JARGON BUSTER

in a row before being considered well enough to leave quarantine, even if not displaying any clinical signs during their quarantine period.

At least two faecal samples throughout the quarantine should be screened for parasites. Viral screening with appropriate PCR and/or serological testing for the type of snake acquired is advised depending on the individual species’ susceptibility to certain viruses. It is recommended that new Boidae and Viperidae should be screened serologically for paramyxovirus, and Boidae also be screened for arenavirus, for instance. Depending on the known history of the snake, its source, and if they are displaying any clinical signs of disease, further investigations such as bloodwork or culture and sensitivity testing may be additionally indicated.

Summary

Respiratory disease in snakes is often multifactorial, with a large proportion of infections caused by commensal bacteria due to an individual being immunocompromised. Good husbandry, biosecurity, and quarantine measures are all contributing factors that help limit and prevent the spread and development of not only respiratory problems but other potential disease processes.

Epithelium – the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal (the whole passage of food from mouth to anus) and other hollow structures.

Cilia – Microscopic hair-like structures that vibrate to move fluid or provide propulsion.

Apnoaea – A temporary cessation of breathing (especially during sleep).

Boidae/Boids – Referring to the “boas” and “pythons” of the Boidae family.

Coelom – A fluid-filled body cavity that contains the organs, such as the lungs or heart.

Aerobic – Able to grow in the air.

Bacili – A type of bacterium.

Antibiosis – An antagonistic relationship between two organisms where one is harmed (the opposite of symbiosis).

Prophylactic – Intended to prevent disease.