems, dc-dc converters and PTC heaters.

As shown in Figure 4, when the RTP device is mounted in close proximity to a powerFET it tracks the FET temperature.

If the FET exceeds its normal operating temperature limit and generates an overtemperature condition, the RTP device activates and opens the power source line.

The surface mount device can be quickly and easily installed using industry-standard pick-and-place and Pb-free reflow equipment, and can withstand multiple reflow passes with peak temperatures exceeding well over 200C and yet, in the field, will open when it detects a temperature above 200C. To allow it to open at 200C in the field after going through standard reflow installation, the RTP device utilizes a onetime electronic arming process to become thermally sensitive. Before the arming procedure, it can withstand at least three Pb-free solder reflow steps without opening. The arming procedure can be implemented to occur automatically at system power up or during manufacturing end of line system testing.

The connected car

Heading down the ‘infotainment highway,’ two clear trends are rapidly changing the face of automotive design: in-car entertainment and wireless connectivity. Vehicle manufacturers, as continued on page 10

FIG. 3: Thermal indicator array for HEV and EV battery modules. In this example, the red cell reached a temperature above the specified threshold and the PPTC device tripped into a high-resistance state.

Migration to power functions

More and more conventional mechanical functions are migrating to electronic applications, e.g., power steering and electric park systems.

These high-power, high-temperature applications place greater demands on power electronic systems, resulting in the potential for serious thermal issues when power components such as powerFETs, capacitors, resistors or ICs

FIG 4: In a slow thermal runaway condition, the RTP200 device tracks the powerFET temperature until it opens the circuit at 200C.

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Support Across The Board.

From Design to Delivery Now, you can have it all.™ Faster and easier than ever before. Our commitment to customer service is backed by an extensive product offering combined with our supply chain and design chain services – which can swiftly be tailored to meet your exact needs. We have dedicated employees who have the experience to provide the highest level of customer service with accuracy and efficiency. All of our technical experts are factory certified on the latest technologies, providing you the expertise to move projects forward with speed and confidence.

Avnet offers the best of both worlds: extensive product and supply chain knowledge, and specialized technical skill which translates into faster time to market – and the peace of mind that comes from working with the industry’s best. Avnet is ranked Best-In-Class* for well-informed sales reps and knowledgeable application engineers, design and engineering services, and our 24-hour design support – proof that we consistently deliver: > Industry recognized product expertise > Specialized technical skills Ready. Set. Go to Market.™ Visit the Avnet Design Resource Center™ at: www.em.avnet.com/drc

1 800 332 8638 www.em.avnet.com *As rated by Hearst Electronics Group: The Engineer & Supplier Interface Study, 2009. ©Avnet, Inc. 2011. All rights reserved. AVNET is a registered trademark of Avnet, Inc.

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-7

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10

MIL/AERO / automotive / security

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Vehicle technologies, lifestyle trends continued from page 8

well as mobile device manufacturers, are keenly aware of consumers’ growing demand to connect with their digital devices inside their cars in the same way they do in the home or office.

Today’s vehicles have become mobile networks, integrating a wide variety of features and functions, including embedded controls, mobile media, and wireless options. Applications such as infotainment, telematics, safety, and electronic controls require the use of several established networking standards such as LIN, CAN, MOST, IDB1394, FlexRay, byteflight, Bluetooth for embedded control, and others.

The Bluetooth standard has created new market opportunities for mobile electronic devices that can interact with the vehicle and its systems, such as cell phones, MP3 players and navigation equipment.

Protecting exposed communication interfaces from electrostatic discharge (ESD) and other voltage surges induced through the antenna and the instrument’s wireless (RF) interface is a critical design issue.

Figure 5 shows how a polymerenhanced Zener diode (PolyZen device) helps protect the power input to the Bluetooth module. The device provides integrated overcurrent and overvoltage circuit protection. Low-capacitance polymer ESD (PESD) devices are also used here to help protect the antenna against damage caused by ESD surges.

Down the road

The increased number of power components and high-data-rate connections in automotive designs has created a greater need for reliable, cost-

FIG. 5: Typical circuit protection solution for Bluetooth modules.

effective circuit protection solutions.

Tyco Electronics’ research, design and application engineering teams are collaborating with automakers, integrators and OEMs to develop the components required to advance a variety of new technologies, support emerging

applications, and help automakers meet stringent safety standards.

For more information on circuit protection devices in automotive applications from Tyco Electronics, go to http://ept.hotims.com/34480-35

Oscilloscope platform boosts performance, analysis for embedded designers

Semis address in-vehicle networking, LED Lighting, load management

MSO/DPO5000 Series mixed signal oscilloscope platform has been launched in conjunction with TPP1000 and TPP0500 high-bandwidth and low capacitance passive voltage probes. Taken together, the instruments and probes improve performance and analysis for complex component and system-level debug and validation tasks in an embedded systems design environment.

Series features eight models ranging from 350 MHz of analog bandwidth and 5 GS/s sample rates to 2 GHz and 10 GS/s for higher-end applications. Record length ranges from 12.5M up to 250M for in-depth analysis and debug. Each model has 4 analog channels.

TEKTRONIX

NCV7321 local interconnect network (LIN) transceiver that interfaces between a LIN protocol controller and the physical bus in low data rate in-vehicle networking (IVN) applications. Device provides improved electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) coupled with robust system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) performance of up to 13 kilovolts (kV) that negates the need for external ESD components.

NCV7608 octal configurable low-side / high-side driver is a compact AEC Q10X-12 (rev.A) qualified SOIC-28W packaged device that operates at junction temperatures ranging from -40C to +150C and a wide input voltage range of 3.15V to 5.25V. NCV786xx Power Ballast and Dual LED Driver product platform for advanced LED front lighting systems. Device supports system level requirements for driving multiple LED strings of up to 60V, PWM dimming to maintain LED color temperature and controlled average current.

ON SEMICONDUCTOR

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-36

LED driver controls dimming without PWM input Model BD8381EFV-M high-brightness LED driver IC for automotive forward illumination applications. The flexible, current-mode buck/boost controller provides stable operation over a wide input voltage (5-30V) and removes constraints on the number of LEDs in series connection.

Integrated protection monitors voltage, current and temperature. LED open and short circuit detection is also provided. Device has an internal PWM controller so dimming functions can be implemented with a simple external CR circuit. This same circuit can be implemented to limit output current in case of LED overtemperature detection.

ROHM SEMICONDUCTOR http://ept.hotims.com/34480-37

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-38

Modular PXI voltage/current source solution reduces test time Agilent M9186A PXI isolated single-channel voltage/current source is a modular voltage-current source for use in automotive electronics test applications. Unit enables testers to generate a voltage and measurement of the resultant current, or generate a current and measurement of the resultant voltage. Device comes with SENSE input to supply accurate voltage to the device under test (DUT). Module provides a safety interlock feature to protect the DUT from potential damage from high voltages.

AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES http://ept.hotims.com/34480-39

Coiled fiber flexes in military environment Coiled Fiber cable overcomes negative issues related to fiber optic cables, especially in military/defense applications. Cable provides adaptable length extension and educes the number of fiber cables needed in the field. One cable can be used in various applications that require different lengths.

Provides solution to tight space requirements and can be utilized in limited space. Product’s coiled design neatly bundles any excess. It can also be extended and recoiled without fiber glass breakage, extending the life.

JEM ELECTRONICS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-40

newswatch

Analytic Systems certified to ISO 9001-2008 Analytic Systems Ltd., Delta BC, was recently certified to the International Standards Organization, ISO 9001-2008, making the development and manufacture of its Power Conversion products and services more efficient, safer and cleaner, “It facilitates trade between countries and makes it fairer,” says Bill Walker, vicepresident, sales and marketing. ”The standards provide governments with a technical base for health, safety and environmental legislation, and conformity assessment.

They make it easier to share technological advances and good management practices as well as to disseminate innovation.”

Analytic Systems manufactures products including ac and dc source battery chargers, dc to dc voltage converters, ac to dc power supplies, dc to ac inverters and Solar MPPT charge controllers. http://ept.hotims.com/34480-8

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

Sensor mentor.

Newark can guide you to the best names in sensors.

We stock all the industry leaders, plus innovative niche suppliers for just about any application: Allegro, Analog Devices, Autonics, Banner, Carlo Gavazzi, Cherry,

Cynergy 3, Eaton, GEMS, Honeywell, IMO, Newport, Noshok, Omron, Optek, Panasonic, Pepperl & Fuchs, Sensirion AG, Turk and more. Learn more at www.newark.com or contact us at 800.463.9275.

A Premier Farnell Company Š 2010 Newark, a trademark of Premier Farnell Corp. All other trademarks, registered or unregistered, are the property of their respective holders.

DESIGN WITH THE BEST http://ept.hotims.com/34480-9

12

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Connectors & Terminal Blocks Crimp and solder cup spring pins connect, terminate 0962 spring pin provides the advantages of both a compression spring connection on one end and a wire termination on the other. Robust product's .042" diameter plunger is rated at one million cycles minimum. Device provides a crimp-barrel tail that can accommodate stranded or solid copper wires up to 22 gage. Plated with 20µ" of gold over nickel on each precisionmachined component and 10µ" of gold over nickel on the beryllium copper spring, the 0962 is as durable as it is multi-faceted.

MILL-MAX http://ept.hotims.com/34480-48

LCP laminates join stable of microelectronics packaging

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-49

DIN-rail mount outlet boxes power common tools

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-50

MIL-DTL-38999 multi-position circular connectors for harsh operating environments, allows size and weight savings of 50%.

Device withstands vibration of 44Grms at a temperature of 125C for 8 hours. Productís electrical crimp contacts can be removed, enabling users to wire and unwire connectors directly on site. Deviceís traditional platings can be supplied with non-reflective black Zinc Nickel protection, to satisfy the latest RoHS directives.

SOURIAU http://ept.hotims.com/34480-51

LCP Laminates joins firm's family of microelectronics packaging product offerings. Custom designed LCP Laminates are suitable for semiconductor packages as LCP coreless designs for up to 6 layers as well as in combination with other rigid materials as hybrid circuits. Development and testing of Z-interconnect cross-sections for > 8 layer offerings are also underway. Film-based product provides high density interconnection with proven reliability and performance.

ENDICOTT INTERCONNECT

CPO Series DIN-rail mount outlet boxes provide control cabinets with power for common tools including laptops and testing equipment. Product utilizes a UL 498 receptacle, suitable for UL 508 panels. Addressing requests for compact duplex supplies, the CPOís compact PVC housing measures 60mm x 109mm and provides an ABS plastic cover. Product employs a top-mount ground pin, preventing loose metal objects from shorting hot and neutral pins together. Device delivers firm's color-coded Cage clamp spring pressure termination or MCS pluggable EMX connectors.

KS+PN54 1-2011 12/7/10 4:42 PM Page 1 WAGO

Multi-position circular connectors meet MIL standards

Terminal block portfolio includes plug, socket Firm’s terminal blocks product portfolio now includes plug and socket configurations suitable for industrial and instrumentation applications. Product line includes configurations such as front screw, key backside, contact downside plugs and 2-wall, 45∞-angled, feedthrough sockets, and accessories such as polarization keys. All are available with or without the screw-locking-sideflange feature. Green-colored plastic is standard but optional black, blue and grey color plastics are also available.

FCI http://ept.hotims.com/34480-52

Discrete wire cable system boosts power performance PowerStrip/15 Cable Assembly (MPSS Series) high performance power interconnect solution is a robust discrete wire cable system suitable for space-limited applications. Device comes with 2,3,4,6 or 8 dual leaf blade contacts on a narrow 5,00mm (.197”) centerline. Product is available in double or single-ended assemblies with 14 or 16 AWG discrete wire coax cable and a choice of assembled lengths. It also provides a positive latching system for increased unmating force and polarized guide posts that allow for blind mating making it ideal for rugged or other harsh environments.

SAMTEC http://ept.hotims.com/34480-53

Mil-quality micro circular connectors terminate at tail Micro Circular tail termination connectors are available in 4 barrel sizes 5, 12, 16 and 27 positions, with the tail terminations being: soldercup, prewired and straight thru-hole versions.

Barrel sizes 5&12 have been expanded to include a right angle version and the option to add stand-off to the device. Products save space and weight, while increasing interconnect reliability with Mil Spec components and materials.

OMNETICS

Cat. NO. 54

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-54

• Accommodates: A, 2/3A, 17335, 17450, 17500, 17650, 18500, 18650 cells • Ideal for Lithium-Ion batteries 17-19mm Dia. with built-in PCB protection circuits.

• Withstands multiple charging cycles • Low profile • Low contact resistance • Unique 3 legged THM design for enhanced strength & stability • Applications include: Mobile, Consumer, Industrial & Telecomm electronic devices

RoHS Compliant

~ ISO 9001 Certified

ELECTRONICS

Wire harness service available for connector products Waiting on cables or connectors? Worrying about overstocking inventory or deadlines? With a global subsidiary and distribution network 3M has the products you need for just-in-time production. Need a sample for prototype evaluation? Most products are available for next-day delivery in Canada. We offer a Stock Check tool to help you find distributors with inventory 24/7/365. So what are you waiting for? Go to 3MConnectors.com and see how fast we deliver.

®

C O R P.

EMX Enterprises Ltd • Vancouver • Toronto • Montreal Tel: (905) 764-0040 • 1-800-268-6822 Web: www.emx.ca • e-mail: sales@emx.ca

© 3M 2011. All rights reserved.

Available from our global distributor network http://ept.hotims.com/34480-10

Firm expands product service for its connector families with a wire harness service offering.

Product assortment of IEC connectors and filter products can now be ordered together with a complete interconnection solution according to customer specific requirements.

Service includes several types of ready to install wires, cables or wire harnesses with custom specific end terminal connections.

SCHURTER http://ept.hotims.com/34480-55

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-11

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-12

14

connectors & terminal blocks

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

RF cable assembly boosts performance to 40GHz for test bench apps TestPro 3 RF cable assemblies is high-performance with a frequency range of DC-20GHz and up to 40 GHz for test bench applications with robust center contact retention. Precision engineered cables are designed for extreme stability and flexibility, tested for bending stability according to IEC 966-1, bending method number 2. Phase stability measures 5 degrees typical with bending at 40GHz. RADIALL USA http://ept.hotims.com/34480-56

Sensor-actuator interface M12 cables shield against EMI

Custom SMT perimeter connectors reduce board space

Fully shielded M12 cables with braided shield connected to the coupling nut provides 360-degrees protection of the connector and the cable against electromagnetic interference and gives users fully shielded and secure signal connections. With cULus approval, products include 3-, 4- and 5-pole versions as single- and double-ended cables. All available with straight and right angle connectors for applications with limited clearance space. As with most Weidmuller Sensor Actuator Interface connectors and cables, the fully shielded M12 versions feature a self-securing ratchet coupling nut for secure connections in applications where shock and vibration are present.

WEIDMULLER

SMT Perimeter Line of customized surface mount connectors reduces board space by utilizing the perimeter of circular and other odd-shaped PC boards. Devices are created from customized FR-4 insulators on in-house driller/ routing machines and incorporate high quality screw-machined, solder ball terminals (available down to 0.50mm pitch) on both the male header and the mating female connector (socket).

Deviceís semi-circle design maximizes space when stacking circular printed circuit boards and features an integrated keying/ polarization feature.

ADVANCED INTERCONNECTIONS

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-57

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-58

ASO Solar Fuse and FSO Fuseholder Combo

Gangable single pole distribution blocks are modular ERICO ERIFLEX 250A thru 500A / 1000V low-voltage power distribution products are compact and modular to allow versatile building of power blocks into single pole, two pole, three pole or four pole systems. Models UDF 250A and 500A provide a screw retaining, transparent blue cover to allow visual inspection of the wire and confirmation of the connection.

Productís cover is also hinged for easy removal. Devices easily clip onto DIN rail or mount to the panel with screws.

ICONOPOWER http://ept.hotims.com/34480-59

Solid-body IP67-rated D-sub connector is water resistant Water-resistant D-sub series of connectors includes a rugged onepiece, solid-body version, improving performance against mechanical impacts during installation and operation and has less possible leak paths. IP67-rated solid-body D-sub connector has a silicone O-ring panel seal for a watertight connection, ensuring high-performance with goldplated machined contacts. Device comes in standard, high-density and combination D-sub configurations, and with solder-cup, right-angle and straight terminations.

CONEC http://ept.hotims.com/34480-60

Industrial connectors upgraded with diecast threaded ring

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-14

Series 820 industrial connectors have been upgraded to 7/8-inch, including a new diecast threaded locking nut with a SW24 hexagon outer contour for better tightening of mating connectors. The previous aluminum locking nut is now replaced with a nickel-plated diecast zinc locking nut. Each nut has an antivibration feature to ensure the connectors stay in mated condition when properly fastened. All Series 820 field-attachable male and female connectors include the new locking nut.

BINDER-USA http://ept.hotims.com/34480-61

new literature

www.schurterinc.com/new_fuses

INTERCONNECT CAPABILITIES A guide to firm’s broad line of standard, offthe-shelf high speed / signal integrity systems, micro interconnects and the ability to weave these products together for custom application specific solutions.

Provides low short circuit current and overvoltage protection up to 1000 VDC in solar strings, inverters, battery charges and combiner boxes.

– – – – –

SAMTEC http://ept.hotims.com/34480-62

Standard midget size 10.3 x 38 mm Quick-acting according to UL 248-14 Current rating ranges from 1 to 30 A Breaking capacity 20kA Touch-safe fuseholder mounts on DIN rail, or accepts 8-14 AWG standard wire; 1-, 2-, or 3 poles available

MIL/AERO SOURCEBOOK Military & Aerospace Sourcebook aids selection of mission-critical connectors available as a printed catalog for the first time in nearly 20 years. 700 pages of details on hundreds of products.

ITT INTERCONNECT http://ept.hotims.com/34480-63

SHORT FORM CATALOG Short form catalog version 23 contains new additions to existing product line including fine pitch BGA and QFN sockets with 10+ GHz bandwidth and 500K insertions.

IRONWOOD ELECTRONICS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-64 http://ept.hotims.com/34480-13

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-15

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

The new Push-In

Experience!

Push-In Technology the new push-in experience with P.i.t. is the latest generation of modular terminal blocks in the CLiPLine complete system.

P.I.T. - Just Try It! Register online for a FREE sample and a chance to win a CRiMPFox tool kit at www.phoenixcontact.ca/PIT

Save valuable labour with tooless connections

Up to 50% lower insertion forces required

Release button is quick and easy with no special tools required

Completely touch-proof

For additional information please contact: toll Free: (800) 890-2820 www.phoenixcontact.ca/PIT http://ept.hotims.com/34480-16

© Phoenix ContaCt 2011

16

connectors & terminal blocks

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Connector snap-on covers enhance safety margin

Shielded 8P8C modular plug optimized for CAT6a patch cables

C34 and C44 Series Connectors provide a permanently attached snap-on cover, alleviating frequent safety problems in assembly and field service situations. Device comes with wide variety of standard options. Products are modular and available in configurations from 2-24 poles and with a current rated at 10A @ 300VAC and a pitch of 7.62 mm. The C-44 Series is rated at 15A @ 300VAC pitched at 9.5mm. Terminals on both series are tin-plated brass and are available in six different pin-out configurations including pcb, solder tail and right-angle versions.

BLOCKMASTER ELECTRONICS

SS-39200 Series of Category 6a 8P8C modular plugs are RoHS-compliant and comprised of both a wire aligner and load bar to facilitate consistent twisted pair orientation during plug assembly. The wire aligner provides a patent pending 'cross talk zone' that introduces a precise amount of cross talk to the plug to allow for centered NEXT (Near End Crosstalk) performance as per IEC 60603-7-51 component requirements and ANSI/TIA-568-B.2-10 transmission performance specifications for 4-pair 100 Ohm CAT6a cabling.

STEWART CONNECTOR

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-65

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-66

EMI filter plates come with 1500 VDC flash protection Complete line of EMI Filter plates has the capability to add 1500 VDC Flash protection if required, including to firmís Bolt-in, EasyMate or Shrouded Latch filter plates. Products come in right angle or straight configurations with Pi, C, and insulated filter circuit options. Devices provide capacitance values from 10 pF to 5000 pF. SPECTRUM ADVANCED SPECIALTY PRODUCTS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-67

Connector doubles speed, durability Mezalok high-reliability mezzanine connector more than doubles the speed and durability of competing technology.

Exceptionally fast, durable and redundant device is suitable for extreme environments. The 5 GHz+ surface mount device incorporates a redundant 'mini-box' four-point contact system for separable interface and ultra reliability. LCP plastic housings enhance thermal stability and reduce outgassing. Also, compliant BGA board attach supports standard surface mount processing and excellent thermal stability.

TYCO ELECTRONICS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-70

Contact system utilizes closed entry PosiBand high performance D-subminiature connectors utilize closed entry contacts, providing an unbroken ring of solid material at the face of the contact. In most cases, a sleeve is placed over a standard 'split tine' contact to achieve the closed entry feature.

Device separates the mechanical and electrical function of the contact system. Productís contact resistance is 3 milliohms for size 20 contacts and 4 milliohms for size 22 contacts. The current rating for size 20 contacts is 14 amps with 6 contacts energized. Size 22 contact current rating is 10 amps with 6 contacts energized.

POSITRONIC INDUSTRIES http://ept.hotims.com/34480-68

Circular MT expanded beam interconnect eases surgical procedures Circular MT Expanded Beam Interconnect fiber optic solution addresses the need for high reliability and performance in the medical, data, video and telecommunications industries. Device provides a high density optical interconnect requiring minimal cleaning while delivering repeatable optical performance over thousands of mating cycles. Product includes high-density, front-panel interfaces such as MPO, Array connector and circular MT connectors as well as backplane connectors including HBMT and BMTP. MOLEX

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-17

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-69

An Eye for Innovation

Bringing Precision, Flexibility and Experience to Wire Processing

NEW PowerStrip 9550 n

Measures, cuts and strips up to 2/0 AWG and jacketed cables up to 0.630” in diameter

n

Servo driven transport units offer unparalleled speed and stripping power

n

Turret guide on left side rotates to accommodate a full range of wire sizes

n

Extensive libraries with predefined cable types and processes

n

Modular design allows future upgrades to base models

n

Complete range of options and accessories available for a customized system

www.schleuniger-na.com/US2300_ept (905) 827-1166 http://ept.hotims.com/34480-18

Space-saving interconnect reduces weight in missioncritical aviation apps ARINC 600 Series avionic connector product include next-generation inserts that combine signal, power, Ethernet and fiber optic data transmission.

Models 30Q2, 13Q2 and 17Q2 are weight and space-saving inserts that can be combined with existing signal, power and quadrax inserts to develop an infinite combination of connector layouts to meet present and future bandwidth requirements. 30Q2 model provides 28-signal contacts and 2-quadrax contacts in a single size-1 insert and is available in standard rearrelease, rear-removable pin-and-socket versions as well as a front-release, front-removable socket option.

ITT INTERCONNECT SOLUTIONS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-71

VXS backplanes deliver Ethernet control channel VXS backplanes with a Gigabit Ethernet Control Layer Channel per VITA 41.6†is a 20-slot size. Product provides a dual star routing topology and 18-layer stripline design, suitable for out-of-band communication. The 7U high unit also has power studs in 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and GND along the top and bottom of the backplane to allow for flexible power options. Product comes in 8, 12, 18, 20, and 21 slot topologies.

ELMA BUSTRONIC http://ept.hotims.com/34480-72

Power distribution system flexes as profibus/devicenet package SVS16 DC 24 V power distribution and remote output system provides a fullyfledged ProfibusDP/DeviceNet interface according to EN 50170/IEC 61158, supporting all specified baud rates up to maximum 12 MBaud. System reduces wiring times and increases diagnostic capabilities in process control settings. Product provides selective overcurrent protection, power distribution in load circuits as well as switching, protection and monitoring of digital outputs up to 10 A. E-T-A CIRCUIT BREAKERS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-73

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

00

t s e The B l o o T p o t h Benc When you need breadth of product for a wide range of applications…

Turn to the 2011 Allied Catalog.

• Over 20,000 New Products • Over 120,000 Product Solutions • Over 300 World Class Suppliers • Enhanced Automation & Control Section

Order your 2011 Allied Catalog today!

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© Allied Electronics, Inc 2010. ‘Allied Electronics’ and the Allied Electronics logo are trademarks of Allied Electronics, Inc.

An Electrocomponents Company. http://ept.hotims.com/34480-19

18

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Wireless Designs

CONCEPTS OF

By Joe Tillison, technology director, Avnet Electronics Marketing

wireless sensor networking

The proliferation of ‘smart’ energy management applications and the abundance of inexpensive, standardsbased wireless microcontrollers (MCUs) are stimulating the growth of wireless sensor/ actuator networks (WSAN) across diverse markets, including home and building automation, telehealth, and lighting.

But, inexperience with RF design and the profusion of wireless protocols will continue to persist as some of the biggest challenges for the application developer.

This article examines some of the basic concepts of wireless sensor networks, the essential elements comprising a wireless sensor, and some of the important design considerations for using them.

A wireless sensor/actuator network is a randomly spaced array of devices that provide three essential functions; the ability to monitor physical and environmental conditions – often in real time – such as temperature, pressure, light and humidity; the ability to operate switches, motors or actuators that control those conditions; and the ability to provide efficient, reliable communications via a wireless network.

The implementation of this last capability is the most unique to WSANs. WSANs are typically low data rate, low latency and self-organizing. Over-the-air data rates can range from 20kbps to 1Mbps, with achievable latencies under 10 ms.

Self-organizing networks allow new nodes to join the network automatically, without the need for manual intervention, and are capable of dynamic self-healing; reconfiguring link associations to form alternative pathways around failed or powered-down nodes. The network usually includes a gateway node which bridges the WSAN to upstream networks and user applications.

The specific algorithms used for network formation, auto configuration, routing, etc. are determined by the communication protocol – the language of the network. Features that differentiate one protocol from another ultimately determine the network’s performance, flexibility and cost. Some protocols like ZigBee and WirelessHART have been widely adopted, but the WSAN landscape is clouded with dozens of competing and non-interoperable protocols, each having its own pros and cons.

A great many of these are proprietary.

A protocol backed by a large industry alliance offers the promise of multi-vendor interoperability, while a proprietary protocol could potentially lock you to a single source for future revisions. On the other hand, some proprietary protocols offer a networking solution tuned to specific performance parameters like simplicity, low cost or low power.

Unfortunately, there is unlikely to ever be a convenient, ubiquitous standard for WSANs analogous to Wi-Fi for data communications. Instead, some protocols will emerge as de-facto standards for the application areas for which they are best suited. ZigBee, for example, with nearly $500M in US. Smart Grid grants to alliance members, is the odds-on favorite to emerge as the dominant standard for smart energy and home/building automation applications.

WirelessHART, an extension of the established (wired) Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART) protocol, is well established in industrial automation applications and is supported by the HART Alliance.

ISA100.11a, also used in industrial applications, is related to WirelessHART but can transport Modbus, Profibus and Fieldbus protocols. Perhaps one of the most intriguing, the 6LoWPAN protocol which is promoted by the IP for Small Objects (IPSO) Alliance, enables small embedded devices to communicate across IPv6 networks. 6LoWPAN defines a special IP adaptation layer that fits in the small memory footprint of resource constrained devices, enabling them to be internet accessible. Last May, The ZigBee Alliance and IPv6 Forum established strategic relationships with the IPSO Alliance to speed the adoption of IP networked smart objects, a step in the direction of the future Internet of Things.

Because WSAN nodes need to be located near the parameter being monitored or controlled, the node’s design is typically optimized for small physical size and low power consumption. The components of a sensor node will include a MCU, memory, an RF transceiver, the sensor/actuator interface, a power source, and firmware which includes the networking protocol stack (Figure 1).

MCUs used in sensor nodes are typically low-power, resource constrained devices;

350/250/150MHz Digital Storage Oscilloscope

Fig. 1: Block diagram of a sensor node

thus the protocol stack must be small and efficient, often squeezing into 64KB – 128KB of internal MCU memory that is also shared with the sensor’s application code.

Stacks can be optimized around various performance needs such as standards compliance, power efficiency, speed of execution, memory footprint, etc.

There seems to be an endless number of tradeoffs, which is one of the reasons there are so many protocol stack options to choose from. MCU suppliers generally provide tested and certified stacks at no charge for customers using their devices, including standards-compliant stacks like ZigBee and 6LoWPAN as well as their own (usually simpler) proprietary stacks.

Fig. 2: Average power over sleep/ active duty cycle

Sensor nodes are often battery powered. Typically the node’s power consumption is minimized by alternating between fully active and power-sipping sleep modes (Figure 2). A sleeping WSAN node might wake up to perform a task in as few as ten milliseconds every several minutes, leaving the MCU to spend over 99.9% of its working life in sleep mode.

Today many MCU suppliers offer parts with sub-1µA sleep current, providing up to several years of operating life on a single CR2032 lithium coin cell. Equally important to the tiny sleep current,

GDS-3000 Series

www.instek.ca Tradeport Electronics Group

1750 Steeles Avenue West, Unit 5, Concord, ON L4K 2L7 Tel: 905-660-3797 • Fax: 905-660-3019 • Toll Free: 1-800-379-4620 • Email: sales@tradeport.on.ca

the MCU must have the ability to wake up quickly, have the processing power to rapidly execute the application task which includes processing through the communications protocol, and return to sleep mode in as little time as possible, minimizing the time spent in active mode. The sensor’s total average power consumption will be determined by the contribution from both power specs and by the active/sleep duty cycle.

Increasingly one of the more intriguing means for powering wireless sensor nodes is by harvesting ambient energy from the sensor’s environment. A surprising number of ambient energy sources are capable of providing adequate electrical power for the meager needs of a low duty cycle sensor node, offering the potential for self-powered, zero maintenance sensors.

For example, by exploiting the piezoelectric effect, small vibration energy harvesters can tune into vibrations as small as 1gRMS in the 50Hz – 200Hz range to provide milliwatts of continuous power. A commonly available 2in2 photovoltaic cell can provide 50µW continuously from a normally lit office environment with as little as 300lux of ambient light. When combined with small rechargeable batteries, either of these can provide ample power for a low duty cycle sensor node.

The RF transceiver is another critical component in the wireless sensor’s design. Highly integrated transceivers for low power RF applications are commonly available today that include all of the essential RF circuitry in a single small package. These include frequency options covering both the sub-GHZ and 2.4GHz ISM bands, and a range of modulation options including FSK, OOK, BPSK and QPSK. One particularly noteworthy radio for WSANs is the IEEE Std 802.15.4 radio.

This sophisticated spread-spectrum radio was originally defined in 2003, and is commonly available from many IC suppliers for under $3 in low volumes.

It provides up to 250kbps data rate in up to 16 non-overlapping channels, using the 868/915MHz and 2.45GHz ISM frequency bands and multiple modulation options. It was designed specifically to support large, low-power, low data rate mesh networks, and is the underlying radio standard for ZigBee, WirelessHART and 6LoWPAN as well as many of the proprietary protocols alluded to earlier.

The chip industry is progressively offering more integrated SoC devices optimized for WSAN applications. These typically integrate ultra-low power MCUs with standards based RF devices like the IEEE Std 802.15.4 radio. There are even early hints of an emerging trend toward offering devices pre-programmed with ROM-based protocol stacks to further simplify the software development task.

Module suppliers take this even further, see next page

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-6

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

wireless designs

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Long distance industrial wireless transmitters deliver flexibility

Handheld micro-OTDR assists installing, maintaining optical networks

UWXL long distance industrial wireless transmitters and receivers provide flexibility for process measurement applications. Product has a IP68 rated industrial enclosure, includes free software that converts your PC into a multichannel chart recorder or data logger and is compatible with both of Omega’s UWTC-REC and UWXL-REC wireless receivers.

Devices are suitable for applications where temperature, infrared temperature, relative humidity, process transducers with standard voltage or current outputs, flow (pulsed frequency) as well as pH. Thermocouple, RTD, Infrared Temperature, RH, Ph, Process Voltage/Current and Flow/Pulsed Frequency Input Models are available.

OMEGA

MT9090A Network Master Micro-OTDR tool for the installation and maintenance of optical networks, provides the high performance, ease of use and portability. Unit provides 5cm resolution for accurate mapping of events.

With less than 1 meter (3 feet) dead zones, the device can conduct fast and accurate evaluations of central offices, FTTx cables, and intra-building cables.

ANRITSU

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SoC device simplifies embedding RF in wireless sensor networks ADuCRF101 ultra-low-power SoC (system-on-chip) device integrates all RF transmit and receive functions, data conversion and processing elements required to enable a fully programmable radio. Device provides a 12-bit ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a 32-bit microprocessor core, on-chip SRAM and FLASH memory and an ISM-band radio transceiver.

Product is suitable for a range of remote, battery-powered wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, including utility meters, medical telemetry systems, building automation, asset tracking and security systems.

ANALOG DEVICES http://ept.hotims.com/34480-87

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Broadband 6-Bit digital step attenuators boost performance RFSA2614 and the RFSA2624 broadband 6-bit digital step attenuator product portfolio is optimized for operation across multiple market segments, including 3G/4G/LTE cellular infrastructure, WiMAX, wireless backhaul and other high-performance wireless communications applications.

RF MICRO DEVICES http://ept.hotims.com/34480-91

PaPIRs

Passive Infrared Motion Sensor

Signal-to-noise generators come in multiple bands CNG-EbNo series of precision signalto-noise generators are designed for Carrier-to-Noise (C/N), Carrier-toNoise density (C/No), Signal-to-Noise (S/N), Carrier-to-Interferer (C/I) and Bit Energy-to-Noise density (Eb/No) analysis. Products come in a variety of off-the-shelf frequency bands, as well as customized frequency bands. Unit is available in 50 or 75 ohms impedance versions, with a signal input range is -55 dBm to +5dBm. WIRELESS TELECOM GROUP http://ept.hotims.com/34480-88

from previous page

offering complete wireless modules that include the MCU, radio, protocol stack, and in many cases even the antenna, in a small integrated module that is already tested and certified to FCC/ETSI/ IC requirements. Modules provide a quicker path to market, and potentially large cost savings compared to the expense of an in-house custom design. With complete modules priced between $10 and $20, and the underlying component bill of materials accounting for twothirds of that, the make vs. buy analysis often doesn’t show an economic benefit for custom designs until volumes exceed 50k units.

To be sure, wireless sensor/actuator networks will be used to help us more efficiently manage our energy consumption, and will enable interesting new applications that employ information from smart sensors. But the system developer is faced with a confounding variety of options for devices, radio standards and the ever-important network protocol. Fortunately, component suppliers have simplified the design task by providing pre-tested software stacks for ultra-low-power MCUs, sophisticated standardscompliant RF ICs, and even fully integrated and pre-certified off-the-shelf modules designed for WSAN application.

For more coverage of WSAN topics, including protocols and available development kits from Avnet Electronics Marketing, go to http://ept.hotims.com/34480-89

Low Power Motion Sensor With Fully Integrated Design • Battery & Wireless Applications – Low Current Consumption: 1, 2, 6μA • Residential & Commercial Lighting Applications – Integrated Circuit Design Minimizes Noise Interference • Smooth Lens Surface With Low Curvature • 3mm Diameter Micro Lens Option • 12M Detection Distance Available

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19

20

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

Optoelectronics & Displays Fault tolerant LED driver delivers 240mA total via 2-channels

Compact LED driver boosts plug-and-play performance

A8515 Multi-output white LED driver for LCD backlighting has advanced protection features to provide optimized viewing.

Device integrates a current-mode boost converter with internal power switch and two current sinks. The boost converter can drive up to 24 LEDs at 120mA. Two LED current sinks can also be paralleled together to achieve LED currents up to 240mA. Device can operate from a single power supply from 5V to 40V. The low 720mV regulation voltage on LED current sources reduces power loss and improves efficiency.

ALLEGRO MICROSYSTEMS

SFDMD Series Smart Force plug-andplay LED driver solutions enhances performance for high-power, highbrightness mid-size LED-backlit displays. Device is less than 5mm high, with a footprint of only 2.782” (70.66 mm) x 0.96” (24.4 mm). Product delivers wide input voltage range of 3-20V and can be modified to work from 3.3V, 5V or 12V input voltage, with an LED string voltage of up to 38.5V and an output current drive of 30 mA x 6 strings.

ENDICOTT RESEARCH GROUP

http://ept.hotims.com/34480-74

SoCs for LCD digital TVs reduce package size by 45% R8A66983BG and R8A66980BG compact and power efficient systemon-chip (SoC) products integrate in a single package the main signal processing functions, such as video and audio processing, and highpicture quality required in LCD digital televisions for the North American market. The R8A66983BG SoC supports full HD, and the R8A66980BG SoC supports WXGA. Products have a mounting area of 17 × 17mm), reduced by approximately 45% from firm’s existing SoC products RENESAS ELECTRONICS AMERICA http://ept.hotims.com/34480-75

Wide viewing technology on TFT-LCDs enhances color fidelity Family of TFT-LCDs provides Super Wide View (SWV) technology that enhances image quality and wide viewing angles with maximum color accuracy. SWV solves the color shifting problems inherent in traditional twisted nematic (TN) and Vertical Alignment (VA) type displays. SWV reduces the amount of light scattering in the matrix, provides a super wide viewing angle of greater than 170º, and ensures that colors will be the most accurate when viewed from any direction.

OPTREX AMERICA http://ept.hotims.com/34480-76

Memory LCD suite adds three new sizes Three new sizes join firm’s memory LCD suite: 2.94-inch, 6.0-inch, and a 2.7-inch Transflective display. 1.35inch memory LCDs are also available.

Products are high-contrast, highresolution monochrome displays that allow denser content than many other types of same-sized LCDs. Device is suitable for e-book readers, smart meters, medical monitoring devices, white goods and fish finders.

SHARP MICROELECTRONICS AMERICAS

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LED lighting controller power factor corrects TPS92210 Single-stage LED lighting pulse width modulation (PWM) controller is a TRIAC-dimmable solution that regulates LED current and achieves near unity power factor. The reference design can achieve 85% efficiency, which enables high-density, small form factor designs. Device provides flexible operation modes such as peak primary current, constant on-time and frequency modulation.

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-79

Infrared power TopLED with stack chip technology boosts radiance from a small area SFH4250S stack power TOPLED emits almost double the infrared light compared to the standard component SFH4250. The IR LED achieves a radiant intensity of 22mW/sr (typ.) and a total radiant flux of 70mW in continuous operation at 70mA driving current. With its high radiance, the component enables the design of very compact lighting units. In existing designs, the effective range can be increased significantly.

OSRAM OPTO SEMI http://ept.hotims.com/34480-80

Super high bright 8.0” SVGA LED TFT provides LVDS interface OSD080T0719-29 8.0-inch SVGA provides a high bright LED backlight, up to 1300 nits (cd/m2) for industrial and medical applications. The 800 x 600 color TFT includes an LVDS interface and is capable of full video, wider viewing angles than passive displays, greater color depth and boasts a 500:1 contrast ratio and 262K Colors. Product is fully RoHS Complaint and available with and without a resistive touch panel.

OSD DISPLAYS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-81

LED delivers high power, luminosity in advanced apps

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Yi LED Lighting Series is high power, high brightness and economic with 5W power consumption in a compact ceramic package. LED is a 4-chip device with very low thermal resistance, as a result of the ceramic substrate. Surface-mount high-power device provides high brightness combined with a compact size (6x6x4.28mm). With the capability of 700mA driving currents, the products can be driven up to 5 watts.

EVERLIGHT ELECTRONICS http://ept.hotims.com/34480-82

CUstom mediCAl imAging lenses Wide variety of lens assemblies in stock for high-res diagnostic cameras. Over 60 years of design and manufacturing experience.

1000s of Lens Sizes in Stock.

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Thin, flexible LED backlight 88% thinner than standard technologies QuantumBrite Flexible LED Backlight technology is completely customizable in any shape, size and color, and up to 88% thinner and can cost up to 80% less than standard LED backlight technology. Product is made out of an ultra-thin polycarbon film and is only 0.6mm thick on its widest side.Device can be used for non-traditional applications, such as logo enhancement or indirect lighting.

LUMEX http://ept.hotims.com/34480-83

Lighting-Class LEDs deliver 1000 Lumens at 100 Lumens per Watt Cool white (6500 K) XLamp XM-L LEDs deliver 1000 lumens with 100 lumens per watt efficacy at 3A. In a compact 5 mm x 5 mm footprint, device provide combination of very high efficacy at very high drive currents delivering light output and efficacy of 160 lumens per watt at 350 mA and up to 315 lumens and 150 lumens per watt at 700 mA, providing a 20 percent efficiency gain.

CREE http://ept.hotims.com/34480-84

full online product listings at ept.hotims.com

optoelectronics & displays

electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

PROXIMITY Solutions for emerging DETECTION and innovative applications purpose replacement. Since the range of sensitivity is easily adjustable by the design engineer, a setting of a few millimeters would appear to users to be like a touch switch that you don’t need to touch, and that works fine even when gloves are worn.

Proximity Detection based switches can add to consumer convenience to power on or off televisions, computers, air conditioners, and a myriad of other devices. For medical equipment applications, Proximity Detection based switches can eliminate or minimize the need to touch controls, thereby reducing the spread of germs.

For power tools, user presence detection can improve product safety by automatically shutting off if the tool is dropped. Alarm clocks can be made with touch-less snooze switches.

The built-in water and ice dispensers in refrigerators can detect the presence of a glass. Robotic vacuums can detect walls and furniture without the need for mechanical bumper switches. Printers can detect whether paper is present without mechanical switches. Bathroom scales can turn on automatically as feet approach.

This article explains several technical details, including ambient IR compensation, for a variety of applications that help reduce power consumption, increase privacy, augment consumer convenience and enhance styling.

Anybody who has been through a modern airport or pushed a shopping cart through a supermarket doorway has come in contact (or more precisely, not come in contact, but gotten close) with a technology that has been around for decades, though until recently was largely limited to a handful of familiar applications. This technology — Proximity Detection — senses when someone comes close to a door, or puts their hands under a water faucet, or walks away from a toilet, and then electronically triggers an event (such as toilet flush, or door opening).

With the recent advent of the iPhone and other smartphones, a need arose for a new form of Proximity Detection that uses far less power and occupies much less space than traditional designs. This has led to the invention of a new generation of Proximity Detection solutions that are just now beginning to find a wider variety of applications beyond smartphones.

This article will explain what these new Proximity Detection solutions are and how they work, and outline a few of the many applications where they can help save power, minimize wear and tear, improve hygiene and provide other tangible user benefits at minimal incremental BoM cost.

How proximity detection works Today’s Proximity Detection technology utilizes reflected radio (microwave), IR energy, or sound energy (ultrasonic waves), with infrared (IR) energy being the preferred signal type for most electronics applications. IR energy has numerous advantages, including the fact that it’s invisible and can be transmitted through darkened glass or translucent materials. (Capacitance-based systems depend on human skin, and won’t sense walls or other objects, or work with some gloves.)

With reflected IR technology, an infrared emitting diode emits IR energy towards the target object. If the target object is not present there will be no reflected energy. If the target object is present, the IR energy will reflect off the object and be directed towards the sensor, and if this reflected energy exceeds a predetermined level a “proximity event” is declared (see Figure 1). Note that the IR emitting diode is commonly referred to as an “IR LED” — and we’ll use that convention here.

A block diagram of the main components is shown in Figure 2. The LED only emits IR when triggered by the proximity detector, saving power.

(The IR wavelength is typically 850, 880 or 940nm.) The proximity detector is a mixed-signal device that detects and gathers the IR energy and converts it into a digital format for processing.

Inside the proximity detector an internal IR photodiode creates a current that’s proportional to the sensed IR energy. This energy is accumulated and then converted to a digital format by ADCs (analog-to-digital converters).

The proximity detector also contains comparators that can be set to specific energy levels to create an interrupt to the MCU/Microprocessor when specific energy levels have been detected (or cease to be detected, such as when someone moves away from a computer).

The proximity detector system interface is typically an industry standard, such as I2C, for easy connection to the MCU/microprocessor. The MCU/

w w w. e p t . c a

microprocessor manages the setup and configuration of the proximity sensor and executes a proximity detection algorithm appropriate for the system implementation.

Proximity Detection and ALS: IR Proximity Detection technology is closely related to Ambient Light Sensing FIG 1: IR proximity detection (ALS) technology. While Proximity Detection requires a measurement of infrared energy level, ALS determines the level of visible (photopic) light, and is very useful for adjusting screen brightness to save power — making the screen its brightest only when ambient light levels are high.

As space in a handset is extremely tight, TAOS has responded to market needs by developing a new generation of devices that combine a digital ambient light sensor and Proximity Detection. With ALS and Proximity Detection combined into a single FIG 2: Proximity detection system components monolithic silicon chip, designers have more space and a more power efficient way to control display screens.

There are many applications where both ALS and Proximity Detection New Applications: are relevant to the same piece of equipment, especially for display and Future applications may go even touch screen applications. In a cell further by combining multiple phone, ALS adjusts screen brightness proximity sensors to recognize hand to save power in indoor light, while movements and gestures for advanced Proximity Detection shuts off the touch FIG 3: TAOS proximity detection systems controls such as display scrolling, screen when the phone is brought up compensate for ambient IR by subtracting the page selection and menu navigation. to the ear. In a TV set, ALS can adjust background IR level on every cycle of the IR LED, With several sensors mounted along brightness while Proximity Detection preventing saturation. the right side of a computer display, turns the set on and off with a wave for example, the timing of the sensors of the hand, or activates an onscreen menu. Or a TV may dim the can be compared to determine whether a user is waving their screen at night, and also shut it off entirely if no one is nearby. (For hand up or down, thus determining whether the displayed page more information about ALS technology as it applies to TV design, should scroll up or down. see “Ambient Light Sensing in Green TVs.”) With proper calibration, Proximity Detection can also be used to measure not just whether or not someone is present, but how close he or she is. Some 3D displays — especially those that do Applications not require wearing special glasses — can benefit from knowing As the availability of low-cost, low-power off-the-shelf Proximity the distance to a viewer in order to present the best possible Detection solutions is still relatively recent, new applications experience. Display systems may be optimized for a viewer’s are appearing constantly, and many have yet to be dreamed of. focal point.

Broadly speaking, we can divide them into two categories — those For more information on proximity detection from TAOS Inc., involving displays or touchscreens, and non-display applications. go to http://ept.hotims.com/34480-85

Display and Touchscreen Applications: Touchscreens are a booming business, with sales expected to grow from $3.6 billion in 2008 to $9 billion by 2015, and penetration in cell phones growing from 16% (representing 220-million units) to 40% over that same time. Practically every one of these can benefit from Proximity Detection. In addition to shutting off the touchscreen when the phone is brought to the head, the phone can also go into speakerphone mode automatically when a hand is removed.

For PC display screens and TVs, Proximity Detection can be used to activate onscreen menus without touching the display, or turn a display or TV on and off, or go into standby mode when no one is watching. In a digital camera, detecting the user’s eye approaching the camera can dim or power-off the display, and disable the touchscreen.

For laptops and netbooks, Proximity Detection offers more efficient power management than the traditional timers that wait for the user to stop activity before powering down. As soon as the user moves away from the computer, it goes into a power saving mode. For desktop PC display screens, Proximity Detection offers the “green” advantage of power savings plus the added benefit of privacy. In office environments where sensitive documents are being worked with, the possibility of these documents being seen by unauthorized eyes is reduced if the screens turn off or the PCs enter standby mode whenever a worker gets up and walks away from their desk.

For eBooks, portable game consoles, media players, portable DVD players, navigation systems and other portable devices Proximity Detection systems can extend battery life by automatically powering down or shutting off the display when not in use.

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Non-Display Applications: If you think of Proximity Detection as a replacement for switch technology, you get a sense of the expansive array of potential applications. As touch-sensitive switches have gradually been replacing mechanical switches for many applications, Proximity Detection based switches have similar potential as a general-

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electronic products and technology • january-february 2011

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