Eye Bolt, Eye Screws, L Screws, Hook Screws
Concrete Screws, Chipboard Screws
Wood screws, Hex washer head flange screws
Shuntong Road, Huangqiao Hardware Parts Park, Haiyan County, Zhejiang Provice Of China
T : 86-573-86466866 ; 86-573-86466288
F : 86-573-86466166 ; 86-573-86970785
E : manager@woodscrew.com.cn ; hank@woodscrew.com.cn http://www.fastener-world.com.tw/yuanyang/
www.non-standardfasteners.com
by Fastener World
Founded in 2004, Hisener started as a screws and threaded rods maker and now has become a global premium supplier of various fasteners under the leadership of general manager Simon Liang. The company firmly pursues quality, competitive price and on-time delivery as its business principles, thereby satisfying the needs of clients in Europe, the U.S., Russia, South America and other places in the world.
Hisener is a well-known supplier highly anticipated by the European market. This year they exhibited at the biennial Fastener Fair Stuttgart again to show their achievement over the last two years. “We promoted “Timber Screw” this year which is one of our top sellers, since we have been improving the quality of this product for the past few years. Plus, our new galvanizing line will be launched this year which we hope will upgrade our quality to a higher level,” general manager Liang commented.
In recent years Hisener has been developing the European DIY market. “We have been in contact with a few large construction companies in Europe since 2018. Right now we have several large projects for the DIY market under discussion. I believe our capacity of DIY products will set a new record in 2019.”
Hisener controls quality through a series of measures to comply with the quality-stringent European market. “Our whole manufacturing process follows the strict requirements of the ISO 9001:2015 quality management system, and every year we do corresponding audits and make adjustments. We also implement ERP to monitor our products and if there is something wrong about quality, we can trace the cause through this system,” said general manager Liang.
Hisener was certified to ISO 9001:2015 and the European CE EN 14592 in 2017, and then CE EN 14566 last year. These certificates prove that Hisener is constantly improving and lifting its quality grade. “Each of our certificates is a commitment to our clients that we must deliver the optimal products to them.” He stressed. “Our current concern is to level up and prioritize our management first.”
As one of the largest fastener suppliers in the world, Hisener provides a huge selection of over 4,000 types of products which are mainly targeted to the construction, furniture and household applications. When asked about whether to extend his product line to other fields, he said, “We will expand our current product range and continue to add new products in response to client demand.” Hisener is devoted to new product development for bringing more business to clients.
Currently, Hisener’s global business realm is largely focused on Europe at 35%, followed by Russia at 25%, the U.S. at 20%, South America at 15% and other countries at 5%. And, the turnover in 2018 reached 90 million USD. On future market development, general manager Liang said, “Europe is our first and foremost market, and we are still looking to develop other markets and provide more clients with premium service!”
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Unlike average fastener companies with a focus on iron fasteners, Yushung Metal produces bronze fasteners which are corrosion- and heat-resistant, and some of which with an anti-spark capability. This has drawn a line that iron fasteners can’t get across. Yushung Metal’s main products also include other special fasteners such as screws, bolts and nuts made of bronze (Cu5 included), phosphor bronze or aluminum bronze.
Yushung Metal does not limit its manufacturing capability by only featuring bronze and brass fasteners. It also develops and manufactures copper-nickel-alloy and nickel-base-alloy fasteners, and would try anything to satisfy clients with any demands. To cut the red tapes of purchase for clients and make purchase more convenient, faster and secure, Yushung Metal established one-stop shopping of copper-base- and nickel-base-alloy fasteners where clients can rest assured while they shop.
Since the inception, Yushung Metal set out for the production of highend copper-base-alloy fasteners and satisfying related demands from clients. Its current plant spans around 3,000 square meters, offering the most types of copperbase-alloy fasteners and the fullest range of specifications you could ever find in China and even the world. It has an average monthly capacity of 50 tons and about 200 sets of equipment including screw and bolt heading machines, slotting machines, threading machines, thread cutting machines for wood screws, nut cold forming machines, thread tapping machines, lathes, CNC lathes, stamping machines and inspection equipment.
Yushung Metal was certified to ISO 9001-2015 for its quality control. Mr. David Sun, owner of Yushung Metal, said, “Our belief is to use the best materials to make the best products.” Targeting master importers and users at the front line, Yushung Metal provides best-in-class quality fasteners. It is meticulous about choosing the perfect materials in the beginning of manufacture, and performs batch inspection on incoming materials to ensure the material quality meets its criteria. To ensure quality before mass production, trial production is inspected as well to improve product yield. The post-production process is also under inspection to make sure multiple layers of check produces each batch of outgoing merchandise of the highest quality standard.
The current primary target markets for Yushung Metal are North America and Europe, sharing around 50%. The owner thinks the American and European markets are the primary targets because they have very professional purchasers, are highly mature, and have a larger demand for copper-basealloy fasteners. Yushung Metal is also actively developing new markets. Among many different markets, the owner is eyeing the Middle East and Southeast Asia which he thinks are the most worthwhile markets for development.
Doing business in a competitive international fastener market, the owner said, “We are an all-inclusive copperbase-alloy fastener factory. With products of unique selling points, we have the opportunity to seize markets. We are dedicated to making the purchase reassuring to our clients, users and distributors.” It is the continuous self-improvement for the sake of clients that brings about the good reputation of Yushung Metal.
Dedicated to the field of self-drilling screws for more than two decades, Pointmaster Machinery Co., Ltd. was initially started with only one machine model available for supply. However, as it continues to develop products with customers, listen to their demand and roll out new products, it has now become a specialized self-drilling screw former manufacturer offering the most complete range of models.
Pointmaster was founded in Nov. 1998 and has been just celebrating its 20th anniversary this year. On Jan. 8th 2019 it even reached a milestone for hitting 1,000 sets of self-drilling machines sales. Recalling the time when Pointmaster was just established, General Manager Chi Wei Liao said, “Although it was once rumored that we would soon end the business, and following that, we had a dispute with shareholders, encountered the risk of our plant being auctioned and a 3-year long lawsuit forcing us to be summoned to court for times in Taichung, fortunately, we finally won the case and successfully survived the difficult time.” The delivery of the 1,000th set of machine was indeed a new milestone for Pointmaster and providing high quality service will be always the tenet for Pointmaster in its next 10 years.
The self-drilling screw former is used for producing self-drilling screws only, so the demand for this machine is basically lower than that of other fastener machines. Such a situation, however, does not discourage the passion of Pointmaster for manufacturing self-drilling screw formers. Instead, it aroused its interest in the R&D. As soon as customers file their complaints, Pointmaster will immediately have the products tested and modified to the best condition, no matter how long it will take to solve the problem.
The self-drilling screw formers of Pointmaster can be divided into two structures: one-stroke and two-stroke, and they can be further divided into different types according to sizes of screws for which they are designed to manufacture. The two-stroke structure is designed for manufacturing stainless steel screws, while the one-stroke is designed for manufacturing carbon steel screws. PM-100, PM-100S, PM-200 and PM-210S are all popular models on the market. The manufacturing speed of these models can be up to 600 pcs per minute. In addition to standard models, the special model PM-W250S can be also supplied as per customer’s request. The currently largest model of Pointmaster is able to produce self-drilling screws in the length of 600mm. Pointmaster has also developed a product with many patents, which are made from different cast irons to offer higher rigidity and stronger structure that is 1.25 times the tonnage of other counterparts.
The patented “Dual-Clutch Control System” adopted by Pointmaster can prevent the machine from being affected by inertia and allow it to make a sudden stop in high-speed operation, thus eliminating the quality issue caused by feeding obstruction or die collision and protecting dies and increasing manufacturing efficiency. This is why so many Chinese manufacturers prefer importing their formers through Pointmaster to buying cheaper locally made machines. All machine models of Pointmaster are CE certified and their quality is also recognized in the EU countries.
Contact: Chi Wei Liao
Email: tforever@ms29.hinet.net
by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
When it comes to aftersales service, Pointmaster is definitely second to none. For example, in order to efficiently and immediately solve customers’ problems, Pointmaster set up its repair & service operation right in the fastener manufacturing hub- Gangshan (Kaohsiung), saving much time for its repair staff who used to travel far to fix customers’ problems. It has also associate partners in Guanzhou and Zhejiang offering aftersales service to its Chinese customers. Pointmaster never stops training its own repair staff, and if customers have any problems that they are unable to deal with, Pointmaster can also send its men there to offer realtime technical support.
Current sales of Pointmaster are mostly in overseas markets. The significantly increasing demand in the emerging countries (particularly Vietnam, Indonesia and India) in recent years due to more mature manufacturing conditions has also benefited the order intake of Pointmaster. Considering the establishment of Formosa Ha Tinh Steel Corporation, which later resulted in an investment boom, Pointmaster is also planning to set up a service operation in Ho Chih Ming City. Currently Pointmaster has no exclusive agent and all interested companies are welcomed to contact Pointmaster for further collaboration.
by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World
Continuously writing its successful story with the adherence to high quality, the Italy headquartered industry leading fastener machine designer, developer and manufacturer is now celebrating its 80th year of milestone with a new corporate identity and considering setting forth to further broaden its business reach into the ever-growing Asian market.
Having consolidated its foothold in the European market for decades, The SACMA Group, consisting of Sacma, Ingramatic, OBM and Tecno Lift, not only offers its machines in Europe, but also has established several local service operations and technical centers across Europe, as well as in USA, Brazil, Russia, Turkey and China in order to support its customers worldwide.
In China, for its 80th-year anniversary, Sacma has established its new 800m2 branch in Wuxi, with a team of dedicated sales and aftersales staff to serve both foreign and Chinese enterprises with fasteners production sites in Mainland. The aftersales service team focuses on providing maintenance support along with training to local machine operators. Moreover, the new location will serve as a spare parts warehouse and showroom for new technologies.
In order to meet the demand of Chinese producers, in 2019 Sacma Group has launched its Tooling Engineering Support Service, which aims at helping end-users through the product development process, from tooling design to optimization. The service is led by a team of cold forming experts with decades of experience in fasteners R&D and production.
The premium quality of SACMA is reflected on its unbeatable integrated design and smart utilization of space, SACMA's combined headers are capable to produce one finished part through 3 processes - cold forming, pointing, threading- on the same machine.
"Manufacturing costs are ever increasing year by year, so companies need to invest wisely on high-efficiency equipment", says Valeriano Rampezzotti, President of SACMA GROUP.
"I mean that business have to be forward-looking, if you have one SACMA machine it means you don't have to buy 10 or even 20 machines from other brands, which inevitably results in higher operational and ownership costs".
On the other hand, with our machine you can complete all processes, as, for example, you don’t have to buy one machine for heading, one machine for thread rolling and one machine for pointing. I believe this is why our clients around the world continue to take Sacma into their only one consideration when it comes to long-term cost saving.”
SACMA machines are used for critical cold-formed parts, ranging from bolts to net-shape components of the highest tolerance that is possible to achieve out of a multi-station heading process.
“Our customers serve the world’s topnotch automotive brands, reliability for them is top-priority, hence SACMA is their best choice”.
As Mr. Rampezzotti states “In our plant we use cutting-edge CNC equipment from Switzerland, Japan and Italy to feed our fully-integrated production, we’re the only manufacturer in our industry that produces 100% of its mechanical components in-house. On top of this, we use best quality materials with outstanding mechanical properties, not to mention that we carry out heat and superficial treatments - nitriding, hardening - in order to enhance their long-term performance. As a President, our mission in delivering the best multi-station cold-forming machines is ensured by our strong and continuous commitment.
Today, SACMA Group is the only player on the market that can supply a complete range of forming equipment for the fastener industry, such as combined headers for screws and bolts, five and six die multi-station part formers, stand-alone flat-dies thread-rollers - Ingramatic - as well as vertical feeding systems - Tecno Lift -.
Noticing the emergence of new industries (e.g. electric vehicles) boosting the demand for more special parts in the Asian market, Sacma is convinced that the demand for machines which feature high precision, high performance and high flexibility in this region will definitely show an overwhelming increase. So, where can manufacturers find out machines with all these critical features being included? The answer is, as Valeriano said, “Who else? It’s SACMA!”
Ningbo Weifeng Fastener is one of the leading manufacturers and distributors of fixings and fasteners with rapid growth in China. It has customers from more than 100 countries around the world. With over 13 years of experience in fasteners, Weifeng has supplied quality screws, bolts, nuts, washers, anchors in all shapes and sizes to its business partners in the EU, America, Poland, Romania, Indonesia and so on. OEM and ODM orders are welcomed.
To ensure the products are of marketleading quality, Weifeng produces each item using the latest and modern production machinery from Switzerland and Italy in its facilities. Moreover, it carries out inhouse QC measures at multiple stages in its ISO 9001:2015-certified facilities, storing all results in its central databank. Weifeng makes sure that its manufacturing processes are streamlined and able to yield a high volume of products in a short time without compromising on quality.
"To mabe every building, every bridge, and every house, installed with Weifeng's fasteners" is Weifeng's company mission. As stated in its company vision, "Our customers, both large and small, receive undivided attention, as we treat every one as the only one. Our work with customers is integrated into such an array of products and services and our touch is felt throughout daily life in both workplaces and a home. Weifeng builds products, brands, and a good reputation that is worth your trust."
Weifeng fastens the world, fastens life! We build tomorrow!
Contact: Tony Yin, General Manager Email: tony@wf-fastener.com
Located in Wenzhou (China), Junhao started as a workshop back in 1987, and was registered as a company in 2002. The company is certified to TS16949 international quality assurance and mainly produces standard parts, special profiles, hexagonal bolts and hexagonal socket bolts. Founded upon the pursuit of quality, the company gained multiple awards from the Management Committee of Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone. It continues to invest in technical development, expand corporate scale, update equipment, and increase automation to increase quantity and product types and diversify the product line to cope with all sorts of clients’ demand.
Junhao not only produces fasteners but also develops and manufactures cold headers on its own. It developed cold headers with different functions to cope with different product requirements, and has rolled out 42 types of cold headers depending on different functions and specifications. The main product, DIN7991 fasteners, are manufactured to the German standard with high quality and supplied to the automotive dies industry. The quality check follows the requirement of TS16949. In 2016 Junhao posted a “letter of commitment to quality and corporate credibility” on its website and made the following promises: To increase awareness of quality and social responsibility, fulfill the duty of quality, enhance the employees’ quality control over the whole manufacturing process, establish a system to report quality and safety related accidents, establish a system to strictly implement the accountability on quality and safety, complete the product quality tracing system, and immediately solve client’s complaints about quality. If there is any product not up to the quality standard, Junhao will initiate a recall.
Junhao has bases working under its corporate umbrella: Shanghai Hadiwei Fasteners in charge of warehousing and distribution, and Jiangxi Hadiwei Fasteners responsible for bolt production. Zhejian Youli is responsible for equipment and dies production, and Wenzhou Evershine Material for heat and surface treatment. With a complete supply chain like this, Junhao can not only offer a more convenient production flow, but also monitor quality in real time, control costs, and manage lead time more accurately, placing itself at a relatively price-competitive position. Such business deployment allows each unit to do the best of its job and dig into technical research and quality control.
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Currently Junhao is developing DIN912 grade 12.9 steel structural bolts. During the development, Junhao was troubled by the shortage of material supply. It took a lot of communication with multiple steel plants before Junhao found the current one to collaborate with and broke the bottleneck. Junhao continues to invest in equipment to increase capacity which is currently at 15,000 tons. Its facility has a big factory spanning 150 thousand square meters, two apartments, one office, an event venue, fire fighting equipment, eco-friendly processing equipment, safety equipment. The complete range of equipment shows how much the company cares about the employees’ working environment.
Junhao's contac t: Mrs. Cather y Zhou
Email: admin@wzjunhao.com
Currently over 60% of Junhao’s products are exported and sold to Europe. The company thinks it is worthwhile to develop the U.S. and South America for their huge market size. After acquiring the ISO9001 certificate, the company continued to improve its quality and passed TS16949, and is now looking to acquire a CE certificate. In light of the U.S./China trade war, Junhao said, “To us, it means adjustment and opportunity. From a short-term perspective, the trade war would be a challenge, but in a broader view, it is an opportunity to step out of the comfort zone, adjust our mindset, adapt to the new environment, and come up with new ideas and strategies. If we keep examining the situation ahead carefully, adjusting and improving ourselves, the situation will turn around better for us.”
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Known for its non-standard parts, Goodway provides customized service in supplying various fasteners, cold-headed parts, hot-formed parts, stamped parts, machined parts, and special profiles. The company provides products in carbon steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum and many other materials to cope with different demands. The available size range covers M3 - M72.
Goodway’s all-inclusive product line can satisfy the needs of customers. Thanks to the abundant, diverse and customized options Goodway now has clients throughout the U.S., Canada, Europe and many other countries. In just a few years after its inception, Goodway gained a strong foothold in the international market. By implementing and integrating the four cores— quality, price, service, marketing— it built and spread its reputation over the international market within a few years.
In 2011 Goodway passed the ISO 9001:2015 certification. It practically conducts inspection of pre-production, in-production and post-production packaging, and therefore, the product quality always exceeds the expectation of international clients. It takes quality inspection very seriously, so its plant has a complete range of full inspection equipment, including plug gages, ring gages, calipers, hardness testers and projectors.
Specialized in the export of non-standard fasteners and parts, Goodway has most of its products tailored according to clients’ drawings to reduce purchase costs for clients. It helps them develop products, communicates with them, provides trial manufacture and seeks to provide the most price-competitive products. By improving efficiency on the production process, it significantly reduces lead time. Such time/cost saving and highly efficient way of manufacturing made Goodway’s products favored by customers from Germany, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, South Korea, the U.S. and Canada in the automotive, aerospace, agricultural, construction and DIY industries. Its most competitive products are those having gone through secondary processing after cold
Goodway’s high-end manufacturing equipment include 11B/14B/19B/24B/6-die cold headers, threading machines, CNC machines and stamping machines. The diversity of equipment satisfies the needs of various customization. Goodway does not limit its own bounds in terms of products and fields, and its target has always been helping clients develop and manufacture new products. With the mission statement of “customer satisfaction”, Goodway’s service advantage is best emerged by its capability in taking customized orders.
“Our products have reliable quality of competitive prices. We deliver products on time and provide satisfying service,” said General Manager Jack Chang, “We have a very large number of returned customers from traders to distributors and users who have never complained about our service and have given us positive feedback.” As far as Goodway with strengths in equipment and service, its goal has always been providing clients with good products and service. Goodway wants nothing but keeps offering customers more high quality products. Goodway's contac t: General Manager Jack Chang
COVENTYA is an international group of companies specializing in designing, manufacturing and serving specialty chemicals for the surface treatment industry. Headquartered close to Paris France, COVENTYA spans the globe with more than a dozen affiliates which provide identical products and customer services to a variety of applicators or end users in the manufacturing industry.
Today, COVENTYA has nine Research and Development centers, located in Italy, Germany, France, UK, USA, South Korea and Turkey, each with a specific purpose related to the strength of its local industries. With a full line of products that find use in many industries from automobiles and oil fields to computers and fashion, it is clear that COVENTYA products touch our lives each and every day.
COVENTYA Surface Treatment Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was solely invested and established by the Group in 2005 and officially entered China market since then. After over a decade of growth, the company successively set up branch offices in Wuhan, Changchun, Dongguan, and Qingdao, and built up a large amount of
high-quality customers. In order to provide the customers with better and more comprehensive products and services, the Group expanded the investment in China. A new factory was built in 2018 on the self-purchased land in Xushuguan Town, New District, Suzhou City and renamed as COVENTYA Environmental Plating Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd. The new factory covers an area of 12,500 m 2 , with a building area at around 10,000 m 2 . With 20,000 tons of annual capacity, it became the largest production site of the Group. The Technical Center covers an area of 1,200 m 2. A series of technical services including sampling, bath analysis, parts performance tests will be provided with the facilities and equipment installed.
COVENTYA has embarked on a quest to interweave an eco-conscious approach to every aspect of our business. A commitment to sustainability within our organization that directs us as we pursue a collective bottom line: People, Planet, Profit.
COVENTYA’s contact: Ms. Hui Li Email: h.li@coventya.com.cn
by Dean Tseng,
Komuro Industry has had more than half a century of history since its inception in 1954 in Osaka when it was solely dedicated to the manufacture and R&D of self-tapping screws and then expanded into a comprehensive product line of screws and parts. Today, its products include: self-tapping screws (with or without washers) and bolts of JIS standard and various recess types (hexalobular, hexagon, square, etc.); “Three-Tight” screws (where the shank portion is in a triangle shape like a Japanese triangular rice ball, namely an “Onigiri”, to have better performance than tapping screws); cold formed parts; special-material and specially-machined parts; anti-loosening screws; surface-treated screws.
At the time of our interview with Komuro Industry Product R&D Director, Mr. Shigenori Tanomuro, he said the company has rolled out a remarkable new breed of self-tapping screws named “High Tension Screw 100”. The name implies the screw can penetrate 100kg (980Mpa) steel plates with no thread damage. How did this invention come about, I asked, and the Director replied, “The industry is seeing an increasing number of automotive makers using ultra-high-tension steel plates (100kg, 130kg) to facilitate automotive lightweighting. That was why we started to invent the new screw.” Before the invention, Komuro Industry received feedback from clients that former tapping screws would wear out in contact with hard materials and up to 30% of them would go wasted in an automotive production line accordingly, and even worse, ruin the expensive materials because of damaged holes.
To tackle that, Komuro Industry worked on reducing the proportion of carbon while substantially increasing the amount of manganese and other alloy elements to improve the hardening effect. And then, heat treatment follows to refine the grain structure to improve internal tenacity, prevent the head breaking off from the screw and delayed fracture. The resulting “High Tension Screw 100” is now a patented product which not only works on ultra-high-tension steel plates, but also woods, resin and other hard materials used by various industries.
Komuro Industry is targeting zero-defect quality through several measures. Certified to ISO9001•14001 (2015), it is meticulous about talent training, systemized manufacturing management, and particularly inspection including daily onsite checks, pre-shipment product check by visual sorting machines, torque analyzers, tensile strength testers, digital microscopes, and visual specification measuring instruments. The company can also provide PPAP, JAMA, chemSHERPA ICP MSDS, IMDS, and CMRT documents.
Komuro Industry joined forces with a Japanese designer and came up with a unique screw in 2017 with a smiley face instead of a mundane “+” or “-” recess on the screw head. The motivation behind this screw was to inspire the joy and surprise of discovering a smile as you are walking on the ordinary streets. Purchasers of this screw are encouraged to install it anywhere and anytime they want, and they can upload a snapshot of the installed screw to a map for others to discover where the screw appears and how it is used. The goal for this screw, said the Director, is to bring the little changes of joy to the daily life and hopefully it will make a difference in the collective mind of the mankind.
In April 2019, Komuro Industry completed expanding its plant to make more room for a complete range of production equipment, and better warehousing. The Director said the company is working on new technical innovation on recess processing, and automatic rubber and nylon washer assembly for cost reduction and consistent product supply. Although so far the company has yet to conduct direct sales with overseas customers and is currently selling products to them via domestic traders, the Director said it is now considering options to strike deals directly with them in the future.
100 The EU Announces the Latest Fastener Trade Statistics for 2018
102 Analysis of Fastener and Car Trade Between China and USA in 2018 x Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
the Most Types of
104 Analysis of Fastener Trade in Poland in 2018 x Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
111 2018 Financial Reports of Fastener Companies
124 Statistics and Trend Analysis of Russia’s Fastener Import and Export in 2018 x Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani
127 Overview of China’s Fastener Machinery Market x Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani teChNOlOgy 98 Locking Fasteners Part 3 x Guy Avellon 139 Fasteners Synergism x Jozef Dominik
141 A Spectrum of Fasteners x Peter Standring
144 Treatments & Tests of Electroplated Coatings on Steel Fasteners x Wei-Ming Wang
滙達全球採購網，提供您最完整的產業訊息及採購需求！
2019上海緊固件專業展暨第十屆上海汽車緊固件展 台灣展商展前宣傳專輯
國家會展中心（上海）
From the 26-28 June 2019 a vast number of the industry’s leading companies will convene in Shanghai. Following the significant success of the recent 2018 exposition, which brought 633 exhibitors, 2019 sees a growth to over 700 exhibitors and 30,000 visitors. Occupying 60,000 sqm, next year promises an impressive display of products including non-standard pieces, fasteners for industrial application, fastener manufacturing technology and equipment, mould and consumables for fasteners, raw materials, and even related support products and techniques.
The 10-year anniversary will also mark the expansion into a new type of fastener: ITE is proud to introduce building fasteners, an unique area never showcased before. The 2019 Exposition hopes to provide an interactive and unique experience for all those involved; Face-toface services will also be offered allowing visitors to be matched with exhibitors in advance and a variety of seminars and conferences will be available allowing visitors to further expand their understanding of the industry.
2019上海緊固件專業展暨第十屆上海汽車緊固件展 （FE S2 019）將於2 019 年 6月2 6 -28日在國家會展中心 盛大舉行！FE S深耕行業近十載，始終秉著專業、高效、 開放、創 新 的宗旨不斷發 展壯大，堪 稱全 球緊固件 行業 的 標 杆盛 會。展會彙聚國內外知名緊固件 生 產商，同時 展出緊固件配套設備、模具、線材等產品，為緊固件 行業 人士提供 站式採購平臺。
2 019 年正 值F E S 展 會 的 十周年，主 辦方將 繼 續以 “ 匠心”精 神 打 造 個 升 級 版 的 緊 固 件 專 業 展，開 闢 “建築緊固件”品牌，並進 步擴大“汽車及高強度緊固 件展區”，是“工 業”和“建 築”兩大 緊固件 領域 的不二 之 選，引領未來 發 展 趨勢。展會同期 還將 舉辦 系列精 彩 紛呈的 會 議活 動，是 個集商貿、交流 和學習為 體 的年度行業高端盛會！
台灣代理: 滙達展覽有限公司 (承辦人: 陳怡婷小姐 foreign@fastener-world.com.tw)
Spotlight on Taiwan Pavilion
台灣館聚焦
FASTENER WORLD INC. 惠達雜誌社
T +886-6-2954000 F +886-6-2953939
E foreign@fastener-world.com.tw
Contact: Ms. Tina Chen www.fastener-world.com.tw
Products: Fastener World Magazine, China Fastener World Magazine, Hardware & Fastener Components Magazine, Emerging Fastener Markets Magazine, Fastener World Europe Special Edition
產品：螺 絲世 界雙 月刊、螺 絲世 界 中國 國際版、五金/零組件/螺絲半年刊雜誌、 全球新興國家螺絲特刊、歐洲螺絲特刊
HAO MOU NUT MFG. CO., LTD.
豪茂螺帽工廠股份有限公司
T +886-7-6229300 F +886-7-6222249
E jonghao@haomou.com.tw
Contact: Mr. Jonghao Su www.fastener-world.com.tw/hao-mou
T +886-5-2380959 F +886-5-2381569
E info@soonport.com
Contact: Ms. Lynn Chen
www.soonport.com
Products: Collated Screws, Drywall Screws, SelfDrilling Screws, Customized Screws, Roofing Screws, Self-Tapping Screws, Special Coating Screws, Machine Screws, Stainless Steel Screws, Thread Rolling Screws, Chipboard Screws, Wood Screws, Carriage Bolts
產品：鍊帶螺絲、乾牆 螺絲、鑽尾螺絲、客製化螺絲、屋頂螺絲、自攻螺絲、特 殊 塗料螺絲、機械螺絲、不鏽鋼螺絲、三角牙螺絲、塑板螺絲、木螺絲、馬車螺絲
3C129 3C131
Products: Non-Standard Nuts, Welding Nuts, Clinch Nuts
產品：非標準件螺帽、焊接螺帽、壓入螺帽
NEWREX CORPORATION
奇貿股份有限公司
T +886-7-3431583 F +886-7-3431683
E sales@newrex.com.tw
Contact: Ms. Jany Lien www.newrex.com.tw
Products: Specialized in Per Print Parts/Open Die/CNC/Assembled Parts
產品：客製化產品/多沖程/車修件/組裝件 3C138
鋒泉螺釘股份有限公司
T +886-512-82776368 F +886-512-82776375
E zekhanzek@hotmail.com / vita495220571@126.com
Contact: Mr. Zek Lin www.fontec.com.tw / www.szfontec.com
Products: Semi Tubular Rivets, Special Rivets And Screws, Screws Sets, Pins
產品：中空鉚釘、特殊鉚釘及螺絲、公母組、銷、機加工產品
TRANSWAY ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.
創維產業股份有限公司
3C132
T +886-4-22713935 F +886-4-22713961 E transway@transway-tools.com
Contact: Mr. Jake Hsieh www.tranway.com.tw
Products: Screwdriver Bits, Power Bits, Bit Sockets, Socket Wrench Sets, Impact Socket Wrench Sets
產品：螺絲刀頭、螺絲批頭,螺絲頭套筒、套筒板手、氣動套筒板手
翔勁金屬股份有限公司
T +886-4-7360805 F +886-4-7350874
E sgcarbide@sgcarbide.com.tw
Contact: Mr. Hank Hsieh www.sgmetal.com.tw
3C150
Products: Dies, Segmented Dies (Six Die), Nut Forming Dies, TOES Lobe Dies, Comprehensive Mold (Trimming Dies, Cutting Dies, Clamping Jaws)
產品：模 具、拼 接多片模（六片模）、螺絲頭部成形切 模、T OE S 梅 花模、綜 合模 具（剪模、切模、夾爪）、沖棒
Compiled by Fastener World
Shanghai World Expo Exhibition & Convention Center
Continuing the good reputation earned in the first edition held in 2018, International Fastener Show China 2019 will utilize bigger exhibiting space (42,000 sq. m), have more exhibitors (+800), arrange more stands (+2,000) and welcome more than 30,000 visitors from at least 60 countries.
Hall 1 and Hall 2 will be open for the show this year. The former is for Equipment and Devices,
Fastener Fair Mexico
06/19-20
World Trade Centre, Mexico City
such as fastener manufacturing equipment, inspection devices, assembly/installation & repair instruments, molds & dies and related technical service, while the latter is for Products, such as fasteners, automotive fasteners, aerospace/military fasteners, construction fasteners/connecting parts and fasteners for other industrial use.
As one of the most influential trade shows in Asia and the world, IFS China is a good platform to facilitate the exchange and development of the global fastener industry. “We are dedicated to making IFS China a must-attend annual event for the global fastener industry. The annual IFS China will be the bridge connecting Chinese fastener industry and the global fastener professionals, which can facilitate exchange within the industry and create business opportunities for every participant.
According to the survey conducted for the 2018 edition, more than 80% of the visitors were from high-level management or purchasing and R&D divisions which may have the power to influence the decisions of their companies. The survey also shows that more than 70% of the visitors in 2018 were fastener manufacturers and traders.
Fastener Fair Mexico covers all areas of the fastener and fixing industry and provides real insight into industry trends and key information about the latest developments in this sector. The exhibition is the international platform for manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and suppliers of fastener and fixing technology. Over 150 exhibitors from Belgium, China, Germany, Mexico, Taiwan, Turkey and United States, among others, exhibited in Fastener Fair Mexico 2018. At Fastener Fair Mexico, products and services from the following industry sectors will be presented:
•Industrial fasteners and fixings
•Construction fixings
•Assembly and installation systems
•Fastener manufacturing technology
•Storage, distribution, factory equipment
•Information, communication and services
06/19-21
On a total area of 21,546 square meters, Korea Metal Week 2019 will be held from June 19 (Wed.) to 21 (Fri.) at Hall 2~3, Exhibition Center 1, KINTEX in Goyang City, S. Korea.
In 2019, Korea Metal Week will exhibit more wide-ranging and gather more sellers & buyers by newly-launching Control, Measurement and Automation applicable to fastener industry.
- Fastener & Wire various exhibits will be shown as below.
- Bolt / Nut Products & Equipment
- Automobile Parts / Fastening Products & Subsidiary Materials
- Wire Production & Manufacturing
Also, it will concurrently be held with Press & Forging, Tools, Automobile & Machine Parts, Tube & Pipe, 3D Technology, Foundry & Die Casting, Fundamental Manufacturing Industry, Aluminum, Metal Surface Treatment & Painting, Laser & Welding, Pump Technology, Composite, Control, Measurement and Automation.
Subtitled‘ Advanced & Convergence Technology’, Korea Metal Week 2019 will invite experts of global automobile company such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen, etc
as keynote speakers. Also, through group invitation of their purchase department, the match-making service will be provided to the exhibitors for business meetings.
Although Korea is not a big market in Asia, Korea Metal Week is the best marketing place to see the trend of the latest technologies in relevant industry.
06/26-28
National Exhibition & Convention Center (Shanghai)
From the 26-28 June 2019 a vast number of the industry’s leading companies will convene in Shanghai. Following the significant success of the recent 2018 exposition, which brought 633 exhibitors, 2019 sees a growth to over 700 exhibitors and 30,000 visitors. Occupying 60,000 sqm, next year promises an impressive display of products including non-standard pieces, fasteners for industrial application, fastener manufacturing technology and equipment, mould and consumables for fasteners, raw materials, and even related support products and techniques.
The 10-year anniversary will also mark the expansion into a new type of fastener: ITE is proud to introduce building fasters, an unique area never showcased before. The 2019 Exposition hopes to provide an interactive and unique experience for all those involved; Faceto-face services will also be offered allowing visitors to be matched
to exhibitors in advance and a variety of seminars and conferences will be available allowing visitors to further expand their understanding of the industry.
Hand Tools & Fastener Expo
09/20-22
Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai, India
09/18-19
The Mandalay Bay Convention Center
The Indian subcontinent’s largest and only sourcing point for quality Hand Tools, Power Tools & Fasteners will showcase quality, special and high-end hand tools, power tools,fasteners and specialty tools etc. used in the industries such as automobile & auto service, heavy engineering, construction & infrastructure, woodworking & furniture, gardening & horticulture, aviation, etc.
The well-established event will be the confluence of the international & national hand tools, power tools & fastener manufacturers,
and key personnel from the industries in special focus, distributors/retailers, exporters, industrial suppliers etc. It is here that the future oriented information exchange, discussions, decisions, buying-selling and investments will take place. The event features a wide range of latest product in the related segments from Indian and international manufacturers & suppliers. The HAND TOOLS AND FASTENER EXPO 2019 has exclusive pavilions for manufacturers from China and Taiwan.
Registration is now open at www.fastenershows.com for the International Fastener Expo (IFE) 2019, the largest and most established business-to-business tradeshow of every type of fastener, machinery and tooling, and industrial-related products in North America. IFE 2019 will take place at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center, Bayside D & E, in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Every year, IFE brings together 5,000 attendees and 850 exhibiting companies from the entire supply chain, including manufacturers, master distributors, distributors, and OEMs. VIP attendees at IFE are consistently included in Industrial Distribution’s Big 50 List and exhibitors are among the top international and domestic manufacturers, material suppliers, tooling and machinery providers and ancillary services.
The Fastener Exhibition and Conference, Birmingham 09/11-12 NEC
The Fastener Exhibition and Conference is expected to welcome 3,000 key buyers & decision makers from leading manufacturers, international wholesalers, OEM's and local stockists from the Fastener & Fixing Industry. The exhibition provides fastener companies with a dedicated platform to showcase their innovations, exchange expertise and develop business partnerships. It also acts as a trading forum and networking environment, offering valuable insights into future technologies and market trends.
Fastener Poland 10/08-09
EXPO Krakow International Exhibition and Convention Centre International Fastener Show
Exhibitors and visitors to Fastener Poland will have opportunity for the third time to present their offer, target potential business partners, initiate cross-border contacts and long-lasting co-operations, exchange experiences. 190 exhibitors took part in the previous edition, up to 64% of the exhibitors were companies from foreign countries, including China, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Spain, South Korea, India, Germany,Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, USA and Italy. Visitor statistics were also quite impressive: 4,000 visitors, 26% of whom were from foreign countries: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, France, Israel, Russia, Ukraine. Visitors represented such industries as metal
This year, India has been selected as IFE’s Global Spotlight Country. Debuted in 2018, participating exhibitors of the selected country have the opportunity to display their products within the Global Spotlight-designated area on the show floor.
IFE 2019 plans to again host a robust conference schedule with highlights on technology, leadership and business management, and tariffs.
New for IFE 2019 is “Preview Hours” on Wednesday, Sept. 17. Opening from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m., attendees and U.S. suppliers will have the opportunity to meet with manufacturers in Machinery and Tooling and international exhibitors in SourceGlobal in Exhibit Hall E. The Exhibit Hall D will open at 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. and resume normal show hours on Thursday from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
The main focus of the show will be responding to the trends of the fastener industry; how the changing innovation within the manufacturing industry directly affects the fastener and fixing industry, and how those who respond to those needs most efficiently will grow their businesses very quickly. The education at the event will consist of a series of seminars, panel debates, demo’s and masterclasses, focusing on trends, debates, solutions, the future of the industry designed to give manufacturing business leaders the knowledge that they need to make the right decisions for their businesses going forward.
processing, automotive, joinery, construction, furniture and others.
The exhibitors also appreciated the good organization and atmosphere that accompanied the event.
“The second edition of FASTENER POLAND® showed that the fastener industry continues to grow. For our company, it was an opportunity to forge new business contacts in Poland and beyond and meet our current partners. We appreciate the lengths the organizers went to in order to ensure visitor comfort at the event. We hope that the amazing atmosphere of this year's edition will help make the trade show grow in the future. See you next year!“ Adam Dobrzewiński, CEO at ABAKOSTEEL s.c.
Join us for the 3rd FASTENER POLAND Trade Show on 8th9th October 2019 at the EXPO Krakow, Poland!
M-Tech Osaka 10/02-04
INTEX
As the western Japan's largest manufacturing B to B trade show, 2019 show is expected to have 1,350 exhibitors and 42,000 visitors.
<Why visit>
1.See the latest industry's products and solutions
2.West Japan's largest show with 1,350 exhibitors
3.Close to famous tourist attraction spot
4.Enjoy Japanese extraordinary hospitality
In addition to many Japanese companies, Manufacturing World Osaka also gathers manufacturing companies from other parts of the world. There were 1,233 exhibitors, including 230 international exhibitors participated in 2018. Regional pavilions from mainland China, Taiwan, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam were part of the attraction in previous show. The organizer expects a record breaking of 1,350 exhibitors from all over the world this year!
In 2018, the Sichuan provincial government identified key industry sectors and priority development areas across 21 cities and prefectures. The focus was to provide support for the 5+1 industrial strategy, while driving development in five trillion-yuan scale sectors spanning ICT, equipment manufacturing, food & beverage, advanced materials, energy and chemistry. The city of Meishan, a leading industrial base, lies in the crossroads of
10/02-04
Meishan Convention and Exhibition Center
the “one core + one belt + two corridors” development structure. Traditional manufacturing, such as display, optic communications and highend circuits continue to grow in the city, while emerging sectors such as AI, information security, IoT, Big Data, cloud computing, mobile internet, digital entertainment and smart industrial-control equipment are gaining momentum. The electronics industry “blue sea” is ready and available for business exploration.
NEPCON West China 2019 has seen five successful instalments since its Chengdu inception in 2010, offering an annual regional event as part of the NEPCON China series focused on West China. The upcoming instalment will take place at Meishan Conference and Exhibition Center from 15-17 October. As an upgrade over previous events, this year, over 200 leading brand names will participate to attract over 6,000 trade visitors. Participating companies will seize the opportunity to generate leads in Meishan’s emerging markets, while expanding to other regions such as Ya’an, Leshan, Yibin, Zigong, Luzhou, Neijiang, Ziyang, Suining, Chengdu and Chongqing.
Taiwan Hardware Show 10/17-19
Taichung International Exhibition Centre
THS provides exclusive opportunities for foreign companies to meet Taiwanese manufacturers with unique competencies to manufacture complex hardware. International buyers will experience robust sourcing at THS and can later explore the manufacturing facilities of prospective partners directly in Taichung, the heart
of Taiwan’s hardware manufacturing hub. Taiwan’s top hardware OEM, ODM and OBM as well as international brands and suppliers continue to showcase new high-competitive value products to global buyers at the country’s biggest hardware exhibition. THS frontlines Taiwan’s valued capabilities in producing hardware that are top-grade, high-value, competitive prices, diversely customized and rapid demand from worldwide buyers. With proven quality excellence record, international buyers can establish mutually beneficial business relationships with local companies to have their hardware products manufactured in Taiwan.
Fastener Trade Show Suzhou 10/23-25
Suzhou International Expo Center
As one of the most specialized fastener exhibitions in the world and a widely expected fastener event, the 19th Fastener Trade Show is dedicated to connecting the upstream and downstream of fastener manufacturing industry. Focusing on end users and building a global fastener trade platform are the highlights of the show.
Suzhou, one of the central cities in Yangtze River Delta, is the most developed and modern cities in Jiangsu Province. In addition, Suzhou enjoys a very convenient transportation with only 80 km away from Shanghai, and less than 200 km away from Jiaxing, Wuxi, Ningbo, Hangzhou and many other fastener manufacturing bases. Therefore, the Suzhou show can not only help visitors easily connect with most of the fastener manufacturers in China, but also provide them with a good chance to visit the fastener factories.
In recent years, the Suzhou show has expanded into two halls, respectively the Fastener Hall and the Equipment Hall, with total exhibition space of 12,000 sqm. The 19th Fastener Trade Show Suzhou will continue strong momentum with expected
more than 400 fastener and supporting manufacturers worldwide. Therefore, the show will offer a great opportunity for professional buyers to do one-stop purchasing of fastener products, production equipment and auxiliary products, as well as raw materials.
According to the statistics of previous Suzhou shows, visitors came from 40 countries and regions around the world. It is expected that the 19th Fastener Trade Show Suzhou will attract over 12,000 local and overseas buyers. More information about Fastener Trade Show, please visit www.fastenertradeshow.net
Moscow International Tool Expo 11/05-08
Expocentre Fairgrounds
11/14-17
Egypt International Exhibition Center
MITEX Moscow provides an excellent platform for all the leading players from the hardware and tools industry to showcase their products with latest innovations under one roof to all the Russia and CIS regional markets.
Since many years MITEX has different sections at the fair like MITEX 3D & Smart, MITEX Barbecue MITEX Cleaning, MITEX Fastener, MITEX Garden, MITEX Measuring & Testing, MITEX Painting MITEX Storage & Safety & MITEX Welding.
MACTECH will be held at the prestigious venue Egypt International Exhibition center during the period of 14-17 November 2019; as a distinctive trade event; where steady stream of consistent amazing arrays of metalworking, CNC machinery industrial tools, welding and cutting equipment are obtainable in a prevailing mood; escalating the industrial community’s awareness of trends and tendencies in a market that is poised to be the world’s next foremost industrial hub.
Gathering the world’s brightest minds in metalworking, CNC machinery industrial tools, welding and cutting equipment; whilst adding-in new pulse and overwhelming insights to the markets it served; MACTECH acts as the most comprehensive tightly focused trade exhibition serving thousands of Egypt’s most vigorous welloff industrialists, representing millions of dollars in investment chattels; in search for a stepping-stone towards sourcing the most advanced machinery and equipment.
12/04-08
The Exhibition Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
At the fair you can get an insight into new professional tools and equipment of domestic and foreign manufacturers and compare their offers to choose the best ones.
Finally you can say: MITEX –YOUR TOOL TO GROW INTO NEW MARKETS
For 18 consecutive editions; “MACTECH”; indeed; has shown power to reach, target and attract thousands of qualified trade buyers; structuring the most influential compact trading alliances in industrial markets; the show is targeting 18,000 visitors in 2019.
The Indian industrial fastener market can be segmented into high tensile fasteners and mild steel fasteners. Growing automotive and auto ancillary sector, increasing infrastructure and construction activities, developing heavy engineering industry comprise some of the key factors propelling the industrial fastener market in India.
The market has huge opportunities with an increase in upcoming manufacturing activities in the defense and automotive sectors. Indian industrial fastener market is poised to grow over the coming years along with the steady economic growth of the country.
Over the years, ENGIMACH has been one of the prime contributors to the development of the machine tools industry, that enables its participants and visitors with cutting edge and power house technology that stands for engineering excellence, innovation, quality and reliability. ENGIMACH is not just a trade show but a platform to see, understand and learn where the industry is heading to. The showcase at ENGIMACH shall offer a quintessential launch pad for new ideas, products and services, a conducive environment for forging joint ventures, collaborations and an open marketplace to source ideal solutions with an anticipated 1,00,000 visitors and beneficiaries.
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Istanbul Hardware Fair took place March 14 to 17 in Istanbul which is full of business opportunities by neighboring the Middle East, Europe, and Africa. This Fair was also considered by buyers from Turkey and many neighboring European countries to be one of the most important hardware fairs in the world. The geographical advantage of Istanbul drew many manufacturers and buyers to the Fair to look for business opportunities. Turkey has a population of above 80 million with a considerable domestic market and vibrant demand in the automotive components and construction industries. The forthcoming business opportunities are very promising.
The Fair was held in Hall 9 and Hall 10 of Istanbul Expo Center this year. A total of 153 exhibitors took part in this event, and 142 Turkish exhibitors made up the largest exhibitors group. Other exhibitors from around the world included those from Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and China. China made up the largest overseas exhibitors group and Wiha from Germany was also present as one of the exhibitors. The Fair this year displayed hand tools, electric tools, gardening tools, DIY tools and accessories. Fastener exhibitors were relatively fewer and Sormat, a major fastener company in Turkey, appeared at the show as well.
Our correspondent reported that there were many small and medium traders at the Fair who trade various hardware and tools. An interviewee said he once visited Taiwan Hardware Show before and was very impressed with the quality and cost performance ratio of Taiwanese products. Most of the visitors to this Fair were local companies. Exhibitors were there for exchange of know-how and showcase of their latest products. The Fair was located where there is good public transport. The Fair was adjacent to the main traffic line and was only one stop away by subway from the airport.
The biennial Fastener Fair Stuttgart entered its 8th edition. It is the world’s largest show for the fastener industry with not only European exhibitors but also exhibitors from Asia, Southeast Asia, India and the Americas who attend almost every year. Around 170 exhibitors came from Taiwan which became the third largest exhibiting country of the 8th edition. The show had two Taiwan Pavilions, one located in Hall 5 and the other in Hall 1, and both were aimed to offer a complete fastener supply chain for global buyers. According to the organizer, 987 exhibitors from 45 countries came to exhibit on the total 22,200 sqm exhibition space. Compared to the last edition, the number of exhibitors increased by 10% and the total exhibition space increased by 5%.
This 3-day event drew buyers from around the world including Europe, South Africa, Argentina, Russia and the U.S, who hoped to find more fastener purchase platforms there. According to the data released by the organizer, a total of 12,070 visitors from 90 countries (+3% compared to the last edition) came to Stuttgart to discover the latest trends and products from all areas of fastener and fixing technology and to network with other industry experts.
Feedback from Taiwanese exhibitors is also very positive. Many of them expressed their high interest in participation in the next edition of FF Stuttgart in 2021. Prior to the Fair, the Taiwan agent of FF Stuttgart, Fastener World, has been doing a lot to promote these Taiwanese exhibitors and sent more than 50,000 copies of our magazines to global fastener buyers (particularly in the EU) as well as e-news to enhance promotion worldwide. Many buyers said Fastener World’s publications and online B2B platform provide complete and fast search for global suppliers.
We interviewed Bülte, Ambrovit and Saima, the annual participants of the show, who said their primary goal at the show was to announce the launch of new products and meeting with new/existing clients. The exhibitors came from a diversity of industries including materials, finished products, machinery and peripheral products. Everyone wanted to grow business and sales through this biennial event.
During the Fair, Fastener World also arranged for Taiwanese exhibitors factory tours to the assembly plant of M. Benz and the plant of Bosch. The Stuttgart-based Benz car assembly plant produces around 600,000 units of cars per year, while the plant of Bosch allows visitors to experience what Industry 4.0 is and shows how AI is utilized to analyze and optimize the supply chain. After the tours, participants were all quite impressed by the excellent manufacturing of Germany. In addition, participants also visited Mercedes Benz Museum, where more than 160 units of classic cars were on display. Some Taiwanese fastener manufacturers after the visits were even thinking about how to utilize the Big Data into their fastener manufacturing, which they believe might be a good help to the realization of industrial transformation.
The next edition of Fastener Fair Stuttgart is scheduled to take place May 18-20, 2021 at Messe Stuttgart.
NEPCON China 2019 embraced its successful conclusion on April 26th, at Shanghai World Expo Exhibition & Convention Center, which has attracted worldwide attention. As a prestigious exhibition in electronics industry, it actively expands its coverage including Surface Mount Technology, Test & Measurement, Electronic Micro-Assembly & Sip Process, Soldering & Dispensing, Electronic Materials and Smart Factory & Automation Technology Expo, with our all-round optimal ideal.
In particular, the display of Smart Manufacturing Dream Factory Conference and China Manufacturing. SMT Production Line as well as several high-end professional seminars, tightly follows the step of this great reform—intelligent manufacturing, which has achieved high reputation.
In this period of three days, over 500 prominent enterprises and brands in the globe attended this electronics banquet. Thanks to our wide influence in this field, NEPCON China 2019 has gained support of all circles. Besides our cooperative partners, associations and mass media, the scale of visitors was extremely spectacular.
In the spirit of research, innovation and optimizing, this highquality pioneering exhibition was dedicated to keeping the pace with this electronic manufacturing chain, making all efforts to build brand image, publicize products and provide the latest techinformation with actual utility. Meanwhile, it’s also committed to offer customized products and service across the board.
This year, NEPCON has already won the appreciation from home and abroad. With the development of high-technology and electronic manufacturing, NEPCON will be no doubt to open a new overwhelming sight.
The advancement of the electronic manufacturing will press ahead despite of the conclusion of NEPCON China 2019. NEPCON Asia - a more prominent electronic exhibition, is going to be open in Shenzhen.
This year, on August 28– 30th , we are waiting for you——all the electronic giants!
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Taipei AMPA co-located with other tradeshows (AUTOTRONICS, TAIWAN ITS, TAIWAN EVS) took place at Hall 1 and Hall 2 of Nangang Exhibition Center from April 24 through 27. The show this year welcomed 1,340 exhibitors and the organizer estimated that the number of oversea buyers reached over 7,000 during the event. As the industry leading fastener sourcing directory, Fastener World Inc., the publisher of “Fastener World Magazine” was also present on the stand no. N0322 (Hall 1) to disseminate our latest fastener and automotive components magazines.
On the opening day, the team of Fastener World met a great number of buyers from other countries and regions, Japan and Southeast Asia in particular, who showed very high interest in Taiwanese made automotive fasteners. Several visitors coming to Fastener World’s stand onsite asked for locknuts and titanium screws. Some buyers also told the staff of Fastener World that they were interested in and considering attending Taiwan International Fastener Show 2020.
Many fastener and hardware suppliers in Taiwan were also present this year, which included Tzong Ji Metals, Karat, Jau Yeou, Top Screw Metal, Evereon Industries, Kai Suh Suh, Mobiletron Electronics, Auto Clamp, Shian Fu, Ching Iee, Dha Juang Car Spare Part, ZXY Technology, Kenlon, etc. According to the organizer’s statistics, 171 overseas exhibitors were from 14 countries and areas, including USA, Japan, UK, Germany, France, India, China, Hong Kong, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Slovenia.
According to TAITRA, in 2018 the export value of automotive components of Taiwan climbed to the record-high USD 7 billion. The show this year was mainly focused on IoT, AI, 5G technology and many others relevant to Taiwan’s automotive fastener manufacturing in the future. According to The MOEA
(Taiwan), the well-developed industrial supply and manufacturing chain is the most significant feature of Taiwanese manufacturing. The MOEA will also try to help industries upgrade themselves through relevant projects and help Taiwanese automotive component suppliers strengthen their competitive edge on the global market.
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Fastener Fair India 2019 was held on April 25 to 26 at Bombay Exhibition Centre (Mumbai). This year most of the visitors were local Indian manufacturers and distributors and the Fair was also concurrently held with the other fairs for building materials and sheet metal with a deluge of incoming visitors. On the opening day lots of visitors came to Fastener World’s stand to get some free copies of Fastener World publications and catalogues, showing the eagerness of local companies to seek for more collaboration.
Brought by Fastener World, companies including Anchor Fasteners, Chite Enterprises, Chang Horng International, Chun Chan Tech, Chirek Fastener, Chien Tsai Machinery, Home Soon Enterprise, Homn Reen Enterprise, Hung Li (Hurmg Yieh) Machinery, King Yuan Dar Metal Enterprise, Sheng Kai Precision Industrial, Yeswin Machinery were also present as exhibitors at the Fair this year. Fastener World also had a stand to disseminate our latest magazines and CDs and tried our best to provide buyers visiting our stand with more detailed information of each of our supplier’s products and increase the awareness of these brands.
Fastener Fair India always takes place in Mumbai in one year and in New Delhi in another year, bringing many business opportunities to companies interested in the large Indian market. Visitors are usually from various industry sectors, such as electronics products, energy & power generation, aerospace, automobiles, telecommunication, furniture and so on. India is one of the fast growing economies in the world and is now the world’s 6th largest economy.
Mumbai, where the Fair took place this year, is the financial hub of India. It is located in the most industrialized State of India and it shares around 13% of the total industrial production value of India. Several worldly renowned car manufacturers (e.g., Piaggio, GE, Fiat India, M. Benz, Porsche, Jaguar, VW, Bajaj Auto, Force Motors, and Mahindra Navistar) also set up their own plants or made investment in the region, which are not far away from the exhibition centre, offering some opportunities to relevant fastener suppliers to connect their business with these potential customers.
The next edition of Fastener Fair India 2020 is slated to take place in New Delhi. Please stay connected to our website for more fair dates and relevant info.
by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
A historical city of culture, Ningbo City has developed into one of the large industrial bases of China, and become an important manufacturing area of automotive components, dies, electric tools, hardware, stainless steel products, rail and transportation equipment, and fasteners. The market there has a large demand for fasteners and components.
After 15 previous shows, the 16th edition was held at Ningbo International Convention and Exhibition Center during April 25 and 27, 2019. The show exhibited standard fasteners, automotive fasteners, stamped parts, materials (steel and wire), fastener equipment, and inspection technology. The show correspondent for Fastener World Magazine said the venue comprised 3 halls and he saw Zhejiang Yeswin Machinery, Zhejiang Chien Tsai Machinery, Ching Chan Machinery and other renowned exhibitors at the show. The total count of exhibitors reached hundreds including 40 fastener-related companies, 10 of which were sorting machine companies. Almost all the exhibitors and visitors were local Chinese people.
Our correspondent handed out China Fastener World Magazines and other publication series for the large request of Chinese visitors who visited our booth. For those who sought for opportunities of collaboration, our staff hooked them up with potential targets through Fastener World’s self-developed B2B platform and bridged the trade of fasteners.
Following China’s Project of Manufacturing 2025, two years ago Ningbo City set a milestone of having an over 7.5% increase of companies with revenues above RMB 20 million. The city has set a target to push the production value of the local critical components industry to RMB 130 billion within 2019 and make Ningbo a world-class manufacturing base of critical components.
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
According to the statistics of the organizers, Manufacturing World Nagoya 2019 attracted 1,150 exhibitors and more than 40,000 visitors in attendance, making the event the largest mechanical relevant trade show in central Japan. 90% of the visitors were professional purchasers from Japan. Exhibitors also demonstrated their highly efficient new products, technology and design and discussed with buyers to see which solution would be the best for them. Publications of Fastener World Inc. having a stand this year were also considered by many visitors to the trade show to be the best-ever supplier directory.
Manufacturing World Nagoya was quite a big trade show. The international pavilion this year included Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, China, etc. Well-known fastener related companies such as A.I.M.Y, Da Yang and Shanghai Rivet Manufacture were also present to exhibit their latest products. Fastener related exhibitors were mostly located in Hall no. 3, while some other mechanical components related exhibitors were located in Hall no. 1 and Hall no. 2. Visitors to the thematic fastener area were mostly traders, distributors and manufacturers. Japanese purchasers also showed high interest in industrial & construction fasteners, threading plates, molds & dies, testing machines, feeding machines, etc. from Taiwan, Europe and USA.
Nagoya is one of the heartlands in the global automotive, aerospace, machine tool supply chain. During the event this year, many well-known companies (including Toyota, Mazda, Mitsubishi Electric and Omron) were invited to give seminars on AI manufacturing, Big Data analysis & application and many other topics related to industries.
by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World
Subcon Thailand took place at BITEC in Bangkok. According to Fastener World’s correspondent onsite, many visitors coming to our stand were looking for fastening products and automotive components. These visitors asking for Fastener World’s latest publications are mostly from local Thailand, USA, Germany, Japan, China, India, etc.
Subcon Thailand 2019 was co-located with Intermach and mta Asia. Several Taiwanese companies had their stands in the three thematic areas. The Taiwanese exhibitors included Tzong Ji Metals, Budstech, Special Rivets Corp, etc., which were present to demonstrate their excellent technique. According to the organizer’s statistics, around 400 high-quality manufacturers from 17 countries came to exhibit and around 25,000 potential buyers from automotive, aerospace, medical and robotics segments visited the show this year.
The statistics also reveal that more than 50% of the visitors coming to the show over the past years were buyers or business owners, and they were mostly from automotive (26%), mechanical processing (19%) and construction (17%) industries.
Thailand is the second largest economy in ASEAN and the automotive industry in the country is very well-developed. The Thai Government is also now actively pushing the introduction of Industry 4.0 into its manufacturing and is planning some relevant economic policies as well to boost the domestic demand, which is expected to further boost the demand of peripheral industries, too.
by Guy Avellon
The previous two articles described some of the more basic types of locking products using nylon inserts, chemicals, physical distortions of the nut and Belleville washers. Part 3 will include convenient fastening products with different types of washers.
Also known as a Shakeproof® washer, these washers are available as an internal tooth and external tooth design. The washers are hardened to produce a spring quality to the twisted teeth. As they are tightened against a surface, the teeth flex and bite into the surface and produce an opposite force against the compression of assembly. These toothed washers may not prevent loss of preload in some applications using hard surfaces and high preloads, but will work best when the teeth embed themselves into softer materials to prevent loosening. Therefore, these products are ideal for plastics, aluminum, electrical connections and sheet metal.
The internal tooth washers have a smaller outside diameter than the external tooth type. This allows for closer positioning in tight areas. The internal teeth can hold onto the threads of a screw and remain fast while positioning the screw for assembly. The internal tooth washers are perfect for small screw heads and for socket head cap screws, when used in non-critical applications.
It should be noted that the use of these washers is destructive in application. The bent teeth will mar and scratch the surface. This may promote the onset of corrosion if the protective surface coatings are destroyed.
This type of nut has a conical spring washer crimped to a standard nut. The nut is free spinning and offers no prevailing torque feature. However, it is when the washer is tightened against the joint that resistance will be noticed. The washer’s spring rate may cause some variation with the assembly torque.
This system is convenient as time and motion of assembling two parts are saved. However, this combination will not prevent loosening but will retain some preload. To prevent loosening, the fastener must be loaded to at least 70% of its yield strength and the washer must be compressed an equivalent to 30% of the fastener’s preload. Unfortunately, standard conical washers will not meet these requirements and these are only recommended for shear joints or very low load applications.
Called castle nuts because of their appearance and resemblance to the notched top of a castle’s turret, similar to a chess piece. Also called slotted hex nuts, these notches are spaced wide enough to provide for the use of a cotter pin to be placed between the slots and should not be confused with a similar appearing prevailing torque nut with smaller slots on the top, which are actually bent inwards to produce drag against the male threads.
Safety wires are used with these slotted nuts to provide visual security and will keep the nuts from completely backing off when wired properly to an adjacent slotted nut. The ends of the fasteners are drilled to accept either a cotter pin or safety wire. Alignment of the drilled hole to the slots on the nut is extremely critical. Any rotational adjustment forwards or backwards, or movement from vibration, will cause a loss of clamp load from 55 to 100%. Therefore, this system is also recommended for shear joints, very low load applications and where the nut must remain attached to the fastener.
As the name implies, these are cold formed serrations that may be under the head of rivets, machine screw products, small bolts or on the underside of a flanged nut. These products are not to be used with a washer as the serrations are meant to bite into the joint material to form counterrotational resistance.
2. Serrated washer face
The serrations are angled to provide very little resistance while being tightened clock-wise. The ramp angles on the counterrotation side will provide resistance to loosening by digging into the joint material. The joint material needs to be soft enough to provide sufficient embedment of the serrations. The limitations would be the nut and screw cannot develop high clamp loads that would otherwise deform the joint material or cause the screw to break. The one-piece construction aides in the convenience of assembly.
The Keps, or K Nut, is the trade marked name of ITW Shakeproof. This provides for a pre-assembled, free spinning, externally toothed washer.
3. Keps nut— Ideal for quick assemblies for automotive use and sheet metal assembly.
Rather than being an integral part of a fastener, this technology employs two serrated washers to be used together. The ramped sides are sandwiched together to provide counter rotation of the bolt head or nut by forcing the ramps to move against each other. The outside of the ramped washers has radial protrusions to further prevent the bolt head or nut from turning.
These products have been used successfully with blind hole applications and internal engine parts. However, recent studies have produced failures when the external service loads have been very high.
In one application, an M30 10.9 bolt failed. The ramped parts of the washers were almost completely flattened. The high loads of an M30 10.9 bolt would produce 408 kN (91,722 pounds). This load and
The external part of the washers has ridges which are supposed to hold the bolt head from turning. Instead, they have embedded themselves into the bolt head causing a loss of clamp load which induced metal fatigue.
This system does not prevent the loss of preload but it will stop further loosening. Unfortunately, at that point, the joint has suffered relaxation and metal fatigue stress raisers will begin.
Depending upon the length of the bolt, one can apply Hooke’s Law and visualize how much clamp load was lost due to compression and embedment.
As with any fastening system and joint connection, each must be treated as unique. One locking device is not better than others in all applications and it should be noted that no ‘locking’ device will ever prevent loss of preload. Each has its own unique application, don’t use one product across the
4,486,310,718
by Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
The US-China trade tension or better to call it “A Potential Trade War” has caught the attention of many business communities since last year. Late 2018, China declared cutting tariffs by 15 percent imposed on cars manufactured in and imported from the U.S. This could be a good sign of stabilizing both countries’ trades, but it didn’t last long as China pulled back from that promise one month before its execution and increased the tariff on American cars to 40 percent. Previously, China had been slapping 25 percent tariffs on all imported cars, compared to the 2.5 percent duty charged by the U.S. on imports.
On the other hand, last year, US announced new tariffs on imported China-built cars including those from the U.S. auto companies. Consequently, some of the US automakers have decided not to proceed with their new production plans in China and that made the trade imbalance more sophisticated between these two countries ever than before. In the first half of the year 2018, the total number of China vehicle import decreased by 13% while the sales in China market increased by 10.2%.
With this introduction, we could easily derive the conclusion of volatile and unbalanced trade statistics in 2018 between China and USA compared with previous years. The number of US vehicle brands exports to China is not significant and it accounts for only 1 percent of total vehicles sold in China. However, the big 3 US car manufacturers still have a substantial production footprint with sale dependencies on the Chinese market.
In 2018, China’s imports from the US was about USD10.2 billion which has been reduced by more than 20% from the total value of car imports in 2017. The total number of cars exported from US manufacturers to the Chinese market was about 194 thousand units. On the other hand, the exports value to the US market from China increased by more than 20% with the total value of USD2.06 billion compared with USD 1.7 billion in 2017. The total number of cars exported to the US market from China was more than 300 thousand units.
There are four big players in OEMs in China, and the US is one of them after Germany and Japan. Another country is South Korea which is ranked the 4th place after the US. Last year the US OEM’s market share in China was about 11.6% (by June 2018) which was lower than 2016 and 2017, both with 12.6% of the total OEM market in China. This happened when China vehicle exports increased by 24.1% within the same period of time supported by its rapid advancement in technologies and regulations.
Based on the trade statistics between China and the US, auto import from US manufacturers is ranked at the 3rd largest import category from US after aerospace and oilseeds & grains. This could clarify the importance of the Chinese market for the US auto makers.
A cooling trade relation between these two countries destructively has influenced on the future business relation between the US and China in the automotive industry and its supply chain framework. Both upstream and downstream have been suffering in a highly challenging and disputed environment including the fastener industry.
China has become the largest producer and exporter of industrial fasteners in the region supported by the presence of several small and medium players in this market. Large manufacturers keep investing in R&D and expanding their production from standard fasteners into special fasteners to support growing application-specific demand in order to remain relevant in this highly competitive and changing market. Additionally, increasing investments in vehicle manufacturing and maintenance in China support the fastener production growth in this country.
During the first two quarters of 2018, the number of China vehicle production increased by 3.9%; however if the US-China trade conflict continues the production cost for China based manufacturers will increase. This is due to the nature of this industry which is globalized more than ever with high complexity of its value chain. Therefore, US-based car manufacturers should similarly expect the higher production cost. Although many of the tariff increases have not come into effect since last year, analysts estimated nearly 2 million reduction of vehicles sales if all those new restrictions incurred.
China dominates the fastener industry in Asia Pacific region, accounting for more than forty percent of the regional revenue. This is mainly because of massive production volumes of vehicles as well as production of industrial machinery in this country and the region.
The major exports destination of Chinese fasteners is the US market. Chinese manufacturers exported more than USD 1.36 billion fasteners to the US in 2018. This value is significantly higher than the total exports to the second largest exports market for Chinese manufacturers,
Russia, with about USD348 million worth of fastener exports. The third largest exports market for Chinese fastener manufacturers is Japan with the total value of USD 304 million fastener imports from China in 2018. This shows the importance of the US market for Chinese manufacturers and how the tension between these two countries can impact their business relations drastically.
In 2016, the total value of fastener imports from the US to Chinese market was about USD 346 million. This value increased by more than 17% in 2017 with the total imports value of USD 408 million. In 2018, the trade statistics did not have any growth but the imports value slightly decreased to USD 407 million. The chart below illustrates the fastener trade statistics between China and the US in the last three years. It explains that the trade dispute between these two countries has more impact on the US fasteners exports to China rather than imports.
Bilateral Trade Between China and USA Fastener (HS Code 7318) USA
1,600,000,000
1,400,000,000
Although China is not the major exports destination for American manufacturers, this country strategically is very important for the US manufacturers. China is the major exports destination for most of American fastener exporters after Canada, Mexico and Brazil. However, with the new NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) if the tension between China and the US reduces, the fasteners exports to the Chinese market will increase in the near future.
Sources:
PWC US-China Trade Dispute and its Impact on the Chinese Auto Market, Aug2018 Asia Pacific Industrial Fasteners Market 2018-2025 Report by PR Newswire ITC, Trade Map, Trade statistics for international business development
In January 2019 the growth of industrial production in Poland reached 6.1 percent year-on-year, higher than a 2.8 percent growth recorded in December last year. From 1992 until January 2019 the average industrial production growth in Poland was about 6.3%. The highest growth within this period was in March of 2004 with 23.5 percent and the lowest one was in the first month of 2019 with -15.30 percent.
Poland benefits from its labour force quality which is backed by a reasonably high level of efficiency and comparably low wages. Additionally, the consistency and strength of Poland’s macroeconomic, development of country’s infrastructure as well as opening up the country’s trade borders have put Poland’s economy at the healthy growing stage. This country recorded 5 percent GDP growth last year and it is projected that its GDP growth will continue in the next 2 years.
by Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
In terms of trade statistics, Poland’s major export destinations are European countries. The percentage of its export value to the European countries compared with the total global export in recent years was more than 80 percent. In 2017, for example, only a minority of export was shipped to Asia (about 6%), North America (about 4%), Africa and Latin America (about 2%) and the rest was delivered to European countries.
On the other hand, in terms of imports, this country has major suppliers from various countries in Asia other than Europe. China, South Korea, India, Japan and Taiwan are the key Asian exporters who have created significant trade deficits for Poland in last two years. They have exported billions of dollars of products in 2018 to Poland while their value of imports from Polish manufacturers are considerably low.
In December 2018, Poland recorded a trade deficit of 1,340 EUR million. The average trade balance for Poland was -595.02 EUR million from 2000 until 2018. However, early last year, Poland’s foreign trade turnover increased almost ten-fold. Most of Poland’s imports are capital goods needed for industrial retooling and for manufacturing inputs like machinery and transport equipment.
Among Poland’s trading partners that produce the highest positive trade balances, Polish surpluses with Ukraine, Romania and the United Kingdom have been significantly increased at the
fastest pace in the last few years. The surpluses obviously explain Poland’s competitive advantages with these trading partners, and also show the importance of having particular strategies by Poland for each of these countries in order to optimize the position of Poland in international trade.
Polish fastener market is one of the most impressive and fastest growing market in Europe, supported by growing demand of industrial manufacturing, automotive, aerospace and construction industries both locally and internationally. Overall, the significant portion of local fastener production is used for domestic industries. For instance, Poland is one of the largest global furniture exporters, this industry creates high demand for industrial fasteners in the country for local manufacturers.
In the fastener market, more specifically for screws, bolts and nuts (HS Code: 7318), the largest export destination for Polish fastener manufacturers is Germany. In 2018, Poland exported about USD 192.7 million worth of fasteners to Germany. The export value in 2018 significantly increased from 2017 with the value of USD176.1 million. The second largest fastener importer, the UK, who is far behind Germany, imported about USD36 million worth of fasteners from Polish manufacturers
in 2018. The third largest market for Polish fastener manufacturers is France. In 2018, USD21.4 million worth of fasteners were shipped to France from Poland.
Other than the above 3 major fastener import markets for Polish exporters, top ten Polish fasteners importers are Sweden, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia, Romania, Belgium, Hungary, Belarus, the Netherlands and Norway. It is notable that, other than European countries there is no country from other regions being in this list. The total fastener import value of all these 10 countries is less than the value of fastener imports of Germany. This shows how crucial German market is for Polish fastener exporters.
In contrast to importers, Poland’s international suppliers who export their products into Poland’s market are diversified by a variety of manufacturers and traders from European and Asian countries as well as America. The value of fastener imports to Poland shows that Germany should still remain at the top of the list and be named as the major fastener exporter to Poland followed by China, Taiwan, Italy, America, France, Czech Republic, Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom.
In 2018, a total of USD393.1 million worth of fasteners were imported by Poland from German manufacturers. This amount is slightly less than half of the total fastener import value by Poland in 2018, considering that the list of fastener exporters to the Polish market is ranked based on the value of their exports to Poland. In terms of the quantity of exports, China has the highest number of exports to Poland as a majority of their products are standard fasteners with lower quality and cheaper prices compared with the German fasteners. Chinese exporters sold about USD113.6 million worth of fasteners to the Polish market which is significantly lower than the amount sold by German exporters. However, the quantity of exports in 2018 for Chinese exporters into Poland was 77,747 tons compared with 61,350 tons which German manufacturers shipped to Poland.
Polish industrial fastener imports are strongly dependent on domestic and regional demand. Local industrial growth and exports to the EU (more specifically to Germany) play an essential role of creating fastener demand. Additionally, solid private consumption and rebounding investment in Poland have significant contribution on
generating demand for fastener imports.
Polish fastener manufacturers need to take advantage of the opportunities created by changing global market trends. Exporters could become truly competitive on a global scale by focusing on areas in which they are strong. However, the fastener manufacturing sector in Poland still has a long way to grow more specifically in areas like international cooperation, research and development, acquisition of foreign companies and technology. Local manufacturers and exporters need efficient and aggressive international promotion. Last but not least, Poland will still require more improvements in infrastructure, make simpler regulations more specifically in order to attract foreign investors, and to invest more and more in new technologies and innovation.
Sources: World’ s Top Exports, Poland’ s Top Trading Partners
ITC, Trade statistics for international business development
Poland 2025: Europe’ s new growth engine by McKinsey & Company
The range of levelling/adjustable feet has recently been extended with the “adjustable feet SF” range. The product is composed of a round base (various diameters available) and a hexagon shaped base above the foot. These new adjustable feet have been introduced to the market in the beginning of February 2019. This new range of adjustable feet is fully in Nylon, both the threaded part and the feet, contrary to the levelling feet usually available on the market that are more of a mix between metal and plastic.
In comparison with the metal-plastic combined products, Nylon offers various advantages; it is lighter, cheaper, and easier to recycle. It does not conduct electricity and is also not subject to corrosion. Polyamide thus allows the use of our “adjustable feet SF” in areas subject to corrosion which, for reasons of hygiene or for specific regulations, require materials resistant to it.
The hex end in the base allows fastening with a spanner. The nylon base, available in 4 different diameters, provides a smooth non-abrasive surface that protects floors. The adjustable feet then allows adjustment under load. This item is ideal for spanner height adjustable when the product is in application. The adjustable feet with hex end are an excellent solution for the levelling and height adjustment of a piece of
compiled by Fastener World
furniture, machinery or general appliance. The hexagon which can be found at the top of the thread can be used for adjusting the height of the feet from above the foot, without having to remove it from the application they are attached to. They are easy to install without specific tools and make sure your work surfaces are both even and secure.
In terms of design, the standard colour of the “adjustable feet SF” is black nylon. But as Polyamide can be colored as one wishes, according to the RAL chart, the “adjustable feet SF” range will be in line with every kind of industrial application, whatever their color might be.
D EWALT adds to its growing line of 20V MAX* tools with the XR® 1/2" MidRange Impact Wrench featuring the TOOL CONNECT™ system (DCF896). The TOOL CONNECT™ system allows for tool control through its PRECISION WRENCH™ and PRECISION TAP™ control features, as well as a variety of additional customizable settings within the TOOL CONNECT™ app.
The TOOL CONNECT™ 20V MAX* XR® 1/2" Mid-Range Impact Wrench achieves 0-2000 RPM, 3100 impacts per minute, and a maximum torque of 330 ft.-lbs. in forward and 600 ft.-lbs. in reverse. At only 6.95” in length and 3.48 lbs. (tool only), it’s a compact choice available in both Hog Ring and Detent Pin configurations. This wrench also features an efficient brushless motor, variable speed trigger, convenient belt clip, and bright LED for illuminating low-lit work areas.
GRK Fasteners, known for offering "The Industry's Toughest Screws," has updated its GRK R4™ Multi-Purpose Framing and Decking Fasteners.
GRK redesigned the R4 to provide professionals increased
speed for improved productivity. It does so by addressing pros' top challenges. One such challenge is slow engagement, often "solved" by the common practice of using an impact driver and screw to stab the wood to avoid spinning while waiting for the fastener to engage.
"We heard from users that getting a screw started in wood was one of their biggest struggles," says GRK product manager, Nick Prazuch. "The new R4 has a Fast-bite tip that immediately starts in a surface, allowing pros to drive more screws in less time."
In addition to productivity-boosting features, the new GRK R4 fastener line was revamped with features designed to ensure better results, including:
Fast-bite tip: Immediate start in wood. Eliminates the need for pre-drilling.
Precision-fit star bit head: Reduces wobbling, which eliminates the need to hold the fastener as it goes in, allowing for faster, more confident driving, and makes working in tight spaces easier
W-Cut™: Reduces installation torque for fast driving and ease of install
Optimized thread length: Improves clamping force and drawing power for no gaps between boards and no rework.
S TANLEY Assembly Technologies, a brand of STANLEY Engineered Fastening, is extending its B-Series cordless tool line to include the B44L angle-lever cordless nutrunner. Thanks to its 60-volt DEWALT® FLEXVOLT™ battery, the B44L is the most powerful cordless nutrunner available to the assembly market.
For added convenience, the B44L can store data for up to 500 fastening cycles and two trace sequences. It also has a built-in
controller with wireless capability. This allows seamless integration with the plant’s existing communications system.
The B44L is available in four models with speed ratings from 243 to 573 rpm and maximum torque ranges of 55 to 120 Nm. The ½" drive is also offered in square, doubleended and flush socket configurations.
I nternational specialist in the design, engineering, manufacture and distribution of high quality industrial and Cat. C fasteners, TR Fastenings (TR), is proud to be able to support a wide variety of sectors with its range of specialist security fasteners, engineered to prevent theft, deter vandalism and boost health and safety.
The security fastener range complements TR’s wider catalogue of industrial fastenings and can be used alongside or instead of standard parts. The security fasteners have added features to ensure that the products and their enclosed components cannot be tampered with or become loose, causing damage or injury. They also ensure that the components within the enclosed structures cannot be removed, other than by a specially trained technician with bespoke tools.
Design features of security fasteners include:
Unusual shapes to prevent tampering, requiring non-standard drives such as 2-hole pig-nosed fittings.
Tapered diameters, resistant to gripping devices.
Increased fictional resistance within the bolt, limiting rotation and making it more difficult for the part to be loosened.
Aesthetic features such as shear torques and smooth finishes mean that these fasteners can be ultra-secure whilst also looking good: an important consideration when used in high-end and luxury environments.
Advanced function:“90th anniversary laser marking(PAT.)
Advanced function:“G-LESS (loose grip prevention) mechanism” (PAT.)
The G-LESS mechanism minimizes any loosening in this direction, resulting in improved ease of use.
Advanced function:“ X-DRIVE”
Thanks to the stress relief structure, the new “X-DRIVE” disperses more stress applied to the edges than the conventional tools. Thus,
LOBTEX launched sales of BWM9S ball-end hexagonal wrenches that prevent slipping when they are inserted at an inclined angle. Ballend hexagonal wrenches conveniently allow users to insert at an angle into the hexagonal bolt hole, but in a high-torque application they would easily slip off from the hole. Therefore, LOBTEX increased the area of contact with the bolt hole and came up with a wrench shape that prevents slipping.
the X-DRIVE can easily apply torque, enabling stable tightening and loosening work, without collapsing the edges.
Advanced function:B-Less (backlash-free) mechanism
The lower jaw rack is sandwiched by “Worm A” and “Worm B” to the point that there is no gapping.
Advanced function:RFH (Round formed handle)
The newly shaped (round) handle easily fits the hand.
Features:
(1) Special shape design: Preventing slipping for perpendicular, or 20-degree inclined wrench insertion.
(2) Best suited for fastening bolts in a tight or innermost area.
(3) The red holder of the wrenches is foldable, allowing convenient fetching and storage.
Simpson Strong-Tie, the leader in engineered structural connectors and building solutions, announced the official launch of the Strong-Drive SDWS Timber SS Type 316 stainless-steel structural screw, a premium solution for construction and repair of coastal piers, boardwalks, docks and other projects that require structural fastening in extreme saltwater environments.
The SDWS Timber SS prototype was specified and successfully fieldtested as the primary pier-board fastener for the $8.7 million modernization of the Pismo Beach Pier. At 1,200 feet long, the Pismo Pier is the 18th longest in California and had several sections that had not been replaced since the pier was constructed in 1928.
To ensure that the Pismo Pier project could meet budget and scheduling requirements while providing the structural durability to last many more
Chicago Pneumatic has introduced a new powerful ½” impact wrench for vehicle service specialists. Built upon the heritage of the successful previous model, the CP7748 has been designed to offer operators unparalleled levels of power, comfort and durability and is suitable for workshop or roadside assistance tasks such as tire changing.
Weighing in at just 4.4 lbs (2 kg) and delivering 960 ft. lbs (1,300 Nm) of power in reverse, the CP7748 impact wrench provides a high power-to-weight ratio.
decades, Morro Bay, CA–based Shoreline Engineering turned to Simpson Strong-Tie for fasteners that were corrosion resistant and easy to install.
Available in 3″, 4″, 5″, 6″, 8 ″, 10 ″ and 12″ lengths, the SDWS Timber SS features a patented SawTooth™ point to eliminate the predrilling and counterboring required by lag screws while providing greater load ratings than spikes without nail-pops and their associated tripping hazards.
The SDWS Timber SS 316 stainless-steel structural screw complements the StrongDrive® family of fasteners and is anticipated to provide a broad range of fastener solutions for coastal pier, boardwalk and ledger applications where a flat, flush washer head is advantageous.
At the heart of the design is an innovative forward/reverse and power control set up based on a ring system, which is more ergonomic than controls on the back of the tool. Users can either change direction by pushing buttons easily with one hand, or simply by turning the ring from anywhere around the tool. The CP7748 also offers two different settings in the forward position (40 percent of maximum power and full power) and a full power setting in reverse. This ring system facilitates the use of the CP7748 in
tight places without having to remove the tool to change direction.
The CP7748 can comfortably be used in confined spaces since it is compact. The tool measures only 6.89 inches (175 mm) in length.
Chicago Pneumatic has designed the new impact wrench with durability in mind. Featuring a hard chromium aluminum cylinder that surrounds the motor and twin hammer mechanism, the CP7748 wrench delivers optimum performance in the toughest operating environment.
The CP7748 is also available in 2” anvil.
KTC worked with Hitachi and YAMAGATA and developed a bolt fastening system that shows the fastening position of bolts on a headmount display via AR technology. With this system, operators will be able to check the meter and make sure they are fastening the bolt with rule-compliant force. They can also use the system for digital management. The system will be put into tests and is expected to make train production more efficient.
I n recent years the Japanese automotive industry started a boom of lightweighting and has increasing demand for automotive selfdrilling screws. Of all the types of self-drilling screws, the ones used for resin do not trigger creep (the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses) when exposed in high temperatures. For creep prevention, usually a less heat-deformable iron collar and an insert nut are embedded into the resin which then will be fastened. However, this method will increase the use of components, processes and cost, which is against the priciples of lightweighting.
Nitto Seiko has successfully developed self-drilling screws for resin that are free from the use of collars and insert nuts. Their axial portion has two different kinds of threads with identitcal thread pitch. Through the threads, the screws self-tap into the
material to be fastened and the mating material. This mechanism prevents wobble and creep in the case of axial force reduction and creep. The screws launched sales since February 1 with a sales target of 1 million pieces to the automotive and household appliance industries by 2020.
TOP Kogyo developed the "Head-Swing Locking Ratchet Wrench" for fastening nuts. The ratchet part can rotate 180 degrees and locks up at every 22.5 degrees. The ratchet part can fasten nuts even when it is bent and therefore is perfect for fastening innermost nuts that are difficult to reach.
The circumference of the ratchet part is colored to differentiate the front side from the back side. The front side has an engraved
T he continuous visual inspection device developed by Kobayashi Mekki has an embedded artificial intelligence software to automatically recognize poorly electroplated and non-plated products. The device no longer has to reconfigure
arrow sign. Face the yellow side upwards and turn the wrench in the direction of the arrow sign, you will fasten up the nut while avoiding erroneous operations.
The wrench comes in 10 types, including models from 8 mm to 24 mm diameters, and is supplied to the machinery, construction and automotive industries.
every check item for inspection targets of different sizes and shapes, thus realizing automated inspection procedure. With the device, the company will first achieve full inspection of product sizes below and including M2, and then expand the size range and increase inspection items in the future.
For the third consecutive year Bufab reported record full year sales – up 18% year-on-year. Operating and net profits were also at new record levels. Bufab net sales in 2018 increased 18% to SEK 3.786 billion (€360.7 million), of which 8% was organic growth. Operating profit (EBITA) increased to SEK 367 million (2017: SEK 311 million), corresponding to an operating margin of 9.7%, unchanged from 2017. Fourth quarter net sales rose 17% (4% organic). Operating margin for the quarter eased to 8.5% (Q4 2017: 8.7%).
President and CEO, Jörgen Rosengren, said Q4 growth was primarily due to strong contributions from acquisitions, but also exchange rates and market shares. "We saw no signs of a substantial slowdown in the economy, but did note increased caution among our customers. This drove a certain postponement of volumes until after the end of the year, which, on the other hand, led to a healthy start for sales in January 2019."
Rosengren said Q4 gross margin was considerably weaker than Q4 2017 and Q3 2018, entirely due to performance in Sweden, where the business had been under pressure throughout the year from high purchasing prices and a weak Swedish Krona.
The consolidated gross margin remained unchanged in 2018. “We have implemented major price increases for our customers in both segments, thereby fully offsetting the higher purchasing prices,” Rosengren noted. “At the end of 2018, the increases in the prices of raw materials levelled off. The prerequisites are thus favourable for purchasing savings to be made this year.”
Rosegren continued: “We captured market shares throughout 2018. This was not a matter of a few random successes, but of many hundreds of new customers across all of our markets. Such a broad increase would not have been possible without the focus in prior years on recruitment, personal development, processes and tools in our sales organisation. We also significantly increased the pace of our purchasing by appointing a person in Group management in charge of this and, under her leadership, invest in our organisation, tools and processes.”
Rosengren noted the acquisition of Rudhäll Industri in late 2018 and reiterated: “We have our sights set on other acquisitions”. He concluded, "Ahead of 2019, there is unusually large macro-economic uncertainty. However, regardless of how the market performs, we will continue to work towards our goal: to be the strongest company in our industry in 2020."
SFS Group reported “solid sales growth” of 6.5% in 2018, taking its consolidated sales total to CHF 1.739 billion (€1.54 billion). Operating profit increase to CHF 243 million, corresponding to 14% of net sales.
SFS says “this attractive sales development was broadly based in terms of end markets and geographies” with “a solid and balanced organic growth rate of 5%” in the Group’s core business activities, reflecting the strength of SFS’s customerspecific solutions for selected niche markets.
While broadly based, growth was led by the Fastening Systems segment, which reported full year sales of CHF 437.1 million, an increase of 13.8% over 2017. SFS says the segment strengthened its competitive position and captured increased share as a result of its innovative products – new product launches were a strong sales driver, and the segment enjoyed a ‘good market environment”. Organic growth was 5.6% with the consolidation of HECO into the Group contributing 5.8% of reported sales growth. Engineered Component sales were CHF 976 million, up 4.4%; Distribution & Logistics sales were CHF 334.5 million, up 3.6%.
The growth rate slowed in the second half 2018, which SFS says, can be traced to comparison against strong sales growth in the previous year and “an unexpectedly sharp, temporary decline in demand during the fourth quarter, especially from customers in the automotive and electronics industry”. Currency effects had a positive effect of 1.4% on reported sales.
Switzerland accounted for 20.4% of total sales, with the rest of Europe contributing 41.1%. Sales in the Americas represented 17.7%; and Asia 20.6%. Africa and Australia accounted for 0.2%. The preliminary results indicated an increase in operating profit by 23% to CHF 243 million. Full results were published on 8 March 2019.
Hilti Group reported that its 2018 full year sales had increased 10.7% to CHF 5.6 billion. Factoring out acquisition effects, sales increased 9.7% year-on-year. CEO Christoph Loos commented: “2018 was an important year for the Hilti Group. We made substantial investments into innovations, market reach and our infrastructure, laying the foundation for long-term profitable growth. With double-digit sales growth, we have reached our goal. However, due to the continuing global trade tensions, we see a reduction in growth dynamic.”
In Europe, Hilti achieved strong sales growth at 10.6% in local currencies. The only exception was the United Kingdom, where “BREXIT is creating uncertainties in the construction industry”. Hilti also recorded double-digit growth in North America (+10.4%), while Latin America continued an “upward swing” with an increase of 8.6%. Asia-Pacific sales grew 7%. “In spite of the challenges in countries like Turkey, Russia and Saudi Arabia” the Eastern Europe/Middle East/Africa region increased sales by 9.3%.
KYOCERA SENCO Industrial Tools Inc is to acquire 100% ownership of Van Aerden Group BV, a European-based distributor and manufacturer of pneumatic tools and fasteners. Through the acquisition, KYOCERA SENCO Industrial Tools Inc - a subsidiary of Kyocera Corporation – will expand its global pneumatic tool and fastener business. Effective 1st March 2019, Van Aerden Group BV was renamed KYOCERA AERFAST Europe BV. With the manufacturing and sales assets of pneumatic tools and fasteners that this acquisition brings, KSIT aims to strengthen its business in Europe.
VIPA has completed its third high-bay automated warehouse, increasing its storage capacity by an additional 30,000 pallet spaces to an eye watering 150,000 spaces. Resulting in over 65,000 different products - including different sizes, coatings and materials - available from stock.
VIPA SpA moved to its current head office in Rolo, Italy, in 2001, and began with one high-bay warehouse, which is 135m long and 35m high, including five automated aisles. By 2007 the company expanded with a second high-bay warehouse, with an extra seven automated aisles – with all twelve aisles working in synchronisation.
The third warehouse, built to the same dimensions as the other two warehouses, has increased VIPA’s storage capacity by 25% and will also be synchronised. However, the third warehouse is fully automated. “The addition of the third warehouse means that we will have access to a totally automated 24 hour system,” mentions VIPA. “The machines will be operational round the clock.”
To go alongside the three warehouses, VIPA also has a fully equipped laboratory, which can conduct a wide variety of quality tests to guarantee the products according to certified and known norms. “We are also certified as a producer for structural bolts according to EN 15048:2007
Trifast Plc reported Group revenue for the six months to 30th September 2018 at GB£105 million (€116.7 million), an increase of 7.3% at actual exchange rate. Organic revenue grew by 4.2% at constant exchange rate with gross margins holding above target. Profit before tax was GB£8 million, 12% down year-on-year. Underlying profit rose 6.8% at constant exchange rate.
European revenue grew 6.6% to GB£38.4 million (AER), including double digit growth in the automotive sector in Holland, electronics sector in Hungary, and general industrial sector in Germany. In Italy, ongoing volume reductions from the Group's largest domestic appliance customer offset some of the gains. UK revenue increased 10.8% to GB£39.2 million, with the majority of the increase emanating from the acquisition of Precision Technology Supplies. Gross margin gains from the acquisition were largely offset by expected lower margins from other UK business due to purchase price inflation as a result of Sterling weakness. Trifast emphasised that around 70% of Group revenues and profits are generated outside the UK. Notwithstanding the longer-term implications of BREXIT, Trifast believes shorter term operational and financial impact will be manageable, with a cross-functional team having worked for two years to prepare to mitigate the risks of a no-deal scenario.
Asian revenue grew 3.9% to GB£30.8 million, largely driven by domestic appliance business in Singapore and increased distributor sales from Taiwan factories. In China ongoing automotive
standards. Our SB bolts are supplied with CE Marking in accordance with the construction standards 89-106 and 109 EN-1 and 2 – part of the category of high strength bolts.”
Another important range available from VIPA, is its construction hex head bolts, according to EN 14399, available in plain and HDG, from M12 to M36. VIPA supplies both trade and industry and in addition to its companies in Italy, and it has five branches in Spain, France, Germany, China and Czech Rep.
growth offset a decline in electronic business, some of which migrated to India, where TR says it is starting to recover sales.
Excellent growth in the USA, with revenues increasing 31.1% to GB£4.3million, was primarily due to ongoing penetration into existing automotive multinational OEM customers. To support this strong regional growth, Trifast has relocated to a larger distribution facility. Trifast invested GB£1.3 million in increased manufacturing capacity and capability, notably in Singapore and Italy, “with more to follow”.
Considering key market sectors, Trifast said 90% of its automotive business is not related to the combustion engine, which means that increased electric vehicle production represents a significant growth opportunity. Trifast does expect short term reductions in UK automotive volumes due to changes in product cycles and model builds reflecting decreased demand for diesel powertrains. Customer specific factors, particularly in Italy and China, resulted in muted performance in the domestic appliance and electronic sectors. However, strong growth in other regions gives Trifast confidence that these markets continue to have attractive long-term potential.
Henkel has laid the cornerstone for its new Adhesives Technologies Global Innovation Centre at its headquarters in Düsseldorf, Germany. The company will be investing more than €130 million in this state-of-the-art building and, once completed, the facility will enhance the development of new technologies and applications for a variety of industries.
Henkel’s new Adhesives Technologies Global Innovation Centre will also serve as a global customer centre where Henkel will present solutions for adhesives, sealants and functional coatings. It will support UK customers seeking tailor-made solutions and provide complementary facilities to those at Henkel’s UK headquarters in Hemel Hempstead.
Apolo MEA Befestigungssysteme GmbH will rebrand under the name CELO Befestigungssysteme GmbH. This change solely concerns the company name, the legal form of the company, the general managers and the address remain the same. This step is the logical consequence of the dynamic growth of the CELO Group, to which Apolo MEA Befestigungssysteme has belonged since 2009. CELO Group is an internationally successful family-owned group of companies, with a core competence in the development, manufacturing and distribution of high-quality technical screws and technical fixings.
In recent years the group has expanded strongly mainly through acquisitions –in that sense the time has come to unite the diversity of brands within the CELO Group. CELO is preparing for the future with a uniform, fresh appearance of the entire group.
The CELO Group employs around 360 people in 17 countries worldwide, owns four production sites in Germany, Spain, China, and the United States, and delivers its products to more than 80 countries. CELO Befestigungssysteme GmbH will remain loyal to its Aichach location in Germany. In recent years, innovative fastening systems have been launched on the market from here. Due to the positive business development, further investments are planned at the location in Aichach.
The seven-story centre will contain numerous laboratories, research and testing facilities, office space and conference rooms spreading over an area of 50,000m 2. It will house around 350 employees from R&D, product development, application technology and service that currently work in different buildings across the Düsseldorf site. The opening of the innovation centre is planned for the end of 2020.
With the invaluable support of Barton Cold Form, an Optimas company, the British & Irish Association of Fastener Distributors (BIAFD) delivered another successful Introduction to Fastener Manufacturing day.
Thirty delegates from BIAFD member companies, visited the Barton manufacturing facility in Droitwich Spa, UK, in February. The day comprised a one-hour seminar on fastener forming processes, presented by BIAFD director, Phil Matten; an introduction to Barton and its processes by sales manager, Zak Tolley; and a guided tour of the production operation.
Significantly, for more than three-quarters of the delegates, this was their first opportunity to see fastener manufacturing. “Previous groups have rated seeing the actual processes and having them explained by experienced production managers, as one of the biggest values of the day,” said Phil. “BIAFD began arranging these tours some five years ago, working also with the British Steel Wire Rod Mill in Scunthorpe. The aim is to help distribution personnel, who in their normal role will not see the product made, recognise the complexity of engineering skill and technology behind what can sometimes be written off as ‘only a screw’.”
Several of the team from Phil Holden Fasteners, owned by current BIAFD chairman Guy Stanhope, have already attended. “For independent, mid-sized fastener distributors like PHF, these BIAFD events are invaluable and are just one of a number of reasons our membership is a no-brainer,” says Guy. “There is simply no more effective way for our people to get their heads around what it takes to manufacture the products they are selling each day, and I am absolutely sure that makes a positive difference for PHF.”
BIAFD’s next member event is a technical seminar, already expecting more than 50 attendees, focusing on hydrogen embrittlement and the implications of the recently published revision to EN ISO 4042, the electroplated coating systems for fasteners standard.
NORMA increased Group sales by 7% to €817.1 million in the first nine months of 2018. Organic growth was strong at 9.7%. However, its EBITA margin slipped to 16%, impacted by raw material inflation and US tariffs. The acquisitions of Fengfan, Kimplas and Statek contributed 1.4% to Group sales growth. Negative currency effects reduced sales growth by 4.1%.
Nine-month sales in Europe, Middle East and Africa grew 1.8% to €375.7 million, including contribution from the acquisition of Statek in August. Growth weakened in the third quarter, mainly due to the generally difficult situation in the European automotive sector with declining production figures. American sales rose 7.9% to €334.3 million buoyed by good order volume in the commercial vehicles and agricultural machinery business in the US. In the Asia-Pacific region, nine-month sales rose by 26.5% year-on-year to €107.2 million. This reflected very good business performance in the Engineered Joining Technology division, with additional contributions from the acquisition of Kimplas.
Adjusted EBITA declined by 2.9% in the first nine months to €130.5 million. The adjusted EBITA margin was 16% - down from 17.6% in the same period 2017. NORMA says the main reason for the decline in earnings and margin was the tense situation on the international raw material markets. Higher prices for stainless steel and alloy surcharges, force majeure in the area of important plastic components and the US punitive tariffs on steel had a negative impact. Raw material shortages temporarily generated variable special costs in procurement, production and logistics.
Rainer Lederer founded the company that continues to bear his name 49 years ago together with Hans Lipinski. At the beginning of 2019 he retires fully from a business that has grown to become one of the most respected in the European fastener sector. In the 1970s and 1980s Rainer Le-derer developed the company, at that time still Lederer + Lipinski, into one of the market leaders for the trade with stainless steel screws in Europe. Making the move to Ennepetal in 1975 and then with the construction of the new building in Katzbachstraße in 1988, he took major economic risks. They paid off, and throughout the company was always very profitable.
At the beginning of the 1990s he realised that it was also possible to be successful with special screws and C-parts management. With this he laid the foundations for all the things that make Lederer what it is today and with which it remains very successful. When he handed over the company in 2012, his son, Dr. Volker Lederer, was able to take over a very profitable and respected company. Rainer Lederer had not only done an outstanding job economically, but also from a human point of view.
What about the personal relationship between founder and successor? When father and son work together, conflicts are practically inevitable. It's no secret that the two were absolutely no exception in this respect. However, Rainer Lederer has acted confidently and with foresight when it comes to important decisions.
As early as 2006, he told his son that in case of disagreement, it was Volker Lederer that could make the final decision. Rainer Lederer's simple and accurate reasoning: After all, the company is his son's future, not his!
John Wolz, Editor of FIN (globalfastenernews.com)
Mike McNulty, FTI VP & Editor (www.fastenertech.com)
Editors of Fastener World Magazine
Compiled by Fastener World Inc.
After two consecutive years of double-digit growth, the FIN Fastener Stock Index contracted in 2018, hampered by volatility that dominated the markets, making 2018 the worst year for stocks in a decade.
The FINdex declined 7.1% during the year, compared to a 7% drop by an index of related industrial stocks.
U.S. stocks had their worst December since the Great Depression, according to Yahoo Finance. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 9.7%, the Nasdaq Composite dropped 10.4%, and the S&P 500 declined 10%.
During 2018, industrial fastener stocks replaced aerospace stocks as the dominant performer.
FINdex stocks achieving growth during the year included Dorman Products (up 47.2%); Bisco Industries (up 87.2%); Grainger (up 19.5%); Lawson Products (up 27.7%); TriMas (up 2%); and Wesco Aircraft (up 6.8%).
During 2018, multiple FINdex stocks saw declines of 20% or more, including Arconic (down 38.1%); Carpenter Technology (down 30%); ITW (down 24%) MSC Industrial (down 20.4%); Park Ohio (down 33.2%); Stanley Black & Decker (down 29.4%); and Tree Island Steel (down 20.5%).
During the final quarter of the year, the FINdex mirrored the markets, showing its biggest dive during the year. During Q4, the FINdex dropped 15.6%, compared to a 13.4% decline by an index of related industrial stocks.
FINdex stocks losing 20% or more in value during Q4 included Carpenter Technology (down 39.6%); Grainger (down 21%); Park Ohio (down 20%); Simpson Mfg. (down 25.3%); and Wesco Aircraft (down 29.5%).
The FINdex rose 9.2% in the third quarter after declining 0.4% in the previous quarter. An index of related industrial stocks increased 9.8% in Q3. Quarterly gains were achieved by a broad cross-section of fastener companies.
During the first six months of 2018, both the FINdex and an index of related industrial stocks were essentially unchanged. The FINdex achieved marginal growth of 0.3% in the opening quarter of 2018, compared to an 11.7% loss by an index of related industrial stocks.
On September 19, 2018, during a program of meetings with leading Italian companies present in Indiana, USA, the Honorable Governor Eric Holcomb and his delegation visited Fontana Gruppo headquarters in Veduggio, Italy. After a company presentation focusing in particular on the two Indiana plants, the two delegations had a productive discussion on medium-term, macro-economic scenarios. Fontana has been present in the state of Indiana since 2007, the year of acquisition of its first plant in Frankfurt and its Logistics Center consolidating its position in 2014 with a further acquisition of Acument Global Technologies’ nine plants including one in Rochester, IN, USA.
During 2017, the FINdex rose 20.2%, boosted by aerospace fastener company gains. Aerospace fastener supplier KLX - the former B/E Aerospace fastener division - achieving a 51% increase in share price, driven by sales to commercial aerospace manufacturing customers.
Another FINdex winner during 2017 was Arconicthe former Alcoa Fastening Systems and Rings business, which achieved a 47% increase in its share value.
In 2016, the FINdex rose 20%, compared to an 11.1% increase by an index of related industrial stocks.
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) initiated a re-investigation to update the normal values and export prices, in accordance with the Special Import Measures Act (SIMA), respecting certain carbon steel fasteners originating in or exported from China and Taiwan, and the amounts of subsidy respecting certain carbon steel fasteners originating in or exported from China.
This re-investigation will be concluded by November 14, 2019.
The re-investigation is part of the enforcement of the CITT’s order made on January 5, 2015, in Expiry Review No. RR-2014-001, continuing its order made on January 6, 2010 in Expiry Review No. RR-2009-001, continuing its findings made on January 7, 2005 in Inquiry No. NQ-2004-005.
Exporters that wish to participate in this re-investigation are required to provide a complete and accurate response to the CBSA's Request for Information (RFI) by May 13, 2019.
Where an exporter of subject goods does not provide sufficient information to determine specific normal values or does not permit verification of information submitted, anti-dumping duties will be assessed at the rate of 170% of the export price of the subject goods imported into Canada.
Similarly, in cases where the Chinese government or exporters in China fail to provide complete and accurate submissions enabling the determination of specific amounts of subsidy, countervailing duties will be assessed at the rate of 1.25 Chinese Renminbi per kilogram.
For the current re-investigation, the CBSA is contacting known and potential importers and exporters. However, any importers or exporters who have not received a letter from the CBSA with the accompanying RFI, and who wish to provide a response to the RFI are advised to contact one of the officers identified below. Similarly, it is suggested that importers contact their exporter(s) to determine if the exporter(s) has received the Dumping RFI and whether they intend to cooperate with the CBSA in this re-investigation.
Any questions concerning the above should be directed to:
SIMA Registry and Disclosure Unit
Trade and Anti-dumping Programs Directorate
Canada Border Services Agency
100 Metcalfe Street, 11th floor
Ottawa, ON K1A 0L8
Officers' names and contact information: Robert Wright: 613-954-1643
Jin Hyuck Lee: 613-954-7180
simaregistry-depotlmsi @cbsa-asfc.gc.ca
Vulcan Steel Products Inc. filed a petition on February 21 with the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission seeking antidumping duties (ADD) and countervailing duties (CVD) on imports of carbon and alloy steel threaded rod from China, India, Taiwan and Thailand, TH International Trade reports. Threaded rod imports from these countries are being sold at less than fair value in the U.S. and causing material injury, according to Vulcan.
From December 2017 to November 2018, U.S. threaded rod imports totaled 42.5% from China, 25.2% from India, 15.1% from Taiwan and 4.1% from Thailand, according to Vulcan. The company claims that imports of threaded rod from these countries increased 18.6% from 2016 to 2017 and that imports for 2018 represented a 18.8% increase over 2017, according to TH International Trade. As a result, Vulcan claims that dumped and subsidized threaded rod imports are having significant, negative price effects that are causing lost sales and revenue to the domestic industry.
The petition lists foreign producers and exporters that shipped threaded rod products to the U.S. at allegedly dumped and/or subsidized prices from these countries as well as the U.S. importers of those products.
The steel threaded rod, bar, or studs subject to these investigations are non-headed and threaded along greater than 25% of their total actual length. Steel threaded rod is normally produced to American Society for Testing and Materials (“ASTM”) specifications ASTM A36, ASTM A193 B7/B7m, ASTM A193 B16, ASTM A307, ASTM A320 L7/L7M, ASTM A320 L43, ASTM A354 BC and BD, ASTM A449, ASTM F1554-36, ASTM F1554-55, ASTM F1554 Grade 105, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (“ASME”) specification ASME B18.31.3, and American Petroleum Institute (“API”) specification API 20E.
Subject merchandise includes material matching the above description that has been finished, assembled, or packaged in a third country, including by cutting, chamfering, coating, or painting the threaded rod, by attaching the threaded rod to, or packaging it with, another product, or any other finishing, assembly, or packaging operation that would not otherwise remove the merchandise from the scope of the investigation if performed in the country of manufacture of the threaded rod.
Carbon and alloy steel threaded rod are also included in the scope of this investigation
whether or not imported attached to, or in conjunction with, other parts and accessories such as nuts and washers. If carbon and alloy steel threaded rods are imported attached to, or in conjunction with, such non-subject merchandise, only the threaded rod is included in the scope.
Excluded from the scope of these investigations are: (1) threaded rod, bar, or studs which are threaded only on one or both ends and the threading covers 25% or less of the total actual length; and (2) stainless steel threaded rod, defined as steel threaded rod containing, by weight, 1.2% or less of carbon and 10.5% or more of chromium, with or without other elements.
Steel threaded rod is classifiable under subheadings 7318.15.5051, 7318.15.5056, and 7318.15.5090 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (“HTSUS”). Subject merchandise may also enter under subheading 7318.15.2095 and 7318.19.0000 of the HTSUS.
South Africa is investigating a surge in imports of threaded fasteners, which manufacturers complain is injuring the country’s fastener industry.
The South African Iron & Steel Institute filed a complaint for the South African Fasteners Manufacturers Association, according to a March 4 announcement by the World Trade Organization.
T&I Chalmers Engineering (Pty) Ltd – which constitutes about 70% of production – submitted the original “injury analysis information” for bolt ends, screw studs and screw studding.
Injury analysis for other hexagon nuts was submitted by Transvaal Pressed Nuts, Bolts & Rivets (Pty) Ltd., CBC Fasteners (Pty) Ltd and SA Bolt Manufacturers (Pty) Ltd., which together manufacture 90% of South African production.
“The applicant alleged and submitted prima facie information to indicate that it is experiencing serious injury in the form of a decline in sales volumes, market share, gross profits, net profit and low capacity utilization” for the period from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2019.
The information filed by South Africa fastener manufacturers shows the “industry was suffering serious injury, which could be causally linked to the surge in the values of imports of the subject products.”
The announcement stated that the “applicant indicated China is the world major producer of fasteners. Therefore information on unforeseen developments focuses on the developments in China.
According to the applicant, “the Chinese significant influence and developments with regard to fasteners will have an impact on the world developments.”
During the Uruguay Round of negotiations, “South Africa did not foresee an “unprecedented steep rate of increase in the global fastener production capacity, which was mainly fueled by the growth of the Chinese and Asian fastener market” and steep increases in fastener production and exporting.
The information also pointed to the “economic slowdown of the Chinese economy and the global contraction in demand.” Combined with the “financial crisis of 2008 to 2010 had an impact on the demand for fasteners and with increased production created an imbalance between supply and demand, which added to increased export volumes.”
The information noted a “significant unused production capacity of carbon steel fasteners in China,” which “led to an increase in trade remedy actions against fastener products (including the subject product) by countries such as Canada and the United States.”
Fasteners include iron and steel threaded fasteners, bolt ends and screw studs, screw studding and other hexagon nuts of iron or steel (thus excluding stainless steel and those identifiable for aircraft).
Importing “increased sharply both in absolute terms and relative to domestic production” for four years beginning July 2014.
Interested parties may submit information or request a hearing before the commission in writing within 20 days to: Trade Remedies II, DTI Campus, 77 Meintjies St., Sunnyside, Pretoria, Block Uuzaji, Ground Floor, South Africa. Tel: (27) 12 394 3600 If information submitted is confidential, the party should give grounds justifying confidentiality.
In the opening quarter of 2019, the FIN Fastener Stock Index recouped the losses it suffered in 2018, gaining 7.2%, compared to an 8.6% increase by an index of related industrial stocks.
Most aerospace, automotive and industrial fastener companies tracked by the FINdex posted stock gains during Q1.
Carpenter Technology achieved the largest percentage gain of the period, rising 28.8% in the first three months of 2019.
Other fastener companies with gains of 10% or more during Q1 included Arconic (up 13.3%); Bisco Industries (up 23.8%); Fastenal (up 23%); ITW (up 14.6%); Nucor (up 12.6%); Stanley Black & Decker (up 13.7%); and TriMas (up 10.8%).
FINdex companies posting share losses during Q1 included Chicago Rivet (down 10.5%); Dorman Products (down 2.1%); Lawson Products (down 0.6%); and Tree Island Steel (down 4.5%).
The FINdex contracted in 2018, hampered by volatility that dominated the markets, making 2018 the worst year for stocks in a decade.
The FINdex declined 7.1% during the year, compared to a 7% drop by an index of related industrial stocks. The loss followed two consecutive years of double-digit growth.
Stanley ® Engineered Fastening has opened a new production facility in Elyria, OH, USA. Stanley executives and local government officials celebrated the opening with a March 20, 2019, ribbon-cutting ceremony. When the renovations are complete, the 101,000 ft 2 facility will be an Industry 4.0 site utilizing IIoT technology. The implementation of real-time machine connectivity and monitoring capabilities is scheduled to be completed by Q3 2019. This investment will allow Stanley Engineered Fastening to streamline manufacturing processes and increase its production efficiencies. Stanley Engineered Fastening anticipates about 70 employees will be based out of the new factory with ample space to accommodate future growth. Employees at the new production facility will manufacture Nelson branded stud welding equipment, weld studs and critical fasteners for application in the construction, infrastructure, industrial and defense markets.
The Blair County (Pennsylvania) Chamber of Commerce has inducted Chicago Rivet & Machine Co.’s Tyrone, PA, USA, facility into its Business Hall of Fame’s Class of 2018. Criteria for consideration include successfully operating within the region for 25 continuous years, a business’ involvement within the community and a review of a company’s employment growth and expansion within that time frame. The induction ceremony was held on October 15, 2018 at the Blair County Convention Center in Altoona PA, USA. Chicago Rivet & Machine Co. issued the corporate statement: “We are honored that our Tyrone team members have been recognized by the Blair County business community for their many years of outstanding and dedicated efforts on behalf of our organization. Every Tyrone team member past and present is responsible for Chicago Rivet & Machine Co.’s receipt of this hall of fame honor, for without their many years of contributions, this recognition could not be possible.” Chicago Rivet & Machine Co., headquartered in Naperville, IL, USA, is an IATF 16949-certified company.
The Hillman Group, Inc., headquartered in Cincinnati, OH, USA, is a leading solutions provider to the retail hardware market. The company has announced that it will relocate its Canadian National Distribution Centre and Head Office to a newly designed, modern 400,000 ft 2 facility located in the Metro East Business Park in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. With the construction of the 350-employee, new facility approaching its completion, Hillman is entering the last phase of its Canadian facility modernization plan, consolidating seven operations around the greater Toronto area. Starting in early 2019, a phased move of the firm’s US$200+ million Canadian business will begin in the new location. “This facility will be efficient, advanced, and most important, will provide improved benefits for our customers, suppliers and staff,” commented Scott Ride, President of Hillman Canada. Hillman Group, Inc. is a leading North American provider of complete hardware solutions, delivered with industry-best customer service to more than some 26,000 customers.
Founded in 1949, Solon Manufacturing Company is a global leader in the design and manufacture of Belleville springs, washers, industrial pressure switch products and SF6 gas density monitoring equipment to industries in over 40 countries. Today, Solon Manufacturing continues to thrive on the ideals of is founders—innovation and passion for the company and its stakeholders, which has led to 70 years of successful business, with 55 employees and three product lines.
Boker’s, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA, a metal stamping manufacturer of precision metal stampings, washers, spacers and shims, is 100 years old in 2019. Boker’s will celebrate and honor its valued customers and employees throughout the year and also the opening of its new manufacturing facility.
Boker’s is thankful and honored that it has been able to serve its customers and help them be successful over the past 100 years. The company is also grateful to be able to provide good quality jobs to its dedicated employees. Boker’s, founded in 1919 by Vitus Boker and his son, John, started their family business around their first products, an envelope folding machine and a small hand check protector. However, with his tooling knowledge, the enterprise began generating more revenue from manufacturing prototypes and custom parts for automated machinery. As word spread of Boker’s unique process for producing high-quality, short-run, stamped metal parts, the demand grew. Vitus found himself entrenched within the stamping industry as one of the pioneers of short-run stampings. The business boomed and has continued to flourish throughout the years, growing in space and customer base. Today, Boker’s is still a privately held family-owned business, guided by Vitus Boker’s principals of hard work and attention to detail, with Bill Tedlund as Chairman. From starting to help out the family business as children, the legacy continues with Bill’s children Wendy, Amy and Barry as shareholders. Chuck and Tony Kersey are the fifth generation in Sales and Marketing. Boker’s offers parts for almost every industry and product—from pay phones, coffee makers, medical devices, missiles and mail sorting machines to dental instruments, snowshoes and aircrafts. Boker’s is currently expanding its manufacturing facility to streamline processes and add capacity as product diversification continues to grow. New space adds 66,500 ft2, almost doubling the current manufacturing space.
Lawson Products, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA, a distributor of products and services to the MRO marketplace, has opened a new The Bolt Supply House branch in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, resulting in presence in all four western Canada provinces. The 12,000 ft 2 facility, in the Port Kells industrial area of Surrey, British Columbia, is stocked with key industrial fastener products.
JW Winco, Inc., New Berlin, WI, USA, A Ganter Company, has recently opened a new branch in Mexico located at Parque industrial Makro, Bodega 10, Santa Catarina, N.L. 66359. The new Mexico office telephone number is +52 (81) 27214021. The new branch has over 1200 ft 2 of office space as well as more than 10,000 ft2 of warehouse space, and features a modern design. “We will be stocking more than 4000 parts initially to improve our service to our customers in Mexico,” commented Carlos Cantu, Mexico branch General Manager. “The building features great logistics that will enable us to provide quick delivery to our customers throughout Mexico. The branch will provide our clients with local support and technical training, and of course we will continuously add new products to fulfill our clients’ needs when it comes to a wide selection of metal and plastic standard machine components.” JW Winco has also made various improvements to its Spanish website (listed below). Improvements include updating the navigation to show subgroups. The Spanish website also provides 3D CAD and on-line buying.
In order to better service its international customers, ASG, Division of Jergens, Inc., has opened a warehouse in Limerick, Ireland. ASG will now ship directly from this location to the surrounding European countries. With inventory housed locally, customers will see many benefits including reduced freight costs, duty-free shipments and improved lead time. ASG continues its mission to deliver products, services and solutions on time and at a competitive value.
A week after the Wall Street Journal reported that Arconic was nearing a US$10 billion deal to be acquired by Apollo Global Management for more than US$10 billion, the aerospace fastener and components manufacturer announced it had broken off talks with the buyer.
“We did not receive a proposal for a full-company transaction that we believe would be in the best interests of Arconic’s shareholders and other stakeholders,” stated company chairman John C. Plant.
Arconic, which includes Alcoa’s former US$1.8 billion Fastening Systems and Rings business, has been mulling possible takeovers since last summer when Apollo and two other companies expressed interest in the company.
Arconic will continue with the previously announced sale process for its building and construction systems business, Plant said.
For the third quarter of 2018, Arconic reported Engineered Products and Solutions (EP&S) revenue, primarily aerospace fasteners, increased 6% to $1.6 billion. Organic revenue was up 6%, driven by volume growth in aerospace engines and defense.
Segment operating profit was US$238 million, down $1 million year over year, as volume growth across all business units was offset by unfavorable aerospace product price/mix and manufacturing inefficiencies in the Engineered Structures business. Segment operating margin was 15.2%, down 100 basis points year over year.
Arconic was formed in 2016 after Alcoa's board unanimously approved a plan to separate Alcoa into two independent, publicly-traded companies. Torrance, CAbased Arconic Fastening Systems & Rings designs and manufactures fastening systems and rings, including specialty fasteners, fluid fittings, assembly components, installation systems, and seamless rings, for aerospace and industrial applications. Arconic employs about 1,550 people at five facilities in Texas, and more than 7,000 worldwide.
Endries International, Brillion, WI, USA, has announced that the company has acquired Industrial Products Company (IPC), Lynchburg, VA, USA. Industrial Products Company is a provider of fasteners and related production components to the original equipment manufacturing (OEM) market. In addition to the headquarters in Virginia, IPC has warehouse locations in Mississippi, Nebraska and mainland China. IPC customers are served via a variety of service offerings including on-premises vendor managed inventory systems. Operating under ISO9001 and A2LA accreditation, IPC provides quality products and services to its OEM customers. Scott Wolf, the owner of IPC will remain with the company in a leadership position. Endries is a leading distributor of fasteners and Class-C parts serving industrial OEMs worldwide. From its headquarters in Brillion, and eight USA and international distribution centers, Endries provides over 500,000 SKUs to its customer base.
by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani
Russia’s fastener export to the world is about 94.407 million USD and its imported fastener value is more than 855.206 million USD. The ratio of Russia’s exported fastener value to its imported fastener value is 0.11; Therefore, it is very clear that Russia is a dependent country in the fastener field.
This article is a study about the main partners of Russia in both sectors, which are import and export.
The following graph shows the trend of exported fasteners from Russia to the world.
The specific notes of the left graph are:
1- The trend of exported fasteners from Russia to the world is positive with a gentle slope.
2- All months show growth in comparison with the same corresponding months of the previous year, except for September 2018 showing negative growth.
3- January 2019 started with a 4.8% growth in comparison to that of January 2018.
In a simple word, the step-by-step investment in the Russian market makes sense for machine & tooling suppliers and investors.
The Main Markets for Russia’s Fasteners:
It is predictable that in a country, if the power of export is weaker than the power of import, then the exported products of the country goes to its neighbouring countries. It happened to Russia, too; Kazakhstan, Belarus and Iran are the 1st, 2nd and 4th biggest destinations for Russia’s exported fasteners. These 3 countries have bought more than 53% of Russia’s exported fasteners. The 3rd biggest market for Russia’s exported fasteners is Germany. All these 4 countries have shared 66% of Russia’s total exported fastener value.
The detailed figures of each country are shown as below:
The following table shows the value of fasteners imported from Russia and the following graph shows the market size of Kazakhstan for Russian fasteners.
The following table shows the value of fasteners imported from Russia and the graph shows the market size of Belarus for Russian fasteners.
Kazakhstan’s market for Russian fasteners got smaller from the 2nd quarter of 2017 till the end of 2018. When the value of exported fasteners increased during the same period of time, it means that Russian fastener suppliers found new markets.
The Kazakhstan market was ranked the top situation in October 2017 as it purchased 31.6% of Russia’s exported fasteners. Feb 2018 was its lowest situation when it purchased 18.8% of Russia’s fasteners.
The following table shows the value of fasteners imported from Russia and the right graph shows the market size of Germany for Russian fasteners.
The trend is the same as Kazakhstan, Belarus’s market for Russian fasteners also got smaller from the 2nd quarter of 2017 till the end of 2018. The Belarus market was ranked the top situation in September 2018 as it purchased 35.7% of Russian fasteners. December 2018 was its lowest situation when it purchased 13.3% of Russia’s fasteners.
The German market for Russian fasteners got bigger from the 2nd quarter of 2017 till the end of 2018. Germany was ranked the top situation in August 2018 as it purchased 8.7% of Russian exported fasteners. August 2017 was its lowest situation when it purchased 4.4% of Russia’s fasteners. In January 2019, the number increased sharply. It increased 200% from December 2018 to January 2019.
The following table shows the value of fasteners imported from Russia and the graph shows the market size of Iran for Russian fasteners.
The following graph shows the trend of imported fasteners to Russia from the world.
Iran’s numbers fluctuated because of sanctions. Iran can be a big market for Russia fasteners as what has been shown in March 2018 and December 2018.
China is the main supplier of fasteners to the Russian market; Russian consumers bought about 46.5% of fasteners.
Germany has 7.3%, Taiwan has 5.4% and Japan has 5.1% of the market share in Russia.
The detailed numbers of each country are shown as below:
The following table shows the value of fastener exported from China and the right graph shows the market size of Russia for Chinese fasteners.
Jun-2017Jul-2017Aug-2017Sep-2017Oct-2017Nov-2017Dec-2017
The specific notes of the above graph are:
1- The same as the exported figures, the trend of imported fasteners to Russia from the world is positive with a gentle slope.
2- All months show growth in comparison with the same corresponding months of the previous year.
3- January 2019 started with a 7.8% growth in comparison to that in January 2018.
In a simple word, the step-by-step investment in the Russian market makes sense for fastener producers.
China’s power got strong from the 2nd quarter of 2017 till the end of 2018 in the Russian market. China’s market share was ranked the top situation in July 2018 with 43.9% of the whole Russian fasteners market. October 2017 was its lowest situation with 29.9% of the whole Russian fasteners market.
Comparing China’s market share & its growth in the Russian market with the growth of Russian fastener market, it is predictable that the growth of other suppliers is very small or even negative.
by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani
Notes:
This article is focused on products within HS code 8462 machine tools, including, presses, for working metal by forging, hammering or die-stamping; machine tools, incl. presses, for working metal by bending, folding, straightening, flattening, shearing, punching or notching; presses for working metal or metal carbides.
The base year for analyzing is 2014. * All values are in thousand USD.
The machine market of China is a notable market for machine exporters. Its value is about 1.33 billion USD. Although this market became 36.3% smaller from 2014 to 2016, it recovered around 9% from 2016 to 2018.
The 3 main exporters to China are listed below:
• Japan was a leading exporter for 3 years (2015: 309.9 million USD; 2017: 311.2 million USD; 2018: 303.7 million USD).
• Germany was a leader in 2014 with 354.5 million USD.
• South Korea was a leader in 2016 with 255.7 million USD.
Taiwan and Italy are respectively ranked in the 4th and the 5th places during these years.
The details of machine exporters are illustrated below:
Japan
• Japan recorded the highest number in 2017 (with 311.2 million USD worth of machines export to China).
• It could satisfy 24.2% of the total required machines of China in 2017.
• However, it lost about 1.4% of its market share in 2018 in comparison with 2017, but still remained as the leader in export in 2018.
• The lowest market share of Japan in China was recorded in 2014 at 18.3%.
• Germany recorded the highest number (354.5 million USD) in 2014 in terms of value and this number is also the highest exported machine value that a country sent to the Chinese market.
• In terms of market share, the highest number of Germany was recorded in 2018 with 20.9% of the market share in China.
• Germany showed a sharp growth (26.7%) in 2018, in comparison with 2017.
• And, the worst number was recorded in 2016, showing a decrease of 46.5% in its export value in comparison with 2015.
• The lowest market share of Germany in China was 15.9% recorded in 2017.
• South Korea recorded the highest number (255.7 million USD ) in 2016 in terms of value.
• In terms of market share, the highest number of South Korea was recorded in 2016 with 21.0% of its market share in China.
• South Korea showed a sharp drop in 2018 and lost 22.5% of its export value in comparison with 2017.
• The lowest market share of South Korea in China was recorded in 2014 at 13.0%.
China is also one of the biggest machine exporters and its export value per year is more than 1.06 billion USD. Although its export value decreased between 2015 to 2016, it could recover from 2017 to 2018. It showed a sharp growth (19.1%) in 2018, which has been recorded as the most valuable year since 2014.
The 3 main markets for Chinese machine export are listed below:
• India was a leading importer for 2 years (2018: 118.7 million USD; 2014: 73.7 million USD).
• USA was a leading importer for 2 years (2017: 87.5 million USD; 2015: 81.5 million USD).
• Vietnam was a leading importer in 2016 with 83.2 million USD. Russia was ranked the 4th place during these years.
The details of machine importers are illustrated below.
• China exported 118.7 million USD worth of machines to India in 2018 and this number was also the highest value China exported to India since 2014.
• China exported 11.2% of its machines to India in 2018, which was its highest market share in India since 2014.
• The lowest market share it had in India was recorded in 2016 at 6.5%.
• The lowest value of machines China exported to India was recorded in 2016 (about 53.6 million USD).
• China exported 95.6 million USD worth of machines to Vietnam in 2018, representing 9% of its total machine export value at that time.
• China exported 10.0% of its machines to Vietnam in 2016 and it was the highest market share it had in Vietnam since 2014.
• The lowest market share China had in Vietnam was recorded in 2014 at 5.5%.
• The lowest value of machines China exported to Vietnam was recorded in 2014 (about 49.9 million USD).
• China exported 88.5 million USD worth of machines to USA in 2018, representing 8.3% of its machine export value.
• China exported 10.2% of its machines to USA in 2017 and it was the highest market share China exported to USA since 2014.
• The lowest market share China had in USA was recorded in 2014 at 7.4%.
• The lowest value of machines China exported to USA was recorded in 2014 (more than 67.4 million USD).
In terms of import from China, China narrowed its focus to India, Vietnam and USA. The numbers reveal that the growth of these markets since 2014 was more than the growth of the world.
In terms of export to China, China increased machine trade from Japan, Germany and South Korea in comparison with the trade it had with the other countries in the world.
compiled by Fastener World
The tension in trade between China and USA seems to be mounting again. U.S. President Trump tweeted on May 5th that the punitive additional tariff against Chinese goods worth of US$ 200 billion has increased from the initial 10% to 25% since May 10th and he is also considering imposing the additional 25% tariff against other Chinese goods worth of US$ 325 billion currently not included on the list. According to Trump, although the negotiation with China is still in progress, but it goes too slow and he would like to say “no” to China’s intention to make the negotiation start over.
Chief representative for the negotiation from China and Vice Premier of PRC’s State Council Liu He arrived in Washington D.C. on May 8th to negotiate with U.S. chief trade representative Robert Lighthizer. Some overseas media conjectured that Trump’s abrupt decision to increase the tariff may be a strategy to exert more pressure to China and force it to offer more favorable conditions.
Below are products relevant to fasteners and tools involved in the list:
The U.S. Government announced on May 9th that it has determined to impose a 25% additional tariff against US$ 200 billion worth of goods imported from China effective May 10th (the original tariff was 10%). China then responded that such an act from the U.S. resulted in the increasing tension between both countries and was against the original consensus reached between China and USA to solve trade disputes via negotiations. China also added that such an act will not do any good to both sides and is not what the international community generally expects. Accordingly, The Tariffs Regulations Committee of PRC’s State Council has determined to impose the additional tariffs against certain goods imported from the U.S. effective June 1st, 2019.
Items subject to the 25% additional tariff: 73181200 Other Wood Screws, 82042000 Interchangeable socket wrenches.
Items subject to the 20% additional tariff: 73181400 Self-tapping Screws, 73181590 Other Screws and Bolts, 73182100 Spring Washers and Other Self-Locking Washers, 73182300 Rivets, 82041100 Hand Operated Spanners and Wrenches
Items subject to the 10% additional tariff: 73181100 Coach Screws of Iron or Steel, 73181300 Screw Hooks and Screw Rings of Iron or Steel, 73181510 Screws and Bolts Having Tensile Strength Equal to or More Than 800 MPa With or Without Nuts or Washers, 73181600 Nuts, 73181900 Threaded Articles of Iron or Steel, n.e.s., 73182200 Other Washers, 73182400 Pins and Cotter Pins, 73182900 Other NonThreaded Articles, 82041200 Adjustable Hand-Operated Spanners and Wrenches, 82051000 Hand-Operated Drilling, Threading or Tapping Hand Tools, 82055100 Household Hand Tools, Non-Mechanical, With Working Parts of Base Metal, n.e.s., 82055900 Other Hand Tools, 82059000 Hand Tool Sets.
Fastener Export of China in March Reaches 240,000 Tons, up 43.4% from the Same Period Last Year
Fastener export of China in March is shown as below:
Data source: China Customs
According to the statistics of Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute (TIFI), Taiwan’s fastener export volume in 2018 was up to 1.68 million tons (up 5.25% from the same period of 2017) and the export value was US$ 4.846 billion in 2018 (up 12.75% from the same period in 2017). The average price per KG increased by 7.13% to US$ 2.884/KG. TIFI noted that the economic recovery in USA and Germany, the increase in the average price and stable material supply are all main reasons for Taiwan’s record-high fastener export in 2018. The top one fastener export destination of Taiwan in 2018 was USA, followed by Germany (showing around 2% growth from 2017). Up to 41.5% of Taiwan’s fasteners were exported to USA in 2018 (up 7.12% from 2017)
Shanghai Prime Machinery Co., Ltd. (SPM) reported the profit gain of RMB 0.28 bn with a YoY ratio of 10.66% and the revenue of RMB 9.028 bn with a YoY ratio of 6.47%. Its main business – fastener, showed an increasing revenue, which benefited from its acquisition of CP Tech in Aug. 2017. In particular, the automotive fasteners representing 83% of its total fastener sales showed the sales of RMB 5.597 bn last year, a growth of 9.7%.
The car sales and production in China appeared to be weak in 2018, which to some extent caused an impact on the demand for automotive components.
According to SPM’s President Chou, not only in China, the demand growth in the world also shows a slowdown. It is expected that the increasing demand for related components in Q1 this year will continue to slow down. However, the tax reduction policies of the Chinese Government, the price reduction announced by certain car manufacturers and the incoming car sales boosting measures proposed by the Chinese Government will be definitely helpful to boost car sales and will be beneficial to the company indirectly.
FINET (Hong Kong pres) reports the machinery parts maker and service provider, Shanghai Prime Machinery, released its full year sales record for 2018. The group’s revenue last year grew 6.5% to RMB 9.03 billion, with a comprehensive gross profit of 19.7%, down 0.2% from 2017’s 19.9%. The gross profit of the fastener business, the biggest contributor to the group’s revenue, saw a minor decline mostly because the automotive market weakened in China and Europe and the gross profit slipped down due to the price factor. The vice president said the overall gross profit may have slipped a little last year, but the fastener business with an increasing proportion will improve in the future. He said the group is deploying for “Shanghai Prime Machinery- Pan Asia” to target Southeast Asia and India.
The general manager said the trade conflict between the U.S. and China has brought bigger uncertainty to the international trade environment. The conflict has a certain level of effect on the group’s export to the U.S. For one, some of the acquisitions may have been suspended. For the other, the group imports a great deal of raw materials from the U.S. and it increased the cost last year. The vice president said the income from exporting to the U.S. used to grow 10% annually. Since the trade conflict, the growth slowed. He said if the U.S. and China could find common ground, the income growth from exporting to the U.S. could return to over 10%.
OHTAKE-ROOT KOGYO is going to expand sales of automated screw feeders used for production lines. The company is to set up a sales base in New Jersy State of the U.S. targeting sales to the U.S., Canada and Latin America. This is the first overses base for the company which is expected to push sales by 260% to JPN 2 billion. The new base will be wholly owned by OHTAKE with a capital investment between JAN 1-2 million. The current goal is to raise sales to JPN 200 million 3 years from now.
As the main product of OHTAKE, the automated screw feeders take up 75% of the total revenues. They are mainly exported to China, South Korea, Taiwan among other Asia Pacific countries, while 3% to 4 % of the export goes to the Americas. These screw feeders are mostly used by the automotive industry. OHTAKE has more customers in the west side of Tokyo, so the the company is considering setting up a base in Tokyo or Sendai.
Nissei and EVIRT Italia, both rolling machine makers, coestablished a brand named “Nissei • EVIRT"to co-develop Japan and EU markets. They will first purchase main products from each other to get to know their respective technologies. The main product of Nissei is a series of CNC 2-die rolling machines with up to 30 tons of rolling force, while EVIRT's main product is a lineup of large 2-die rolling machines with up to 120 tons of rolling force. As for 3-die rolling machines, Nissei provides vertical type machines, while EVIRT provides horizontal CNC machines. From now on, they will look for an appropriate way to sell products together.
This year, it’s exactly 125 years ago that Nedschroef was established by Dutch entrepreneur and founder Hendrik van Thiel. Back in 1894, it was still a family business producing rivets for the shipbuilding industry. Over the course of time, it gradually started shifting the supply of its fasteners to car manufacturers.
Today, Nedschroef is seen as a leading engineering and manufacturing partner in forming technologies, offering services that vary from design and production to trading and logistics. With this renewed portfolio, the company aims to fulfil the needs of customers at any point along their supply chain to help advance their business.
Throughout history, the people at Nedschroef have always been pioneers, as well as engineers. That is why in 125 years, the company has transformed many great ideas into proven solutions that hold together or help make the products of customers in a wide variety of industries. Besides automotive, these nowadays also include many other business areas such as machinery, racing and aviation.
After having turned 100 in 1994, Nedschroef’s heritage was recognized by the House of Orange, by being granted the predicate ‘Royal’. Its 125th anniversary is an even more remarkable milestone, made possible by thousands of dedicated employees and esteemed customers with whom it jointly forms ideas that are put into action.
Therefore, 2019 is the year in which Nedschroef is celebrating 125 years of ideas coming together.
Würth Revcar Fasteners, Inc. is celebrating its 50th anniversary as a leading distributor of fasteners, industrial components and vendormanaged inventory. Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) benefit from the completely transparent, datadriven vendor-managed inventory program of their fasteners and industrial components with Revcar.
On March 10 1969, Revcar, a regional fastener supply store, was founded by Jim Revercomb, Sr. and Jack Carter in Roanoke, Va. A couple of years into the venture, Carter left and Revercomb took over the entirety of the growing business. Looking to expand throughout Virginia, Revcar cultivated a customer base north and east of Roanoke. They opened another branch in Richmond, VA in 1983 to better serve these customers. During this time, Revcar began its foray into vendor-managed inventory, contracting with OEMs to provide their fasteners.
In 1996, Würth, another family-owned company from Germany that was looking to establish a presence in the United States, purchased Revcar. With Würth’s name associated with Revcar, the company began to acquire global customers. Würth Revcar’s growth and expansion continued. Today, it has six full-service branch locations in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast and 180 employees.
During the past five decades, Würth Revcar has built a tradition of excellence in providing superior customer service to its customers in almost every industry, including heavy equipment, transportation, agriculture, fitness, recreation, lawn/garden, and the military.
Looking ahead, to meet the needs of ever-evolving manufacturing industry, Würth Revcar is upgrading various warehousing systems and launching a new state-of-the-art quality program.
The LISI Group Generated Sales of 445.0 Million Euros in the First Quarter of 2019, up +6.1% Compared to 2018
LISI AEROSPACE: +7.2% (Q1 2018: -15.1%)
-Strengthening of the “Fasteners” market in Europe
-Consolidation confirmed in non-commercial aviation segments in the United States: a more moderate increase in activity with Boeing (before adjustments to the 737 production rates)
-Sustained ramp-up of new engine programs in the “Structural Components” segment
-Significant exchange rate effect related to the strengthening of the dollar, which represents +4.0% of Q1 sales
LISI AUTOMOTIVE: +1.4% (Q1 2018: +19.4%)
-European and global markets decline in line with Q4 2018
-Integration of the US company Hi-Vol in accordance with the plan
-Disposal of Beteo (Germany) since December 31, 2018
LISI MEDICAL: +21.2% (Q1 2018: -20.3%)
-Sales increase driven by the minimally invasive surgery sector
-Significant exchange rate effect related to the strengthening of the dollar, which represents +3.8% of Q1 sales
Assuming stability in most of its end markets the Group aims in 2019 to return to positive organic growth and to exceed its financial performance of 2018 thanks to the management measures already taken and to generate a largely positive Free Cash Flow.
NLMK Metalware, part of NLMK Group’s Long Products Division, is pleased to announce that now it is supplying a new type of steel products - 7x50 mm galvanized furniture fasteners used in the production of cabinet furniture. The first batch of this popular fastener has already been shipped to consumers.
Furniture fasteners (confirmat screws) are used for furniture assembly, joinery and in wood construction. They ensure stable joining of parts and are easy to use.
The machines of NLMK Metalware’s fasteners shop were equipped with the necessary tools - dies, bushings, punches, etc. to enable the production of furniture fasteners. The plant will produce close to 650 tonnes of confirmat screws annually.
Dmitry Stopkevich, Head of NLMK Russia Long Products Division, said:
“Under Strategy 2022, NLMK Metalware focuses on manufacturing high value-added products. The production of furniture fasteners is the first step in this direction. This new product will help the Company enter the segment, in which the share of imports was close to 80% in 2018.”
NLMK Metalware is one of the largest producers of metalware in Russia. The company’s product mix includes close to 900 types of wire, screws and nails.
Bryan Olson has been promoted to managing director of Mule-Hide Products Co. Inc., a subsidiary corporation of ABC Supply Co. Inc. In this position, Olson will build on the momentum that former President Jonathan Shepard and his team created before Shepard’s promotion to vice president of ABC Supply’s Southwest Region.
Prior to his promotion, Olson was the director of merchandising and exterior systems for L&W Supply. Olson joined L&W Supply when the company acquired NexGen Building Supply in May 2018. During his time as general manager of NexGen Building Supply, sales tripled, and the company gained significant market share throughout the Midwest. Olson has also held executive leadership positions in the stone and tile industry after graduating from the University of Kansas.
As managing director of Mule-Hide Products, Olson will be responsible for the complete business performance of the company, which offers low-slope roofing products, including membranes, adhesives, sealants and coatings.
PSM has gone through major improvements on Quality aspects during 2018, and has met Minth Group “A” category supplier rating with Quality requirements of not exceeding 20 PPM of defective parts delivered accumulative throughout the whole year of 2018. Hence on 10 Jan 2019, during Minth Group South China Strategic Suppliers Day 2018, PSM was nominated and also awarded the award for “2018 Quality Improvement Award”.
TR Fastenings (TR), the global specialist in the design, engineering, manufacture and distribution of industrial fasteners, has been named the winner of Fastener and Fixing (F+F) magazine’s ‘Route to Fastener Innovation 2019’ award for its selfextruding EPW screw. A record 27 products were entered into the competition and the TR screw was announced as the overall winner ahead of two runners up at Fastener Fair Stuttgart on Wednesday 20th March.
Designed, manufactured and patented at TR VIC in Italy, the EPW screw is a self-extruding, high strength thread-form fastener which creates its own female thread in punched sheet metal, thereby dramatically reducing assembly times and costs. The screw works by being aligned to the pilot hole in the sheet metal, where it then forms the extruded collar, combining the forming of the thread and the creation of a strong extruded profile, before finally tightening and clamping into the metal.
The key benefits of the EPW screw include:
• Removable and strong screw joint
• High stripping torque
• High break loose and prevailing torque
• Excellent vibration resistance, meaning it can withstand pressured environments
• Combined thread forming and creation of strong extruded profile
• Very high radial compression on screw shank
• Standard machine screws can be used in the thread created by the EPW screw
PennEngineering, a global leader in the fastening industry, announced that the company’s PennAuto division in China has been recognized as a 2018 Supplier of the Year Award by Continental Brake Systems China. The company was recognized at Continental’s Annual Supplier Conference held in Xiaoshan, ZheJiang Province, on March 15th 2019. Continental is one of the world’s leading automotive tier one suppliers.
“PennEngineering is proud to be a global premium supplier for Continental-Schaeffler, and it’s an honor for our PennAuto division to be recognized by Continental as a top-class supplier. We value their partnership and look forward to continuing our high level of quality and service for this global industry leader,” said Qiang Sun, President, PennEngineering Asia.
PennAuto has been a key strategic partner with the Chassis and Safety Systems division of Continental China since 2009, supplying a wide range of fasteners and precision components globally. They have won various awards each year since 2013 for quality and technical performance.
The Five Regions Fastener Association Conference previously with 5 members (Taiwan, Japan, S. Korea, China and Hong Kong) has been held for the 20th consecutive year and Taiwan has been appointed to host the next conference scheduled to take place at the Grand Hi-Lai Hotel Kaohsiung on November 14-15, 2019. However, after the recent withdrawal announcement of Japan from the conference, the conference is very likely to be suspended forever or take place in a different name.
TIFI (Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute) Chairman said in a recent interview, “The helms of many Japanese enterprises have been gradually taken by the second generation and they prefer technique exchange to general social activities, which they consider to be not quite beneficial in the perspective of technical development. Consequently, in February 2019 the representatives of Japan expressed their decision to withdraw from the conference.”
In addition to mailing a formal letter to inform the host country – Taiwan of its decision to withdraw from the conference, the Chairman of the Fastener Institute of Japan (FIJ) and his team also came to visit TIFI Chairman Mr. Tu-Chin Tsai and the management. According to FIJ, they do cherish the solid friendship established with all the Taiwanese friends over the past 3 decades. However, the cost of participating in the conference every year is really high, so they would like to maintain such friendship with Taiwan perhaps in other more feasible exchange activities. S. Korea is also considering withdrawing from the conference and recommends that the conference be held every two years.
The 2-day Five Regions Fastener Association Conference welcomes more than 200 participants every year and TIFI Chairman Tu-Chin Tsai is continuing his coordination with existing members from S. Korea, China and Hong Kong to discuss the possibility of reducing the scale of the event for the continuation of such a meaningful event across the regions.
NIKKAN KOGYO SHIMBUN (news media) interviewed Mr. Tubaki Syouitirou, Chairman of The Fasteners Institute of Japan, a while ago on the performance of Japanese fastener industry in 2018. The Chairman said that the production volume and value of fasteners are expected to outpace 2017. The volume will range between 3.2 to 3.3 million tons, and the value will be around JPN 900 billion. Three consecutive years of growth will bring the industry’s performance back to the level prior to the economic crisis in 2008. However, the Japanese fastener industry is in severe condition with shortage of talents and issues with business succession will continue. The Fasteners Institute of Japan will discuss a system to incorporate foreign talents into Japanese fastener manufacturing plants within 2019.
The Chairman said the evolution of AI and IoT will push the market to demand entirely different functions for fasteners. Fasteners are literally used everywhere, and say if we were to embed an IC chip into a screw to harvest big data, technically this is not something out of the question. Such screws will take an entirely different design. The Japanese fastener industry must think ahead of the current situation and find a way out. Speaking on the emergence of electric cars, he said developing fasteners of higher strength and higher quality is the way left for the Japanese fastener industry to survive the world market.
At an awards ceremony held during the 2019 Annual Meeting of the Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI) in San Antonio, Texas, the IFI Soaring Eagle Service Award was presented to Richard P. Delawder, retired from SWD, Inc.; and the IFI Soaring Eagle Technology Award was presented to David C. Goss, P.E., of Acument Global Technologies.
The 2019 IFI Soaring Eagle Service Award Recipient is Richard P. Delawder. The IFI Soaring Eagle Service Award recognizes individuals who have contributed outstanding time and effort in the leadership of the Industrial Fasteners Institute and/or contributed to the health and well-being of the entire industrial fastener industry.
The 2019 Soaring Eagle Technology Award Recipient is David C. Goss, P.E.
The IFI Soaring Eagle Technology Award recognizes individuals who have extensive experience in the industrial fastener industry and who have made significant contributions to the technological advancement of the industry. Contributions may be through extensive work on fastener standards committees; the publication of widely acclaimed principles or documents; and/or through the development of fastener-related equipment, products or processes which have been widely acknowledged as advancements in fastener technology.
The Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI), held its Annual Meeting in San Antonio, TX on March 9-12, 2019. The newly elected Chairman for the period 2019-2020 is Mr. Manny DeSantis of Valley Fastener Group, LLC; and the newly elected Vice Chairman is Mr. Kevin Johnson of Birmingham Fastener, Inc.
In addition to Mr. DeSantis and Mr. Johnson, the Board of Directors also includes:
• Preston Boyd, TRAMEC Hill Fastener
• Wayne Drysol, 3V Fastening Systems (CAM)
• Don Kubkowski, Sems and Specials, Inc.
• Chris Rink, Prestige Stamping, LLC
• Jeff Liter, Wrought Washer Mfg., Inc.
• Paula Tognetti, MNP Corporation
• Michele Clarke, Valley Forge & Bolt Mfg. Co.
• David Hebert, Freeway Corporation
• Pat Wells, The Young Engineers, Inc.
• Brian Bonebrake, Johnstown Wire Technologies Inc.
• Owe Carlsson, Arconic Fastening Systems
Division Chairs for IFI are:
Div. I – Industrial Products: Brian Stark, Rockford Fastener, Inc.
Div. II – Aerospace Fastener Products: Pat Wells, The Young Engineers, Inc.
Div. III – Automotive Industry Fastener Group: Dan Curtis, MacLean-Fogg Company
Associate Suppliers’ Division: Brian Bonebrake, Johnstown Wire Technologies, Inc.
by Jozef Dominik
If we talk about quality, we often forget the importance of the organization of production. In particular, the relationship of “ construction - logistics - assembly ” is very important. There must be coordination between these three factors. We are expertly talking about fasteners synergism.
Synergism, from Greek synergos, is understood as the cooperation or interaction of discrete factors or conditions such that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects (Aristoteles). This can be seen in the example of screw connections (Fig. 1.)
Only the interplay of the displayed three factors “ design – logistic - assembly ” will ensure a quality product and economic and environment production. In this hierarchy, construction plays a dominant role. Not only the product's technical parameters, but also its production efficiency, safety and environmental impact depend on the designer. As shown in Fig. 1, the engineer needs feedback from logistics and especially from assembly to optimize its design. This is very important. He can't work in isolation. Traditional factors affecting screw joints are:
Surface pressing
(Fig 1) Mechanical properties (Rel, Rm)
Friction coefficient Tigthening method
Operating conditions
These factors are an important but not the only one criterion for a successful design. As shown in Fig. 1 (source: SKF) construction is the third most common cause of screw connection defects. In the next texts are some tips and tricks that could improve the unflattering position of the designer and reduce the negative assembly balance in this ranking.
1. Flange nut instead of washer + spring washer combination (Fig. 3)
Advantages: fewer interfaces simpler logistics and assembly compact connection lower surface pressure (surface pressure limit of various materials. Table Nr. 1)
Such a variant is used mainly for automatic assembly in car manufacturing for example. Although they have a more complicated shape than normal screws (Fig. 4), their advantage lies in their simple assembly because they require only one mounting direction and in simple logistics.
A special case of nuts-free bolting are trilobular rolling screws (Fig. 5). Creating vibration resistant assemblies, eliminating the cutting of internal threads in ductile materials such as steel and aluminum, high strength of connection, thus lowering the cost of assembly are their biggest advantages.
Tightening accuracy is defined by a factor (Table Nr. 2). The lower it is, the more precise the tightening and the less the scattering of the prestressing force (Fig. 6) which makes it possible to reduce dimensions of screws.
Tightening groove geometry affects the amount of torque transmitted and the life of the tightening tool. In this respect, the six rounds in Fig. 7 is much better than a classic hexagon.
Table Nr. 2） = FM max./FM min (FM – assembly force) （Fig. 6. µ - friction coefficient）
8)
The quality of screw joints is determined by the synergistic effect of three important categories: construction - logistics - assembly. Although
Polyfunctionality means the ability of a fastener to perform multiple functions at once. In Fig. 8 are two typical polyfunctional screws exemplified. The trilobular screws of Fig. 5 belong to polyfunctional screws, too. The difference lies in the thread production technology.
Unified structural parts are considerably cheaper than specially manufactured components. The current fasteners market provides designers with a wide range of choices, so in most cases it is not dependent on special production. If necessary, it is important that the ununified element can be produced by conventional techniques. Interactive collaboration of designers with logistics and assembly is particularly important in this case.
designers play a dominant role in this hierarchy only their interactive synergy gives a prerequisite for successful and competitive construction.
In considering a ‘spectrum’ of fasteners, it might be reasonable to place ‘permanent’ fasteners at one end and ‘non permanent’ at the other. A definition of ‘permanent’ could mean a rivet on a ship’s hull or fastener for a luggage case handle. ‘Non permanent’ fasteners could be a vehicle seat belt fixing or a simple spring clip. The middle ground of the spectrum would include the range of ‘flexible’ fasteners as described in a previous Fastener World article.
Of course, the term ‘permanent’ fasteners would include all the growing range of ‘security’ fixings which are specially defined to be ‘tamper-proof.’ These would be graded into the types of fasteners which were impossible to remove without being destroyed and those which could be removed if the correct tooling were available. Interestingly, whilst the connotation of ‘security’ fasteners conjures the desire for ‘anti-vandal’ protection, it is probable that far more security fasteners are designed to prevent unauthorised access to the inner workings of items such as: smart phones, white goods and machine control systems.
Moving further along the spectrum, the term ‘semi permanent’ fasteners are used to describe the vast multitude of screws, nuts and bolts which once employed would never be expected to be removed but if necessary could be.
These include fasteners used in steel work construction, anchors in concrete, long and short wood screws along with nails and fitments for any and every situation.
Next would be the ‘flexible’ fasteners described previously. In many cases, these would be ‘permanent’ in the sense that they would remain embedded in the role for the life of the requirement but could also translate and/or rotate within the six degrees of freedom along or around the three cartesian axes. A good example would be the rubber mounted suspension/steering joints found on most passenger vehicles.
At the extreme end of the fastener spectrum would lie the ‘non permanent’ fixtures. Simple consideration of every day life indicates how numerous and varied these are. For example, fridge magnets, symbolic wall mounted magnetic year planners, double sided tape, adhesive non setting tack etc., etc.,
by Peter Standring
etc.. Any serious attempt to ‘classify’ this end of the spectrum would require many sub–sub sections.
To simplify matters, in this article, ‘non permanent’ fasteners will be confined to metal based products in which their functional requirements have a ‘safety’ element.
Figure One provides an illustration of the fastener ‘spectrum.’ The scale of the ‘spectrum’ is not in anyway indicative of the size or relative importance of one section to another. It simply serves to represent the types and variety of the family of fasteners in the context of their use. It is the two ends of the fastener spectrum which will be discussed here.
Construction Six degrees of freedom Catches Clips General purpose
Figure 1 A proposed ‘spectrum’ of fasteners
It is a simple matter to design a threaded fastener (nut or screw) where the torque it is tightened to is the same as the shear–yield stress of the material the part is made from. Without any evidence to support the claim, this practical knowledge must have been obtained long before people were able to calculate and predict the loadings at which this occurred! Moreover, as most folks will have discovered, when a tap or a screw shears, the repair job will take significantly longer and more effort to remove it than the initial task. There are many examples throughout history when one or a number of quick thinking individuals recognised that a failure could be turned into an asset. As mentioned previously in an article discussing the Archimedean Screw (“Following the Thread”, Fastener World Issue 168, Jan/Feb 2018, pp 326 - 330) someone watching a fruit or a shoe being translated in the water column could have realised that if the screw rotated in a threaded body (a nut) then one of the elements would translate relative to the other.
The design of anti-vandal fastening devices is primarily based on the design of the driver used to apply the action. The fastener is often a threaded screw although it could be a spring clip. Figure Two shows how the torque required to tighten a thread is unidirectional meaning that using these head designs, it would be impossible to generate any force when trying to remove it.
Companies working in the field have developed designs where using special purpose tooling this type of fastener can be removed. For the casual vandal, such fastening devices are a hundred percent successful in deterring damage. However, for the independent repairer of electrical or electronic devices often costing many hundreds of US dollars, the failure to obtain the correct tools to remove a cover means zero opportunity for business. Of course in such situations if the customer requiring a repair must use an OEM authorised outlet, then the price will be commensurate with the service –generally very expensive.
A common way to describe security fasteners of the threaded type is to call them, One Way (fixed) as in Figure Two, or Two Way (removeable). On the One Way type, in Figure Two or when the driving element (normally the head) shears off at the desired clamping load, a successful application will have been achieved. Of course exactly the same principle when applied to a ‘shear pin’ coupling two axial driving shafts together would indicate complete failure.
Without any supporting evidence it is highly likely that One Way fasteners resulted from the product of failure to unscrew early type fastener heads. ‘Caming out’ or shearing the back edge of a simple slotted head screw (when trying to remove it along with shearing of the head) must have been the pain of most users – as indeed they still are today. Again, some resourceful souls, probably those having a philosophy of a glass being half full rather than half empty, will have recognised how this type of failure could be turned into a commercial success by simply manufacturing them.
Unlike the fastener designs shown in Figure Two, most vandal proof security fasteners utilise common head drive design like Phillips, Torx, Hex, Square etc. but with a small pin upstanding in the centre. Shown in Figure Three, this simple device makes it impossible to use a standard tool to influence the fastener but using a modified tool, it can be removed hence the Two Way security fastener. So common is this method, some fastener manufacturers will provide their customers with a guaranteed, completely unique driver/tool design, for the right price of course. Such specialist items are now quite commonplace
and can be found on most ‘branded’ golf equipment like the threaded fasteners on drivers and woods. These require special torque wrenches to achieve change or adjustment. The use of two pin wrenches are also used to fasten cleats to spiked golf shoes.
Figure 3 Upstanding pin makes the use of standard tools impossible
The use of pins, nails, staples etc., are probably the most common types of nonthreaded ‘permanent’ fasteners. In our ecoconscious world this now includes wooden nails, power tool driven into laminated wooden buildings, as replacements for standard metal based fasteners. Perhaps the joint designs of medieval wooden constructions will remerge as a centrepiece of future sustainable living?
The use of split pins to lock nuts and keys to prevent shaft/item rotation, along with circlips (constraints rings) to ensure no translation takes place, are all types of semi permanent non threaded fasteners.
All restrain harnesses from baby buggies to parachutes use non permanent fasteners. Naturally their role is to secure people and things, most often during transit and then to effect a release when needed to do so. Such release mechanisms are normally termed ‘quick’ although the speed of action is generally commensurate with the urgency behind it. Unhooking a child from a car seat in a parking lot may be awkward for the parent but it wouldn’t be considered as being too urgent – depending of course on the circumstances! On the other hand the activation of an ejector seat in a jet airplane must be rapid enough to the fire the unfortunate aircrew well clear within perhaps fractions of a second.
Quick release mechanisms are also found on all manually operated (non CNC) machines where a nut translated by a leadscrew must drop out precisely when required to do so. The same is true for mechanical, pneumatic/hydraulic workholding devices and for latches, locks and all devices which secure gates, doors and entrance/exits.
Clearly, in many situations such non permanent fixing devices would/could be considered as ‘flexible’ fasteners since to operate, they need to move as in the case of a simple bolt. However, a subtle distinction may be made between say a rifle bolt which would require first a rotation followed by a translation to achieve its function. Once a round had been fired the cycle would be repeated. The comparison with a similar bolt which secured the door of a premises would not be considered as being ‘flexible’, since when locked, the bolt could reasonably be expected to remain in that condition for some time but not permanently.
A ‘permanent’ fastener must be one in which the design function required is never changed. Drilling out a rivet will naturally remove the fastening element and therefore destroy the function. Similarly a One Way threaded fastener could be removed if it had a centre hole drilled through it without damaging the thread. Then an opposite handed tapered threaded tool could be used to extract the headless element thus rendering it non-permanent but of course that would mean it would be inappropriate for further use.
In all other cases considered in the fastener spectrum, it is the timeline which determines the fastener function. The various methods and systems employed in the fastening process by dint of there only being six degrees of freedom must therefore be the same. For that reason, it is the balance between speed of operation, environment of use and specific design function which determines where a fastener will be placed on the spectrum.
An excellent example is that shown in Figure Four. As can be seen, both parts are quite old spring loaded carabiner used with ropes for climbing and securing loads. On the left is a simple clip on device which is quick acting. The one on the right is fundamentally the same except this also includes a knurled threaded cap nut which can be screwed across the moveable element
to secure it ‘permanently’. In use, the right hand carabiner is employed by the climber to secure the body harness which remains fixed during the climb whilst the quick attachment and release type on the left, forms a collection of jangling devices clipped to the harness and used as climbing aids during the activity.
It is interesting to note that whilst scientific discovery is at the forefront of creating the world in which we live –just note the many spin-offs which have resulted from the exploration of Space –on a practical level, ‘Necessity’ is still the Mother of many inventions. At one level are disenfranchised people who require the basics of water, food and medicine to survive. Often it falls to students working with Non Government Organisations (NGO’s) who try to provide low cost solutions to these problems and in doing so come up with interesting ideas for fasteners.
Poles apart are those who often dwell on the fringes of rich societies and who dedicate their lives (quite literally) to advancing the obsession they have to ‘extreme sports’ e.g. base jumping etc.. Working with often very limited resources and where legal issues are involved, sometimes in secrecy, these people who act as their own life/death test houses, make remarkable contributions in pushing the boundaries of possibility way beyond any which the vast majority of people would ever dream of.
Titanium ice screws, microlight aircraft, hang gliding and the so many more recent developments of seemingly crazy sports which have now become, or are in the process of becoming mainstream, enter the mind. This must be fertile ground for those seeking to commercially develop what tomorrows fasteners may look like and be required to provide?
by Wei-Ming Wang
electoplating coating and electroplated coating system may be the key to dominating the value of fasteners.
Fasteners play the role of hardware joint part(s). The hardware joins two or more objects together, and this affixing is crucial to the fabrication of numerous products across the expanse of industries. Unlike welds, fasteners are not permanent generally. It’s no surprise that hardware joints and objects shall exist in harmony that the detrimental changes of physical and chemical properties between joints, such as welds and fasteners, and objects need to be considered. The effect of its performance should extend far beyond shapes and sizes of hardware joints and objects.
In the use of fasteners, the fasteners should be exposed to air or their working environments. In the atmosphere of air or working environments there shall be certain corrosion conditions to cause the chemical reaction of materials. In the phenomena of detrimental corrosion there shall be negative status to physical performance. After the surface treatment, the appearance, optical, or electrical performance of fasteners should be improved. It is important that the capability of anti-rust and corrosion resistance should be increased and strengthened. The service life of product is also improved by the surface treatment.
Most fasteners are made of steel material in the form of iron alloy phase. If there is no protection of appropriate metals, materials or bonding other chemicals, the iron alloy shall be attacked easily, reacted, deteriorated to be corroded. The main techniques of surface treatments for fasteners include Conversion coating such as phosphate coating or chromate coating, electroless plating, electoplating, galvanizing, anodizing, painting, etc. Electroplating is the process of plating one metal onto another through hydrolysis, and it’s often necessary for fasteners because they, whether in the form of bolts, screws, nuts, or studs, are composed of steel. The interaction and application between electoplating coatings and other coatings become the electroplated coating systems. the quality of electoplating coatings and electroplated coating systems result in the performance of surface treatments. Therefore,
Electroplated coating systems for steel fasteners are primarily applied for corrosion protection and functional properties, such as torque/clamp force relationship. In addition, other functional properties or decorative properties can be specified such as chemical resistance, electrical conductivity, galvanic corrosion, and cleanliness. Table 1 shows commonly used electroplated coatings in relation with their main purposes and references to related ISO standards.
The schematic representation for build-up of basic electroplated coating systems is shown in Figure 1. A conversion coating increases corrosion protection on zinc, zinc alloys and cadmium coatings. It may be a passivation (chromium VI free) or a chromatation (chromium VI containing). The conversion coating can also provide better adhesion for additional layer(s) and/or additional color/paint.
An additional sealant/top coat (with or without integral lubricant) may be chosen to increase corrosion resistance and to achieve other specific properties (e.g., torque/clamp force properties, resistance to chemicals, mechanical resistance, aspect, color, thermal stability, increased electrical resistance, UV radiation resistance). The selection of the nature of a sealant or top coat should be based on desired additional properties. An additional lubricant may be applied to adjust or amend the torque/clamp force relationship.
Table 1. Coatings combination in accordance with their main purposes and related ISO standards
Electroplated Coating + Inorganic Coatings
Coating
Electroplated coatings of nickel, nickel + chromium, copper + nickel and of copper + nickel + chromium
Coating
1456
Zinc on iron or steel None or plus inorganic ISO 2081
Zinc and zinc alloys on iron or steel with Cr(VI)-free treatment
Cadmium on iron or steel
Electroplated coatings of tin
Electrodeposited silver and silver alloy
Electrodeposited gold and gold alloy coatings
Electroplated coatings of nickel plus chromium on plastics materials
Electroplated coatings of nickel for engineering purposes
Electrodeposited coatings of chromium for engineering purposes
Electroplated coatings of tin-lead
Electrodeposited zinc alloys with nickel, cobalt or iron
Electrodeposited nickel-ceramics composite coatings
Electrodeposited gold and gold alloy coatings for electrical, electronic and engineering purposes
Autocatalytic (electroless) nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings
Mechanically deposited coatings of zinc
Autocatalytic nickel over autocatalytic copper for electromagnetic shielding
The type and geometry of the fasteners should be considered when selecting a coating system and the related coating process as well as hydrogen embrittlement considerations.
The issues for type and geometry of the fasteners should be the following.
• Threads of fasteners;
• Fasteners with captive washer;
• Washers and similar fasteners;
• Fasteners with adhesive or patch;
• Prevailing torque nuts;
• Fasteners with recess, internal drive, cavity or hole;
• Screws which form their own mating threads;
• Clips and retaining rings.
Before selecting a coating system, all functions and conditions of the assembly should be considered and not just the fastener.
The functional properties of assembly should be taken into consideration such as assemblability, mountability, chemical resistance, electrical conductivity, galvanic corrosion, cleanliness, etc.
Electroplated coating systems can be applied in bulk
or plus inorganic
or inorganic
or plus inorganic
or plus inorganic
or plus inorganic
or plus inorganic
19598
2082
2093
4521
4524-3, ISO 4524-6
4525
4526
6158
7587
15726
19487
4527
12683
17334
process using barrels or in rack process. Top coats are usually applied using a dip-spin process. Electroplating for fasteners is generally a mass process. When lots of small quantities are to be coated, a suitable coating line and/or process can be necessary in order to achieve the required properties and performances for the coated fasteners. For fasteners of large size or mass, or when the risk of thread damage is to be reduced or avoided, rack processing instead of bulk/barrel processing may be considered.
When top coats are applied, the curing process (especially with higher temperature and/or longer duration) can have a detrimental effect on the properties/performances of fasteners, e.g. for cold worked fasteners, for fasteners with threads rolled after heat treatment where intentionally introduced residual stresses may be reduced, for prevailing torque nuts with non-metallic inserts.
Sealants and/or top coats are generally intended to improve the corrosion resistance of zinc based coating systems. If chemical resistance is required, organic top coats applied on electroplated coating systems are typically more resistant against acids and alkaline chemical than inorganic top coats or sealants. The electrical conductivity of electroplated coating systems with a sealant is generally sufficient for application of electrophoretic coatings and antistatic purposes. Electroplated coating systems in combination with sealants and top coats are usually not suitable for electrical grounding. In order to reduce the risk of galvanic corrosion, each part of the assembly should be considered (coated fasteners and clamped parts). A direct metal contact of coated fasteners with non-coated clamped parts should be avoided, especially for stainless steel, aluminium, magnesium, copper or copper alloys, carbon fiber materials, and carbon filled rubber. Due to their higher insulating effect, organic top coats can
improve the resistance against galvanic corrosion. The most suitable measure to reduce the risk of galvanic corrosion is to select a coating or coating system for the fastener with the same or a similar electrical potential compared to the clamped parts.
Hydrogen embrittlement is the coating process of electroplated coating systems by which hydrideforming metals become brittle and fracture due to the introduction and subsequent diffusion of hydrogen into the metal. Susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking (‘embrittlement’) is often a result of the introduction of hydrogen during forming, coating, plating, cleaning, and finishing operations, often referred to as ‘internal embrittlement’. Hydrogen also may be introduced over time (so-called ‘external embrittlement’ through environmental exposure (soils and chemicals, including water), corrosion processes (especially galvanic corrosion), cathodic protection, and/or from hydrogen generated by corrosion of a coating.
There is a risk of Internal Hydrogen Embrittlement (IHE) if the three following conditions are concurrently present for fasteners:
• with high tensile strength or hardness or which have been case hardened and tempered or cold worked to high hardness,
• which are under tensile stress, and
• which have absorbed hydrogen.
The susceptibility to IHE increases with increasing hardness of the fastener material.
Kinds of Clean, Pretreatment or Post-coating treatments of iron or steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of ISO standard should be recommended in Table 2.
Table 2. Recommended treatments to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of ISO standard
Pretreatment
Post-coating treatments
Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces for ferrous metals and alloys
Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces for non-ferrous metals and alloys
ISO 9587
ISO 9588
ISO 27831-1
ISO 27831-2
Appropriate measures for prevention of IHE for quenched and tempered fasteners depending on hardness are specified in ISO 4042:2018. It is shown in Table 3. Measures related to IHE in accordance with ISO 898-1, ISO 898-2, ISO 898-3 are listed in Table 4 for the fastener hardness between 360 HV and 390 HV.
When electroplating fasteners with specified maximum hardness above 390 HV, baking is required.
ISO 898-1, ISO 898-2 and ISO 898-3 and ISO 4042:2018 apply.
the choice of the
When baking is performed, baking conditions including temperature and duration shall be based on fastener material properties, electroplating process, and coating material.
Baking is usually performed before application of a conversion coating and/or before application of an additional sealant/top coat. In case of passivations (with or without sealant) and depending on baking temperature, baking in the passivated and/or sealed condition may be suitable, provided that corrosion resistance is not impaired.
The minimum baking temperature and duration factors are temperature, duration, permeability of the coating and coating thickness. For susceptible fasteners (e.g. with hardness/ core hardness above 390 HV) that are zinc electroplated, 8h to 10h at 190 °C to 220 °C is a minimum recommended baking duration. The common practice of baking zinc electroplated fasteners for 4h at approximately 190 °C is inadequate for extracting hydrogen because zinc is an effective barrier to hydrogen diffusion. It has been shown that a baking duration of 4h can even be detrimental and can lead to occasional failures.
Property class 10.9 fasteners that are correctly manufactured to the intended material and metallurgical properties, as specified in ISO 898-1, are not susceptible to fail
due to lHE, and do not need to be baked. Property class 10.9 fasteners are sometimes baked as a precaution against manufacturing errors or out-ofcontrol process that could render the material susceptible.
The maximum temperature and duration used in a baking process are limited by the following considerations. It should not exceed the temperature at which the fasteners were originally tempered, and should not impair the performance of the coating. Excess of temperature and/ or duration can impair the beneficial effect of thread rolling after heat treatment.
Zinc electroplated parts are usually baked at a temperature not higher than 220 °C.
Cadmium electroplated parts are usually baked to a temperature not higher than 200 °C.
Baking criteria as specified in ISO 2081, ISO 9588 and ISO 19598 may be the references and recommendation to reduce the risk of IHE.
Case-hardened and tempered fasteners include self-tapping screws (see ISO 2702), thread-forming screws for metallic materials, self-drilling screws (see ISO 10666) and screws for soft materials (e.g. plastic, wood). The surface of these screws is usually intentionally hardened to fulfil their specific functions. Requirements for case-hardened and tempered fasteners (except for self-tapping screws and screws for soft materials) are specified in Table 5 (except self-tapping screws and screws for soft materials). Requirements for self-tapping screws and screws for soft materials are specified in Table 6
Corrosion resistance is considered to be a product characteristic that can be altered as a consequence of the following factors such as physical damage to the coating from handling and transportation, and oxidation of the coating or reaction with the environment during transportation and storage. The frequency and duration of wetting and service temperatures, contact with corrosive chemicals and contact with other metals and materials (galvanic corrosion/contact corrosion) can influence the protective performance of coatings. Coatings of zinc, zinc alloys and cadmium provide cathodic protection to the steel basis metal. In contrast, It can intensify corrosion of the fastener if the coating is damaged or
pitted and metals & coatings cannot provide cathodic protection (e.g. nickel, copper, silver). Accelerated tests are commonly used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the coating system. The neutral salt spray test (NSS) in accordance with ASTM B117, ISO 9227, DIN 50021, or JIS Z2371 is used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the coating system. Sulfur dioxide test (Kesternich test) is intended for outdoor building fasteners with zinc based coating systems. DIN 50018, ISO 6988 ,ISO 3231, ASTM G87 or ASTM G85 Annex 4 should be applied if specified. The other test methods may be applied such as AASS (Acetic Acid Salt Spray), CASS(Copper Accelerated Acetic Acid Salt Spray) to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the coating system.
The corrosion protection of an electroplated coating system depends to a considerable extent on the thickness of the metal layer(s). Conversion coatings and/or sealants/top coats on zinc, zinc-iron, zinc-nickel and cadmium coatings provide protection against coating metal corrosion (formation of white corrosion).,thus providing additional protection against basis metal corrosion.
Coating thickness has a significant influence on gaugeability and assemblability; therefore thread tolerance and clearance in the thread shall be taken into account. The coating shall not
cause the zero line to be exceeded in the case of external threads, nor shall it fall below in the case of internal threads. One of the test methods shall be used to determine the local thickness of the metal layer(s) in Table 7
The coated fastener shall be free from blisters. Delamination and uncoated areas which can adversely affect the corrosion protection. Local excess of coating (e.g. in the case of top coats) shall not impair functional properties (gaugeability, torque/clamp force relationship, etc.).
It is possible to add dyes/pigments to the passivation or chromatation solution in order to give a colored aspect to the conversion layer often used for distinction purposes. Dyes/pigments may also be added to sealants/top coats to obtain colored surfaces.
If the environment temperature of fastener use is taken into consideration, elevated temperature can affect the corrosion protection of coated fasteners. Corrosion resistance related to temperature should be carried out. The corrosion resistance may be tested after a specified heating cycle. Temperature and duration shall be agreed upon, e.g.1 cycle & 1h at 120 °C, 1 cycle per 2h to 24h at 120 °C, 1 cycle 1h at 150°C. After heating the fasteners at part temperature for a specified cycle, the corrosion resistance shall still be the specified requirements.
Table 7. Test methods for determining the local thickness of the metal layer(s) Test
X-ray techniques
Coulometric method
Microscopic method
Magnetic inductive techniques
Eddy current (phase sensitive) testing
ISO 3497
ISO 2177
This method should not be used when additional non-conductive layers are present
ISO 1463 On any area(s) of the fastener
ISO 2178
ISO 21968
Before addition of any sealant and/or lubricant this method can also be used to determine the total local thickness
Torque/clamp force relationship may be determined with electroplated coating systems including sealants and/or top coats with integral lubricant and/or subsequently added lubricant.
The test method shall be agreed in accordance with other relevant technical specifications, e. g. fasteners with ISO metric thread is in accordance with ISO 16047. When required, the presence or absence of Cr(VI) shall be determined in accordance with ISO 3613:2010.
The following mandatory tests shall be carried out for each lot of fasteners:
• coating thickness;
• gaugeability/assemblability of fasteners;
• appearance.
The following tests are not intended to be applied for each fastener lot but shall be used for in-process control:
• corrosion resistance: NSS test, sulfur dioxide test or alternatively;
• supplemental/additional process verification with regard to IHE.
In-process control may be used to be final test results the same as the final process control.
Corrosion resistance related to temperature, Torque/clamp force relationship, determination of presence or absence of hexavalent chromium are all the integral performance of fasteners with Electroplated Coating System.
Reference:
ISO 4042:2018 Fasteners -- Electroplated coating systems
ISO 9587:2007 Metallic and other inorganic coatings -- Pretreatment of iron or steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
ISO 9588:2007 Metallic and other inorganic coatings -- Post-coating treatments of iron or steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
ISO 27831-1:2008 Metallic and other inorganic coatings -- Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces -- Part 1: Ferrous metals and alloys
ISO 27831-2:2008 Metallic and other inorganic coatings -- Cleaning and preparation of metal surfaces -- Part 2: Non-ferrous metals and alloys
