(October) REOBroker RE Magazine

REOBROKER.COM REAL ESTATE MAGAZINE

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Shadow Inventory & Hidden REOs: What Banks Are Holding Off-Market OCTOBER 2025

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TABLE OF CONTENT • Why REOBroker?

• REOBroker Membership Form • Editor’s Note • About REOBroker • Publisher’s Note • REOBroker Media Benefit • REOBroker Map • REOBroker Services • 50 States • About Brandy Nelson • About Mike Samborn • About REOBroker • Agent Spotlight • Know the difference

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• Seasonal Shifts in Distressed Assets: How Year-End Market Cycles Shape REO Inventory and Investor Strategy • Macro Signals & REO Forecasts: What Rising Delinquencies Could Mean for 2026 • REO Title Conveyance Strategies: Deed in Lieu, Short Sales & Strategic Foreclosures • Under-Market REO Opportunities: How to Find OffMarket Leads • Creditors’ Timing Strategy: When to Convert Foreclosures into REOs • Climate Pressure & Insurance Risk: Pricing REOs in Flood / Fire / Storm Zones • REO Title Risk, Liens & Clearing Clouds: Legal Tactics • Behavioral Triggers: How Buyers Perceive REOs in 2025 • Financing REO in a High-Rate Environment: Creative Paths for Investors, Agents & Property Managers • When REO Homes Become “Next-Gen Fixer-Flip” Projects • Shadow Inventory & Hidden REOs: What Banks Are Holding Off-Market • Lender Strike Price Dynamics: How Banks Calculate ‘Walkaway Lines’ • REO Auction vs. Bank-Offered Listing: Which Path Yields More Value? Investors • Top 10 U.S. REO “Hot Zones” for 2025

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Editor’s Note REOBROKER.COM Welcome to the October edition of The Real Estate Magazine, published by REObroker.com. As we step into the final quarter of the year, the REO sector is experiencing one of its most telling transitions. The close of the year is often viewed as a period of winding down, but in distressed real estate, the last three months can set the tone for what’s ahead. Lenders accelerate timelines, buyers reassess strategies, and property managers prepare for shifts that carry well into the new year. Our goal with this issue is to provide you with clear, forward-looking insights into these shifts and help you identify where the greatest opportunities— and risks—truly lie.

This month’s feature stories begin with a critical ranking: the Top 10 REO “Hot Zones” for 2025. Across the country, certain metro areas and ZIP codes are experiencing pronounced growth in REO listings. We highlight the regions where distressed activity is rising the fastest, analyze the local factors driving these changes, and unpack what it means for investors and agents. Alongside this, we compare REO auctions and bank-offered listings, two of the most common yet misunderstood disposition methods. Which approach yields better returns? Which closes faster? And what risks should buyers weigh? You’ll find data-driven answers in these pages.

For investors debating whether to flip or hold, our coverage of REO portfolio flips versus long-term rentals examines the financial realities of each path. By grounding the discussion in 2025’s rental performance and resale data, we offer perspective on which option may align with your goals and capacity for risk. Closely related is our exploration of lender strike price dynamics, which sheds light on how servicers set the walkaway lines that determine whether a negotiation has room—or hits a wall. Knowing these thresholds can empower buyers and brokers to negotiate smarter and time offers more effectively.

But the REO world isn’t just what you see on the MLS. We also take a closer look at shadow inventory and the hidden backlog of distressed properties banks are holding off-market.

Understanding how to access these opportunities early can make all the difference in a competitive environment. On the design side, we spotlight the creative transformations happening in distressed housing. Next-gen fixer-flip projects are reshaping traditional REOs, with investors focusing on open floor plans, accessory dwelling units (ADUs), and infill redevelopment to meet modern housing demand.

Financing remains a pressing concern in a high-rate environment, and our article on creative financing solutions for REO transactions lays out practical tools for navigating the cost of capital. From bridge loans to renovation products and portfolio lenders, this feature offers alternatives that can keep deals moving even when traditional financing tightens.

At the same time, legal clarity is paramount. Our piece on REO title risks, liens, and clearing clouds walks through strategies for addressing quiet title actions, municipal liens, and tax obligations—issues that can derail transactions if not addressed upfront. Layered onto these legal and financial considerations is the growing role of climate. Climate pressure and insurance risk now weigh heavily on REO valuations in hazard-prone areas, forcing investors and managers to adjust pricing expectations and exit strategies.

We also zoom out to look at broader decision-making. In creditors’ timing strategies, we unpack how lenders decide when to convert foreclosures into REOs, and how agents can anticipate shifts in inventory supply. Similarly, our article on under-market REO opportunities provides tactical advice for finding deals before they ever reach public auctions or listing services. These strategies are complemented by our behind-the-scenes look at scaling a REO brokerage in 2025, which covers the operational, financial, and staffing realities of building a practice dedicated to distressed assets.

No October issue would be complete without acknowledging the seasonal dimension of REO activity. Our article on seasonal shifts in distressed assets explains how lenders accelerate filings and dispositions before year-end, how buyer psychology changes in fall and winter, and how professionals can align acquisitions with these cycles. Finally, we end with a forward view. In macro signals and REO forecasts, we track the indicators—rising delinquencies, household debt, and unemployment pressures—that could influence distressed supply in 2026.

Together, these articles form a roadmap for today’s REO professional. Whether you’re an investor positioning for acquisitions, a broker managing listings, or a property manager overseeing assets, this issue was designed with your work in mind. We invite you to explore each piece, take notes, and consider how these insights align with your current strategies.

At REObroker.com, our mission is simple: to provide clarity in a sector that often feels opaque. The REO market can be unpredictable, but with preparation, knowledge, and the right network, opportunities are never far away. As we close out 2025 and look ahead, we are proud to be your partner in navigating this landscape.

Thank you for reading, and thank you for being part of our growing community. May this issue give you the foresight and confidence to finish the year strong—and to enter 2026 ready to seize what’s next.

Warm regards, The Editorial Team REObroker.com

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C O N T E N T

Seasonal Shifts in Distressed Assets: How Year-End Market Cycles Shape REO Inventory and Investor Strategy As autumn settles in and the year nears its close, real estate professionals often notice subtle yet powerful changes in the distressed asset market. It isn’t just the weather or holiday distractions shaping these shifts—lenders and servicers frequently accelerate foreclosure filings and property dispositions in the final quarter to clear portfolios and meet reporting deadlines. For investors, agents, and property managers, this seasonal rhythm can mean more opportunities, different pricing behaviors, and unique challenges. Understanding these patterns is key to turning timing into a competitive edge.

This article explores how end-of-year cycles affect REO inventory levels, pricing strategies, and buyer activity. It also shares practical insights on how real estate professionals can sharpen their acquisitions, strengthen negotiations, and prepare for opportunities that may extend into the first quarter of 2026.

Quarterly Acceleration: Supply & Inventory Trends The final months of the year often bring a noticeable push in REO activity. Lenders aim to close the books with a lighter balance sheet, leading to more completed foreclosures and property listings hitting the market. Data from servicing reports in recent quarters show an overall decline in total REO counts, even as foreclosure filings edge upward. This balancing act means that while the overall market isn’t flooded with distressed properties, there can be a temporary bulge in late fall when compared to mid-summer.

Because traditional sellers often pause listings during the holiday season, distressed inventory may stand out more clearly, giving investors a more concentrated pool of options to evaluate.

Pricing & Discounting Behavior Year-end motivations don’t just affect inventory—they also influence pricing.

Lenders seeking to offload properties before January may accept lower offers, adopt more flexible terms, or offer concessions such as repair credits. For buyers and agents willing to remain active through the slower holiday season, this can create valuable negotiation leverage.

Still, lenders are careful to avoid undercutting regulatory valuations, which means they balance urgency with conservatism. For investors, this translates into opportunities that reward patience and strategic bidding rather than blanket lowball offers.

Buyer Psychology & Seasonal Activity Buyer traffic naturally slows during the final quarter, particularly as households shift focus to holidays and year-end obligations. This reduced competition often gives professional investors an edge. Instead of multiple bids driving up pricing, REO buyers may find themselves in a stronger position to negotiate favorable terms.

At the same time, some buyers are motivated to close before year-end for tax planning purposes, adding another dimension to market psychology. Whether to offset gains or position for depreciation schedules, this subset of buyers helps keep some activity flowing even as broader demand cools.

How to Time & Navigate Opportunities Prepare early: Establish relationships with servicers and monitor foreclosure pipelines well before October to get ahead of seasonal releases.

Negotiate with patience: As buyer activity thins in late November and December, sellers may be more willing to adjust terms.

Plan for delays: Holiday schedules can slow down court filings, title clearances, and closing processes. Building in extra time is essential.

Keep liquidity available: Deals initiated in Q4 may spill into early 2026, so capital reserves and flexibility matter.

Adapt locally: Since foreclosure laws and timelines vary by state, investors should align strategies with regional practices.

C O N T E N T

The close of the year is far from quiet in the distressed asset market. Instead, it is a period shaped by accelerated dispositions, shifting pricing behaviors, and reduced buyer competition—all of which create a distinct window of opportunity. By positioning ahead of these cycles, adopting disciplined negotiation tactics, and planning for both seasonal slowdowns and early-year carryovers, investors and real estate professionals can navigate this transition profitably. Success lies in seeing the seasonal rhythm not as a disruption but as an advantage.

If you’re looking to position yourself for success in the upcoming cycle of REO opportunities, the team at REObroker.com is here to guide you. Our expertise connects investors, agents, and property managers with distressed properties at the right time and under the right terms. To learn more, visit us at https://www.reobroker.com, reach out by email at info@reobroker.com, or give us a call at 760-238-0552. Let’s work together to make your year-end strategy deliver results that carry into 2026 and beyond.

Macro Signals & REO Forecasts: What Rising Delinquencies Could Mean for 2026

The past few years in real estate have often been framed around recovery from pandemic-era shocks, stimulus supports, and moratoria. Yet as we look ahead to 2026, a different narrative is emerging—one tied not to postCOVID fixes but to deeper structural shifts in the economy. A rising wave of borrower stress—rooted in unemployment trends, mounting consumer debt, and creeping credit pressures—may usher in a new wave of foreclosures and bank-owned inventory. For investors, agents, and property managers, understanding those macro signals isn’t optional; it may determine who stays ahead of the curve and who is caught flatfooted.

This article examines how key economic indicators could foreshadow a surge in distressed property supply and what that might mean for the real estate market in the coming year. We’ll explore where warning signs already show, what segments are most vulnerable, and how stakeholders might position themselves to anticipate, respond, or even capitalize on shifting market dynamics.

Macroeconomic Signals to Watch 1. Unemployment and Labor Market Weakness Even in periods of overall strength, pockets of job loss can trigger disproportionate distress in more fragile borrower groups. If sectors like retail, hospitality, or local services begin shedding jobs, those effects ripple into mortgage defaults, especially among borrowers with slim margins. A sustained uptick in unemployment may push more households into chronic late payments.

2. Rising Debt Service Burden One of the subtler but more powerful risks lies in the ratio of household debt payments to income. With interest rates elevated, new and adjustablerate debt (credit cards, auto, personal loans) squeezes disposable income.

If more income goes toward servicing debt, less is left to cover essentials— and mortgage payments suffer. When a household’s debt-to-income stress becomes acute, mortgage delinquency becomes a likely outcome.

3. Credit Card, Auto, and Personal Loan Defaults Mortgage stress rarely gets isolated—it often surfaces in related lines of credit first. Recent data show that credit card delinquencies have crept upward, which indicates broader consumer stress. When borrowers miss payments on unsecured debt, it becomes a red flag that their capacity to maintain secured mortgage commitments may be slipping.

4. Mortgage Performance Today: Early Signs Current lending data reveal early warning signals. The delinquency rate on single-family mortgages held by banks is inching upward, hovering around 1.79 % in the latest quarter. (This is low by historical standards, but the trend toward higher delinquencies is worth noting.) Meanwhile, mortgage servicers report that while some borrowers dip into short-term late payments, more loans are crossing into the 90+ days past due and foreclosure initiation brackets.

Even modest increases in 30- to 60-day delinquencies, especially in riskier loan classes like FHA or VA, may presage deeper stress. For example, delinquencies on FHA loans—typically held by more financially stressed borrowers—have caught analysts’ attention as a possible “canary in the coal mine.”

C O N T E N T

How Rising Foreclosures / REO Supply Could Unfold in 2026 Segmented Risk Zones Vulnerability will likely cluster in regions or segments where incomes are flatter, insurance and tax burdens are rising, and real estate values have limited buffer. Secondary and tertiary markets may see sharper REO supply growth relative to coastal or high-appreciation regions. Also, properties financed under looser underwriting or exotic payment structures may be first in line for distress.

Timing and Velocity Foreclosure and REO flows don’t spike overnight. First comes a rise in delinquencies (30–59 days), then serious delinquencies (90+ days), foreclosure filings, and finally bank repossessions. In many cases, the timeline from first missed payment to REO acquisition may span a year or more. As such, 2026 might represent the crest of stress that started mounting in 2024–2025.

Impact on Market Balance An influx of REO inventory typically exerts downward pressure on pricing and increases competition in the distressed-property niche. That can create opportunity for investors, but also pose challenges for equity holders and traditional sellers. Agents and property managers must adjust expectations, vet distressed assets more diligently, and monitor valuation softness in vulnerable corridors.

Strategic Takeaways for Stakeholders Investors should map exposure to at-risk geographies and cash‐flow margins, considering that REO pipelines may lengthen and competition intensify.

Agents need to refine screening protocols for distressed leads and stay alert to pre-foreclosure signals in their local markets.

Property managers should build contingency reserves, maintain close relationships with lenders or servicers, and be ready to step in as operating agents when REO transitions require stabilization.

Conclusion While 2026 may not bring a repeat of historic foreclosure waves, the emerging constellation of macro signals suggests property market participants should no longer assume minimal disruption. Rising unemployment pockets, growing debt burdens, and creeping credit stress— especially in more vulnerable borrower groups—could drive a measured increase in distressed supply. The pace may be gradual, but the impact could be meaningful for pricing, competition, and opportunity.

By staying alert to early delinquency trends, tracking which loan classes carry more risk, and preparing for incremental REO flows, investors, agents, and managers can position themselves not just to survive but to capitalize on changing market realities.

If you want to stay ahead of the curve and access deep insight into foreclosure and REO trends, reach out to REObroker.com. We’d love to help you identify opportunities, assess risk, and execute strategies aligned with where the market is heading. You can learn more on our website at https://www.reobroker.com, or simply drop us a line at info@reobroker.com.

To speak directly, call 760-238-0552 anytime—we’re here to help you navigate what’s next.

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REO TITLE CONVEYANCE STRATEGIES: DEED IN LIEU, SHORT SALES & STRATEGIC FORECLOSURES

Financial stress in real estate portfolios—or for distressed homeowners—often forces servicers, investors, and agents to make difficult strategic decisions. Among those, avoiding full foreclosure is a priority for many stakeholders. The choices of deed in lieu, short sale, or strategic foreclosure represent key conveyance strategies before an REO (real-estate owned) stage. Their proper use can minimize losses, reduce complexity, protect credit, and preserve reputational capital. For investors, agents, and property managers operating across markets, understanding these pre-REO paths and the tradeoffs is essential. This article will walk through each alternative, explain the pros and cons, and discuss how these paths affect a servicer’s decisions and an agent’s ability to list or negotiate.

Deed in Lieu: Direct Conveyance with Speed, but Restrictions Under a deed in lieu agreement, the borrower transfers title directly to the lender to satisfy a defaulted loan. Because the bank takes ownership without going through full foreclosure proceedings, it can often resolve the matter more quickly and with lower legal expense.

This is beneficial for servicers looking to limit holding costs and cut process drag.

However, deed in lieu agreements usually require that there be no additional junior liens or encumbrances. If there are multiple mortgages, tax liens, or HOA liens, the lender may reject this route or demand those liens be cleared first. Also, in many jurisdictions, the lender may still pursue a deficiency judgment unless the agreement expressly waives that right. Thus the documents must be carefully drafted to shield both parties.

From an agent’s perspective, after a deed in lieu is accepted, the property becomes bank owned (an REO) almost immediately or soon. Listing the property typically falls to the inhouse or third-party broker chosen by the servicer, limiting the original agent’s opportunity to market or negotiate.

Short Sale: Market Sale with Controlled Exit A short sale involves selling the property to a third party for less than the outstanding loan balance, with the lender’s approval. The lender agrees to accept proceeds as full or partial satisfaction of the mortgage (often forgiving the deficiency) in exchange for avoiding a foreclosure. Because the borrower controls the sale process and selects the buyer, there is more flexibility in price, marketing, and condition.

But short sales come with complexity: all lienholders must agree. Junior lienholders often resist because they may receive little or nothing. The seller must submit a full financial package, hardship affidavit, and buyer offer to the servicer for loss mitigation approval.

The timeline is longer, and there’s risk the deal falls through. In many states, deficiency judgments remain allowed unless the agreement includes a waiver clause.

For agents, short sales provide an opportunity to list and market the property actively, negotiate terms, and bring offers. When successfully approved, the listing agent may reap a commission, though the servicer may impose conditions or require discounting.

The agent must coordinate with servicer approval and adjust expectations for pricing and timing.

Strategic Foreclosure: Deliberate Delay or Selective Action Sometimes, servicers choose to move forward with foreclosure despite alternatives—a path we might call “strategic foreclosure.” This may occur when a property is severely distressed, unmarketable, or the borrower is uncooperative. In special cases, the servicer may delay foreclosure to wait for market recovery. Or they may commence foreclosure deliberately in jurisdictions where deficiency judgments are unlikely, making it more financially tolerable.

The downside: cost, time, and reputational risk. Foreclosure may remain on credit reports for years, and the process in judicial states can drag on, increasing holding, legal, and administrative costs. Agents generally cannot get involved until the property becomes REO and are limited to post-foreclosure listings. Because foreclosure severs the borrower’s control, there’s no negotiation or marketing prior to title transfer.

Tradeoffs & Servicer Considerations

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Time vs. certainty: Deed in lieu is fastest, short sale slower but potentially higher recovery, and strategic foreclosure is least predictable.

Cost: Foreclosure involves court, legal, and holding costs. Deed in lieu and short sale reduce those burdens.

Credit / deficiency risk: Only properly drafted deed in lieu or short sales can limit deficiency exposure; foreclosure may or may not allow deficiency depending on law.

Agent leverage: Short sales allow active listing by agents; deed in lieu and strategic foreclosure restrict agents until REO status.

Market conditions & property condition: In weak markets or low condition, lenders may prefer deed in lieu or foreclosure; in stronger demand zones, short sale may yield better recovery.

Deed in lieu, short sale, and strategic foreclosure represent a continuum of options for loss mitigation on distressed properties. Deed in lieu offers speed and simplicity when liens are few; short sale offers control and marketing opportunity but requires complexity and coordination; strategic foreclosure is often a fallback when other paths collapse. For servicers, investors, agents, and property managers, the choice hinges on market conditions, lien structures, legal context, and timing. The better an actor understands the tradeoffs, the better positioned they are to protect value and expedite resolution.

UNDER-MARKET REO OPPORTUNITIES: HOW TO FIND OFF-MARKET LEADS

Every seasoned investor or agent knows that the real profit in real estate often comes before a property is publicly listed. The hunt for under-market REO (real estate owned) opportunities— those that stall somewhere between lender control and public auction—can feel like searching for hidden gold. Yet, these deals can yield higher returns, fewer bidding wars, and greater room to negotiate. But how do you find them before they hit the MLS or auction block?

In regions across the country, lenders, servicers, tax collectors, and asset managers routinely handle distressed properties long before any public announcements. If you act early and intelligently, you can tap into a deal pipeline few others see. In this article, we’ll walk you through proven strategies for sourcing off-market REO leads: from leveraging servicer networks and tax default tracking to cultivating relationships with asset managers and more. By the end, you’ll have a practical roadmap to start turning hidden REO opportunities into closed deals.

Key Tactics for Discovering Under-Market REO Leads 1. Leverage Servicer & Lender Networks Lenders and loan servicers are the gatekeepers of distressed mortgage files. Building relationships with their REO or asset resolution departments gives you early access to portfolios of non-performing loans before they roll into formal foreclosure. Reach out directly, present your acquisition criteria (location, property type, condition), and offer to be on their “first call” list when they convert loans to real estate ownership. Some will share lists or offer first negotiation rights on properties destined for REO.

2. Monitor Tax Default & Delinquency Records County and municipal tax offices maintain data on properties that are delinquent or in tax default status. Setting up regular alerts or purchasing aggregated lists can help flag parcels likely to enter foreclosure or REO soon. Combine tax-lien tracking with mortgage delinquency data (where available) and cross-reference those addresses with your target neighborhoods. The earlier you spot them, the better your chances of approaching the owner (or the lender) before formal auction proceedings begin.

3. Network with Asset & Portfolio Managers Asset managers overseeing institutional portfolios (banks, mortgage REITs, servicing firms) often make internal decisions about when to liquidate nonperforming assets. Cultivate relationships by attending industry conferences, joining servicing or REO forums, and proactively pitching your ability to close quickly. If you can show credibility and a track record, these asset managers may feed you offmarket REO properties directly—even before they become public.

4. Track Probate & Estate Sales When owners pass away and their lenders foreclose, properties may be absorbed into REO before being listed. Attorneys, estate planners, and administrative agents often handle these transitions. Building rapport with probate attorneys, estate executors, or trust managers can yield early tips about houses that may be headed to REO inventory. Because these deals often involve motivation and urgency, they may be priced below market.

5. Use Predictive Data & Technology Tools

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Modern data tools can help you spot properties with high “propensity to REO” signals: ownership changes, extended vacancy, code violations, or history of mortgage default. Platforms using predictive analytics can sift large datasets to surface off-market REO possibilities before they’re formally processed. Combining these tools with manual outreach closes the gap between data signals and actual deals.

6. Cultivate Insider Referral Channels Sometimes the best leads come via word-of-mouth.

Wholesalers, contractors, property managers, and even homeowners may hear whispers of impending REO intake.

Make it known you’re actively buying under-market REO and offer referral incentives. When people know what you’re hunting, you’ll often get calls before properties hit MLS. Putting It All Together To build a sustained pipeline, layer these tactics. For example, use data tools to spot likely properties, check tax delinquency records, then cross-check with servicer or asset manager contacts. Market warm outreach (mailers, calls) to owners or servicers in those zones. Meanwhile, maintain your network and engage with insiders who may steer you directly to off-market REO inventory.

Consistency, follow-through, and reputation will turn these channels into a reliable stream of deals.

Conclusion Off-market REO opportunities present a powerful edge for investors, agents, and property managers willing to move before the competition. By partnering with servicers, tracking tax defaults, networking with asset managers, and leveraging predictive tools, you position yourself ahead of the curve. The learning curve is real—but once you build a framework, you’ll increasingly spot and secure deals that others never see.

Are you ready to access off-market REO opportunities ahead of your competitors? Let REObroker.com help you get started.

Visit our website at https://www.reobroker.com, email us at info@reobroker.com, or call 760-238-0552 to speak with our team and start building a more profitable acquisition pipeline today.

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Creditors’ Timing Strategy: When to Convert Foreclosures into REOs Foreclosure activity is rarely a straight line from default to sale. Between the initial filing and the final outcome, lenders face a crucial decision: whether to let a property move through the auction process or to take it into their own inventory as real estate owned. This timing decision not only shapes how quickly distressed properties hit the market but also influences supply levels, pricing, and the opportunities available to investors and agents.

In today’s real estate environment, timing strategies around foreclosure conversions are more important than ever. Rising interest rates, shifting buyer demand, and regional housing shortages mean creditors are paying closer attention to when — and how — they release distressed assets. For professionals who rely on spotting new inventory, understanding this process can provide an early edge. This article will explore how creditors weigh their options before foreclosure auctions, what market signals drive conversions, and how agents and investors can anticipate the next wave of opportunities.

The Decision Window: How Long Lenders Wait Once foreclosure is initiated, lenders rarely move immediately to take ownership. Instead, they operate within a decision window that allows time for auctions to play out. Statutory rules in each state dictate minimum notice periods and steps, but within those boundaries, lenders often wait to see if buyers step forward.

This window gives creditors flexibility. If competitive bidding occurs at auction, they may recover the balance owed without taking on added expenses. If the bidding is weak, they weigh whether it makes more financial sense to hold title themselves and sell later. The longer they wait, the more risk they assume in carrying costs, vandalism, or market softening. That’s why timing is carefully balanced between opportunity and risk.

Market Signals That Trigger Conversion Several factors push lenders toward converting foreclosures into REOs: Low or failed auction bids: When auctions don’t attract competitive offers, lenders often step in to secure ownership.

Shifts in comparable sales: If local prices are slipping, lenders may prefer to convert earlier rather than risk even lower auction results.

Rising carrying costs: Property taxes, legal fees, preservation, and insurance add pressure, making conversion more attractive.

High supply of similar assets: When too many distressed properties hit the market at once, lenders may pull properties into REO to better control timing of resale.

Institutional considerations: Some financial institutions need to resolve nonperforming loans quickly for accounting or regulatory purposes, leading to faster conversions.

By monitoring these signals, industry professionals can start predicting when more REOs will be released.

How Agents and Property Managers Can Spot New REO Supply For those working in the field, early awareness of inventory shifts is a competitive advantage. Here are some reliable indicators:

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Foreclosure filings and notices: Tracking lis pendens and trustee sale announcements can show where future REOs are likely to emerge.

Auction outcomes: Low clearance rates signal higher probability of lender take-back.

Local pricing trends: A cooling market typically accelerates conversions as lenders look to control sales directly.

Contractor activity: Increased property preservation or board-up work can indicate lenders are preparing assets for the REO pipeline.

MLS patterns: Sudden new listings from agents known for working with banks often point to incoming REO releases.

Agents and property managers who follow these trends not only gain first access to listings but also build credibility with clients looking for distressed opportunities.

The conversion of foreclosures into REOs is rarely random — it’s a calculated decision shaped by auctions, market conditions, and financial pressures. For investors, agents, and property managers, recognizing the cues behind these decisions means getting ahead of new inventory supply. REOs don’t arrive in a flood; they appear strategically, influenced by creditor timing. By understanding this process, professionals can anticipate opportunities and position themselves at the front of the line.

Climate Pressure & Insurance Risk: Pricing REOs in Flood / Fire / Storm Zones Imagine this: an investor walks into a courtroom-style auction to bid on a property, not fully realizing that beneath its worn façade lies a hidden liability in the form of elevated climate risk. That property, perched near a riverbank or at the edge of a wildfireprone slope, carries an insurance burden that may not show up in the visible repairs.

Climate pressure is quietly reshaping how REO (real estate owned) properties are priced, especially in flood, fire, and storm hazard zones.

Across the nation, insurance carriers are rethinking their exposure. What used to feel like remote risk is now a tangible cost— premiums soaring, coverage dropping out, and lenders growing cautious. For investors, agents, and property managers, this intensifies the challenge in assessing what an REO is truly worth. This article explores how rising insurance costs, shifting risk perceptions, and resale deterrents factor into pricing REOs in hazard zones, and offers insight to those working in this evolving landscape.

We will examine three key forces at play: how insurance dynamics respond to climate exposure, how market perception and resale risk affect demand, and how pricing models are adapting in practice.

Insurance Cost Escalation in Hazard Zones Insurance is a central factor in any property’s cost structure. In areas vulnerable to flooding, wildfire, hurricanes, or severe storms, carriers have begun to raise rates steeply or limit coverage altogether. In many regions, premiums are rising faster than inflation. Studies show that homes in high-risk zones are paying dramatically more.

In response, insurers are pulling back from riskier ZIP codes or imposing strict underwriting requirements. This creates a gap where many buyers must rely on government flood programs or accept large deductibles.

For an REO, this means that a buyer must factor in the full cost of insurance from day one. What may seem like a bargain purchase can be offset by annual premiums that erode cash flow or make the carrying cost prohibitive. In some extreme cases, a property becomes effectively “uninsurable” on the private market, forcing a buyer to question whether the deal makes sense.

Perception, Demand, and Resale Risk Beyond direct insurance costs, climate pressure skews buyer psychology and demand. Many prospective purchasers avoid homes in known hazard zones, preferring safer zones even if the upfront price is higher. This avoidance can deepen when markets and media spotlight flooding or fire losses in particular neighborhoods.

That hesitancy suppresses demand for REOs in those risk zones, pushing down the effective resale value. Even if an investor is comfortable assuming risk, the pool of comparable buyers shrinks— most of whom will discount heavily to compensate for perceived danger.

Moreover, mortgage lenders may require stricter scrutiny or additional reserve funds for properties in hazard zones. If financing becomes harder, that further narrows the buyer base. In turn, the anticipated resale discount becomes part of the investment’s internal pricing.

Bringing It Together: Pricing Adjustments & Strategies Savvy investors and brokers are now embedding “risk load” or “insurance load” into their pricing models. In practical terms, an REO in a flood zone might come with a 10–30 % discount relative to identical properties in safer zones—simply to offset the elevated cost of ownership and resale uncertainty.

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Another tactic is to adjust for policy constraints: for example, assume higher deductibles or more limited insurance coverage in the pro forma. Also, structuring contingencies or requiring that a buyer confirm insurability during due diligence is becoming standard.

Some professionals adjust their floor-price margins: instead of valuing solely on comps and rehab cost, they also calculate present value of future insurance outflows and the risk of coverage loss or rate shock.

This kind of “total cost of ownership” lens helps avoid underestimating downside risk.

One caution: regulatory environments differ by state and jurisdiction.

Some states limit how much insurers can raise rates or how aggressively they can underwrite. These local rules can moderate—or exacerbate—the impact of climate risk on pricing models.

Conclusion The intersection of climate risk and real estate is no longer speculative —it’s a live factor in REO valuation, especially in flood, fire, and storm zones. Rising insurance costs, shrinking coverage availability, buyer aversion, and resale uncertainty all collude to depress pricing for REOs in high-risk locations. For investors, agents, and property managers, success will go to those who carefully quantify these burdens, price accordingly, and structure deals to allow for future volatility.

By integrating climate-driven risk loading into your valuation approach, you mitigate surprises and protect margins. The era of ignoring hazard zones as a side note is fading—and those who adapt now will be better positioned for a shifting market.

Are you evaluating REOs in flood-prone, storm-exposed, or fire risk zones and want expert guidance on pricing and structuring deals?

Reach out to REObroker.com—visit our website at https://www.reobroker.com, send an email to info@reobroker.com, or give us a call at 760-238-0552. Let our team help you incorporate climate risk intelligently into your investment decisions and navigate the challenges ahead.

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REO Title Risk, Liens & Clearing Clouds: Legal Tactics Every investor, real estate agent, or property manager who works with REO properties knows there’s always one lurking danger: title surprises. You think you’re buying or selling a clean title, then—bam—you discover a municipal lien, unpaid back taxes, or a half-forgotten claim by an heir. In the world of REOs, those “clouds on title” are not just theoretical risks—they can derail deals, eat into profits, or drag you into litigation.

Because REOs often emerge from foreclosures, distressed estates, or tax lien sales, their chain of title tends to be more fragile than that of ordinary homes. Municipal assessments, unpaid taxes, unpaid contractors, utility liens, even ambiguous ownership transfers—all these can leave residual claims that persist after a foreclosure. To succeed in this market, professionals must anticipate these hidden traps.

In this article, I’ll walk you through the unique legal challenges tied to REO title risk— especially quiet title, municipal liens, and back taxes—and share strategies attorneys, agents, and property managers can use to reduce surprises and protect buyers and sellers alike.

The Common Threats in REO Title Municipal Liens & Special Assessments One of the trickiest sources of title trouble in REOs is unpaid municipal liens—such as unpaid water bills, code violations, sidewalk repairs, or special improvement districts. Because municipalities often have superior priority, these liens can survive a foreclosure and attach to the property even after the deed changes hands. In many jurisdictions, local law allows the city or county to enforce those liens separately, threatening your title chain.

Unpaid Taxes & Tax Liens REO properties can carry years of unpaid property taxes or special district levies. While tax liens are often extinguished by foreclosure (in whole or in part), sometimes statutes or procedural missteps leave gaps. A buyer might close escrow only to find a residual tax lien or claim that must be paid—or litigated—after the fact.

Clouded Title from Past Claims & Ambiguous Transfers

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In REO settings, title history may include probate transfers, multiple heir claims, or unrecorded conveyances. A prior owner (or heir) might later surface claiming an interest. If documents were improperly recorded—or never recorded—the chain of title is vulnerable. These ambiguous claims create “clouds on title,” which impair marketability. A quiet title action is often the tool of last resort to settle those claims and clear the title.

Quiet title actions may be brought against past owners, heirs, lienholders, or other parties who might assert an interest—forcing them to validate their claims or forever be barred.

Legal Tactics & Preventive Strategies Pre-purchase Title Scrubbing & Deep Due Diligence Before committing, invest in a robust title search—one that reaches back decades and digs into municipal records, code enforcement, and tax rolls. Use third-party title professionals or attorneys who specialize in REOs. Ask for a “full exception report” rather than just a standard title binder so you see even low-priority or subtle encumbrances.

Holdback Escrows & Clear-up Provisions Include provisions in contracts to reserve funds or escrows for clearing liens discovered late. You might structure the deal so that the seller (or foreclosure trustee) must pay off or subordinate certain claims before closing. If not cleared, the buyer can either walk or use the escrowed funds to settle critical liens.

Negotiating Releases & Subordination Agreements When liens are valid, engage lienholders early. Attorneys can negotiate releases or subordinations. Sometimes, lienholders will agree to release their claim in exchange for payment or compensation based on the eventual sale proceeds—a far cheaper outcome than litigating.

Filing Quiet Title Answers Proactively If you identify ambiguous claims or missing deeds, attorneys may file quiet title actions ahead of resale. A successful judgment “quiets” all adverse claims, preventing future surprises. Although litigation can take time (often more than the typical 30-day escrow), planning early is key; you may delay escrow or start the action before listing.

Title Insurance & Legal Reserves Secure title insurance policies (owner’s and lender’s) with exceptions tailored to REO risk. In high-risk deals, maintain legal reserves to cover unexpected payouts. A title insurer may require clearing certain clouds or lien exceptions before issuing full coverage.

Illustrative Example Imagine you acquire an REO where the prior owner never paid certain sidewalk assessment fees. The city records liens that survived foreclosure. You close escrow unaware, then the city threatens to foreclose that lien. Had your attorney demanded a municipal lien report and negotiated a release (or held back funds), the deal would have been safer. If that party refused to budge, initiating a quiet title action naming the city and any prior owners might resolve the cloud.

Alternatively, in another case a contractor filed a mechanic’s lien for work done years earlier. The REO trustee resolved it before closing through a settlement and release, avoiding post-sale surprise.

Conclusion REO properties bring great opportunity—but they also carry heightened title risks.

Municipal liens, unpaid taxes, and ambiguous ownership claims can become costly surprises. The key to successful REO investing and management lies in combining sharp due diligence, prudent contractual protections, negotiations with lienholders, and, when needed, quiet title actions. By treating title risk as a core line item rather than a fringe issue, professionals can safeguard profits, avoid litigation, and facilitate smoother transactions.

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Behavioral Triggers: How Buyers Perceive REOs in 2025 Walk into any real estate investor meetup or agent training in 2025, and you’ll hear renewed interest in REO inventory. What was once stigmatized as “bank-owned” or “foreclosure homes” is now being reconsidered, especially in light of tight inventory and shifting buyer expectations.

But perception still matters—investors, agents, and property managers are discovering that how you frame a distressed or repossessed property often determines whether a buyer sees peril or possibility.

Over the past decade, buyer attitudes have evolved: younger generations are more open to non-traditional purchase models, and older cohorts are more cautious about risk. Marketing that leans into “turnkey ready,” transparent renovation history, and opportunity framing is starting to outpace fear-based messaging. In this article, we’ll examine generational attitudes, risk aversion, the tension between stigma and opportunity framing, and how the marketing positioning of “bank-owned” is changing in 2025’s environment.

Generational Tolerance

Attitudes

&

Risk

Among home buyers in 2025, Millennials (age 35–44) and Gen X (45–59) lead the market in volume.

Boomers still hold a large share of sellers. These generations bring distinct lenses to REOs. Gen X, often with higher incomes and established credit histories, may view an REO as a chance to “buy low and improve.”

Millennials, more strapped by student debt or affordability constraints, may prefer safer, fully renovated options rather than heavy rehab deals.

Meanwhile, younger buyers—Gen Z entering the market—are more comfortable with alternative pathways (e.g. fixer-uppers, offmarket deals), but because their numbers remain small, their influence on perception is limited.

Across all groups, the appetite for risk correlates with familiarity, success stories, and transparency in past performance.

Risk Aversion & Signaling In uncertain markets—with rising interest rates and shaky macro sentiment—many buyers shrink from perceived risk. The Real Estate Market Index in mid-2025 rebounded to more cautious territory as investors and buyers wrestle with economic volatility. That means anything labeled “foreclosure,” “bank-owned,” or “as-is” can trigger mental red flags. Buyers fear unexpected repairs, title issues, or hidden debt.

To counter this, agents and marketers now use signals that reassure: third-party inspections, disclosures, clear renovation budgets, and warranties. That’s one reason “turnkey REO” is gaining traction—it signals readiness and reduced unknowns. It’s a linguistic shift meant to disarm the caution many buyers harbor.

Stigma vs. Opportunity Framing Traditionally, REOs suffered from stigma: associations with crime, deferred maintenance, or court complications. But framing can reshape the lens. Instead of “problem property,” you position it as “value asset” or “discounted equity play.” In markets where inventory is tight, buyers are acclimated to paying premiums—so messaging that underscores “instant equity upside” can appeal.

In marketing materials, you’ll see “bank-owned” replaced by “off-market resale,” “institutional-owned,” or “asset recovery property.” Features like “all major repairs completed,” or “recent HVAC, roof, plumbing work included,” reframe risk into predictability. That’s not spin—it’s informed positioning. The key is transparency: if you disclose, prospective buyers feel less ambushed.

Shifting Positioning: From “Bank-Owned” to “Turnkey Asset” In 2025, leading brokers and servicers shy away from “bank-owned home” in their headlines. Instead, they use “institutional-owned,” “asset disposition property,” or “turnkey REO.” The difference is subtle but psychologically powerful. “Turnkey” implies ease, readiness, minimal hassle. Even terms like “off-market listing” lend exclusivity.

Consider a comparison: a listing titled “Foreclosure — Needs TLC” may deter 80% of the browsing audience. A listing titled “Turnkey REO, fully renovated” can attract both flippers and owner-occupiers. Many servicers now budget for cosmetic upgrades prior to listing—this ensures that the first impression is not of a distressed shell, but a house you could move into. More listings now carry “warranty included,” “inspection-ready,” or “certificate of completion” language.

This repositioning doesn’t just attract more traffic—it helps speed sales, reduces renegotiation, and builds buyer confidence. For agents and property managers, understanding the psychological shift is key to capturing value from REO inventory.

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In 2025, REO properties no longer carry an automatic negative label—how a buyer perceives them depends on framing, transparency, and generational filters. Younger and middle cohorts are more open to non-traditional purchases, provided risk is managed and communicated. The flip side: default messaging around “foreclosure” still scares away risk-averse buyers. By shifting language, offering assurances, and promoting a sense of opportunity (not luck or danger), professionals in this space can turn behavioral triggers in their favor.

Ultimately, how you present bank-owned properties can move them from dreaded leftovers to sought-after investments. Agents, investors, and property managers who adapt will win more deals—and help reshape buyer perceptions for years to come.

If you’d like help positioning your REO listings—or want to bring a fresh perspective to your REO marketing, contact us at REObroker.com.

Visit https://www.reobroker.com for case studies and service details, or reach out via email at info@reobroker.com or phone at 760-238-0552. Our team is ready to help you transform how buyers perceive REOs and turn inventory into opportunity.

Financing REO in a High-Rate Environment: Creative Paths for Investors, Agents & Property Managers When mortgage rates hover at levels that challenge even bold deals, financing REO (bank-owned) properties demands both caution and creativity. For investors, agents, and property managers, navigating such a climate means rethinking standard loan approaches and leaning into more flexible solutions. In a market strained by rate pressure, accessing capital efficiently can make or break a deal—especially when acquisition costs, repair budgets, carrying costs, and exit plans all contend with high borrowing rates.

In this article, we’ll walk through several alternative financing tools that are especially relevant for REO transactions in today’s rate environment: bridge loans, renovation or rehab financing, and portfolio lenders.

You’ll gain insight into when each option makes sense, what trade-offs to anticipate, and how to match the strategy to your deal. Let’s explore how you can still structure winning REO acquisitions even when traditional financing seems out of reach.

Bridge Loans: Speed and Flexibility at a Premium Cost Bridge loans are short-term, fast-turn funding vehicles designed to bridge the gap between acquisition and permanent financing or resale.

In a tight-rate environment, their appeal lies in speed—many bridge lenders approve deals in days rather than weeks. For REO acquisitions where timing is critical (e.g., auctions, distressed inventory windows), that speed advantage often justifies the higher interest and fees.

Typical bridge rates for real estate investors range from 8 % to 12 % or higher, with origination fees in the 1 %–3 % range and possible exit fees. Many bridge lenders allow high leverage based on loan-to-cost (LTC) or after-repair value (ARV) models —for instance, funding up to 100 % of acquisition cost plus 80 % of rehab value. The key risk is that if your exit or refinance is delayed, carrying costs can erode profit quickly.

Bridge financing works best when you have a clear short-term exit: resale, refinance into a permanent conventional or agency loan, or turning the property into a cashcow rental quickly. It is less suited for long-term holds unless paired with a strong refinancing plan.

Renovation & Rehab Lending: Wrapping Acquisition + Fix-Up Rather than segregating acquisition and rehab financing, many investors structure financing that wraps both into one package, reducing complexity and closing costs.

Depending on the scale of work, lenders may offer: Rehab or “fix-and-flip” loans where funds are disbursed through draw schedules as renovation milestones are met.

Renovation mortgage overlays (for smaller to moderate repairs) that roll the cost into the total loan, based on the projected after-repair value.

Home equity or HELOC-style lines on existing assets, deployed to fund repair budgets across holdings.

These methods allow you to lock in hard costs and avoid multiple closings. Some renovation lenders now offer up to 90 % of the after-repair value, allowing investors to preserve capital. RenoFi The challenge is stricter underwriting—lenders will scrutinize projected returns, contractor bids, timelines, and exit plans.

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In a rising rate market, the ability to secure renovation capital along with acquisition funds reduces friction and lowers risk of a stalled project. Always pair your rehab financing with conservative cost estimates and buffer contingencies.

Portfolio Lenders & Non-Bank Financing: Flexibility Over Standards Traditional lenders often struggle with REO deals under high rates, but portfolio lenders—those that hold loans in-house rather than selling them into the secondary market—offer more customized underwriting. These lenders may relax strict credit, DTI, or seasoning rules when they see a strong deal. Because the loan stays on their books, they can tailor terms.

Another source is nonbank or private lenders who specialize in short-term or transitional real estate funding. In 2025, nonbank lenders have been active in the short-term property financing space, surpassing prior years in volume as they fill gaps where banks pull back. Private, regional, or boutique funds may offer bridge or hybrid structures, though at higher yield expectations.

Portfolio and private lenders excel when the deal is strong but doesn’t fit rigid conventional molds—say unusual property type, lot constraints, or income conversion plans. The tradeoff is somewhat higher rates, higher reserves, or more stringent covenants, but with greater deal flexibility.

Matching Strategy to Deal Type Here’s a simple decision matrix to guide your choice: | Deal Type / Goal | Best Financing Option | Key Considerations | Quick resale or flip | Bridge + rehab loan | Fast closing, high cost, tight timeline | Moderate rehab & medium-term hold | Renovation-wrapped loan | Strong rehab plan, stricter underwriting | Unusual asset, long-term hold | Portfolio or private lender | Greater flexibility, accept higher rate or reserves | Bulk or multiple REOs | Hybrid stack: bridge + long-term | Sequence loans carefully Always stress-test your model: allow for delays, interest reserve cushions, and realistic exit yield assumptions. In high-rate conditions, downside protection (stress margin, buffer capital) becomes even more critical than under benign rate climates.

Conclusion As mortgage rates remain elevated, financing REO transactions requires creativity, discipline, and selecting the right capital tool for the job. Bridge loans give speed when timing matters. Renovation financing that bundles acquisition and repair simplifies execution. Portfolio and nonbank lenders bring flexibility when conventional routes fail. The best deals arise when you pair a clear exit plan with the financing that optimizes your risk-return balance. Use these strategies wisely, stress-test your assumptions, and you can continue to transact even in a challenging rate climate.

Let these approaches guide your next REO acquisition: don’t let high rates stop you—let them sharpen your strategy.

Ready to turn your next REO opportunity into a closed deal—even in a high-rate environment? Reach out to REObroker.com for tailored insights and deal support. Visit us at https://www.reobroker.com or email info@reobroker.com to discuss creative financing strategies. Or call us at 760-238-0552 and let us help you structure a winning REO acquisition roadmap.

Most Homeowners Wish They’d Sold Sooner 79% of homeowners surveyed say they wish they’d sold sooner.

79% of homeowners surveyed regret waiting to sell.

If you’ve been holding off, take this as your sign.

Don’t let “I wish I sold sooner” become part of your story.

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When REO Homes Become “Next-Gen Fixer-Flip” Projects

Picture this: a neglected, bank-owned home sitting idle in a oncethriving neighborhood. For many, it’s a liability. But for forwardthinking investors, it’s a canvas waiting for transformation. In today’s constrained housing environment, these distressed properties are increasingly reimagined not merely as energyretrofit candidates, but as “next-gen fixer-flip” opportunities — projects that go beyond updating finishes to rethinking layout, density, and modern living demands.

Over the past several years, rising demand for functional, flexible living has pushed buyers to expect homes with open spaces, auxiliary units, and creative infill additions. At the same time, there remains a significant inventory of repossessed or bank-owned properties that need more than superficial improvements. Savvy investors are now breathing new life into these homes by reworking their core design, adding accessory dwelling units (ADUs), and densifying lots where zoning allows.

In this article, I’ll walk you through how modern investors convert distressed, bank-controlled homes into compelling, future-ready properties. We’ll explore design strategies, profit levers like ADUs and lot infill, and market factors that can make these projects more viable than standard retrofits.

Reimagining the Floor Plan: From Compartmentalized to Open & Agile One of the most powerful moves a renovator can make is to strip away dated walls and reconfigure the plan for today’s lifestyle. Many older homes have closed-off kitchens, narrow hallways, and segmented rooms. By removing non-load-bearing walls (or substituting structural supports), you can create an open concept living/dining/kitchen area that users prefer. This isn’t just aesthetics: open layouts help with light flow, perceived square footage, and a sense of spaciousness.

In addition, creating flexible “zones” instead of fixed rooms (e.g. a combined living/work area, multi-purpose guest/office space) taps into the preferences of younger buyers or remote workers. Where structural constraints prevent full openness, consider partial visual breaks — glass partitions, half walls, or ceiling treatments to delineate zones without cutting off flow.

Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs): Double Up the Value Adding an ADU onto a lot with a distressed property is among the most lucrative strategies. Many investors are turning to single-family listings and then building a small secondary unit (backyard cottage, garage conversion, separate studio) to multiply cash flow or resale appeal. In such flips, the main house gets a modern refresh, while the ADU provides extra rental income or selling appeal as a multi-unit lot. (Gatsby Investment, for example, includes ADU add-ons in typical flip planning.)

ADUs not only improve return on investment but also help with housing tightness in urban and suburban markets. Local zoning will be your key gating factor — in places where accessory units are permitted (or even encouraged), this is a value driver many agents and buyers will notice.

Infill Densification and Lot Leverage C O N T E N T

In neighborhoods where parcels are underutilized, flipping investors push zoning boundaries (where legal) to subdivide, add carriage houses, or insert additional small units. This “densification” mindset means a formerly single-building lot might support two or three rentable units, each configured with modern efficiencies.

To do this, you'll want to analyze lot size, setback rules, parking requirements, utilities, and local design standards. Sometimes the cost of adding extra units is offset by the multiple revenue streams you unlock. Be wary of permitting timelines and infrastructure capacity, but where municipal policy favors gentle densification, these flips can outperform standard single-home rehabs.

Budgeting, Financing & Risk Management Next-gen fixer-flips require planning. The acquisition must leave enough margin to cover structural rework, ADU construction, site utility work, and architectural design.

Hard-money lenders or fix-and-flip loan providers often underwrite projects based on the “after repair value” (ARV), rather than the current state of the property.

Also important: one of the industry’s current trends shows that in many markets, local flippers are delivering more renovated single-family homes than new builders.

In 2025, investors flipped nearly 30,852 homes compared to 18,973 newly built ones (in markets studied). This suggests that there is capital, appetite, and buyer demand for creative renovations that maximize value, not just energy upgrades.

Risk comes from cost overruns, permitting delays, and mis-judging buyer preferences. To mitigate, thoroughly vet structural work, consult with architects/engineers early, and analyze comparable sales of properties with ADUs or densified lots to ensure your assumptions align with market expectations.

Conclusion The era of simply patching and painting boarded-up homes is giving way to a new mindset: treat distressed properties as blank slates. Savvy investors are shifting toward reimagined interior layouts, accessory units, and lot densification strategies to transform neglected assets into tomorrow’s high-demand homes. When executed well, these next-gen fixer-flips offer higher margins, stronger buyer appeal, and more sustainable returns than classic energy-retrofit approaches.

If you're a real estate investor, agent, or manager looking to stay ahead, consider how the “flip plus” model might fit your pipeline. These projects require more planning and design input — but the upside is in creating properties that feel fresh, flexible, and built for modern living.

If you’re ready to explore how next-generation flips could elevate your portfolio, let’s connect. At REObroker.com we specialize in sourcing distressed properties and guiding investors through creative renovation strategies. Visit us at https://www.reobroker.com or reach out via email at info@reobroker.com. Prefer a direct chat? Call us at 760-238-0552 — we’d be happy to discuss deals, design ideas, or how to bring your vision to life.

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Shadow Inventory & Hidden REOs: What Banks Are Holding Off-Market In real estate, what you don’t see can be just as important as what’s listed. Behind many markets lies a hidden stockpile of properties that banks and servicers quietly hold off the public radar. These are not your typical “for sale” homes—they’re distressed assets or bank-owned properties held in reserve, waiting for the right moment to hit the market. For investors, agents, and property managers, uncovering this “shadow inventory” or hidden REO stash can mean first-mover advantage and better margins.

In today’s market, lenders sometimes delay listing distressed or repossessed homes for months or years—either to avoid depressing neighborhood values or to wait for more favorable pricing conditions. At the same time, aggressive agents and asset managers build pipelines into the internal systems of servicers and banks to access those off-market deals ahead of public exposure. In this article, we’ll explore how banks accumulate off-market distressed inventory, the factors behind their holding strategies, and concrete tactics agents and investors can use to spot these opportunities early.

What Drives Banks to Accumulate Off-Market REO / Distressed Assets Strategic Timing Over Immediate Sale Banks and mortgage servicers often hold back properties for strategic reasons. If they were to dump a large volume of distressed homes all at once, they risk weakening market prices in a neighborhood. By spacing their releases, banks aim to preserve asset value.

Shadow inventory may represent homes already foreclosed or reclaimed—but not yet listed.¹ Moreover, market conditions often dictate timing. If prices are depressed, a lender may delay listing until a recovery phase arrives. Meanwhile, carrying costs (maintenance, taxes, security) may be acceptable compared to selling low.² Operational Delays and Clean-Up Before releasing a property, banks need time to clear title issues, evict occupants, address liens, or do minimal repairs. Some assets may sit dormant while back-office checks are completed or court actions conclude.³ These delays push many REO homes deeper into the “hidden” inventory before they ever reach listing databases.

Portfolio Management and Bulk Dispositions Sometimes banks bundle properties in bulk portfolios—selling several distressed assets to institutional investors or REO buyers directly, rather than listing each individually. These off-market bulk deals may never be visible to the general public, further hiding inventory from ordinary agents.⁴ How Agents, Investors, and Property Managers Gain Early Access Build Relationships with REO / Asset Management Departments One of the most effective pathways is cultivating direct lines into REO or loss-mitigation departments of regional and local banks, credit unions, or mortgage servicers. Those internal teams often vet offers or maintain pre-qualified buyer lists before display.

Becoming a trusted, dependable partner gets you into those inner circles.

Monitor Foreclosure Pipeline and Public Records Even before a property becomes REO, it may show up via notices of default, lis pendens filings, or trustee sale announcements. Tracking those leads allows you to position offers before the bank even takes possession. In many markets, such pre-foreclosure files are a richer source of deals than waiting for MLS listings.

Network with NPL and Distressed Asset Buyers Smaller investors, hedge funds, or distressed-asset firms often buy portfolios from banks before listing. By aligning with these players or tracking asset pool sales, you gain access to deals that never hit standard channels. Also, some banks outsource sale functions to third-party asset managers—establishing contacts with those managers can open offmarket windows.

Offer Speed, Certainty, and Simplicity Banks and servicers prefer offers with minimal contingencies, clean financing, proof of funds, and clear timelines. If you can structure proposals that reduce friction, your chances of winning early approval over more speculative bids increase.

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Conclusion Shadow inventory and hidden REO holdings represent a significant—but often overlooked —opportunity in the real estate market. Lenders accumulate distressed properties offmarket for strategic and operational reasons, giving insiders the chance to access favorable deals before the public ever sees them. For agents, investors, and property managers willing to build relationships, monitor foreclosure pipelines, and offer clean, compelling proposals, that hidden stockpile can be a door to above-market returns.

Now that you understand the forces behind off-market inventory and how to engage with it, you’re in a position to act. Develop your network, hone your offer strategy, and prepare to move swiftly when a hidden gem surfaces.

Lender Strike Price Dynamics: How Banks Calculate ‘Walkaway Lines’

Lender Strike Price Dynamics: How Banks Calculate ‘Walkaway Lines’ Imagine trying to buy a property owned by a lender that has already taken over—yet you’re locked in a subtle negotiation over how low they’ll go before cutting off offers. For investors, agents, and property managers, understanding how banks establish their “walk-away lines” can be the difference between scoring a deal or being shut out. These thresholds represent the lowest price at which a lender or servicer is willing to sell or accept a debt settlement.

Behind those lines is a series of internal pricing rules, cushion zones, seasonal allowances, and reserve calculations that often remain opaque to outsiders. In effect, servicers must balance risk exposure, accounting rules, market cycles, and pressure from negotiators. In this article, you’ll get a behind-the-curtain look at how servicers set reserve or discount thresholds, how skilled negotiators can push below cushion zones, and how seasonal or cyclical patterns influence how aggressive banks become.

By the end, you’ll be better equipped to engage these processes with insight and sharpened strategies in your own markets.

How Servicers Set Reserve Prices At the core of a bank’s walkaway line is a reserve price, sometimes called a “cushion,” which is essentially the minimum value a servicer calculates to protect against losses. To build that price, servicers consider:

Outstanding debt, including principal, interest, fees, taxes, and costs of upkeep or legal action Carrying costs, meaning taxes, insurance, maintenance, and holding costs until the property is sold Market comparables and discounted value adjustments (to account for the fact that these sales are forced or distressed) Loss severity estimates, i.e. what discount they expect relative to full market value Internal risk buffers—a margin mortality they won’t cross This reserve becomes the lower bound on offers they’ll accept under most ordinary conditions.

If a buyer or negotiator submits an offer above that cushion, the servicer may accept or negotiate upward. But crossing that threshold usually means moving into a zone where losses, regulatory risk, or accounting issues weigh heavily.

Negotiation: Pushing Below the Cushion Zone Can you ever get a lender to agree below their internal cushion? Sometimes—and smart negotiators know how. A few tactics include:

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1.Presenting compelling property condition reports—if the property has damage, code violations, or deferred maintenance, these may justify lowering value.

2.Showing cost-repair estimates and bids to support a true “as-is” price.

3.Demonstrating proof of funds or fast closing ability, lowering the lender’s sale risk and holding cost.

4.Incremental offers—begin above cushion, then gradually push with concessions.

5.Market disruption leverage—if comparable sales drop sharply, the lender may be more willing to concede.

Even then, many servicers refuse to go below their internal walkaway line unless forced by oversight, time pressure, or regulatory incentives.

Seasonal Cycles & Discount Thresholds Lenders don’t operate in a vacuum—they are subject to seasonal and cyclical pressures that influence how wide their discounting becomes. For example:

Fiscal year-end: Servicers may feel pressure to clear inventory before annual reporting, so they may lower thresholds in Q4.

Market cycles: In rising markets, they tend to be conservative. In down cycles, they may widen their discounting range to move inventory.

Tax season or foreclosure backlog timing: In certain months, administrative load or backlog forces them to lean more heavily on faster closures and deeper discounts.

Holiday or slow lending periods: When transaction volume dips, servicers may loosen thresholds to stimulate offers.

Thus, timing your offer in a season of pressure or liquidity stress may increase your chances.

Illustrative Example Consider a property with an unpaid balance (plus fees and carrying costs) totaling $200,000. The servicer sets a reserve (cushion) at $160,000 based on expected repairs, holding costs, and loss buffers. If a buyer offers $165,000, that often falls within the negotiation sweet spot. If they offer $157,000—below cushion—the servicer will likely reject unless the property has serious condition concerns or the market is deteriorating sharply. But at year-end, or in a soft neighborhood where comparables slide, the servicer might accept $155,000 because the downside cost of continuing to hold is worse.

Understanding how lenders derive their walkaway lines, the role of reserve cushions, and the levers negotiators can use gives investors, agents, and property managers a stronger seat at the table. Remember: servicers build in buffers to resist steep discounts, but those buffers are flexible—not absolute—in times of pressure or shifting markets. Smart timing, transparent data, and strategic offers can tilt the balance in your favor.

If you’d like deeper insight, bespoke deal-level consulting, or access to off-market opportunities where walkaway line pressures are greatest, REObroker.com is ready

to

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info@reobroker.com, or call 760-238-0552. Let us help you unlock value in distressed inventory with clarity and confidence.

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REO BROKER

REO AUCTION VS. BANK-OFFERED LISTING: WHICH PATH YIELDS MORE VALUE?

In the realm of real estate investment, acquiring properties through foreclosure auctions or bank-offered listings (REOs) presents distinct opportunities and challenges.

Understanding the nuances between these two avenues is crucial for investors, agents, and property managers aiming to maximize returns while mitigating risks. This article compares the outcomes of REO dispositions via auctions versus direct listings, focusing on net proceeds, transaction speed, and buyer risks, supported by recent transactional data and case studies.

Net Proceeds: Auction vs. Bank-Offered Listing Foreclosure auctions often attract competitive bidding, potentially driving up the sale price. However, properties sold at auction may not fetch higher net proceeds due to associated costs and risks. For instance, properties purchased at auction may require significant repairs, which can erode potential profits. Additionally, auction sales may involve higher transaction fees and limited buyer financing options, impacting the overall return on investment.

In contrast, bank-offered listings typically involve more transparent pricing and may allow for negotiations, potentially leading to better net proceeds for sellers. Lenders often aim to recover their losses efficiently and may be willing to accept reasonable offers to expedite the sale process. This approach can result in a more predictable financial outcome for both buyers and sellers.

Transaction Speed: Auctions vs. Bank-Offered Listings The speed of transactions can vary significantly between auctions and bank-offered listings. Auction sales are generally quicker, with properties sold to the highest bidder on the spot. This rapid process can be advantageous for investors seeking to acquire properties swiftly.

However, the expedited nature of auctions comes with trade-offs. Buyers may have limited time for due diligence, such as property inspections and title searches, increasing the risk of unforeseen issues post-purchase. Moreover, auction sales often require immediate or short-term financing, which can be challenging for some buyers.

Bank-offered listings, on the other hand, typically provide a more extended timeline for completing transactions. This extended period allows for comprehensive inspections, financing arrangements, and negotiations, leading to a more informed and secure purchase process.

Buyer Risks: Assessing the Hazards Both auction and bank-offered listing methods involve inherent risks for buyers. At auctions, buyers often purchase properties "as-is," with limited opportunities for inspections. This lack of due diligence can result in unforeseen repair costs and legal complications. Additionally, auction properties may be occupied, requiring eviction processes that can be time-consuming and costly.

Bank-offered listings, while offering more transparency and time for due diligence, are not without risks. Properties may still be sold "as-is," and buyers may encounter issues such as title defects or liens. However, the ability to conduct thorough inspections and legal reviews can mitigate these risks, providing a safer investment avenue.

Case Studies and Transactional Data

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Recent data indicates that properties sold through bank-offered listings often yield higher net proceeds compared to those sold at auction. For example, a study by the Urban Institute found that only 20 to 30 percent of REO properties are sold via online auction, with most of the remainder sold on the multiple listing service (MLS). The overwhelming majority of these properties needed substantial renovations, and the properties sold at a fraction of the automated valuation model (AVM) estimates. This suggests that while auctions can provide quick sales, they may not always result in the highest financial returns. Urban Institute Conclusion Choosing between acquiring properties through foreclosure auctions or bank-offered listings involves weighing various factors, including net proceeds, transaction speed, and buyer risks. While auctions offer rapid sales, they come with increased risks and potential for lower returns. Bank-offered listings provide more time for due diligence and often result in higher net proceeds, offering a more secure investment path. Investors, agents, and property managers should carefully consider these elements to align their acquisition strategies with their financial goals and risk tolerance.

Top 10 U.S. REO “Hot Zones” for 2025

Every seasoned real estate investor, agent, or property manager knows this truth: opportunities often concentrate where distressed inventory surges. In 2025, that trend is reshaping local markets in striking ways, as a fresh wave of REO (bank‑owned) listings emerges across certain metro clusters. For stakeholders who can act early, these “hot zones” offer powerful entry points—but only if you understand the drivers, pricing patterns, and lender behavior behind them.

Over the past year, national foreclosure and repossession activity have climbed significantly, putting upward pressure on REO inventory in certain states and metros. What’s less obvious is where the growth is most intense—and why. In this article, we present a curated ranking of ten metro or ZIP clusters showing the fastest REO inventory surges in 2025. We’ll examine demand, price dynamics, and lender patterns in each, and highlight what makes each zone strategically compelling for investors and real­estate professionals.

1. Chicago, IL Metro & Adjacent ZIP Clusters Chicago remains a leading REO hotspot in raw volume. In Q1 2025, it led all large metros in foreclosure starts. Meanwhile, pockets of low-tomid‑income ZIP codes on the city’s South and West sides are seeing banks increasingly repossess distressed homes. Demand is solid from local buyers or small-scale investors in multiunit and single-family product. Price appreciation has flattened in those submarkets, so REO pricing is more aggressive—lenders are more willing to negotiate or bundle listings to move inventory.

2. Lakeland, FL & Polk County Clusters Lakeland has posted one of the highest foreclosure rates in mid‑2025 among midsize markets. The broader Polk County region—including often-overlooked ZIP clusters—is seeing REO inventory swell as affordability gaps squeeze homeowners. The state’s property tax structure and frequent second mortgages also contribute to default risk. Lenders in the region have begun to offload REOs locally, rather than send them to national servicers, making it easier for local investors to access deals.

3. Columbia, SC & ZIP Cluster Corridors Columbia regularly ranks among the worst metro foreclosure rates across metros of its size. The ZIP clusters in its outskirt suburbs—zones with older housing stock—are absorbing the brunt of REO listings. Inventory is swelling at a time when demand is still fragile, pushing listing-to-sale timelines upward and giving investors time to move. Lenders here tend to remarket in bulk to mitigate carrying costs.

4. Las Vegas, NV / Clark County Corridors Las Vegas continues to appear among top metros in foreclosure rates for large markets. Many of the REO surges originate in outer ZIP code rings where spec homebuilders overbuilt in prior years. As demand cooled, defaults increased, and lenders are now pushing excess inventory into bank‑owned channels. Price discounts are significant relative to prior market peaks.

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5. Houston, TX & Surrounding ZIP Zones Houston has consistently appeared near the top in foreclosure starts for large metros. Peripheral ZIP clusters—especially in the Houston “outer belt” counties —are seeing REO influxes from failing homeowner equity, weather risk, and rising insurance costs. Local lenders are responding by accelerating REO turnover and leaning toward quick, lean rehab models.

6. New York City / Outer Borough ZIPs In Q1 2025, New York was second among large metros in foreclosure starts.

Some outer borough ZIP zones (particularly in parts of Bronx, Queens, Staten Island) are beginning to show REO accumulation. Price floors are stiff, but lenders are applying more liberal bulk disposition strategies—selling to local syndicates rather than national auctions.

7. Dallas–Fort Worth Region, Exurban ZIP Clusters While not yet at the top of foreclosure rankings, several exurban clusters around DFW are experiencing rising distressed inventory. These zones combine mid-tier housing and stretched borrower affordability. Lenders with exposure in Texas are redirecting REO flows toward these zones, anticipating local operators will absorb inventory more easily than distant servicers.

8. Cleveland, OH / Rust Belt ZIP Zones Cleveland has been among the top metros in foreclosure rates, especially in the first half of 2025. ZIP clusters in lower-income neighborhoods are seeing disproportionate REO surges. Land values are modest, so REO pricing is aggressive. Local investor interest in small, cash-flowing rentals makes these zones attractive for flipping or holding.

9. Ocala, FL / Marion County Clusters Ocala and its county ZIP clusters show up consistently among highest foreclosure rates in various reports. Many REO listings originate from rural borrowers or smaller lenders who are less equipped to manage long holding periods. Investors can often negotiate early, directly with servicers, before listings hit broad markets.

10. Riverside / Inland Empire, CA Outer ZIP Bands In July 2025, Riverside made the list of large metros with high foreclosure rate. Outer ZIP bands in the Inland Empire are absorbing REO overflow from high-cost coastal zones. The price spread between coastal and inland regions gives REO buyers margin. Lenders in Southern California are aggressively stacking REOs for institutional buyers and investor syndicates.

Cross‑Zone Patterns & Lender Behavior Across all ten zones, a few consistent themes emerge: Demand tailwinds: local investors, small landlords, and cash buyers drive absorption in REO zones even when broader demand is soft.

Price compression: listing discounts often exceed 10–20 percent from peak resale levels, especially in weaker sub ZIPs. Lender tactics: to avoid carrying costs, servicers increasingly prefer off-market bulk sales to local buyers; shorter hold times and minimal rehab are more common.

Zoning arbitrage: many REO clusters fall in jurisdictions with looser zoning or lower property tax burdens, improving yield feasibility.

Conclusion For investors, agents, and property managers, these ten REO hot zones in 2025 represent the clearest, near‑term frontiers for distressed real estate opportunity.

From Chicago’s volume-rich clusters to Florida’s sharp defaults and California’s outbound overflow, each zone tells a story of local stress, lender reactions, and buyer demand. The key to capitalizing is not just knowing where inventory is rising— but understanding how it’s being distributed, the pricing patterns at play, and how local buyers absorb it.

As REO listings expand in these markets, success will reward those who move swiftly, maintain local connections with servicers and asset managers, and stay sharply tuned to micro‑market shifts.

Did you know? A record 40% of U.S. homeowners now own their homes free and clear. That’s the highest share ever recorded.

And that’s an important stat if you’re considering downsizing.

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Think about it. If you’ve been in your house for a long time, you may be able to sell and buy your next home in cash.

You could get a smaller, less expensive home that better fits your lifestyle today with lower bills, less upkeep, and no new mortgage in retirement.

Want to find out if this could be a possibility for you too? Contact me

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SPOTLIGHT

Nancy Braun Owner + Broker in Charge Showcase Realty, LLC

1430 S Mint Street, Ste 106, Charlotte, NC 28203 704-997-3794 nancy@showcaserealty.net showcaserealty.net

Agent Bio With over 30 years of experience, Nancy has built a powerhouse brokerage ranked in the RealTrends Top 1% of America’s Best Real Estate Agents, as featured in The Wall Street Journal.

A trailblazer, award-winning leader, and fierce client advocate, Nancy is celebrated for her unmatched negotiating skills, dedication to community, and her bold service guarantee: “Your home sold in 60 days, or we’ll pay you $2,500.”

She is more than a broker—she’s a visionary, a philanthropist, and one of Charlotte’s Most Influential Women, as recognized by the Mecklenburg Times. Nancy’s story is one of excellence, resilience, and leadership in REO and beyond.

AGENT

SPOTLIGHT

Stephanie See NADP Membership Chair 2025, Board Member 2017-2024 REOMAC Foundation Past President 2020-2021

801 West Bay Drive #309 Largo, Florida 33770 727-596-8181

727-580-6275 ssee@resultsreo.com www.ResultsREO.com

Agent Bio Stephanie D. See is the President and Co-Owner of Results Real Estate, Inc., a boutique brokerage in Largo, Florida. With over 20 years of experience and a broker’s license since 2013, she and her husband, John B. See, have closed more than 5,000 transactions across the Tampa Bay area.

Stephanie is known for her integrity, attention to detail, and expertise in residential and REO markets.

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A dedicated industry leader, Stephanie has served on the Board of Directors for the National Association of Default Professionals (NADP) for eight years. She is committed to raising professional standards through education, mentorship, and collaboration. Under her leadership, Results Real Estate continues to deliver client-focused service in a wide range of market conditions.

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SPOTLIGHT

Robyn Moody

Realtor / Transaction Coordinator Salt Lake REO & Lurch Group w/Realty HQ

801-859-2539 801-566-8288 Robyn@LurchGroup.com Robyn@SaltLakeREO.com

Agent Bio

With over 19 years as a licensed Realtor® and a lifetime of experience in property valuation and REO operations, Robyn Moody is one of Utah's most accomplished real estate professionals in the foreclosure and default services space. She began her career in 1998 working for a national Broker Price Opinion (BPO) outsourcing company, where she assigned property valuations, quality-checked reports, and developed critical relationships with agents and lenders across the U.S. Her path into sales began when she joined a top-performing local REO agent who recognized her eye for valuation detail, commitment to accuracy, and exceptional organizational skills. After several years of managing and selling REO assets as a licensed assistant, Robyn earned the opportunity to acquire and lead the business herself—rebranding and growing it into what is now Salt Lake REO.

AGENT

SPOTLIGHT

Fran Altman Broker Coldwell Banker Realty

2580 W St Germain St, St. Cloud, MN 56301

320-260-2233 ColdwellBanker.com

Agent Bio Fran Altman is an Associate Broker with Coldwell Banker Realty, proudly serving the St. Cloud, Minnesota area and surrounding communities. A true Minnesotan through and through, Fran was born and raised in central Minnesota and loves helping others find their place here.

She graduated from Apollo High School in St. Cloud before earning her Bachelor of Arts in C O N T E N T

Organizational Management with a minor in Communications from Concordia College in St. Paul.

AGENT

SPOTLIGHT

Lisa Lopez Broker/Owner Home Alliance Realty

142 E. Bay Ave Manahawkin, NJ 08050 609-978-9009 609-384-5109 lglopez@homealliancerealty.com www.HomeAllianceRealty.com www.LisaGLopezProperties.com

Agent Bio Lisa brings over 30 years of experience to the table, with more than 2,000 transactions closed. She holds an MBA with a concentration in marketing, is a graduate of the Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses Program, and is a consistent top producer with multiple Million Dollar and Platinum Sales Club awards.

Her firm specializes in residential sales, REO management, investment properties, and property management—serving communities across New Jersey with integrity and expertise.

AGENT

SPOTLIGHT

Tom Lazzaro Broker/Owner Performance Plus Realty

6116 Gunslinger Dr Colorado Springs 80923 719-641-3544

tom@tomlazzaro.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/tomlazzaro/

Agent Bio Full-time professional Realtor for over 25 years. Proud member and former Master Broker of the NRBA (National REO Brokers Association). Also Member of ROBroker.com. Special focus on business development, REO/foreclosures.

Sold bank-owned properties for over 20 years and have taught our unique local foreclosure process to others for longer than that. I am one of two top REO brokers in my region, based on volume and reputation. I am happy to provide as many current references as needed.

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AGENT

SPOTLIGHT

Joseph Doher

Broker/Owner Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices Results Realty

2590 S BUMBY AVE. ORLANDO FL 32806

(407) 203-0007 joe@joedoher.com https://joedoher.com/

Agent Bio With 18+ years of REO experience, 7,500+ closed assets, and a CFK Success Rate of 97%, Joe Doher puts mortgage servicers and investors at ease knowing they have someone who is reliable, proactive, and will effectively manage every step of the process to ensure the maximum net recapture.

Joe Doher – Broker-Owner Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices Results Realty Orlando, Florida As someone who has lived and breathed real estate since childhood, it’s safe to say that it’s in my DNA. Growing up with a successful Canadian real estate broker like my father, I absorbed the industry’s nuances early on. In 1993, at the age of twenty-two, I officially entered the real estate business, and I’ve been fully immersed in the Orlando, Florida, real estate market ever since.

AGENT

SPOTLIGHT 585 N Juniper Dr Suite 100, Office A | Chandler, AZ 85226

Justin Potier Broker Vylla Homes

25 Enterprise #303 | Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 3900 N. Causeway Blvd., Metairie, LA 70002 (AZ): (480) 482-3723 (CA): (562) 480-9884 (LA): (504) 321-1511

Justin.Potier@Vylla.com https://www.vyllahome.com/

Agent Bio Dynamic and results-driven Real Estate Broker with extensive experience as an Area Vice President at Vylla Home, spearheading growth and delivering on the company's mission. Adept at empowering agents and transforming the real estate process. Specializing in institutional asset sales, risk mitigation, talent acquisition/retention, and marketing, with a strong background in leadership and growth-oriented roles within both for-profit and non-profit corporations.

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