Sealing Elements Technical Handbook O-rings
Contents Introduction .............................................................
2
1. O-ring Standards ...............................................
3
2. O-ring Sealing Principles ....................................
4
3. O-ring Applications ...........................................
7
4. Basic Elastomers ...............................................
9
5. Designing with Rubber ...................................... 22 6.
Compound Selection ......................................... 32 • Standard compounds ..................................... 35 • Vulc-O-Rings compounds ............................... 36 • Specials .......................................................... 37 • Viton® compounds ......................................... 39 • Kalrez® compounds ......................................... 47 • Encapsulated Teflex compounds ...................... 60 • Metal C- and O-rings ...................................... 69 • Data sheets .................................................... 85 • Water-Steam .................................................. 86 • Metal detectable ........................................... 86 • Food - Pharma .............................................. 87 • Vacuum ......................................................... 93 • Contact with plastics ...................................... 94 • High purity - FDA - USP .................................. 94 • Permeability .................................................... 95 • Explosive decompression ................................ 96 • Mineral oils ..................................................... 97 • Fuels .............................................................. 99 • Temperature ................................................... 100 • Abrasion ......................................................... 101 • Ozone ............................................................. 102 • Radiation ........................................................ 102 • Shielding ........................................................ 102 • Colours ........................................................... 103 • Thermal expansion ......................................... 104 • Surfaplus modification ................................... 105 • Bio-Hygienic® ............................................... 108
12. O-ring Gland Design Information .................................... 121 12.A Gland Design Static Axial .................................... 138 12.B Gland Design Static Radial .................................... 140 12.C Gland Design Dovetail Grooves ............................. 142 12.D Gland Design Boss Seals ...................................... 144 12.E Gland Design Dynamic Hydraulic ......................... 145 12.F Hydraulic Seals with Back-up Rings .................... 147 Standard Teflex O-ring Sizes 12.G Gland Design for Encapsulated Teflex O-rings ........ 151 12.H Gland Design for PTFE O-rings ............................ 154 12.I Grafics for O-ring deformations according to din 3771 Teil 5 ..................................................... 155 12.J Gland Design for Kalrez® O-rings ......................... 157 13. O-ring Assembling Conditions ....................................... 162 14. O-ring Size Chart ........................................................... 169 14.A A.S.568A Standard O-ring Sizes ........................... 170 14.B Metric Standard O-ring Sizes ................................ 179 14.C JIS-Sizes .............................................................. 198 15. Tolerances and Surface Imperfections ........................... 203 Surface Modifications 16. Vulc-O-ring and O-ring Cord ........................................... 212 17. O-ring Accessories ......................................................... 217 18. O-ring Kits ..................................................................... 218 19. Quad-Ring®/X-Ring ...................................................... 223 19.A Gland Design for Quad-Ring®/X-Ring .................... 224 19.B Standard Quad-Ring®/X-Ring Sizes ....................... 227 19.C For rotating Quad-Ring®/X-Ring applications .......... 235 20. Troubleshooting ............................................................. 236 21. Glossary ........................................................................ 239 22. On-line tools / Conversion Tables .................................... 248
7. Specifications .................................................... 111
23. A. Approvals and Acknowledgements ............................ 253 B. Applications and Markets .......................................... 254
8. Qualifications .................................................... 116
24. ERIKS’ Global Network & Technical Service .................... 255
9. Test Procedures ................................................ 117 10. Control ............................................................. 126 11. Storage ............................................................ 127 1 All the information in this documentation has been compiled with the greatest of care. Despite this we can bear no responsibility whatsoever for any errors present in the documentation. The recommendations are intended as guidelines.
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