References

BBC Radio 4 Woman’s Hour (2019) Black Women are five times more likely to die in Childbirth than white women. MBBRACE-UK findings https://www.npeu.ox.ac.uk/mbrrace-uk/news/1834-npeu-news-black-women-arefive-times-more-likely-to-die-in-childbirth-than-white-women-why

P. Cooper (2019) Tackling Racial Harassment University Challenge. Equality and Human Right Commision. https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/tackling-racial-harassment-universities-challenged.pdf

N. Dissanayaka (2020) Racial disparity in mental health: challenging false narratives. Centre for Mental Health https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/racial-disparity-mental-health-challenging-false-narratives

EHRC (2019) Is Britain Fairer? The state of equality and human rights. Equality and Human Right Commision. https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/is-britain-fairer-accessible.pdf

IntergraED (2020) The disproportionality of fixed-term exclusions https://www.integrated.org.uk/2020/07/30/the-disproportionality-of-fixed-term-exclusions/

Haroon Chowdry Claire Crawford Lorraine Dearden Robert Joyce, Luke Sibieta Kathy Sylva Elizabeth Washbrook (2010) Poorer children’s educational attainment: how important are attitudes and behaviour? Joseph Rowntree Foundation. https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/poorer-children’s-educational-attainment-how-important-are-attitudes-and-behaviour

Lammy Review (2017) An independent review into the treatment of, and outcomes for, Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic individuals in the Criminal Justice System https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/643001/lammyreview-final-report.pdf

Magali Duque and Abigail McKnight (2019) ‘Understanding the Links Between Inequalities and Poverty (LIP)’ The London School of Economics. Joseph Rowntree Foundation https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337085190_Understanding_the_Links_between_Inequalities_and_Poverty_ LIP_Understanding_the_relationship_between_inequalities_and_poverty_a_review_of_dynamic_mechanisms

Mind for Better Mental Health (2020) Inequalities for Black Asian and Minority Ethnic Communities in NHS Mental Health Service in England. Mind https://www.mind.org.uk/media/6484/race-equality-briefing-final-oct-2020.pdf

Nancy Kelley, Omar Khan, Sarah Sharrock (2017) Racial Prejudice in Britain Today. Natcern Social Research https://natcen.ac.uk/media/1488132/racial-prejudice-report_v4.pdf

National Mental Health Unit (2010) Count me in 2010. Care Quality Commission Count

NHS (2010) Race: Evidence of health inequalities affecting black and minority ethnic people https://www.bdct.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Race.pdf

O. Khan (2020) ‘The Colour of Money’ Runnymede. https://www.runnymedetrust.org/uploads/publications/pdfs/2020%20reports/The%20Colour%20of%20Money%20Report.pdf

Public Health England, (2020) ‘Disparities in the Risks and Outcomes for Covid-19’. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/908434/ Disparities_in_the_risk_and_outcomes_of_COVID_August_2020_update.pdf

The Bradley Commission (2013) Black and Minority Ethnic communities, mental health and criminal justice Centre for Mental Health https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/2018-09/Bradley_Commission_briefing1_BME.pdf

YMCA (2020) “Young and Black Experience of institutional Racism” YMCA England and Wales. https://www.ymca.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/ymca-young-and-black.pdf

Zubaida Haque, Laia Becars and Nick Treoar (2020) ‘Over Exposed and Under Protected’. Runneymede https://www.runnymedetrust.org/uploads/Runnymede%20Covid19%20Survey%20report%20v3.pdf

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the following teams for all their contributions to this report. It is through sheer commitment, determination and generosity that we were able to gather expert information that will bring real change to the culturally diverse communities in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire and beyond. Furthermore, we would like to give special gratitude to Cheltenham Borough Council for their support in making this conference possible.

Eberechi Ukandu

Jermaine Ravalier Maureen George Mary Mackie Natalie Genes

Nabeela Akhtar Tabitha Joy Florence Nyasamo-Thomas

The term Black Asian and Ethnic Minority (BAME) has had a lot of focus in the media recently and became prominent due to the fatality suffered by many people from culturally diverse communities because of tCOVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter movement protest events. In our report we have used the word BAME because many of the research papers we have referred to have use this term. However, our preferred terms are Culturally Diverse Communities or Ethnically Diverse Communities.

INEQUALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH RACE

ARE ENDEMIC IN UK SOCIETY, ACROSS INCOME, EDUCATION, WORK, HEALTH, AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE. PUBLIC DEBATE OFTEN FOCUSES ON EXTREME OR OVERT FORMS OF RACISM EXPRESSED BY INDIVIDUALS, SUCH

AS HATE CRIMES, OR THE MORE DISTANT, IMPERSONAL CONCEPT OF INSTITUTIONAL

RACISM. IN THIS CONTEXT, IT IS PERHAPS

IMPORTANT ALSO TO CONSIDER THAT

THE CULTURES AND PRACTICES OF OUR

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS ARE

MADE BY INDIVIDUAL PEOPLE, AND THAT

EVEN SUBTLE PREJUDICES CAN LEAD TO

SIGNIFICANT INEQUALITIES

(N.KELLY, O. KHAN, S.SHARROCK, 2017:12)

e G Ö ú info@livesofcolour.co.uk www.livesofcolour.couk

© Lives of Colour 2020 Nowans Community Trust 1137971. Published November 2020