The Correspondent, June 1988

I

JUNE I988

These issues having been sold, thß announcemenl aPPears as a malter of record only.

THE CHINESE WORLD'S FIRST INDEPENDENT IWEEKLY NEWSMACAZINE

f)aimler-Berz

Dominion Securities

GERMANY

CANADA

YazhouZhoukan has achieved its first-year worldwide rate base and

Garuda

Guangzhou Group

INDONESIA

MAINLAND CHINA

at the age of 16 weeks had well over

100,000 readers* in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore.

JAPAN

Floliday Inn

flongkongBank

USA

HONG KONG

Flypo Bank

Johnnie Walker

Konica

GERMANY

SCOTLAND

JAPAN

PublLshed by

TE¡llIIET'IäFE,}EI (Asiaweek Lim¡ted) HONG KONG

Korean Air

Lucien Rochat

KOREA

SWITZERLAND

Time lnc.

USA

FRANCE

Company.

The editors

to

the

Mild Seven

Martell

Marlboro

A

Mitsubishi Motors

of Yazhou Zhoukan extend thanks ( and congratulations )

Montagut FRANCE

following for sharing their vision of a global newsweekly that's now making publishing history.

American Express

Alcatel

Agfa

BELGIUM

GERMANY

AST Research HONG KONG

A.T. Cross

Audemars Piguet

U S.A

SWITZERT.AND

BAT

Baume & Mercier

BN/TW

SWITZERLAND

GERMANY

HONG KONG

Brown & Williamson U.S

SWITZERLAND

Overseas Trust Bank

RaymondWeil

HONG KONG

SWIÍZERLAND

RemyMartin

Rolex

Rothmans

SWITZERLAND

UK

Samsung Group

SKF

Shanghai Group MAINLAND CHINA

KOREA

A

Pacific Chase ManhattanBank Cathay roruc

Cheung Kong

Omega

SCOTLAND

UK

SCOTLAND

Camus

OldPan

SWITZERLAND

USA

Bank of America

Ballantines

Movado

Thai

Thomas Cook

Tianjin Group

THAILAND

UK

MAINLAND CHINA

u s'A

HoÑc

Cittzen JAPAN

Corum SWITZERLAND

Toshiba JAPAN

Unisys

Victoria Cúy

Volvo

USA

HONG KONG

SWEDEN

*Based on 3 readers per copy (March '88). Yazhou Zhoukan@ was launched on December been exceeded in Hong Kong and Southeast Asia alone.

4,

1987 with a 1988 worldwide rate base ol- 38.000. That base has now @1988 Asiaweek Limited

JUNE 1988 VOLUME 1 NTJMBER 8

THE

CORRESPONIIENT CONTENTS Letters

6

the younger generation of Singaporeans the opportunity to lead the nation, says the former Singaporepresident, Devan Nair, who was forced

TheZoo

6

to step down four years ago.

T7

New Board of Governors takes

officel9

Ten members of the 1987-88 Board of Govemors were reelected fo¡ a new term. They, together with seven newly elected govemors, took office at the annual general meeting last month.

7

ReportingAustralia

InmemoryofAnnHughes

Russell Spurr, a long time resident of Hong Kong who now lives in Australia, discusses the problems joumalists coverin g the Australian federal capital encounter. Canberra, he says, is a crashing bore.

19

Ann Hughes, wife of His Grace, the doyen of the foreign correspondents corps, the late Richa¡d Hughes, died in Perth on Sunday, April 10, following a ¡oad accident. Friends ofAnn and Dick gathered at the FCC on May 12 for a remembrance luncheon aftera memo¡ial service at St. Joseph's Catholic Church, GardenRoad.

I

Cover Story\Special Report The pace ofchange in camera technology and the development of offset printing have given a new dimension to the use ofphotographs in newspapers and magazinis

ofdaily events to far-flung readers. Vemon Ram surveys the development of photojournalism in an eight-page report. to bring the reality

People

20

Stop Press

)J

Crossword

26

Club News The kindest thingLee KuanYew, the Singapore prime minister, can do is to step down and give

- Derek Davies, F¡rst Vice-President - S¡nan Fisek, Second Vice.President - lrene O'Shea Correspondent Member Governors - Paul Bayfield, James Fotrester, Brìan Jeflr¡es, Grahâm Lovell, Keith Miller, Robìn Moyer, Peter Sejdlitz, Richard Vy'agner, Journalist Member Governors - Bob Davis, Karl Wilson Associate Member Covernors - Ken Ball. Wendy Hughes, F C C Schokking, Tjm Williams BOARD OF GOVERNORS: Pres¡dent

Editor P viswa Nathan Editor¡al Supervision Publications Sub committee: Paul Bayfield (Chaiman) Ken Ball Jämes

FoÍester

FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS' CLUB Nofth Block 2 Lower Albert Road Hong Kong Telephone:5-21 l5 I 1 Fax:5-8684092

Peter Seidlitz, Sinan

Fisek

Entertainment Comm¡ttee - Irene O'Shca. Petcr Seidlitz. Paul

Bâyfield, RichardWagner,BobDavies MembershipComm¡ttee-GrahamLovell, Brian Jeffries Technical Committee - Paul Bayfreld, Keith Miller, Ken Ball, Robin Moyer, F C C, Shokking

EditorialOffice THF]

COMMITTEES: ProfessionalComm¡ttee-DerekDavies,PaulBayfield.Wendy Hughes,

601 Fu House ? Ice House SLreel Central, HonS Kong Telephone: 5-237 I 2 I

Club Manager: Heinz Crabner, Club Steward: Julia Suen The Corcspondenl is publishcd monthly for and on The Foreign Corespondents' Club, by:

Fax:5-8453556

behalfof

Pr¡ntline Ltd 60 I Fu House, 7 lce House SLreet, Central, Hong

O The Corespondent

Telephone: 5-237 l2

Opinions expressed by writers are not necessarily those of the Fo¡eign

Corespondcnts'CIub

Kong

l, 5-255579 Fax: 5-8453556

Manag¡ng D¡¡ecaor: P viswa Nathan, Operations D¡rector: Debbic Nunall, Advert¡s¡ng Manager: Johanna Peat Pr¡nted by Jeremy Printing Press, C/F, 35 Yiu \iVah Stregt, \¡y'anchai, Hong Kong

4

THE CORRESPONDENT JUNE

1988

'. i" i .'¡' ål* A testing moment it was. The little girl was happily nibbling at an WHEN MAN'S BEST icecream cone with her father by her side. Then suddenly, a doberFRIEND TURNED man jumped towards her snarling and with a will to kill. Luckily for the girl, her father quickly came to her rescue and the dog was restrained by its owner. For the newsphotographer, it was a classic case of capturing the decisive moment and freezing it on celluloid. phoro: Samsoncheung,Honskong Srandard.

E,-8"<,

-i'

WILD

(See Special Report, P,8-16)

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 5

I

LETTERS

R E P OR T

EY ARTHUR HACKER

THE 7OO

RUSSELL SPURR

Pretty girls, ugly names

for other

AR-ToP

o

VÞLI9HING

Canberra, a

o

o

to give all Thai girls nicknames at birth to ward off evil sPirits.

The more beautiful the girl, the uglier or more meaningless the name so that no devil is interested in her. Hence the examples quoted Da:doll, On:soft,

o

Where evasion is an art, traffic lights form Saturday night's major attraction, and a corespondent fights for life in the federal capital of Australia.

Nok:bird, Pom:round, Deng:red, Ut:meaningless. The most gorgeousThai girl I know is named Moo:pig! The true first names are polysyllabic and

often given upto ayearafter birth by which time the nickname has become too well established to be replaced.

Pom ("blessed") is shortform part of a polysyllabic true name

(e.g. Somporn), so she obviously didn't think Khun Mike was foreign devil!

Malcolm Stone

Position clarified CONGRATULATIONS on Your detailed and comprehensive re-

port on the region's travel industry and travel publications (C May'88).

Although coverage ofthe activities of Trav el Business Ana/ysl was correct (and aPPreciated), there was a slight misreadI ing of my personal situation

well understand the reasons. l'..t Y

*---W¿.

q t¡¡

\ \{ u

I ceased to be editor-inchief of Business Traveller in October 1987. Travel Busines.s Analyst has a contractual arrangement with Interasia Publications (publishers of Asla Travel Trade and Business Traveller) to provide a monthly column for the two magazines.

But, despite the fact that my name and title have not been removed -from the Basi¿ess Traveller masrhead, I have no other role or responsibility with either of the Interasia publications.

Hope this clears up any confusion.

Also, although I don't wish

The style debate

to sound pedantic, my comment suggesting airlines should reduce advertising was intended only to illustfate culrent market

BRIAN Neil is a proofreader and freelance PR consultant and may be allowed a certain lack of stylistic incisiveness where his own pen is concemed. (Why Hong Kong lacks style; C,

reality.

For instance,

number of airlines in the region are growing this year at rates of around l5 per cent. Yet they cannot add that number of a

May'88).

What galls is to have his unctuous explanation of the perfectly sÍaightforward "petard" image in Hamlet and then find that the man is barely acquainted with the passage himself.

so there must be a continued squeeze. seats

crashing bore

quøø,5i¡1y"v)ev

dç

o

-

Presumably, advertising will increase the numbers

travelling.

Murray Bailey

Jane

Morrell

CL-WinfullLaing & Cruicl<shqnk Searities Ltd

oU MIGHTTHINK it's dead easy covering Canberra. The Australian federal capital represents, in microcosm. a marvellously open society. Instant media access seems guaranteed. Press leaks are a way of life. Joumalists bask in a measure of public esteem.

Covering a story of any shape o¡ size in such propitious circumstances should be a piece of cake. But cake it is not for peculiarly domestic reasons.

The main problem is that few foreign correspondents actually live in Canberra. The

Private client and Institutional stockbroking rgol-1902, NEW WORLD TOWER' 16-18

QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL' HONG KONG

TEL:

A MEMBER OFTTIE

6

THE CORRESPONDENT JUNE

TELEX: 1988

81678

5-257361 (10 LINES) 5-8780189

WLCS HX FAX:

minute flight. The arrangement works particularly well for bureau chiefs of the big wire services. They have sub-offices of their own in Canberra and most of them are Australian anyway.

Being Australian undoubtedly helps. It may be a mighty big continent but its popula-

tion (around l6 million) would fit, uncomfortably, into Greater Shanghai. Professional circles tend to be small and incestuous. Members of the media belong to an elite club where everybody knows everybody else. That opens lots of doors.

town is far too isolated; an over-expanded bamyard.

Canberra appears, at first glance, the answer to a town planner's prayer a tasteful

amalgam of manicured lawns,- under-employed boulevards and artfully located constructions centred on an artificial lake. B ut it's heavily seeded with listless bureaucrats and an equally enervating diplomatic corps.

THE SLOW LANE: Foreigners who arrive without much organisational back-up find it takes years to build the necessary network of contacts. But that means living in Canberra in isolation from the real Australia the great urban centres of finance, industry-and culture which generate most of the news despatched abroad.

Canberra greets visiting correspondents PARISH-PUMP POLITICS: Nothing suggests a throbbing fulcrum of world power. The political scene is Lilliputian. Rent-a-mob puts in ritual appearances, dumping cow dung over the Parliament steps or smashing windows in the South African embassy. Otherwise Canberra is one crashing bore.

A magnificent National Press Club stands empty most of the year, the bar inhabited by habitues of the half-dozen poker machines.

Anyone looking for kicks on a Saturday night,

according to the aficionados, should loiter

CREDTT LYONNAIS GROUP

world. The same cannot be said in Canberra. The most common headache for correspondents is ger ting anyone to speak to at all. Dropping in the Western

SO MUCH FOR

MIKE Smith in Pat Pong Pom(C, May '88) is, perhaPs, unfamiliar with the Thai custom

can

ING AUSTRALIA

beside Commonwealth Avenue watching the traffic lights change.

Correspondents aren't the only ones to prefer the bright lights of the coastal cities. The

staff of the Australian intelligence service, ASIO, has been drastically reduced by a recent govemment decision to move its operational headciu arters from Melboume.

So appalling was the prospect of living in Canberra thatASIO's trusted agents, sworn to defend the Australian way of life, resigned from theirjobs in droves. Foreign correspondents mostly opt for Sydney. They commute to the capital whenever a story merits the 35-

with a mixture of curiosity and suspicion.

Officials who might welcome a spread in the Melbourne Ag¿ are not necessarily convinced that overseas media coverage has much intrinsic value. The greatAustralian isolation (and the "what's in it for me?" approach) tends to

foster parochialism.

For example: I had no problem getting an

interview with Bob Hawke last year for American Broadcasting (ABC). The prime minister was about to visit Washington. But when some vene¡able journalist came swanning in from London a few months later requesting an audience, he got short shrift.

TOUGH TALK: Hawkie can be a trifle testy these days some say it's his booze-free diet - been known, on occasion, to slap and he has -down the most prestigious Australian inter-

viewers. But the unfortunate visitor from London was practically blown out of his chair.

He had better bugger off and do his bloody homework, the prime minister told him, before asking any more damn-fool questions.

The prime minister is more readily available, for what it's worth, than many leaders in

notables

from out oftown withoutbureau or an old-boy network, hoping to find a friendly spokesperson, is vastly frustrating.

MALINGERING: Blame is usually laid on a brainchild of the formerWhitlam regime. It is known as "flexi-time". Civil servants are permitted to arrange the working day to suit their own convenience, coming in earlier or later and taking time off as the system permits.

Add to this an entitlement of at least four weeks paid leave a year, plus anything from 10

to

21 days

sick leave, taken religiously at

onset of the slightest headache, and it's not really surprising that the people you expect to contact never seem to be at their desks.

Not too long ago in Canberra, I tried to check something out with one particular ministry. I had not taken the standard precaution of checking two weeks in advance to make sure someone would be there. But this was a simple query requiring a simple an-

:i:11-a

The press department, some 20 strong, was

staffed only by typists. The chief of public relations was away on tour. Predictable enough, anyone who is anyone in Canberra tries to get out of the place at least once a month. His deputy was absent on sick leave.

The two sub-deputies were simply "unavailable". Asecretary offered to call me back. The rest was silence.

EVASION: An answer is not always forthcoming even when a spokesperson is pinned down. Evasion is the highest art in Canberra.

A typical example was quoted in the Sydney Morning Herald of November 20, last year.

A Herald reporter was fascinated to learn that some of the Royal Australian Air Force's planes were to be serviced, as an economy

Air New Zealand. Why? The Department o[ Defence was regrettably unable to comment "on a political matter".

The minister for defence, science and personnel, Ros Kelly, told the reporter such things were outside her jurisdiction. She referred the inquiry to the higher aurhority, Defence Minister Kim Beazley.

But the minister's office felt something of this nature was not really political. The reporter was directed back to the Department of Defence, by which time it was past 5 p.m. and nobody was answering the phone.

Enemies of Aust¡alia may count on complete surprise, the paper concluded, provided they attack late in the aftemoon on Friday. measure, by

-

j ournalis

e I I Spu rr, t, t e lev i sion i n te r viewe r a nd aut hor, was a Hong Kong residentfor many yeqrs. He now lives in

R u ss

Sydney

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 7

IAL REPORT

News

photography a powerful

medium Photographs account for only a small part of the editorial content in news media. But whetherth.y depict violence and agony or glory and ecstasy, news photos convey, more convincingly than any other form of communication, the reality of the event. is the self-explanatory title ol'an arresting, and informative, photo-feature in the newsmagazine, YEWITNESS

Asiaweek.

Eyewitness also happens to be the title of a Penguinpublicationwrittenin 1981

by Harold Evans, the award-winning former editor of Sunday Times and,, subsequently,

Above: Eye-to-eye, Chan Kiu, SouthChina Morning Post,1988

Extreme lelt: A moment of triumph. The picture won honourable mention at the Canon International Photo Competition Samson Cheung, Hongkong Standard

Phoro:

Left centre: Sun bathing at

Chater Garden, 'l'

it I

t/ :'ìi

$ :i.

¿

å 'a

P.Y.Tang, South Chína Morning Post.

Lel. Two pilots of Taiwan's China Airlines arrive in Hong Kong's Kaitak airport after their plane was forced to divert and land in mainland China.pnoto: Patrick Lo, HongKong Standard

TheTimes. Itwas issuedas acommemorative volume to mark the 25th anniversary of the World P¡ess Photo Holland Foundation. The Amsterdam-based non-profit organisation was founded in 1956, when threephotographers Ben van Meerendonk Sr., Kees

Scherer -and Bram Wisman

expanded

Holland's national competition -for the Press Photo of The Year into an intemational one.

In the words of its president, Joop Swart, the Vy'orld Press Photo Holland Foundation remains an idealistic organisation, created by press photographers for press photographers, independent and unaffected by the political blocs of a divided world.

Said Swart: "It is the aim of the foundation to invoke and promote worldwide interest in press photography as animportant meansof

furtheringintemational understanding. It tries to achieve thisbyorganisingthe annual contest, the exhibitions, symposia and confe¡ences relating to press photography."

The highest and most coveted award conferred by the foundation is called Eye,

often referred

to as the

Oscar

of

press

photography.

LASTING IMPRESSION: Harold Evans, who has been on the.jury of the World Press Photo

T

8 THE CORRESPONDENTJUNE

1988

,l

il il

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 9

SPEC A

L

REPORT

competitions on several occasions, is eagle-eyed editor whose own pictorial

an se-

lections reflected the sharpness of his mental

¡etina. "It is," Evans says matter-of-factly, "very curious. Each photograph is only a small, flat series of tones from black to white.

Its depth is an illusion. its animation symbolic. Yet, it has this mysterious richness transcending all its limitations so that our impressions of major and complex events may be permanently fashioned by a single news photograph.

"The photograph's power lies in the unique quality epitomised by Marvin Krone that it preserves forever a finite fraction of

-the infinite time of the universe.

It is no acci-

dent that one of the most effective techniques in the supposedly competitive media of tele-

by Malcolm Browne of a monk setting himself alight in a street in Saigon to protest at the alleged persecution of Buddhists by the Vietnamese Government.

Recalling that episode, Evans said: "The editor of The New York Times simply did not think the picture of the buming monk was fit for the breakfast tables of Americans.

'When the American Society of Newspaper Editors asked editors a¡ound the country what they thought ofthat decision, the edi¡or of The Syracuse said an editor who would not use that picture would not have a run on the Cru-

"There is no justification for photographing the corpse of Lee Harvey Oswald, crudely stitched up again on the pathologist's post-mortem table, and only the National In-

cifixion.

"Today it does seem a curious decision, yetit has to berecognised that pictureslike this do distress and do require justificaion, and that there is a danger that a daily diet of

prompts in parallel a whole set of questions.

quirer drdthat.

"But equally, it is right to take and print thephotograph of the police chief executing a prisoner in a Saigon street: the most important gunshot of the Vietnam war, not because it was heard round the world but because it was seen.

"The shock from the content of that photograph is so considerable that it Photojournalism, much more than written journalism, is bound to be random; it requires a man with a camera to be on the scene at the tinrc. irncl to be able to record the news moA.p.photo ment. That ispartoftheexcitement of photojourna-

lism, the sense of being there; it is also a liability.

Most

of the

photographs

which decorated the pages

of

newspapers

from

the

Spanish Civil War were faked: as much as 90 per

cent of the Abyssinian

photo-coverage, as Hebert

Mathews estimated, was

staged byphotographers kept away from the front.

"Vietnam was the most authentically photographed land thereby perhaps the most controversial) war ol all time, but it

ll

was all from one

side.

While the Americans ex posed themselves the

to

camera, few correspondents, let aÌone photographers. were allowed to visit areas controlled by North Vietnam."

vision and the cinema is to freeze a frame of the movingsequence. Life itselfseemstobe suspended, and we find it easier to absorb and recall this isolated moment than a succession of images."

While acknowledging the unsurpassed of the photojoumalist to the print and electronic media, Evans is blind to the anxieties raised by photojournalism' "There are several areas of debate: the effects of portraying violence, the capacity of

contribution

emotion for analysis and the claims ofconscience on a photographer." a single image to substitute

A CURIOUS DECISION: The classic case, in his view, was thedecision of The New York Timesnotto publish, in 1965, thephotograph

IO THE CORRESPONDENTJUNE

1988

ever more extreme brutality will atrophy our sense of outrage. It is no secret that this is something which has often concemed World Press Photo jurors from the Soviet Union and Eastem Europe."

THREE CONSIDERATIONS: "Violence is the leitmotif of the era, but for any single photograph, three tests suggest themselves: Is the event portrayed of such social or historic significance thatthe shock of the vieweris justified? Is the violent detail necessary for a proper understanding of the event? Is it necessary for corroboration? These tests exclude much gratuitous offence. The¡e is no justification for reproducing the severed head of Jayne Mansfield killed in a road crash and no editor did so.

Cameras, films and professionals

CONVINCING: On the plus side Evans ungrudgingly concedes that photojournalism goes beyond the limits of imagination. "Itmakes the unbelievablebelievable.

George Rodger, William Vandivert, Johnny Florea and Margaret Bourke-White and others showed us in 1945, by indeliblephotographs, what it meant to be a Jew in Auschwitz and Dachau. Until then, reports about Hilter's death camps were only half believed and

even today, such was the enormity of the crimes, we need photographs to convince us that, yes, it really did happen."

The last word on photojoumalism belongs to Philip Jones Griffiths, reckoned to be one of the most compassionate of the vietnam war photographers. "We cannot help feeling involved. We have to steel ourselves.

Ourjobisto record it all forhistory."

The world of photography is changing rapidly with new innovations coming on the market in quick succession.

OU WANT TO SPOT

a genuine,

seri-

ous, no-fooling photographer?

He¡e's a hint: look in his or her

fridge. There,

nestling between the halfeaten passion fruit yoghurt and leftover pizza, will be two or three boxes of colour-slide film.

These days, your true professional leaves nothing to chance, and that includes the precise temperature of the emulsion coating on his unexposed film.

Except for newspaper photographers, whosemedium of displayconfines them to using black-and-white prlnts, most photojoumalists use colour-slide film although much of it is in forms and sizes unfamiliar to the average hotiday snapper.

Of course the first thing that distinguishes a se¡ious camera-man

If

is his camera.

you want to produce top-quality photo-

graphs, but know it will never be more than a hobby, you are likely to be satisfied with one

of the new 35mm autofocus cameras produced by all the major manufacturers. But not for the profession.al, except, perhaps, as a spare for his day off. "lt's very rare to see a professional with an autofocus," says a Hong Kong photographer. "Themarkof aprofessional is the versatility of the range of equipment he can control these are

cost a little more than ordinary films, so it is worth amateurs trying them out.

Ordinary film used for snaps is normally in the ASA 100 family, for sunny days, or ASA 400, for gloomier weather.

,"",Jål!î makesapoi

"::,:* efilm

whenever he can, in spite of the special difficulties he faces getting it processed.

Since there is no processing facility for Kodachrome in Hong Kong, it has to be sent to Japan

orAustralia. This can take between

a

week and a month, depending on the lab you use.

"If the client has got the time, then it's worth the effort. The results are worth waiting for," said Bob. Deputy editor of Executive magazine Eric Stone, formerly a Los Angeles photographer, says: "When I'm shooting pictures for myself, I use Kodachrome. It is an old-fashioned film, but wonderful. But when I'm taking pictures for wo¡k, I use Fujichrome, which is very good, and saves time."

Most professional labs in Hong Kong can process Fujichrome, or Kodak's other slide film Ektachrome, in two hours or less.

FILM

on, with Kodak fighting

can imagine."

sports meeting

SHOPPING FOR CAMERAS: We'd better include a waming for would-be professionals.

You've probably heard it said a dozen times

thatHong Kong is thebestplace tobuy goodvaluecameras. It istrue enough for tourists, but the¡e are few Hong Kong shops stocking the range oftop equipment available in Japan, the US or Europe.

Eric Stone says: "For all its huge cam-

erashops, Hong Kongsuppliers cater ferthe amateur and advanced amateur, not the proWhat of the future?

Techno-giant, Canon, has been displaying some rema¡kable photographic equipment in Hong Kong recently. This includes a

a defensive action

against fast-growing Fuji, which has

been

steadily enlarging its market share.

But going back to cameras for

a

moment, most serious photographers also use large-format cameras. The most popular is the 120mm size, and the most respected cameras in this range are the Hasselblad, from Sweden, and the Japanese Mamiya.

On the whole, l20mm cameras are kept

FILMS: Now you've chosen your camera and format, it is time to check the film grade - and perhaps make a space in your fridge. Most

which is considered the Rolls-Royce of cameras,"he says. "It istotallymechanical, with no builçin frills, no light meters and so on. The Nikon has every possible extra you

a

its high-grade film at the moment, but there is already a film war going

The professional has another reason to distrust autofocus, one suspects: not because they can do the job better than he can, but because of the shoftcut stigma they carry.

and former FCC president, favours Nikon

-

such as

in normal daylight.

WAR: Agfa is making a big push in

himself."

cameras. "But I also use Leica, a German one

high-speed events

Hong Kong with

for portraiture, studio work, and special assignments which require super-high definition - a glossy annual report or a spread in N ati onal G e o graphic, perhaps.

PROFESSIONALS' PREFERENCE: A straw poll of FCC photographers revealed a small and select range ofcameras were favoured.

Hu Van Es, professional photographer

Howeve¡ with professional film you have a much wider range of options, from ASA 25 to ASA 1600. Many photographers favour ASA 50 for bright Hong Kong sunshine. For super-sensitivity, go forASA 800 orASA 1600. These films can be used indoors without a flash, or they can be used to capture

major independent producers will have a film to suit your camera, labelled "professional".

All camera films "age" on the shelf, with colours and definition gradually losing their accuracy. With professional film, the manufacturers carefully age the films in the lab until the films are at the oplimum stage, and then ship them to stores in refrigerated packing.

Go into any good photoshop in Hong Kong, and you'll see a fridge behind the counter in which these films are kept. They

film at all. Instead, images are captured on a tiny 2"diameter floppy disc which slots in at the back.

The pictures can be viewed and edited on a screen before they are printed. (To see the quality of aprintproduced by this method, look at the picture of the girl.)

Another advantage: the pictures can be transmitted down atelephone line. Forphotojoumalists in a tight spot, this may be the answer to getting instant pictures across the world.

Canon also showed some prototype cameras for the future, including one called The Frog, streamlined for underwater use, camera that doesn't use

and the Homic (above).

The world of photojoumalism is changing very fast indeed.

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT I I

SPECIAL

making

photojournalism rt

now

lodged comfortably in the Information Services Department of Hong Kong Govem-

ment.

CRASH COURSE: It is a tribute to the man that he knew nothing about photojoumalism

HOTOJOURNALISM in Hong Kong, paradoxically, owes its origin not to photographers, but to an irascible, en-

terprising journalist, bom with

a

built-in an-

tenna to detect what sells newspapers.

Graham Jenkins, who celebrated his 72nd birthday last month, is the architect in Hong Kong of news through pictures. When he launched The Star on March 15, 1965, as Hong Kong's answerto The Daily Mirror and Sunday Pictorial, he was virtually laughed out oftown.

In the

hindsight

of

historY,

it

is

anybody's guess who is havingthe last laugh.

The acerbic Jenkins, who has launched as many careers as he has foreclosed with his ruthless demand for the best at all times, is unquestionably the doyen of surviving edi and protors, a man with a sense of history portion.

Digger Jenkins was already halfway into his career- a Reuter man who had done when he was the rounds inAsia and China tempted, after a brief fl in g with the H on gko n g Standard, then known as Hongkong Tiger Standard, into flying on his own wings.

Given his low tolerance for incompetence and, as he called it, poor white trash on the editorial floor, it was not long before his establishment developed the reputation as the house with the revolving doors. But those who stayed behind, until the paper's demise in the '80s, will swear by The Star, the one and only star they know in Hong Kong.

12 THECORRESPONDENT JUNE 1 988

when he invited Mr Haigh, the picture editor

of

the

Daily Mirrortocoñeandhelp him

set

up

an aftemoon tabloid. That was the best brash course Jenkins had in photojournalism.

"Haigh," Jenkins admits, "taught me all I knew. First, he told me how to get the pictures and select the one for the front page. Next, he taught me how to write the headline around it.

Then, he taught me how to write the story in the briefest possible terms in the space left on that page."

Afterafew hiccups,The Starwas up and running. Working on a basic format of 200 words, The S/ar was compulsive reading material for secondary-school Chinese students and the readership kept growing.

- his good fortune came the most To tumultuous period of Hong Kong's growingup process the riots over the fare increase on the Sta¡- Ferry and the 1967 communistinspiredriots. With aminimum of verbiage and a maximum of photo projection,The Star was the instant source of information about what'¡/as going on.

SAUCY GOSSIP:

To

this, of course, was

added the most saucy society gossip column

by thelegendary San, and oodles ofcoverage on teen and nightlife, backed by masses of photographs, a trend other papers were to copy later without much success.

The Jenkins secret was his way with pictures. Augustine Chiu, who shot the pictures for Tåe S¡ar during the Star Ferry riots, is

Another GIS cameraman, who Jenkins knows only as Eddie, shot out of his office like a hare when he heard the sound of an explosion from Caroline Mansions in Causeway Bay. What he came back with was the picture of Inspecto¡ McEwen's battered face after he failed to shift a bomb-device planted in Yee Wo Street.

"We ran that picture on page one and

prid;in

rheir

I

had a call from Nigel Watt, di¡ector of GIS, demanding that I take it offthe remaining editions. I asked him why and he said it would distress McEwen's widow. Itold himtokeep theeditionoutof the widow's view while the public had the chance to digest what the rioters were trying to do. I never heard f¡om the GIS again."

MEMORABLE: Never the editor to let down his team or people who supplied him with pictures, Jenkins recalls with pride the freelancers who came up with unsolicited but

exclusive pictures of stories in action. The most notable, Jenkins admits, was the explosion on the Jumbo Floating Restaurant when someone on a yacht passing by fired a whole roll of pictures and handed that To The Star.

"We discovered that as many people died of the fire as those who jumped out to be boiled alive in the surrounding waters."

The one that gives Jenkins a quiet giggle was thatedition in 1966 which featured the barefaced story of Hong Kong's first nudist cocktail party. There are not many editors who would have risked their judgment on that spread-and got a\ilay with it. Which is what makes Jenkins the grand-daddy of photojournalism in Hong Kong.

Good on you mate.

that,

of the photographers out on assignment

Lll'],llit a portfolio of pictures for the ;J:Xiå:'i:i'lfilifmJii?J"j'ffJ news, sports and foreign editors make their

crafr.

fiiiåäî"äÏåiîü3iili;".Yìit?;,-.,i;T

story and lift it up front in the paper, they are worked on weekends as a darkroom aide and more than ever grateful and appreciative. My HongKong'sprintmedia: thefi¡st trainee-photographer at Sunday Press. He photographers get picture credits the same mantoratelistingasPictorialEdi- usedthe time to understudyprofessionalsin '"vay reporters get bylines for their stories, tor of the Hongkong Standard. And thereby the trade before he finally graduated to a and healthy competition builds up to see who hangs a success story. photographer's post in Australian Post, a scores the most during a week or a month."

Fallander's title signals the closing of weekly newspaper, and then the Sun News the gap that has separated the picture-taker Pictorial.

TEAM BUILDING: The recipe, in Fallander's from the editor, a chasm as it were between A national award for sports photogra- reckoning, has worked wonders already. professionals in the same trade graded in an phers in 1979 set Fallander on course. "Ourphotographers walk tall these days and unspoken caste system almost feudal in out- Moving 1o the Adelaide Advertiser in 1983, they have developed a new pride in their craft look.

Fallander concentrated on its weekly colour and the profile they enjoy among other proIt was not until the mid-'60s and the magazine with exotic portfolios culled from fessionals. Ahappy team is a good team in advent in Hong Kong of competitive televi- visits to Tibet, China and other parts of Asia. any game and it is a great feeling to know that sion cameramen, the men who capture in- In 1986 Fallander clinched the Australian my menout on the jobgoforawinnerevery stant images of events, happenings and faces Grand Prix picture award, something akin to time they squeeze the trigger." on the small screen, that people in public life, the Oscar in the trade. The following year he Fallander(relrt)and nottomentioneditors,realisedthe trueworth earnedtheticketto his present post asPictoof informed exposure and the surefire hands rialEditorof theHongkongstandard.

-- apasefromthe Hongkonssrandard' andeyesbehindthe camera, Equally,news- Into his job in Hong Kong for a year paper editors were jolted into the realisation now, Fallander can claim credit for having that the pictures they carried had to be as good fairly revolutionised the impact of visuals in as, if not better than, those seen on the TV rhe Standard. This he has accomplished not screens the night before. only by the sheer quality and innovative At the same time, the great leap in the range of his own pictures, but also through *æ,gÊ 'At\^ +'-^^ L^+ *^r^r +,,-^^^++:-- ^-¡ --:-Ê:-^ 4L^ *^*:,,^+:^- L^,nanaggs tO ARC FALLANO¡n

'il'j:

A

all

attuppy

new

s

rnxifi:::rii.;; triiå"*äiftr

Marc Fallander, who haS set out tO develOp a talented ream of photojournalisrs, says team iS a gOOd team. HiS COlleagues now take a

With maximum photo projection and a 200-word story, The Star, now defunct, set the path for the I development of photojournalism in Hong Kong.

Graham Jenkins is now the editor at the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce. He (seal¿d) is seen here talking to Hong Kong Govemor Sir David Wilson during the govemor's visit to the Chamber.

:;1i:

A success story in the

Jenkins, the grand-daddy of

REPORT

is a rarity in

,,_-- ___-

spectrum

of

interests than

the conventional THE NEW ORDER:

"The '?-ø

range of firingJine group photographs and days when photoribbon-cutting ceremonies that had been the graphers went out on stapìe diet of news photography until then. assignments with no idea of what they were suppo ied GRUDGING APPROVAL: The sheer work- to shoot, then returned and load, not to mention the responsibilities of tossed a contact-sheet of decision making on the picture chosen, en- prints to the editorial desk tailed an equitable division of labour between are finished," says Fallander. thosewhose jobit was to handlethetextand "A photographergoing out on

thosewho had to provide thevisuals togo with the copy. Though the principle was accepted somewhat grudgingly, it took the better part of two decades before someone like Fallander could come along and claim equal billing with other editorial heads of depart-

ments.

an Starton the Melbourne Her-

Fallander's own career confirms, to

extent,therigours ofthetrektothetop. ing life as a copyboy

ald, his hometown newspaper, Fallander

^*tistic

-ûZÃ

ajobformetodayhastoaskand

find out the nature of his job, the kind of picture expected and the conditions in which he will be operating. Once on the job, he must secure all relevant details to fill a data sheet for an editor to be able to write f¡om that an intelligent andpithy caption forthepicture. Most of all, I insist that the picture for the event should be selected by the photoTHECORRESPONDENT 13

SPECIAL REPORT

Eyes behind the cameras decades yet to go before he can well

and truly retire.

A

much-acclaimed winner of in two minds when his camera froze the body of a woman who tripped and several awards, Chan Kiu was

fell in the flood waters at the junction of Third Street and Central in West Point, following torrential rains

on June 12, L966. Though it won the top prize as the Hong Kong Newspaper Society's Press Picture of the Year, Chan Kiu was nagged by the unaddressed question: should he Chan Kiu have taken the picture or saved the drowning woman?

FouR decades, rhe ev-

rl!

on ABour ergreen veteran among Hong ñ Kong's press photographers has ^ been Chan Kiu, the diminutive dynamo with the impish smile who had the gift of beingattherightplace atthe right time for the picture that bore the imprint of his creative genius.

In October last year, when Chan Kiu called it a day as chiefphotographer ofthe South China Morning Post,he had reached the mandatory retirement age of 60. But, in the view of his peers, Chan Kiu has some UDGES

AT

That is the un¡esolved dilemma of press photographers the world over: the moment of truth when the call of duty is in conflict with a cryforhelp. AndChanKiuis not the only photographer to have been put

through this agonising, emotional wringer.

The good news is that Chan Kiu's wealth of experience andexpertise will not be lost 1o the profession. A Chinese publisher has since signed him up to train a fleet of young press photographers in the art of clicking winners. Good luck Chan Kiu.

PRESS

photo competitions in Hong Kong during the pastdecade havebeen able to pick the winner without ever having to look for the name ofthe photographer. That is the reputation enjoyed by Sunny Lee, one of Hong

Kong's most visible

ofproviding colour graphics for travelrelated magazines, company portfolios and corporate brochures, Ray Cranbourne has established himself as something of a master chef.

On call around theclock, the cheerful Australian from Melboume, who oper-

ates his own film-processing studio in Wyndham Street, recently celebrated the 20th anniversary of his flourishing business in Hong Kong.

Cranbourne's copybook career started as a darkroom cadet-trainee on the Melbourne Herald in the mid-'50s before the lure of new pastures and adventure found him wading into the Vietnam War, where he mixed with the US marines in Da Nang on airbornehelicopter units andriver patrols. As Cranboume's pictures found their way into the pages of Time and Newsweek, the Australian visited Hong Kong on a rest-and-recreation trip in 1968.

The rest is the old familiar story about being hooked by the free-wheeling Hong Kong Cranboume can best be described as

versatile press photogra-

the photographer's photographer, his

phers.

dio facilities available to any fellow-professional on a rush assignment from any partof the world. Few photographers can

the mid-'70s, hardly a year

ü

N TI{E BREAD-AND-BUTTER business

lifestyle.

and

Since aniving at the South China Morning Post in il

Ray Cranbourne

claim tohave put Hong Kong on theinter-

has gone by without Sunny

(Sunshine) tæe picking up some national or international award.

The only lensman to have been voted

PhotographerOf TheYear on three occasions during this decade (1980, 1982, and 1983), Sunny Lee is a pro who can smell a picture in the direst of circum-

Press

stances, a daredevil who pushes opportunism and his luck to the limits to get the picture he wants.

Sunny Lee's idea of a vacation is to packhis camerabags and go to outlandish

stu-

Sunny Lee

-

award-winners in the background.

national map so constantly and so successfully as Cranbourne has, because he is the top choice for organisations like the Hong Kong Tourist Association, Cathay Pacific

spots, like the fabled Silk Road in China, Tibet or Mongolia forprofiles of people and places. Such expeditions have helped him mount more than one exhibition of his works.

Describing himself as a self-taught amateur, Sunny Lee, in the view ofhardened professionals, is a hard man to beat. The proof is on the pages of the South China Morning Post and the number of awards he has

joumalist who wishes to diversify or do his

clinched.

own thing.

Airways and a host ofcorporations.

When television crews from Europe or the United States arrive here for location shooting, one of the first people they get in touch with is Cranboume for his local contacts, know-how and filming experience.

As a pioneering path-finder, Cranbourne exemplifies the scope there is for the photo-

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 15

Toppon Moore (HlO Ltd., hos opened o Bureou which offers the following servrces o

.

DRAFT COPY

SPECIAL

REPORT

HE SAFARI-SUITED GENT with the drooping, Zapata-style moustache qualifies as something

of a Cardinal, a red hat in the August body of photojoumalists in Hong Kong.

Hugh Van Es, cameraman extraordinaire with a legend as rich and colourful as that of the Flying Dutchman, made a splash in the '60s when the yacht he shared with fellow-Dutchman, van Kamm was seized by the into Chinese waters dur-

Chinese after allegedly straying ing a routine cruise to Macau.

DISKETTES

Amidst much hand-wringing in Hong Kong, the Chinese released the yacht and the Dutchmen retumed to HongKonglike conqueringheroes. What was theirsecret? The press quizzed them indisbelief. "Inthecabin below the deck," Hugh Van Es told them, "we had a framed photograph of Chairman Mao and a copy of his famous Red Book. The PLAboys took one look at that

CLUB NEWS

'The kindest thing Lee Kuan Yew can do is to step down' DEVAN NAIR was Singapore's head of state from 1981to 1985.

A member of the Anti-British League a communist front organisation in the '40s, Nair became Singapore's trade union leader -and a powerful voice of socialism and trade unionism in the third world. And he was Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew's comrade-in-arms for many years. But in 1985, Lee removed Nair from office denouncing him as an alcoholic acting in a manner unbecoming to the presidency; and last month, demanded an apology and damages from him for allegedly libelling the prime minister. And now, Nair, one of the founders of the Republic of Singapore, says he cannot find a forum in his country to address its people. Speaking at a professional luncheon at the FCC on Nday 27, he said: 66There's nothing I would like more than to reach my people...

My hope is, that through you I may begin to reach the people of Singapore." Excerpts of his speech: MIGHT BEGIN with a very brief sketch emergence from chaos. In the immediate post-war years, nobody .in London or Kuala Lumpur, or even Sin-

and company - totally unrepresentative of any ethnic group in Singapore, emerge as the natural leaders of Singapore?

right. First we had to

gapore, could possibly have conceded that Singapore would have emerged as a nation.

Everybody assumed that the natural leaders of Singapore would be the ChineseChamber of Commerce, and a few English-educated professionals.

Then, a small group of quite unrepresentative Singaporeans who did not represent any ethnic group emerged. They were a minority and were not really anti-colonial. Their highest aspirations did not go beyond wanting more promotions for locals in the civil service. This group, made up of a few social democrats in England who swore by Harold Lasky, the Fabians, ClementAttlee, Jawaharlal Nehru (Confucius had not been discovered

EXPELLED: The first years were really turbulent years. There was no nation, not even a semblance of nationhood. There was the ambition, the aspiration, that eventually we would be a part of Malaysia. We tried very hard to be part of Malaysia. Our stay in Malaysia didn't last very long. We were booted out. We're probably the only country in the world which was kicked out into independence. I know that. All of us were shaken - Lee Kuan Yew was shaken, I was shaken, so \¡r'ere many others... the World In 1965, the whole world - thought Bank, the Malaysians, the British - its own. that Singaporejust cannotsurvive on One-and-a-half million people then, 224 square miles, at low tide, no natural resources impossible to survive. And I believe the -Malaysians clearly believed that at the end of three years Singapore would come crawling back and appeal for readmission. It did not happen. Itdid not happenbecause of a rather

do that?

Yew, let me acknowledge it with pride, was the superb captain of a truly superb team.

But, then. as happens to too many captains; at the end of the game they come to believe that they scored all the goals themselves.

hardworking people, an intelligent leadership, we can force very high standards of public administration, andpublic morality. Andwe had to deal with a communist united fronta formidable organisation.

The real battles were fought in the trade unions. We won three equal contests. You

of our

Hugh Van Es

o)

quolity prinling ond lexl composition of reporls etc., by using lozer prinlers which provide o solid typefoce imogine insleod of lhe usuol dol motrix line-prinlet printFost,

out.

b) A binding service ond, if required, o complete oulgoing moiling service.

A 57¿" floppy disk input is preferoble but, if only hordcopy is ovoiloble, lhe Bureou stoff con input ond process bul ot extro cosl.

For more informolion, or lo ploce on order pleose phone 5-833ó103 or go to l7lF Chino Underwr¡têrs Centre, Ea Gloucesler Rood, wonchoi, Hong Kong'

ffiffiFH"HH" twdÈtudWr(æ¡æ({lrd

16 THE CORRESPONDENT JUNE 1988

-/ffire

and decided we were okay and let us leave."

No stranger to happenstance, Van Es brings to his craft the-devil-may-care temperament of a soldier of fortune and his published works certainly live up to that reputation. In recentyears, he has slowed downabit,but his judgment is nearflawless in the adjudicating panels at major photographic contests.

As a critical watchdog of the photographic scene in themedia,Van Es has high praiseforthepush and thrust of today's generation of Chinese photographers. And whatwillbehis advice to them? "I would advise them," VanEs says, "to think abouttheir shots, check outbeforehand what they are going to shoot, if possible, especially against competition, to be able to get a different angle and a different shot. The best way 1o teach them is to send them out on an assignment, and then sit down with their pictures and tell them where they went right or wrong.

That is still the best way oftraining photographers."

As a perfectionist, Van Es believes there was more challenge to the craft in his days when the photographer had no more than six plates or exposures with which to get his shot, a far cry from today when our photographers expose four or five rolls on a single assignment. "The discriminating eye and a surefire sense of timing are still the secret behind a good photograph," Van Es says, and nobody will dare quibble with that.

then), had other ideas.

When Lee Kuan Yew, Goh Keng Swee, and Rajaratnam retumed to Singapore, they joined up with more radical English-speaking and Chinese-speaking groups who, quite frankly, thought that the only clean, genuine anti-colonial group '¡/ere the communists. I was one of them. I was nevera memberof the

Communist party but I began my career in 1947 as a member of a clandestine organisation called the Anti-British League.

To obtain an understanding ofhow Singapore became what it is today, the question to ask is: How did a group of people, especially a group of democrats - Lee Kuan Yew

unique conjunction of circumstances - a highly intelligent group of men. Lee Kuan

RIGHT START: We also got our priorities

defuse the explosivelanguage, religion, culture which had- proved so fatally divisive in -so many heterogeneous countries. How did we

type issues

All

our four languages are official. The

school en¡olment then, was 90 per cent in Chinese-medium schools. Today it's 100 per cent in English-medium schools. And the way it developed was all languages were equal.

You could get up in Parliament and spout

forth in any of these languages and there's simultaneous translation. It was up to the parents to decide to which language stream they would sendtheir children. And in independent Singapore, once the patents decided and no longer felt culturally insecure, the govemment said, in all schools, the mothertongue would be a compulsory second language. So the sense of cultural insecurity

which they had under the British-colonial administration had disappeared.

ECONOMIC: There was no common market with Malaysia. We didn't have a common market even when we were in Malaysia. We will export to the world. The globe is our market. With an excellent natural harbour, a

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 17

CLUB NEV/S

(]OMIN(; I'VENI'S

CLUB NEWS

China power station visit that the first major security operations against the communists were won only after the referendum for merger with Malaysia was won.

In those days, before the referendum, there was an internal security council with Malaysian, British three representatives and Singaporean. The-'British had the casting vote. And the Malaysians and the British wanted Lee Kuan Yew to act against Lim Chiu Siong and pick up all the communists. He refused. He said, 'I have to win the battle at C¡own level first. Then, we will act against them.' And, we won the battle, open argument. There is a book, The Battle for Merger which cameout in those years, awhole series of excellent radio talks by Lee Kuan Yew. We must win the battle for the hearts and minds of the people through the open argument, he might recall

said. Noneofthe joumals weregazetted in those days. Wewonthebattle. And, then, the security operations began. The economic strategy paid off, it was a brilliant strategy...

TODAI TOMORROW: How hasthispresent situation, then, come about? And this is what I would like to convey to my people.

We made Singapore. Singapore can quite easily be unmade. The wo¡ld will ask, and is asking, that with its brilliant economic success, social changes, the finest housing programme in the world, anexcellenttraffic system and a superb administration, so much is going for Singapore; do we really have to be intolerant? Is there any need forparanoia?

THE ROOT CAUSE: All these problems ensue from a fundamental fallacy -- a number of fundamental fallacies -- which have infected the captain.

Fallacy number one: Freedom and order are essentially incompatible. And all ofus,thecaptainandall of us, areconscious of the vulnerabilities of Singapore. As a Singaporean, I know the vulnerabilities. The younger generation of Singaporeans also know the vulnerabilities. We exist in a very volatile, geo-political milieu. Just across the causeway, the infra-rational elements within the Malaysian population are quite formidable, with any number of buddingAyatollahs running around. You cannot always guarantee that a development-oriented govemment will always be in charge. Whathappens then?

What happens after the nextpalace revolution in Jakarta?

If you're a Singaporean, any leader would have to think of these vulnerabilities.

How do you face it? Then we decide if freedom and order are incompatible; ifthere has to be some big brother who has to tell people whattothink,whatto feel andhow to plead. don't buy that at all. I don't think Sin-

I

18 THE CORRESPONDENT JUNEI988

will buy that for a long time.

You have the most educated population inEastAsia, probablyafter Japan. LeeKuan

gaporeans

Yew himself said about three to four months ago, that 80 per cent of our population are home-owning middle-class. In the very next breath, he says, "Be careful of the communists." I go along with the view that 80 per cent ofour population are probably middle class. But what is the dominant characteristic of middle-classes all over the world? They don't like a bigbrother breathing down their necks. Is it really true thatfreedom and order cannot exist together? What about Israel?

Nevermind all the stupid things rhey are doing in the West Bank. It is far more vulnerable than Singapore living in constant crisis.

- of Israel, you still have the Within the borders most fractious and contentious democracy in the world. And when it comes to the crunch, Israelis, whether Likud, Labour or religious right, everybody gets together.

TRUST THE PEOPLE: What makes anyone believe that Singaporeans won't gel together, especially the younger generation of Singaporeans - my sons, their friends, evèn the detainees, the people who were arrested lastyear. They have travelled toMalaysia, to Indonesia, to the Philippines, to India and they have come back...They know the dangers.Andthey also know intheir bones that what we have achievedin Singapore is worth

preserving, worth dying for. They will gel.

Human beings will gel. But how do you make robots gel?

The nation-building process, so highly successful, has now been transformed into a process of robotisation. The writing is already on the wall. Our only natural resources

our people. And Singaporeans with internationally mobile skills, intemationally marketable skills, are already leaving our country. Have a word with the Commonare

wealth high commissions in Singapore. They

will confirm.

MISGUIDED: came to

I

have advised people who

me, among

others,

Francis

Seow

and J.B. Jayaratnam, that their negative denuriciation of the PAP, the view that everythingthat the PAPdoes is wrong, willnotget

them anywhere. Acknowledge the achieve-

ments. They are there for everyone to

see.

And what you have to do, is to tell the people: 'Look, we must maintain these achievements, build on these achievements, maintain these standards and our productivity; otherwise you can't survive; but we will offeryou a different style. We'll take you into our confidence.'

Singaporeans will respond as they have responded in thepast...

EUGENICS: The other fallacy is eugenics.

When Edward Wilson of the Harvard University wrote his book on socio-biology, I don't think he really imagined that he would get such a powerful disciple as Lee Kuan Yew. I remember, it allbegan in 1983. He had read Edward Wilson and he had asked me to read the book. I read it, very interesting speculation. But thelast word onthis nature vs nature debate has never been said and it

will never be

said.

Then, he made that awful speech

on

natu¡e and nature, IQ and so on, on thé National Day in September, 1983. I happened to be in hospital, and he came to see me. I scolded him, I said, 'What on earth do you think you are doing? Why didn't you say intelligence is important but what is far more important is qualities of character and motivation.'He then said, 'You say it.' I did try; but as president you have to be very careful.

It's not an American-style presidency. As ceremonial president, all that you are expectedtodoisto cut ribbons and lookdignified. But I did try andtellhimthatthe serrnon on the mount, Buddha's teachings and so on did not come from PhDs.

THE IDEAL

COURSE: I cannot forget the three decades of common struggle that Lee Kuan Yew and the rest of us went through for a common cause, against common enemies.

And I will never decry his achievements -- the achievements of his team, and, let us not forget, the achievements ofthe people of Singapore. Thekindest thinghe cando today is to step down. Old men develop obsessions.

Vy'hatever the shortcomings of the younger generation of leaders, theyounger team of ministers, they are, by and large, intelligent men, they are qualified and capable.

They must be allowed to develop their own

styles. They know

the vulnerabilities of Singapore. Let them appeal to the younger generation of Singaporeans in their own way,

communicatein theirown way. They're not quitters. There will inevitably be a little tussle as to who is to be theirnew captain. And

so

be

down

it. But present captain, please step - with a very comfofable pension --

unconditionally.

But it doesn't look as though it's going

tohappenthat way.

I

speak as a Singaporean: You have

made great contributions in the name of

polit!

cal self-renewal. You have successfully and with goodwill eased out so many of the members of the

old guard. Quite rightly. I have

willingly eased myself out because I was absolutely satisfied with the reasons you ad-

vanced - old men should nothang on too long.

But then, after having eased other members of the old guard out, why do you want to remain?

New Board of Governors takes offTce Ballot

AMPAIGNING FOR presidency is not in

scrutineers Michael Keats (right) and

FCC's tradition. While more than one candidate have often contested the election, seldom have contenders campaigned for votes.

This year, however, was

Hubert Van Es, assisted by Club Steward Julia Suen (second

from left) and club staff

president, senior editor of Asiaweek Berton Woodward, accepted nomination to stand

Yvonne Tang and Winnie Lai, counting the votes.

campaign salvo with a personalised letter to each voter. (Only correspondent members are eligible to stand or vote forpresi-

dent.) If elected president,

'Woodwa¡d said, he would im-

upgrade the quality

of

food

served in the club's dining room, and replacing the present bar

job when elected last year, but I must admit it has been worthwhile andmostly fun." Healso much looking forwa¡d to the

listed the projects he would like to see through. Aboutbar stools,

most, if not all, voters.

to fall

Davies quickly responded to the challenge by writing to voters explaining why he has accepted nomination for a second term. He said: "Frankly,I was not

And when the ballots were counted on Thursday, .}l4.ay 12, Davies scored 78 votes and won the seat with a l6-vote margin.

For other positions, Sinan

Davies said:

"I

go along with

new bar stools, although I've yet

offone."

In memory of Ann Hughes

and raised

will

($126) can be charged

take

ticket

to your

Club

account. Hopewell willprovideland transport in China and lunch. A China visa is required. It can be ob-

terms with seven new membe¡s joining to complete the 17-member board. The new board took office on Wednesday, May 25. For full list see P.4.

Shanghai, she moved to

Hong

PETERKeung, FCC member and the head of the new regional delegation of the Intemational Red Cross will address the Club at a luncheon on Friday,July l. Hewillreport on the activities of the Red Cross in Asia.

Blood donation THEHong Kong Red Cross will set up a blood colleciion centre at the Club (in Wyndhan' Room) from I I am to 3 pm on July ' . Members are asked to support the Red Cross by donating blood. Donors will be offered tea, coffee, beer or brandy.

corps known to close friends as

Dick, thedoyenoftheforeigncorrespondents

Hughes gathered in the Wyndham Roomof theFCConThursday, May 12, for a remembrance luncheon. A memorial service ofThanksgiving for the life ofAnn was held at St. Joseph'sCatholic Church, GardenRoad, earlierthatday. Anndied in a

April

in

Fisek(AgenceFrance Presse) and Irene O'Shea (Communique Ltd.) were elected unopposed as first and second vice-presidents respectively. They both had served as govemors during the 1987-88 term. All in all, 10 members of the 1987-88 board, including the president, were relected for a new

His Grace.

Kong following the communist victory in And Hong Kong was their home until China. In Hong Kong she met and mar¡ied death of Dick four years ago.

RIENDS OF THE late Ann Hughes and her husband the late Richard

A

about 5.30p.m. Thejoumey about two hours each way.

Luncheon speech The annual general meeting in session.

stools with more stable ones.

Woodward then followed up his direct mail campaign with personal chats over the phone with

road accident in Perth on Sunday,

fore 9.30 a.m. Thegroup willretum

The port city ofTaiping, where the Boxer Rebellion began when the first shot was fired against the British, isnearShajiao. Avisittotheanti-British museum is also being considered.

Please call Julia (5-2 I 1 5 I l) for resewations. Bookings will close on June 18.

tion, Woodward fired the first

introduction of a full-time chef to

thus, been scheduled for Saturday, June 25.

The party leaving by ferry from TaikoktsuipierinKowloon at 10 a.m. should clear custom formalities be-

tainedfrom theChina Travel Services'at China Resources Bqilding.

Derek Davies, who was seeking a second term in office.

In the run up to the elec-

prove services and facilities in many areas of the club including

for Club members to visit the recently completed 700 mw power station at Shajiao in Guangdong. A trip has,

The two-way ferry

different. Incumbent first vice-

against incumbent president,

THE Club has received an invitation from Hopewell Power (China) Ltd

10.

gentle, adorable woman with a warm smile, Ann has been admired by everyone who knew her. Born in Hangzhou

the

Ann then moved to Perthwhereher daughter by a former marriage, Carol Potter, lives. On Saturday,April9, Ann was :iding her bicycle near her home when a car knocked her down

and fatally injured her. She died on Sundaynightat Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital after an unsuccessful emergency operation.

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 19

P E

o

P

LE

Pne-Ser SIAïoNERY

FOR WELL KNOWN SOFTWARE PACKAGES NOW AVAILABLE AT OUR RETAIL OUTLETS (Packing: 200sheets per pack)

SPECULATIONS HAVE been mounting for sometime about Derek Davies and his life at the

PEACHTREE.INVOICE 028

Magazine

him was the obvious question as Davies advanced from his 55th bithday two years ago and celebratedhis silverjubilee as editor

vestors

last year. When one mellows into that vintage sitting in the

PEACHTREE INVOICE 029

A farewell

P.EACHTREE ]NVOICE 038

drink: Anthony Paul (left) with Robert Liu of AP rejoinedAslawe¿t. On his second day in the newjob, however, he took a telephone call from a headhunter in Tokyo: "Would you be interested in running the new

associate publisher of

English-language division

a

new Eng-

A former two-term FCC President (1977-'79), Paul, an Australian, and his American wife, Anne, have lived in Hong Kong for the past 16 years.

Since 1975, Anne has run a highly successful gemology school, which prepares local stufor a London diploma in the study of gemstones. F¡om dents

1975 to 1979,Paul was concurrently the Digest's regional roving editor and editor-in-chief of the magazine's Asian Englishlanguage edition. In 1978, he arranged for the Digest's purchase of an 80 per cent interest in

OMICRON STATEMENT

Asiaweek.

Subsequently, his Roving

Report column

throughout the

from

datelines region and the

world became a

Retail Outlets

o . .

Wing ON Company's Main Store,2nd FIoor, Wing On Centre, Hong Kong.

Shop No.63, 2nd Floor, Admiralty Centre, Hong Kong.

Tel:5-447795

1/F,Shop131 PeninsulaCentre,6TModyRd., Tsimshatsui East, Kowloon.

Tel: 3-689637

Tel: 5-270890

HËreffiHH" 20 TIJE CORRESPONDENT JUNE 1988

regular

Asiaweek feature. His contribution ended with Time Inc.'s purchase, in 1985, of the Digest's holding in the regional newsmagaztne.

For the

past several years

(in the wake of founder DeWitt Wallace's death), the Digest has been cutting back in the Westem

Pacific. The company closed the Japanese

edition and

reduced guaranteed circulations for the Asian EnglishJanguage and

Australian editions, In December, it abolished Paul's Hong

the controversial Welshman may

Subsequently, he spent three years working in Africa and Australia

before arriving in Hong Kong where he joined the Review tn 1973 as business editor. Bowring resigned in 1977 to join the Asian Wall Street Journal. He latel moved to the Financial Times as Southeast Asia correspondent before rejoining the Review in 1980.

of

- the only

English-language

magazrne offering

the

inside

story of Japanese business, wherever it is in the world." The company has offices in New York, Los Angeles and London and

will shortly

open one in Hong

Kong.

The present claimed circulation is 54,600. Paul hopes for 100,000-plus within three years, in North America.

Although they have said

a

formal sayonara to Hong Kong, thePauls insist thatthey have not put the territory behind them forever. They have kept their Hong Kong apartment. Their two sons

Brodie, 22, a Japanese-lan-

-guage student in Brisbane,Aus-

tralia, and Bruce, 20, a Mandarin student at the University of North plan to Carolina, Chapel Hill return and make their -careers in Hong Kong.

just called a'press hostel' -- it wasn't really a club."

In

1945, Mr Liao and the clubmovedto Shanghai, but the communist takeover \n 1949 meant the reporters were on the

and 1960s, working

club locations

in all

from

the

Conduit

Road through the Hilton Hotel

flagship publication is Keizaikai (literally: Business World), a

magazine and Paul's new challenge, Business Taþo, bills itself as "Japan's leading English-language business monthly.

Says Paul: "It claims to be and certainly will become

and aman from UP" -itwasjust United Press in those days, long before it became United Press Intemational.

Liao, bom in Laoshan in 1917, remembers the hardships members had to suffer in the early days. "Sometimes there was no water. At the beginning, it was

Hong Kong through the 1950s

Co. Ltd. Its Japanese-language

latest

the

He tended the wants of

The company is Keizaikai

The company's

all

members in less dramatic times in

a

fortnightly sometimes described as the F orbe s magazine of Japan.

can remember

correspondents," he says. "There were people from Reuters, there was a Frenchman and a German,

move again.

Japanese publishing company?"

ness Tolcyo.

MBSI STATEMENT 3663

same chair, it is not unusual for others to wonder if he will move up or move out.

Insiders had once felt that

Chronicle.

Kong post. Paul immediately

ANTHONY PAUL, the Reader's DigestUS edition's Hong Kongbased, former roving editor (Asia & Pacific), left Hong Kong late lastmonth for Tokyo. InJapan, he becomes editor-in-chief and lish-language magazine, Busi-

in

1966 with the Envoy in London and later worked with the prestigious 1/,-

ism

For Easlern Economíc Review.

What does the future hold for

of the revered weekly magazine

"I

Bowring,45, bom in Britain, started his career in joumal-

Derek Davies and wife Shizue Sanada(left) , and Philip Bowring.

to Sutherland House.

He left the club in the late 1970s, after 40 years service, and went into business with his sons, in the US, putting his energy into

be put to pasture with a glorified

title, Editor Emeritus.

But

that

was not to be the tum of events.

Last month, Dow Jones, which owns the Review, brought an end to all speculations as it appointed Davies to the newly created position of editor-inchief with wider responsibilities

est, travel publishing.

He has just left a post doing special projects for the

Hongkong Srandard, and is joining Business Traveller as editor.

Media-watchers with long

memories will remember that Verghese was editor of Travelnews Asía before he joined the Standard.

Business Traveller's head office recently moved from Hong Kong to Singapore, but Verghese hopes his firstjob as editor will bring it back to the territory.

"Hong Kong has aneditorial dynamism that I believe will benefit the magazine," he says.

The South China Morning Pos¡ hâs done its usual job of luring away, or attracting, depend-

editorial responsibility for the Review and for the group's other publications. Among them: the

Liao Chien-ping at the main bar with Annie Van Es

"Those ofuswhohavenot

NOWHERE'S AMAN with a long record of devoted service to the bar at the FCC. But it is not the same side of the bar at which readers of The Corresponden¡ will be clocking in their hours.

yet acquired the ability to admire him will soon have to acquire it,"

started work at the FCC just about

China Trade Report, Asian Markets Monítor and the monthly magazine Asia Technology to be launched in January 1989.

HONG KONG'S joumalists, as usual, are on the move. Vijay Yerghese, a well-known contributor to the FCC's coffers, is moving back to his former inter-

THERE IS a great deal of movement to report within the newspaper world as well.

than those he had shouldered before. Davies, said the official announcement, will take overall

Asia Yearbook, AII Asia Guide,

Vijay Verghese

Liao Chien-ping first

two

very typical Hong Kong

businesses restaurant.

- a taxi service

and

a

"My

son has three restaurants, so he gave me one," says

Liao.

ing on your point of view, staff from the other English-language morning dally, Hongkong Standard.

Charles

Anderson,

Standard's chief sub, is to be features editor of the Post. Current Posl features editor Jack Beattie is to be a training officer, and has gone toAustralia to see how they do it in Rupertland.

was the immediate reaction of

when the club was formed in

But Liao, now a sprightly 7l-year-old, makes regular visits to his old haunt. Ifyou are inter-

one Davies watcher.

China nearly half-a-century ago.

He was then tending to the needs

ested at all in the early days ofthe press arriving in the South China

Cathy Spillet, Standard's supplements editor, has moved to

ofahandful of correspondents in

region, get hold of him, find him a seat on rftis side ofthe bar, and buy him a drink.

Afte¡ 50 years, it is about

the correspondent department of lhe Post.

From where is the Sr¿¡,r-

dard going to

time for a change.

seems that the recruiters are

Meanwhile, moving into Davies'chairas editor is Philip Bowring, a former FCC president (1985-86), who has been with the R¿view for a total of 12 yeafs.

Chungking. The China they were covering was very different from

the bustling

business-filled

middle kingdom of today.

fill

the gaps? It look-

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 21

NEV/MEMBERS

CLASSIFIED RESTAURANTS THE BEST INDIAN

EOOD

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Margaret Scott is arts and society

One of the Chef's favourites at

Lunch and 0inner Buffets

fore starting work as a reporter in

PRINTING SERVICES

editorforthe Far Eastern Economic Review. Bom in New York, she

LOWIE DICK COMPANY McDonald

T-shirts, shorts, tracksuits printed lo your

.

worked for ¡he Dallas Times Herald beforejoining the Review in 1985.

Bjaaland

own specifications

\{illiam Kai Man

Cheng is managing director of Shun Ho Lands and Investments. Bom inHong Kong, he is a specialist in property develop-

Silkscreen Printing service

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Marc Townsend works in property consultancy. He is investmentnegotiator with Vigers Hong Kong.

TRAVEL :"$3{">

Martin O'Neill is senioreditorwith Excerpta Medica Asia, a medical

40-42 Wyndham St , G/F, Hong Kong, 5-232778

Let Vegetarian Feed The Nation Go Vegetarian

He also likes 'Moon River', ,Take Five' and many '30's to '50's jazz favourites.

Our Trio plays nightly. Add to th'at oui Spanish and Mediterranean cuisine, tasteful ambience, courteous service and you will enjoy a unique dinner experience. Open for Happy Hour, dinner, late night drinks or just coffee.

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Beside St. Mary's Canossian College.

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CAR HIRE

communications firm. He was bom in Manchester, UK, and has had a long career in medical and technical publishing. He is also an affiliate ofthe Institute of lnformation Scientists.

.r€

5-263391 Licence No, 350343

Jonathan Wall is chief sub-edito¡ of ThePeakmagazine. Bom inthe other Aberdeen, in Scotland, he was chief sub of the London listings magazine

Ian Clethero

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years.

and pleasure junks for hire N EWSOM E TRAVEL I NTERN'L Tels: 5-271 51 1, 5-274598

has been

in

the territory for four

the past 20 years. She arrived in Hong

Kong in Septembe¡, and lives in tranquil Sai Kung. "But I neededawatering hole in Central; that's why I

joined

the

FCC,"

she says.

Economic Review staff member who is getting his first taste of head office life. Formerly bureau chief for the magazine in Syndey, McDonald is a Melboume-bom Australian.

was published in Seoul.

Irene Wong Sook-¡nun

Leo Dobbs is a correspondent with

is personal

Agence France Presse. London-bom

assistant to the consultant to the minister ofinformation at the Consulate of

Dobbs worked for the Hong Kong Govemment Information Service un-

Oman.

Patricia Bjaaland, half American, half Norwegian, is a freelance writer

Gretchen Le Gre is a professional inveslor. Although American-bom, she has been living outside the US for

Hamish McDonald is a Far Eastern

China tours, Kenya safaris

is managing director of Cambridge Tutors, a Hong Kong education sewice. Bom in theUK,he

who has written a number ofbooks on

life in Norway. She was bom in Wisconsin, USA, and was based in Oslo before herrecent arrival in Hong Kong.

til

Christopher fl ill

is credit manager in corporate banking for the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.

He was bom in Hong Kong.

I 985.

Martin Merz andBruce Grill

Park Sung Joon is Hong Kong correspondent for the Chosun Daily,pu'b-

Ian Triggs is a restaurant manager, employed by Walpar Holdings. He

lished in Seoul, SouthKorea. Hehas

hails from Portsmouth,England.

worked his way through the ranks at the paper, on the city desk and foreign desk, before being posted to Hong Kong in January this year. Last year he completed abook called A C ritical Biography of Deng Xiaoping,which

1985, and then for the Hongkong Standard.

Stephen Morgan is a sub-editor on fhe Far Eastern Economic Review.

Melbourne-born Morgan was formerly chief reporter of The Hongkong Standarrl. He spent three years as a student in Beijing and Nanjing until

Gerry Marron South China

are

in

the import-export business, and do a lot of travelling in the region for their NJB group of companies. Said Martin: "We can't really say when we first arrived in Hong Kong, because we commute all the time, mainly be-

is areporterwith the

Morning Pas¡. Bom in

tween Hong Kong, Taiwan and

County Durham, England, he worked with the Western Mail inWales and ahe Northern Ecfto in Darlington be-

China. It seems appropriate that footwear is one oftheir specialities.

License No.240040

A A

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Consider these facts:

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FACT 3: 52-&Vo

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THE CORRESPONDENT and influence the influencial

Call: 5-237l2l

24 TugCORRESPONDENT JUNE 1988

in Hong

electric typewriters, telephones, PBX systems, telex, fax, photæopiers, computers, computer softwre,

of the FCC members purchase or usage decisions for a $500,000 a year with 23Eo of them travel out ofHong Kong 6 to 20 times a væiety of office automation equipment: eaming in excess of $l million.

ROAD

qmtf toxHøq ruE (0r)9ó83S8

year and, l4%o more than 20 times. Over Wealthy, well-travelled, decision 5OVo rravel business class and l07o first makers. The findings ofarecent class. survey among FCC members in Hong Kong said it all. These men and women constitute the ideal target FACT 2: l5?a wine and dine 5-20 audience for a variety of advertisers, nigìJs a mnth in ho¡els and restaurants

FACT 1:

muqlv¡rdllvt0 HORIN

FIVE FACTS ABOUT FCC MEMBERS

ro reach this rarse t audience, advertise,,,

THE GoRRESPoNIIENT 601 Fu House . 7 Ice House St. Hong Kong Telephone: 5-237121 . Fâx: 5-8453556

JUNE 1988 THE CORRESPONDENT 25

A BOTTLE OF

THE CORRISPOITIIDNT

CHIVAS REGAL

CROSSV/ORD-.-

The futtne caughtup

Compiled by Brian Neil @ 1988

ACROSS:

l. A prostitute never is one, but a madam always is

1. God to act puts on quite a show

(9)

(10)

6. Victim of number one murderer (4)

2. Bloomer confused about a hundred for this

flier (6)

10. Slick one loses nothing

for foreign coins (7)

3. Observed about a note for essentials (5)

I 1. Deliver about to become abused (7)

4.

12. Expels a muddled American drunk (5)

5. Summer in guest house

Chorus established -

partly for fun (5)

- how sweet that can be!

13. Misses strange iron seats (9) 14. Divas point the way to

downfall of ancient queen (3) 16. Rude slab is beaten to produce consumer goods (8)

(8)

down (8)

lens to track the quick moves of a basketball player, focus response is instant. Even in dim lighting conditions down to EV1 (ttre tight produced by a single

8. Doles out deposits (5)

candle), thanks to Canon's BASIS (Base Stored Image Sensor). You'll never again take another

7. Remain small

to put

9. The moming after the nightbefore-areverse projection (8)

20. Note being devoured with another note is sent

RUL

l Entries must be sent to: THE CORRESPONDENT CROSSWORD, Foreign Correspondents' Club, North Block, No.2 Lower Albert Road, Hong Kong.

forth (8) 2I.

2.

Entries must reach the club not later than June 28.

3. Entries must carry the name, address and the club membership number of the

contestant.

4. The

first correct solution drawn from the entries received will be awarded a bottle

One goat gives one

confidence (3)

23.Mad master goes the port (9)

for

15. Started a terrible, lingering gaze (6,2)

e05 620.650

out- of-focus picture.

EOS cameras are

not only ultra-fast,

18. Ticket ofleave has the capacity to be accepted (8)

25. Clamour lacking about 50 develops into quite an

19. The

solution and the winner's name will be published in The Correspondent lhe following month.

affair (5)

top (8)

26. Six, with unruly child,

22. Old code when

has nothing with which to produce an oscillatory

method (6)

first to get double

jr

deciphered gives a cooking

effect (7)

CROSSWORD

NO3:

27. Rod and mast mix to give top billing (7)

CORRECT SOLUTION

28. Little ethics contain Scottish candidates (4) 29. Those who stare at Robert Redford are not down to earth (10)

There was no correct entry

26 THF. cORRESPONDENT JUNE

Canon

they're totally automatic, quiet and electronic. Conect exposure is assured even in backlit situations. There's a built-in three-frames-per-second motor drive. And they have SLR versatility with 13 new EOS lenses.

That's why, among photographers who are comparing autofocus cameras today, there's the feeling that Canon's EOS system was well worth waiting for.

There's the feeling that future has finally caught up with photography.

17. Messy drone loses key - signs of ill health? (9)

of Chivas Regal.

5. The

If you've quietly waited for new developments in the world of autofocus photography, the new Canon EOS cameras are surely what you've waited for.

These are the cameras that are changing the future of photography - more responsive, more creative, faster than any camera you've ever imagined.

Canon EOS (Electro-Optical System) camera systems have individual microprocessors built into the lenses. Each lens has an individual motor for optimum focusing speed. The connection between the lens and camera is electronic, not mechanical.

Data transmission is thus instantaneous. Creativity is at your fingertips.

And so, even when you're using an EF300mm

I

9s8

23. American

villain

+"

-)"â .Ð

occasionally employed by forger (5) 24. Remiss and lacking direction he's mean (5) 25. Jack and

Bill have

a

kind ofbanana (5)

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''

The way our children see the world depends on how it's shown to them.

It has been said that although children

have never been good at listening to their elders, they never fail to imitate them.

Today's children will one day take over from us. Continuing to shape what has become one of the world's major economic and trading forces. For they are the future of Hong Kong.

And no matter where their futures take them, through the ranks of business or the corridors of power, no other company will be as directly involved in every facet of their lives as Hutchison \Ă&#x2DC;hampoa. From providing life's daily necessities to the homes they live in. From the power of electricity to space age telecommunications. Not just todaÂĄ but tomorrow and in the years that lie ahead.

Hutchison Whampoa Limited Hutchison \Ă&#x2DC;hampoa. Part of today's world.