Eurofish Magazine 5 2011

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ISSN 1868-5943

October 5 / 2011 C 44346

October 5 / 2011 Eurofish Magazine

Romania EUROFISH International Organisation

New auction coming to Tulcea on the Danube Delta Germany supports reform of CFP Successful Polish trials to restock the Baltic Sea with sturgeon FAO to collaborate with North Atlantic Seafood Forum is a member of the FISH INFO network

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In this issue

Polish fish farmers experiment with modern technology and new species Poland – Aquaculture in Poland is not only a means to supply the Polish market with fish, but also has a very important role to play in the restocking of various inland waters as well as the Baltic Sea. Common carp is the dominant farmed species, followed by rainbow trout. Other freshwater species are also produced, usually in polyculture with carp. Polish farmers are farming a number of new species and are also experimenting with modern technology such as recirculation systems on a large scale. Read more on page 41 Romania – With help from the European Fisheries Fund the Romanian government is planning several infrastructure projects along the country’s Black Sea coast. These include the building of landing sites and storage facilities as well as a new port at Midia and an auction in Tulcea. For the first time a market survey has been commissioned to study Romanian fish and seafood consumers and to analyse their habits. Taken together these efforts will result in more fish being landed at proper landing sites, where they can be placed in storage, more fish going through the official system, and a better understanding of consumer tastes and preferences. Read more on page 19 Germany – With a mere 2.1% of all EU fishing vessels and a catch volume of about 5% of the total EU catch, Germany is not in the major league of European fisheries nations. However, about 41,000 people work in the industry including the fishing sector, catering, wholesale and retail, inland fisheries, processing, and aquaculture, accounting for sales worth about EUR6bn annually. And the fisheries ­sector plays a disproportionately important role in the economic, social, and cultural life of communities along the coast and along inland water bodies. Germany has been a strong supporter of the Common Fisheries Policy Reform, which it feels must put sustainability at the top of the agenda, so that communities that are dependent on the fisheries sector can continue to thrive in the future. A ban on discards is supported by the government, but is unpopular with the industry, as is the introduction of surveillance cameras on board fishing vessels. Read more on page 37 Aquaculture – In the fourth chapter of A Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture that is being serialised in the Eurofish Magazine, the author, Jacob Bregnballe, describes the practical details to be taken into account before actually launching a fish farming project. These include the selection of the fish to be farmed based on the price and demand, the identification of the site and the technology, finding the workforce and a competent manager, and last but definitely not least, arranging the finance. A business plan will give an overview of the whole project including budgets and finance. The production plan, on the other hand, is the basic working document that shows how to achieve a certain output. This has to be revised regularly as the fish may under-perform or over-perform resulting in lower or higher ­production. Read more on page 58 Temperature-controlled transport chain – Foodstuffs generally need to be kept at a certain temperature to maintain their shelf-life. In addition, there are legal requirements that the temperature is monitored and recorded at each transfer point and that a continuous history of the product’s temperature is maintained. TTIs (Time Temperature Indicators) are a simple and robust solution to show whether a product has been kept at the desired temperature. Pigments, wax, polymers, enzymes and microorganisms are some of the materials on which different TTIs are based. Another solution for maintaining a record of product temperature throughout the transportation chain is the data logger. Although more expensive than TTIs, data loggers maintain a continuous record of the temperature and can send a warning to a remote operator if the set temperature is exceeded. Read more in Dr Manfred Klinkhardt’s article from page 49 www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Table of News 6 International News

Events 14 North Atlantic Seafood Forum, 6-8 March 2012, Oslo, Norway 16 Seafood Barcelona, autumn 2012, Barcelona, Spain 17 China Fisheries and Seafood Expo, 1-3 November 2011, Qingdao, China 18 fish international, 12-14 February 2012, Bremen, Germany

Romania 19 Romania is investing in infrastructure New landing sites, storage facilities to come up along the coast 25 S.C. Miadmar HDP srl manufactures without using additives Frozen pike-perch and perch fillets for Germany and Switzerland 29 S.C. Pirania srl has benefited from EU funding programmes Farmed freshwater fish supplied live to the Romanian market 31 Doripesco plans to expand its distribution Traditional fish products soon to be available nation-wide 34 S.C. Costiana srl makes distribution more efficient An old company finds new ways to sell seafood products

Germany 37 Germany supports Common Fisheries Policy reform Achievements in stock management must be expanded

Poland 41 Polish aquaculture and lake fishing at the beginning of the 21st century Recirculation technology establishes itself in Poland 47 Recovery of Baltic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus Mitchill in Poland Sturgeon restocking programme gives positive results 4

Catches of Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus spawners in the St. John river (Canada).

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Contents Processing 49 Technical options for controlling the cold chain Adequate cooling ensures quality and freshness

Fraud 52 Fraud in the seafood trade Importance of pre-shipment inspection

Technology 54 Software sends feedback to mangers to optimise production Baader closely integrates hardware and software to improve productivity 55 Dybvad Stål Industri makes high-quality plate freezers User-friendly design and robust construction

Trade and markets 56 Promotion campaigns for bivalves likely to increase demand Consuming bivalves has numerous health benefits

Worldwide Fish News Belgium

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9

Denmark

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9

Germany

pages 6, 8, 12, 37-40

India

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12

Italy

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6, 9

Norway

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10

Poland

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41-48

Romania

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Switzerland

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Turkey

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UK

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USA

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10 6, 8, 10

Aquaculture 58 Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture Chapter Four: Project planning and implementation

Fish Info Network News 61 News 61 Publications

Guest Pages 64 Tomasz Kulikowski, Chairman, Polish Fish Market Development Association “Systematically educating the young about nutrition will engender an interest in fish”

Service 63 Diary Dates 66 Imprint, List of Advertisers

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[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] Italy: Mediterranean Seafood Exposition in Rimini is the way to the Italian market

Germany: Salmco wins big order from Baltic customer at Brussels Seafood fair

Fish and seafood imports to Italy reached almost EUR4bn in 2010, an increase of 10.8 compared with 2009, while exports grew 4 to EUR520m. Each of Italy’s roughly 60m people consumes about 24.7 kg of fishery products per year. This is more than the annual EU average of 22.3 kg/capita. Domestic production in Italy in 2007 was only 467,631 tonnes, so the balance comes from imports.

The need to import fish represents an opportunity for foreign producers that the organisers, Rimini Fiera, of the Mediterranean Seafood Exposition in Rimini are seeking to exploit. The event covers the entire fish production process,

At the ESE / SPE 2011 in Brussels Salmco Technology, Hamburg received the largest single order it has ever had in its 27-year history. The contract was initially for six double lane SM 5418 slicers. Then, to achieve the planned capacity expansion more effectively and faster the order was increased and a further two machines added. The customer from the Baltic States who has been working efficiently with six double lane Salmco SM 5418 slicers for several years will receive the additional new eight machines at the end of October.

In close cooperation between

from fresh to frozen products, as well as technology, equipment, and processing methods. The fair will be held from 25 to 28 February 2012 and will be held together with events for frozen food, wine, and other foodstuffs, that will bring thousands of representatives from the international food trade to Rimini for these four days. In addition to displays of the latest developments in the fish and seafood sector, the MSE will include a number of seminars and workshops that are expected to attract representatives from major trade associations and institutions to discuss common issues and to promote the fish and seafood sector.

The Mediterranean Seafood Exposition in Rimini on 25-28 February 2012 will once again be held together with five other food and drink events.

Salmco and their customer the machines were modified so that they can be integrated seamlessly into the company’s sophisticated salmon processing. Adjustments were made to optimise automatic picking and packing and vacuum packaging and thereby significantly increase profitability. Salmco increased its qualified staff to ensure that despite full order books the eight machines can all be fitted in one go in September and October. If everything goes according to plan they will be installed and ready for operation at the beginning of November 2011.

The final assembly of the eight SM 5418 slicers is on schedule for delivery early in November 2011.

Turkey: New regulations to increase minimum catch sizes for bluefish, grouper Mr Mehdi Eker, the Turkish minister for Food Agriculture and Livestock has said that the minimum catch sizes of bluefish and grouper will be increased from 14 to 20 cm and from 30 to 45 cm for bluefish and grouper respectively, reports the Hurriyet Daily 6

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News. The regulations are being tightened in response to a campaign by Greenpeace to demand higher minimum catch sizes for certain species. The new catch sizes were, however, not endorsed by the NGO, who said in a statement that the minimum size for

bluefish should be 25 cm not 20 cm, as most bluefish start reproducing when they are 24-25 cm.

The organisation was also critical as the new regulations do nothing for turbot, which is also threatened. The minister said that the regulation meant that bluefish

below 20 cm would not be caught and if necessary a second step would be taken. “We need to preserve all kinds of fish and save them for the next generation,” he added. To enrich the waters around Turkey 5.2 million fry had been released in the water in 2010. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] Germany: New plastic packaging offers the benefits of metal cans with added flexibility

Turkey: Turkish fisheries and aquaculture sector to exhibit in force at Future Fish

A new type of packaging from Weidenhammer Plastic Packaging, the plastics division of the Weidenhammer Packaging Group, combines the airtight effect of metal packaging with an easy-open, peel-off, and resealable lid. The new packaging, called PermaSafe, is also microwaveable so that the contents can be served either hot or cold.

Appel, a manufacturer of high quality canned fish, is using the new packaging for its latest line of “Snacks & Salads” products.

Six varieties of these products as well as four gourmet herring fillet specialities have been released this summer. The new packaging combines in-mould labelling with embossing to give the container a high-quality look and feel. Appel cooks the snack foods in the containers at a temperature of around 121°C to guarantee a twelve-month

Future Fish Eurasia, the Turkish show for the fisheries and aquaculture sector, will be held at the Izmir International Fair Centre, 7-9 June 2012. The fair showcases farmed and capture production, processed products, and equipment for the sector, and is the place to meet a cross section of the industry and gain a foothold in the rapidly growing Turkish market. Turkish fishery production increased by 4.83 in 2010 to reach 653 thousand tonnes, according to a report from the Turkish Statistical Institute. This includes capture fish and other products (485,939 tonnes), and farmed fish (167,141 tonnes). Aquaculture production can be further divided into marine (53) and freshwater (47). The main farmed freshwater species is trout, while seabass and seabream are the primary farmed marine fish. Farmed fish production increased by 5.3 in

shelf life. The containers and in-mould labels withstand the cooking process without any damage. After cooking, a re-sealable lid is attached with an adhesive label listing the best-before date. For Weidenhammer the endorsement from Appel is welcome as it shows the new packaging can also be used for sensitive items like fish and is thus a real alternative to conventional metal packaging. A number of solutions for barrier packaging are currently being proposed for the market.

But unlike PermaSafe, these products are still on the drawing board and have yet to be seen on supermarket shelves. Founded in Hockenheim, Germany in 1955 the Weidenhammer Packaging Group has 12 production sites, 1,000 employees and projected annual sales of over €220 million in 2011.

Gourmet canned fish manufacturer Appel is selling a new line of products in PermaSafe packaging supplied by Weidenhammer Plastic Packaging (WPP), the plastics division of the Weidenhammer Packaging Group.

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2010. Turkey is surrounded by four seas, the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Aegean Sea, but the fishery in the Black Sea is responsible for more than 75 of the capture production. Despite this, Future Fish Eurasia, after consulting with the industry, moved the event from Istanbul to Izmir. Izmir is the third largest city in Turkey after Istanbul and the national capital Ankara. It is also close to the major marine fish farming areas in the Aegean Sea. The move to Izmir was a success, says Levent Akdogan, the organiser of Future Fish Eurasia, the number of visitors increased by 32 compared to the last edition in Istanbul, and the number of exhibitors and stand space also went up. For the 2012 event 75 of the booth space has already been taken, and 91 of the last event’s exhibitors have rebooked their stands.

Three quarters of the space at Future Fish Eurasia 2012 is already sold out. The event will be held 7-9 June 2012 at the Izmir International Fair Centre in Izmir, Turkey.

www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 6:51 PM

[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] Belgium: Commission proposes fishing opportunities in the Baltic Sea The European Commission has tabled its proposals on fishing opportunites in the Baltic Sea. These entail increases in the TACs (Total Allowable Catches) for both stocks of Baltic cod and for two stocks of herring (Western and the Gulf of Bothnia), however TAC’s for other species have been decreased sharply.

These include the central and Gulf of Riga herring stocks,

the TACs of which have been reduced by 33 and 21 respectively. The TAC for Baltic salmon has been reduced by 80 in the main basin and by almost 30 in the Gulf of Finland stock. The TAC for sprat goes down by 26 to 213,110 tonnes and because of the lack of data on the size of the plaice stock, the proposal is for a 25 reduction in the TAC in accordance with the

precautionary principle until more data has been collected.

The proposals will be discussed at the Fisheries Council (of fisheries ministers) in October before a final decision is taken.

Environmental organisation Oceana has criticed the proposals for being too timid. In a press release the organisation said that the Commission has not fully followed its own commit-

ment to apply a 25 precautionary reduction for stocks where data is lacking. Commending the Commission for reducing TACs on some stocks to allow them to recover, Oceana said that species such as seatrout, brill, dab, flounder, and turbot still lack a proposal for a TAC, despite scientific recommendations to restrict fishing for seatrout and freeze catches for brill and dab.

Denmark: Anglers can now buy fishing licenses with mobile telephones In Denmark anglers between the age of 18 and 65 are required by law to have a license to fish. The Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries has made it easier to acquire a license by enabling anglers to purchase it with their mobile telephones by going to a website www.m.fisketegn.dk.

The new site not only allows

anglers to buy a license, but can also show them whether they are fishing in an area where angling is permitted. The angler can see his position on a map, which shows him whether he is in a no-fishing zone. To do this, however, the telephone needs to have a Global Positioning System (GPS). The newly launched website is also a

source of useful information for the angler. Here he can see when the closed seasons are for different species as well as what the minimum catch sizes are. There is also information including pictures, identifying characteristics, and catching methods for the different fish in Danish waters. Illegal fisheries can also be reported

on the website. Last year about 200,000 anglers bought licenses in Denmark. In addition there are tourists who like to fish. The website gives them an easy and flexible means to buy a license as well as inform them about where and when they may fish. The website is in Danish, German, and English.

Italy: FAO initiates discussion on voluntary guidelines to secure small-scale fisheries A recent discussion paper by the FAO on developing voluntary guideline to secure sustainable small-scale fisheries presented some interesting facts on the sector. Small-scale fisheries are

estimated to contribute almost one half (46) of global marine and freshwater catches, a figure that goes up to 54 in developing countries. When considering fish for human consumption

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small-scale fishers are responsible for two thirds of all catches.

Small-scale fishers make up 90 of the approximately 35m capture fishers in the world and the sector supports a further 85m people in

ancillary jobs such as processing distribution and marketing. About half the people involved in the sector are women and it is a vital source of nutrition, income generation, and food for local markets.

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[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] While small-scale fisheries play a significant role in poverty alleviation and food security, a conference on the subject in 2008 concluded that the sector was yet to realise its potential to significantly contribute to sustainable development. The FAO fisheries

and Aquaculture Department together with several partners is now formulating a set of international guidelines for securing sustainable small-scale fisheries. The guidelines will be voluntary and will contribute to policy formulation at national and regional levels

and both the final product and the process are expected to have a favourable influence on securing small-scale fisheries and creating benefits. The objectives of the guidelines are to give advice and recommendations, establish principles, and provide information

for national and local governments, and other stakeholders.

Developing the guidelines follows a detailed consultative process and the final draft guidelines will be presented for adoption at the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) meeting in July 2014.

Turkey: Fishing season opens again on 1 September amid controversy

Switzerland: Novartis Animal Health significantly expands vaccine R&D centre

Turkish fishers were out in their boats for the first time after the closed season ended on 1 September, reports Hurriyet Daily News. The ban on fishing prevents large fishing vessels from operating in Turkish waters and is not without controversy. Originally extending from 1 April to 1 September, the start of the ban was postponed till 15 April to accommodate large fishing interests.

Environmental groups want the ban extended to 1 October saying that the period from April to October is the crucial time

Novartis Animal Health (NAH) has announced a USD2.8m expansion of its Centre for Aqua Research & Development on Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada. Construction has already begun on the facility, which will add a new state-of-the-art laboratory and office space to support the continued growth of the aquaculture R&D programmes at the centre. The PEI facility is the company’s global centre for vaccines to prevent viral and bacterial diseases in farmed fish. NAH has developed and licensed vaccines for infectious salmon anaemia

when the fish lay their eggs.

Bayram Öztürk, the chairman of the Turkish Marine Research Foundation and a professor of fish biology at Istanbul University, says the original ban must be reinstated if not extended to 1 October to allow the fish to breed and secure the stocks for the future. Fish resources are under pressure because of overfishing and a large fishing fleet and permitting catches in September while the fish are still carrying eggs exhausts the stocks even more rapidly, says Greenpeace.

virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, which are deadly to salmon and financially damaging to fish farmers. Today, NAH offers a broad range of salmonid vaccines as well as products to control sea lice. The company has also decided to dedicate resources to support the recently established Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC) in Bergen, Norway.

Novartis Animal Health is working together with industry partners including Marine Harvest, Lerøy Seafood Group, EWOS Innovation, and Patogen Analyse AS in the battle against this parasite.

Norway: Interaction between farmed and wild salmon needs more study

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salmon populations, Celeste Jacq, scientist, says that knowledge of different wild salmon populations, their size, the area they cover, and the importance of local adaptation is necessary before any conclusions can be reached about escaped farmed salmon’s influence on these aspects. In the third report Lilli-Heidi Johansen, scientist, managed an interdisciplinary team of scientists from Nofima, the Norwegian Veterinary Institute, and the Institute of Marine Research who studied what is known about pathogen transfer between farmed and wild fish. The researchers concluded

that there is little or no documentary evidence for the transfer of pathogens between farmed and wild fish, though it is probable that some transfer occurs. The team also established that little is known

about naturally occurring pathogens in wild fish populations. The studies were commissioned by the Fishery and Aquaculture Industry Research Fund, which is financed by a levee on exports.

NSEC / Per Eide Studio

Three new salmon research reports from Nofima show that we still know too little about the interaction between farmed and wild salmon. In one of the reports Solveig van Nes, senior scientist, led a team of researchers to review the factual basis of interactions between farmed and wild salmon as it applies to salmon lice. Among her conclusions is that salmon lice can be fatal for individual salmon smolts, but there is no documented scientific evidence that lice alone can reduce entire stocks of wild salmon. Another report about the genetic impact of escaped farmed salmon on wild

www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] UK: Scottish Salmon Company begins exports to Russia The Scottish Salmon Company, formerly Lighthouse Caledonia, is supplying salmon to Russia in a deal that will see the comany’s salmon from Loch Fyne appearing in top Moscow restaurants,

reports FIS.com. The first shipment of fresh, whole salmon was delivered in August. The agreement to supply the salmon was finally signed after protracted negotiations over logistics and

licences. Stewart McLelland, Chief Operating Officer, said that Russia was one of the fastest growing markets for salmon and that exports to Russia could amount to 5 of export sales.

The company produces more than 20,000 tonnes per year, over 20 per cent of the total Scottish production, and is already exporting to the US, Japan, France, and the Middle East.

USA: New president at Merck Animal Health Richard R. DeLuca Jr., a former executive at Becton Dickinson and Wyeth, has been appointed executive vice president and president of Merck Animal Health as of 15 September 2011. Mr DeLuca will succeed Raul Kohan, who has decided to retire from the company, but will remain until the end

of the year to ensure a smooth transition. As leader Deluca will use the strong product portfolio and customer focus to grow the business internationally including in emerging markets. Merck Animal Health offers a wide range of veterinary pharmaceuticals, vaccines and health management solutions

and services to veterinarians, farmers, pet owners and governments. The company, a business unit of Merck that integrates Intervet and Schering-Plough Animal Health, already has a substantial international presence. Kenneth C. Frazier, the president of Merck, expects Mr Deluca to build on

this as it represents a significant long-term growth opportunity.

The animal health portfolio includes ruminants, swine, poultry, horses and aquatic animals. Among its products for aquatic animals are vaccines, antibiotics for a wide range of species and sea lice treatment for salmon.

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[ NEWS INTERNATIONAL ] Germany: Multivac sealing application without modified atmosphere Multivac’s new Smart Sealing concept optimises machine sequences and uses new die technology to increase machine output while reducing running costs and the use of resources. The sealing application is intended for customers who need a single seal without modified atmosphere for their tray packaged products and is currently being offered for the single lane T 700 traysealer. The new concept is more efficient for a number of reasons. As the modified atmosphere process sequence is not required it no longer limited the reduction in cycle times. In addition the utilisation of the die length was optimised and the number of trays per cycle increased, both of which contributed to an increase in output. The sealing is assisted by the electric die lifting unit.

Compressed air is no longer required for the sealing process. Similarly there is no cooling water required any longer for the cooling of the sealing die, since the heat is discharged in a controlled manner. These changes result in high performance. The Smart Sealing concept enables a machine performance that is twice as fast as the standards T 700.

Multivac’s Smart Sealing concept combines increased output with reduced running costs.

India: Strong growth in seafood exports sets ambitious target for next year Indian exports of seafood increased by 33.17 to reach USD2.8bn in the 2010-2011 financial year. The strong performance has prompted the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) to set a target of USD4bn for 2011-2012. In terms of volume seafood exports amounted to 807,000 tonnes an increase of 18.96 over the previous year.

The growth in exports defied

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or USD578.69m. Frozen squid and frozen cuttlefish are the two other major export items. Both showed solid growth in value terms compared to the previous year, frozen squid was up 66.87 and frozen cuttlefish 23.85.

However cuttlefish landings were poor this year especially on the west coast which contributed to a 7.57 decline in exported volumes to 58,694 tonnes.

“Our cover story in the Eurofish Magazine brought an instant and very favourable response. We look forward to working with Eurofish Magazine again in the future.” Mr M. Zafer Erel, CEO, Antalya Balik, Turkey

Page 1 June

_Icefish

The major export earner is frozen shrimp which accounted for 44.26 of the total export value. Frozen shrimp exports increased by 15.4 in quantity to 150,662 tonnes and by 42.36 in value to USD1257m. Frozen fish is the second largest export item in value and the largest in volumes. This category increased by 18.46 in quantity and 34.28 in value and accounted for 20.38 of the total export value

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unstable economic and political conditions in key markets in the EU, the US and the Middle East.

The EU continued to be the largest market absorbing 26.66 of the total value, followed by S.E. Asia (16.42), China (15.41), and the US (15.35). Export performance to the US was particularly impressive with value more than doubling to USD437.24m.

Japan and the Middle East were the other important markets.

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Contact Eurofish: Ms A. Petersen on +45 33377763, aleksandra.petersen@eurofish.dk Mr E. Preuss on +49 (0) 4149 8020, e.preuss@freenet.de

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Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 6:51 PM

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19/09/11 6:57 PM

[ Events ] North Atlantic Seafood Forum, 6-8 March 2012, Oslo, Norway

FAO and North Atlantic Seafood Forum enter into partnership NASF is the world’s largest seafood business conference and a leading meeting place for top seafood executives attracting some 500 top executive delegates from 300 firms and 30 countries every year.

The 7th NASF conference will take place in Oslo on 6-8 March 2012.

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AO Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy and Economics Division has announced the decision to enter into a seminar partnership with the North Atlantic Seafood Forum conference in Oslo (NASF) .

FAO`s Senior Fisheries Industry Officer, Dr Audun Lem confirms: “FAO has for some time been looking for well established arenas within the seafood industry to present our global activities. We are happy to commence this seminar cooperation with NASF. This arrangement was approved by our Director General in July and we will now take active steps to develop a special FAO NASF platform for addressing industry issues within the context of the mandate given us by FAO member countries.

In fact, our governing bodies have underlined the importance of a stronger relationship with all the stakeholders in the seafood value-chain.”

The FAO NASF seminar 2012 will have a number of special themes and developments which will broaden the scope of the NASF events. The FAO and NASF cooperation will consist of a special full day seminar at NASF 2012 with focus on the key FAO policy issues and initiatives including the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, IUU fisheries, certification, and sustainability. In addition, two half-day seminar streams will be presented on the white fish and pelagic sectors in cooperation with leading seafood companies and institutions in each sector.

The North Atlantic Seafood Forum 2012 will comprise nine seminars featuring 100 speakers over the three days of the event.

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Focus on Africa at FAO NASF seminar FAO has also taken another significant initiative. Explains­ Dr. Lem: “At NASF 2012 FAO will focus on Africa. We will invite top policy makers as well as leading industry players from four African nations in Southern and W ­ estern Africa where a broad fishing and aquaculture development is taking place. FAO plans to present two major themes: African export Jorgen J. Lund, Managing Director opportunities and market access of the NASF Conference feels into Europe; and inward investthat FAO’s participation at the ments and financing of the fishNASF will bring insights into the eries and aquaculture industries developments shaping the future in Africa. With a good number of the fisheries and aquaculture of fisheries ministers, policy industry. makers and industry stakeholders present at NASF 2012, we are confident that our friends from At NASF, Pareto Securities is Africa will find the NASF busi- organizing a leading seafood ness arena to be of much interest. finance and investor seminar; Moreover NASF is also a leading with more than 20 stock-listed seafood investor seminar and get- seafood companies attending ting access to all these high level from Europe, North and South investors is also very important.”

America and Asia. Petter Drage sund, Head of Pareto Corporate Managing Director of the NASF Finance, comments, “We are very Conference Jorgen J. Lund is pleased with having FAO on the delighted. He says: “FAO`s partici- NASF team, helping us to crepation at the NASF conference will ate the world’s leading seafood attract interest and attention from business forum. More than ever, seafood firms and countries all over investors and companies are now the world. This engagement will increasingly concerned about solidify NASF’s position as a leading creating and investing in sustainfisheries and aquaculture business able businesses. FAO`s participaarena. We warmly welcome FAO tion in NASF will most certainly and their African seafood policy contribute to a better dialogue and industry delegates to the 7th between key stakeholders on this NASF Conference next March.” topic.” www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ Events ]

Presentation of EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) reform

The opening session of NASF 2012 will be dedicated to the presentation of the new EU Common Fisheries Policy Reform. Key-note speakers have been invited from the Ministry of Fisheries in Denmark, along with AIPCE and the EU C ­ ommission. Denmark holds the EU presidency for the first half of 2012 and will make strong efforts to have the new CFP approved. NASF expects participation from ministries, policy makers and key stakeholders at this session. In addition NASF is planning to organize a half-day industry workshop, presenting insights into the new EU fisheries policies – called “Alignment of market forces for sustainability.” This session is organized by the Ministry of Fisheries in Denmark, AIPCE, PwC, DG Mare and stakeholders from EU and Norwegian fishing institutions.

NASF sustainability seminar Jorgen Lund also reveals that NASF will in 2012 organize the first annual sustainability seminar, jointly with Marine Stewardship Council (MSC); Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC), Det norske Veritas (DnV) and other industry players. This will be a full day seminar focusing on the main sustainability themes for the fisheries and aquaculture sectors in the North Atlantic.

This initiative, Lund says, will attract interest from producers, exporters, importers, distributors, retailers, NGOs and other ­stakeholders.

Audun Lem, Senior Fisheries Industry Officer, FAO, says opportunities in partnership with Africa’s fishing and aquaculture industries will be one of the themes at the FAO NASF seminar in 2012.

Biomarine ­preconference seminar

F­ederation and a host of other industry players. This seminar will focus on presenting the new biomarine value chain and will link seafood and fisheries sectors with the ingredients and pharmaceutical industries. A number of major players from the seafood industry, investors and policymakers will attend.

For the first time NASF will organise a pre-conference Biomarine seminar, to take place on 6 March, jointly with Marelife, Sintef, Aker BioMarine, Norway Seafood

NASF’s Jorgen J. Lund says that these new seminars, together with the FAO initiative, will create an expanded conference platform which will give insights

into vital developments forming the future of the industry. “Our focus is on the key network between cutting edge innovations, ­technology, policy, finance, international trade and commercialisation,” Lund explains.

In short, NASF will become even a bigger and more a­ttractive business arena and meeting place next year. With more than 100 speakers in 9 seminars over 3 days, the global seafood­ industry has much to look ­ ­forward to.

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Fisheries and aquaculture play a fundamental role in providing food security, employment, contributing to trade, and income generation. To effectively play this role www.eurofishmagazine.com

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fisheries and a­ quaculture have to be ­responsibly managed. This implies preventing overfishing, promoting sustainable a­ quaculture, co-ordination and ­ delivery of effective research, and

the ­ empowerment of people, e­ specially women. The Fisheries and Aquaculture Department of the FAO provides technical assistance in all aspects of fisheries and aquaculture m ­ anagement and development and is

c­ommitted to forging closer and more effective partnerships with various stakeholders to achieve long-term sustainable results in the fisheries sector.

More information is available at www.fao.org.

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[ Events ] Seafood Barcelona, autumn 2012, Barcelona, Spain

New seafood event to launch in Barcelona in autumn 2012 Diversified Expositions, organisers of the European Seafood Exposition in Brussels, have announced a collaboration with Alimentaria Exhibitions, the company behind the Alimentaria shows in Barcelona, Lisbon, and Mexico City, to launch a seafood show in Barcelona in autumn 2012.

Alimentaria Barcelona has a comprehensive programme to attract greater foreign participation, particularly from emerging economies in Asia, to the event in 2012.

T

he new event, Seafood Barcelona, will focus on the seafood and seafood processing industry in Spain and Southern Europe. ­ Diversified Expositions previously had a c­ollaboration ­ with Rimini Fiera, the organisers of Sapore, to produce the Mediterranean Seafood Exposition. With Seafood Barcelona Diversified will again add a ­ southern European event to their portfolio of shows in Boston, Hong Kong, and Brussels.

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Spain is the biggest fisheries nation in the EU, with the greatest number of people employed in the fisheries sector, the maximum tonnage in its fishing fleet, the highest production, and the most imports and exports (by volume). In addition per capita consumption is higher than in any other EU member apart from Portugal. With such a significant fisheries and aquaculture sector it is perhaps surprising that Spain until now has not had a dedicated seafood show.

Juan Manuel Vieites, the secretarygeneral of A ­ nfaco-Cecopesca, the national association of canned fish and shellfish manufacturers, says such an event will be very positive for businesses given the size of the fisheries and aquaculture industries in Spain.

In the meantime Barcelona is gearing up for Alimentaria, which will take place from 26 to 29 March, 2012, in the Fira

de Barcelona’s Gran Vía venue. ­ limentaria E­ xhibitions is making A a major push to internationalise the event ­particularly in emerging economies in Asia. Together with ACC1Ó, an agency set up by the Catalan government to make Catalan companies more innovative and outward looking, Alimentaria Exhibitions is targeting Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, and the United Arab Emirates, where www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ Events ] it will raise the profile of the show.

ACC1Ó will also use the Hosted Buyers ­programme to invite professional buyers to the show to meet with exhibitors. Alimentaria is also supported by the Spanish Chamber of C ­ommerce in Miami which will promote the event on the US ­market, and by

the S­ hanghai office of the Spanish industry association Amec, which will do the same in China.

The number of international agents has increased by 20% compared to the 2010 edition and brochures and other ­ publicity material about the event are available in Spanish, English, French,

J­apanese, and Chinese. In addition, the o­ ganisers have held a series of meetings with the diplomatic staff from different embassies in Madrid to get them to promote the event in their home countries. At the last edition of Alimentaria compared with the year before the number of ­foreign

exhibitors ­ incre­ ased by 3% to 33% of the 4,800 ­ participating companies, while foreign v­ istors numbered about 36,000 out of a total of 140,000. The intensive international promotion efforts should result in at least a matching increase in the foreign ­participation at the 2012 event.

China Fisheries and Seafood Expo, 1-3 November 2011, Qingdao, China

Chinese market offers opportunities to producers, traders, and equipment manufacturers From 1 to 3 November 2011 anybody with an interest in the Chinese market should be at the sixteenth China Fisheries and Seafood Expo in Qingdao. The event combines seafood from fisheries, aquaculture, and also includes a section on technology, where equipment manufacturers will have the opportunity to display their machinery to the world’s largest seafood processing industry.

Q

uingdao and the s­ur­rounding Shandong province form the core of the seafood industry in China. Companies in the region trade s­ eafood to the tune of USD4bn each year.

The province hosts more than 1,000 processing plants and is a major centre of both capture fisheries production and aquaculture, with an annual harvest of farmed fish and ­seafood of 4m metric tonnes.

Twenty-one national pavilions The China Fisheries and Seafood Expo capitalises on this dynamism providing a window onto the Chinese industry for the outside world and at the same time introducing Chinese companies to raw materials and equipment that they need to continue to grow and prosper. However, it is not only Chinese exhibitors that will be at the show. This year the exhibition boasts 750 exhibitors from 35 nations including national pavilions from 21 ­ countries. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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­ hinese participation will natuC rally be the most prominent with more than 400 leading seafood companies present at the event.

The seafood industry in China is not only the world’s biggest, but the biggest by a considerable margin. In 2007 fisheries and aquaculture production in China at 46m tonnes was nearly 33% of global production. In 2009 Chinese seafood exports amounted to USD6.8bn, a 31.5% increase over 2008 according to the National Bureau of Statistics of China. In terms of volumes exports increased from 1.75m tonnes to 2.09m tonnes.

Total Chinese aquatic production amounted to 51m tonnes in 2009 which was fairly evenly split between marine at 26.8m tonnes and freshwater (24.3m tonnes).

The volume of marine capture fisheries has stayed broadly constant over the last 10 years, with a minimum yield of 12.37m tonnes in 2003 and a maximum of 12.76m tonnes in 2009. This is due to the zero-growth policy adopted by

the government in 1999 in order to conserve resources. Over the same period (2000-2009) mariculture production has increased consistently each year from 9.28m tonnes in 2000 to 14.05m tonnes in 2009 an increase of more than 50%. The production of farmed freshwater seafood has been even more impressive. It increased by almost 70% over the same period from 13.08m tonnes to 22.16m tonnes.

Aquaculture sector in China is a state priority The Chinese aquaculture sector dominates global farmed seafood production, producing 45m tonnes out of 73m tonnes or 62% in 2009. Further developing the aquaculture sector is a national priority following the zero growth policy for the marine fishing industry. To facilitate the development of the aquaculture industry tariffs have been reduced on a variety of inputs for the aquaculture industry such as fish meal, fish feed, and

­fingerlings. P­ roducers are interested in f­arming a variety of high value shellfish and finfish species and will be looking for the necessary technology and equipment.

As the farming and processing sectors grow Chinese companies are investing in factories and machinery as they seek greater efficiencies. The zero growth policy for capture fisheries has meant that companies have to make the most of scarce raw materials and increasing yields is a priority. In the processing sector increasing demand for products with greater value addition and increased convenience is leading to interest in processing machinery that can delivery such products. ­Chinese companies are also investing in quality testing systems, and control and monitoring equipment in order to meet the quality and safety requirements of their export markets. Exhibitors and visitors to the China Fisheries and Seafood Expo stand to benefit from learning about the world’s largest seafood market.

Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

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[ Events ] fish international, 12-14 February 2012, Bremen, Germany

fish international, Bremen, brings the latest developments in retail display From 12 to14 February 2012 Bremen will once again host fish international, the international seafood fair for the processing, retail, import and export trade, and catering sectors. It will be the thirteenth edition of this show that is Germany’s biggest event devoted entirely to seafood. As in previous years the fair this time will have something to offer to each of the players in the industry.

fish international will be held 12-14 February 2012 at the Bremen Exhibition Centre in Halls 4 and 5.

F

or the retail trade, fish international will have a display of counter concepts that is unmatched by any other seafood show. Visitors to Hall 5 will be able to take in the latest ideas and developments in the display of fish and seafood. To make the presentation more vivid various fish producers will be filling the counters at the Special Show of the Fish Retail Trade with their specialities. The catering community will be parti­ cularly interested in the premiere of the Seafood Masterclass, where chefs from top restaurants will prepare seafood dishes for participants 18 Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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and offer tips and tricks on pre­ paring, cooking, and serving fish.

The fastest growing animal protein industry in the world today is aquaculture. Already on a global scale more fish consumed by people is farmed rather than obtained from capture fisheries. The increase in cultured seafood has made consumers more interested about the provenance of the fish they eat and whether it is being farmed in compliance with environmental and social regulations.

Fish international will therefore provide information on eco-labels

and certification organisations like the Aquaculture Stewardship Council and Global G.A.P. “We are also seeing greater interest in regionally produced fish,” says Sabine Wedell, the project manager, “which is becoming increasingly important particularly to the fish trade and the catering segments. Special emphasis will therefore be placed on local aquaculture products, which have the advantage that they do not have to be transported over vast distances, they can be supplied fresh, and can be associated with small volumes and high quality.”

On Sunday the first day of the event, the Seafood Star will be awarded in different categories.

This will be followed by a Trawl Party which will afford vistors and stand owners a chance to mingle over a drink. For many this is a significant part of the Bremen event. As Ralf Forner, Managing Director of Trans-Gourmet Seafood in Bremerhaven puts it, “Getting together and exchanging information are important reasons for our participation in the fair. The fish world meets in Bremen – and that’s why we like to be there.” www.eurofishmagazine.com

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ROMANIA

Romania is investing in infrastructure

New landing sites, storage facilities to come up along the coast Romania is using the European Fisheries Fund to invest in much needed fishing ports, landing sites and storage facilities along the coast. Feasibility studies have been commissioned and calls for tenders are going out. With improved infrastructure the fisheries administration is hopeful that fishers will more effectively exploit the country’s sprat TAC, and that the illegal trade in fish will be capped.

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Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIMRD

ish supplies to the Romanian market come primarily from four sources, the domestic aquaculture industry, the inland fishery, the Black Sea, and imports. The domestic aquaculture industry plays a major role in the supply of fresh fish to the market. Locally farmed fish amounts to 80 of the supply, while inland fisheries supply 17 and the Black Sea 3.

Live fish is fresher and cheaper than processed products Fresh fish from farms is mainly distributed live to a network of the farmers own shops, other fishmongers, wholesalers and large retail chains. Live fish is traditionally eaten by Romanian consumers, but the lack of market surveys or studies on consumption habits makes it difficult to know whether this tradition is still as strong as in the past or whether (and how) tastes and habits are changing.

Fish cannot be fresher than when it is live; farmers who have tried to sell fish processed into fillets have found that customers prefer live fish. Freshness is one reason, but it is also cheaper than fillets and in times where the economy is doing badly consumers are thinking of their wallets. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Black Sea turbot (Psetta maxima) and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) are valuable species targeted by the Romanian fleet.

Fish is farmed across the country in some 85,000 ha of fish farms. According to the aquaculture register there are 557 cyprinid farms, 251 trout farms, and 85 sturgeon growing facilities (2010). Cyprinids are farmed in ponds or in dam reservoirs, while raceways are used to breed trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and

sturgeon. Ponds and dam lakes are used for the production of several varieties of carp, (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalichthys molitrix), and bighead carp (Hypophthalichthys nobilis) dominate the production, but other fish including crucian carp (Carassius carassius), catfish (Siluris glanis),

grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and pike-perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) are also grown in ponds and reservoirs. Raceways are used for the production of trout and also sturgeon, which are reared for their caviar and as well as for their meat. Data from NAFA, the National Agency for Fisheries and Aquaculture,

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ROMANIA

Catalin Platon, the director of Romfish, the association of Romanian fish farmers, also points to the increase in VAT as one of the possible reasons for the decline in recorded production. More fish is diverted to the black market as unscrupulous producers decline to pay the increased VAT.

Illegal trade in fish damages the whole sector Sorinel Manaila, President, National Agency for Fisheries and Aquaculture (NAFA)

show that aquaculture production in Romania increased steadily from 2005 to 2009 reaching 13,131 tonnes, but declined to 8,668 tonnes in 2010. It was mainly common carp, silver carp, bighead carp and goldfish which experienced falls in production; trout and catfish volumes actually increased. Sorinel Manaila, president of NAFA attributes the lower volumes to the economic crisis which resulted in an increase in the price of inputs such as feed and fuel. This period also saw a reduction in the consumption of fish as consumers sought to reduce their outlays.

Mr Platon recalls the mid nineties when VAT on fish was first 9 while it was 19 on everything else and then was increased to 11 while increasing to 22 for other products. Now it is a uniform 24, fish does not enjoy any concessions. “We have supported a proposal that is waiting to be voted on in parliament that will reduce VAT on basic food items including fish”, says Mr Platon.

If the proposal is passed, the VAT on fish will fall to 5 removing the incentive for farmers to hide their production and sales from the authorities. The illegal trade in fish has several damaging consequences: it deprives the government of much-needed revenue; it makes for unreliable statistics, which is a problem for the whole sector; and it penalises

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honest farmers as they have to compete with producers whose costs are lower. For many farmers the costs of production are increased by the loss of fish to cormorants, to wild life such as beavers, as well as to poaching.

Cormorants can do a lot of damage to the stock eating and injuring the fish – some farmers estimate it amounts to a kilogram of fish a day per bird. Poaching in Romania is also a problem as the poachers tend to use nets rather than lines and can therefore remove much larger quantities of fish. Some farmers have introduced watchmen who patrol the ponds to keep poachers away. But the illegal trade in fish also makes farmers reluctant to invest in their farms and increase production as they feel the returns are undercut by unfair competition.

Pond-farmed fish is good for consumers and the environment Aquaculture is expected to play an important role in the reformed Common Fisheries Policy. Sorinel Manaila, president of NAFA, expects that a significant chunk of Romania’s allocation of the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund will go to aquaculture. The EMMF replaces the EFF (European Fisheries Fund) in the next EU multi-annual budgetary period (2014-2020). Our priorities are to increase the yields per hectare from our farms and to increase the quality of the production, says Mr Manaila. Farming of cyprinids is inherently environmentally friendly as the fish feed on the naturally available vegetation in the pond and the supplementary feed that is given is cereals and oilseeds. Water is usually not pumped, but flows due to the force of gravity, which means a lower carbon footprint. In

Catalin Platon, Executive Director, National Association of Fishery Producers (Romfish)

addition, pond farms are often home to a variety of wild birds, animals, and plants and thereby play a role in nature conservation. It is important to promote these aspects of pond farming, so that people understand that fish raised like this are both good for the consumer and the environment, says Mr Manaila. The area under pond farming, currently some 85,000 ha, is unlikely to increase. The average farm in Romania is about 200 ha, says Mr Platon, and building new ponds and access roads is very expensive. Part of the total area is lying unused due to weeds, sediment, or for other reasons, and Mr Platon feel that this proportion will gradually reduce as farmers take measures to increase their output.

Market survey of consumers to be carried out for the first time The lack of data on fish and seafood products and consumption is a significant obstacle to planning. NAFA has therefore commissioned a market survey which is looking at fish consumption and the attitudes of consumers www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIMRD

ROMANIA

The small number of trawlers and the lack of landing and storage facilities hinder Romania’s ability to catch its entire sprat TAC.

towards fish and seafood. It will also analyse the interest for new farmed species. The study

is expected to be completed by spring 2012 and will be the first of its kind to be carried out in

Romania. Another study that is also being carried out concerns aquaculture in the Black

Sea. Romania has no marine aquaculture and in partnership with some Spanish researchers the potential of the Black Sea shore for farming cockles and mussels is being explored. The Black Sea has seen its productivity fall over the last several decades. According to a report from the National Institute for Marine Research and Development (NIMRD), over a period of three decades from the 70s ), the environment of the Black Sea has deteriorated dramatically in terms of its biodiversity, habitats, fishery resources, and water quality. Industrial pollution, increasing nutrient loads from rivers, poor management of fish stocks, and the introduction of invasive species were some of the factors responsible for this deterioration.

The future of

Mediterranean Aquaculture a meeting of European Aquaculture stakeholders

3rd Aquainnova Consultation Workshop: Hotel Meliá Princesa, Madrid, Spain 16-17 November 2011 The vision for the future of Mediterranean aquaculture in Europe - and the research and innovation needed to support its key strategies - will be the focus of the third thematic workshop, organised by the European Aquaculture Technology and Innovation Platform, in the framework of ‘Aquainnova’, a European support action. This event follows the successful workshops that focused on ‘freshwater’ and ‘Marine coldwater’ aquaculture earlier in 2011.

Contact: European Aquaculture Technology & Innovation Platform (EATIP) Rue de Paris 9 4020 Liège Belgium Tel.: +32 4 338 2995 Fax: +32 4 337 9846 secretariat@eatip.eu www.eatip.eu

Earlybird registration: € 50 After 17 October registration: € 80 To register visit: www.eatip.eu

www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIMRD

Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIMRD

ROMANIA

Migration of sprat (top) and turbot in the Black Sea. The blue, red, and green dots denote wintering, spawning, and feeding areas respectively, while the arrows show the migration patterns.

New fishing port to come up at Midia The main commercial fish species in the Black Sea are sprats, turbot, anchovies, horse mackerel and whiting. Romania has a TAC (Total Allowable Catch) for sprats of 3,442.5 tonnes in 2011, but in the past the country has not been able to fully exploit its allocation 22

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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and this year will not be different, says Daniel Buhai, the general director of the Fishing Vessels Ship-owners Association. The association represents 70-80 of the Black Sea quotas for sprat and turbot. Romanian catches of sprat have declined more or less steadily since 1997 when they were 3,318 tonnes. In 2010, NAFA figures show that sprat catches were

28 tonnes. However, the total catches of sprat from the Black Sea (the sum of catches from Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia, and Turkey) have not shown such a drastic decline. Mr Buhai says that part of the reason for the fall in Romanian catches is the lack of landing and storage facilities which deter fishers from targeting the fish. Sprat is

also a low value species that is usually block frozen and fishers may be more interested in higher value turbot or dogfish.

Mr Buhai, who owns a processing factory, says he gets enough raw materials from the inland fisheries to need to process sprats. The government is now planning to build a port in Midia to the north of Constanta which will have modern landing and cold storage facilities. Midia lies approximately in the middle of Romania’s coastline giving convenient access to fishing vessels all along the coast. The port at Midia will be one of 12 shelters and fish ports that the government plans to build along the coast with the help of EUR40m from the EFF. These facilities will benefit the coastal fishing vessel, the main fishing capacity on the Black Sea. These have a length of less than 15 m and today 469 such vessels are registered. Boats between 15 and 25 m number 5, while two boats above 25 m appear in the EU Fleet Register; the rest were scrapped under European Fishery Fund measures to reduce capacity. But now, says Mr Manaila, we need more vessels in order to fully utilise our quota of sprats. He is hopeful that when the infrastructure for loading, unloading and storage is set up along the coast the trawler fleet will be expanded to catch the entire quota.

The other important species for which Romania has a TAC (of 43 tonnes) is Black Sea turbot.

This is a valuable species in all the countries surrounding the Black Sea. Bottom gill nets and bottom trawls are the main gears used to catch this fish, which can grow to a length of 85 cm and a weight of 12 kg. However, stock levels have been very low for several years though since 2002 there have www.eurofishmagazine.com

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been faint signs of a change for the better. Improvements are slow because its value makes it attractive for illegal fishers and as a shared resource efforts to manage the stock need to be collaborated internationally. NAFA has plans to establish an auction at Tulcea initially for freshwater fish, but ultimately also for the sale of marine fish. The auction should result in better prices to the fishermen giving them an incentive to sell their catches there, and would also hopefully reduce the incidence of unrecorded sales.

The feasibility study for the auction has now been completed and the call for tenders to establish the auction will go out soon.

Other marine species that may be sold at the auction are anchovy and whiting. Catches over the last three years (2008-2010) have only

Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIMRD

ROMANIA

Gill netters operate close to the shore and form the vast majority of the Romanian fleet.

RIMINI-ITALY

25/28 FEBRUARI 2012 www.saporerimini.it

www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Dr. Gheorghe Radu, NIRMD

ROMANIA

Set gill nets are generally a single netting wall kept vertical by a floatline and a weighted groundline. The net is fixed at either end to keep it stationery. The size of the mesh determines the kind of fish that are caught in the net.

averaged 28 tonnes for anchovy and 36 tonnes for whiting.

EU countries supply most Romanian imports In addition to locally produced farmed and wild fish the market in Romania is supplied also with imports. Most importers are also processors and distributors.

Fish and seafood from within the EU is increasingly starting to dominate imports. In 2004 intraEU imports in volume terms amounted to 37 of all imports.

By 2009 this proportion was 70. In value terms too imports from within the EU increased from 31 in 2004 to 72 in 2009.

Imports have increased from 57.6 thousand tonnes in 2004 with a value of EUR39m to 78 thousand 24

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tonnes in 2009 with a value of EUR102m. Frozen fish and fish fillets are the major imported products. In 2004 they amounted to 96 of all imports into Romania, while in 2009 they were 86. Processors use these as raw materials in smoked, marinated, and salted products as well as seafood salads.

Learning from others experience will benefit the local FLAGs One of the measures under the European Fisheries Fund supports the formation of Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) that are set up to revitalise fisheries communities. The FLAGs involve all the local stakeholders, (people involved in fishing activities, local government

representatives, commercial fishermen’s representatives, and fishing communities), who formulate a strategy and a business plan to sustainably develop the area. Despite fisheries playing a very small role in the Romanian economy, production from the Romanian fisheries sector amounts to 0.0054 of Romanian GDP, Romania’s budget for the FLAGs from the EFF at EUR75m is the second largest in the EU after Poland.

National funding will add a further EUR25m taking the total budget to EUR100m. In September 2011 the strategies and business plans of 16 FLAGs will be finally evaluated. These FLAGs are from four broad geographical areas, the Danube Delta, the area along the Danube, the Black Sea coast, and an inland

fisheries region. Romania is still at an early stage of developing its network of FLAGs and will benefit from countries that have already been through this stage and have similar problems and strategies to combat them. In the aquaculture sector, for example, the relevant Romanian FLAGs could benefit from FLAGs in countries like Poland, which has a very similar fish farming sector and so it is important that there is international cooperation between FLAGs, says Catalin Platon. At the end of August 2011 two Romanian FLAGs (StancaCostesti FLAG and Larga Jijia FLAG) were invited to Nadnotecka Grupa Rybacka in Pila, a very active and creative Polish FLAG, to learn from its experience in defining and implementing local strategies. www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 6:59 PM

ROMANIA

S.C. Miadmar HDP srl manufactures without using additives

Frozen pike-perch and perch fillets for Germany and Switzerland Miadmar HDP is the company behind a new fish processing plant in Tulcea, a city on the Danube Delta. The factory processes fish from both the Danube Delta and the Black Sea and exports part of the production to Germany and Switzerland, while the rest is distributed within Romania.

D

aniel Buhai, managing director of Miadmar HDP, is also the owner of two gill netters and a 25 m trawler that supply the factory with marine fish. The two smaller vessels fish along the Romanian

coast while the trawler has to fish beyond the 20 m isobar in the Black Sea. The main species that the trawler targets is sprat, which amounts to about 90 of the catch. The remainder is anchovy as well as some other species.

Romania has a TAC (Total Allowable Catch) for sprats of 3,442.5 tonnes in 2011, but in the past we have not been able to catch our full quota, says Mr Buhai, and this year is unlikely to be different. The gill netters target Black Sea turbot,

a highly sought after fish, with firm white flaky flesh and a delicate flavour, for which Romania has a TAC of 43.2 tonnes this year.

Dogfish and shad are the other species that are also typically caught by the gill netters.

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The newly built factory will be completely finished towards the end of 2011. The 2,000 sq. m plant was built with the help of the European Fisheries Fund.

Raw materials from Black Sea and Danube Delta Fish from the Black Sea forms only part of the raw material that is processed at the factory. The rest is made up of fish from the Danube Delta and from some of the big lakes close to the coast, such as Lake Razelm. The water here is brackish and the fish that are caught include pikeperch, catfish, perch and tench.

The pike-perch and catfish are important species with markets for the products in Germany and Switzerland. At Miadmar these species are filleted and frozen for export. Before Mr Buhai started his new factory he had a small processing unit at Sulina, a port on the Black Sea coast close to the border with Ukraine. It was here Mr Buhai started salting sprats, a traditional activity for Black Sea fishers along the coast, who did it to preserve the raw material until such time as prices were good. But getting to 26

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and from Sulina was a long and tedious process as the only way was by boat. This meant that the finished products took a long time getting to the customers.

This inconvenience contributed to Mr Buhai’s decision to establish the new processing factory in Tulcea, which is easily accessible by road.

The new processing unit was financed to the tune of about EUR1.3m by the European Fisheries Fund. Although production has started, the factory will only be completed towards the end of this year. Spread over two floors the plant comprises some 2,000 sq. m of space, of which 300-400 sq. m is for coldstorage. Currently production consists of fresh, frozen, and salted products. By the end of the year the company will have added marinades, seafood salads, and smoked fish to the assortment. The smoking equipment is in place and is currently being tested. Each species has

its own specifications, explains Mr Buhai, and therefore we have to programme the smoking chambers for each kind of fish and then test it to make sure it works. The range of smoked products will include both hotsmoked and cold-smoked fish.

Miadmar has five products officially certified as traditional preparations, making it one of only two Romanian companies that can claim to produce traditional Romanian recipes. The certification is carried out by an independent body. The factory includes well equipped facilities to monitor each step of the production chain starting with the raw materials and going on to the finished products, while advanced microbiological analysis is done at an independent specialist laboratory. When the factory is finished it will have an electronic traceability system that will keep track of all the raw materials and link them to the finished products, so that in case of a problem it should be

possible to identify the source quickly and easily.

Natural products with no additives Almost all the production is sold under Miadmar’s brand Deltaica, which combines a logo with the words “healthy traditions.” The brand represents completely natural products, including salads, marinades, and smoked fish, which do not contain artificial taste enhancers, preserving agents, or other synthetic additives. As a result most of the products have a limited shelf life, but are associated with natural tastes and flavours. The company also processes carp, cutting it into fillets and selling them either fresh or frozen. Another product is smoked catfish, a very dry, compact product with a distinct consistency. Roach and pike are typically salted, while the sprat are suitable for salting, marinating or block freezing. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Catfish tied up in string is smoked to give a dry meat with a distinct consistency. The carp roe salad in the plastic tub is sold under the Deltaica brand, which stands for a completely natural product.

Frozen pike-perch fillets are exported to Germany and Switzerland through the Romanian subsidiary of a German company.

The fish from the Miadmar boats is landed at Sulina loaded onto another vessel and brought to the factory at Tulcea, a distance of some 40 nautical miles (75 km).

Mr Buhai would like to reduce the time it takes to bring the raw material to the factory, but feels that the level of infrastructure in terms of ports with good facilities for landing and storing fish is quite www.eurofishmagazine.com

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inadequate. He recalls how the members of the Fishing Vessels Shipowners Association, of which he is the managing director, have sometimes landed anchovies which they have been unable to sell because of the poor demand for the fresh fish, yet unable to store due to the lack of facilities. This is also the reason that Romania does not catch its full TAC of sprat. The six Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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Miadmar has its own shop in Tulcea where it sells a range of smoked, salted, marinated, and fresh products.

members of the association represent 70-80 of the quota for sprats. If the facilities were better, says Mr Buhai, we would catch the quota. The government has now started a programme to remedy this. Among the first steps is the construction of a modern port at Midia, north of Constanta and roughly in the middle of Romania’s 245 km long Black Sea coastline. According to Sorinel Manaila, the president of NAFA (National Agency for Fisheries and Aquaculture), the Agency owns 10 ha of land in Midia that can be used for the port. The call to conduct a feasibility study for the port has been launched and Mr Manaila is hopeful that it will soon be completed and that the construction of the port will start.

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Supermarkets to be approached as volumes develop Frozen fillets of pike perch and perch are exported to Germany and Switzerland through a German company’s Romanian subsidiary, that buys the fish from Miadmar. Exported volumes currently amount to some 40 tonnes annually, but as Mr Buhai points out, the new processing factory has barely started production and he is confident that this business will increase. The remainder of the approximately 1,200 tonnes of production is sold through the company’s own shop in Tulcea, and to other local fishmongers. Premium products such as the smoked catfish and the carp roe salads are sold in big cities around the country.

Since we have just started production we have not yet reached the stage where our volumes are interesting to major buyers like supermarkets or hypermarkets, says Mr Buhai. Until now we have focused on finishing the factory,

sourcing good quality raw material, and making sure there were no problems with the production.

Once the production is working smoothly we can start thinking about larger volumes and bigger clients, he says.

Miadmar SRL Company Fact File Str. Viticulturii Nr. 2 RO 820147 Tulcea Romania Tel.: +40 240 517760 Fax: +40 240 517760 miadmar@yahoo.com Managing director: Daniel Buhai Activity: Processing Black Sea fish (sprats, turbot, dogfish, shad),

and freshwater fish (pike-perch, catfish, perch, tench, carps) Products: Fresh fish, fresh and frozen fillets, salted, marinated, and smoked products, salads Volume of finished products: 1,200 tonnes Markets: Romania, Germany, Switzerland Facilities: Completely new 2,000 sq. m processing plant www.eurofishmagazine.com

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S.C. Pirania srl has benefited from EU funding programmes

Farmed freshwater fish supplied live to the Romanian market Aquaculture production in Romania is primarily based on freshwater fish grown in ponds and dam reservoirs. The most important species in terms of volumes produced are common carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalichthys molitrix), and bighead carp (Hypophthalichthys nobilis), but other fish including crucian carp (Carassius carassius), catfish (Siluris glanis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and pike-perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) are also grown in the ponds.

W

hile pond farming has an ancient history, a more recent arrival is trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) which is typically grown in concrete raceways. These structures are also used to farm sturgeon which is a very recent development. Production of farmed fish increased steadily from 2005 to 2009 when it reached 13,131 tonnes, but provisional figures show that it fell in 2010 to 8,668 tonnes. The decline was caused by the economic crisis which pushed up the price of inputs making the fish more expensive at a time when consumers were also becoming more thrifty.

Severe flooding in 2010 affects production Another possible reason for the decline in production is the flooding that affected many farms in the north eastern part of the country around Botosani. Diadem Atodiresei, the manager of the carp farm S.C. Pirania srl, says flooding last year cost him 100 tonnes of carp with an estimated value of EUR200,000, and reduced his production to 430 tonnes, from 450 tonnes two years ago and 500 tonnes in 2008. According to him almost all the farmers in the area lost fish due to flooding. Losses www.eurofishmagazine.com

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However, this is changing slowly as legislation has now been introduced that enables the state to sell the land to the farmers.

The land is evaluated and then offered to the farmer at the

Diadem Vasile Atodiresei, owner and manager of Pirania srl, a family run company producing farmed freshwater fish for the Romanian market.

from flooding can be bad, says Mr Atodiresei, but they are fairly seldom. On the other hand fish farmers have to contend with theft of the fish on a regular basis.

In Romania the fish is stolen not with a rod and a line, but with a net, complains Mr Atodiresei, meaning that the volume of fish that is taken is also much larger.

The problem is that poverty is more widespread and more dire in Romania than, for example, in neighbouring Hungary. In addition, says Mr Atodiresei, the courts are reluctant to crack down hard on fish theft, so the sentences are relatively mild. The laws have now been changed after lobbying by Romfish, the Association of Romanian Fish Farmers, and stealing fish can now earn stiffer

penalties, but, says Mr Platon, the association director, it will take a while before the new rules are enforced on a regular basis.

Pirania srl has some 295 ha of ponds of which 250 ha are productive while the rest are covered in weeds and cannot be used to farm fish. The site is at Udesti about 65 km from Botosani and consists of a large dam lake and some smaller ponds. All the water has been leased for a long (49 year term) from the state. The state still owns the land underlying the ponds. This is the case not only with Pirania, but also with other fish farms across the country where farmers do not own the land on which the farm is built.

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Pirania srl has two sites with a total of 475 ha of dam lakes and ponds.

The aerators are used in ponds in periods when there is a lot of algae in the water. The algae release oxygen into the water during the day, but consume it at night and this can threaten the safety of the fish.

current market price. According to Catalin Platon the land under some 5-6 farms has been sold to the owners so far. Mr Atodiresei’s farming activities at Udesti were interrupted a couple of years ago when the state water company from which he leased the ponds had to carry out maintenance work on the dam lake. He therefore leased 180 ha from the water company at another site in Botosani and populated it with 2-year old fish from the ponds at Udesti.

The new site is not as good as the old one, says Mr Atodiresei, the water feeding the new site comes from the river Siret which arises in the Carpathian mountains in the Ukraine. It is poor in nutrients, but is very clean with no contaminants. He expects to harvest 450 tonnes of market sized fish – common carp (50), silver carp (25-30), bighead carp (25), and small quantities of crucian carp, grass carp, catfish, and pike-perch. The volumes of catfish and pike-perch will not exceed 3.

The fish is sold mainly to the hypermarkets in the cities including Suchova, Ploiesti, Iasi, Bucharest, and Brasov.

Ninety percent of the sale is to hypermarkets like Carrefour, while the remainder goes to retailers and fishmongers. The fish is all sold on the domestic market. In Romania we eat fish around the year, unlike in other countries where it is eaten mainly at certain times of the year or in connection with events or festivals. As a result countries such as Hungary and the Czech Republic export some of their production to Romania. According to Mr Atodiresei carp farms in Hungary and the Czech Republic are much more efficient than those in Romania which produce about 10 tonnes per employee. Mr Atodiresei has a small processing unit where he considered manufacturing

Feed made from wheat bran and sunflower seed In addition to the naturally available food in the pond the fish are fed with a mixture of wheat chaff and a flour made of sunflower seed. The feed is mixed on board 30

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a boat which then sails around the ponds and the feed is thrown into the water. This process is repeated twice a day. Feed consumption is monitored by digging up a shovelful of mud from the bottom of the lake and analysing it to see how much feed it contains. If there is little or no feed in the sample, the fish are feeding properly.

Mr Atodiresei would like to buy a few hectares of land surrounding the ponds in order to set up a silo which can hold the feed for the fish. However, the transaction is complicated by the fact that the area where he is seeking to buy land is not yet registered. The fish at the new site are introduced at two years and then allowed to grow for a year. In autumn they are moved to wintering ponds which are smaller and deeper.

Through the winter the fish can be harvested and supplied to customers.

S.C. Pirania srl Company Fact File Str. 10 Gen. Gh. Avramescu nr. 10 Bl.K14, sc. C, ap. 16 Botosani Tel.: +40 231 516630 Fax: +40 231 516630 pirania.bt@clicknet.ro Manager: Diadem Vasile Atodiresei

Activity: Carp farming Production: 450 tonnes of which common carp (50%), silver carp (25-30%), bighead carp (25%), and small quantities of crucian carp, grass carp, catfish, and pike-perch Facilities: 475 ha of dam lakes and ponds over two sites

value-added products. But the demand for live fish is far greater than that for value added products as people prefer fish which they know is very fresh and though it may be less convenient it is also less expensive than value added products. Demand for fish has been increasing steadily, says Mr Atodiresei who has recorded a 10 increase in production for each of the two years before last year, when the floods reduced his harvest. He has every hope of increasing his production by 200-300 tonnes over the next few years.

European funding programmes are very helpful Pirania srl has received funding through the Sapard programme in 2007 and in March 2011 concluded a project that was financed by the European Fisheries Fund. This was for the purchase of equipment including a truck, tractors, a trailer for fish transport, aerators, and guns for scaring away cormorants.

These birds are a major pest for fish farmers as they can eat and injure a lot of fish. In total Mr Atodiresei loses about 30 of his stock to cormorants, beavers, and to theft. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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ROMANIA

Doripesco plans to expand its distribution

Traditional fish products soon to be available nation-wide A family-run group of companies with interests today in fish farming, fish processing restaurants, hotels, and construction, Doripesco started out as one of the first Romanian companies to take over and run a state-owned carp production facility.

Since then the company has diversified into farming trout and sturgeon as well.

D

orin Crizbasan, the managing director of Doripesco has always considered carp farming a special activity. My first job was on a carp farm, he says, and though the business has moved into other areas, the carp farming activities still mean a lot to me. It was in the mid nineties that the state-owned carp farms started to be privatised in Romania. As it was one of the first takeovers of a state farm, the two sides used a model whereby the state provided the assets and the private company contributed the capital and the management expertise.

Diversification speeds expansion This collaborative model was used as a template to privatise other fish farms in Romania, says Mr Crizbasan. After a transition period to ensure things were running smoothly the company took over completely. Complete control of the farm very quickly also brought with it the realisation that carp farming alone would not allow the company to develop. One of the first things I did was to diversify, says Mr Crizbasan, I started farming

The Doripesco logo will be reflected in the redesign of the company’s chain of fish shops. The official launch of the logo and the renovated shops will be in September.

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Dorin Crizbasan, the managing director of Doripesco, which started as a fish farm, but which has since expanded into tourism, hospitality, and construction.

Ruxandra Coc, a member of the family that manages Doripesco, is seeking to expand sales of the fish and seafood products to cover the whole country.

trout and sturgeon, and in addition I developed my own distribution chain, and set up shops in six markets in Brasov city, so as not to be at the mercy of the retailers.

In addition to the chain of fish shops, Doripesco also established three restaurants, two of which are attached to hotels. The hotels and restaurants cater to local and foreign guests offering them good food, pleasant surroundings, and the opportunity to go angling or bird-watching. Hospitality runs side by side with another of the company’s activities. This is the processing plant that processes fish from the farms into a wide range of products for delivery to the restaurant sector. The plant produces 40 different products of which six are traditional products that are prepared in a certain way following a particular recipe and are even registered with the authorities in Brussels. In addition, one of the products is of protected origin implying that the production, processing and preparation 32

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takes place within the area where the processing plant is located. The production from the processing plant is delivered to shops, restaurants and supermarkets in the area.

We needed to try out and develop our recipes and ensure that the product quality was up to scratch and that the production process was obstacle-free, says Mr Crizbasan.

The company is now in the process of expanding production and is starting to widen its distribution to cover supermarkets and shops in other parts of Romania. Currently the company is supplying nine outlets of the supermarket Kaufland and discussions are on to start supplying all the 64 stores across the country. Anticipating an increase in demand for Doripesco products, the company is also preparing an application for funding from the European Fisheries Fund for a new processing factory.

Caviar production to start in a few years Caviar is one of the new products that the company intends to add to its assortment in two to three years. The current batch of sturgeon is four years old with an average weight of 7 kg.

The approximately 10,000 fish (Acipenser stellatus) are kept in raceways and will be used for the

Apart from its interests in fish farming and processing Doripesco also runs three restaurants, two of which are attached to hotels. The newest hotel (featured above) will soon include a fishing pond for guests interested in angling.

production of caviar and sturgeon meat when they mature. The meat can be served smoked, dried, fried, or grilled and will also be available in the company restaurants. There are also plans to further develop the newest hotel with a large carp pond and a conference or meeting room for up to 400 people. The expansion of the hotel will not be financed through the EFF, but the new processing factory and the modernisation of the carp farm are both benefiting. The EFF is a real help for keen investors, says Dorin Crizbasan, although the procedures are not simple and you have to be an expert at filling in forms, but as

Doripesco SA Company Fact File Str. Bisericii 224 RO 507080 Comuna Halchiu Jud., Brasov Romania Tel.: +40 268 481581 Fax: +40 268 481682 office@doripesco.ro www.doripesco.ro Managing director: Mr. Dorin Crizbasan Activities: Carp, trout, and sturgeon

farming, fish processing and distribution, hotels, restaurants, construction Assets include: Carp ponds 218 +250 ha, 10,000 4-year-old sturgeon, 6 fish shops, 3 restaurants, 2 hotels Fish production: Mainly common carp and silver carp, 50-60 tonnes of market-sized trout per year Markets: Local markets in Brasov, with plans to expand to the rest of Romania

long as you receive some money to cover costs, it is well worth it.

Doripesco has carp farms on two locations. One is a 218 ha site which is in a Natura 2000 network and is also a designated Ramsar site because of the rich plant and bird life (the Ramsar Convention is an intergovernmental treaty signed in Ramsar, Iran, that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources). The ponds here are getting concrete walls and the access roads are being cleaned and strengthened.

Good access roads are important because the pond is then accessible by car or van from all sides and, no matter where in the pond the fish is harvested, it can be brought very quickly to the processing factory. The concrete embankments around the ponds will allow the water level to be raised by 0.5 m which will make a big difference to productivity, says Ruxandra Coc, the sales director, and Mr Crizbasan’s sister. The other carp farm hosts one of the company hotels and has about 250 ha of ponds of which half are used for production while the rest are used for sport fishing. This is a popular www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Cut your costs The ponds at the carp farm have been renovated with help from the European Fisheries Fund. The embankments of the ponds have been strengthened with concrete and the access roads have been improved.

In the processing factory catfish fillets are placed in a net prior to being smoked.

pastime in Romania; over a weekend there can be as many as 300400 fishers fishing along the ponds.

Mr Coc, the hotel manager, and husband of Ruxandra Coc, says the company has also been able to attract anglers from other parts of Europe because of the high quality of the catches. Another pond is a trophy pond where fishing competitions are organised on a regular basis. These competitions also draw guests to the hotel filling it up on days that the contests are held.

Redesigned fish shops reflect new brand The fish from the ponds is mainly common carp and silver carp, but there are also some catches of bighead carp, pike, zander, and bream. Some of the production is sold fresh, while the rest is processed at the factory. Doripesco registered a brand called Delta some six years ago at a time when it was not sure how the brand would be used. Now however the brand is being used on their products and the logo is also providing www.eurofishmagazine.com

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the template for a makeover of the Doripesco fish shops. These shops will now all be redecorated using the elements from the logo and in September this year there will be an official launch of the brand and the newly decorated shops.

As the owners of fish farms in the middle of natural reserves the company is committed to the environment and its preservation. We want to maintain the environment not only for ourselves and for the health of our products but also for the generations that come after us, says Ruxandra Coc. The company has therefore made agreements with several local schools under which groups of students are brought to the farms and exposed to the wild life that inhabits the area. The visits also introduce the children to fish and to the advantages of eating it and they get to taste some of the more children-friendly fish products. This will hopefully start them developing a taste for fish which will stay with them for the rest of their lives, says Ms Coc. As one of the EU countries hit hardest by the crisis, Romania is currently drawing assistance from the EU’s financial programmes. When the economy picks up again, Doripesco with its interests in restaurants, hotels, fish farming and processing and its ideas for spreading its products across the country, is poised for a period of rapid growth.

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S.C. Costiana srl makes distribution more efficient

An old company finds new ways to sell seafood products Costiana is the oldest company in the fish processing and distribution sector in Romania. It is led by Marian Cuzdrioreanu, an entrepreneur, who combines running the business with regular appearances on a food show on television. A firm believer in technology Mr Cuzdrioreanu uses the internet not only to promote his products, but, soon, also to sell them.

M

arian Cuzdrioreanu also heads the organisation Ro-Fish, the Romanian association of producers, processors, importers and distributors of fish and seafood. Association members, according to Mr Cuzdrioreanu, represent 85 of all the traders and processors on the Romanian market. These companies import mainly frozen raw materials from around the world, process them in Romania and distribute the products on the domestic market.

Popular TV show on how to prepare fish Costiana with its modern and distinctively packaged products is well known on the Romanian market for the variety and quality of its products.

Mr Cuzdrioreanu appears on television five times a week wearing a tunic with the name of his company prominently displayed.

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This is also excellent promotion for the firm, as he is the first to acknowledge. The television show is very good advertising for me and my company, says Mr Cuzdrioreanu. By appearing on television I gain the viewers’ trust and when they trust me they also trust my products. The products are based on imported as well as local fish and seafood, whitefish including hake, hoki, grenadier, Alaska pollock, blue whiting, and cod; flat fish like turbot, plaice, and flounder; salmon (Atlantic and Pacific) and trout; pelagics such as herring, mackerel, and horse mackerel; and freshwater fish like carp and pike-perch. In 2010 pelagic fish made up 45 of the product mix, while whitefish comprised 30, followed by seafood at 15. Processed products such as breaded, smoked, and salted fish, as well as marinades made up 9 of the product mix.

Mr Cuzdrioreanu has been increasing his exports and is now

Marian Cuzdrioreanu, the president of Costiana, is planning a webshop to promote and sell his products.

sending product to neighbouring countries like Bulgaria and Hungary and has also started a new line of topshell (Rapana venosa) exports to Spain. Over the next three years a new processing factory is planned as the old one cannot expand any further. The new plant will focus on the production of valueadded products for which there is increasing demand, says Mr Cuzdrioreanu. While the demand for value-added products is certainly increasing, there is also a market for traditionally produced Romanian seafood to which the company caters. In countries like Spain and Italy there are large populations of Romanian migrants who crave the tastes of the products they grew up with. At the same time, when Romanian tourists return

from their travels they would like to be able to purchase the products they sampled when they were abroad. In addition, the increase in the influx of tourists to Romania makes the hotel, restaurant, and catering segment a valuable market for the company. But the most important channel for us is the supermarkets, says Mr Cuzdrioreanu, because they cover around 55 of the market today and within the next couple of years that will have increased to between 60 and 65.

Fish and seafood supplied all over the country The supermarkets are of different types, the biggest are the hypermarkets which have large www.eurofishmagazine.com

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The refrigerated transport fleet was equipped with global positioning systems to make it more efficient and reduce costs.

areas and frequently shops and kiosks offering other services.

Hypermarkets also tend to stock more than just groceries. Supermarkets on the other hand are smaller and sell mainly groceries; hard discount chains sell a limited assortment at very cheap prices, while soft discount stores

carry a larger assortment at slightly higher prices. In addition, there are cash and carry supermarkets which specialise in bulk supplies for businesses.

Costiana supplies supermarkets as well as retail stores, fish processors, catering establishments, and restaurants. A fleet of

the company’s own refrigerated trucks, vans, and cars ensure that the products are delivered safely and securely to destinations all over Romania. Maintaining this fleet used to be one of the biggest costs that the company incurred.

However, the crisis of 2008-2009 forced Mr Cuzdrioreanu to take

a look at all aspects of the business to see where savings could be made. Global positioning systems were introduced in all the vehicles and the logistics department had its budget cut. The net result was a far more efficient use of transport and a 50 saving in expenses.

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06_RO.indd 35

Eckhard Preuss Marderstieg 7 D 21717 Fredenbeck • Germany Tel.: +49 41498020 • Fax: +49 41497292 avw.preuss@t-online.de

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

35

19/09/11 7:00 PM

ROMANIA

experience as eating at a restaurant, yet the consumer can enjoy them within the comfort and the convenience of his home. The products will be ready to cook and ready to eat, high quality, convenient, and easy to prepare.

The inspiration for a webshop came partly from the experience of having a cooking show on television. Mr Cuzdrioreanu has a website with information about food and cooking as well as over 2,000 recipes for fish and seafood. In the first week of its launch the website attracted well over 800 visitors, who apart from browsing the website also sent in comments and asked questions relating to food and cooking.

Costiana uses marine as well as locally-sourced freshwater fish to produce a wide range of items.

where it will be possible to buy the entire range of Costiana products and have them delivered. I feel there is a niche between the restaurants and the supermarkets for good products at a reasonable price, says Mr Cuzdrioreanu. These products would give the same kind of

Currently, Costiana produces about 1,000 tonnes a year of its own products, and packages and distributes about 5,000 tonnes of imported fish. Exports at about 6 are a small proportion of the total volumes handled by the company. This figure is set to increase however as the company is looking at increasing exports to existing markets in Hungary and Bulgaria. It is less than five years since Romania joined the EU, says Mr Cuzdrioreanu, and it takes time to build up trust with foreign partners.

Costiana SRL Company Fact File Within the next three years a new factory for the production of highly value-added products is schedled to be built.

Using the internet to promote and sell products Mr Cuzdrioreanu is confident that the Romanian market for fish and seafood products is going to expand. I think in three years per capita consumption 36

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

06_RO.indd 36

in Romania will increase from 6.5 kg to 9 kg, he says. He sees technology as one way of capitalising on this development.

I intend to use the internet not only to promote and market Costiana products, but also to sell them. To this end the company is planning to launch a webshop

Sos. Andronache 17-19, sector 2 RO 022521 Bucharest Romania Tel.: +40 21 241 4428 Fax: +40 21 241 4439 import-export@costiana.ro; costiana@costiana.ro www.costiana.ro, www.donmariano.ro President: Mr Marian Cuzdrioreanu

Activities: Importing, processing, distributing fish and seafood Volumes: 6,000 tonnes Markets: Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria Products: Frozen, breaded, smoked, marinaded, and salted fish and seafood using whitefish, pelagics, freshwater fish, salmon and trout Turnover: EUR10m Employees: 100 www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:00 PM

GERMANY

Germany supports Common Fisheries Policy reform

Achievements in stock management must be expanded Healthy, sustainably managed fish stocks are a fundamental prerequisite both for profitability in the fishing sector and for ensuring a reliable supply of fish. So far, however, the EU’s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) has not contributed enough towards achieving these goals.

In Germany fishermen, politicians and consumers are now hoping that the forthcoming CFP reform will bring about necessary corrections and the desired results.

W

hen Europe’s politicians laid down the principles of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) they had ambitious goals. Close co-operation in fisheries was to protect and maintain stocks, increase competitiveness within the fish industry, and stabilise markets for fisheries products.

Over the course of the years more and more regulations, directives and bans were implemented.

Today although there are plenty of fisheries-related regulations, many of the original goals have not been satisfactorily achieved.

How big the gap between ambition and reality is can be seen particularly drastically where resource maintenance is concerned: despite the CFP the condition of many European fish stocks is today worse than it was one or two decades ago. The extensive set of rules drawn up for the CFP was much too complicated and not transparent enough. At the same time, the rules and regulations were differently interpreted in the individual European countries and not always implemented with equal zeal.

Where setting quotas and maximum catch levels were concerned, Europe’s politicians had in the past rarely followed

www.eurofishmagazine.com

07_DE.indd 37

the recommendations made by fisheries scientists. Too great was their fear of possible protests by their national fishermen who saw the catch and their income diminishing.

Later on it was the fishermen who were blamed for the shrinking fish stocks. The less fish there were in the sea, the more restrictions were placed on the fishermen’s technical fishing gear... in other words, less days at sea, horsepower limitation of fishing vessels’ engines and exact regulations on fishing gear. Regular controls guarantee that all fishermen adhere to the rules. But what use is all of this if the allocated fishing quotas already exceed sustainability levels?

to lower catch levels which weaken the overall fishing sector and make it economically very vulnerable. This was the sobering conclusion to which the EU Commission came in its Green Paper which in

April 2009 opened the public discussion on the forthcoming reform in 2012. The Commission named five structural weaknesses as the causes of the continuing sad state of affairs of the CFP:

The inadequacies of the CFP have long been known and should actually have been corrected in the course of the last reform in 2002. Multi-annual stock replenishment and management plans were introduced, and environmental issues were to be taken more strongly into account during fisheries management. In spite of many a positive approach the main problem facing the CFP, i.e. continuing overfishing, remained unsolved. Overfishing leads Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

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19/09/11 7:00 PM

GERMANY

Coastal fishing with passive gear, such as the herring gillnet fishery is mostly pursued from partially covered or open boats along the Baltic coast.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Excess capacity in the fishing fleets, leading to overfishing A lack of precise political goals, particularly with regard to marine-related issues and the shouldering of ecological responsibility The highly centralised decision-making system in the EU that is too strongly geared to short-term solutions and neglects long-term ecological sustainability The fishing sector has to take on – and be given – more responsibility Lack of political ambition to implement adherence to legal regulations

The pressure on politics to finally solve these problems has increased with the intensification of media reports on the critical condition of oceans and fish stocks. European citizens are 38

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

07_DE.indd 38

alarmed – in Germany, too, where people react with great concern to such reports.

Sustainability must have top priority With an annual catch volume of 250,000 t, or about 5 of the total EU catch, Germany’s fishing fleet plays a rather subordinate role compared to other European states. In 2010 the German fishing fleet comprised 1,767 vessels, equal to 2.1 of all EU (27) fishing vessels. At the centre of the German fishing fleet is the cutter and coastal fishery with 383 vessels, of which 257 are shrimp cutters. 1,316 vessels are registered in the small-scale coastal fishery which operates with passive fishing gear (fixed nets, traps) and is mainly pursued along the Baltic coast. 1,128 of these vessels are partially covered or open boats.

There are also seven universal freezer trawlers and two special vessels for catching schooling fish. These vessels operate in the deep sea fishery. Finally, a further 12 vessels catch mussels, and 47 small boats fish nonquota species.

Although Germany today satisfies most of its demand for fish and seafood (which was equal to 1.284 million tonnes in 2009) with imports from all over the world the fishery sector is a traditional part of both the economy and cultural life in many coastal communities and inland waters. There are nearly 41,000 people employed in the fishing sector, the fish processing industry, fish catering, fish wholesaling and retailing, inland fisheries and aquaculture. Together they account for annual sales of nearly 6 billion EUR.

In a comprehensive paper making its position clear it at the same time emphasises that sustainability must be the top priority when realigning the Common Fisheries Policy. The federal ministry that is responsible for fisheries, the Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV), demands that wastefulness as a result of by-catches and discards (a central topic of the CFP reform) should be a major focus of the reform debate. Together with France, United Kingdom and Denmark, Germany presented a concept in March 2011 with concrete proposals for dealing with the problem of discards in the CFP reform. In it the four states express their conviction that the current management system based on fishing effort must be ended because it not only tolerated discards but even partially encouraged them. The gradual introduction of discard bans was inevitable. All species suited to human consumption must be landed and – in so far as they are regulated species – taken into account in the quota. This would mean moving towards a system of “real” fishing quotas which could in the medium term radically simplify the CFP, for example by doing away with the time-consuming administration required by fishing effort based management.

Germany pressing for the introduction of discard bans In July 2011 Federal Minister Ilse Aigner emphasized once again the urgency of this issue. The Federal Government was in support of all efforts towards sustainable fish management – not only in the EU but worldwide because the recovery of the fish www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:00 PM

GERMANY

stocks was a prerequisite for sustainable management from which fishermen would benefit in the long term, too. Germany had long been pressing for a gradual introduction of discard bans and a requirement to land the fishes in order to finally put an end to the pointless death of marine animals. Ms Aigner at the same time welcomed the fact that the EU Commission did not want to infringe upon the elementary keystones of the Common Fisheries Policy, and here particularly the principle of relative stability which ensures member states constant shares of the total allowable catch.

The EU already created an important prerequisite for the success of the new fisheries policy with Council Regulation No. 1224/2009 which established a control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the Common Fisheries Policy. This has been in force Europe-wide since the beginning of 2010.

Not least the alarming figures revealing the extent of illegal fishing showed that there was an urgent need for action. More severe and effective controls as well as Europe-wide uniform, deterrent sanctions are urgently needed in order to prevent and combat breaches against the Common Fishery Policy. A penal point system is to make sure that infringements are punished the same way in all member states.

To enable this, however, controls have to be co-ordinated, simplified and harmonised more efficiently at EU level, so that a European “control culture” might develop. With the Commission Implementing Regulation (No. 404/2011) of March 2011 which regulates the technical details, the course now seems to have been set in the right direction. www.eurofishmagazine.com

07_DE.indd 39

At the centre of the German fleet is the cutter and coastal fishery with 383 vessels, which include 257 shrimp boats that operate along the North Sea coast.

Equal treatment of fishermen in all EU member states Whether this will really sweep away the doubts that German fishermen have concerning the EU plans for the CFP reform remains questionable, however.

They consider the EU Commission’s declaration that they will stop overfishing with the help of smaller fishing fleets and multiannual fishing quotas hardly practicable. To achieve this, states that do not adhere to the stipulations and fish too much would have to be punished with fishing bans. The Cuxhaven Kutterfish-Zentrale accuses the EU in this context of already in the past not fulfilling its role as arbitrator between the different countries.

They therefore doubt whether the EU will now really enforce such penalties. Ultimately Spain, United Kingdom and other countries will probably once again assert their national interests and fail to keep to agreements.

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Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

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19/09/11 7:00 PM

GERMANY

surveillance of workers without a given suspicion were unacceptable for ethical reasons and should be banned in Germany anyway.

Fisheries scientists welcome reduction of subsidies

Fishery controls in the EU should in future not only be more stringent and more effective but also be uniform throughout Europe, to serve as a real deterrent.

The existing problems could only be solved by a pan-European approach to fisheries policy. It would hardly serve any purpose if the German fishing fleet were to reduce its capacity as planned if in other EU countries the fishing fleets were modernized and upgraded. German fishermen demand that artisanal coastal fisheries be better protected in the CFP reform. Although some fisheries, such as the crab fishery are not regulated by quotas, they have to meet the same requirements as the industrial deepsea fishery. The new control instruments, which are planned as part of the CFP reform, suffice fully for enforcing fishing quotas in the North and Baltic Seas. This opens up the opportunity to considerably reduce the administrative burden, because additional restrictions of fishing effort such as limiting days at sea or kilowatt days would no longer be necessary.

A blanket discard ban for all fish species is criticised by the German Fisheries Association (DFV), the Union of German Commercial and Recreational Fishermen. Some fish species, for example young plaice and sole, which are caught within the North Sea shrimp fishery 40

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

07_DE.indd 40

have good chances of survival so that a complete ban on discards would increase the fishing mortality rate unnecessarily. In addition, the effort required to utilize these fish on land is often very great, and in no reasonable relationship to its potential benefits.

It would be better to differentiate the discard ban by fishing sectors and regions and to provide for exemptions. A mandatory introduction of intra-state and inter-state individual transferable quotas (ITQs) is rejected.

Each EU member state should be able to decide on the introduction and refinement of ITQ. The reason given by the DFV is that a flexible quota transfer based on bartering is already in practice and that it meets the requirements for optimal resource management. Also, regarding the discard problem the ITQ was no cure-all. In theory, a fisherman could buy the required quota for fish species found in the by-catch. In practice, however, this was only possible if a quota holder were actually prepared to sell and the full quota had not been fished.

Mandatory surveillance cameras on board the vessels to monitor compliance with the discard ban (fully documented fishery) are rejected by the DFV: Camera

For NGOs and environmentalists it was already clear before the start of the reform process that EU fisheries policy could not go on as before. Now that Europe’s seas had been nearly fished empty, European fleets were increasingly evading the issue by fishing in the waters of many developing countries under “fisheries partnership agreements”. The Green Group in the European Parliament is concerned that the CFP reform does not go far enough and will not solve the problems within fisheries. In a press release dated July 11 2011 the Green President Rebecca Harms says that the market-based approach of the Commission for the distribution of fishing rights is completely misguided. The practice of transferable fishing quotas could lead to speculation. Fishing rights would end up being granted only to those who could pay most. It would be even worse to award fishing rights according to past catches. A system of that kind would primarily reward those who had so far contributed most to overfishing. Fishing rights should only be granted to those who made an important contribution to the promotion of fisheries-based coastal communities and could demonstrate that their activities did not damage the marine ecosystem.

Germany’s fisheries scientists hope that the reform will contribute towards closing obvious

gaps in the current CFP. Compromises would hardly be avoidable, because the EU Commission had to consider the claims of all member states who have an interest in marine fishing, and had to try to bring them under one umbrella.

It was thus already clear that the reformed CFP would not be able to solve all problems simultaneously. A lot of experts welcome the liberalization of the previously rigid quota policy. The possibility to trade fishing licences within a country in future was a step in the right direction. An even greater liberalisation allowing a certain transfer of quotas across national borders, too, for example, to curb unintentional bycatches, was desirable. Under the current EU plans, the by-catch, which can sometimes represent up to a quarter of the total catch, should be landed in the future.

The fishermen will then have to buy an additional licence for these catches. Fishery researchers see it as their responsibility to improve nets and fishing techniques to enable selective fishing and thus an overall reduction of the by-catch.

The EU’s departure from its previous policy of subsidies is welcomed by most experts since subsidies also contribute towards overfishing. It had to be the objective of EU member countries to put their fishing industries on their own feet without these subsidies. This would at the same time increase the pressure to reduce fishing fleets and adapt them better to the actual potential of fish resources. Together with the gradual introduction of the principle of “maximum sustainable yield” (MSY) for all fish species by 2015 that would give the stocks a chance to recover and adjust to the right level.

MK www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:00 PM

POLAND

Polish aquaculture and lake fishing at the beginning of the 21st century

Recirculation technology establishes itself in Poland Polish aquaculture prides itself on its long tradition, which, in the case of carp farming, dates back to the Middle Ages. In recent years freshwater fishing and aquaculture production accounts for only 10% of the domestic supply of fish for consumption, but the species offered are popular with consumers and appreciated for their quality.

Apart from producing fish for consumption, aquaculture plays an important role in providing the material to restock ponds, lakes, rivers, and the Baltic Sea with numerous species of fish.

T

he history of carp production in earth ponds in Poland spans over several hundred years. For centuries, methods of farming this species have been constantly improved.

Their traditional character has nevertheless survived until now and includes: a production cycle lasting several years and depending directly on climatic conditions (mainly on water temperature), a large share of natural food sources from the pond in the diet, the use of mainly non-processed grains for feeding the fish, and low production intensity, not exceeding 1,000 kg/ha in recent years in Poland. www.eurofishmagazine.com

08_Poland_PO.indd 41

s Visit u at: natio Inter

nal

No. STAND

D865

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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19/09/11 7:01 PM

POLAND Cormorants cause significant losses to carp farmers Land and climatic conditions influence the location of carp ponds, which are found mostly in southern and central Poland, in the strip between the eastern and western borders of the country.

In 2009, the area of ponds amounted to 70.1 thousand ha, out of which around 51.7 thousand was used for fish production.

Until the beginning of ownership transfers in agriculture in 1991, state fish holdings belonging to various institutions held around 78 of total pond area, whereas about 15 belonged to private owners. The privatisation process of former state holdings has not

finished yet. Nearly 1,000 carp farms are registered as commercial activities. Although holdings up to 50 ha constitute around 75 of all Polish farms, their share in commercial carp production is much lower, amounting to less than 20 (Table 1).

annual production is sold around Christmas. The capacity of the Polish carp market has been estimated to be 20,000 tonnes in recent years; shortages are supplemented by imports of live carp mainly from the Czech Republic and Lithuania.

With the largest total earth pond area in Europe, Poland has been the leading country in terms of carp production in the European Union for years. Losses caused by piscivorous animals (mainly great cormorants) and health problems have caused commercial carp production to decline by 34 between 2000 and 2007 (Figure 1). Since carp is a fundamental element of the Christmas table in Poland, about 80 of the

Polyculture yields several benefits More effective utilisation of the natural food in ponds without limiting carp growth, higher pond productivity thereby increasing profitability, and increasing the range of species on offer, are all sound arguments for increasing the production of additional species. Annual production of additional species for consumption,

mainly grass, silver, crucian and bighead carps, pike, tench, wels catfish, and pikeperch, oscillates between 1,500 and 2,500 tonnes.

Pond production of common carp fry and juveniles for stocking amounted to 8,300 tonnes in 2009, while the production for other species was around 1,000 tonnes. The prospects for carp production have been improved

by Community funds flowing into the sector since 2004. They have allowed many carp producers to make significant investments, for example, in pond modernisation, in specialist equipment, and in improved farm management. Payments to certain carp pond users to compensate for joining water and environment programme have also begun.

Table 1. Area of commercial farms producing carp in earth ponds in 2009 Area (ha)

Number of holdings

up to 5

227

5 to 50

Percentage of the total

Percentage of the area

Percentage of production

25

0.9

1.6 15.6

450

49.5

13.9

50 to 100

95

10.5

11

9.5

100 to 500

118

13

39.2

42.7

14

1.5

16

20.5

5

0.5

19.1

10.1

500 to 1 000 above 1 000

In 2009, the area of ponds amounted to 70.1 thousand ha, out of which around 51.7 thousand ha was used for fish production.

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Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

08_Poland_PO.indd 42

Andrzej Lirski

909

Andrzej Lirski

Total

Carp is a fundamental element of the Christmas table in Poland, about 80% of the annual production is sold around Christmas. www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:01 PM

Krzysztof Goryczko

POLAND

A biological filter on a trout farm. EU funds have been used to modernise trout farms and introduce new technology to make them more environmentally compatible.

Rainbow trout farms interested in sustainability The first commercial rainbow trout were produced in Poland in the early 1920s. Until the sixties it was farmed at a few Polish Anglers’ Association hatcheries as a luxury product. In the early seventies new rainbow trout farms were established by stateowned enterprises, as well as the Polish Anglers’ Association and private farmers. This activity resulted from easily accessible and cheap loans and was supported by Inland Fisheries Institute training and extension activities. Rainbow trout production accelerated as Polish farmers were trained by Danish experts and were introduced to modern farming and environmental

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Smart budget equipment specialists Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

43

19/09/11 7:01 PM

Zdzisław Zake˛s’

Zdzisław Zake˛s’

POLAND

Hatcheries produce material to restock natural water bodies with several species including pike, vendace, whitefish, pikeperch, and catfish.

Polish fish farmers are producing new species such as barramundi (picture) and African sharptooth catfish and experimenting with farming pikeperch in recirculation systems.

Table 2. Value of stocking material introduced to Polish open waters between 2004 and 2010.

2006 Total stocking value (EUR milion) EUR/ha*

2007

2008

2009

2010

9.4

9.6

10.5

11.3

11.5

16.7

18

19.5

20.9

21.1

* stocking concerns ca. 380 thousand ha of lakes, rivers and dammed reservoirs used for fishing purposes

protection technologies. As a result old farms were modernized and new ones equipped with systems, such as sedimentation ponds, or recirculation technologies, to clean the discharge water.

After joining the EU, the modernization process continued to gather speed, supported by the Sectoral Operational Programme. The development of trout production in Poland is illustrated in Figure 2.

Several factors contributed to this rapid and steady development:

– farmers are well organized.

The sector is represented at the Polish Fishermen’s Association by the Polish Trout Breeders’ Association (a FEAP member since 1992); – a modern fish processing industry that facilitates the export of high quality rainbow trout products; – effective cooperation with research institutions allowing the exchange of opinions and rapid dissemination of new fish farming technologies and methods.

– the potential of the domestic market, where fish consumption in 2009 amounted to 13.5 kg per capita annually, and a growing demand for healthy food; – high education level, with more than 60 of the trout farmers in possession of a university degree;

Last year 171 trout farms existed in Poland, 147 of which reported commercial fish production of 12,650 tonnes. Apart from rainbow trout, many farms produce stocking material for salmon, sea and brown trout, grayling, anadromous whitefish and huchen (Danube salmon), which promotes the

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08_Poland_PO.indd 44

preservation of these endangered species. Investments to modernise farms to improve water use (by aeration and recirculation), and to clean farm effluents, illustrate that Polish trout farming is serious about the sustainable use of freshwater resources.

Hatcheries play important role in restocking One of the first European hatcheries was established in Poland probably around 1848. Polish hatcheries at that time produced salmon fry for open waters stocking. Until the 1990s the stocking material was for mainly three species, vendace (Coregonus albula), pike (Esox lucius), and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). Reproductive material was acquired without hormonal stimulation, from wild spawners caught in natural water bodies

during the natural spawning season. Most hatcheries utilised simple technical solutions. Recently, Polish hatcheries have introduced modern technical solutions and equipment including recirculation systems (RAS) thanks to financial support from the EU structural funds. Between 2004 and 2010, the value of stocking material (for 28 species) introduced to open waters doubled (Table 2).

Currently, the so-called "difficult species," requiring thermal and/or hormonal stimulation are reproduced in hatcheries, like, for example, pikeperch (Sander lucioperca), wels catfish (Silurus glanis) or rheophilic (preferring fast-moving water) fish. Post-season reproduction techniques for such species have been mastered. As a result, the percentage share of roe of other species incubated in Polish hatcheries (apart from prevailing pike and vendace) has grown from 6 (in 1990s) to nearly 20 of the total volume.

Based on material produced in hatcheries, endeavours to restitute Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus) in Polish waters are under way (see next article).

Fish farms keep a spawning www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:01 PM

POLAND

Table 3. Commercial fish catches in Polish lakes in 2009 Species Vendace Whitefish European eel Pikeperch

Tonnes 224.4 8.88 110.42

Species

Tonnes

Bream large

195.8

Bream medium

319.86

Bream small

171.82

97.32

Bream total

687.47

Pike

284.17

White bream

93.28

Tench

140.61

Common carp

32.84

Perch large

103.61

Grass carp

Perch small

39.38

Perch total Crucian carp

2.37

Bullhead carp

72.49

142.99

Smelt

32.67

93.02

Wels

1.95

Roach large

178.28

Other

15.76

Roach small

173.76

Total

2392.68

352.04 Arkadiusz Wołos

Roach total

and brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario) are reared on artificial fodder. African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is also being reared under RAS in Poland and

is estimated to reach a volume of 400 tonnes per year. New farms for this species, co-financed, among others, by the EU structural funds, have been established, which will increase production further. The production of sturgeons is also developing promisingly in RAS, as well as on trout and carp farms.

Currently ca. 400 tonnes of fish for consumption are produced and the production of caviar has also begun (300-350 kg per annum). Large farms equipped with several dozen recirculation aquaculture systems of different sizes and hydroponic cultivation systems produce several dozen tonnes of barramundi (Lates calcarifer). At the moment, a rearing facility equipped with RAS for a target annual production of several hundred tonnes of alien fish species is under construction subsidised by EU structural funds.

The yield from capture fisheries from lakes has declined to 2,300 tonnes from a peak of 7,000 to 8,000 tonnes in part because of predation by cormorants.

biomass of endangered species, for example, whitefish and grayling (Thymallus thymallus), which allows regular stocking of natural waters with these species. Hatcheries in Poland are thus an important tool to preserve the biodiversity of natural water ecosystems. www.eurofishmagazine.com

08_Poland_PO.indd 45

New assortment of stocking material and new species Stocking material is increasingly produced in hatcheries equipped with recirculation systems.

Currently, over a dozen species of fish including whitefish, pike, Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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19/09/11 7:01 PM

Andrzej Lirski

POLAND

With the largest total earth pond area in Europe, Poland has been the leading country in terms of carp production in the European Union for years.

The production of domestic species of fish, such as pikeperch, in this type of intensive breeding systems is a real possibility that has already been tried on a pilot scale.

Sharp decline in commercial catches from lakes The total area of lakes used for fishing purposes in Poland

amounts to about 270 thousand ha and is used by around 600 operators. The largest area is used by companies of different types, established mainly by former state fish holdings’ managers and employees, followed by the Polish Anglers’ Association, private persons (often fishers previously employed by state holdings) and finally, by other entities (e.g. national parks, schools, recreation centres). In

Figure 1 Carp production from 2006 to 2010

their prime, state fish holdings were responsible for between 7,000 and 8,000 tonnes of fish, but by 2009 the volume of commercial catches from lakes amounted to only 2,392 tonnes.

Over 16 fish species appear regularly in lake catches, but only seven exceeded 100 tonnes, the largest of which were bream, roach, pike and vendace (Table 3). With the decline in catches productivity has naturally also

fallen from more than 25 to less than 9 kg/ha.

In 2009 fish farms introduced 17 fish species and 1 crayfish species to the lakes they use. The species were as follows, starting from the most frequently stocked: pike, tench, European eel, pikeperch, vendace, common carp, whitefish, wels, crucian carp, roach, bream, perch, grass carp, lake trout, bullhead carp, ide, asp, crayfish. In terms of the number of farms, the area of stocking and the financial value of stocking, pike is visibly in the lead followed by vendace, eel, whitefish and tench. The greatest problem faced by lake fishing is the great cormorant, which is growing steadily in number. It is estimated that cormorants are the largest harvesters of fish from the lakes, followed by anglers, whose catches are over three times as large as the commercial fishers’, who follow in third place.

Krzysztof Goryczko, Andrzej Lirski, Arkadiusz Wołos, Zdzisław Zake˛s´ Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Poland

Rainbow productiontrout in Poland Figure 2 trout Rainbow production from 2002 to 2009

18000 16000 14000

Tonnes

12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0

Source: Inland Fisheries Institute

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2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Source: FAO Source: FAO

www.eurofishmagazine.com

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POLAND

Recovery of Baltic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus Mitchill in Poland

Sturgeon restocking programme gives positive results The Baltic sturgeon was the only representative of the genus Acipenser living in two environments in the Baltic Sea. Mature specimens migrated to their spawning grounds in the upper reaches of the rivers Neva, Volkhov, Drina, Neman, Pregolya, Vistula, and Oder or their tributaries.

T

he genus oxyrinchus was one of the largest representatives of the Acipenseridae family. The biggest specimens weighed more than 200 kg, with a length of 3.0 m. At the beginning of the 20th century the Baltic sturgeon played an important economic role with catches above 200 tonnes, of which over 50 were in the Gdansk Bay and the Vistula river (Figure 1).

However, in the first decades of the 20th century the decline in the sturgeon population was so huge that by the end of 1920s annual catches were no more than an insignificant number of specimens. In the second half of the 20th century, when the Baltic sturgeon was under strict protection, fishers caught several dozen specimens in Poland’s territory. The last representatives of the Baltic sturgeon of the Vistula river population were probably caught in the Vistula river north of the City of Torun´ in 1965 and in the river mouth zone in 1972.

In 1996 a female sturgeon weighing of 135 kg and a length of 2.7 m was caught in Estonian territorial waters close to the Saarema Island.

This was the last Baltic sturgeon catch recorded suggesting that its population was totally extinct.

Baltic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus caught close to the Estonian coast in 1998.

Identifying the type of sturgeon in the Baltic Sea

sturgeon Acipenser sturio L. But significant differences were found between representatives of the Baltic population and those of other European populations, i.e. from the Black Sea and the Atlantic, and at the same time the similarity of the former to the North American Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill had been noted by some.

However, in the opinion of fisheries taxonomists the differences were not sufficient to claim that the Baltic Sea was inhabited by a species other than Acipenser sturio.

Until recently the prevailing view was that the Baltic Sea was inhabited by the European Atlantic

A breakthrough in the views on the systematic status of the Baltic sturgeon was achieved with the

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results of the comparative studies of mitochondrial DNA of the Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic populations and A. oxyrinchus. These demonstrated a genetic similarity between the Baltic sturgeon and the Atlantic sturgeon found along the North American coast. Finally, the species status of the sturgeon inhabiting the southern part of the Baltic Sea was clarified by analysing DNA sequences isolated from archaeological and museum material collected in Poland. They unequivocally showed that from the 4th to 5th century it was the Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus Mitchill which was present in this area.

Programme to reintroduce A. oxyrinchus to the Baltic Sea A series of favourable environmental changes that took place at the beginning of the 21st century in the southern part of the Baltic Sea and the clarified species status of the Baltic sturgeon persuaded the Inland Fisheries Institute to initiate a Baltic sturgeon recovery programme.

This was based on the rearing in captivity of hatchlings from which future schools of spawners could be created – the source of material for restocking. The programme also carried out pilot restocking to study adaptation capabilities

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POLAND

and behaviour of sturgeon reared under controlled conditions.

In the beginning the research was wholly financed by the Institute, but later co-financed through EU funds. The basic stock for this work was fertilized spawn of Atlantic sturgeon from the St. John river natural population brought every year – starting from 2004 – to Poland from Canada. The experimental and development work relating to the hatchlings and the rearing of potential spawners is mainly carried out in the state-of-the-art Sturgeon Hall, constructed in the area of the Acipenseridae Breeding Department of the Inland Fisheries Institute, funded by the Ekofundusz Foundation and co-financed by European Union funds. Older sturgeon hatchlings selected for further rearing are individually marked with PIT tags (an implanted rfid tag that identifies an individual fish) and genetically tested. In the future, after spawner schools are formed, this will enable the development of the matrix of crossings of particular specimens, in order to maintain the high genetic variability of their offspring.

Close collaboration with German colleagues In parallel to the work related to improving the breeding biotechnology, research is conducted into the behaviour of the species in natural conditions. Starting as early as in 2006, the Drveca river, and more recently, the Wisłoka in the Vistula catchment as well as the Drava, Warta and Gwda in the Oder catchment were stocked in a pilot effort. These rivers were inhabited by the sturgeon in the past and currently they are characterized by favourable conditions for hatchling growth, and in the future for sturgeon spawn.

Both stocking and research activities are carried out in cooperation with colleagues from the 48

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Experimental stocking of the Drveca river with heavy Atlantic sturgeon hatchlings.

Hydrobiology and Fisheries Institute in Berlin. More than 70,000 hatchlings weighing from 5-9 g to 1600 – 1800 g were released into the Vistula catchment. Part of these fishes was reared in conditions close to natural (fish passage ponds) with access to natural feeds, and part in pools with artificial feedstuff. The diversity of the stocking material and the environmental conditions enabled interesting observations about fish behaviour in the river.

Out of the hatchlings released into the Vistula river over 2,000 were marked with external Carlin tags

and 150 had implanted radio or hydro-acoustic micro-transmitters to track the passage of the fish in the river and the coastal areas of the Gdan´sk Bay. Telemetric testing in the Drveca river showed that specimens weighing above 50-60 g stayed from 2 to 5 weeks in this river, and then for a period of several months in the Vistula river and the coastal area of the Gdan´ sk Bay. They found very good feeding conditions there according to information from fishers in the Vistula estuary and Gdan´sk Bay, who occasionally caught sturgeons in their nets. The record weight gain of the hatchlings staying for several

Sturgeon Hall constructed at the Acipenseridae Breeding Department in Pieczarki in 2009, co-financed by EU funds.

months in the Vistula mouth area was more than 300. In addition, information was obtained on some sturgeon catches in the Baltic Sea in zones remote from the Gdan´sk Bay. In 2009, a Danish fisher caught a tagged sturgeon weighing 4.4 kg near Bornholm.

In autumn that year several sturgeons were caught along the coast in the vicinity of Koszalin, Poland – the weight of the largest one was above 7 kg. And a sturgeon weighing 1.0 kg was caught in the Curonian Bay. The results obtained so far suggest that there are good reasons for the success of future restocking activities. Atlantic sturgeon hatchlings show a healthy capacity to adapt to natural conditions and the favourable environment enables them to maintain a high growth rate.

Ryszard Kolman, Andrzej Kapusta, Arkadiusz Duda, Mirosław Szczepkowski, Grzegorz Wiszniewski.

Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute 10-719 Olsztyn-Kortowo ul.

Oczapowskiego 10, Poland; kolrys@infish.com.pl www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:02 PM

[ PROcessing ] Technical options for controlling the cold chain

Adequate cooling ensures quality and freshness The usability and economic value of a lot of products – including foods – depend heavily on whether certain temperatures are maintained during their transport and storage. Deviations not only shorten a product’s shelf life but can also lead to its premature spoilage. But what possibilities are there for controlling continuous adherence to the required temperature?

B

y now everybody is familiar with the term “cold chain” – that system of continuous cooling that has to be followed during storage and transportation of certain products from the manufacturer to the wholesaler and ­retailer right up to the end consumer. It was only with the development of this system that global trade with perishable foodstuffs became possible, and adherence to the cold chain is the precondition for today’s situation where fresh fish can be offered in locations far from the coast. The number of products whose durability is linked to the maintenance of certain temperatures is increasing all the time.

Not only are many foods highly sensitive in this respect but also a number of medical and chemical products. And not all of them have to be kept cool: some products require higher temperatures in order to preserve their ­quality.

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1

­Instead of using the term “cold chain” it might be more appropriate to say “temperature-controlled transportation chain”.

Even in the case of food, different temperatures are required for some product groups. Fresh meat, for example, should not exceed a temperature of 4° C and milk and dairy products must be kept below 8° C. Sometimes, even within an individual product group such as fruit or vegetables different conditions must be met. Whereas apples will keep fresh longest at 1-4° C mangoes prefer temperatures of around 12° C. On its journey from the producer to the consumer frozen fish should be kept at a constant icy temperature of minus 18 degrees Celsius. Already these few examples give an idea of how extensive and how complex logistical requirements are for the storage and transportation of foodstuffs.

Specially equipped warehouses, loading units and vehicles are ­necessary for making sure that a food’s quality and durability, its nutritional value and flavour are not impaired or even spoiled so that it has to be destroyed. Today, refrigerated trucks often have multiple temperature controlled chambers, so that each product can be transported at exactly the temperature that is required by law.

Adhering to the prescribed temperatures alone is not enough, however, because EC Regulation 178/2002 also requires that the cold chain is continuously monitored and recorded at each relevant transfer point. A food’s “history” must be traceable at all the different stages of the process from the taking over of the goods by the carrier to their handing over to the recipient (“levels of responsibility”). Even though all parties generally cooper-

ate closely within the supply chain this goal is not always achieved. All too often, the ­controls are limited to measuring the temperature of incoming and outgoing goods, i.e. at transfer points. What temperature conditions they may have been exposed to before or after, however, is too rarely considered... despite the fact that there are many ways of eliminating gaps in the documentation of the ­temperature profile along the supply chain.

Simple and affordable: time temperature indicators Time temperature indicators (TTI) constitute an elegant and relatively inexpensive solution. They can be stuck onto the product like a label which changes ­colour if the desired temperature is exceeded.

Manufacturers of TTIs make use of some very different principles.

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[ PROcessing ]

“Monitor Mark” from the USbased manufacturer 3M is made of coloured wax with a precisely defined melting point, which is covered with an extremely thin protective layer. When the preset temperature is exceeded the wax melts, penetrates to the outside and freezes visibly on the surface.

In contrast to numerous competitor products these labels only show that a certain temperature has been exceeded and ignore everything that happens below this critical limit. This simple aid can be very beneficial in the case of foods because where time-sensitive indicators are concerned consumers will unfortunately often prematurely consider a product’s shelflife to have expired or assume that it is already spoiled.

The U.S. companies Temptime and Lifelines Technologies offer particularly good value indicators which work on the basis of polymers. Polymers are giant molecules that are made of repetitive blocks which, depending on time and the ambient temperature, link together and thereby become darker and darker.

A disadvantage is, however, that this polymerization process starts immediately after manufacture, i.e. the TTI is activated directly after production and must therefore 50 Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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be stored at temperatures below minus 25° C until used.

Gesytec GmbH

The OnVu technology from BASF and Freshpoint is based on pigments that change their colour over the course of time and in case of temperature variations. The higher the temperature the faster the dye on the OnVu label fades.

After the label has been fixed onto the product and activated using UV light the TTI first darkens and then becomes paler over the course of time and as the temperature rises.

When the activated colour indicator is the same as the reference colour (which is also printed on the label) the product’s durability has expired.

The TTI label from Cox Technologies works with enzymes, whose activity brings about a colour change depending on the temperature. The label consists of two synthetic chambers, which must be broken to activate them. When broken, the liquids they contain – an oil and the enzyme – are mixed.

With time the enzyme breaks down the molecules in the oil, whereby the initial green colour turns to yellow. The higher the temperature, the faster this change takes place. A disadvantage here, however, is the fact that temperatures above 40° C destroy the enzyme. Labels that have become unusable due to heat still show the freshness of a product even after it has long been spoiled.

The TTI label for optical temperature control from Topcryo is based on microorganisms that respond “biologically” to temperature fluctuations and their duration.

There are 24 standard label variants for 4°, 8° and 10° C in various time increments from 12-192 h so that the user will be able to find a suitable label for a large number of products. The frozen labels are activated by thawing. When the set levels (temperature, duration) are exceeded their colour changes from green to red.

Developed at the University of Münster the “PolyTakSys” chip uses an electrically conductive polymer which after activation by simple moistening begins to move slowly through an organoelectronic layer which is visible by means of the slow growth of a coloured bar. The mechanism is based on a special form of diffusion which is temperature dependent and produces a sharp colour display. This offers various ways of indicating freshness, for example a traffic light (from green / fresh to

In the GesySense Logger version data are first stored internally and later handed over via radio for data collection. This makes this series particularly suitable for mobile applications and in locations with poor transmission / reception.

red / expired), or the appearance of a warning indicating the expiry date of the product. The chip could also be linked to an RFID tag (radio frequency identification) that could transmit other information to a special reader electromagnetically. Foods in the refrigerated section that have passed their expiry date could trigger such a warning, for example.

RFID and cool data loggers for monitoring temperature online Due to their technical characteristics RFIDs are well suited to documenting temperature profiles.

The small chips can be placed directly on the product or even

inside larger packaging units.

Their capacity is usually sufficient to record the temperature along the entire transport path from manufacturer to retailer without any gaps. Because the information is transmitted electromagnetically, no physical or visual contact between the chip and the reading device is necessary for communicating with the reader, which reads the collected data and transmits them to a computer. This promising technology is, however, as still too interference-prone and not yet ready for practical application. In spite of reusable RFID chips this method is also still fairly expensive. It will be some time before routine use in practice becomes possible. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ PROcessing ]

The choice of technical solutions available for monitoring temperature in the cold chain is almost overwhelming. In G ­ ermany, several well-known manufacturers offer individual products and complete solutions, e.g. Gesytec GmbH (Aachen), whose GesySense systems were developed for device monitoring and wireless data collection via radio.

In the GesySense Logger version data are first stored internally and later handed over via radio for data collection. This makes this series particularly suitable for mobile applications and in locations with www.eurofishmagazine.com

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poor transmission / reception.

Gesys systems are also used in the refrigerated sections of supermarkets and for monitoring freezers.

With the temperature data logger TRED30-7 from the LogTag series the company CiK Solutions GmbH (Karlsruhe) has developed a device that allows temperature analysis even without a PC. With the help of its clear display and the integrated statistics memory (up to 7,770 temperature readings can be stored, measuring range from -40 ° C to +99 ° C) daily alarm, minimum, maximum, and alarm duration of the last 30 days are immediately available in addition to the current temperature value. With the LogTag Interface and the intuitive LogTag Analyzer these data can be presented in graphical or tabular format on a PC, sent by e-mail, or uploaded to an FTP server.

The EBI 25 wireless sensor system from ebro Electronic GmbH (Ingolstadt) is among other things suited to the wireless monitoring of temperatures in freezers, refrigerators and refrigeration equipment.

Excess temperatures are immediately reported from the central ebro portal via SMS or e-mail.

EU CHILL-ON project expands range of ­possibilities Improving the quality, safety and transparency of chilled food in the supply chain was also the objective of the major applied research project CHILL-ON, which was ­ funded by the EU with more than EUR10 million. In the context of this project the TRACE CHILL s­ystem was developed. This software combines various technologies to ­enable communication and data management throughout the entire cold chain. In addition to internetbased Supply Chain Management (SCM) it also includes a Decision

ebro Electronic GmbH

As an alternative, there is a similar but technically much more sophisticated technology that uses a temperature data recorder, or cool data logger. This small device can be fixed / stationary, for example in cold storage or processing areas, or used for monitoring temperature during transport. The devices trigger an alert visually, acoustically or by cell phone if the cooling technique is not working properly or if the specified temperature limits are exceeded. In the basic version, these systems consist of one or more temperature sensors and a data store. In refrigerated vehicles a printer will often be added to record the temperature profile during transportation so that it can be presented to the customer upon delivery of the goods. ­On-line transmission of the real-time operating conditions, temperature data and profile is possible. This means that the refrigerated vehicle remains linked to the internet portals of potential interested parties, such as the forwarding company, the supplier or the food manufacturer during transport. The transmitted data give them the chance to optimally integrate the vehicles into their fleet management, or to link the delivery process directly with other operational processes.

The EBI 25 wireless sensor system from ebro Electronic GmbH (Ingolstadt) wirelessly monitors temperatures in in freezers, refrigerators and refrigeration equipment. Excess temperatures are immediately reported via SMS or e-mail.

Support System (DSS) which is based on predictions concerning the microbiology of individual products. C ­ HILL-ON technologies were tested in practice during the project. The researchers accompanied the transport of cod from Iceland to France, fish from Chile on its way to Spain, and frozen bass within a cold chain in China. All the data that they collected on the journey from the catch to processing, transportation by plane, truck or ship to the final retailers were transmitted ­wirelessly to a server and evaluated.

What logistical requirements are needed to ensure the cold chain in the global fish business is demonstrated clearly using the example of the Metro Group. The Trade Group Metro Cash & Carry is the largest marketer of fresh fish in Europe and has developed a comprehensive control system which is mandatory for all parties involved in the supply chain. Fish farms and packing stations from Iceland to Thailand must fulfil strict hygiene requirements, and adherence is constantly monitored on site. In the modern logistics centre the fish’s quality and freshness is checked under a constant temperature of 2° C prior to order picking.

The vehicles that take the fish from

the storehouse to the markets are equipped with automatic temperature controls which continuously transmit the measured temperature values to headquarters via satellite. If a defined threshold is exceeded, those responsible redirect the truck immediately to the nearest cold storage depot.

Fresh fish is displayed in the Metro Cash & Carry markets beneath crushed ice, frozen fish in freezers. Sensors monitor the temperatures and transmit the data to a central server. The system will alert if limits are exceeded so that products can be removed from the shelves as a precaution. At the same time, the control system automatically informs the maintenance service so that a technician can repair the defective cooling system. For its professional customers Metro Cash & Carry provides cool boxes in their wholesale markets with special ice packs for fish p­urchases. There are automatic dispensers at which used ice packs can be replaced with new ones. At the wholesale market in Düsseldorf Metro is testing a special “chilled parking area” behind the checkout area where major ­customers can leave their full shopping carts while they fill up the next one.

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[ fraud ] www.cin.ba

Fraud in the seafood trade

Importance of pre-shipment inspection Ensuring the quality and quantity of the purchased seafood is very important both for the supplier and the buyer. An independent pre-shipment inspection ensures that the buyer will receive the goods he had paid for and the seller avoids unfair quality claims. Unfortunately, many companies do not order the inspection and get into trouble.

P

re-shipment inspection is considered to be one of the most important elements of any import/export o­ peration, especially when you are dealing with products as perishable as fish and seafood. Some nations even make the pre-shipment inspection mandatory for most of the goods imported into the country.

It can pay to be cautious when dealing with a new supplier How can you be sure that you will get what you are paying for without seeing the product? Are you sure that the fish you are buying is of acceptable quality and properly labelled? Does the loaded quantity correspond to that stated in the contract and in the invoice?

Being a seafood buyer you should ask yourself all these questions before signing a deal with a new overseas supplier. Ignoring a preshipment inspection may cost you thousands of dollars as well as the possible loss of your reputation and business partners.

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There are many cases where the buyer receives cheaper species instead of the more expensive one he had ordered, heavily overglazed product, fish of different sizes and even completely rotten consignments of no value. In almost half these cases the buyer had no previous experience with the supplier and it was the first (and the last) time they were doing business together. All these problems could have been easily avoided if the buyer had insisted on a pre-shipment inspection of the cargo and used less risky payment terms rather than a partial or full prepayment to an unknown supplier.

Elementary yet important procedures The rules of safe purchase from a new supplier are simple: • Check the company first and make sure it is not a bogus firm and that it is not a newcomer on the market.

• Offer a Letter of Credit as a payment for the product. As the banks are dealing with

An independent pre-shipment inspection will ensure that the buyer receives the goods he had paid for and the seller avoids unfair quality claims.

documents, but not the goods, it is very important to guarantee the quality of the product you are buying. To ensure the quality of the fish you need to add a report from an independent pre-shipment inspection to the set of export documents to be presented to the bank. If the seller does not plan to cheat you, it is always possible to agree on the text of the report and find an

inspection company accept­ able by both parties. If it turns out that the quality of the consignment does not correspond to the contract and your requirements the exporter will not be paid. ere is another imporTh tant point the buyers should remember. If the inspection report is not included with the set of export documents www.eurofishmagazine.com

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[ fraud ] the seller can ship the fish and get paid even if the quality of the product is not satisfactory.

Here is one example.

I mporter A opened a Letter of Credit in favour of an overseas supplier B for the supply of one container of frozen fish. Before the goods were shipped the buyer ordered a pre-­shipment inspection that showed that ­­ the quality of the product was lower than agreed. The seller contested the inspection results and in spite of the fact that the buyer rejected the container, shipped the fish and sent the documents to the bank. The L/C was paid at sight as the buyer was not able to stop the payment.

• I n the seafood business many deals are done on pre-payment basis and many companies do not want to work with Letters of Credit. For buyers located in certain countries prepayment is still the only way to pay for the imported product. Importers should remember that once the money is transferred to the seller the buyer has very little chance of influencing the exporter. In some countries it will be almost impossible to recover the loss and force the seller to compensate the ­damage.

n advance payment guarA antee described in previous issues of Eurofish Magazine can be a good solution for the buyer to avoid losing the prepayment. Before transferring the money the buyer demands a guarantee from the seller’s bank. Both parties have a signed contract where the quality of the product is described. The quality of the product should be confir­ med by an independent pre-­ shipment inspection before the fish is shipped. If the quality and the quantity of the product are different from that stated in the contract (it will be confirmed in the report issued by an independent surveyor) the seller will not be paid and the buyer can claim his prepayment from the seller’s bank.

• A nother option for the buyer to ensure the quality of the product is to issue a bank guarantee to the supplier. The quality of the fish should be clearly stated in the contract or in the guarantee and confirmed by an independent preshipment inspection. If the quality does not correspond to the contract the seller will not receive the payment.

These methods of payment combined with a pre-shipment

BL International Ltd. Company Fact File 518, Eurotowers, Europort Avenue Gibraltar Tel: +350-54015717 / +44-2032395902 Fax: +350-21628708 / +44-2030148627 Email: info@black-lists.com www.black-lists.com

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Business activities: Anti-fraud consulting services, international claim exchange, debt recovery and conflict settlement assistance.

Manager: Alex Sergeev Area of activity: worldwide Clients: importers, exporters, ­traders, and manufacturers

inspection can provide a degree of security for the importer when he is dealing with a new supplier.

Nevertheless, despite the advantages of a pre-shipment inspection, it is often ignored. Some of the reasons are presented here: 1. H igh costs of the inspection.

“We are not making huge money on this shipment to afford extra costs”. This is not true. The costs of the inspection may vary from 150 to 1000 Euros, depending on the required tests, country of origin, characteristics of the product and its quantity. Still this amount is a small part of the total costs of the consignment. Any possible problems with the quality and the quantity of the product will cost much more.

2.

Difficulties with finding an inspection company in the country of loading. Sometimes it might take the buyer several days to be able to contact an inspection company. Often the buyer and the seller operate in limited time frames and the importer does not have enough time to find an inspection company. If you plan to import seafood from a certain country, it is worth finding an inspection company in advance. When you have the price for the inspection and its terms of business, you can order the inspection at short notice.

3. Buyers are afraid that the local supplier will make a deal with the inspector and the report will show no quality or quantity problems even if they exist.

This is very unlikely. Inspection companies take care of their reputations and can go out of business shortly after

such facts become known. They make more money on inspections than on closing their eyes to problems with a single ­shipment.

4. “ The supplier looks reliable, why should we mistrust him?”

Even if you see a solid webpage and have obtained good references about the exporter, it is still worth inspecting the goods, especially if it is your first deal with this company.

5. “ We have done several shipments with this supplier. No problems so far, so why should we order the inspection?” Of course, if you know your partner and trust him, your business dealings are quicker and more efficient. However from time to time it is worth checking a shipment, especially if it is to be sold to one of your key customers. This explanation should be accepted by the supplier and should not spoil your relations.

Pre-shipment inspection is very important when the product is bought from a small trading company that does not have its own production facilities. This is particularly the case when the shipment consists of several lots collected from different ­producers.

Importers may be more sure of the quality of the product when it is purchased directly from a well-known and established producer, as such companies have strict quality controls and care about their image in the market.

However, such companies do not sell to everybody and carefully choose their clients. Minor seafood operators therefore have to search for partners their equal and rely on a pre-shipment inspection to avoid problems with the product.

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[ TECHNOLOGY ] Software sends feedback to managers to optimise production

Baader closely integrates hardware and software to improve productivity Skagerak Salmon, part of the Skagerak Group, specialises in salmon products both semi-processed, but also increasingly portions for the retail market and more value-added products. About 60% of the production is fresh fish while the rest is frozen.

S

kagerak Salmon has a longstanding partnership with Baader, a manufacturer of fish and poultry processing machinery as well as turnkey processing solutions. In 2008 Baader supplied Skagerak Salmon with a Salmon Solution. The system encompassed emptying the raw material boxes, heading, filleting, trimming, weighing, by-product handling, and production control, all the way to freezing and packaging. The company is now upgrading to the new Baader 581 filleting machine which offers the advantages of higher yields, improved capacity and a better quality end product. It has a wide working range of 2-7 kg fish, without the need for adjustments.

The machine reduces mechanical stress on the fillet, giving an improved surface appearance and on top of everything else is very easy to operate.

Better quality at a reasonable price The new machine chimes with the Skagerak Salmon vision of supplying mainly fresh products to higher-end markets in Central Europe. We want to be known as a reliable supplier of quality products at a reasonable price, says

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Peter Luxhøi, director of Skagerak Salmon. We achieve this with the help of the higher yields from the Baader machine. One of the biggest and most efficient producers of smoked salmon, the Polish company Morpol, has also opted for the Baader 581. Tomasz Pyjor, production manager at Morpol says that the machine has been running for 20 hours a day since its installation without problems, handling salmon as well as trout and defrosted sockeye.

At Skagerak Salmon the raw material is carefully evaluated for texture as well as for the neatness of the gutting process. A good cut and a really clean belly is the best precondition for a high yield, says Mr Luxhøi, and we find that the Baader gutting machine performs very well in this regard.

The company has also invested in a new salmon line from Baader that is efficient and delivers excellent quality. We demand that the equipment is first of all reliable, with high yield and efficiency, and, of course, good hygiene performance, says Mr Luxhøi. With the equipment we have achieved a significant increase in capacity and yield and a considerably decrease in downgrading. Downtime is reduced and throughput

The new high speed salmon processing line consists of a heading machine, filleting machine, a fillet transfer unit, a trimming machine, a final control unit and a weighing and grading system. All the units are linked by the management software allowing close monitoring and control of the system.

is higher thereby maintaining the low temperature in the fillet.

Back up with service and spares if needed For Skagerak Salmon the reliability of Baader’s equipment played a role in the decision to invest, but also the fact that in case of problems there would be a professional team offering support in terms of spare parts and service. That Baader is working constantly to improve its machines and increase reliability and yield was also an important factor in selecting Baader

as supplier. The range of Baader products also includes software to monitor its processing lines.

The software provides real time reports on each stage of the process allowing the line manager to make rapid adjustments to optimise efficiency, quality and throughput. The new high speed salmon processing line consists of a heading machine, filleting machine, a fillet transfer unit, a trimming machine, a final control unit and a weighing and grading system. All the units are linked by the management software allowing close monitoring and control of the system.

Baader, Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud. GmbH&Co. KG Geniner Str. 249 D 23560 Luebeck Germany Tel.: +49 451/5302-0 Fax: +49 451 5302492 Regina.Dedow@baader.com www.baader.com

Marketing manager: Ms. Regina Dedow Products: Fish and poultry processing machinery as well as turnkey processing solutions Markets: Global

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19/09/11 7:09 PM

[ TECHNOLOGY ] Dybvad Stål Industri makes high-quality plate freezers

User-friendly design and robust construction The market for plate freezers has always been fiercely competitive. Over the last years, however, with the entry on to the market of Asian companies that can produce equipment at lower costs than their European counterparts, the focus has moved to innovation, reliability, and customer service.

D

ybvad Stål Industri (DSI), the Danish manufacturer of plate freezers, has found that even in harsh economic times there is still a market for high quality products with user friendly designs, a strong focus on product reliability, and low maintenance costs, says Peter N. Christensen, the sales director.

We are experiencing a boom in orders from both offshore and onshore plants and from different industry sectors including fishing, pet food, meat and poultry, he adds. “I am convinced that our customers realise that disappointment at low quality lasts much longer than pleasure at low prices.”

More than fifty models of vertical and horizontal freezers Plate freezers consist of a series of hollow flat, refrigerated aluminium plates that are mounted parallel to each other and may be arranged either horizontally or vertically next to each other.

The material to be frozen can be packaged or unpackaged and is introduced in between the plates so that the plate surfaces are in close contact with the product to be frozen. The frozen product is a block. DSI has more than fifty different horizontal and vertical freezers that can be used in any application where plate freezing is required. The company also www.eurofishmagazine.com

11_TECH.indd 55

works closely with different manufacturers of automatic loading and unloading systems to develop systems customised for the DSI plate freezers.

Almost the entire production (98) is exported to countries around the world. Behind the sales is an international network of refrigeration contractors and process equipment suppliers, who guarantee the correct installation of the machinery and, crucially, are responsible for the after-sales service. Since DSI does not sell its freezers directly to the end-users the refrigeration contractors have a very important role to play. Over the years the company has built very strong ties with these consultants, who are the people in the field responsible for the satisfaction of the customers.

Energy saving with the CorePoint System DSI is constantly improving on its equipment to ensure that it

Dybvad Stål Industri produces more than fifty models of horizontal and vertical plate freezers for sale around the world.

incorporates the latest developments in technology. This means not only that new products are released at regular intervals, but that the company also keeps a close eye on its existing range with a view to improving the functions and features. For example, the company has developed a system to measure core temperature. Called the CorePoint System it measures the temperature at the core of the product during the freezing process. The system can be retrofitted to any of the company’s vertical plate

Dybvad Stål Industri A/S Parkvej 5 DK 9352 Dybvad Denmark Tel.: +45 98 86 42 99 Fax: +45 98 86 46 60 peter@dsi-as.com

www.dsi-as.com Sales Director: Peter N. Christensen Products: Vertical and horizontal plate freezers Markets: Global

freezers and consists of a thermo sensor mounted in a probe that is inserted into the product. When the product is completely frozen it can be easily removed; the probe slides out smoothly and are ready for the next job.

The CorePoint system offers a number of advantages including precise measurement of the core temperature, documented freezing temperatures, energy saving, reduction in emissions, fully controlled freezing time, and ease of installation. Only one kit is needed for each freezer. The system gives full control over the freezing time for each freezer regardless of the different initial temperatures of the product.

DSI is exhibiting at the Danish Pavilion, stand number D865 at Danfish in Aalborg, Denmark, 12-14 October 2011.

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[ TRADE AND MARKETS ]

Promotion campaigns for bivalves likely to increase demand

Consuming bivalves has numerous health benefits The health benefits of fish are widely publicised, but the healthy attributes of bivalve molluscs have not received the same attention. Consumers are not aware that consumption of bivalves has the same beneficial effects on health and well-being as fish that are high in omega-3s.

Producers may focus on days such as Valentine’s Day and Christmas Eve that are traditionally times for eating bivalve molluscs to increase marketing opportunities, but they should undertake greater efforts to attract consumers in the future. Last February the Mussel Industry Council of North America launched an aggressive marketing campaign to convince people to eat mussels more often, not just on special occasions. The Council used the slogan “Discover Mussels” to educate consumers and chefs and to allay fears about dealing with live shellfish. Chefs are an important target market, because 70% of the mussels consumed in the USA and 60% in Canada are eaten in restaurants. A similar exercise has been undertaken in Spain by the mussel farming sector. A campaign was launched last December, which will be repeated in 2011, to increase domestic consumption and the presence of the bivalves on restaurant menus.

More mussels have Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) The Mussel Regulating Council of Galicia filed a second lawsuit against a Galician company for fraudulent selling of cans of 56 Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

12_Trade and Markets.indd 56

f­oreign mussels as if they were produced in Galicia. The canning company attributed to “human error” the presence of the f­oreign mussel (Perna spp.) in cans labeled as a product of Galicia.

According to a report by the Galician Mussel Regulatory Council, the Galician mussel sector had revenues of around EUR 400 million in 2010, but the sector is still suffering from the import of mussels, especially from the canning industry in Chile. Figures from PescaGalicia show that 96.8% of marine aquaculture production in Galicia is bivalves molluscs (mussels, clams, scallops and oysters) with a harvest of 215,681 tonnes in 2010 and a value of EUR 106.6 million at first sale, but the value represents only 63.68% of total aquaculture production because of the low price of molluscs, that, last year, were sold for an average price of EUR 0.49/kg.

In the case of mussels, the average price in 2010 was EUR 0.41/kg, an increase of 3.69% compared with 2009, when mussels were trading on average at EUR 0.39/kg.

The establishment of and publicity concerned with the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) of mussels in Galicia have not yet had a positive effect on prices. And now

mussels from France will have their own PDO, “Moules de bouchot de la Baie du Mont Saint Michel” for mussels farmed in “bouchots”, as published in the Official Journal of the European Union early in July.

In the Bay of Mont Saint Michel in French Normandy, the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, accounts for 95% of production compared with 5% for the Mediterranean mussel, M. galloprovincialis.

In 2010 France imported 58 100 tonnes of mussels, mainly from the Netherlands, Spain and Chile.

In the first quarter of this year, the amount decreased from 17,400 tonnes in 2010 to 14,700 tonnes this year. The Netherlands supplies 33% of the shared market. In the case of Italy, Spain accounts for 60% of the imports by that market, but it has also registered a decline in the first three months of 2011. The total import of mussels to Italy was 10,500 tonnes, with Spanish mussels decreasing from 7,900 tonnes to 6,400 tonnes, according to national s­ tatistics.

Chilean mussels from Patagonia The Association of mussel farmers in Chile (AmiChile) recently launched a campaign to highlight the competitive advantages of the Chilean mussel (Mytilus chilensis)

and to increase exports of seafood and aquaculture products.

The focus of this campaign will be initially aimed at the Russian market, a country with more than 140 million people with steadily increasing consumption of seafood. In recent years, Chilean mussel exports to Russia increased from 547 tonnes from 2009 to 1 841 tonnes in 2010, securing 37% of the market, which shows the enormous potential for export growth in this attractive market. According to reports by Prochile, AmiChile expects to reach 50% of the Russian market in 2011, displacing its main competitors, mussels from New Zealand and China.

The initial step in this campaign has been to build a value-added brand for the sector and to create an identity for all Chilean mussels exported to international markets under the name “Patagonia Mussel”. This is the industry sector brand for mussel producers and “Seafood Chile,” is the generic brand of the seafood sector in Chile.

Namibian oysters According to a Market Study by INFOSA, Namibia is becoming internationally recognised as an attractive supplier of top quality oysters, with considerable potential www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:09 PM

for growth. The cold but nutrientrich waters of the Benguela Current off the coast of Namibia provide an ideal habitat for raising oysters.

As there are no indigenous species of oyster spat has to be imported, largely from Chile. The main species used are the European oyster (Ostrea edulis) and the Pacific oyster (Crassostreas gigas) Almost all the oysters are exported, to countries such as China and Germany, but South Africa takes most of the export volume. Production in 2010 was predicted to reach 800 tonnes, with a value of EUR2.6m (NAD26,228,084). Marketing analysts recommend focusing on a regional brand to improve the image of the sector.

Scallops fraud is still a concern Fraud is still a serious concern among members of the American seafood industry. Last November the American Scallop Association announced an “economic integrity pledge” among its members, and a system of self-policing, in an effort to step up measures to combat fraud through accurate product labeling. Mislabeling imports, such as labeling Japanese scallop imports as USA domestic production, is used fraudulently to obtain higher prices or substitute for lack of supply.

Scallops are a tempting target for fraud because they naturally absorb and retain large quantities of water and can be forced to retain excessive amounts, leading to inaccurate and illegal weights. This year prices for bigger shellfish have risen to USD 11 providing even more incentive for illegal activities. The prices are driven by a weaker dollar making American-caught scallops a bargain for European importers, and concerns in Asia about Japanese seafood as the Fukushima nuclear www.eurofishmagazine.com

12_Trade and Markets.indd 57

Rimini Fiera

[ TRADE AND MARKETS ]

Several countries have launched campaigns to inform consumers that eating bivalves offers similar benefits as consuming fish rich in omega-3s.

reactor crisis continues. Japan is the world largest scallop producer by far, producing a total of 565 600 tonnes in 2009, almost exclusively for the domestic market.

More scallops from Peru Spain ranked as the top destination for exports of Peruvian mollusc with purchases of USD 27.2 million in the first quarter of the year, followed by China, France, USA and the Republic of Korea, reported the Peruvian Association of Exporters (ADEX).

Adex indicated that between ­January and March this year shellfish sales grew by 80% to total USD 136.5 million, representing 57% of total shipments of the nontraditional fishing sub-sector in the period, which reached USD 237.8 million. The value in the first quarter of 2011 is higher than in previous years, including in 2008, when the sum was USD 57.7 million.

In Spain, Europe’s second largest scallop market after France, imports the main supplier is surprisingly Italy. In the first quarter of 2011 Italy supplied 884 tonnes, a considerable decrease from the 1 958 tonnes imported by Spain

from Italy in 2010. Peru is the major supplier to the EU with markets in both France, Spain and Italy.

New products from mollusc shells The Andalusian Aquaculture Technology Centre (Ctaqua) and Sanasur Laboratories have collaborated to find new uses for the ­by-products of aquacultured species. One of these initiatives involves grinding up the shells of the oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to use as ingredients in cosmetic products. Mollusc shells were identified as an excellent raw material for use in cosmetics, thanks to the high content of calcium carbonate and mother-of-pearl, and the shells’ exfoliating and revitalising properties. Creams using oyster shell raw material will soon be available in pharmacies, and Sanasur is working on other products including depigmentation creams, exfoliating gel and glycerine soap. It can also be used as a dietary supplement for additional calcium. This project shows how innovation and research can contribute to increasing the profitability of resources and improving environmental sustainability.

Viet Nam is not just pangasius The successful history of Viet Nam´s pangasius has allowed for the opportunity to introduce new species to EU market. According to VASEP, in the first two months of 2011, Viet Nam exported 4 250 tonnes of bivalve molluscs, worth USD 12.4 million to the EU, up 3% in volume and 3.7% in value compared to the same period in 2010. The EU is the most important importer in terms of value, accounting for 68.8% of total export, the equivalent of USD 7.5 million. Exports to EU member countries such as Spain, Portugal and Italy were high in value, representing a large proportion of the total m ­ ollusc export from Viet Nam.

Outlook With several countries actively promoting the consumption of bivalve molluscs and the establishment of Protected Designation of Origins, demand for species such as mussels, oysters and scallops should grow beyond the special occasions when they are consumed at present.

FAO GLOBEFISH

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[ AQUACULTURE ]

Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture Chapter Four: Project planning and implementation

T

he idea of building a recir­ culation fish farm is often based on very different views on what is important and what is interesting. People tend to focus on things they already know or things they find most exciting, and in the process forget about other aspects of the project.

Four major issues should be add­ ressed before launching a project: • Price and market for the fish in question • Site selection and produc­ tion technology • Work force including a com­ mitted manager • Financing the project all the way to a running business

Survey the market as a first step As discussed earlier, the very first thing to identify is whether the fish in question can be sold at acceptable prices and in suf­ ficient volumes. It is therefore important to carry out a proper market survey before any further steps are taken. It is also impor­ tant to identify what kind of pro­ duction system will be needed to make the product in ques­ tion, and also find out where to build it. A pre­project design will most often be helpful, so that the relevant authorities can be approached for permits for con­ struction, water usage, discharge

Project idea

etc. Finding skilled employees is vital, so that the management of the farm can be well taken care of.

It is of utmost importance to find an overall manager, who is fully committed to the job, wanting to succeed as much as the share­ holders do.

The requirement for financing is far too often underestimated.

The capital costs are very high when starting up a new plant from scratch, and investors seem to forget that producing fish is a long­term affair. The time from starting the construction and get­ ting the first pay­back from fish sold takes typically from one to two years. Careful preparation of budgets is therefore of vital importance.

In order to get a systematic over­ view of the whole project, a busi­ ness plan should be elaborated. It is beyond the scope of this guide to go into details on how to write a busi­ ness plan or how to conduct a mar­ ket survey for that matter. Detailed information on such subjects must be sought elsewhere. However, in the following, a draft for a business plan and examples of budgets and financial calculations are given in order to guide the reader and make him aware of the challenges when setting up a fish farming project. A good introduction for starting up a business can be seen at www. businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action

Market survey

Business plan

and samples of business plans are available at www.bplans.co.uk/ sample_business_plans.cfm (Palo Alto Software Ltd).

Update the production plan regularly It is also important to plan in detail the production of the fish, and incorporate the plan carefully into the budgets. The production plan is the basic working docu­ ment when it comes to the success or failure of the production out­ put. The production plan should be revised regularly as farmed fish most often perform better or worse in practice than planned in theory. Working out a production plan is basically a matter of calcu­ lating the growth of the fish stock, typically from one month to the next. Several software programs are available for calculating and planning the production. They are however all based on computation of interest using the growth rate in percent per day of the fish in ques­ tion. The growth rate depends on the species of fish, the size of fish and the water temperature. Dif­ ferent species of fish have differ­ ent optimal rearing temperatures depending on their natural habi­ tat, and smaller fish have higher growth rates than larger fish.

The feed intake, and the feed con­ version rate (FCR) of the feed, is of course an integrated part of

Pre project / Design

Construction

these calculations. An easy way of approaching the production plan is to obtain a feeding table for the fish in question. Such tables are available at the feed manufac­ turers, and the tables take into consideration the fish species, the size of fish, the water tempera­ ture (see Figure 4.3). Dividing the feeding rate by the FCR will give you the growth rate of the fish.

The weight gain from one day to the other can hereafter be calcu­ lated using the computation of interest expressed by: n

K = K (1+r) n

0

where “n” is the number of days, “K0” is the fish weight at day 0, and “Kn” is the fish weight at the “n”th day. A fish of 100 grams growing at 1.2% per day will in 28 days weigh: 28 days

K28days = K100 gram (1+0.012) = 100(1.012)28 = 139.7 gram

Whatever the size or numbers of fish, this equation can be used for calculating the growth of the fish stock, making a precise pro­ duction plan and incorporating when to grade and divide the fish into more tanks. Also, it should be remembered to subtract losses in the population when working out the production plan. It is advis­ able to calculate on a monthly basis, and to use a mortality factor of approximately 1% per month depending though on experience.

Production

Sales

Figure 4.1 Flow from project idea to end product 58

Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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[ AQUACULTURE ] New Series Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture

1. Executive Summary: bjective, mission and keys to O success

The Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture is the result of a collaboration between ­EUROFISH, Thomas Moth-Poulsen, FAO Fisheries Officer for Central and Eastern Europe, and Jacob Bregnballe, Akva Group, who authored the book.

The stringent environmental restrictions to minimize pollution from hatcheries and aquaculture plants in northern European countries have sparked the rapid technological development of recirculation s­ ystems.

However, recirculation also secures a higher and more stable aquaculture production with less diseases and better ways to control the parameters that influence growth. State-of-the-art of the recirculation methods use far less water than conventional flow-through farms and sophisticated filtering ­technologies are used to treat the water. Recirculation systems thereby offer two immediate advantages: cost effective­ ness and reduced environmental impact. However, running these systems calls for a­ dditional skills and training and the hope is that the Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture will provide readers with some useful insights into the workings of recirculation systems.

The Guide will be serialised over the next issues of the Eurofish Magazine. It is also available as a hard copy from the shop on the EUROFISH webite, www.eurofish.dk for EUR35.

2. Company Summary: Company ownership, partners

3. Products: Analysis of produce

4. Market Analysis Summary: ow is the segmentation in the H market? hat will be the target market?

W What does the market need?

Competitors?

5. Strategy and Implementation Summary

Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to recirculation aquaculture (EM5 2010) Chapter 2: The recirculation system step by step

Components in a recirculation system -Fish tanks

-Mechanical filtration -Biological treatment -Degassing, aeration, and stripping -Oxygenation -Utraviolet light -Ozone -PH regulation -Heat exchange -Pumps -Monitoring, control and alarms -Emergency system -Intake water Chapter 3: Fish species in recirculation Chapter 4: Project planning and implementation Chapter 5: Running a recirculation system.

Chapter 6: Waste water treatment Chapter 7: Disease

Competitive edge Sales strategy Sales forecast

6. Management Summary

Personnel plan and company organisation

7. Financial Plan Important assumptions Break-even analysis Projected profit and loss Cash flow and balance sheet

Figure 4.2 Main items of a business plan (modified from Palo Alto Software Ltd.).

A month should not be calculated as 30 full days as there will nor­ mally be days in a month where the fish are not fed due to mana­ gerial procedures, which is why 28 days is used in the example above.

To sum up on the budgets req­ uired in the business plan, these include: • Investment budget (total capital costs) • Operational expenses bud­get (starting up the business) www.eurofishmagazine.com

13_Aquaculture.indd 59

•

Cash budget (business up and running)

It is always advised to consult a pro­ fessional accountant to make thor­ ough budgets in order to account for all expenses. A well documented budget is also necessary for con­ vincing investors, getting a bank loan and for approaching funding institutions. For new EU countries there are support programmes that

Chapter 8: Case story examples

Salmon smolt production in Chile

Turbot farming in China.

Model trout farms in Denmark

Recirculation and re-stocking

Mega farms References Appendix - Checklist when implementing a recirculation system.

in some case can support up to 70% of the needed investment.

Several factors determine costs The investment budget depends strongly on the construction of the recirculation plant, which again depends on the country and local conditions in the con­ struction area. An example of

an investment budget with esti­ mated figures in percent is shown.

Purchase of land is not included.

Construction costs depend not only on local building costs, but also on fish species and farm size. Generally grand total invest­ ment cost all included will reach up to 10 EUR per kg produced for systems of 100 tonnes per year with all facilities from broodstock over weaning and fry rearing to

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[ AQUACULTURE ] Fish size g

Pellet size mm

13°C

15°C

17°C

19°C

21°C

23°C

25°C

27°C

29°C

50-100

3.0

0.60

0.89

1.04

1.19

1.39

1.44

1.34

1.19

0.99

100-200

3.0

0.50

0.80

0.99

1.09

1.19

1.24

1.14

0.99

0.80

200-800

4.5

0.45

0.70

0.85

0.94

1.04

1.04

0.94

0.85

0.70

800-1500

4.5

0.35

0.55

0.65

0.75

0.85

0.85

0.75

0.60

0.40

1500-3000

6.5

0.20

0.35

0.45

0.55

0.65

0.65

0.55

0.45

0.30

3000-5000

9.0

0.15

0.25

0.34

0.39

0.44

0.49

0.44

0.34

0.20

5000-10000

9.0

0.12

0.20

0.28

0.31

0.35

0.39

0.35

0.28

0.16

Figure 4.3 Example of recommended feeding rate for different sizes of sturgeon given in percentage of fish weight at different water temperatures. Feeding should be adapted to the production strategy and rearing conditions, likewise the choice of feed type. Feeding according to the recommended level will give the best FCR thus saving feed costs and lowering excretion. Pushing the feeding rate to a higher level will enhance growth at the expense of a higher FCR. Source: BioMar.

final grow-out. The less expen­ sive end systems will cost as little as 2.5 EUR per kg produced for systems of 1,000 tonnes designed only for grow-out and without roofing. Examples from west­ ern European countries of the establishment costs are in the area of 3 million EUR for a com­ plete 1,000 tonnes recirculation outdoor trout farming system (in 2009). The overall costs are highly dependent on whether the sys­ tem is supposed to take care of all fish stages or just the grow-out phase, and if the system is to be installed inside a building or not.

Such decisions depend on cli­ mate, fish species and biological stages among other things. There is a clear tendency that the ­hig­her

the rate of ­recirculation, the hig­ her the probability of choosing a facility installed inside a build­ ing. Regarding purchase of land, the footprint of a recirculation plant also depends on fish species and the intensity of the produc­ tion. In general, the footprint of a recirculation facility is roughly about 1,000 m2 per 100 tonnes fish (pelagic). The larger the total production the smaller the area needed per 100 tonnes produced.

The biggest cost is for feed From Figure 4.5 it is interesting to note that the consumption of energy is only 7% of the costs.

Focusing on the usage of electricity

Investment budget (capital costs)

100%

Building

36%

Equipment

26%

Concrete for water treatment

12%

Fish tanks

12%

Piping

3%

Installation

2%

Transport

2%

Heating and chilling

2%

Feed and light systems

2%

Electrical work

1%

Grading equipment

1%

Walkways

1%

i­s of course important, however, it is by no means the dominant ­­cost.

In fact this is equivalent to many traditional farms where the use of paddle wheels, return pumps, oxygen cones and other instal­ lations use quite a substantial amount of energy. The cost of feed is by far the most dominant cost, which also means that good man­ agement is the most important factor. Improving the FCR will have a significant impact on the efficiency of the production.

As in other food producing sec­ tors, the larger the production unit the lower the cost of produc­ tion per unit produced. The same applies to fish farming. However, it seems that making produc­ tion systems much larger than

2,000 tonnes per year does not give a significant reduction in direct costs. Stepping up the way from a few hundred ton­­­nes per year towards a thousand does though give significant red­­uctions in costs. The benefit of going up in farm size depends greatly on which s­ pecies is reared, and the way of extending the p­ roduction must be ­ carefully considered.

Wise pla­­ nning may save a lot work and money.

The Appendix has a c­hecklist of bio­­logical and t­ echnical issues that can affect the ­implem­entation of a recirculation system. This check-list is most suitable for identifying deta­­ ils and possible obstacles when the ­ project is about to be rea­lised.

Figure 4.4 Example of investment budget for a fully recirculation in-house system with estimated figures in percent

Figure 4.5 Example of cost distribution of a large farm for portion sized trout (2000 tonnes/year) taking in fingerlings and growing them to 300-500 grams. Total production cost per kilo live fish produced is less than 2 EUR per kg. The total investment cost for such a fully recirculation in-house system is around 4 EUR per kg production (total 8 mio. EUR).

60 Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

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[

FISH INFOnetwork news

]

News

Carson Koviro (left) and Presley Kokwaiye (third from left) busy taking notes in the field.

INFOFISH facilitates training attachment for PNG officers With the cooperation of the Fisheries Development Author­ ity of Malaysia (LKIM), INFOFISH facil­ itated a two-week training ­attachment for two o­ fficers from the N ­ ational Fisheries A ­ uthority (NFA) of Papua New Guinea (PNG) to learn about the ­organization and management of Fishermen’s Associations (FA) in Malaysia and to observe the economic activities carried out by them.

From 14-28 May 2011, the two NFA officers, Presley Kokwaiye and Carson Koviro, visited FAs in ­Penang, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang in P­ eninsular Malaysia and observed a range of economic a­ ctivities conducted by the FAs, such as fish ­marketing, sale of diesel, ­supply of ice to

fi­shing boats, cockle and fish culture, running of fish barbecue stalls, agro-tourism activities and management of fish landing c­ omplexes. They also learned about the management structure of the FAs, their economic activities, the ­relevant rules and r­ egulations ­etc.

At the end of the visit, both ­Kokwaiye and Koviro said that the attachment visit was most beneficial to them and the NFA. The ­ experience gained, they said, would be helpful to them in i­mplementing NFA’s plan to set up similar fishermen’s groups in PNG in the near future and to ­assist PNG fishermen to progress from simple artisanal to more ­commercially-oriented fishers.

Infopesca successfully promotes Chilean croaker in Japan The Chilean Croaker Project, which is funded by Fundación Chile, entered a new phase ­recently, when staff members from Infopesca started promotion activities for the fish. Roland Wiefels and Graciela Pereira visited Tokyo where they attended the Japan International Seafood and Technology Expo. At a stand attended jointly by Infopesca and Infofish www.eurofishmagazine.com

14_News FIN.indd 61

staff members, samples of whole fresh fish were displayed (the samples had arrived by air directly from Chile). A Japanese chef was hired to prepare the fish in different ways. He made s­ everal sashimi and sushi portions, which were offered to the public. ­Visitors to the stand confirmed the e­ xcellent quality and taste of the C ­ hilean croaker (Cilus gilberti). Dr Ishiro

Dr Ishiro Nomura (right), former FAO Assistant Director-General Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, is enthusiastic about sashimi prepared from Chilean croaker.

Nomura (former FAO A ­ss­ istant Director-General Fisheries and Aquaculture ­ Department) was

among the visitors to the stand, who clearly enjoyed the sashimi servings made from the fish.

Eurofish co-organises meeting to debate the future of European aquaculture As a partner in the EU-funded Aquainnova project Eurofish co-organised a meeting of stakeholders (producers, associations, research, education, government and administration representatives) in Warsaw, Poland in June to discuss the future of ­European aquaculture and the ways to ­ achieve this vision. The ­meeting set out to finalise a Strategic ­Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) that was developed based on ­vision documents prepared by over 200 experts showing where the ­European aquaculture ­sector should be in 10-20 years. The quality and safety of aquaculture ­products,

understanding consumer perceptions, and widely commun­icating information about aquaculture as a viable source of safe and healthy food production, a provider of employment, and contributor to rural development and food s­ecurity, were some of the issues that were discussed at the meeting. The Aquainnova project is concerned with the creation of an international framework ­focused on the vision for the f­uture of European ­aquaculture, and ­using best governance ­ principles, defining the research and ­innovation needed to supports its key d­ evelopment strategies.

Publications

Significant increase in value of Norwegian exports of herring and mackerel Good demand for herring and mackerel coupled with limited supplies in the case of herring have pushed up prices in general compared to last year, according

to the latest FAO GLOBEFISH Commodity Updates on herring and mackerel. However there is considerable variation from market to market. Analysing Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

61

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[ e­xport figures from the Norwegian Seafood ­Export Council FAO ­GLOBEFFISH report that prices are lower on the Russian market, the biggest for frozen Norwegian mackerel, while they have increased in China and in the EU. Demand for herring on the European market is good but supplies are tight. Norway, a major exporter, exported only 184,000 tonnes in the first six months of 2011 as

FISH INFOnetwork news

opposed to 260,000 tonnes in the first half of 2010. In terms of value Norwegian herring e­ xports were up by 17% in the first half-year of 2011. The Commodity Update ­reports are issued annually for several products including, salmon, lobster, shrimp, tuna, ­fishmeal and fish oil, as well as small pelagics. The reports are available from www.eurofish.dk for EUR20 each or EUR100 for a set.

Global fish economy set to slow down after period of rapid growth In its analysis of the global fish economy the latest edition of the Globefish Highlights says that the post recession recovery in the international fishery trade that began in 2010 persisted through the first quarter of 2011. Fishery imports to the three major markets (EU, US, Japan) increased substantially in the first quarter of 2011 compared with 2010 and

Globefish Seafood Highlights, July 2011, FAO GLOBEFISH

2009. I­mports to several other markets in Asia (China, S. Korea, Hong Kong, Thailand) as well as in Russia, Canada and ­Brazil also increased. The increases were substantial – nearly 40% in Russia, 28% in Brazil, and 24% in S. Korea. The world’s biggest fish exporters China and Thailand also recorded higher exports in 62 Eurofish Magazine 5 / 2011

14_News FIN.indd 62

the first quarter compared to the same period last year. ­Chinese exports were up 39% to USD2.8bn while Thai exports increased by 12% to USD1.68bn. However, the report cautions that growth is set to slow due to the unstable economic situation and slow ­recovery in several leading ­euro-zone countries and the US. After the downturn in 2008-2009 fish prices reached new records in March 2011. Since then while some markets have shown a fall in prices, the level in general ­remains high. The prices for ­certain species such as salmon and groundfish, however, should fall as supply improves. Global fisheries production is forecast to increase 2.7% in 2011 reflecting a forecast increase of 1.8% in capture fisheries and 4% in aquaculture. Global exports in 2011 are forecast at USD108.4bn an increase of 3.4%, while in live weight terms the forecast increase is only 0.4% to 55.4 ­million tonnes.

The quarterly Globefish Highlights are sold in combination with the monthly European Price R ­eport. They are sold as pdf files for EUR100 a year. A ­subscription can be purchased at www.eurofish.dk.

]

The Fish Infonetwork ( FIN ) The FIN consists of 7 independent partner organizations. They cover all aspects of post-harvest fisheries and aquaculture. With more than 50 governments supporting the network, which also has strong links to the private sector, the activities are truly international. The FIN pages, which are a regular feature in the four network magazines – Infofish International, Infopesca Internacional, Eurofish Magazine, and Infosamak Magazine – present the FIN-wide spectrum of activities, showing actions and results. The FIN has more than 80 full-time staff and works with more than one hundred inter national experts in all fields of fisheries. Through its link from FAO Globefish to the FAO Fisheries Department, it also has access to the latest information and knowledge on fisheries policy and management issues worldwide.

FIN executes donor projects, prepares market research for private companies, and organizes training courses on marketing and quality assurance. All seven services offer different possibilities for co-operation with the private sector, institutes, government offices and donors.

Globefish Fishery Industries Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla I 00100 Rome, Italy Tel.: (+39) 06 5705 6313/5059 Fax: (+39) 06 5705 5188 globefish@fao.org www.globefish.org Partners: Seafood Services Australia, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada; Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Denmark; European Commission (DG FISH); OFIMER, France; Norwegian Seafood Export Council; Ministero de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Spain; National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute, USA; VASEP, Viet Nam Infopesca Casilla de Correo 7086 Julio Herrea y Obes 1296 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay Tel.: (+598) 2 9028701/2 Fax: (+598) 2 9030501 infopesc@adinet.com.uy www.infopesca.org Member Countries: Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Uruguay, Venezuela Infofish Menara Olympia, Level 2 8 Jalan Raja Chulan Kuala Lumpur 50200, Malaysia Tel.: (+603) 20783466 Fax: (+603) 2078 6804 infish@po.jaring.my www.infofish.org Member Countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Maldives, Malaysia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand Infopeche Tour C -19éme étage, Cité Administrative, Abidjan 01, Cote d‘Ivoire Tel.: (+225) 228980 / 215775 Fax: (+225) 218054 infopech@africaonline.co.ci www.globefish.org/index.php?id=1113

Member Countries: Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mauritania, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo Infosa Southern African suboffice of Infopeche P.O. Box 23523, Kenya House Robert Mugabe Avenue, 4th Floor Windhoek, Namibia Tel: (+264) 61 279430 Fax: (+264) 61 279434 infosadc@mweb.com.na www.infosa.org.na Member Countries: Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe Eurofish H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44 - 46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V, Denmark Tel: (+45) 333 777 55 Fax: (+45) 333 777 56 info@eurofish.dk, www.eurofish.dk Member Countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Romania, Spain, Turkey, Infoyu Room 203, Bldg 18, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District Beijing 100026, P.R. China Tel.: (+86) 10 64195140 Fax: (+86) 10 64195141 infoyu@agri.gov.cn www.globefish.org/index.php?id=2074 Member Countries: China Infosamak 71 Boulevard Rahal Meskini B.P. 16243 Casablanca, Morocco Tel.: (+212) 22540856 Fax: (+212) 22540855 infosamak@onp.co.ma www.infosamak.org Member Countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Mauritania, Morocco, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Yemen

www.eurofishmagazine.com

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Diary D at es 1-6 October, 2011 World Seafood Congress 2011 Washington DC, USA Tel.: +1 613 726-7778 info@iafi.net www.iafi.net 4-6 October, 2011 CONXEMAR Vigo, Spain Tel.: +34 986 433 351 Fax: +34 986 221 174 conxemar@conxemar.com www.conxemar.com 10-14 October, 2011 Agroprodmash Moscow, Russia Tel.: +7 499 795 3735 Fax: +7 495 609 4168 piskareva@expocentr.ru www.agroprodmash-expo.ru 12-14 October, 2011 DanFish International Aalborg, Denmark Tel.: +45 9935 5542 ed@akkc.dk www.danfish.com 18-21 October, 2011 AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2011 Rhodes, Greece Tel.: +32-9-2334912 Fax: +32-9-2334912 mario.stael@scarlet.be www.easonline.org

13 December, 2011 Ocean Silver London, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1738 472032 info@atlanticsalmontrust.org www.atlanticsalmontrust.org

1 February, 2012 Marel Salmon Showhow Nørresundby, Denmark Tel.: +45 98921511 Fax: +45 98921101 salmonshowhow@marel.com www.marel.com/salmonshow

12-14 February, 2012 Fish International Bremen, Germany Tel.:+49 421 3505 264 wedell@messe-bremen.de www.fishinternational.com

25-28 February, 2012 Mediterranean Seafood Exhibition Rimini, Italy Tel.: +39 0541 744 225 o.foschi@riminifiera.it www.riminifiera.it

10-12 November, 2011 EXPO PESCA & ACUIPERU Lima, Peru Tel.: +511 201 7820 thais@amauta.rcp.net.pe www.thaiscorp.com 17-19 November, 2011 Busan Int. Seafood & Fisheries Expo Busan, Korea Tel.: +82 51 740 7518 Fax: +82 51 740 7360 bisfe@bisfe.co.kr www.bisfe.com

26-29 March, 2012 Alimentaria Barcelona Barcelona, Spain Tel.: +34 93 452 18 00 alimentaria-bcn@alimentaria.com www.alimentaria.com

24-24 April 2012 European Seafood Exposition Brussels, Belgium Tel.: +1 207 842 5504 food@divcom.com www.euroseafood.com 23-24 May 2012 Aquaculture UK 2012 Aviemore, Scotland, UK Tel.: +44 1862 892188 info@aquacultureuk.com www.aquacultureuk.com

7-9 June 2012 Future Fish Eurasia Izmir, Turkey Tel.: +90 212 347 10 54 Fax: +90 212 347 10 53 info@eurasiafairs.com www.eurasiafairs.com 11-13 June, 2012 AquaVision 2012 Stavanger, Norway Tel.: +47 9137 7825 post@blueplanet.no www.aquavision.org

11-13 March 2012 Boston Seafood Show Boston, USA Tel.: +1 207 842 5504 food@divcom.com www.bostonseafood.com

1-5 September 2012 AQUA 2012 Prag, Czech Republic worldaqua@aol.com www.was.org

A d d y o u r e v e n t t o w w w. E u r o f i s h M a g a z i n e . c o m

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Guest Pages

Tomasz Kulikowski, Chairman, Polish Fish Market Development Association

"Systematically educating the young about nutrition will engender an interest in fish" Extending the appeal of fish from traditional consumers, who tend to be older and wealthier to new groups such as the young, is a challenge faced by many European countries that are trying to increase the consumption of fish among their citizens. In Poland, responding to this challenge is part of the remit of the Fish Market Development Association, an organisation which is also responsible for promoting the virtues of the Polish processing sector.

As Chairman of the Fish Market Development Association can you tell us the purpose of the Association and how it achieves its goals?

Our association is trying to encourage Polish fishery companies to participate in common promotion activities in Poland and abroad, for example, joint appearances at international fairs. We want to show the world that the Polish fish industry has modern processing companies producing to the highest hygienic standards and also are very good at working with other businesses. Within Poland we would like to encourage consumers, especially young people, to buy fish and fish products. Our domestic promotion activities are based on public opinion polls and robust market analysis. Because our budget is limited, we are trying to convey our message through unusual media channels. For example, an advertisement for Polish fish products will appear in the WizzAir in-flight magazine during the European Football Championships (Euro 2012), which will take place in Poland and Ukraine.

What do you see as the main problems that the Association 64 Eurofish Magazine 5/ 2011

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must overcome in order to reach its target?

It is difficult to persuade Polish companies that a joint marketing effort can be profitable – that this money is not wasted. We have had our first successes in this area – in the years 2007-2010, at the fairs in Brussels, Bremen and Gdansk, firms that are normally fierce competitors shared a joint pavilion. Another problem is the strict Polish interpretation of EFF regulations, which prevent us from using EFF funds to take part in international fish fairs. In this case, our activity is funded by member fees and support from the domestic Fish Promotion Fund.

What would you say is characteristic of fish consumption in Poland and how does it compare with the other Baltic States?

In Poland, as in some other countries from Central Europe, consumption is overwhelmingly based on flour-based products like the classic Polish dumplings (pierogi), potatoes and red meat.

Although in Poland we have a really long tradition of eating fish (especially freshwater fish – from

Tomasz Kulikowski, Chairman, Polish Fish Market Development Association

lakes and rivers), fish consumption is still low (according to FAO data, it is about 12-13 kilograms of live weight per capita). One characteristic thing is a relatively high share of pelagic fish (herrings, sprat and mackerel) consumption.

From the period of the People’s Republic of Poland, when the Polish deep-sea fleet caught a lot of fish, comes the habit of consuming marine whitefish like Alaska pollock and hake. The tradition of eating carp over Christmas ensures that consumption of carp is stable. In the years 2004-2009 we have seen a dynamic increase

in the ­consumption of pangasius, but over the past two years this has decreased, accompanied by an increase in sales of frozen tilapia.

Polish consumers are traditional in their tastes, which is why they are more interested in canned fish, marinated herring, and frozen fish than in fresh fish, shellfish and mussels.

Getting young people to eat fish is a challenge, but as fish is a healthy form of protein it is important the younger generation eat it. How do you encourage this group to like fish? www.eurofishmagazine.com

19/09/11 7:10 PM

Seafish, UK

Guest Pages

Catch them young!

You’re right. Getting young people to consume fish is a real challenge.

Not only in Poland, but also in Germany, most of the fish consumers are elderly people. It is difficult to encourage young people to buy fresh fish because fewer people are both willing and capable to process fish in their beautiful modern kitchens. Many young people hate bones in fish, and prepared products like cans of Baltic pelagic fish are not attractive to today’s youth. But if we do not reach young consumers successfully today, we will face a crisis in fish consumption in a few years.

That is why it is important to reach this group of consumers through the media they use every day. In September we are starting a promotional campaign on Facebook.

We want to show that eating fish not only makes it easier to take care of your health and looks, but is also a great idea for parties with friends.

We want to foster the belief that eating fish is trendy and indicates high social status.

Another crucial problem connected with fish consumption is the expansion of dietary supplements, which are really substitutes for a more varied nutrition. More and more people (including pregnant women and people with cardiac diseases) prefer to take concentrates of omega-3 fatty acid than eat a cooked, fresh, naturally fatty fish.

As a result, fish campaigns based only on their health virtues are not reflected in higher sales. www.eurofishmagazine.com

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When talking about the youngest consumers – the children – e­ducating the parents is very important. They often assume that children do not like fish, which is not true. I think it is about time to start systematic nutritional education for children, giving them the necessary knowledge about the role of vegetables, fruit, fish and non-processed or minimally processed products in the diet – but this is a job for governments, as it exceeds the ­capabilities of ­non-governmental fish ­organizations.

More generally, how do you see fish consumption developing in Poland over the next five years, and what tools can be deployed to increase fish consumption?

Fish consumption in the past 10 years has increased rather insignificantly (1.2% annually on average, and in some years it has decreased). Being an optimist, I believe that it will slowly develop in the coming years following international tendencies toward healthy nutrition. The most important factor restricting potential increases in fish consumption is the high price of fish and fish products for those with relatively low salaries. I believe that generic promotion of fish consumption is important, but unfortunately it does not ­determine how much money consumers will actually spend on fish.

What are the most popular fish products in Poland? How do consumer preferences for imported species such as herring, salmon, mackerel, and pangasius compare with preferences for freshwater farmed fish?

Opinion poll research commi­ ssioned by our Association, con­ ducted in May this year, has shown that the three most valued fish in Poland are: mackerel and herring (fish widely available in regular as well as discount supermarkets) and carp (traditionally eaten on Christmas Eve, one of the key specialties of Polish cuisine). If we look at the preferences of young educated people living in big cities, we see that their interest in fish like trout, salmon and tuna is increasing. In big metropolitan areas, especially in Warsaw, sushi and sashimi are very popular. Pangasius is another phenomenon – a fish that satisfies the needs of middle-aged consumers who do not accept the bones and strong fishy taste of other fish.

As opposed to many of my colleagues from the industry, I think that there is also a place for this product on the market and poorer consumers (who cannot afford more expensive fish from the Atlantic or mariculture) should also be able to eat fish for dinner.

The proposal to reform the Common Fisheries Policy supports a better framework for aquaculture. What impact do you foresee this will have on the farmed fish industry in Poland and how do you see Polish aquaculture developing over the next 10 years? What factors do you consider conducive to the growth of aquaculture?

In Poland we do not think that the European Commission yet fully understands the specifics of extensive inland aquaculture (carp farming) and fisheries in inland waters (where the tenants of those

waters are responsible for stocking and sustainable resource management). One big problem for Polish aquaculture and inland fishery is pressure from the expanded and illogically protected population of cormorants. Intensive freshwater trout farming, which today reaches 15-17 thousand tonnes annually, has great development potential, but faces high production costs (fodder) and stringent legal restrictions (water protection norms). In addition there are other issues, such as the costly certification imposed by ecological organisations which are de facto unnecessary either for farmers or consumers. As for extensive carp farming, it will maintain its status quo in the best-case scenario in terms of production, but at the same time it will have to adapt to the market by offering more processed products, not just live fish.

I hope that along with the development of the fish market in Poland as well as HoReCa consumption, the Polish market for farm-raised fish will also develop annually and widen for species like European and North African catfish, grass carp, silver carp, barramundi, ­sturgeon and others.

How often do you eat fish yourself and what is your favourite preparation?

I eat fish very often, even 3-4 times a week. Among domestic ­species I highly value fried Baltic cod, ­flounder and turbot (my wife ­prepares the latter French style, in Dijon sauce). Among freshwater fish I like fried vendace and grilled trout. As an appetizer I adore marinated Kashubian herrings, smoked eel and carp slices (from a traditional wood-heated smokehouse) and sprat deep-fried in oil. I’ve encountered the latter in Bulgaria and I have tried it at home. When I’m abroad I cannot resist mussels prepared the Italian way or ­fettuccine with seafood.

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LIST OF ADVERTISERS Name of Company

Imprint Publisher

Managing editor Editorial offices

Page

Alimentaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

EUROFISH International Organisation H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44-46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark

AquaInnova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

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Boulogne Sur Mer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

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Eurofish globally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Tel.: +45 333 777 55 behnan.thomas@eurofish.dk Dr. Manfred Klinkhardt (mk) Redaktionsbüro Delbrück Franz-Stock-Straße 23 D-33129 Delbrück Germany

Dybvaad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 E. Gooss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Tel.: +49 5250 933416 manfred.klinkhardt@web.de Editorial board

Lahsen Ababouch, Audun Lem

Fish Promo Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inner front cover

Translation

Yvonne Bulmer

Advertising

Eckhard Preuß Marderstieg 7 D-21717 Fredenbeck Germany

Frutarom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Tel.: +49 4149 8020 Fax: +49 4149 7292 e.preuss@freenet.de

Future Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back cover

Aleksandra Petersen Eurofish Magazine H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44-46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark

InterFresh Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Kosmotechnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Tel.: +45 333 777 63 Fax: +45 333 777 56 aleksandra.petersen@eurofish.dk Frequency

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Circulation

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Marel Salmon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Unless otherwise stated, the copyright for articles in this magazine is vested in the publisher. Articles may not be reproduced without written permission from the copyright holders.

Mermaid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Advertising rates and technical data available on www.eurofishmagazine.com. A hard copy is available on request.

Peruza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

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Rimini Fiera. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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Sirena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Steen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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Szegedfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Romania

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W. van der Zwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

New auction coming to Tulcea on the Danube Delta Germany supports reform of CFP Successful Polish trials to restock the Baltic Sea with sturgeon FAO to collaborate with North Atlantic Seafood Forum is a member of the FISH INFO network

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