Motivation

Motivation

Question # 1 How interesting for you is that, what you do?

The desire to do something because you find it deeply

satisfying and personally challenging inspires the highest levels of creativity, whether it's in the arts, sciences, or business.

http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5902.html http://hbr.org/1998/09/how-to-kill-creativity/ar/2

Enjoyment based intrinsic motivation, i.e. how a person feels when working on a task, is the strongest and most pervasive driver.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 23.

The reason I can work so hard at my writing is that it’s not work for me.

The unspoken factor is love.

http://hbr.org/1998/09/how-to-kill-creativity/ar/2

When curiosity is guiding discoveries and learning, people are more likely to experience a sense of astonishment and sincere surprise, which forms the impetus for the quick absorption of new material and skills, thereby contributing to building their competence.

http://www.selfdeterminationtheory.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2013_VansteenkisteRyan_JOPI2.pdf

Frederick Herzberg's 2-factor theory, which focuses on the idea that the factors that determine 1) job dissatisfaction (“hygiene factors”) are completely separate from those that determine 2) true satisfaction ("motivators"). Examples: 1. Insufficient financial compensation, for example, falls into camp # 1.

But having sufficient compensation will not lead to passion for a job; it just takes away the dissatisfaction.

2. Motivation, according to the theory, is determined not by material incentives, but rather by interesting work, recognition,

and personal growth. http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6991.html

In a now classical experiment (Deci, 1975), college students were either paid or not paid to work for a certain time on an interesting puzzle.

Those in the no-reward condition played with the puzzle significantly more in a later unrewarded “free-time” period than paid subjects, and also reported a greater interest in the task.

http://www.princeton.edu/~rbenabou/papers/RES2003.pdf

Have conversations with people about  what they like about their work.  what they don’t like about their work.  what they are really good at.  what they want to change to do more of what they love.

http://www.managementexchange.com/story/atlassians-big-experiment-performance-reviews

Studies show that people who are intrinsically motivated, i.e. motivated by, for example, satisfying own curiosity, learning new skills and/or having fun, are 3 times more engaged than people who are motivated primarily by extrinsic rewards such as money.

https://hbr.org/2013/04/does-money-really-affect-motiv http://intl-rop.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/10/19/0734371X11421495

Question # 2 How free are you to do, what you do?

When a person can do a task in his/her own way, i.e. decide herself /

himself how she / he wants to do the task, she / he will be more motivated to do the task.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 63.

Hundreds of studies show that when people are free to do something, they  become more creative,  solve problems better,  perform better,  have more positive emotions, and  have a better psychological and physical wellness.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 63. http://youtu.be/VGrcets0E6I

To support a person in becoming more autonomously motivated, you need to  find out how the person sees the situation,  provide the person with choices to decide from,  helping her/him try new ways,  encouraging her/him to take initiative,  provide her/him with a meaningful rationale.

http://youtu.be/VGrcets0E6I

Question # 3 How meaningful do you find that, what you do?

3 factors lead to better performance and personal satisfaction: 1. Mastery. The urge to get better.

2. Autonomy. The desire to be self directed.

3. Purpose. What is meaningful.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6XAPnuFjJc

Herzberg’s theory of motivation suggests you need to ask yourself, for example, these questions:  Is this work meaningful to me?  Will I have an opportunity for recognition and achievement?  Am I going to learn new things?

http://www.fastcompany.com/1836982/clayton-christensen-how-find-work-you-love

Human capabilities

Description

Level 6: Passion

Finding work meaningful and interesting.

Level 5: Creativity

Coming up with new ideas.

Level 4: Initiative

Doing things before being asked.

Level 3: Intellect

Bringing best practices to work.

Level 2: Diligence

Working hard.

Level 1: Obedience

Doing what you are told.

http://youtu.be/VlDxHfsW_-8

Question # 4 How strongly do people need, what you do?

Professional satisfaction

What you find interesting

What people need

What you are really good at

Sources of inspiration http://web.hbr.org/email/archive/managementtip.php?date=033011 http://hbr.org/2010/07/how-will-you-measure-your-life/ar/pr

Question # 5 How often do you give and/or receive feedback?

Herzberg’s approach suggests that individuals have desires behind hygienes such as salary, and that motivators such as recognition for achievement are very important to them.

http://www.jblearning.com/samples/076373473X/3473X_CH02_4759.pdf

When we praise a child's effort on learning something, the child will understand that effort will lead to mastery and growth and will take on new tasks to progress further.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 178. http://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/in-praise-of-better-praise

When people get specific, meaningful information

about their work, they become more motivated.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 67.

Feedback is great motivation.

http://howwelead.org/2011/04/02/feedback-is-great-motivation/

Question # 6 What kind of environment do you need to do your best work?

Don’t ask “How can you motivate other people?” Instead, ask “How can you create conditions within which people will motivate themselves?”

http://youtu.be/VGrcets0E6I 13:25.

Question # 7

How often do you ask people questions?

Lead with questions, not with answers.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 198.

Question # 8

How easy is it for you to speak up when you see a problem?

Make it easy for people to speak up when they identify a problem.

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 198.

Question # 9 How often do you give or receive unexpected rewards?

The highest levels of creativity were produced by people who

received a reward as a kind of bonus, an unexpected

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 66.

reward.

B. F. Skinner proposed that individuals are motivated when their behaviors are reinforced.

http://www.jblearning.com/samples/076373473X/3473X_CH02_4759.pdf

When you're talking about rote simple tasks, using rewards can be effective.

http://www.rochestercitynewspaper.com/news/articles/2010/12/PSYCHOLOGY-Cracking-the-mystery-of-motivation/

B. F. Skinner found that he could motivate a rat to complete the boring task of negotiating a maze by  providing the right incentive - corn at the maze’s center. 

punishing the rat with an electric shock each time it took a wrong turn.

https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Organization/Change_Management/The_psychology_of_change_management_1316

Over time, Skinner’s rats became bored with corn and began to ignore the electric shocks.

In our experience, a similar phenomenon often prevents organizations from sustaining higher performance: structures and processes that initially reinforce or condition the new behavior do not

guarantee that it will endure.

https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Organization/Change_Management/The_psychology_of_change_management_1316

In 1911, Frederick Taylor described money as the most important factor in motivating the industrial workers to achieve

greater productivity.

http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/tella2.pdf

We are all motivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in all our decisions.

http://principlesoffailure.blogspot.com/2010/09/discover-what-motivates-you.html

A study in Sweden, which has a purely voluntary blood donation system, showed that women’s contributions decreased when they were offered payments.

Donating blood is a way for people to signal that they are the kind willing to sacrifice for the good of others; offering money spoiled that effect.

http://hbr.org/2011/07/the-unselfish-gene/ar/6

Question # 10 How often do you measure your work?

Were you better today than you were yesterday?

Why / why not?

https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1065405301 Page 154.

What else is important for you to feel motivated?