LIST OF FIGURES

Epigraph

E1 Epigraph

Introduction

I.1 The Benefits of Early Childhood Education

Chapter 1

By the Numbers 1.1 The Preschool Brain: Neural Pathways

Under Construction 1.2 Thinking, Well-Being and Language 1.3 Top Ten 21st Century Competencies 1.4 Early Development Instrument (EDI)

Chapter 2

By the Numbers 2.1 Play Matters 2.2 Doctors Prescribe Play 2.3 Decrease in Play Results in Increase in

Mental and Physical Health Challenges 2.4 Continuum of Play-Based Learning 2.5 Early Learning Environments 2.6 21st Century Skills Children

Will Need to Succeed

Chapter 3

By the Numbers 3.1 A Good Start in Life 3.2 Inequality in Canada 3.3 Maternal Labour Force Participation by

Age of Youngest Child 3.4 A Child Care Tale of Two Cities 3.5 Pierre Fortin, Economist 3.6 Canada Does Not Fare Well Compared to

Other OECD Countries in Rates of Low

Wage Employment 3.7 The Compensatory Impact of ECE 3.8 Impact of ECE Participation at Secondary

School 3.9 ECE Addresses Special Education Needs (SEN) 3.10 Canada’s Public Education System is

Pulling Its Weight: The Equalizing Effect of Canada’s Schools 3.11 ECE Pays Big Dividends

Chapter 4

By the Numbers 4.1 Parental Benefits in Canada and Quebec (2019) 4.2 Federal Expenditures to Support Early

Childhood (2019) 4.2b Federal Investments in Early Learning and Child Care for Aboriginal

Communities 4.3 Enrolment in School-Operated ECE

Programs (2019) 4.4 Change in Number of Regulated Child

Care Spaces by Province/Territory 4.5 Early Childhood Education Report

Progress

Chapter 5

By the Numbers

Chapter 6

By the Numbers 6.1 Canada’s ECE Enrolment Rates Compared to Other OECD Countries 6.2 Spending Required by Province/

Territory for Canada to Reach OECD

Average ECE Enrolment of 70% for 0-5 Year Olds

Becoming A Capable Child

AJ1 A Child is a Capable Person AJ2 Similar Goals – Different Language,

Bridging Western and Indigenous Early

Learning Curricula AJ3 Shaping Influences of ‘A Capable Person’ AJ4 Educators, Researchers and Scholars

Have Used a Variety of Expressions in Discussing “A Capable Person”

Philosophy

Terms Used

ECE Programs Have Many Names