MAY 2013
MAGA ZINE FOR S TUDENTS OF ENGLISH / LE VEL A 2– B1
T H R O U G H
Y O U R
E N G L I S H
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TEENAGE
PREGNANCY Mum at the age of 15
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MAGA ZINE FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH / LE VEL A2– B1
T H R O U G H
Y O U R
E N G L I S H
Vážený čtenáři, přinášíme Vám Drive, první “lifestylový” časopis v jednoduché, živé angličtině od rodilých mluvčích. Najdete v něm zajímavé, aktuální články, témata k diskuzi a krátké povídky. S naším unikátním časopisem si kupujete nejen moderní doplněk pro studium angličtiny a zábavné čtení, ale i možnost zlepšení a rozšíření svých znalostí pomocí mnoha cvičení na našich webových stránkách. Přejeme si, abyste při čtení časopisu Drive měli takovou radost jako my a celý náš tým, když jej tvoříme.
Mgr. Pavla Štanclová ředitelka redakce
Mgr. Gabriela Sýkorová šéfredaktorka
Our motto for May 2013:
“There is time for work. And time for love. That leaves no other time.“ (Coco Chanel )
DON ’ T MISS IN THIS ISSUE : PROFESSION
T R AV E L L I N G
T R U E S TO RY
8
14
Romantic Dinner
Get a Bird‘s Eye View
Read about a date David will never forget.
After reading this, you might start going Via Ferratas.
16 Chicago Chef: “I’m living my dream” Interview with a burger specialist.
Časopis Drive vychází měsíčně září–červen. Předplatné: 39 Kč / Pro školy od 25 Kč Více informací a objednávky: www.gradus.cz +420 608 539 129 objednavky.drive@gradus.cz K zakoupení v Oxford Bookshop v Praze, Plzni, Brně, Olomouci a Ostravě. Elektronická verze na www.publero.com.
Web task This icon means extra exercises on our website at www.drive.gradus.cz.
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DIFFICULTY
OPINION POLL
First Time: Too Late or Too Early? On pages 4–5, we speak about the problem of teenage pregnancy.* Do you think people start with sex too early? We asked our readers about their experiences. Ingrid, 62
Munich, Germany
Huan, 19
Nanjing, China
I first had sexual intercourse1 when I was 18 and a half. My boyfriend was 19 and we got married very soon after. I think we were old enough to have sex, but not to get married. We didn’t have a happy marriage and got divorced 10 years later.
I started two weeks ago! I met my girlfriend last summer and we love each other very much. She is 19, too. But we can’t tell our parents because they would think we’re too young for love.
Average2 age at first sex in Germany: 17.6
Average age at first sex in China: 22.1
Petr, 30
Prague, Czech Republic
Amy, 25
Bristol, Great Britain
I had my first sex when I was 25. It was too late. I couldn’t find a girlfriend and I was very unhappy. But now I’m happily married and have a wonderful 2-year-old daughter.
I went out with Jeff for four months before we did it. I was 17 and he was nearly 18. I was frightened of becoming pregnant* because I was too young and I was studying at secondary school.
Average age at first sex in the CR: 17.2
Average age at first sex in the UK: 18.3
Nia, 41
Madison, Wisconsin, USA I started dating Trevon, my present husband, when I was 16. But we aren’t allowed3 to have sex before the age of 18 in Wisconsin, so we waited and had our first sexual intercourse on my 18th birthday. It was a great celebration! Average age at first sex in the USA: 18
D ID YO U K N OW ? In 2009, Durex, the maker of condoms, did a Global Sex Survey. They asked people from 44 countries when they first had sex. The survey4 showed that people have sex for the first time at an average age of 18.4. The oldest “sexual beginners” are in Malaysia, aged 23, and the youngest are in Iceland, aged 15.6.
VOCABULARY
sexual intercourse [ˈseksjʊəl ˈɪntəˌkɔːs] – pohlavní styk 2 average [ˈævrɪdʒ] – průměrný 3 to be allowed [əˈlaʊd] – mít dovoleno 4 survey [sɜ:rveɪ] – průzkum 1
LANGUAGE NOTE *p regnancy [ˈpregnənsɪ], pregnant [ˈpregnənt] – těhotenství, těhotná
drive / May 2013 | 3
H E A LTH
DIFFICULTY
Too Young for Love
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
We say “too young for love”, but in fact we mean “too young for sex”. Young people often become sexually active in their early teens. If you think there is no risk, you might be wrong. / RYAN KELLEY (USA)
There are many young people called “mommy”* and “daddy” before they graduate.1 The number of teen pregnancies in industrialized countries is rising.2 The United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy** in the western world, and it’s becoming quite a serious issue.3
Teen pregnancy is a social problem According to many studies, teen parents are less likely4 to finish high school, and they have lower chances of getting a well-paid job. They usually don’t form two-parent families. Most teenage parents stay single for a long time. Children of teen parents are three times more likely to become teen parents themselves.
Being a parent Teenage parents usually think that it’s going to be much easier than it is. To start a family is extremely difficult for teenagers who aren’t ready yet – physically, financially, or emotionally. They have their own dreams about their future lives and careers, and it isn’t easy to give them up. Most teenagers aren’t married, and still live with their own families. The families often help teenage parents, but not always. The less lucky teens need support5 from the government.6
Unplanned teen pregnancy Over 80% of teen pregnancy is unexpected.7 Why does it happen so often? The answer is that some teens don’t protect themselves properly when having sex; they don’t take contraception,8 or use it incorrectly. 4 | Health
T RUE STO RY
Birth control education The guaranteed solution for teens to avoid unexpected pregnancy is sexual abstinence until they graduate. Of course, that’s not very realistic. In that case, sex education is the best answer. Teenagers should know exactly why and how to use birth control, and also where to get it. There are many school programs and health and social campaigns that try to educate young people. However, the best education starts at home; unfortunately, in many families sex is still taboo.
I ’ M A T E E N MOM *
Numbers In many countries, about 25% of the population starts to have sex before they are 15. What is the average age? Well, these numbers change every year. In the UK the average age to have sex for the first time was 21 in 1950; now, in 2013, it’s about 18.
Average age at first sex by country: COUNTRY
AGE
COUNTRY
AGE
The Czech Republic
17.2
The USA
18
Mexico
18.7
France
18.5
Brazil
17.4
Germany
17.6
Russia
18.7
Sweden
16.5
(The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction, USA)
VOCABULARY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
to graduate [grædjʊˈət] – skončit školu, maturovat to rise [raɪz] – stoupat
issue [ˈɪʃjuː] – záležitost
likely [ˈlaɪklɪ] – pravděpodobně support [səˈpɔːt] – podpora
When I was 15, I got pregnant**. It was the first time I had sex, just my luck. I never thought I would be pregnant at such a young age. I had really big dreams and I loved playing volleyball. All my teachers and schoolmates were completely shocked. When my parents found out about it, they kicked me out of the house. I went to a women's shelter.9 I felt like I was completely alone, which I was. The father of my child left me. He told me that there was no way that my baby was his because he had used a condom. I got a job and lived on my own with the help of a program for teenage mothers. I knew there were other options: abortion10 or adoption. I don’t agree with abortion. I thought about adoption a lot, but I couldn’t picture myself handing my baby over to someone else. Three years later I'm happy to have my little girl. I have a job and I'm attending night classes at the local college. Sometimes it’s hard, but I know I can make it through. Helen, USA
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Teen pregnancy in numbers
1. E ight out of ten teen dads don’t marry the mother of their child. 2. I n the USA, about 750,000 teen girls become pregnant each year. 3. O nly about 2% of teenage moms ever get a higher education degree.
government [ˈgʌvəmənt] – vláda
unexpected [ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd] – nečekané
contraception [ˌkɒntrəˈsepʃən] – antikoncepce shelter [ˈʃeltə] – útulek
10
abortion [əˈbɔːʃən] – přerušení těhotenství
Web task
LANGUAGE NOTE * Mom, mommy (Am.E.) X Mum, mummy (Br.E.) ** pregnancy (noun), pregnant (adjective)
drive / May 2013 | 5
ECONOMY
DIFFICULTY
Gold is found as veins in rock, as small grains or larger nuggets. Then it is made into bars, coins or jewellery.
Gold Today THE BEST TIME TO SELL THE FAMILY GOLD IS OVER Since the beginning of civilization, people have mined1 stone to produce tools and weapons. These days, we mine all kinds of materials from the depth of the Earth. Some of these materials are essential2 for business. / ALASTAIR S. EDWARDS (UK)
The world’s business is closely connected with the price of commodities. Commodities are goods sold on global markets. Their price is the same everywhere. Soft commodities are goods that are grown, for example coffee, wheat,3 sugar and rice. Hard commodities are mined out of the earth: crude oil,4 platinum, iron ore5 and gold.
sold today for pleasure, collecting or investment. In the world’s markets gold, is sold as gold bars. The most important place for setting prices6 is London. Five members of The London Gold Market Fixing Ltd. set the global price of gold twice each business day at 10 am (5 am in New York) and 3 pm (10 am in New York).
Gold is historically the most important hard commodity. It is chemically very stable, rare and expensive, so it quickly became a means of payment. But gold coins are only
The price of gold is set in USD per troy ounce (31.1g). All people in the gold business know this, so they simply call it “ounce”.
Price of gold 1995–2013
Gold in numbers
• 90% of today’s gold reserves were mined in 1848 in California, during the famous Gold Rush.8 • Gold is a very heavy metal. The edge of a cube weighing 1 ton is only 37.27 cm long. • The world consumption of new gold produced is about 50% in jewellery, 40% in investments and 10% in industry (especially medicine and electronics).
1 ounce = 28.23 g 1 troy ounce = 31.1 g
(USD per ounce)
VOCABULARY
to mine [maɪn] – dolovat, těžit essential [ɪˈsenʃəl] – nutný, nezbytný 3 wheat [wiːt] – pšenice 4 crude oil [kruːd ɔɪl] – surová ropa 5 iron ore [ˈaɪən ɔː] – železná ruda 6 to set prices [set] – stanovit ceny 7 to rise [raɪz] – zvýšit, růst 8 Gold Rush [rʌʃ] – zlatá horečka 1
2013
2011
2012
2010
2009
2007
2008
2006
2005
2004
2003
2001
2002
2000
1999
1997
1998
1996
1995
1994
2
1993
2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200
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As seen from the graph, from 2001 to 2011, the price of gold rose7 dramatically from 300 USD/oz to 1800 USD/oz. Since then, the price has been going down, below 1600 USD/oz in April 2013. 6 | Economy
Web task