Resolution booklet 7th Northern Regional Session of EYP Sweden, Umeå 2019

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General Assembly Procedure 1.

Board reads the topic sentence

2. Silent reading of the operative clauses (2 min) All members of the General Assembly (GA) read the operative clauses for themselves, there will not be a reading from the podium. Everyone should have read the operative clauses beforehand. \\\\ 3. Resolution Debate (30 - 40 min) a. Proposition Speech (3 min) During this time one member of the proposing committee will go to the podium and deliver a speech on the resolution. The proposing committee presents the rationale and context of the resolution and their solutions rather than defending it to the GA. b. Position Speech(es) (2x 2 min) The Position Speech is a speech held by any other committee but the proposing. The speech can either agree with the proposed resolution or the speech can thoroughly disagree with the proposed resolution. In either way the rationale behind the position should be elaborated on.

The Position Speech should not pick at individual clauses or details but rather is used when a delegate fundamentally agrees or disagrees with the content of the resolution. Like a Proposition Speech, the Position Speech is held from the podium. c. Response to Position Speech(es) (90 sec) A delegate from the proposing committee has the chance to respond to the Position Speech(es).

The response will be delivered from the floor. d. Open debate Any committee with a point or a question on the resolution can raise their committee placard and, when recognised by the Board, pose it to the proposing committee. The Board will take 4-5 points from the floor before allowing the proposing committee to respond to all of them. During each debate, committees must raise the placard with their committee name to show that they want to speak and wait for the Board to recognise them.

There will be 3 rounds of open debate and the first two will be answered from the floor by the proposing committee and the last round will be answered from the podium.

4. Answer to rounds of debate and Summation Speech (4 min) a. Two delegates will approach the podium. The first delegate will have the opportunity to answer to the last round of open debate and summarise the whole debate. b. During the Summation Speech, a delegate from the proposing committee has the final chance to use all rhetorical energy and skill to convince people to vote for their resolution.

The time allocated is to be divided by the speakers amongst themselves but the microphone can only be passed once.

5. Voting on proposed resolution.

General Assembly Placards Committee Placard Direct Response (2x per debate) Each committee has, once per debate, the chance to directly reply to the point that was last made.

Therefore, if a Chairperson raises the “Direct Response� placard, the committee will be immediately recognised by the Board. If two or more committees request a Direct Response, the Board will decide which committee to recognise.

Point of Personal Privilege This placard may be raised by a Chairperson if a member of the Assembly requests to repeat a point that was inaudible.

Point of Order This placard may be raised by a Chairperson if a committee feels that the Board is not following appropriate parliamentary procedure.

MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS Unemployed but happy. In Finland, the two-year trial to provide a basic income to the unemployed came to an end without the outcome one hoped in terms of unemployment rates.

Taking into account these results, what stance should the EU take in the introduction of a basic income within its Member States?

Submitted by:

Elin Huss (Jämtlands gymnasium Wargentinsskolan), Elliot Norberg (Skvaderns gymnasieskola), Emilia Hamberg (Klara Gymnasium Sundsvall), Victor Fredriksson (Minervagymnasium), Selène Kohler (Chairperson, CH).

The European Youth Parliament, A.

Deeply disturbed that the two-year trial to provide a basic income to the unemployed in Finland was wrongly executed and inconclusive1,

B. Bearing in mind that the implementation of Universal Basic Income (UBI) has increased employment in part-time jobs by 17% in Alaska since 1976 2, C. Deeply conscious of the expected 47% decrease in working opportunities resulting from labour automation, such as in the case of cashier-free stores 3, D. Emphasising that adopting UBI will potentially improve the citizens’ overall wellbeing, as seen in Finland's two-year trial, E.

Aware of UBI’s potential in the stimulation of the economy, since raised capital leads to increased demand,

F.

Fully aware that not all countries can implement UBI due to various reasons, such as their economy or political values,4

G. Taking into account that UBI does not typically cover a person's monthly expenses;

1.

Encourages the Finnish Social Insurance Institution (Kansaneläkelaitos, KELA) to conduct a second, revamped UBI trial in Finland, with the inclusion of: a) a geographically dense research area, b) a more inclusive experimental group 5, c) a stronger focus on the impact of the economy;

1 Basic Income, What is There to Learn From Finland’s Basic Income Experiment? Did It Succeed or Fail?, Medium, 2019); Finland's basic income trial boosts happiness but not employment, Reuters, 2019 2 Idem.

3 Future of employment, Oxford Martin, 2019.

4 Answer given by Ms Thyssen on behalf of the European Commission, European Parliament, 2019.

5 Experimental Group vs Control Group: In our case, the experimental group received UBI and the control group did not acquire anything. The results of both groups are then compared to find differences.

2.

Authorises the Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs, and Inclusion (DG EMPL) to carry out a proposal regarding UBI to Member States;

3.

Expresses its hope that if Member States adopt UBI, it only covers the citizens’ basic needs, therefore not removing the incentive to work;

4.

Reminds Member States of UBI’s potential in financially enabling the further education of workforce that would otherwise potentially be replaced by Artificial Intelligence (AI).

MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON LEGAL AFFAIRS Regulating robots. With Artificial Intelligence becoming increasingly prominent in our everyday lives and offering new solution to societal, environmental and technological issues, how can European states address the ethical and legal challenges of decision-making and data collection brought about

by Artificial Intelligence?

Submitted by:

Natalia Boström (Minervagymnasium), Alva Xiaoli Karlman (Skvaderns Gymnasieskola), Hannes Näslund (Dragonskolan), Rama haj Youssef (Klara teoretiska gymnasium), Liisgren Haike Lauringson (Chairperson, EE).

The European Youth Parliament, A.

Recognising the lack of communication on Artificial Intelligence (AI) on a national and international level,

B. Pointing out the lack of education regarding AI and AI programming in educational levels such as high school and university, C. Acknowledging the lack of financial investments and resources regarding research in the field of AI, D. Alarmed by the lack of specific legislation in the European Union (EU) and its Member States regarding the decision-making process of AI in line with the Ethics Guidelines for a Trustworthy AI 1, E.

Concerned by the lack of professional programmers in the field of AI,

F.

Aware of the complicated and often misleading “Terms and conditions” agreements in relation to the protection of our personal data,

G. Noting the issues regarding the usage of collected private data by AI, such as: i) the lack of adequate supervision when it comes to companies using private data without one’s consent, ii) the lack of specific laws in the field of data protection; 1.

Supports the EU’s decision to create a worldwide union for AI;

2.

Encourages the EU to cooperate with other countries outside the EU by sharing information on technological progress made in the field of AI;

3.

Further encourages Member States to cooperate with each other and the European AI Alliance 2 in the field of AI;

4.

Requests the European Research Council3 to invest in AI technology research;

1 Ethics Guidelines for a Trustworthy AI, AI HLEG, 2019 2 The European AI Alliance is a forum created by the European Union to create a place to have open discussions on things relating to the AI. 3 The European Research Council was created by the European Commission to help fund scientific and technological research.

5.

Recommends Member States to invest 0.5% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in AI technology related research;

6.

Further recommends Member States to implement mandatory courses related to AI and AI programming in IT studies in universities;

7.

Invites Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO’s) to organise theme days on AI related topics in secondary schools;

8.

Suggests the European Commission to take into consideration the recommendations made by the European AI Alliance and the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) 4 when creating laws regulating AI;

9.

Further suggests that companies implement higher salaries for jobs in the field of AI and AI programming;

10. Calls upon the European Commission to establish legislation demanding the summarisation of “Terms and conditions� agreements up to a certain word limit; 11. Demands that Member States have periodical controls and check-ups on companies processing personal data in compliance with the GDPR5.

4 High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) is a group that consists of 52 experts from fields such as civil society, academia and industry.

5General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Digital guardian, 15.07.2019

MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON WOMEN’S RIGHTS AND GENDER EQUALITY Unequal representation: research increasingly shows that women are still underrepresented in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields all around Europe. What steps can governments take in order to increase gender equality and representation in STEM jobs?

Submitted by:

Frida Lindgren (Klara teoretiska gymnasium), Ludwig Nordin (Dragonskolan), Linnea Schaletzky (Jämtlands gymnasium Wargentinskolan), Liv Zetterberg (Skvaderns gymnasieskola), Thomas Irrera (Chairperson, CH).

The European Youth Parliament, A.

Convinced that deeply rooted gender stereotypes1 negatively affect women’s career choices,

B. Deeply disturbed by the fact that 50%2 of women have experienced gender discrimination in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields in comparison to only 19% 3 of men, C. Fearing that sexual harassment towards women in the STEM fields may cause them to leave their occupation, D. Realising that in certain Member States women tend to stay at home instead of working, due to a lack of support systems such as: i) subsidised kindergartens, ii) sufficiently long and paid maternity leave, iii) temporary parental benefit4, E.

Further realising that the long duration of STEM studies in addition to the previously mentioned conditions may lead to more women not pursuing a career in STEM fields,

F.

Noting that the Unadjusted Wage Gap 5 in STEM fields is 4% higher than the average wage gap in the EU6,

G. Further noting that the Adjusted Wage Gap7 in STEM fields is alarmingly high, H. Fully alarmed by the lack of sufficient action by organisations such as the STEM Alliance 8;

1 Gender stereotypes are preconceived ideas by which females and males are arbitrarily assigned roles and characteristics determined and limited by their gender.

2 E. Chuck, Half of women in STEM have experienced gender discrimination at work, study finds, 2018 3 Ibid 4Temporary parental benefit corresponds to time-off which can be given to parents in Sweden in certain situations such as their child being ill.

5 The unadjusted wage gap does not take into account differences in hours worked, occupations chosen, education and job experience.

6 European Commission, the Gender Pay Gap situation in the EU. 7 The adjusted wage gap takes into account differences in hours worked, occupations chosen, education and job experience.

8The STEM Alliance – inGenious Education and industry, brings together Industries, Ministries of Education and education stakeholders to promote Science, Technology, Engineering and Math education and careers

1.

Encourages Member States to implement courses in their school curricula that aim to promote gender equality and to reduce baseless gender norms;

2.

Calls upon the European Commission to propose legislation to: a) impose harsher penalties for sexual harassment, b) accept the anonymous reporting of witnessed sexual harassment;

3.

Urges the Justice and Home Affairs Council Configuration 9 to motivate Member States’ police forces to pursue investigations on sexual harassment cases;

4.

Strongly advises the European Agency for Safety and Health At Work (EU-OSHA) 10 to revisit their 2007 Framework on Harassment and Violence at Work 11;

5.

Expresses its hope that Member States will follow the example of countries such as Sweden by: a) offering longer paid maternity leave, b) subsiding child care institutions, c) providing temporary parental benefit;

6.

Recommends universities to follow in the footsteps of the University of Stirling 12 in regard to supporting studying mothers by providing free daycare;

7.

Advises Member States to follow the new Icelandic law 13 on requiring companies to prove that they pay women and men equally for equal work;

8.

Requests the European Commission to launch a social media campaign to promote the uprooting of the stigma on salary transparency;

9.

Invites the European Commission to fund organisations such as the STEM Alliance to help them achieve their goals;

10. Further requests the European Commission to revamp their campaign “Science : It’s a girl thing” 14; 11. Congratulates the European Centre for Women and Technology 15 for its work on the representation of women in STEM.

to young European's and address anticipated future skills gaps within the European Union.

9 The Justice and Home Affairs Council develops cooperation and common policies on various crossborder issues, with the aim of building an EU-wide area of freedom, security and justice.

10 The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work is a decentralised agency of the European Union with the task of collecting, analysing and disseminating relevant information that can serve the needs of people involved in safety and health at work.

11 The 2007 Framework on harassment and violence at work has as its goals the increase of awareness and understanding of employers, workers and their representatives of workplace harassment and violence, provide employers, workers and their representatives at all levels with an action-oriented framework to identify and prevent and manage problems of harassment and violence at work.

12University of Stirling, Psychology Kindergarten.

13Government of Iceland, Equal Pay Certification, 2017.

14 “Science : it’s a girl thing” was a campaign put out by the European Commission in 2012 with the aim of motivating more high-school girls to pursue studies and careers in science-related fields.

15 The European Centre for Women and Technology (ECWT) is a partnership composed of more than 130 organisations and a high number of experts in women in the STEM and Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) fields.

MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC AND MONETARY AFFAIRS New Horizons. As the Horizon 2020 framework is coming to an end, the innovation performance of the EU has increased, but is still lagging behind in many areas. How should the efforts of the public and private sectors in the EU be coordinated, in addition to the creation of the Horizon Europe framework, in order to deepen the innovation edge and increase Europe's competitiveness on a global level?

Submitted by:

Anna Albertsson Adolfsson (Jämtlands gymnasium Wargentinsskolan), Emil Berlin (Skvaderns gymnasieskola), Oliver Marthin (Minervagymnasium, Albin Wenngren (Dragonskolan), Rebecca Byström (Chairperson, SE).

The European Youth Parliament, A.

Noting with regret that the EU’s financial investment in Research and Development (R&D), relative to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP)1, is lower than in countries in North America and Asia,

B. Aware that researchers in untrendy fields have lower chances of receiving funding from the Horizon 20202 investment project3, C. Deeply concerned by the EU’s unsuccessful attempts to attract as many students and companies as North America and Asia due to the universities in the latter countries having higher rankings 4, D. Deeply regretting the gender gap in the technological labour sector 5;

1.

Request the European Commission to increase funding for R&D in the Horizon Europe initiative 6 through the European Investment Fund (EIF)7;

2.

Urges Member States to launch a media campaign to increase the worldwide awareness of European universities through social media platforms, such as Instagram and Facebook;

3.

Suggests that Member States increase investment in student housing and university education;

4.

Calls upon the European Investment Bank (EIB) to increase investment in start-up companies through the European Investment Fund (EIF);

1Europe 2020 Indicators - R&D and innovation , Eurostat, 2019.

2 Horizon 2020 is the Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development created by the European Union.

3 European research funding: it’s like Robin Hood in reverse, 2014.

4 World University ranking 2019, Times higher education, 2019.

5 Woman in Science and technology, Eurostats, 11-02-2019 6 Horizon Europe is a planned 7-years European Union scientific research initiative meant to succeed the current Horizon 2020 program.

7 The European Investment Fund is a European Union Agency for the provision of finance to small and medium-sized enterprises.

5.

Encourages the Educational University Association (EUA) to raise awareness of women’s achievements in the technology labour market through seminars and campaigns.

MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION BY THE COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGE Going neutral. With the deadline to communicate a long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategy to the UNFCCC being early 2020, what should the EU include in its strategy in order to reach the European Commission’s ambitious vision of achieving climate neutrality by 2050?

Submitted by:

Anna Nordbäck (Skvaderns gymnasieskola), Axel Jonsson (Jämtlands Gymnasium Wargentinskolan), Ellen Svedin (Klara teoretiska gymnasium), Elsa Wännström (Minervagymnasium), Emma Edlund (Skvaderns gymnasieskola), Shona Roberts (Chairperson, UK).

The European Youth Parliament, A.

Emphasising the fact that scientists are 95% certain that humans are the dominant cause of global warming since the 1950s1,

B. Aware of the significant rise in global sea levels since 1900 2, which was caused by the melting of the ice caps, C. Having studied that the oceans have absorbed one third of greenhouse gas emissions 3 which is harming the marine ecosystem, D. Keeping in mind that 40% of Antarctica’s melting has occurred in the last ten years 4, E.

Noting with satisfaction that the EU over-achieved its 2020 greenhouse gas reduction targets 5,

F.

Bearing in mind that the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) regulates 45% of total EU greenhouse gas emissions6,

G. Taking into consideration that some Member States, such as Poland, are unwilling to act against climate change, H. Recognising that renewable energy, nuclear fusion and fission are important in the decarbonisation of the electricity sector, I.

Noting with concern the high levels of economic loss as a result of climate change;

1.

Calls for the European Commission to withdraw all subsidies associated with the Common Agricultural Policy;

2.

Urges the European Commission to increase subsidies for the building of renewable energy structures across the EU;

3.

Expresses its hope that the European Commission enacts legislation in order to:

1 IPCC Climate Report, UN, 2013 2 W.V.R Horton, R.E. Kopp, A.N. LeGrande, and A Romanou, 2017 3 Ecowatch, O. Rosane, 2019 4 Shepherd, A., Ivins, E., Rignot, E. et al. Mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2017. Nature 558, 219–222 (2018) 5 The New Legislative Framework for Energy and Climate Action, 2019 6 The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), European Commission, 2016

4.

a) bring about a further decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, b) impose sanctions on Member States who do not actively attempt to reduce their greenhouse emissions; Recommends that Member States monitor forestry in order to offset carbon dioxide emissions;

5.

Calls upon the European Commission to expand the EU ETS to cover more companies and EU trading partners;

6.

Requests that the European Commission increases funding to the Innovation Fund and Euratom;

7.

Declares accordingly that the European Commission should promote a greener energy mix.

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