Budaya Bina Bandar | Experiencing Architecture Journal

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EXPERIENCING ARCHITECTURE Eunice Lim Min Yee 1001850009

TABLE OF CONTENTS task 2a

task 2b

1. Heritage building

1. Saint Mary’s Anglican Cathedral

2. Modern building

2. Kompleks Dayabumi

3. Public space

3. Tamarind Square

4. Administrative building

4. PAM Centre

Issuu link: eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

TASK Pre-trip postcards

Address: Jalan Raja, City Centre, 50050 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

How to get there:

heritage building:

SAINT MARY’S ANGLICAN CATHEDRAL

BUDAYA culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/) The culture of the cathedral stems from the spiritual needs of the community to congregate and worship in the house of God.

BINA build (/bɪld/) The spiritual beliefs and cultural values are then embedded in the architecture and construction of the cathedral - including its vaulted ceilings, overall plan form and other church elements.

BANDAR city (/ˈsɪti/) Placed in the heart of the city, the cathedral acts as not only a tourist attraction but a landmark for heritage and spirituality.

Address: Kuala Lumpur City Centre, 50050 Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

How to get there:

modern building:

KOMPLEKS DAYABUMI

BUDAYA culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/) The culture of Dayabumi is very much influenced by the national religion, Islam as well as its location in a tourist-centred arena in the heart of Kuala Lumpur City Centre.

BINA build (/bɪld/) To reinforce its role as an iconic skyscraper, the complex has been built to a staggering height and also has Islamic geometric patterns and elements embedded over its various surfaces.

BANDAR city (/ˈsɪti/) Since its completion the Dayabumi Complex has become an addition to the tourist attractions in KL city as well as a beautiful Islamic gem across the KL city skyline.

Address: Tamarind Bldg Rd, Cyberjaya, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.

How to get there:

public space:

TAMARIND SQUARE

BUDAYA culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/) The culture for Tamarind square was spurred by a need for more greenery and plantation within the working, learning and shopping spaces of the community.

BINA build (/bɪld/) This culture is then translated into the concept of ‘mall within a garden’ in which brutalist architecture and landscaping is combined to present open green spaces in which the community can work and play.

BANDAR city (/ˈsɪti/) Located in the town of Cyberjaya, Tamarind Square has evolved into an iconic ‘green jungle’ that is habitable for the activities of its human inhabitants.

Address: 99L, Jalan Tandok, Bukit Bangsar, 59100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

How to get there:

administrative space:

PAM CENTRE

BUDAYA culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/) The culture of PAM centre is established from the need to have a space for the assembly and discussion of shared corporate values within the local architectural industry.

BINA build (/bɪld/) This culture is then reflected into an exemplary piece of architecture that focuses on sustainable building and the environment while providing open and functional spaces for exhibitions and conferences.

BANDAR city (/ˈsɪti/) The centre then becomes an icon for the town of Bangsar in which architecture plays a prominent role in reflecting the quality and culture of life for its residents.

BUDAYA BINA BANDAR culture (/ˈkʌltʃər/)

build (/bɪld/)

city (/ˈsɪti/)

an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.

to form by ordering and uniting materials by gradual means into a composite whole; to construct (especially something complex) by assembling and joining parts or materials; to establish, increase, or strengthen.

A city is a large human settlement. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks.

The theme for this journal is that

CULTURE BUILDS THE CITY. Cultural and societal norms shape and mould the town and its buildings within.

TASK Sketches and digital journal

heritage building:

SAINT MARY’S ANGLICAN CATHEDRAL

Personal memories

Watercolor sketches

Site Context The cathedral is located in the Kuala Lumpur City Centre which is home to many major commercial and financial buildings in the city.

It is just next to the historic Merdeka Square and the Royal Selangor Club which features a large green field. The Sultan Abdul Samad building is also just a few steps away and the site is considered to be a popular tourist attraction.

The cathedral is located next to the River of Life. It features a mini park and beautiful walkways that exude a peaceful serenity.

Panoramic View of the city skyline and the church

Panoramic View of the church from the surrounding park

Physical Characteristics The Cathedral of St. Mary is one of the oldest Anglican churches in Malaysia and is a KL landmark. Built in 1894 by the British colonial administration, it is located towards the far north side of Dataran Merdeka and looks every inch the typical, picturesque English country church.

The church is made in a Gothic style, which is evidenced in it sexternal buttresses. The wind bracing of the roof, visible from inside of the church also reflects the early Gothic decorations and were used to stabilize the rood and gables in to ensure the rafters to stay in place during high wind.

The building consists of a nave 87 feet long by 28 feet wide, and a chancel 29 feet long by 22 feet wide with an octagonal end, together with a vestry and organ chamber. The nave can accommodate a congregation of 180 people and the chancel, a choir of 20. In 1958, the church was extended, with a Jubilee Hall constructed at its rear, and another renovation in 1968 provided the church with its double-storey annexe.

White plastered brick walls

Concrete block gating

Red terracotta roof tiles

Wrought iron fencing

Climatic Influence The architecture of the church responds to the hot and humid climate by having high ceilings for greater air flow, numerous windows, and plenty of greenery in its surrounding garden for a cooling effect.

There is also a water feature in its compound.

High ceilings

Outdoor greenery

Water feature

The Early Days The original St Mary’s Church was consecrated by the Rt Rev George Frederick Hose, the Bishop of Singapore, Labuan & Sarawak, on 13 February, 1887.

1893 In 1893, a decision was made to erect a new building to house the growing congregation and a new site was found beside the Padang or Parade Ground

Religious Influence Stained glass windows depict saints and biblical figures as well as stories of Christianity in architecture. St Mary’s cathedral follows a Latin cross floor plan, in which the cruciform shape creates a long nave.

Even the surrounding fence is studded with the cross sign.

Historical Background

1895 On February 9, 1895, the ‘first brick church erected in the native States of Malay Peninsula’ was consecrated by the same Bishop G.F. Hose

Fence pattern

Stained glass

Cruciform plan

1958 The back of the Main Church was extended to accommodate a hall called the Jubilee Hall.

1968 – 1969 On 28 April 1968, the foundation stone for a double storey annexe was laid by Rev Canon Paul G.T. Samuel.

Cultural Influence The cathedral architecture features many elements that are part and parcel of the local church cultural norms, such as the church bell, foundation stone, and custom designed organ for playing church music.

1983 On 8 September 1983, St Mary’s Church was proclaimed the Cathedral Church of St Mary the Virgin by the Bishop of West Malaysia, the Rt Rev Tan Sri J.G. Savarimuthu.

2005 – 2008 Between 2006-2007 several renovations to the buildings took place.

Foundation stone

Organ

Church bell

Design Concept

2012-2019 A sound-proofing project was carried out in 2012 to insulate the Main Cathedral from noise in Dataran Merdeka.

The cathedral was designed based on Gothic architecture, which is an architectural style that was particularly popular in Europe from the late 12th century to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages.

Current Today, St Mary’s still stands in its strategic location in the most historical and charming section of the nation’s capital.

The important single feature of Gothic architecture is the pointed arch, which is the main difference from Romanesque architecture which had rounded arches. Other important features are the ribbed vault, flying buttress, and windows with patterns of stone lace called tracery.

modern building:

KOMPLEKS DAYABUMI

Personal memories

Watercolor sketches

Site Context Dayabumi Complex is located in the Kuala Lumpur CIty Centre which houses several commercial facilities and many of the nation’s tallest skyscrapers are centred here.

The building is accessible within walking distance north of Pasar Seni LRT Station. It is located next to the post office and the River of Life. From central market, you can already see a breathtaking view of the building.

There are also bridges and walkways that connect pedestrians from the opposite side of the river to the building itself.

Panoramic View from Dayabumi into the city skyline

Panoramic View from the neighbouring Central

Physical Characteristics The Dayabumi Complex is a modern architecture with neo Islamic architectural features that mirror the fusion of the old and the new and establishing a sense of continuity with its immediate surroundings, which are the National Mosque, Bangunan Abdul Samad, and both the railway station and railway administration buildings.

The monument’s focal point is the 36-storey office tower. Gleaning in white glass mosaic, this skyscraper is a visually arresiting edifice, with its imposing stature representing a high standard of aesthetic and architectural design.

The 515ft skyscraper was built to resemble a mosque. Spread across 1,621,930sqft, the Dayabumi Complex has patterns of eight-pointed stars, high vaulted Islamic arches at the top and bottom of the tower and shiny white fretwork (interlaced carved decorative designs).

White aluminium Concrete block gating grille

Large white Concrete block gating tiles mosaic

Tinted glass Concrete block gating panels

Steel joinery Concrete block and gating connections

Small white Concrete block gating tiles mosaic

Climatic Influence

Intensive use of glass heats up the building quickly.

Heat and rain cause deterioration of material

Full glass facade leads to heavy use of air conditioning in building

In designing the Dayabumi Complex, architects and contractors preferred not to implement the traditional climatic design principles and favour the new materials as a symbol of progress and wealth.

There has been little attempt to make inventive design which appropriately responds to the climate, leading to the issue of tropical climate string effect on basic raw construction materials deterioration.

Religious Influence The most evident architectural style is Islamic architecture which is seen on the outer appearance of the building in its plan, elevation, building material, decorative elements, and several recurring forms found in the secular, public, private and spiritual construction of spaces.

Another architecture style that can be seen is the Moorish architecture, which is a variation of Islamic architecture developed by the Moors in the later Middle Ages especially in North Africa and Spain, consisting of several motifs and repetitions of patterns.

Vegetal shapes Concrete block gating into geometric

Arches and vaults

Lancet arches

Repetition of geometric design

Cultural Influence

Dayabumi complex houses government offices and a shopping center.

The smaller block solely serves the function of a security barrier into the tower

The building was purposely designed to blend in to the pervading Moorish and Byzantine atmosphere of the structures that surround it namely the Sultan Abdul Samad building. With Islam being the official religion of Malaysia since independence, there are many Islamic architecture featured buildings that resides in Kuala Lumpur.

Administration and office activities within the building.

Local and foreign tourist attraction and must-visit landmark

Design Concept

Neighbouring Concrete block gating of Moorish buildings and Byzantine styles

Kompleksblock Concrete gating Dayabumi

public space:

TAMARIND SQUARE

Personal memories

Watercolor sketches

Site Context Tamarind square is located in Cyberjaya, Malaysia’s fast moving global tech hub that is built on the pillars of smart city and living lab.

Because the area is still undergoing much development and planning, Tamarind square is surrounded by acres of unoccupied greenery, several construction sites and many residential parks.

Overall, the site is spacious and green which contributes to a cooler climate.

Panoramic View overlooking the construction sites

Panoramic View of the main entrance roads

Physical Characteristics Brutalist architecture is very much alive and kicking in Tamarind Square, Cyberjaya. Beautiful concrete formworks combined with a keen sense of art from the hanging gardens, right down to the creative signages deliver an integrated development that has so many instagrammable nooks and crannies it takes a while to just take everything in, leaving its visitors wanting to come back again and again and still find fresh angles to interpret.

The whole space is literally and figuratively a composition of green development. As a public space it exudes a pleasant and friendly environment with lots of natural light and ventilation.

Besides that, it is home to large areas of honest form concrete and unplastered bricks and blocks. Together with exposed services, the whole space is likened to a futuristic architectural utopia.

Raw concrete walls

Unplastered ventilation blocks

Glass panelled roofs

Louvred facade walls

Climatic Influence

Religious Influence

Tamarind Square is designed with a wide variety of design measure to beat the tropical climate and heat, mostly involving nature and greenery.

Rooftop gardens help to reduce heat.

Due to the nature and typology of the building as a public space for all, little to no religious influence is found in the Tamarind Square.

Surrounded by plenty of greenery and trees

Ventilation blocks act as porous wall facades

Courtyards to allow light and ventilation

Water feature for a cooling effect Various forms of louvres and openings

Apart from the provision of a surau, its architecture is completely different from that of a traditional house of God, and uses neutral and common materials and color schemes throughout its design.

Cultural Influence The traditional shop-office cultures creates many problems – chaotic carparks, dirty backlanes, messy corridor walkways, dark stairwells, damaged lifts, lack of security.

mall in a garden

The design of Tamarind Square aimed to overcome all these problems, and to bring in all the benefits of a shopping mall – convenient carparking, escalators for ease of movement, security, property management for a clean environment. At the same time, however, the goal is to break away from the air-conditioned box mall that was invented for temperate climates, particularly in America.

Design Concept "Remember the old days, when life revolved beneath the shade of the humble tree? Where time stood still, for people to meet friends, make new acquaintances, play, read, share a meal, or simply do nothing at all." Such was the design brief for Tamarind Square.

Figure of 8

The idea then was to lay the shops at Tamarind Square around two gardens, in a figure 8. The gardens will be the heart of the development, and visitors will circulate around these gardens. The gardens will act as a town or village square, a place for the community of Cyberjaya to gather.

administrative building:

PERTUBUHAN ARKITEK MALAYSIA

Personal memories

Watercolor sketches

Site Context The PAM Centre is located in Bangsar, which is a residential suburb on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur, lying about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south-west of the city centre. The aim was to make this centre a new landmark and, perhaps, a new icon in Bangsar.

The building is surrounded by the University Kuala Lumpur campus and several Press offices such as the China Press, News Straits Times and Media Prima.

There is also a huge residential area and several local businesses such as cafes in the vicinity.

Panoramic View of the building from its surroundings

Panoramic View of the buildings opposite

Physical Characteristics The PAM Centre is an eye-catching, contemporary eight-storey building.The physical appearance of the PAM Centre exudes a minimalist feel.

With its façade covered in dark aluminium screen, the 7-storey building features concrete slabs, exposed pipes and raw brick walls, bearing a resemblance to modern industrial offices in Brooklyn, New York.

Painted orange strip facade

Raw brick walls

Louvre windows

Dark aluminium Concrete block gating screen facade

Raw concrete walls

Exposed piping

Climatic Influence

Stepped atriums

Egg crate sun shading facade

Plenty of trees and greenery

Religious Influence

Openings are crafted on all sides of the building to facilitate cross ventilation. A stack ventilation effect – also the chimney effect, referring to the air movement into and out of a structure – is created using stepped atriums with wide openings. All public and circulation spaces are naturally ventilated.

Egg crate-like sun shading devices and blinds installed on the north-west facade prevent glare and reduce the amount of heat penetrating into the office spaces.

The shading cuts down 60% of the solar radiation reaching the facade glazing.

As a corporate building the PAM Centre takes a neutral and modern stance in terms of religious elements in its architectural style.

Trees planted in break out spaces also help reduce glare and shade the north-west facade. Also, the cold air trapped during the night in the building’s south-east-facing concrete wall is naturally released in the morning, helping to further cool down the building.

However, the building features a unique element of having the PAM logo etched and carved into the concrete wall of the main entrance, as a way of establishing its corporate identity in the building’s architecture.

Apart from sourcing local building materials such as brick, concrete and aluminium, the PAM Centre receives cultural influence from its own corporate culture.

Therefore, the PAM centre prepares spaces for the activities of its administrating organization such as meetings, seminars, and exhibition spaces that will be able to accomodate the professional architects as they conduct their activities.

The design approach for the PAM Centre was built on the act of crafting ‘the space between’.

Cultural Influence

Meetings/ conferences

Talks/ seminars/ presentations

Competitions/ exhibitions/ gallery

Design Concept

The architect Hasan designed the building from the inside out, creating strokes of spaces inspired by two key urban design patterns and elements: the space between buildings and connectivity.

Spaces between the obuilding interior and exterior

UCSI University Degree in Architecture Sem 5