Clyde Gateway - Walkway Design Study

CLYDE GATEWAY RIVER ACCESS STUDY a feasibility study for public realm improvements along the clyde walkway at the 2014 commonwealth games athlete’s village july 2008

CLIENT GROUP

CONSULTANTS

Ae d a s La n d s c a p e & E n v i r o n m e n t

M E C H A N I C A L & E L E C T R I C A L E N G I N E E R S

“the (river) must once more become the heart of the capital and means of contact and communication rather than of separation. once centres of activity along its banks are established and thriving, demand will follow for travel from one riverside node to another.” / richard rogers on the thames from ‘cities for a small planet, faber & faber 1997’/

CLYDE GATEWAY RIVER ACCESS STUDY I JULY 2008

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introduction historical background analysis

land use

movement and access points

movement and access points - local

green network strategy

key views

swot analysis riverside precedents design development master plan strategy

concept

master plan

action plan detailed strategy

detail 1 - piazza

detail 2 - nodal point

detail 3 - exemplar zoning of waterfront

detail 4 - grass terraces design exemplars 2014 commonwealth games - legacy features consultees lighting budget costs

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P U R P O S E OF STUDY

glasgow green

celtic park bridgeton station tollcross park

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dalmarnock station

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cuningar loop

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richmond prak

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1) The following document forms a public realm strategy for the part of the Clyde Walkway which abuts the proposed location of the 2014 Commonwealth Games Athlete’s Village (around the northern apex of the Cuningar Loop) & is undertaken by Aedas Landscape & Environment & FotoMa lighting architects (with KJ Tait M&E engineers). Carr, McLean & Watson have provided quantity surveying support.

2) A tree assessment & woodland management strategy for a larger section of the Clyde Walkway on the north bank of the Clyde from Glasgow Green in the west to Clydeford Road in the east and then onto the south side of the river up to Carmyle weir. This is entitled ‘Survey of Woodland Within the Clyde Gateway Access Project’ & is undertaken by Arboretum Internationale.

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The commission is split into two separately bound documents, although they are related relative to the Clyde Walkway;

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Aedas were appointed by South Lanarkshire Council on behalf of the Clyde Gateway URC and The Glasgow and Clyde Valley Green Network Partnership in May 2008 to look at a key strategic component of the Green Network access infrastructure within the Clyde Regeneration Area. The aim is to enhance the access network to a level that will stimulate a significant increase in public & visitor use. The intention is to set a quality standard that will become a benchmark for future works across the whole Glasgow Clyde Valley area.

st. peter’s cementry auchenshuggle woods

toryglen park

rutherglen station

STUDY STRUCTURE The study will address the site itself in terms of Land Use, movement & access & how the site links to the Green Network Strategy completed by Land Use Consultants. It will present a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats (SWOT) analysis & also briefly illustrate how other cities on a world scale have addressed their own waterfronts. This will culminate in a concept, a series of sketch ideas, design development & culminates in a Masterplan for the 1.1km section of riverfront.

fig. 1 - area of study

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CONTEXT The 2014 Commonwealth Games will provide a lasting legacy for Glasgow and its environs.

The village itself will occupy an area adjacent to 1.1km of river waterfront separated from the river by the Clyde Walkway. The walkway will also provide access & proximity to the following facilities (some created specifically for The Games) which will become part of a lasting legacy that residents & visitors will benefit from; • • • •

Celtic Park National Indoor Sports Arena (NISA) Velodrome National Swimming Centre at Tolcross

The first three could become centred around a Commonwealth Plaza – a high quality civic space.

These facilities will put additional focus onto the Clyde Walkway as it becomes a major link for pedestrians & cyclists, westwards from & to the city centre and into the heart of the East End Regeneration Area as well as for athlete’s during the Games (as a security measure, this section of the Clyde Walkway is likely to be closed to the general public at this time). The Athlete’s village will consist of approximately 1200 homes with approximately a quarter as social housing.

This study builds upon 3 previous studies – • Clyde Gateway Green Network Strategy • Clyde Waterfront Green Network Strategy, • The River Clyde Access Project It has also taken on board access proposals within the GCC Core Paths Plan for river access and referred to the initial Athlete’s Village Masterplan for the 2014 Commonwealth Games Bid document. Also, Gillespie’s Cuningar Loop Masterplan for South Lanarkshire Council envisages a mix-use development within ground formed by the large meander in the river Clyde directly opposite the Games Village with a significant visitor attraction at its heart.

Amongst all these various studies are proposals for new Clyde crossing points (with some advocating 4-5) to increase, invigorate & instigate connectivity through the area.

fig. 2 - site location

Priority projects to the north of the study area include London Road which could have its public realm enhanced once through traffic is removed to the M74 extension. To the west Dalmarnock Riverside Park & Dalmarnock Road Station Plaza could also become civic spaces connected to the Clyde Walkway.

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HISTORY OF SITE Ease of access along the Clyde Walkway is not a contemporary issue. In the early 19th century stood the house of Westhorn, owned by local whisky distiller Thomas Harvey & located a kilometre upriver of the site. His grounds went down to the bank of the Clyde & in order to protect his privacy from people walking the ‘popular Clydeside Footpath’ built ‘Harvey’s Dyke’, (walls either end of his property) which closed off a 1 mile section to the public. In 1822, an angry mob began dismantling it which required troops to intervene. After this wall reconstruction began again but was challenged in the courts & on appeal the charges against the offenders were quashed.

At this time, the Clyde Walkway was a right of way, effectively a towpath.

The 1865 map below illustrates the more rural nature of this part of the Clyde with a series of country villas like Westhorn and Belvidere (which later became the infectious diseases hospital), cottages, farms & lanes.

Although, the landscape of the area has urbanised over time, industry has existed for over 200yrs with a series of print & dye works e.g. Springfield Print & Dye works on the Games Village site & there was a waterworks within the Cuningar Loop in 1865. As industry grew, the area subsequently suffered from the dumping of waste from the industrial processes leading to the contamination issues & brownfield sites experienced today.

rutherglen bridge (1884)

westthorn (1822)

dalmarnock railway bridge (1964) - demolished

Harvie’s Dyke by William Simpson (1823-1899)

springfield primary school at allan st (1969) new trees now mature along clyde walkway

westthorn

map of the site (1865)

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© Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence Number 1000332510

LAND USE What has remained in the narrow corridor of the Clyde Walkway to this day is an extensive green buffer which (particularly in summer) conceals much of the surrounding industry, housing & derelict land. In fact, the walker & cyclist can be oblivious to the landscape to the north as a result. It is this aspect which creates the ‘green’ character of a rural ride within the confines of the city.

The vast majority of the riverbank trees are self sown, which in conjunction with trees north of the walkway create the dense corridor. Much of the embankment was stone pitched during Victorian times and over time river deposited silts from flooding & slippages from higher up the embankment have created a growing medium for the trees. This medium is unstable and once the trees mature they are likely to fall into the river causing a hazard to boats (particularly rowers). In some places the tree roots have prised themselves into the stone pitching, lifting stones & inducing a bank side weak point susceptible to erosion.

Today, the area is in transition. The long term decline of the industrial base has affected the social infrastructure of the area but the Clyde Gateway Regeneration along with The Commonwealth Games and a further key asset of the Cuningar Loop proposals all have the potential to revitalise the area and they can all feature the Clyde Walkway as a main arterial access route. fig. 3 - land use analysis river

institutional

natural scrub regeneration

industry

recreation (sports & parks)

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green corridor site boundary

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primary distribution roads london road

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main pedestrian and cycle paths

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strategic connection point existing river access point potential river access point potential water sport access point potential bridge links A 74

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river athlete’s village games venues

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1 glasgow green north

athletics marathon

cycling road time trial 2 glasgow green south

hockey 3 celtic park

opening ceremony 4 nisa - badminton 5 velodrome - cycling track 6 national swimming centre

aquatics & swimming

fig. 4 - movement and access points analysis

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Š Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence Number 1000332510

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springfield road A1

dalmarnock bridge l vehicular, cycle and pedestrian access

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dalmarnock bridge l pedestrian access

springfield primary school l cycle and pedestrian access A5

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millerfield road l pedestrian access - view from north

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fig. 5 - movement and access points analysis - local

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link to springfield road l pedestrian access

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cairncraig street l vehicular and pedestrian access view from the walkway

cairncraig street l pedestrian access

link to london road l pedestrian access

MOVEMENT & ACCESS Current access points are concealed, threatening to the user and lack DDA compliance in many instances to reach The Clyde Walkway.

primary distribution roads

main pedestrian and cycle paths

secondary distribution roads

clyde walkway

minor roads

pedestrian or/and bicycle access

residential roads

vehicular access

railway

potential watersport access point (acc core plan) river athlete’s village boundary

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open green spaces : A glasgow green B richmond park C cuningar loop D st. peter’s cementry E tollcross park F toryglen park G brunhill sports pitches

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river clyde green corridor

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strategic green network links A 74

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clyde gateway boundary roads

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railway rutherglen

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railway station

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main pedestrian and cycle paths clyde walkway strategic connection point river athlete’s village fig. 6 - analysis of green network strategy

Clyde Gateway Green Network Strategy Corridors (by LUC):

1 : Tory Glen - Richmond Park 2 : Glasgow Green - Dalmarnock Cross - Cuningar 3 : Rutherglen Town Centre/Rutherglen Station - Celtic Park/Camlachie Cementry 4 : Dalmarnock Bridge - Cuningar - Tollcross 5 : Rutherglen Town Cenre - St Peter’s cementry - Braidfauld/Tollcross Park

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Š Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence Number 1000332510

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existing view

fig. 7 - analysis of key viewpoints

potential/currently obscured view existing clearing 9

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existing woodland vegetation

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Š Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence Number 1000332510

existing access path enclosed by retaining walls

5 1.5m high retaining wall level difference

existing road proposed green corridor

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2.5m high retaining wall in poor condition level difference

6 small island nature values

tree canopies interlock creating feeling of enclosure, concealing river views

existing stepped access onto widened area of walkway 4 existing access with steps

low retaining wall potential seating element 3

branches encroaching onto path feeling of enclosure

3 2 area with large potential

embankment 1 open area of grassland large potential for recreation

weaknesses - picture reference

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strengths - picture reference existing access path embankment

vegetation concealing views to water

woodland blocks creating enclosed open space with openings - views to river

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retaining wall 1 2

vegetation concealing views to water

existing railing overgrown by vegetation

fig. 8 - swot analysis

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large open view into grassland area

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embankment with mature tree belt, low retaining wall and railing on river side

embankment and mature vegetation create frame to widened area of walkway

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island on river - habitat for wildlife and enhancement of biodiversity

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existing widening of walkway in front of retaining wall

strengths

opportunities

presence of river riparian habitat/wildlife value existing vegetation creates rural feeling within city landscape values: meandering river and existing vegetation create openings and enclosures - constantly changing views giving prospect and refuge existing topography - terraced riverfront existing structures: walkway, retaining walls, railings, steps etc. - refurbishment

large potential for high quality recreation area as linear open space along river maintaining rural character and wildlife of riparian corridor within city enhancement of biodiversity through native species planting new housing development of athletes’s village generates activity and connectivity with clyde walkway and east end of Glasgow enhance landscape values by emphasising and managing existing elements (views, openings, vegetation, topography)

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alien species overgrowing native vegetation

bad condition of existing structures

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sense of enclosure created by existing vegetation

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access path enclosed by retaining walls

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unmaintained character of area adjacent to path

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tunnel of foliage feeling of enclosure

weaknesses

threats

high density of alien species eg Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed poor condition of existing structures (retaining walls, railings, surfacing, steps) lack of existing seating elements no existing lighting reduces use path too narrow for cycle/pedestrian use in places no existing attractions, areas of interest, points of orientation, destinations missing link to cuningar loop and south side of river existing woody, often thorny vegetation encroaching onto path - threatening and enclosed feeling anti-social behaviour eg. drinking, flytipping tree roots lifting path surface bankside vegetation conceals steep riverbank and deep water

safety issues: narrow path encroached by vegetation - sense of enclosure, poor visibility, cracking trees falling onto path dangerous/poor condition of existing structures (retaining walls, railings etc.) alien species suppressing native vegetation - difficult management potential of losing balance between rural character of the river and use as public realm risk of vandalism of new elements opportunities not grasped to provide north/south links with east/west walkway within new development instability of trees on and in stone pitching on river embankment leading to bank side erosion

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frankfurt I germany

city hall I london

formal green waterside edge more suited to city centre eg. broomielaw but note stepped access

focal nodal point where pathways meet as hard and soft solution

melbourne I australia green corridor to both banks of river providing access and bridging points to melbourne cricket ground

indianapolis I in,usa focal park and public open space where green bridge touches riverbank creating dramatic connection links

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thames barrier park I london public park created on waterside adjacent to focal feature / park acts as catalyst to encourage surrounding development of brownfield sites

olympic sculpture park I seattle dramatic formal response to waterfront / bisected by transport corridors but sculpture and elevated views instrumental in placemaking

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wroclaw I poland clear visibility to water’s edge with public access/tree cover behind waterside path / nodal focal point provided by bridge & raised seating areas

newcastle I uk the positive affect that a pedestrian/cycle bridge can have in regenerating two opposite banks of a river - newcastle and gateshead

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vancouver I usa natural shoreline to stanley park as public recreation area on pacific with parkland backdrop between shore and residential properties

malmo I sweden formal sculptural yet functional access to water’s edge and cantilevered viewing platform

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wellington I new zealand formal sculptural seating adjacent to ocean

malmo I sweden stone revetment with timber boardwalk and pontoon creates a hard solution to residential waterfront properties

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Concept & Masterplan

Action Plan

Currently, the greatest asset of The Clyde Walkway within the study area is the proximity to the river itself & its associated green corridor of trees. However, this screening of Walkway users from surrounding development & the brownfield sites of Glasgow’s east end & south riverbank also serves to provide one of its drawbacks. Both bankside & pathside vegetation screen the public from passive surveillance leading in places to feelings of vulnerability where the river itself forms a barrier to any form of escape. Developments such as the Athlete’s Village adjacent to The Clyde should assist through additional use & surveillance, but only if the new developments build in the strategic links & access points to encourage use.

The concept for this location, which can also applicable in other situations along the Clyde is therefore threefold;

The 3 nodal points A, B & C introduce a more urban-type character which link into the adjacent, proposed, residential development. These are detailed within Details 1-4.

• • •

Enhance biodiversity & visual quality whilst increasing public safety Enhance the user experience of the Public Realm along the linear route Enhance & create strategic links & nodes to increase connectivity

The route at present suffers from a lack of destinations, nodes of interest, orientation and also access to the south side of the river & the east end of Glasgow which reduces the opportunity for circular routes in either east/west or north/south directions. Although the Glasgow City north side of the river has the Clyde Walkway itself, the South Lanarkshire south side lacks this major asset due to ownership issues adjacent to the river. To fully realise the potential of this part of the river, the opportunity for north to south linkages across the river (involving new pedestrian/cycle bridges) is a strategic development that is already proposed within The GCC Core Paths Plan & one that will help to generate use for recreation & commuting. This is fully endorsed within this Masterplan and something that the legacy of the Commonwealth Games could potentially help generate.

The 2014 Commonwealth Games will establish (or reinforce) crucial destinations & nodes of interest within the locality, notably Celtic Park (& the proposal for a new Parkhead railway station), the National Indoor Sports Arena (NISA), Velodrome & swimming pool at Tolcross Park. All these features are within a short walking/cycling distance from The Clyde Walkway and have helped to inform where key strategic links should join the walkway from Springfield Road.

As the Masterplan for the Athlete’s village is yet to be finalised, this document has identified & recognised 3 areas in particular where it is recommended that the Masterplan take cognisance of the Clyde Walkway proposals so that both walkway & athlete’s village are integrated;

Between these node points, the rural character of The Clyde Walkway is to be retained & enhanced. The management of the vegetation is contained within a separate document’ ‘Survey of Woodland Within Clyde Gateway Access Project’ by Arboretum Internationale & addresses dead & dangerous trees as well as the eradication of invasive weeds of Japanese Knotweed & Giant Hogweed which has extensively colonised the banksides.

The linear walkway will also have environmental improvements affecting woodland management to enhance viewpoints, increase biodiversity & address safety as well as increase path widths to a minimum of 3m. Surfacing would be asphalt between the nodes as this is the most effective surface for cycling.

Related to the vegetation management is one of riverside safety. One of the issues which exists at present is that the density of vegetation between the Clyde Gateway & water’s edge obscures the steepness of the bankside & affects the visibility of any member of the public in difficulty. A school of thought exists that the bankside should be grass which would permit visibility and avoid trees falling into the water (particularly as the trees in many places are growing within an unstable layer of organic material on top of stone pitching).

There is merit in this argument & one that needs further discussion. It could perhaps become a long term management goal, phased over many years as it will considerably affect the character of the bankside and attract public complaint and reduce biodiversity value.

The issue of railings is dealt with as follows. Where pedestrian routes meet the Clyde Walkway obliquely or perpendicular, then pedestrian guardrails should be provided at the top of the embankment for approximately 5m up & downstream of this point (similar to where a path meets a road). Elsewhere, where the Walkway is parallel to the river with no links encroaching from the north, downed tree logs could be used to provide a visual margin to highlight the embankment presence for cyclists. Railings are not required here as the movement is parallel to the river.

There are 2 large retaining walls that exist within this section of the Clyde Walkway. It is anticipated that these are removed to create the nodal piazza’s but that the work is done as part of an advanced works contract as part of the Athlete’s Village proposals. An existing low retaining wall exists at the midpoint of the Walkway. This serves as a seating element & it would be retained & refurbished with a new pc concrete cope.

A ‘Green’ terrace – elevated position on a bend in the river B Nodal point/piazza – extending the green network from the north-west to the Cuningar Loop C Formal piazza & event space – shortest link to Springfield Road & sporting venues

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commonwealth games sports facilities

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green network corridor

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potential bridge link

cuningar loop

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linear park main pedestrian/cycle links to clyde walkway

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green network links clyde walkway public open space / nodal points A green terraces / potential area for landart B pedestrian/cycle nodal point / formal piazza C formal piazza and event place river fig. 9 - concept

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direct access to river from springfield rd and sporting venues DETAIL 1 piazza feature steps overviewing clyde and cuningar loop dda/cycle access to riverside walkway higher level clyde walkway

viewing platform

green network corridor

DETAIL 2 nodal point

viewing platform

lower level clyde walkway

existing access path to walkway

pedestrian/cycle bridge

dda/cycle access to riverside walkway

existing access path to walkway cuningar loop DETAIL 3 zoning of river waterfront

DETAIL 1 piazza

existing access path to walkway

DETAIL 4 grass terraces / land art boardwalk river access point DETAIL 3 zoning of river waterfront

gravel bank

fig. 10 - masterplan

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existing 1.5 and 2.0m high retaining walls to be demolished permitting creation of terraced piazza refer to DETAIL 1 piazza

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3.0m wide new graded path for dda/cycle and maintenance access on upper level (A-A)

refer to DETAIL 2 nodal point

A refer to DETAIL 3 zoning of river waterfront refurbish existing 0.5m high retaining wall with new render and cope

existing railing removed and replaced in key locations where access paths meet clyde walkway from the north

refer to DETAIL 4 grass terraces / land art

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existing view opened-up view

B for management of vegetation refer to survey of woodland within clyde gateway access project (arboretum internationale july 2008)

new viewpoint A-A, B-B

reshaping of embankment to north of clyde walkway

existing path widened to 3.0m and resurfaced

fig. 11 - action plan

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Detail 1 - Piazza

Detail 2 - Nodal Point

Detail 3 - Exemplar Zoning of River Waterfront

Detail 4 - Grass Terraces

This piazza is strategically positioned to link the Clyde Walkway with Springfield Road with a prominent pedestrian/cycle promenade linking the various sporting facilities that will ultimately become community legacies of the Games.

The Clyde Gateway Green Network Strategy document identifies the strategic ‘Green Corridor Link’ (Glasgow Green - Dalmarnock Cross - Cuningar Loop) and this needs to be incorporated into The Clyde Gateway & formally addressed at its intersection point.

Because the actual house form, road network & public realm for the Athlete’s village is unknown at this point, it is important to emphasise how its relationship with the Clyde Walkway will be critical in order to maintain the green corridor experience of the river corridor. Housing fronting the river will attract a premium for the river views, but here the public/private interface requires a specific landscape response.

Within the southern part of the corridor exists an area of grassed open space. This is strategically located facing south & at the southern bend in the river. Furthermore, it is also elevated & has existing woodland blocks which frame views up & down the river. It is one of the few areas where the character of the Walkway opens up within an extensive grassed area.

This point is also on the northern apex of the prominent Cuningar river meander affording a strategic, elevated viewpoint both up & down river. A small island also occupies the river channel here.

A change in level exists between the athlete’s village & the Clyde Walkway & the proposals utilise this to create a large south-facing, stepped terrace overlooking a public space with seating elements incorporated. There is the potential for a tensile canopy structure at the heart of this space & refreshment kiosks which will contribute to making an actual place that people not only travel through but stop at. Alternatively, the canopy structure could partially cover some of the steps (whether temporary or permanent) utilising the riverscape as a backdrop.

At the water’s edge, a wooden deck over the embankment at the Clyde Walkway level permits close access to views of the water’s edge.

Importantly, the Clyde Walkway widens to form this civic space at this point providing an important ‘activity node’ & legible ‘interchange’ point to link northwards into the east end. A change of materials to natural stone/high quality concrete & resin bound gravel would emphasise this.

Where this Green Corridor link from the North West meets the Clyde Walkway is the logical point that requires a new footbridge crossing of River Clyde to reach the south bank of the river & the South Lanarkshire Council proposed development (including major visitor attraction) within the Cuningar Loop.

This Green Corridor link should be reinforced through the Athlete’s Village so that a connected tree canopy is ultimately formed aligning with the arrival point at the bridge.

There is a change in level between the access point to the bridge & the Clyde Walkway and graded ramps would be required. A high level secondary Clyde Walkway in this section would link to the proposed Piazza further east in order to access a graded ramp to the east to permit cycle/pushchair/wheelchair access.

It is proposed to have direct river access here, beneath the bridge formed by dramatic pre-cast concrete steps descending into the water’s edge.

A structural hierarchy of roads/paths/access points & private garden space should restrict vehicles from the ‘green’ zone between the residential properties & the Clyde Walkway.

It is advantageous if all vehicle movement is restricted to a zone north of the riverside properties. This effectively will permit the landscape to dominate from building line to water’s edge thus benefiting users of the Walkway & occupiers of the residential properties.

A hedgerow would enclose private garden space around the building with a resident’s only path (effectively a pedestrian ‘back lane’) linking rear garden access to periodic residential access points onto the Clyde Walkway.

This provides the opportunity for a ‘green’ nodal point where the existing embankment can be remodelled to provide grass terraces as a piece of land art incorporating playful feature seating elements. Much as Sustrans have done visually on the national cycle routes (e.g. Art & the Travelling Landscape - Lambton Worm in Co. Durham) & which also exists on the M8 (e.g.

Grass Pyramids, Clydesdale Horse) it would provide a visual but also functional ‘event’ along the walkway & assist as a reference & orientation point.

This location also gives the opportunity to provide an access point at the river’s edge because of its open views in the form of a boardwalk through reeds. It should be noted however that the river is fast flowing & susceptible to quick changes in water level. Because of this, direct waterside access is contentious but worthy of design exploration.

Where the bridge touches down on the northern bank is another opportunity for mall scale commercial activity e.g. café kiosk should the Cuningar Loop proposals on the south side of the river be realised.

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fig. 12 - detail 1 - piazza

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bench seating

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DETAIL 3 - EXEMPLAR ZONING OF RIVER WATERFRONT

residential road

river access highlighted with trees

existing access path to clyde walkway upgraded view to river

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DETAIL 3 - EXEMPLAR ZONING OF RIVER WATERFRONT

vehicular zone restricted to north side of residential riverside development

residential building as character division

green corridor character to river from building line

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residential road limit of vehicular access

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residential pathway existing embankment clyde walkway corridor opened up - private retained by refurbished 2m wide grass strip next seating wall to path

terraced topography of riverfront emphasised rural character

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existing woodland

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2014 C O M M O N W E A L T H G A M E S - L E G A C Y F E A T U R E S

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fig. 16 - location of 2014 commonwealth games legacy features

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CONSULTEES Ethel-May Abel – Glasgow City Council (River Clyde) Jim Fleming - Glasgow City Council (River Walls and Embankments) Jolyon Gritton - Glasgow City Council (Access Officer) Alan Russell - Glasgow City Council (Development & Regeneration) George Vincent - Glasgow City Council (Commonwealth Games Public Realm) Simon Pilpell - South Lanarkshire Council (Access Officer) George Parsonage – Glasgow Humane Society

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LIGHTING BRIEF / GUIDELINE DOCUMENT This document has been created to help define in outline the strategic approach to the design of the architectural lighting that will be a key part of the 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site Development.

2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site has the potential to become a positive icon for a new and progressive Glasgow.

In line with recent developments completed in various other European and International cities, like London, Paris, Lille, Barcelona, Helsinki and Oslo well designed architectural lighting is more and more seen as a vital consideration at any major urban projects’ outset.

It is crucial therefore that this revitalised part of the city looks great both by day and by night. The unique city riverside location and intelligent architectural design provide a structure and series of spaces rich in possibilities.

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ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING IN GENERAL

SUSTAINABILITY / ENERGY

The architectural lighting design of the proposed 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site Development will be developed to ensure that the night-time image of the development more than complements its image by day.

Lighting design can and should contribute towards a development that fully engages night-time economy issues.

The Lighting Design of the 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site, should be developed to utilise design solutions that integrally promote a responsible attitude to environmental issues.

Exciting, friendly and safe city public spaces, cafes and restaurants should be considered that encourage people to come and enjoy the area during the evening.

In general terms the proposed architectural lighting of the various exterior public spaces and buildings that will combine to form the new 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site in Glasgow should be high quality, discrete and designed so that light is perceived without undue emphasis on the light fittings used to create it. Ideally most light fittings should be designed as simple in form and where design permits be located integral with particular architectural elements.

The lighting generally should be limited to utilise tones of white light reflecting of various key architectural surfaces and materials. If any architectural coloured lighting is suggested it will only be in response to very particular design criteria and will only be promoted after detailed design discussions with team and clients.

The proposals must balance creative architectural lighting design ideas and aesthetic issues with particular functional and statutory lighting requirements towards a seamless result.

In line with current interest in the avoidance of light pollution and wasted energy, lighting and systems are proposed that are designed to use clean or green power supplies and where lighting is directed and focussed, especially in all exterior environments, without contributing to unnecessary glare and sky light pollution.

Particular emphasis is placed on the flexibility and responsiveness of the Lighting design for each space. This is not however the only agenda. Environmental issues, electrical efficiency, ease of use and maintenance of all lighting and control systems is vital and should be integral to the development of the general Lighting design philosophy.

It is important that all the lighting design solutions used address maintenance issues and efficient energy usage.

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Where design allows, generally lighting should be specified that utilises, low energy efficient light sources, with long lamp life cycles and corresponding maintenance periods. The design policy is to ensure that any lighting designs are simple and straightforward to maintain. Numbers and types of different lamp and lighting sources used on the project should be rationalised and minimised, as design develops to ensure that from a users point of view lighting is efficient and easy to maintain.

Linking artificial lighting to external day-light conditions or to sensors activated by space use (using various sensors and photo-cells and time clocks) can make it possible to extend normal maintenance cycles as well as reduce energy use.

Where dimmable fluorescent, compact fluorescent, LED, tungsten and low voltage sources are used they will generally be under-run to extend their lamp life by at least 100%.

When selecting and specifying lighting the project policy is of only selecting and specifying established proven manufacturers and suppliers based on experience and design quality and sustainable selection.

Through the tender process it is vital that the project Lighting Architect (or Project Manager) actively monitor the supply chain to ward against poor quality substitutes and ‘grey’ import materials arriving on site. This is vital to ensure that any design vision and intent is delivered.

With today’s keen interest in the avoidance of light pollution and wasted energy the scheme must be developed in a manner that ensures that all Lighting design for the project is designed to minimise light spill and where possible use clean or green power supplies.

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NORTH - PIAZZA SPACE ACCESS FROM SPRINGFIELD ROAD AND SPORTING VENUES (NODE C) Uniform lighting of pedestrian paths with feature lighting to accent benches and deck to river edge. Lighting to steps and changes of level.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR ACCESS FROM CITY - PRIMARY ROUTE TO RIVER BANK AND BRIDGE (NODE B) Uniform lighting of pedestrian paths with feature lighting to accent bridge deck and viewing platform. tree avenue trees up-lit from ground recessed positions.

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GRASS TERRACES - LANDART / SOUTH PATH EDGE (NODE A) Uniform lighting of pedestrian paths with feature lighting to accent benches and deck to river edge.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / NORTH APPROACH PATH TREE AVENUES - PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS The lighting proposed for the main Green Network Corridor routes comprises of two main elements. Low level 4m high pedestrian area street pole mounted lights either located centrally to the six metre wide pedestrian and cycle path or located with a stepped zig zag arrangement between trees.

The street pole lights lighting would be supported by lighting that up-lights the avenue trees.

The appendix to this document illustrates three options for the pedstrian and cycle path pole mounted lighting fittings. Generally the design intent would be to use LED lighting street poles to light these areas. The LED units would be based on tried and tested units from at least two manufactures/ suppliers. The selection would only be based on suppliers that can demonstrate that best quality and Bin level warm white (3200K) LED are used form recognised and reputable LED manufacturers/suppiers.

Our research has resulted in both Philips and We-ef Lighting being currently the manufacturers that have produced lighting units that work and are of the quality and robustness that would be suitable for this type of urban public realm project.

In general terms based on an arrangement of stepped or zigzag pattern both the Philips City Wing LED street light and the We-ef OLC LED street light would produce safe levels of light across the path routes in line wit the recommendations of CIBSE / ILE 01 – Lighting the Environment: A Guide to Good Urban Lighting (1995) and CIBSE LG06 – The Outdoor Environment (1992).

The Architectural Specialist Feature Lighting should also be developed in a manner that complies with the principles of ILE ‘Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01’ (Table 1) which is a Institute of Lighting Engineers guidance document promoting best lighting practice and best approach to controlling light pollution and upwards spill light in urban areas.

The proposed 4m high LED street lights broadly would be located at between 12m and 16m centres to achieve recommended lighting light levels based on ILE Category E3 and E4 areas.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS Working with the LED Street Pole lighting the proposed lighting for the Green Network Corridor main link avenue areas would also include good quality ground recessed up-lighting for key trees along main routes. The light fittings propsed would be IP65 or IP67 and would be selected to meet all currently recognised best practice recommendations. Fittings would be fitted with heat reducion measures,anti-vandal fixings and integral glare control.

Tree uplights would also be located to ensure that light from these fittings actually lights the selected trees rather than lighting the sky and creating excess spill light.

Where public bench or seating features are proposed LED integral lighting details have been suggested to provide local accent lighting to bench plinths and seat edges. again this lighting would be integrated in a manner that ensures that light is focussed on exactly where it is required rather than creating excess spill light. Generally any LED integrated lighting will be specified as Warm White (3200K) colour temperature.

Where interpretive panels and exhibition display panels are suggested we have suggested that these are backlit using either T5 fluorescent lighting or LED backlighting within the metal urban display unit enclosure.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH OPTION 1 At the North end of the site where the main approach from Springfield Road and the Sports Venues occurs the lighting will change as the pedestrian and cycle path open out and form a piazza space. The LED street lighting is propsed to follow the river edge path system with lighting poles at approximately 1216m centres (depending on final light fitting selection).

The intention would be to relate the LED pole system directly to the task of providing safe levels of light along the upper and lower river edge path systems. Where the timber boardwalk deck is proposed at the waters edge lighting is suggested that will be integral with the ballustrade support system at the deck edge. This lighting would be developed to ensure that the light emitted is focussed to direct light away from the river and down onto the timber deck surface. From a ecological point of view we are keen to promote a responsible approach to how lighting is located at the waters edge and aim to ensure that minimal light spill is produced that may effect fish migration and breeding.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 2 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows step recessed led lights recessed in the stair risers at stair changes of angle and vertical fluorescent or LED linear lighting integral with the deck edge balustrade to light the deck edge.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 3 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This also involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows the use of low level metal halide bollard lights within the piazza space and vertical fluorescent or LED linear lighting integral with the deck edge balustrade to light the deck edge.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 4 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows lighting recessed within handrail elements that washes light down onto the adjacent stair surface and vertical fluorescent or LED linear lighting integral with the deck edge balustrade to light the deck edge.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 3 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This also involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows the use of low level metal halide bollard lights within the piazza space. These bollard units would use 35W Philips CDM metal halide lamps or the Philips Cosmopolis energy efficient metal halide warm white lamps.

Generally any bollard units would be chosen to adress vandalism issues and provide light without upwards spill light.

The bollards would also be specified that allow enough side light that the adajacent stair surfaces would be lit and safe after dark.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 2 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows step recessed led lights recessed in the stair risers at stair changes of angle and vertical fluorescent or LED linear lighting integral with the deck edge balustrade to light the deck edge.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACE / NORTH - OPTION 4 This version of the North River Edge Piazza node space shows an alternative lighting arrangement. This involves removing the 4m street poles within the piazza space so that the lighting is more low level moving away from the main pedestrian routes to the river edge deck condition.

This particular example shows lighting recessed within handrail elements that washes light down onto the adjacent stair surface and vertical fluorescent or LED linear lighting integral with the deck edge balustrade to light the deck edge.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACES / GENERIC STEP DETAILS LIGHTING OPPORTUNITIES The various architectural step conditions proposed at this stage offer a series of lighting detailing possibilities.

These illustrations describe a linear recessed warm white light LED recessd scoop light type of integrated lighting detail. This is suitable for recessing in the vertical reveals of tree planter units.

An alternative would be the use of warm white LED marker lights recessed in the step treads.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACES / GENERIC STEP DETAILS LIGHTING OPPORTUNITIES The various architectural step conditions proposed at this stage offer a series of lighting detailing possibilities.

These illustrations describe a linear recessed warm white light LED seat integrated lighting detail. This would be an option for bench seating where lighting is hidden under the seat element.

The other option shows a linear scoop LED wash light in the side of the seating unit washing light onto the step surfaces either side.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACES / GENERIC STEP DETAILS LIGHTING OPPORTUNITIES The various architectural step conditions proposed at this stage offer a series of lighting detailing possibilities.

These illustrations describe the combination of warm white LED recessed tree up-light units integral with tree planters combined with seating LED details.

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RIVER EDGE PIAZZA SPACES / GENERIC STEP DETAILS LIGHTING OPPORTUNITIES The various architectural step conditions proposed at this stage offer a series of lighting detailing possibilities.

These illustrations describe a linear recessed warm white light LED recessd scoop light type of integrated lighting detail recessed in the vertical reveals of tree planter units combined with seat integrated LED lighting and both ballustratde integrate handrail LED lights and step integrate LED lights.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS The lighting proposed for the main Green Network Corridor routes comprises of two main elements. Low level 4m high pedestrian area street pole mounted lights either located centrally to the six metre wide pedestrian and cycle path or located with a stepped zig zag arrangement between trees.

The street pole lights lighting would be supported by lighting that up-lights the avenue trees.

The appendix to this document illustrates three options for the pedstrian and cycle path pole mounted lighting fittings. Generally the design intent would be to use LED lighting street poles to light these areas. The LED units would be based on tried and tested units from at least two manufactures/ suppliers. The selection would only be based on suppliers that can demonstrate that best quality and Bin level warm white (3200K) LED are used form recognised and reputable LED manufacturers/suppiers. Our research has resulted in both Philips and We-ef Lighting being currently the manufacturers that have produced lighting units that work and are of the quality and robustness that would be suitable for this type of urban public realm project.

In general terms based on an arrangement of stepped or zigzag pattern both the Philips City Wing LED street light and the We-ef OLC LED street light would produce safe levels of light across the path routes in line wit the recommendations of CIBSE / ILE 01 – Lighting the Environment: A Guide to Good Urban Lighting (1995) and CIBSE LG06 – The Outdoor Environment (1992).

The Architectural Specialist Feature Lighting should also be developed in a manner that complies with the principles of ILE ‘Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01’ (Table 1) which is a Institute of Lighting Engineers guidance document promoting best lighting practice and best approach to controlling light pollution and upwards spill light in urban areas.

The proposed 4m high LED street lights broadly would be located at between 12m and 16m centres to achieve recommended lighting light levels based on ILE Category E3 and E4 areas.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS Working with the LED Street Pole lighting the proposed lighting for the Green Network Corridor main link avenue areas would also include good quality ground recessed up-lighting for key trees along main routes. The light fittings propsed would be IP65 or IP67 and would be selected to meet all currently recognised best practice recommendations. Fittings would be fitted with heat reducion measures,anti-vandal fixings and integral glare control.

Tree uplights would also be located to ensure that light from these fittings actually lights the selected trees rather than lighting the sky and creating excess spill light.

Where public bench or seating features are proposed LED integral lighting details have been suggested to provide local accent lighting to bench plinths and seat edges. again this lighting would be integrated in a manner that ensures that light is focussed on exactly where it is required rather than creating excess spill light. Generally any LED integrated lighting will be specified as Warm White (3200K) colour temperature.

Where interpretive panels and exhibition display panels are suggested we have suggested that these are backlit using either T5 fluorescent lighting or LED backlighting within the metal urban display unit enclosure.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES OPTION 1 PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS At the point where the Green Network Corridor primary path route meets the river bank there is another key space. The threshold to the main site pedestrian bridge crossing offers a viewing location and place to sit by the rivers edge.

Lighting at this point can be arranged in several ways. Option 1 shows LED street pole lighting arranged to line through for upper and lower paths. This will address lighting level requirements on paths whilst also presenting an organised arrangement of lights when viewed from across the river. Spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES OPTION 2 PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS Option 2 shows LED street pole lighting arranged with twin head street light units between upper and lower paths. This is less efficient at providing lighting level requirements on paths but does reduce the amount of elements required.

Spacings of lighting poles remain between 12 and 16m apart.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES OPTION 3 PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS Option 3 shows LED single head street pole lighting arranged to line through for upper and lower paths where paths run parallel to each other.

Where paths join and zig-zag between each other pole are placed in position which provide the best lighting points. This however does present a more random general arrangement.

Spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

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GREEN NETWORK CORRIDOR / TREE AVENUES PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS / BRIDGE THRESHOLD At the point where the Green Network Corridor primary path route meets the river bank there is another key space. The threshold to the main site pedestrian bridge crossing offers a viewing location and place to sit by the rivers edge.

Lighting at this point can be arranged in several ways. Option 1 shows LED street pole lighting arranged to line through for upper and lower paths. This will address lighting level requirements on paths whilst also presenting an organised arrangement of lights when viewed from across the river. Spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

This illustration also shows vertical linear warm white LED lighting integrated within the vertical supports of the ballustrade elements at deck edges and bridge retaining edges.

The steps down to the waters edge could also be lit using water proof IP68X LED step lights - any lights at waters edge locations should be connected to a remote float switch to ensure that at times of high water and flooding that any lights within a certain threshold are switched off before submersion becomes a possibility.

The step lighting at this kind of location would have to be of at type that offers very controlled and localised beams of light to avoid glare on the river itself.

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PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS Single head LED street pole lighting arranged along either side of path. This will address lighting level requirements on paths whilst also presenting an organised arrangement of lights when viewed from across the river. Spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

Generally the preference would be to locate lighting so that the beam of light points away from the river edge.

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PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS LED street pole lighting arranged to line through for upper and lower paths. This will address lighting level requirements on paths whilst also presenting an organised arrangement of lights when viewed from across the river. Spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

Generally the preference would be to locate lighting so that the beam of light points away from the river edge.

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PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS TERRACES AND LANDART / SOUTH PUBLIC OPEN SPACE At the southern edge of the river edge pathway an area for landart has been identified.

OPTION 1 The lighting of this space is a combination of the lighting from the pedestrian LED street lighting proposed and the integration of lighting within the proposed bench seating assemblies arranged on the new grass terraces.

Single head LED street pole lighting spacings of lighting poles are between 12 and 16m apart.

The bench seat lighting would be integrated beneath the seat to offer light onto the ground from under the bench.

The timber boardwalk element would have lighting that is very low level and located to avoid any spill light onto the river surface or up to the sky.

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PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS TERRACES AND LANDART / SOUTH PUBLIC OPEN SPACE At the southern edge of the river edge pathway an area for landart has been identified.

OPTION 2 In option two the lighting of this space is a combination of stopping the lighting from the pedestrian LED street lighting units before the terraces space opens out and offering low level lit bollards allong the area of path infront of the grass terraces.

The integration of lighting within the proposed bench seating assemblies would remain as part of this proposal.

The bench seat lighting would be integrated beneath the seat to offer light onto the ground from under the bench.

The timber boardwalk element would have lighting that is very low level and located to avoid any spill light onto the river surface or up to the sky.

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PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHS TERRACES AND LANDART / SOUTH PUBLIC OPEN SPACE At the southern edge of the river edge pathway an area for landart has been identified.

OPTION 3 In option three the lighting of this space is a combination of stopping the lighting from the pedestrian LED street lighting units before the terraces space opens out and offering low level lit bollards allong the area of path infront of the grass terraces.

The integration of lighting within the proposed bench seating assemblies would remain as part of this proposal.

The terraces are also in this option proposed to be lit from high level pole mounted Gobo projector lights. These lights would be located on poles arranged at the edges of the tree planting and would create break up light patterns over the whole terrace area.

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PHILIPS - CITYWING ARCHITECTURAL POLE MOUNTED WARM WHITE LED PEDESTRIAN AREA STEET LIGHT UNIT. LED lighting head uses 2 x 18 High power LUXEON K2 LEDS. These are arranged as a combination of warm white and amber LEDs (colour temperatures 2700K thought to 4750K) Utilises 4M high Philips pole - head oriented at 5 degrees allows for minimum 12M between pole lights.

TYPE BPS 740 - Two optical modules, two brackets, hub and electronic driver / ZPS 740 Square section mast (with integrated driver) Fitting IP65 / Housing of fitting head in die cast aluminium (anodised - grey painted RAL 9006) Collimating LED lens in Methacrylate / Optic frame in frosted steel / Mast and brackets in extruded aluminium.

H x W x L = 4236 x 195 x 2072mm LIFETIME 50,000 hours 70% lumen maintenance

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WE-EF OLC - LED Street Lighting Unit Either 88 or 59W out put options.

Warm White LUXEON LED units with special collimater lens assemblies to provide optimum light distribution. Fittings are easily maintainable and have options of aluminium anodised columns or aluminium timber hybrid columns.

Mounted on 4M staight side mast by We-ef.

LIFETIME 50,000 hours 70% lumen maintenance

42 LED Illuminance Values(Lux) Average=12.88 Maximum=22 Minimum=5 Min/ Avg=0.39 Min/Max=0.23

OLC – 36 LED – Road Lighting Standards ME3c –

5.5m mounting height 8m wide road 26m centre spacing (13m) Staggered

Suitable for: -

5.5m mounting height 8m wide road 26m centre spacing (13m) Staggered

Suitable for: -

•!Secondary Distributor roads in Urban Areas •!Environmental Zones – E3 •!Low S class – BS5489 (High levels) •!Areas with Moderate to High crime rate •!Normal traffic flow •!Foot paths

OLC – 42 LED – Road Lighting Standards ME3c –

•!Secondary Distributor roads in Urban Areas •!Environmental Zones – E3 •!Low S class – BS5489 (High levels) •!Areas with Moderate to High crime rate •!Normal traffic flow •!Foot paths

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Louis Poulsen - Kipp: The Kipp fixture emits symmetrical downlight and utilises a 70W metal halide lamp. The angling of the inner diffuser ensures together with the slightly curved design of the top shade a wide and uniform distribution of the light. The internal diffuser furthermore provides optimum and glare-free lighting. The body housing is finished aluminium coloured with textured surface or grey, powder coated. The diffuser is made of injection moulded white opal acrylic and the top shade made of pigmented or white, injection moulded ASA. The fitting enclosure is manufactured of injection moulded clear polycarbonate with a die cast aluminium frame. The fitting has a IP66 rating, electric shock protection I w. ground, II w/o ground and vandal proof II ratings.

Louis Poulsen - Terminal: The Terminal fixture provides indirect and soft and utilises a 70W metal halide lamp. The choice and position of a point light source redirects the narrow beam lighting by the small reflector optic in the centre of the top shade. The body housing is finished aluminium coloured with textured surface or grey, powder coated. The top shade made of dark grey or light grey, vacuum formed ABS. The reflector is made of metallised, vacuum formed polycarbonate and the bottom reflector of spun aluminium. The fitting enclosure is manufactured of vacuum formed clear polycarbonate with a die cast aluminium basee. The fitting has a IP66 rating, electric shock protection I w. ground, II w/o ground ratings.

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L Lavinia is a coordinated system made up of fittings designed forsystem low-traffic Lavinia is a coordinated made roads residential areas.

It permits up ofand fittings designed for low-traffic a roads glare-free uniform distribution of the and residential areas. It permits light on road and pedestrian surfaces a glare-free uniform distribution of the aslight wellonasroad green This issurfaces andareas. pedestrian possible thanks toareas. an innovative as well as green This is possible thanks to an innovative

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iGuzzini - Lavinia:

articulated aiming system and great application due to and a wide articulatedflexibility aiming system great range of lightflexibility sources due and to optics. application a wide No luminous is emitted upwards range of lightflow sources and optics. by optical assembly in a horizontal Nothe luminous flow is emitted upwards position. by the optical assembly in a horizontal position.

Lavinia is a direct lighting system, for use with metal halide lamps. (70W) There are a variety of optics available and the pole mounted fixture has +15°/-15° adjustability off the horiLavinia System Lavinia System Lavinia System Lavinia System zontal axis& &Doriana to allow for high flexibility and adaptability. The fitdesign Massimiliano &Doriana Doriana Fuksas design Massimiliano Fuksas design Massimiliano Fuksas design Massimiliano & Doriana Fuksas ting focus can be locked by means of fastening screws and lock All the combinations illustrated can All the combinations illustrated can All the combinations illustrated can All the combinations illustrated can be obtained by combining the single be obtained by combining the single be obtained by combining the single be obtained by combining the single washers.

The frame has slots for rain water drainage and is seelements presented in the tables. elements presented the tables. elements presented ininin the tables. elements presented the tables. cured with captive screws. It is hinged for easy and safe access 10000 10000 10000 10000 for maintenance and when opening the optical assembly the de9000 / 8000 9000 8000 9000 / 8000 9000 / /8000 compression valve eliminates the internal depression. The oval glass cover is tempered sodium-calcium sealing glass of 4mm thickness. The lamp holder is made of porcelain and is secured 7000 /anodized 6000 7000 6000 7000 / 6000 7000 / /6000 with aluminium supports. The lamp is equipped with DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS an anti-loosening device. All screws are A2 stainless steel. The fitting has an IP66 rating, and F seal, has IMQ-ENEC approval and Class of Insulation II (Class of Insulation I on request). The technical characteristics of the fitting comply with EN60598-1 standard. Lavinia System DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS DIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS

iGuzzini iGuzzini iGuzzini iGuzzini

03 03 0303

design Massimiliano & Doriana Fuksas

iGuzzini

Lavinia providesa glare-free uniform distribution of light on road and pedestrian surfaces as well as green areas. This is thanks to an innovative articulated aiming system and great application flexibility due to a wide range of light sources and optics. No luminous flow is emitted upwards by the optical assembly in a horizontal position which prevents upward light pollution.

All the combinations illustrated can be obtained by combining the single elements presented in the tables.

333 333 333 333

406 406 406 406

scale 1:100 scale 1:100 scale 1:100 scale 1:100 scala 1:100 scala 1:100 scala 1:100 scala 1:100

670 670 670 670

2970 2970 2970 2970

1627 1627 1627 1627

• Direct lighting system, for use with made of porcelain and it is secured The poles featured in the tables are suitable The poles featured the tables are suitable poles featured ininin the tables are suitable The poles featured the tables are suitable accessories accessories forfor The accessories for accessories for metal halide and sodium discharge with anodized aluminium supports. for fixing on Italian, French and Spanish terminal box door key for fixing on Italian, French and Spanish for fixing onon Italian, French and Spanish terminal box door key terminal box door key for fixing Italian, French and Spanish terminal box door key European poles terminal European poles European poles European poles terminal blocks.

For other countries, terminal blocks.

For other countries, blocks.

For other countries, terminal blocks.

For other countries, lamps. is equipped with an 7000 / 6000 The lampcode add the specific fixing systems featured code h pole poles colour code colour code add the specific fixing systems featured the specific fixing systems featured code h hpole hpole pole add poles colour code code colour colour code code poles colour add the specific fixing systems featured code poles colour code colour code • The fixture can be installed on a pole anti-loosening device. in the table. the table. the table. the table.

0246 18621542-1543 1542-1543 1862 0246 1542-1543 1862 0246 9000ininin 9000 0246 1862 1542-1543 9000 9000 B943 B943 B943 * ** * B943 or wall-mounted.

• When opening the1544 optical *DIN DIN guide D and guide for Dand and CHCH guide for Dfor CH DIN guide for Dand CH 10000* **DIN 10000 10000 0227 1865 1544 assembly 1865 0227 1544 10000 1865 0227 0227 1865 1544 ** ø120 ø120 ø120 Marine-wood support ** **** ø120 ø120 ø120 Marine-wood support Marine-wood support 0000 0000 00 00 ø120 ø120 Marine-wood support 00 00 • The Lavinia system has an optical (for the small version) the 9000 forfor 1545-1547 9000 1545-1547 9000 1545-1547 9000 1545-1547 for terminal board for for terminal board for GBGB terminal board for GB terminal board for GB 0246 1863valve B972 1863 0246 B972 **** 1863 B972 **** 0246 1863 B972 assembly, mounting pole, arm (single decompression eliminates the0246 10000 1546-1548 10000 1546-1548 10000 1546-1548 10000 1546-1548 ø102 ø102 ø102 ø102 or double), and pole top (with a single, internal The depression.

The characteristics of the terminal blocks The characteristics of the terminal blocks areare characteristics ofof the terminal blocks are The characteristics the terminal blocks are displayed at the bottom of the displayed the bottom of the page. at the bottom of the page. displayed atat the bottom of the page. double, or triple attachment).

• Pull-out displayed control gear plate made ofpage. ø102 ø102 ø102 ø102 • The optical assembly (small or large) galvanised steel; degreased with a and frame are made of die-cast natural finish. Spacers and captive ø102 ø102 ø102 ø102 aluminium, with dual phosphorusscrews for insulation class II; power chromium plating of the base metal, supply with a non-explosive power followed by passivation heat factor correction capacitor, quicktreatment at 120° C, grey painting, connecting terminals. and curing at 150° C; the frame is A disconnecting switch with fuse secured with captive screws; is available upon request. ø127 ø194 ø127 ø194 ø127 ø194 ø127 ø194 tempered sodium-calcium sealing • There is no light dispersion into the glass, thickness of 4 mm, oval and upper hemisphere above this system transparent. Internal retention cables in a horizontal position. 186x45 186x45 186x45 310x95 186x45 186x45 310x95 186x45 186x45 310x95 186x45 186x45 186x45 310x95 186x45 186x45 made of galvanized steel with a 1.2 • Can be wall-mounted in both mm diameter, for the large version, the up light position and the and a hinge with stainless steel pin down light position.

L=500 L=500 L=500 L=500 ø 24 ø24 24 øø 24 for the small version. 60 Shore grey • All screws are A2 stainless steel. silicone gasket placed between them. • The technical characteristics of the 300 fitting comply with EN60598-1 300 300 5050 5050 5050 5050 5050 5050 5050 5050 The reflector is made of 99,5% pure 300 standard.

UNI 9001/2 H14 1/2 raw aluminium, code lengthcolour colour code lengthcolour colour code lengthcolour colour code lengthcolour colour code length colour code length colour code length colour code length colour code ø øø ø length code ø øø ø length code ø øø ø length code ø øø ø length code length colour code length colour code length colour code length colour • IP66 subjected to an anodizing treatment.

• F seal The frame has slots for rainwater 102 12010000 10000 1545 102 120 10000 1545 102 120 1545 102 120 10000 1545 scale 1:100 1542 102 6800 15 1543 102 8000 15 1544 9000 15 15 1542 102 6800 15 1543 102 8000 15 1544 9000 15 15 1542 102 6800 15 1543 102 8000 15 1544 9000 15 15 1542 102 6800 15 1543 102 8000 15 1544 9000 15 15 scala 1:100 • IMQ-ENEC approval drainage. Vertical orientation with a 127 1949000 9000 1547 127 194 9000 1547 127 194 1547 127 194 9000 1547 • Class of Insulation II graduated scale of ± 15°. Fastening • Class of Insulation I on request screws and lock washers. The code size size colour colour code size size colour colour code size size colour colour code size size colour colour code size colour code size colour code size colour code size colour code code code (small body)code code size colour code size colour code size colour code size colour reflector is secured with stainless 670 2970 1627 steel screws. The lamp holder is

2

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22

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1546-1548

The characteristics of the terminal blocks are displayed at the bottom of the page.

2

22

2

22

2

2

10000

22

2

184 184 184 184

0404 04 04 1515 15 15

ø 620 ø620 620 øø 620

code colour colour poles poles code colour poles code code colour poles

1165 00 1547 1165 0000 1547 1547 1165 1165 00 1547 ø120

ø120

3200 3200 3200 3200

L=500 L=500 L=500 L=500 ø 24 ø24 24 øø 24

350

1000 1000 1000 1000

310x95 310x95 310x95 310x95

150 150 150350 150350 350

1000 1000 1000 1000

100 100 100 100

1000 1000 1000 1000

400 400 400 400

150 150 150350 150350 350 350

1000 1000 1000 1000

3200 3200 3200 3200

1000 1000 1000 1000

22

2

base for pole base base for for pole pole base for pole

122 122 122 122

122 122 122 122

2

1843 1843 1843 1843

fixing platewith fixing anchoring bolts fixing platewith platewith anchoring bolts anchoring bolts fixing platewith anchoring bolts

22

ø194 ø194 ø194 ø194

300 300 300 300

5050 5050

code lengthcolour colour code length colour code ø øø ø length code length colour

12011000 11000 1546 120 11000 1546 120 1546 120 11000 1546 19410000 10000 1548 194 10000 1548 194 1548 194 10000 1548

406

1000 1000 1000 1000

150 150 150350 150350 350 350

1000 1000 1000 1000

3000 3000 3000 3000

1863

1850 1850 1850 1850

2

2

GB D - CH

code

350

1000 1000 1000 1000

122 122 122 122

0404 0404 04 04 04 04 1871 1871 1871 1871 1515 1515 15 15 15 15 The poles featured in the tables ø 420 ø 420 ø420 420 ø420 420 øø 420 øare 420 suitable ø420 420 øø 420 accessories forø ø420 for fixing on Italian, French and Spanish terminal box door key European poles terminal blocks.

For other countries, The terminal blocks have four polarities with three ways per pole and are fitted for bridge wiring.

They are made with class II insulation The terminal blocks have four polarities with three ways per pole and are fitted for bridge wiring.

They are made with class IIinsulation insulation The terminal blocks have four polarities with three ways per pole and are fitted forfor bridge wiring.

They are made with class II II insulation The terminal blocks have four polarities with three ways per pole and are fitted bridge wiring.

They are made with class Code 1862 is equipped a holder fuse holder for dim.

8,5x31,5 -Vpole 380 Vmax - 20 max 20 A. Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm on input Code 1862 iscode equipped with fuse holder for dim.

8,5x31,5 20 A.Suitable Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm on input Code 1862 is is equipped with awith fuse forfor dim.

8,5x31,5 - 380 - Vmax A.A. Suitable power cables with cross-section 1616 mm on input add theforfor specific fixing systems featured Code 1862 equipped with aafuse holder dim.

8,5x31,5 - -380 V - -max 20 power cables with cross-section mm on input code h380 poles colour colour and 2.5 mm on output to hook up with the light source.

Code 1863 is equipped with two fuse holders for dim.

10,3x38 -V380 Vmax - 20A. max 20A. and 2.5 mm on output tohook hook up with the light source.

Code 1863 isequipped equipped with two fuse holders for dim.

10,3x38 380 20A. and 2.5 mm on output toto hook upup with the light source.

Code 1863 is is equipped two fuse holders forfor dim.

10,3x38 - 380 - Vmax and 2.5 mm on output with the light source.

Code 1863 with two fuse holders dim.

10,3x38 - -380 V - -max 20A. inwith the table. on input and 2.5 mm on output to hook up with the light source.

Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm on input and 2.5 mm on output tohook hook up with the light source. forfor power cables with cross-section 1616 mm on input and 2.5 mm on output toto hook upup with the light source.

Suitable power cables with cross-section mm on input and 2.5 mm on output with the light source.

0246 1542-1543 Suitable 9000 Code 1865 is equipped with two fuse holders for dim. x -31,5 -V380 Vmax - 20 max 20 A. Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm Code 1865 isequipped equipped with two fuse holders for dim.

8,5 31,5 380 20A. A.Suitable Suitable for power cables with cross-section 16 mm onon Code 1865 is is equipped with two fuse holders forfor dim.

8,5 x*8,5 31,5 380 - Vmax Suitable forfor power cables with cross-section 1616 mm on Code 1865 with two fuse holders dim.

8,5 xx31,5 - -380 V - -max power cables with cross-section mm on B943 *20A.DIN guide for D and CH input and 2.5 mm on output to hook up with the light source. input and 2.5 mm on output tohook hook up with the light source. input and 2.5 mm on output toto hook upup with the light source. input and 2.5 mm on output with the light source.

10000 0227 1544 ** Marine-wood support 00 00 3232 9000 1545-1547 3232 for terminal board for GB 0246 B972** 1515 15 15

1850 1850 1850 1850

1862 1865

base for pole base base for for pole pole base for pole

base for pole base base for for pole pole base for pole

333

25

406

25

1000 1000 1000 150 1000 150 150350 150350 350

800 800 800 150 800 150 150350 150350 350 350

1000 1000 1000 1000

Hinge opening with two captive screws for medium-sized body

10000 10000 10000 10000

9000 9000 9000 9000

8000 8000 8000 8000

7000 7000 7000 7000

6000 6000 6000 6000

scale 1:200

code code code code

base for pole base base for for pole pole base for pole

Two fixing screws Two safety bolts

scale 1:200

Groove allowing water to run off

ø120 ø120 ø120 ø120 ø120 ø120 ø120 ø120

size size size size

1843 1843 1843 1843

1515 15 15

colour colour colour colour

898

0404 04 04 1515 15 15

ø 620 ø620 620 øø 620

code colour colour poles poles code colour poles code code colour poles

fixing platewith fixing anchoring bolts fixing platewith platewith anchoring bolts anchoring bolts fixing platewith anchoring bolts

24

Decompression valve for medium-sized body

898 898 898 898

GB D - CH GB GB D D -- CH CH GB D - CH

Adjustability ± 15°

Removable plate

406 406 406 406

9000 / 8000

406

10000

Height: 10000 mm Height: 9000 / 8000 mm Link roads, squares, avenues Height: 9000 / 8000 mm with intense traffic, crossroads.

Link roads, squares, avenues with intense traffic, crossroads.

Height: 7000 / 6000 mm Squares, avenues and moderate Height: 7000 / 6000 mm traffic, crossroads.

Squares, avenues and moderate traffic, crossroads.

406 406 406 406

Height: 10000 mm

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100 100 100 100

iGuzzini

1000 1000 1000 1000

Lavinia System design Massimiliano & Doriana Fuksas

400 400 400 400

Large body

184 184 184 184

Large body

base for pole base base for for pole pole base for pole

ø120

ø120

1165 00 1548 1165 0000 1548 1548 1165 1165 00 1548

ø102

ø102

65 1000

L=500 ø 24

350

1000

310x95

0

0

150

1000

310x95

L=500 ø 24

350

150

1000

186x45

ø194

1000

3200

3000

186x45

1000

Simulation

1000 350

150

1000

350

150

1000

186x45

800

ø194

3200

ø127

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6000

7000

Class II, with provisions for Class I

8000

9000

10000

ø102

1000

Small body

350

Small body

150

No upward emission of light flow No upward emission of light flow

L Lighting Controls Exterior Public Areas – Seasonal Lighting Settings.

Lighting to the Public areas of the 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site Development should be controlled via a Managed Lighting scene set lighting control system that can be used to create different scenes or images of the urban spaces for different times of day and different days of the week.

In particular a system should be promoted that allows lighting to be adjusted to suit seasonal climatic differences and combat SAD syndrome in Winter.

There are clear differences in daylight quality and extent of night between the extremes of Summer and Winter in Glasgow’s Northern Location.

A system that allows for lighting to be enhanced during Winter periods would be beneficial to help counter winter blues. The system will be used to run the day-to-day activities with ‘hands free’ operation.

The internal building architectural lighting control systems should be programmed to respond to climatic changes, which will have a significant influence on particular buildings within the site. For example, if one side of the building is darker than another because of sun orientation, sensors mounted externally will subtly balance lighting requirements in different zones of the building (rather than individual light sources). The lighting control system will be crucial to maintain the most efficient use of all the lighting specified.

Lighting control systems will also be configured to allow easy setting and locking off of individual lighting local to each space or linked series of spaces. At the same time a series of PIR sensors should be used at key positions to raise lighting levels in anticipation of visitors entering spaces that may be empty for longer periods.

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Management Lighting Guidelines

Reduction in Night Time Light Pollution

As an integral part of the lighting design process we think that consideration should be given to the creation of a comprehensive 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site Development Design Guide document. This document would consider acceptable standards for Lighting in the public spaces and would offer controlling guidelines towards managing how retail, restaurant and bar, café units and office areas and residential areas are developed to control light quality, spill and pollution. This is particularly important also in the building edge areas to ensure that spill light emitted from within buildings after dark does not compromise the general appearance of the each building or adjacent public space areas.

The Architectural Specialist Lighting scheme proposed for the Clyde Gateway Project, will require to be designed in line with the recommendations of best professional practice as promoted by both the Professional Lighting Designers Association (PLDA) and the International Association of Lighting Designers (IALD).

It should also be designed to meet the guidelines of CIBSE / ILE 01 – Lighting the Environment: A Guide to Good Urban Lighting (1995) and CIBSE LG06 – The Outdoor Environment (1992).

In parallel with a guide document for Lighting there really should be an integrated document that identifies design issues and signage directory issues also.

Safety and Security The proposed lighting designs for the 2014 Commonwealth Games Village and Clyde Gateway site should be developed in line with local statutory Lighting guidelines and regulations.

The design will be required to be detailed and tested thoroughly as part of the design process. This will include accurate lighting plots and calculations indicating resultant lighting levels in each space.

Key attention should be placed on DDA access issues and any lighting designed should propose that there are no situations where partially sighted people in particular will have access problems. This is especially of note when designing lighting to staircases, ramps and changes of level. Generally stairs should be lit in an even manner with lighting washed over the whole of each tread.

The Architectural Specialist Feature Lighting should also be developed in a manner that complies with the principles of ILE ‘Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01’ (Table 1).

In general the feature architectural lighting uses low glare light fittings that minimize spill light and avoid if possible direct upward light into the sky. Where in ground up-lights are specified these are generally very tightly focused units that light a particular element, for example where tree up-lighting is introduced the light fitting is focused to light the tree trunk and canopy and avoid stray up-ward light into the adjacent sky.

Where lighting is integral to façade reveals, these lights, generally use very low energy LED narrow beam units to light recesses and reveals only, with a minimal amount of light output. The energy of the light being totally absorbed by the recess / reveal surface. As far as possible there will be no visible glare from the fittings when viewed from adjacent properties.

The internal lighting of the buildings lighting should be fully dimmable and when spaces are not in use should be developed in a manner that lighting can dim down either to low levels to conserve energy and to minimize potential light spill from the building after dark or off all together depending on time of day and agreed operational lighting curfew periods.

Where deck edge glass balustrades are up-lit again the light fitting uses a tight asymmetric optic and light is focused on the manifestation integrated into the balustrade glass.

The new street lighting within the demise of the site is generally free-standing pavement mounted and uses very focused downlight only light output light fittings with no upwards spill light component. These fittings may also be fitted with low glare front snoot tubes or louver baffles to reduce side glare.

CLYDE GATEWAY - Lighting Statement created by Gavin Fraser © FOTO-MA Lighting Architects July 2008

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ESTIMATED CONSTRUCTION COSTS 2.01 Downtakings and site clearance £ 2.02 Excavations / re-contouring £ 2.03 Paths £ 2.04 Steps £ 2.05 Hard landscaping £ 2.06 Trees, shrubs and grassed areas £ 2.07 Railings £ 2.08 Boardwalks £ 2.09 Repairs to existing walls £ 2.10 Kiosk, Furniture, Banners, Etc £ 2.11 Tree, Bench, Step and Bank Edge Lighting £

__________

60,000 7,000 155,000 54,000 180,000 110,000 230,000 485,000 29,000 110,000 100,000

Net total Construction Cost Excluding Pedestrian and Cycle Path Lighting =

£ 1,520,000 __________

3.0

Cost Summary including Pedestrian and Cycle Path Lighting Options

Net Construction Cost from above Pedestrian and Cycle Path Lighting

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

LED Philips Citywing

LED We-ef OLC

Louis Poulsen Kipp HID

Igguzzini

£ 1,520,000 £ 450,000

£1,520,000 £ 540,000

£1,520,000 £ 193,000

£ 1,970,000

£2,060,000

£1,713,000

£

246,250

£ 257,500

£ 214,125

£2,216,250

£2,317,500

£1,927,125

£ 166,219

£ 173,813

£ 144,534

TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COSTS

£2,382,469

£2,491,313

£2,071,659

SAY

£2,390,000

£2,500,000

£2,080,000

Preliminaries 12.5%

Contingencies 7.5%

£ 204,000

£ 215,500

£ 145,463

N.B: Caveats and Exclusions:(i)

The estimated cost has generally been produced from approximate measured quantities with current tender rates applied

(ii)

The estimated cost is based on current tender rates with no allowance for future inflation.

(iii)

The costs associated with the following items are excluded from the estimated construction cost.

The Bridge and Bridge Lighting Links to City Streets Demolition of Existing Walls Work to existing trees and shrubs Finance Cost VAT Professional Fees S.I. Cost Planning and Building Warrant Fees

It is strongly recommended that further cost checks are carried out as more detailed information becomes available during the design evolution process, and time allows to obtain market prices for major items.

(iv)

Prepared by: Carr, McLean and Watson 44 Strathmore House East Kilbride G74 1LQ Ref:

JM/LB/1884

Date: 28 July 2008

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