First Mining Drc-Zambia Jan/Feb 2022

CENTRAL AFRICA'S PREMIER BUSINESS TO BUSINESS MINING MAGAZINE

VOL 14 | ISSUE 1 | January - February 2022

Increasing Complexity Raises Bar for Rock Engineering

In this issue...

Metals to remain supported at elevated price levels in 2022 Pg 20

Zambian Government Fasttracks the GED Africa Route Pg 23

www.fmdrc-zambia.com

Industrial Shredders in Mining Pg 24

factories, buildings, workshops, offices, trucks and vehicles, equipment, and even overalls.

SAFETY

DEGREASER

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PREPSOL is a product of ALLIJAM, a South African company based in Johannesburg. We manufacture and distribute motor vehicle, domestic and industrial cleaners throughout Africa.

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USES

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Prepsol ccan be used on most washable surfaces at mine sites, from large mining trucks, electric rope shovels, rotary drill rigs, rock drills, motor graders, large wheel loaders, draglines, wheel tractor scrapers and underground mining loaders.

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CONTENTS NEWS

PRODUCTS

Guskin Gold enters partnership with Danampco

03

Aggreko releases top energy trends for miners to net zero

14

TOMRA Mining sensor-based sorting in extreme conditions

25

EVENTS

TECHNOLOGY

Loncor Gold files Adumbi PEA Technical Report

05

21

Closely connected

Workforce Training for Underground Mining

28

FEATURE

The power of two!

10

BME’s AXXIS Titanium initiates record blast in SA

22

Turnkey solutions for power plant demolition

30

ADVERTISER’S INDEX Agru..........................................................................................................................................IBC Alijam.......................................................................................................................................IFC Arsenal.......................................................................................................................................31 ATA International..................................................................................................................18 Elgi Equipments.....................................................................................................................11

Mandals.....................................................................................................................................09 NHR.............................................................................................................................................32 Nueva Ancor Tecmin....................................................................................................OBC Prodimex...................................................................................................................................29 Vietti............................................................................................................................................13

FMDZ is a bi-monthly magazine for mining industry incorporating, exploration, oil, power, drilling and other large scale extraction, storage, transport, Market and utilisation of Africa’s Copper Belt wealth and resources.

First Mining DRC-ZAMBIA is published 6 times per annum: Jan/Feb, Mar/Apr, May/Jun, Jul/Aug Sept/Oct and Nov/Dec.

CENTRAL AFRICA'S PREMIER BUSINESS TO BUSINESS MINING MAGAZINE

TEAM

VOL 14 | ISSUE 1 | January - February 2022

Editor Bertha M. bertham@fmdrc-zambia

Increasing Complexity Raises Bar for Rock Engineering

Sub-Editor Anthony Kiganda

In this issue...

Metals to remain supported at elevated price levels in 2022 Pg 20

Zambian Government Fasttracks the GED Africa Route Pg 23

Industrial Shredders in Mining Pg 24

www.fmdrc-zambia.com

Cover Image: Rock Engineering

COVER STORY: PG 16 Increasing Complexity Raises Bar for Rock Engineering With the world’s most accessible mineral deposits already discovered and developed, extraction conditions are becoming progressively more difficult – making rock engineering more demanding. In open pits, slopes are often required to be steeper, with increased production pressures.

www.fmdrc-zambia.com

Contributing Writer Oscar Nkala, Mfuneko Jack Lindani Mkhize Caroline Thomas Anthony Kiganda Anita Anyango Sales and Marketing Victor Ndlovu victorn@fmdrc-zambia.com +27 11 044 8986 Isabel Isiziwe isabelsiziwe@gmail.com zambia@fmdrc-zambi.com +260 96 187 4888 Advertising Consultants Meshack Ndzendevu Polite Mkhize Gladmore Ndhlovu Leslie Nyembe Production Coordinator Kholwani Dube kholwani@fmdrc-zambia.com Art Director/Layout Augustine Ombwa Arobia Creative Consultancy austin@arobia.co.ke Published By Mailing Times Media Circulation/Sales info@fmdrc-zambia.com sales@fmdrc-zambia.com +27 11 044 8986

EDITOR’S COMMENT Governments should support youth in mining

Y

outh unemployment is one of the most pressing issues in sub-Saharan Africa today.

The issue continue to intensify largely due to inadequate efforts to mobilise idle youth. Yet Africa is awash with natural resources including unparalleled mineral endowments.

The youth mainly operating as small-scale miners continue to contribute significantly to mineral output.

But their activities are associated with informal, unregulated, under-capitalised, under-equipped and labour-intensive operations where technical and management skills are lacking.

Lack of financial capabilities has also negatively affected youth in mining. Consequently, the mining operations are done haphazardly with severe consequences to the environment. Inadequate mining equipment has also put a limit to their mining activities.

In order to support the youth in mining, authorities and stakeholders should first agree that mining can greatly help provide employment.

Small scale mining is labour-intensive, offering more direct and indirect job opportunities than large-scale operations, and revenues generated can increase local purchasing power and so benefit economic activity in a range of sectors at the local level.

It is therefore critical that small-scale mining activity is not characterised by minimal use of machinery or technology; operation without legal mining title or valid contract with the title holder; low productivity; inadequate safety measures, healthcare and environmental protection; high seasonality linked to economic insecurity.

Anthony Kiganda

Mailing Times Media (Pty) Ltd makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents of its publications, but no warranty is made as to such accuracy and no responsibility will be borne by the publisher for the consequences of actions based on information so published. Further, opinions expressed are not necessarily shared by Mailing Times Media (Pty) Ltd

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www.fmdrc-zambia.com

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NEWS

Guskin Gold enters partnership agreement with Danampco Company

G

uskin Gold Corp. has entered into a Joint Venture and Partnership Agreement with Danampco Company Limited (DCL) for gold and other precious metal exploration and mining activities in Ghana. Danampco has granted Guskin 70% ownership interest in the Kukuom Shewn Edged Pink Concession (the “Kukuom Concession”).

The Kukuom Concession covers a total surface area of one-hundred fifty-six (156) square kilometers and is located between the cities of Goaso and Bibiani in the Ahafo District of Ghana.

This joint venture has replaced the previous agreement between Danampco Company with African Exploration and Mining Group Ltd. relating to a

one square kilometer claim within the Kukuom Concession. The Agreement with DCL provides the Company access to the entire property parcel and also increases the Company’s aggregate ownership percentage. As consideration for the Partnership, the Company shall provide all financing to be remitted in accordance with a work program and budget, necessary to begin exploration of the Kukuom Concession.

Additionally, the Company shall issue DCL 500,000 restricted common shares of the Company’s common stock, at a per share valuation of $1.00 per share, where such shares shall be issued based on certain milestones, which are set forth in the JV Operating Agreement.

Centamin PLC awards drilling contract for Sukari gold mine in Egypt

About Guskin Gold Corp.Guskin Gold Corp. (OTCQB:GKIN) is a junior mining company publicly traded in the United States, with its head office in Santa Clara, California. Guskin is focused on gold exploration and alluvial mining in Ghana, the number one gold producer in Africa and seventh largest gold producing country in the world.

industry downturns while at the same time delivering a significant, stable base of long-term revenue over the next five years. The deal is expected to generate revenues in excess of US$54 million over the term of the contract. The win also extends Geodrill’s footprint into a new geographical region,” he added Geodrill currently operates a fleet of Boart Longyear LM90 modular diamond drill rigs which feature easily interchangeable components, allowing for space constraints without sacrificing depth requirements. The standard modular design includes a mobile platform in order to service larger underground mines, making movement between drill sites efficient.

C

entamin PLC has awarded Geodrill Ltd, a leading West African based drilling company, a significant drilling contract for Sukari Gold Mine, in Egypt. The five-year contract, one of the largest in Geodrill’s history, involves a minimum 90,000 m of underground exploration and grade control drilling per year utilising five drill rigs. “That Geodrill was awarded this

contract is a testament to our operational performance, reputation for excellence and is in line with our strategy of focusing on long-term contracts with top-tier customers in new geographic regions driving future growth of our business,” said Dave Harper, President and CEO of Geodrill. “Not only does our business with Centamin complement our existing work, it will also help us counter cyclical

Sukari mine is a gold mine located in the Nubian Desert/Eastern Desert near the Red Sea in Egypt, in the south-east of the country in the Red Sea Governorate, 30 km south of Marsa Alam. It is exploited jointly by the Egyptian Ministry of Mineral Resources and Centamin. It is Egypt’s first modern gold mine. Egypt was known in the ancient world as being a source of gold, and one of the earliest available maps shows a gold mine at this location.

www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

3

NEWS

Affected persons over Kanyika Niobium Project in Malawi receive compensation

G

lobe Metals & Mining (GBE) has completed an advanced payment to Project Affected Persons to households affected by a decision to mine at the Kanyika Niobium Project in Malawi. Currently, Globe is targeting a decision to mine by the end of 2022, with the relocation of Project Affected Persons in the first quarter of 2023, once

notice has been given. Those affected by the decision were identified in a formal assessment that was undertaken by the Mzimba District Commissioner’s Office in consultation with the traditional authorities and Malawi government during 2012.

Advance payments were made during December 2021 and January 2022, with money being direct debited to a bank

account nominated by each household.

Of 239 households identified as being eligible to receive the advance payment, 235 accepted payments, resulting in a total payment by Globe of 57.7 million Malawian kwacha (A$90,000).

The payment was facilitated by a series of community meetings, which involved the heads of the village and other traditional authorities, representatives of nongovernment organisations and those affected directly. Globe said the payments are part of an ongoing process by Globe to forget better and stronger relationships with the Kanyika community.

The Kanyika Niobium Project in will produce high purity niobium pentoxide and tantalum pentoxide powders. Drilling programs totalling 33.8 kilometres of percussion and core drilling have confirmed the extent of mineralisation.

Structured and progressive engineering studies have resulted in the current (JORC 2012) resource statement and given rise to significant improvements and simplifications in the process flowsheet, from that first imagined.

The Kanyika operations will produce a pyrochlore mineral concentrate that contains both niobium and tantalum in commercially valuable volumes to be shipped to a refinery for advanced processing into high purity materials.

Maxam Company in Ghana shut down

M

ining explosives manufacturing company, Maxam Company Limited has been shut down following the fatal explosion at Appiatse near Bogoso in the Western Region of Ghana.Minister of Lands and Natural Resources, Samuel A. Jinapor, issued the directive to pave way for further investigation. Consequently, the Minerals Commission has issued a prohibition notice to the company, barring it from undertaking any form of activity at the site.

Recommendations “Based on the initial investigations that we are conducting, we find it prudent to evoke the law which states that if the inspector has any reason to believe some operation can result in further danger, then we should cause a cessation of same. We went to Maxam and asked them to stop work whiles we continue the investigations and make necessary recommendations to the CEO of the Commission for onward submission to the Minister,” he stated.

Isaac K. Mwimbelle, Western Regional Manager of the Minerals Commission, explained that, the closure of the company was necessary and enables the Commission to take drastic measures to forestall future happenings.

The prohibition notice, Mr Mwimbelle said, was a directive for the company not to hold any activity on the site and required to remove equipment from the site for their own safety. To ensure that the directive was enforced, the

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Commission has deployed two members of staff to stay at the site.

Additionally, Mr Jinapor, has directed the Minerals Commission to interdict the Chief Inspector of Mines with immediate effect, pending the outcome of ongoing investigations into the tragic events.

He explained that, pursuant to regulations two of the Minerals and Mining (Explosives) Regulations,2012,LI 2177), the Chief Inspector of Mines was also the Chief Inspector of explosives, responsible for the supervision of the manufacture, storage, transportation and use of explosives for mining and mine support services.

www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

IN THE SPOT LIGHT

Loncor Gold files Adumbi PEA Technical Report Loncor’s 100%-owned high grade Makapela deposit, where Indicated Mineral Resources of 2.20 million tonnes grading 8.66 g/t Au (614,200 ounces of gold) and Inferred Mineral Resources of 3.22 million tonnes grading 5.30 g/t Au (549,600 ounces of gold) have been outlined to date with the high-grade material potentially being able to be transported economically to Adumbi.

L

oncor Gold Inc. is pleased to announce that it has filed on SEDAR a National Instrument 43-101 technical report relating to the Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) of the Company’s proposed open pit Adumbi gold deposit within its 84.68%-owned Imbo Project in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Company reports that it has been in preliminary discussions with potential strategic partners with respect to further development of the Company’s Adumbi and Makapela gold deposits (see below for information in respect of Makapela).

Project Opportunities/Upside Based on the positive results of the Adumbi PEA, further work is warranted at Adumbi to advance the project up the value curve by completing follow up feasibility studies on the project. A number of potential opportunities have been identified for increasing mineral resources and enhancing the economics and financial returns at Adumbi that include the following:

Increasing and Upgrading Mineral Resources at Adumbi and within the Imbo Project. There is excellent exploration potential to further increase the mineral resources at Adumbi and within the Imbo Project area. At Adumbi, the mineralized BIF (Banded Ironstone Formation) host sequence increases in thickness below the open pit shell and wide spaced drilling has already intersected grades and thicknesses

amenable to underground mining.

Further drilling is required to initially outline a significant underground inferred mineral resource which can then be combined with the open pit mineral resource so that studies can be undertaken for a combined open pit and underground mining scenario at Adumbi.

Besides increasing the resource base, a combined open pit/underground project could increase grade throughput and reduce strip ratios with the higher grade, deeper mineral resources being mined more economically by underground, which could increase annual gold production and drive down operating costs.

Additional deposits and prospects occur close by to Adumbi and have the potential to add mineral resources and feed for the Adumbi mine development.

Along trend from Adumbi, the Manzako and Kitenge deposits remain open along strike and at depth and further drilling is warranted on these two deposits, while further along the structural trend to the southeast across the Imbo river and within the Imbo Project, four prospects (Esio Wapi, Paradis, Museveni and Mungo Iko) have been outlined which require initial drilling.

Additional Mineral Resources within the Ngayu Greenstone Belt Additional feed for the Adumbi processing plant could also come from

Additional Geotechnical Investigations Additional geotechnical investigations including drilling is recommended to optimize and potentially steepen pit slopes especially for the competent fresh BIF host rock which could reduce the strip ratio and thereby lower mining costs at Adumbi.

Further Metallurgical Testwork Additional metallurgical testwork including additional flotation and petrographic studies is recommended to confirm recoveries, reagent consumptions and optimize flowsheet design. Potential to Reduce PreProduction Capital Costs through a Hydroelectric Hybrid Power Agreement with Third Parties. As described in the Adumbi PEA study, hydroelectric sites have already been identified close to Adumbi and further studies are required to optimize the power set for the operation. Loncor is already in discussion with potential power suppliers with experience in the DRC to project finance and build a hydroelectric facility at Adumbi, and then have an offtake agreement with the Company to supply power for the mining operation. Such an agreement could improve the financial economics of the project.

Cautionary Statement: The Adumbi PEA is preliminary in nature and includes Inferred Mineral Resources in the open pit outlines that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as Mineral Reserves.

There is no certainty that all the conclusions reached in the Adumbi PEA will be realized. Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

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NEWS

Perseus Mining inks key stakes deals in two gold assets Block 14 gold project. The debt facility is due to be repaid at the end of June, with interest charged at a rate of 7.5% a year.

Block 14 is an open cut gold project with the potential to produce 200,000300,000 ounces annually during its 13 year mine-life. Scoping work at the asset has shown its potential as a 15-year, 200,000 plus ounces per year operation, which is expected to churn out more than 300,000 gold ounces per annum during its second and third year of production.

Perseus also revealed it has been in talks with Orca to potentially acquire all of the junior’s outstanding securities.

These negotiations are ongoing.

P

erseus Mining has bagged key stakes in two African gold assets, after striking a deal to acquire a 15% stake in Canadian junior Orca Gold from Resolute Mining. The firm announced it has secured an interest in Orca’s 70%-owned Block 14 gold project in northern Sudan and a 31.5% stake in Montage Gold, which has the Kone

gold project in northern Côte d’Ivoire.

Resolute Mining, said that the share sale was part of its strategic focus on core operating assets, adding it would help to strengthen its balance sheet.

Perseus will provide Orca with a $5 million short-term loan facility for exploration and development of the

Given Perseus’ interest and history in Côte d’Ivoire, the company’s main target may be the Kone project, located about 350 km north-west of Yamoussoukro, the country’s political capital. The firm has recently achieved an annualized gold production rate of 500,000 ounces of gold per year from its three existing operating mines: Edikan in Ghana, and Sissingué and Yaouré in Côte d’Ivoire.

Anglo American to sell stakes to Sibanye-Stillwater

A

nglo American Platinum (Amplats) has announced plans to sell stakes; a 50% interest in pool-andshare agreements (PSA) related to two South African mines to platinum group metals miner (PGM) Sibanye-Stillwater.

The sale follows the completion of Anglo American Platinum’s restructuring and repositioning of its portfolio. Based on the results, Anglo American considered Kroondal not to be a strategic asset in its portfolio due to its remaining short operational life.

Amplats will sell the PSAs of Kroondal and the Marikana operations in Rustenburg, South Africa, to SibanyeStillwater. Sibanye Stillwater on the other hand will acquire all associated liabilities of the projects, including rehabilitation costs estimated at $26.5m. Under the agreement signed with Amplats subsidiary Rustenburg Platinum Mines

(RPM), Sibanye-Stillwater unit Sibanye Rustenburg Platinum Mines will assume full ownership of the Kroondal PGM operation located adjacent to its Rustenburg operation. They further expect the transaction to facilitate the life extension of the Kroondal mine to 2029.

“We are unlocking the true potential of these adjacent mines by utilising the mechanised and low-cost Kroondal operation to mine across the boundary with the Rustenburg operation.This will accelerate the extraction of more remote parts of the Rustenburg operation orebody, sustain employment for more than 2,500 people until 2029 and ensure the creation of significant value for all stakeholders in the region,” SibanyeStillwater CEO Neal Froneman said.

The deal approvals

is subject to and Sibanye

regulatory delivering

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1.35Moz of 4E PGMs to Amplat’s smelters. Sibanye plans to source the ore from Kroondal, Rustenburg and Klipfontein open pit operation. SibanyeStillwater said it would use Kroondal’s infrastructure to mine into adjacent Rustenburg resources.

“Whilst the Marikana operation is on care and maintenance, the Kroondal operation has a short mine life under the current PSA terms. By enabling Kroondal to mine through the boundary at SibanyeStillwater’s Rustenburg operations, we will extract our attributable share of the Kroondal reserves more quickly and efficiently than under the previous mine plan, unlocking greater value for Anglo American Platinum and SibanyeStillwater,” said Anglo American Platinum CEO Natascha Viljoen.

www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

IN THE SPOT LIGHT

Nana Yaw appointed as Polymetals Resources’ lead exploration geologist

W

est African specialist, Nana Yaw Asante has been appointed as lead exploration geologist at Polymetals Resources. Polymetals Resources CEO Alex Hanly confirmed the report and said he will work for the company’s programs within the Siguiri Basin in Guinea. “We are delighted to welcome a highly experienced geologist of Mr Asante’s calibre to Polymetals. Mr Asante has spent his career working in West Africa and most relevantly to us, significant experience in the Siguiri Basin of Guinea where Polymetals is focused. Mr Asante will plan and lead our exploration programs within the Siguiri Basin as the company progresses its gold discovery strategy,” said the CEO. Asante has more than 13 years of experience in both Greenfield and brownfield exploration in West Africa.

Most recently, Asante was the senior exploration geologist with Golden Star Resources Ltd in Ghana, where he managed multiple drilling programs at the Wassa and HBB projects, which increased both the inferred and indicated mineral resources.

Drilling program Prior to this, he worked with Avocet Mining (AIM:AVM) PLC in Guinea for four years, progressing to senior geologist and playing an integral role in achieving a maiden ore reserve of 480,000 ounces within Guinea’s Siguiri Basin. He also assisted with Tri-K’s feasibility studies from 2013, which lead to the granting of the Tri-K mining permit by the Guinea government in March 2015. The Tri-K mine has since been developed and managed by the Moroccan mining group, Managem.

Hanly conducted a three-week site visit to Guinea in December 2021 which provided an opportunity to assess operations, in addition to reinstating the company’s strategy with senior management personnel on the ground in Guinea. Polymetals’ 10,000-metre auger drilling program, which commenced on November 22, 2021, at the Alahiné licence is expected to be completed by the end of February 2022.

The auger program is focused on near surface supergene gold mineralisation previously identified during Phase 2 drilling, and untested gold soil anomalies >100ppb. The company plans to release a technical update of the auger drill program following receipt and processing of analyses.

Metso Outotec introduces MDM900, one of the world’s largest mill discharge slurry pumps

M

etso Outotec is proud to introduce the Metso Outotec MDM900 mill discharge slurry pump, the latest addition to its flagship Mill Discharge (MD) Pump Series. The massive MDM900 is one of the world’s largest mill discharge slurry pumps, designed for heavy-duty use in concentrator plants, where capacity and wear-resistance are of essence. The MDM900 is an allmetal, thick-walled, extra heavy-duty pump designed specifically for extremely arduous mill duty applications.

“Slurry handling is vital in maximizing a minerals processing plant’s productivity and efficiency. The advanced design of the MDM900 enables minimized slurry velocities in the pumps, thus reducing the rate of wear significantly.

This translates to increased uptime and productivity for our customers. We are also proud to have implemented many

environmentally sustainable design initiatives in the MDM900 pump, which is part of our Planet Positive offering, as are all our MD Series pumps. As examples of its environmentally sustainable features, I would like to mention the reduced footprint of this massive pump, and its standard low-flow shaft seal to minimize the pump’s freshwater requirement during operation,” says Diwakar Aduri, Product Manager for MD Pumps at Metso Outotec.

Specifications of the MDM900 mill discharge slurry pump • Flows up to 13,500 m³/h (60,000 gpm) • Heads up to 40 m (132 ft) • Frame: FR2100 • Impeller diameter: 2100 mm (83 inches) • Inlet size: 900 mm (36 inches)

Metso Outotec MD Series pumps offer outstanding uptime and sustained efficiencies. The MD pumps have been designed for efficient operation and long wear life to match the mill’s uptime.

Metso Outotec’s MD Series pumps come in two tailored solutions, MDM and MDR. The MDM (Mill Discharge Metal) pumps are available in size ranges of 250-900, and the MDR (Mill Discharge Rubber) models come in size ranges of 250-700. Both pump types are suited for heavy-duty use in concentrator plants offering excellent resistance to abrasion and erosion.

www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

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PRODUCT

Innovative Fuel Additive Company Fuel Ox Reduces Emissions by Over 50% While Improving Fuel Efficiency by 7-10%. the water pump and over 30% for the bulldozer. All also showed significant reduction in soot emissions although no readings were taken.

F

uel Ox, LLC, a subsidiary of Industrial Sustainability Group, a company dedicated to providing industrial strength products for heavy industry that are also eco-friendly, has been showing impressive results in the mining industry in Africa as well as the rest of the world. In particular their patented fuel additive Fuel Ox with Combustion Catalyst, which includes an organo-metallic fuel borne catalyst, originally created for intense applications like the United States Military, promotes an earlier and more thorough combustion. This results in more power, better fuel economy and – because of the more thorough burn of fuel – far less emissions of all types.

to improve fuel efficiency by 8% while decreasing the soot (coal) emissions by 70%.

Testing in Western Africa has concentrated on the gold mining industry in particular and has taken place on Caterpillar 777 haul trucks at PW Mining in Ghana. The Iamgold test was conducted on Caterpillar 785c Haul trucks, a Caterpillar D-9 bulldozer and a water pump. The two trucks at PW Mining showed improvements of 9.3% and 11.6%. The Iamgold test resulted in an average fuel efficiency improvement of 9% on the two haul trucks, 9.25% on

It is important to note the inverse relationship between the temperature of the combustion versus Diesel Particulate Matter (soot) creation and that of Nitrous Oxide Gases (NOx), the most notorious of all greenhouse gases. Generally speaking, the hotter the combustion, the less soot is created but the more NOx is created. Likewise, the cooler the burn the less NOx but more soot. This is important to keep in mind as Fuel Ox with Combustion Catalyst lowers the combustion point so it also lowers the overall combustion temperatures but still burns more of the fuel thereby having a positive effect by reducing both soot and NOx production at the same time.

Recent testing has taken place with such companies as Iamgold in Burkina Faso and PW Mining in Ghana as well as others in Peru and the United States.

In related testing on large generators in Italy for Enel Fuel Ox has been shown

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Readings for emissions were taken however in Peru at the Santander mine that resulted in a number of impressive tallies that speak to the effectiveness of Fuel Ox with Combustion Catalyst in reducing greenhouse emissions.

These tests were taken at an average elevation of 14,000 feet and many were underground. Keeping in mind the relationship between combustion temperature and emissions creation mentioned above - the average Combustion Temperature in the mine was reduced from 225.7 c to 150.1 c, a 33.5% reduction. But because the combustion began slightly earlier and resulted in a more thorough burn the Diesel Particulate Matter (soot or coal) was also reduced from 64.83 to 8.43 or a reduction of 87%. The H2S was reduced from 15.9 to 9.5, a reduction of 40%.

NOx was reduced from 368.4 to 180.3, a reduction of 51% and finally the SO2 was reduced from 13.3 to 2.9 or 78%.

When asked to comment Rand Taylor, President and Cofounder of Fuel Ox, LLC said,” These are the kind of results that Fuel Ox brings to all of their customers and a good reason why we continue to grow dramatically even throughout the Pandemic. At a cost of about 1% of a companies’ entire fuel cost we bring a terrific value to every vehicle or piece of machinery on the planet. The rising fuel prices and focus on cleaner air only make what we offer more valuable.”

Industrial Sustainability Group Inc. and Fuel Ox, LLC also provide a 100% plant based lubricant line called Infinity Lubes that far outperforms all greases and lubricants- most by as much as 700800%. They are located in Asbury, NJ USA and supply companies throughout the world.

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W O R L D

C L A S S

LAY-FLAT

HOSES SUPERMAN HVT

M

andals lay-flat hoses are an important part of an optimal water management system. Effective mine de-watering and slope depressurization systems are important components of many surface and underground mining operations.

In high flow and deep well de-watering systems for mines, layflat hoses are used to deliver or remove the many thousand gallons of water needed per minute. In mines where pit slope depressurization is essential to maintain stable slopes, lay-flat hoses offer ease of handling, deployment and retrieval. And if the mining operation is to be taken to a deeper level, bore hoses are used to remove ground water.

Lay-flat hoses are ideal for rapid large volume de-watering due to less pressure drop over large distances. Not to forget the rapid and flexible deployment compared to other types of rigid hoses or steel pipes.

Mine de-watering takes place in the harshest of environments.

This requires extremely abrasion resistant hoses to withstand being deployed down steep, rocky mountain sides, lowered into deep wells and to carry the weight of a full set of submersible pumping equipment. www.mandals.com/industries/mining

WELLMAN

SUPERMAN HVT

Flexible rising main

Designed for long life and maintenance-free service in the harshest environments.

This world class leading hose is tough and durable with exceptional resistance to abrasion and cutting.

Wellman 300 flexible rising main is designed as a permanent alternative to traditional materials such as steel, fibreglass, PVC and polyethylene in water wells with electric submersible pumps.

MANTEX HP World class lay-flat hose designed for compressed air at high working pressures, while still offering a light-weight solution easy to deploy and store

WE ARE LOOKING FOR NEW DISTRIBUTORS JOIN OUR TEAM

Mandals (a Michelin Group company) is a world leading manufacturer of premium lay-flat hoses. With over 245 years of experience in production and distribution of lay-flat hoses, you can trust us as your next business partner. Mandals has become a well-known brand though our worldwide sales and distribution strategy.

We can offer a solid base of products and solutions, in addition to in-house services that can help your business grow together with the Mandals brand.

We are looking for new partners in various industries, such as agriculture/irrigation, oil and gas, mining and portable water. We are always open to explore new industries as well.

If you would like to discuss your future partnership with us, please contact us at sales@mandals.com and we will get back to you as soon as possible. If you would like to know more about our products, please have a look at our website www.mandals.com

PRODUCT

The power of two!

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tlas Copco once again sets the innovation benchmark in portable power by housing two fully loaded generators in one custom 20-foot container. This smart move provides the ultimate reliable and flexible prime and critical standby power solution for utilities, rental, construction, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas applications with variable load requirements. “The QAC TwinPower™ is a containerised generator with two power packs,” explains David Stanford, Atlas Copco Power Technique Business Line Manager - Portable Products.

“By containerising two QAC generators side by side and packaging up to 1MW of predictable power on a single platform, we have doubled the power and the flexibility offering to our customers and end-users. To add even more value, we have designed these generators with the

objective to provide customers with the opportunity to choose the power solution best suited for those applications with changeable power and current usage requirements.”

“This modular solution is unrivalled when it comes to flexibility and economy,” continues Stanford. He explains that this configuration, with its fast-paralleling system, allows the two generators to work independently or in parallel with each other, providing multiple solutions and combinations between prime and standby use, one unit working at 50Hz and the other at 60Hz. For handling even larger projects, the QAC 1350 TwinPower™ has two dedicated Atlas Copco controllers Qc4004, including touchscreen Qd1001 functionality, enabling end-users to easily parallel with other generators.

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Alongside the choice of island mode or using the Power Management System (PMS), it is also possible to run them in parallel with mains, peak shaving, fixed power and AMF. In addition, owing to the TwinPower™ concept, one generator can run at 50% while the other is being serviced, offering end-users a built-in backup as standard for seamless 24/7 power supply.

In terms of operational costs, the highly efficient QAC generator delivers maximum power with minimal fuel consumption. Setting these generators apart is the smart electric VSD (Variable Speed Drive) motor-driven cooling fan which adjusts the cooling flow to the specific requirements of the engine.

The unrivalled load acceptance ability of these generators is thanks to the engine/alternator performance which, in

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association with its respective advanced control systems, is able to accept a 100% load step with more than 70% load step acceptance within ISO 8528-G3 class respectively. Stanford also points out that with a fuel saving of up to 10%, the performance of these generators is equal to or even better than the conventional single engine generator running under normal load. This efficiency also helps to reduce customers’ carbon footprint.

The spillage free frame, which can contain 110% of the fuel tank capacity, reduces any potentially negative impact the environment.

The Stage V compliant QAC 1350 TwinPower™ is also environmentally smart. With an up to 85% reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, this containerised solution helps end-users to shrink their carbon footprint. A low noise level of 70dB(A) at 7m makes these containerised generators highly suited for applications that are at the heart of the working environment, creating a safe and comfortable work space. A touch screen provides operators with easy

functionality. For end-users, it is always critical to maximise uptime along every phase of the supply chain. As containers are designed for easy transportation, the containerised generators are easily moved from one worksite to the next.

Featuring a compact footprint and equipped with solid lifting eyes and forklift inlets, the 20-foot ISO-certified container can be swiftly and safely positioned on site or manoeuvered onto flat-bed trucks for transportation between sites.

Also contributing to optimum uptime and subsequent elevated production levels is the generator’s remarkable serviceability. The QAC generators require less than two hours of service after 500 hours of operation. Large access panels and several custom service tools allow for effortless maintenance while the strategic positioning of the two generators’ engines and alternators on opposite sides of the platform allow for fast and easy access to major components. Heavy-duty dual stage fuel and air filtration is included

as standard, for longer up-time and extended service intervals. The slide in/ out base frame facilitates the removal of the aggregate engine from the container for maintenance and other operational tasks.

The robust containerised generators are ideal for use in extreme temperatures and at high altitudes. The QAC’s intelligent engine/alternator cooling system guarantees 100%m power at 40°C at an altitude of 1000m.

Atlas Copco generators are renowned for their rugged reliability and efficiency over an extended life span and the EU compliant QAC units stay true to these high standards. “There can simply be no compromise when it comes to superior quality components which are designed and tested to ensure a long and productive lifespan for low total cost of ownership,” concludes Stanford.

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PRODUCT

SKF South Africa’s Authorised Distributor, Bolt & Engineering Distributors (Group) (B.E.D.) Rustenburg, delivers turnkey lubrication solution for platinum mine customer

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KF South Africa’s Authorised Distributor, Bolt & Engineering Distributors (Group) (B.E.D.) Rustenburg supplied and fitted System 24 to provide a seamless solution for a platinum mine that was facing lubrication problems on their agitators. The mine, which is located in South Africa’s NorthWest Province, was looking for a reliable dual solution that would not only ensure that lubrication on their agitators is carried out correctly, but that it is also done on time.

“Lubrication is fundamental to high equipment availability and subsequent plant uptime, but just as important as the lubrication itself, is the application of the right amount of lube at the right time,” notes Eddie Martens, SKF Product Manager - MaPro. He adds that over-lubrication is both costly and wasteful while underlubrication can result in equipment failure. B.E.D. Rustenburg approached SKF to provide a quote for the supply of System 24, including fitment of the units on to agitators.” The solution also required the fabrication of specialised mounting brackets. Recognising the value of System 24 and the potential in realising significant savings from both a time and cost perspective, the mine customer accepted the quote.

The mine has reported that B.E.D. has successfully resolved their lubrication issues, so much so that they have requested further quotes for similar lubrication solutions on other parts of the plant. “We anticipate that the customer will require further lubrication solutions as the mine continues to expand. Alongside strengthening our relationship with our Authorised Distributor, going forward, we are also now able to produce the specialised mounting brackets for other projects. Owing to B.E.D. Rustenburg’s outstanding service, we have a very satisfied customer,” concludes Martens.

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SRK appoints Sambwa as DRC chair

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xperienced geological consultant, Dominique Sambwa has been appointed chairman of SRK Consulting Congo, based in Lubumbashi in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

Sambwa has 25 years of experience in the minerals sector of the DRC, having joined the SRK Lubumbashi office when it was established over a decade ago. The office now has 14 local professionals and support staff, and is an integral part of SRK’s global network of engineers and scientists in over 45 offices.

Sambwa’s career began in field exploration, leading him to join state-owned copper and cobalt mine Gécamines in 1998. His role expanded into plant production management, and then into process plant planning and establishment.

After returning to the prospecting field in 2006, he entered consulting in 2008 as the founding managing director of Onyx Consulting, before joining SRK Consulting in 2010.

His work at SRK has included several greenfield and brown-field projects around the DRC, Guinea, Tanzania and Zambia. These have focused on various facets aimed at resource estimation, including exploration, quality assurance and quality control compliance, best practice, data management, GIS and project management.

Looking towards the future, Sambwa said an important aspect of his role as chairman was to promote the application of global standards in the field of geological reporting.

“To build a firm foundation for the country’s mining sector, it is critical that exploration and mining data generated by mining operations is accurately reported in line with accepted standards,” he said. “SRK will also continue to nurture and mentor local professionals, to help build internal capacity and growth.”

Sambwa holds a BSc (Hons) in geology and mineralogy from the University of Lubumbashi, and is a member of the Ordre National des Géologues du Congo and the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. He speaks French, English, Swahili and Lingala.

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13

INSIGHT

Aggreko releases top energy trends for guiding miners to net zero

Aggreko hybrid power plants combining renewables with battery storage and other sources

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ith decarbonisation at the forefront of miners’ agendas, the world’s leading provider of mobile and modular power solutions, Aggreko, has released its top tips to help miners decarbonise now and into the future. Aggreko’s Global Head of Mining, Rod Saffy, said while miners were

embracing the global energy transition, some were unsure where to begin.

“For some miners it’s about knowing where to start and they may be weighing up the cost, risk and threat of new technology in the future,” Mr Saffy said.

“Fortunately, technology isn’t in the same place as it was five years ago or even two years ago. Some of the renewable power technologies available today, combined with thermal generation in a hybrid solution offer the same – if not better – levels of reliability and competitiveness than traditional thermal technology.”

Mr Saffy said power generation companies were taking significant steps to support miners on their respective paths to netzero emissions. “Increasingly, power companies are offering renewables such as solar and wind energy to off-grid mines, and we often integrate those with battery storage solutions and thermal microgrids,” he said.

Aggreko guides miners to net zero targets

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“If you consider a hybrid power solution – where you switch in renewables to your power mix alongside fossil fuels – your operation will be more flexible and can scale up and down as needed.

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“Our approach means miners can also partner with us long term without being tied down to one fuel type for their power source, and new technology is introduced as it becomes viable.

“Integrating renewables in this manner will result in greater cost-savings and efficiencies for your project.” One solar and thermal hybrid solution Aggreko delivered for a remote gold mine in Africa resulted in more than 12% savings in fuel (about 10,000 litres a day) and the contract offered meant the miner did not have to come up with capital to invest in the solar plant. Another example Aggreko was working on, Mr Saffy said, was a hybrid solar and thermal power solution for the Salares Norte open pit mine in Chile.

“It is a ground-breaking solution designed to provide power for the entire mine, which sits at an altitude of 4,500m in the Andes mountain range and is 190km from the nearest town,” Mr Saffy said.

“Once complete the hybrid power plant is expected to achieve $7.4 million in cost of energy savings over the next decade a further $1.1 million in carbon tax offset over the life of the mine, in addition to 104,000 tonnes of carbon emissions savings.

“The system will surpass the Chilean government’s environmental standards as well as Gold Fields’ requirement for a minimum of 20% renewable power generation for mining operations.”

Mr Saffy said the pathways to decarbonisation that held the most appeal for miners currently included:

•

•

Hybrid power plants (as mentioned): These combine renewables (e.g., solar, wind) with thermal generation and battery storage, benefiting areas with limited or no access to permanent power. These are generally cost-competitive. Once solar or wind plants are installed, their generation running costs are relatively low and at zero emissions.

Virtual gas pipelines: Gas power generation offers a greener and more cost-effective alternative to diesel and heavy fuel oil. A virtual pipeline is a substitute, and an alternative, for a physical pipeline. Gas is instead transported as LNG or CNG to the point of use by sea, road, or rail. For

Renewable energy power systems in action

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mines not connected to a physical pipeline and looking to switch to gas from diesel, a virtual pipeline model simply imitates their current supply solution. For users who are connected to a gas pipeline but are looking to supplement insufficient or unreliable pipeline capacity, the virtual power plant solution has several advantages over diesel.

Renewable energy: Renewable energy power systems are an effective way of tapping into natural resources to provide power, such as wind farms, hydro power and solar.

The challenge is their reliability on weather, hence why if power is interrupted for any reason it is important to ensure they’re backed by with batteries or a temporary thermal power solution.

A significant future fuel in this space will be hydrogen. Investment in hydrogen is on the rise too because of the role it can play in supporting a global transition to net-zero. Its versatility and compatibility with existing furnaces, engines and generators make it particularly appealing for the mining industry. Businesses around the world are at the beginning of their hydrogen journeys and need to be supported to find the best ways of integrating it into their operations.

Mr Saffy said energy sources likely to become more prevalent in mining during the next 10 years included biofuels (would become less expensive),

hydropower, energy storage (such as pumped, mechanical flywheel), and gas generation which runs with a hybrid renewable system. While it is increasingly utilised now as power source, wind and solar power is expected to gain more momentum.

Aggreko is also experimenting with mobile wind solutions, re-deployable solar panels and tidal wave power (though tidal wave power might not be for the mining industry yet). The company is also accelerating its investments in hydrogen technology. Trials are underway in Europe on two different technologies, where Aggreko is collaborating with lead customers and partners trialing hydrogen generators and fuel cell battery hybrids.

“It’s a very exciting time in the mining sector, and it will be amazing to see the innovations presented during the next few years as miners and energy companies collaborate and come up with new ideas for a greener future,” Mr Saffy said.

“The key though is to start now – you can embrace renewables now into your energy mix because, done correctly, cost and emission savings can be greatly reduced without compromising reliability.”

Aggreko has its own net-zero goals by 2050 and has a 2030 target to reduce diesel use in its customer solutions by 50%.

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15

COVERSTORY

Increasing Complexity Raises Bar for Rock Engineering William Joughin, Chairman and Corporate Consultant (Rock Engineering) Ed Saunders, Principal Consultant - Mining Rock Mechanics Diane Walker, Principal (Geotechnical Engineering)

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ith the world’s most accessible mineral deposits already discovered and developed, extraction conditions are becoming progressively more difficult – making rock engineering more demanding. In open pits, slopes are often required to be steeper, with increased production pressures. As underground mines deepen, there is growing risk of mininginduced stresses and rock bursts.

Orebodies also tend to be geologically more disturbed, making them harder to mine.

Orebodies are often exploited from surface using low-cost open pit mining, but as the orebody continues deeper, waste stripping becomes excessive and underground mining is considered. The transition from open pit to underground is challenging. Many factors, such as the shape and size of the orebody, rock mass characteristics, geological

structure, economics, underground mining methods, environmental constraints, management of water, surface infrastructure and impact on local communities need to be considered.

The decision to leave a crown pillar to prevent pit slope failure and subsidence or remove the crown and manage the failure impacts needs to be made at the very beginning. This decision also significantly affects the design of the access to the underground operation, which in turn affects the timing and cost of the transition. Rock engineering plays a major role in all decisions.

William Joughin chairman and principal mining engineer SRK Consulting (SA)

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Among the underground mining methods available, block caving is often favoured wherever it is feasible, as its costeffectiveness makes it possible to mine even low-grade deposits economically.

However, it does require higher capital costs, including intensive upfront

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as the quality of the data. The tools at our disposal to gather the necessary data are constantly improving. SRK makes the most of existing data to focus engineering works from an early stage.

Diane Walker DVOB.

to anticipating hazardous conditions and can be incorporated into the mining strategies we recommend.

The significant impact of water on the stability of pit slopes and underground excavations, especially in shallower operations, highlights the role of the hydrogeologist.

investigation and analysis. While some other methods provide opportunities to learn lessons as mining progresses, block caving is less forgiving – the correct strategies must be adopted from the start.

Various methods of analysis are available.

Complex numerical modelling can assist in quantifying failure mechanisms, for instance, while a quantitative risk evaluation approach can be used to estimate the impact of slope failure on a mine’s net present value. The quality of the analysis is, of course, only as good

Incorporating new technologies improves our investigation methods into rock mass conditions and allows data collection to be conducted remotely where access is unsafe or inaccessible. Some remote tools are also proving useful during the COVID-19 pandemic, when it is difficult to travel and to gain access to mine sites. LiDAR drone surveys have been employed to scan narrow-vein stopes before backfilling, for example.

Bathymetric and three-dimensional sonar surveys have even been taken in a mine closed over 50 years ago, improving the spatial understanding of the mine workings themselves, as well as the quality of the rock mass and the stability of the excavation.

The data and analysis must lead to a practical solution, and here there is no substitute for experience. At the end of a complex analysis, the experienced engineer must understand the risks that have been quantified and mitigate these in a safe and cost-effective strategy. SRK can match the most appropriate team from its global network of consulting practices with the project deposit and operating conditions, including structural geologists, hydrogeologists and numerical modellers.

All this points towards the growing importance of rock engineering design and the various technical inputs that contribute to this complex field. This applies not only from an economic perspective, but equally from the point of view of health and safety as well as operational risk. More geologically disturbed environments present a higher safety risk, requiring greater engineering effort to execute the mine plan. A comprehensive, integrated approach using a multi-disciplinary team is required, taking into account geological, geotechnical, structural and hydrogeological data. The interpretation of structures and rock mass is vital

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REPORT

Metals to remain supported at elevated price levels in 2022 • •

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Going forward, the outlook for the sector remains constructive, with most base metals still trading above historical levels, albeit lower on average compared to 2021. The fading pandemic and the tightening US monetary policy both still have the potential to deliver economic setbacks, but persistent supply chain challenges, a changing inflation landscape and the energy transition should, overall, create a bullish environment for industrial commodities.

Even more encouraging are early signs of policy easing in China, which should filter through to the real economy by mid-2022.

Highest aluminium prices in 30 years projected Likely no easing of cobalt price surge, with cobalt supply increasingly unable to keep pace with demand EV sales’ market penetration should exceed 50% by 2030

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021 was certainly a year for the commodity markets history books.

While we expected a much better year compared to the COVID-hit 2020, we did not envisage the remarkable price performance of our products, nor the strongest returns of the broader commodities sector in over a decade.

Copper, iron ore and natural gas prices hit all-time highs; the price of aluminium surged to a 13-year high, gaining over 40% YoY; while the price of cobalt more than doubled, reaching its highest level since 2018. The main driving forces for these markets were supply chain disruptions, production restrictions in China, the energy crisis, a stimulusled consumption boom in the US and depleted inventories.

Benedikt Sobotka, CEO of Eurasian Resources Group

Aluminium: solid gains still expected We believe that aluminium has strong potential to outperform other LME base metals in 2022, having again breached the important milestone of USD 3,000/ tonne at the start of this year. The market will remain in a sizable deficit for the second consecutive year, with visible inventories at the lowest level since the global financial crisis. China’s aluminium supply growth will be constrained by the country’s strict energy consumption controls and a slow ramp-up of idled smelting capacity.

Moreover, the world’s accelerated decarbonisation efforts and soaring energy prices limit capacity additions outside China. In fact, we could see further smelting capacity cuts in Europe (~700kt or about 14% of exRussia European smelting capacity has already been cut). At the same time, aluminium demand is supported by China’s infrastructure investments, while the focus on renewables, rising EVs production and recyclable aluminium packaging should ensure aluminium demand growth is exceeding supply growth globally. As a result, we could see the highest aluminium prices in over 30 years.

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The stage is set for cobalt to climb to new highs Cobalt’s 119% price surge through the course of 2021 emanates a very loud and clear message: the market is severely short of the blue metal. As we move into the New Year, there are no discernible signs of any fundamental easing, with prices remaining on an upward trajectory as consumers skirmish to secure sparsely available spot units – a situation that will undoubtedly persist throughout 2022 and beyond.

heavyweights, Boeing and Airbus, have announced ambitious production targets for this year.

adoption of the historically troublesome high pressure acid leach technology at numerous mine projects in Indonesia.

Meanwhile, cobalt supply is increasingly unable to keep pace with demand.

The underlying reason behind this is straightforward: as giga-factories pop up at record speeds (BMI predicts that global battery production capacity will quadruple between 2020 and 2025), developing industrial-scale mines still takes 10-15 years on average.

While it seems ‘obvious’ to us today that much of the tightness is underscored by stellar demand growth from the electric vehicle (EV) segment; just a year ago, most of us would have sniggered with disbelief at the prospect of EV sales more-than-doubling in 2021. Yet it is now a reality, and the pace of EV adoption shows few signs of losing momentum, being supported by the global transition to a greener future.

Importantly, downside risks surround the timely commissioning and ramping-up of many existing projects, in view of global shortages of mining equipment and the

Furthermore, the responsiveness of artisanal cobalt supply to elevated prices has been reduced by consumers’ growing scrutiny of the cobalt supply chain, facilitated by new tracing solutions, such as the Battery Passport and ReISource, and the DRC government’s efforts to introduce stronger controls to the sector.

Finally, the movement and availability of cobalt raw materials continues to experience logistical disruptions, which are likely to persist throughout the course of this year.

We firmly believe that future EV sales will continue to exceed analysts’ expectations, driven by governments’ ambitious adoption goals and manufacturers’ aggressive sales targets. Based on these announcements alone, we believe that EV sales’ market penetration should exceed 50% by 2030, which is in stark contrast to most analysts’ currently conservative forecasts of around 30%. Perhaps an even more powerful force for change will be consumers’ booming receptiveness to EVs, incentivised by their performance benefits, lower running costs, improving range, strong environmental credentials, and – perhaps most importantly – falling prices relative to their petrol and diesel counterparts.

Yet, the cobalt market will not be reliant solely on the EV sector for strong demand growth in 2022 and beyond. The use of cobalt-bearing lithium-ion batteries is bourgeoning across a spectrum of enduse sectors, from mobile electronics to e-mobility and battery energy storage systems. Even demand from traditional cobalt metal end-use sectors, which account for around a quarter of overall consumption, looks set to undergo a boom this year, spurred by the recovery of the aerospace sector. The International Air Transport Association forecasts that global air travel demand will grow by 52.5% YoY in 2022, while industry

Closely connected

T

he metal bellows couplings series KG, optionally also available in stainless steel as series “KG-VA”, meets high requirements. The transmission is made via torsionally rigid, two-, fouror six shaft stainless steel bellows, the couplings are available for torque ranges of 2 (MKG) - 3000 Nm (KG) as well as shaft diameters of 12 - 100 mm. It can be used at temperature ranges from -40 ° C to + 300 °C. One side is designed as a customerspecific flange or hub for the machineside connection, the radial clamping hub of the other side facilitates easy and fast assembly (EASY-clamp) and guarantees an absolutely playfree, secure and force-transmitting transmission of the torques, even without a keyway.

The connection between bellows and hub is made by a microplasma welding process. This offers constructive advantages, such as the reduced overall length. The coupling is absolutely backlash free, high concentric and has maximum torsional stiffness.

The couplings are particularly suitable for use on the input side of low-backlash worm or planetary gear units. In stainless steel, they are qualified for transport, packaging and filling plants in the food industry. But also in the metallurgical industry, the galvanic industry, the vacuum sector or the area of satellite technology equipment, stainless steel bellows couplings are preferably installed.

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21

TECHNOLOGY

BME’s AXXIS Titanium initiates record blast in SA

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nother record-breaking blast has been notched up by Omnia Group Company BME using its latest generation AXXIS Titanium electronic detonation system. The blast of 5,209 detonators was conducted recently at a chrome mine in South Africa’s North West province, according to Tinus Brits, BME’s Global Product Manager – AXXIS™. Brits highlighted how the enhanced features of AXXIS Titanium™ allows mines to respond quickly and easily to raised production demands.

“While a record blast is always an achievement to be celebrated, this was a standard production blast requiring nothing different or extra from the mine,” he said. “The ease-of-use of AXXIS Titanium™, the speed at which blasts can be prepared, and its rapid testing features make this possible.”

The dual voltage basis of the new system means that detonators can be tested while they are logged in, with the logging and testing conducted as a single function. As a result, this record blast could be primed, charged, tied-up, logged, tested and programmed in just two days.

“With AXXIS Titanium™, the logger does everything for you,” he said.

Multiple loggers were used on the blast, with each operator logging a portion of the blast to speed up the process; the log files are then seamlessly combined.

By consuming less energy, AXXIS Titanium™ allows up to 1000 detonators to be initiated by each blasting box –

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reducing the amount of equipment that is needed on site.

“This helps improve the reliability of blasts, as there are fewer items of equipment to communicate with each other,” said Brits. “These high levels of reliability ensure a quality blast with no misfires, even in single-prime blasts – where there is just one detonator per hole – as was the case in this record blast.”

He also emphasised the intuitive faultfinding capacity of the AXXIS Titanium™ system, which identifies those detonators which have not been logged onto the harness wire. The operator is informed precisely where the relevant detonator is to be found, so it can be quickly logged.

“It also solves the problem of ‘intruders’ – those detonators that were accidentally missed during the logging process,” he said. “Again, the operator can speedily fix this issue wherever it occurs, ensuring that there are no misfires in the blast.”

The unique design of the AXXIS Titanium™ connector is another important factor, allowing blasters to log and test detonators without the need to open the connector. The gel in the connector that ensures a good seal, therefore is not disturbed during testing and logging.

“It only gets opened up once you connect it to the surface wire, which is why the sealing of our connectors is so good – eradicating resistance or leakage on the block,” he said.

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PROJECT

Zambian Government Fasttracks the GED Africa Route The Government of the Republic of Zambia hosted a workshop with GED Africa’s management and advisory teams to accelerate the project’s development

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ust a month after the successful completion of GED Zambia’s early works civil construction, the Government of the Republic of Zambia continues to play a key role in maintaining the project’s momentum as they hosted GED Africa for a three-day working session (January 19-21, 2022).

Delegates included representatives from various Ministries and Government Agencies, including the Zambia Road Development Agency (RDA), came together in the spirit of ensuring the success of this public-private partnership project. Discussions were chaired by Mr. Mumba Chanda, Director, Local Government Finance and Projects from the Ministry of Finance. GED Africa’s management team, RDA Design and Planning engineers, representatives from Duna Aszfalt, and project advisors were also in attendance.

“We thank the Government of Zambia and RDA for leading this informative session, as well as Duna Aszfalt’s technical and financial experts from Hungary for their valuable support.

Bringing all the key stakeholders together in this way enabled us to

underline our shared commitment to facilitating trade for social development and sustainable economic growth.

Widespread consultation and open dialogue platforms have been hallmarks of this project since its inception, with this week’s event being a prime example of this approach.” – Klaus Findt, CEO, GED Africa.

This unique opportunity to gather insights from experts across multiple Government Departments allowed for fruitful discussions on the technical and financial models required to achieve upcoming milestones.

The wide representation and open dialogue expedited efficient decision making and mutually beneficial solutions. Throughout the session, delegates remained engaged and open to the technical expertise that the GED Africa and their main financial sponsor, Duna Aszfalt, bring to the project.

30% of the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contracts will be awarded to Zambian contractors, creating an increased opportunity for local contractors to benefit from international skills transfer throughout

the implementation of this world class project.

The One Stop Border Post concept was presented to experts from the Zambian Contracting Authorities and then discussed in depth with local engineers boasting a wide range of experience.

GED Africa introduced the detailed design drawings 2 of the 345-meter, single pylon, cable-stayed bridge to be built over Luapula River and presented details on the successful completion of the early works civil construction, which is an important step in preparation for the project. In addition to the legal and financial discussions that took place, delegates were briefed on the overloading strategy, a critical concept regarding asset preservation for the Concessionaire.

The sessions concluded by further defining deliverables based on robust timelines. The Government of the Republic of Zambia and GED Africa agreed on clear next steps and are eager to deliver this widely anticipated project that will enhance regional trade and serve the wider public.

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FEATURE

Industrial Shredders in Mining Shear Shredders: Shear shredders perform cutting and slicing of materials instead of grinding and crushing. This is done by rotary cutters or specially designed knives.

Shear shredders differ in structure and composition depending upon their application.

Special Shredders: These are manufactured to serve peculiar purposes. Depending upon the terrain or material, specialty shredders can be customized by combining the functionality of any of the above shredders.

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All Purpose Shredders: Large, very minimal speed, hightorque rods with carbide cams or studs, occasionally with hydraulic rams to aid with the intake, make up the machinery.

These are majorly used for large scale demolition projects. External systems that remove toxic liquids, gases, or solids, and filter metals from other materials are frequently used in conjunction with them.

This functionality comes in very handy, especially in coal mining.

ndustrial shredders are high powered equipment and are often designed as per the needs. The size or composition of the material to be processed determines the type of grinder to be used.

Working of Industrial Shredders: Industrial shredders operate at a slow speed. The higher torque enables the shredders not to stress the motor much and use up minimal energy. Slower speed and high torque generate enough pressure to pierce through both dry and wet materials.

Shredders cut, grind, hammer, and compress the materials. Some shredders also perform shaking and sorting.

Routine monitoring of the equipment is a crucial factor in maintaining its efficiency.

It’s critical to make sure there’s enough power and cutting force to reach your final product.

Types of Industrial Shredders Used in Mining Multiple types of shredders are used in the mining industry. These types are based on their function and application.

Following are some types of industrial shredders that are used in mining: Grinders as Shredders: Grinders can be high or low speed shredders that use pressure and abrasion to grind materials. Wheels and plates may be used to pulverize matter into granules.

Benefits of Industrial Shredders in Mining: Industrial shredders have a myriad of applications in the mining industry.

These can be used to process materials in the field as well as indoors.

Shredding Through Chippers: These chip off materials in the form of flakes. Chippers do that with the help of high speed rotating knives. It can be done in single or multiple stages.

Materials can be fed either manually or automatically into the chippers.

Granulators in Mining: Granulators are usually used in the mining or fertilizer industry. In mining it is used to recycle the materials extracted.

Hammermills in Mining: As the name suggests, it uses force to shatter matter in mining. It uses rotating hammers to perform its function. The material, structure, and distribution of hammers control the size of resultant particles.

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Using industrial shredders in mining has the following benefits: • These consume very little energy as compared to the force they can exert.

• These produce high torque to split hard materials.

• It decreases human input. Most shredders have an automated feeding mechanism.

• These produce increased output as compared to human force.

• These can shred diverse terrains and materials during mining.

• Shredders have low maintenance costs.

• These not only grind and cut materials but are also used to recycle and filter out required objects.

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FEATURE

TOMRA Mining delivers sensorbased sorting in extreme conditions at Renison Tin mine in Tasmania TOMRA Mining provides effective solution for the extreme conditions at the Bluestone Mines Tasmania JV (BMTJV) Renison tin mine in Tasmania, with its XRT sensor-based sorting technology unlocking significant value and delivering environmental benefits.

Bluestone Plant

T

he Renison mine is 50% owned

by Metals X through the Bluestone Mines Tasmania Joint Venture (BMTJV). It is the only major tin project in production in Australia with a mining rate of close to 1Mtpa, although the concentrator is restricted at 750,000tpa.

The extreme humidity, with an annual rainfall of over 3,000 mm, and the highly acidic processing water with pH around 4.5, creates unique challenges for the sorting process, the equipment, and waste management, which BMTJV resolved with TOMRA’s help.

A complex flowsheet The underground mine operates a primary crushing system before the

material is transported to the surface through a shaft. Once there, it enters the pre-concentration plant, where it undergoes a 3-stage crushing, screening and cleaning. The particles are split into two fractions – 10 to 25mm and 25 to 60mm – which are fed into two TOMRA X-Ray Transmission (XRT) sorters.

The output consists of two streams: the product, which is transferred to the wet plant, and the waste, which is fed into a TOMRA EM sorter to separate acidforming sulphides. In the wet plant, the product goes through primary grinding followed by bulk sulphide flotation.

The tailings are processed downstream to concentrate the cassiterite tin mineral

through gravity concentration, gravity tails are further treated via desliming and tin flotation. The combined concentrates are fed to a leaching circuit to remove carbonate minerals, after a final wash stage the concentrate is de-watered and dispatched.

BMTJV approached TOMRA to address two key requirements. The first was the need to upgrade their tin feed to the plant: “The Renison Tin operation wanted to achieve economies of scale, putting more tons through the front end of the plant without upgrading the back end downstream – we wanted to do more with less,” explains Ben Wraith, Principal Project Metallurgist at BMTJV.

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FEATURE

Renison Mine_Ore Sorter

The second requirement was to address the environmental issue of removing acid-forming sulphides from the waste.

Following site visits and extensive discussions with BMTJV’s teams, TOMRA proposed a solution that addressed the tin feed quality with two COM Tertiary XRT 1200 sorters and the waste issue with a COM Tertiary EM 1200 sorter. A team from BMTJV visited the TOMRA Test Center in Sydney, where they observed what the XRT sorter operating at capacity is capable of and experienced first-hand the exceptional accuracy of TOMRA’s XRT sensor. “Our XRT stands out for the high spatial and density resolution and its ability to do contrast sorting, identifying fine high-density tin inclusions in the ore with an accuracy that has no equal on the market,” says Gavin Rech, Technical Manager at TOMRA. “On top of that, it can separate it from the acid-forming sulphides, so that we have the ability of pulling the tin into the first product and sending the rest to the EM sorter.”

TOMRA XRT sorters: the right solution for Renison’s specific conditions The two COM Tertiary XRT 1200 sorters went into operation in 2018. Initially, BMTJV’s strategy focused on low reject grades, devoting less attention to achieving the mass reject rate and overall process plant throughput. However, the specific conditions at the Renison mine affected the results achieved. The large variance in Run of Mine (ROM) particle size distribution resulted in insufficient stability in the feed to the circuit. In addition, the extremely wet conditions in West Tasmania and consequent high ambient moisture content, combined with the high moisture ore delivered from underground, further affected the sorting process.

Ben Wraith, Ppal Project Metallurgist

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In 2019, a new investigation was opened into the ore sorting performance and led to a change of direction: “a paradigm shift away from targeting low reject grades, towards sorting as aggressively as possible, moving from a tin recovery-

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based operating strategy to a mass reduction one,” explains Ben Wraith.

“We are getting 20 to 25% mass reduction, so 75 to 80% of the materials are going into the wet plant, and we are still achieving 97 to 98% tin recovery overall across the crushing circuit. Preconcentration didn’t materially impact overall recovery, because the tin in the material that is rejected as waste is extremely fine grained and a proportion is associated with sulphides, so it wouldn’t have been fully recovered in the downstream wet plant and would have been lost to tailings. This approach is best for Bluestone’s application: this configuration gives us the ability to process 15 to 20% more tin units without having to upgrade the downstream concentrator.”

TOMRA’s XRT sorters have proved to be a sound investment that is delivering significant returns: “operating the sorting circuit has slightly increased our overall processing cost, but this is more than offset by the large increase in ROM throughput by 15 to 20%, and thus tin production, so the unit cost per ton of tin produced is reduced by almost 10%,” says Ben Wraith. They have shown to perform consistently, giving BMTJV the confidence in forecasting: “we’ve broken multiple production records in the last year in tin units, and this gives us confidence in what we can achieve, because the machine performs over and over again if you treat it right and if you prepare your feed correctly.”

TOMRA XRT success leads to upgrade decision In view of the results achieved with the two TOMRA XRT sorters, BMTJV decided to upgrade the ore sorting circuit with two new, recently launched XRT models with stainless steel internal parts, and advanced features such as the TOMRA ACT user interface and the TOMRA Insight cloud-based platform: “the decision to buy new machines was easy,” says Ben Wraith. “The stainless steel will assist prolonging the TOMRA sorter’s life by protecting the unit from our high-moisture and corrosive environment. The more ergonomic design will help our maintenance teams, which is particularly important for machinery operating in these harsh conditions.”

TOMRA-Bluestone

integrated circuit with the crushing and screening plant. Feed preparation is key to maintain a consistent performance – knowing how well you’re preparing your feed in a live fashion can only end up with a better result.”

TOMRA will also be able to log into the machine and check the daily reports generated by TOMRA Insight, so that their technical teams will be well prepared ahead of site visits for maintenance or optimization.

Gavin Rech, Technical Manager at TOMRA

Ben Wraith is particularly looking forward to TOMRA Insight: “It will enhance everybody’s understanding and experience of the machines. It will be more of an analytical platform for our metallurgy and maintenance staff, providing ample opportunity to gain valuable information that can be analyzed and optimized over time. The one feature I am personally interested in the particle size monitoring through the machines, which will enhance our overall circuit performance, because we have an

A close collaboration to achieve the best results Throughout the process, BMTJV worked closely with TOMRA. “TOMRA has been working with the site maintenance team to tailor solutions to our operating environment, which has been invaluable,” says Ben Wraith “TOMRA supported me through site visits, which included equipment inspections, sitebased training of our personnel, and an openness to continually improving the technology and fine tune it to our sitespecific requirements. They assisted the site with troubleshooting, optimization, discussing the nuts and bolts of the issues as they arose and finding a solution that works.”

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FEATURE

Workforce Training Solutions for Underground Mining in Greece

H

ellas Gold S.A. is the first mining company to deploy simulationbased training from Immersive Technologies in Greece, marking the 47th country where Immersive Technologies’ workforce training systems are deployed.

Immersive Technologies is known for providing rapid return on investment with a proven formula that combines “People + Process + Technology”.

Olympias mine, located in the Halkidiki Peninsula in northern Greece, an underground mine of gold, silver, lead and zinc, has been modernizing under the management of Eldorado Gold and its subsidiary, Hellas Gold S.A. This strategy

and adoption of new technologies improved production rates and efficiency during 2021. The implementation of Two Immersive Technologies’ IM360-B Advanced Equipment Simulators and blended learning products will improve operator performance and safety and enhance workforce development strategies.

In an effort to develop a highly skilled and dedicated workforce for the underground operation, the company has purchased simulator Conversion Kits for Sandvik Underground Loader (LHD), Underground Truck, Drill and Bolter. In addition, Professional Services from

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Immersive Technologies are in place to support the implementation of simulation products.

“It is an exciting time for mining in Greece. We are proud to support this region in delivering the safest and most experienced operators, resulting in a highly productive mine site,” says Johan Stemmet, Regional Vice President – EMEA & CIS at Immersive Technologies.

We continue to support All Makes All Models with new Conversion Kits® and Learning System developments for OEMs such as Caterpillar, Hitachi, Komatsu, Liebherr, Scania, Sandvik, P&H and others.

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FEATURE

Turnkey solutions for power plant demolition

F

rom the safe and controlled demolition of coal-fired boilers to product conveyors, steam turbines, transformers, silos, cooling towers and associated auxiliary equipment, and the removal of hazardous materials, Jet Demolition has extensive experience in power plant demolition and decontamination. “We offer our clients solutions that are economical, rapid, and risk-averse,” comments Junior Project Engineer Nontobeko Zwane.

main equipment used depends on the site conditions. This ranges from a onetonne skidsteer loader to a 102-tonne high-reach excavator, paired with the ideal demolition shear, grapple, hammer or bucket as required.

The main challenges posed by these type of demolition projects is accommodating

live services that might be compromised within the demolition works area and the associated structural elements that must remain undamaged. “This is where our proven experience in large-scale and technically-challenging projects speaks on our behalf,” highlights Zwane.

From mining facilities to the automotive, chemical, and pharmaceutical, petrochemical, power generation, and steel and glass industries, Jet Demolition has both the expertise and equipment to undertake complex heavy industrial demolition projects. “We provide turnkey value-add solutions to our clients that are not readily provided by any other service provider,” concludes Jet Demolition Director Joe Brinkmann.

Such projects often involve the removal of critically compromised structural steel structures and elements, recovery of undamaged client assets, and demolition of plant buildings and offices.

Jet Demolition also conducts cleanup operations that reduce hazardous contaminant levels on the demolished elements to recycle and reuse materials.

The timeframe of such scope of work relates to the project and client requirements. Demolition projects are highly mechanised to ensure the safety of personnel and other persons. The

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Tire Perfomance Tech DRIVE, LOAD, MOVE MORE and MOVE FURTHER

At Arsenal Tire Solutions we help our clients in the mining (underground and open pit), transportation, and construction to load more, move more, and move further with less tires. We do this with our Arsenal Cost-Effective Tires, the Tire Sensors by Telemetry , and Arsenal Liquid Powder guaranteeing a reduction in the cost of operation.

MINING. For the mining area, we offer a wide range of patterns for equipment with load capacities from 30 to 400+ metric.

TRANSPORTATION. On the transportation area, we handle tires with real high load capacity in addition to having extraordinary performance in the road, off-road, and mining hauling operations.

ARSENAL TIRES. Arsenal designs, imports and distributes affordable premium tires under our own brand with an extraordinary competitive quality in areas of underground transportation, construction, and mining sectors with the vision of reducing their total ownership tire cost for our customers.

TELEMETRY TIRE SENSORS. In addition, we have the most advanced fleet solution of telematic & real-time tire sensors where you will be able to monitor, from the operator's cabin as well as the office, the pressure, and temperature. This generates an organizational culture change and gives the power to maintain the right pressures at your convenience and increase mobile vehicle's uptime.

Benefits -More income -More productivity -More Security -More Safety -Less rip-offs -Less dead times -Less premature deaths

MINING TIMBER (Pty) Ltd OUR SERVICES We maintain a consistent and reliable supply of mine support elements to the mines. We do this through having control over all the inputs which makes this possible.

Our steel products are manufactured by NHR Manufacturing at our factory in Ga-Rankuwa at the highest quality standard. Our timber products are overseen from plantation, harvesting ,sawmill and transport of the end product to the mines.

At the mines we can provide mine yard management including stock control. We supervise the logistics of the mine support products from surface to underground.

This ensures that mines never lose blasts due to a shortage of the support materials that we supply Our after sales service includes support installation training underground and support effectiveness monitoring. A daily report is generated by each instructor which is circulated to the relevant officials for information and comment.

Research and Development forms part of our strategy. We are committed to continuously improve mine support products and systems striving to improve safety, costs, and productivity.

To summarise: Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

Mine Yard Management Support Installation Training Support Installation Effectiveness Monitoring and Data reporting Rock Engineering Services Research and Development Quality Assurance and Regular Testing of our products at accredited testing facilities

OUR PRODUCTS STEEL

TIMBER

OUR TEAM

- Pre-stress Pack plates - Cluster plates - Pre-stress pots (with or without hooks) - Pre-stress pump and hose assembly - Headboards complete with pre-stress units - Split sets – mild steel, galvanised or 3CR12 - Temporary support – Seiza Jacks

- Mats: Solid, end-grain, space etc.

- Pencil props, engineered props etc.

- Chocks, slabs, trims, squares - Dunnage, laggings - Gumplanks, Gate stalls, wedges - Hardwood sleepers - Charging sticks

Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

Raymond Botha – Chief Executive Officer -082 045 2095 Correll Kritzinger – Administration – 083 235 5997 Eric Scholtz – Rock Engineering - 083 455 9651 Tony Davidson – Sales – 072 785 3669 Shaun McConnachie – Sales – 082 553 4228 Kgomotso Mfulwane – Sales - 082 055 8125

MINING TIMBER (Pty) Ltd Combi - Plates

Spiral resin Bolt

Back Anchor Split Set

Sieza Jack

Expansion Friction Bolts

Headboard

Pre-Stressed Pack Plate

Safety Net

AGRULINE FITTINGS & PIPES RESISTANT TO CRACKS LONGER SERVICE LIFE crack resistant PE 100-RC HIGH ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY sandbed-free installation LASTING CONNECTIONS better welding results ONE STOP SHOPPING complete PE 100-RC piping system

agru Kunststofftechnik Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Ing.-Pesendorfer-Strasse 31 | 4540 Bad Hall, Austria | T +43 7258 7900 | sales@agru.at www.fmdrc-Zambia.com

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