2025-26 Course Catalog and Registration Guide

C ourse Catalog Episcopal High School | 2025-26

Table of Contents Portrait of an Episcopal Graduate........................................................................4 The Academic Program........................................................................................5 Graduation Requirements (as of March 2025)....................................................6 Suggested Schedule of Courses............................................................................7 Course Registration Guidelines...........................................................................9 Course Offerings 2025-26.................................................................................12 Four-Year Plan..................................................................................................12 2025-26 Class Schedule.....................................................................................13 Arts...................................................................................................................16 English...............................................................................................................24 Modern and Classical Languages.......................................................................37 Mathematics and Computer Science.................................................................49 Science...............................................................................................................57 Social Studies.....................................................................................................63 Theology............................................................................................................74 Health and Wellness..........................................................................................77 Global Online Academy.....................................................................................78 2

COURSE CATALOG Episcopal High School | 2024-25

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Portrait of an Episcopal Graduate An Episcopal High School Graduate:

Commits to ambitious goals Acts with honor and integrity

Listens and communicates effectively

Investigates with curiosity and an open mind

Stands up for what is right

Expresses opinions with conviction and care

Seizes opportunities to learn

Collaborates with empathy and respect

Embraces challenge with confidence

Expands knowledge by making connections

Moral Courage

Courageous Action

Intellectual Courage

Leads and serves with humility and kindness

Works hard and responsibly

Questions critically

Uses resources and technology wisely

Solves problems creatively

Seeks balance and brings joy

Values diverse perspectives

Expresses appreciation and gratitude Admits mistakes and learns from failure

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Adapts with resilience

The Academic Program Grounded in Episcopal’s mission to prepare students with intellectual and moral courage, the academic program is committed to providing foundational knowledge and skills in the liberal arts and sciences while also fostering individual intellectual curiosity, pursuit, and discovery. With the student-teacher relationship at the heart of learning, our students are challenged to think critically, comprehensively, creatively, and courageously in all areas of their education –– an education that uniquely incorporates the nation’s capital into the daily learning, expanding our students’ perspectives and connecting their knowledge to the world beyond The Holy Hill. Fully understanding the relevance of their learning, both in the classroom and out, EHS students graduate with the qualities that empower them to live a lifetime of learning, one in which they serve and lead as citizens of an increasingly interconnected world.

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Graduation Requirements (as of March 2025) To graduate, students must earn a minimum of twenty-three credits in four years and meet the following department requirements.

English (4 credits) Four credits are required in English, and students must be enrolled in English every year at EHS. Advanced English electives are offered for grades 11 and 12. Students must take at least one elective that satisfies the writing requirement and one that satisfies the American literature requirement.

Modern & Classical Language (2 or 3 credits) Students are required to study the same modern or classical language for three years and successfully complete at least the second level in that language. The final credit in that language must be earned at EHS. Students who complete this requirement in their junior year are strongly urged to take the next level of that language.

Mathematics and Computer Science (3 credits) A minimum of three credits and successful completion of any Precalculus course is required in mathematics. A junior is required to take a full year of math and EHS strongly encourages students to take mathematics every semester.

Science (2 credits) Students are required to earn two credits in laboratory science, the last of which must be earned at EHS. Many colleges prefer students to have more science credits.

We recommend that students be aware of these preferences while making course selections.

Social Studies (2 credits) Modern World History and United States History or American Studies (or their Honors or Advanced equivalents) are required.

The Arts (1 credit for entering 9th graders), (½ credit for entering 10th and 11th graders) The Arts Department has a one-credit requirement for all students entering in the ninth grade. Entering tenth and eleventh graders must earn one-half credit. All ninth graders must take a semester or year-long art class.

Theology (1 credit for entering 9th and 10th graders), (½ credit for entering 11th graders) Entering 9th and 10th graders must take Biblical Theology (½ credit) during their 10th-grade year. During 12th grade, seniors select a semester elective (½ credit) offered by the theology department to complete the full credit required. Rising 10th graders who intend on taking 4 full years of Choir, Instrumental Ensemble, or Dance may opt to take Biblical Theology the first semester of 12th grade. These students’ senior theology requirement would be waived.

Physical Education (2 credits/6 seasons for entering 9th graders), (5 seasons for entering 10th), (4 seasons for entering 11th) One-third credit is granted for a successful season of participation in a school-sponsored athletic offering. Each year there are three athletic seasons (fall, winter, and spring). Most 9th graders are expected to participate in athletics all three seasons, although exceptions are made to participate in non-athletic options.

Health Entering 9th and 10th graders must take Health during the 10th grade. It is a half-year, non-credit course which meets twice a week.

Beginning with the Class of 2026, all students will be required to complete five approved service activities each year they are enrolled at Episcopal High School.

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Suggested Schedule of Courses Standard

S1

S2

12th Grade

S1

S2

English Electives or American Studies

x

x

English Electives

x

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Mod. World History

x

x

U.S. History or American Studies

x

x

Soc. Stud. or other elective

S1 and/or 2

Chemistry

x

x

Biology

x

x

Science or other elective

S1 and/or 2

Biblical Theology

S1 or 2

Elective(s)

S1 or 2

Req’d Theology Elective

S1 or 2

Health (Pass/Fail)

S1 or 2

S1

S2

10th Grade

S1

Fund. in Lit/Comp

x

x

Genre Studies

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

21st Century Civics and Comp. Global Studies

x

x

Physics

x

x

Art Elective

S1 or 2

9th Grade

5 courses both semesters 6 courses including art one semester or both semesters

S2 11th Grade

Optional Elective(s) 5 or 6 courses both semesters Art, Music, Dance as possible 6th or 7th*

5 courses both semesters + Health one semester + Bib Theo one semester

S1

5 or 6 courses both semesters Art, Music, Dance as possible 6th or 7th*

Four Years of Choir, Instrumental Ensemble, or Dance*

Students must be enrolled in five core academic courses at all times. Choir, orchestra, and art electives are taken as a sixth or seventh course. Students may not take seven courses without permission from the Assistant Head for Academics. Health is a non-credit 10th grade requirement and is not considered an academic course.

S1

S2

12th Grade

S1

S2

English Electives or American Studies

x

x

English Electives

x

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Chemistry

x

x

Biology

x

x

Science or other elective

x

x

x

Modern World History

x

x

x

x

Soc. Stud. or other elective

x

x

x

Choir, Inst. Ensemble, or Dance

x

x

U.S. History or American Studies Choir, Inst. Ensemble, or Dance

x

x

Choir, Inst. Ensemble, or Dance

x

x

Health (Pass/Fail)

S1 or 2

S1

S2

10th Grade

S1

Fund. in Lit/Comp

x

x

Genre Studies

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

x

x

Modern/Classical Lang.

Physics

x

x

21st Century Civics and Comp. Global Studies

x

Choir, Inst. Ensemble, or Dance

x

9th Grade

6 courses both semesters

6 courses both semesters + Health one semester

S2 11th Grade

Req’d Senior Bib Theo.

6 courses both semesters 7th course with permission

S1

6 courses both semesters 7th course with permission

*10th graders who intend on taking 4 full years of choir, instrumental ensemble, or dance may opt to take Bib Theo first semester of 12th grade. These students' senior theology elective requirement would be waived.

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Two Languages*

Suggested Schedule of Courses (cont.)

S1

S2

12th Grade

S1

S2

English Electives or American Studies

x

x

“Fall English Elective/spring Narratives of the Holocaust

x

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang. -a

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang. -a

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang. -b

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang -b

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang -b

x

x

Modern World History

x

x

U.S. History or American Studies

x

x

Elective(s)

x

x

Chemistry

x

x

Biology

x

x

Art Elective

S1 or 2

Health (Pass/Fail)

S1 or 2

Req’d Senior Bib Theo.

S1

9th Grade

S1

S2

10th Grade

S1 S2 11th Grade

Fund. in Lit/Comp

x

x

Genre Studies

x

x

Mathematics

x

x

Mathematics

x

Mod./Classical Lang. -a

x

x

Mod./Classical Lang. -a

21st Century Civics and Comp. Global Studies

x

x

Physics

x

x

Art Elective

S1 or 2

5 courses one semester 6 courses incl. art one semester

6 courses + health one semester 6 courses one semester

6 courses both semesters Art, Music, Dance as possible 7th*

*A Social Studies course is required for 9th grade students unless they are taking two languages above level one.

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5 or 6 courses one semester Art, Music, Dance, as possible 6th or 7th

Course Registration Guidelines In April each year, students will go through the course registration process to request courses for the following academic year. For 9th and 10th grade students, though there is some variation based on placement, course requests generally follow the standard plans outlined below. As students move into the 11th and 12th grade years, they have more freedom to request elective courses and follow academic plans that are individualized according to a student’s interest and goals. The guidelines for course selection are outlined below, and we encourage students to work closely with their advisor to determine the most appropriate personalized path through our extensive academic offerings.

Ninth Grade

All ninth graders take five core academic courses plus an Art in one or two semesters. Ninth graders may not take seven classes. Please read the guidelines below: English All ninth graders take Fundamentals in Literature and Composition. Students who have completed ninth grade at another school and are concerned about NCAA eligibility may take our tenth grade English class, Genre Studies.

Mathematics Because course content varies from school to school, every new student must take the math placement test. The department head will review math placement tests together with transcripts, teacher recommendations, and standardized test scores, if available. Possible placements include Algebra 1, Geometry (Hon), Algebra 2/Trig (Hon), Precalculus (Hon).

Modern & Classical Language Students choose from available language offerings. Because course content varies from school to school, every new student must take the language placement test. The department head will review placement tests together with transcripts and teacher recommendations to determine a student’s level.

Science The progression of laboratory sciences at EHS is Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, followed by advanced or elective courses. Ninth grade students enrolled in Algebra 1 will take Conceptual Physics. All other ninth graders will take Physics.

Social Studies All ninth graders take 21st Century Civics in the fall and Comparative Global Studies in the spring, unless they have already completed a similar high school course.

Arts Ninth grade students are required to take at least one semester of Art their freshman year, but we recommend they an Art class both semesters.

Please see the course catalog for a full list of Arts Courses.

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Course Registration Guidelines (cont.)

Tenth Grade

All tenth grade students must be enrolled in five core courses, along with Health & Wellness and Biblical Theology, both of which must be taken at EHS. Students who have taken Health or Theology at their previous school may request an exemption from the Assistant Head for Academics. Students must provide a course description that provides detail about the topics covered in the previous class.

• Tenth graders taking four full years of Choir, Instrumental Ensemble, or Dance (or three full years for incoming tenth graders) may opt to take Biblical Theology in the first semester of 12th grade. These students’ Theology elective requirement is waived.

• Student may choose to take an Art course as a seventh class, with approval from advisors and the Assistant Head for Academics

Eleventh Grade

• Eleventh graders must be enrolled in at least five core courses in English, Math, Science, Modern and Classical Languages, and Social Studies.

• Eleventh graders may choose to take an elective as a sixth course or seventh course.

• Students who wish to take four or more Advanced or Honors courses or seven classes in either semester must have permission from their advisor and the Assistant Head for Academics.

• Students taking seven classes must be enrolled in at least one Art or Performing Art. • When requesting courses, students should be aware that they may not change their exam schedules during exam week.

Twelfth Grade

• Seniors must be enrolled in at least five core academic courses.

• Seniors must enroll in a Theology elective in the fall or spring semester.

• Seniors who will have taken Choir, Instrumental Ensemble, or Dance for four years are required to enroll in Senior Biblical Theology in the fall semester.

• Seniors who will have taken two languages for three years or who are enrolled in six full year courses may take Adv English Seminar: Narratives of the Holocaust as dual credit in English and Theology. This option is rare, and it only applies to the Theology elective, not Senior Biblical Theology.

• Students who wish to take four or more Advanced or Honors courses or seven classes in either semesters must have permission from their advisor and the Assistant Head for Academics.

• Students taking seven classes must be enrolled in at least one Art or Performing Art. • Seniors may not drop a yearlong course after they have completed the first semester.

• Once transcripts have been sent to colleges, seniors may not make a second semester schedule change that decreases the rigor of their schedule.

• When requesting courses, students should be aware that they may not change their exam schedules during exam week.

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A Note About Honors and Advanced Courses

Our honors and advanced courses are designed to develop high-level critical thinking, comprehensive analytical skills, and clear and creative communication of conceptual understanding. These courses expect students to have appropriate baseline knowledge and skills upon entering, and, during the course, students will be asked to approach the material with an increased measure of independence and engagement. Students in honors or advanced courses can also expect an increased rigor and workload–approximately three hours of out-of-class work per week, along with the possibility of summer reading or other work. Advanced courses that prepare students for an AP exam indicate that preparation in the course description. Nearly all honors and advanced courses require departmental recommendation or historical performance. When choosing a possible course list, students should consider–with the input of advisors and teachers–the balance between overall course rigor, possible performance, non-academic commitments, and social and emotional well-being.

A Note About Course Changes

Course changes and schedule changes inevitably occur as the Registrar creates the master course schedule in June. If there is an unresolvable conflict between two courses for an individual student, the Registrar will contact the student to discuss possible options.

Should a student wish to change courses once the school or semester has begun, they are able to do so during the ADD/DROP period in the first three weeks of the semester. Students may work with teachers, advisors, and the Assistant Head for Academics to change the level of a course until the end of the first marking period.

A Note About Summer Courses

Students wishing to earn credit through Global Online Academy summer courses may do so with approval from the EHS/GOA site director and the Asst.

Head for Academics. GOA summer courses are the only outside course credits and grades that will appear on an EHS transcript. There are no exceptions to this policy. With approval from the math department and Asst. Head for Academics, students may take an outside math course for general credit, but the course and the grade will not be listed on the EHS transcript.

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Course Offerings 2025-26 For a comprehensive list of Course Offerings, click here, or scan the QR code

Four-Year Plan

For a fillable four-year plan, click here, or scan the QR code

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2025-26 Class Schedule With our schedule for the 2025-26 school year, every class meets three times each week, and the mid-day flex block creates unique learning opportunities for classes to incorporate the resources of Washington, D.C. The office hours and advisor meetings throughout the week allow for students and teachers to interact outside of class time for extra help or an important conversation. And the all-school Chapels, community gatherings, and seated meals foster the sense of community and the close relationships that are at the core of the Episcopal experience.

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C o u r s e C ata lo g 2025-26 Return to the Table of Contents 15

Arts The Arts Department provides students with a comprehensive education that inspires creativity, develops skills, and fosters a lifelong appreciation for the arts. Our diverse courses in instrumental and choral music, theater, dance, visual and digital arts, and audio engineering allow students to explore and develop their artistic talents across multiple mediums and disciplines. When selecting an art course, it is recommended that students choose a class that genuinely interests them, even if they have no prior experience. Since students arrive with varying levels of art experience, beginning with a first-level course and progressing through the class levels is ideal. We highly encourage ninth graders to take an Art course in both semesters.

Graduation Requirement: The Arts Department has a one-credit requirement for all students entering the ninth grade. Entering tenth and eleventh graders must earn onehalf credit. All ninth graders must take a semester or year-long arts class.

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Concert Choir (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Concert Choir is a mixed chorus open to students from all grade levels and focuses daily on developing skills in listening and singing as part of an ensemble. Students work to develop healthy vocal techniques and express text and musical ideas clearly and effectively in several languages by exploring choral repertoire from various periods, styles, and genres. Singers perform throughout the year as part of chapel services, concerts, other school functions, and occasional off-campus events. The Concert Choir often collaborates with the Honors Chamber Choir for performances throughout the year. Students develop confidence as musicians while enjoying a unique experience of camaraderie and shared musical enjoyment.

Honors Chamber Choir (1.0 credit, full year) Audition and department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Honors Chamber Choir is an advanced choral ensemble designed to provide students with a comprehensive study of choral music and its applications, as well as to develop advanced choral singing skills. Students in the Honors Chamber Choir will work in conjunction with the Concert Choir to perform a wide range of musical styles, including classical, gospel, world, pop, and beyond. Emphasis will be placed on developing a high level of technical skill and musicianship, as well as expressive interpretation and performance. Honors Chamber Choir often collaborates with the Concert Choir for performances throughout the year.

Instrumental Ensemble: Strings: Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This string ensemble class is designed for aspiring musicians passionate about playing stringed instruments, whether you’re a beginner or have some experience. Alongside regular group classes, you’ll have the opportunity to receive weekly private lessons from an adjunct faculty member. Throughout the course, you’ll explore various genres of string music, expand your knowledge of music theory and history as it relates to string instruments, develop your improvisation skills, enhance your analytical listening abilities, and refine your string technique. Financial aid is available, as there is an additional fee for the private lessons.

Instrumental Ensemble: Winds, Woodwinds, and Brass (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This wind ensemble class is designed for aspiring musicians who are passionate about playing wind instruments, whether you’re a beginner or have some experience. Alongside

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Arts (cont.) regular group classes, you’ll have the opportunity to receive weekly private lessons from an adjunct faculty member. Throughout the course, you’ll explore various genres of wind music, expand your knowledge of music theory and history as it relates to wind instruments, develop your improvisation skills, enhance your analytical listening abilities, and refine your wind technique. Financial aid is available, as there is an additional fee for the private lessons.

Instrumental Ensemble: Percussion (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

The percussion ensemble class is designed for aspiring musicians passionate about playing percussion instruments, whether you’re a beginner or have some experience. Alongside regular group classes, you’ll have the opportunity to receive weekly private lessons from an adjunct faculty member. Throughout the course, you’ll explore various genres of percussion music, expand your knowledge of music theory and history as it relates to percussion instruments, develop your improvisation skills, enhance your analytical listening abilities, and refine your percussion technique. Financial aid is available, as there is an additional fee for the private lessons.

Honors Instrumental Ensemble: Strings, Winds, or Percussion (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This option is an advanced instrumental ensemble designed for aspiring musicians passionate about playing instruments. This course is available to musicians who have achieved and demonstrated certain proficiencies in their respective instrumental areas. Emphasis will be placed on developing a high level of technical skill and musicianship, as well as expressive interpretation and performance. This course is taken by department permission.

Guitar 1 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed for novice guitarists and students with some guitar experience but no formal training. The curriculum covers guitar study in relation to music history, note reading, basic theory, and instruction in guitar playing and techniques. The students will have the opportunity to observe and listen to skilled guitarists in diverse settings. Although students may bring their own instruments, guitars are provided in class. Additionally, students should be prepared to participate in public performances as a group during the semester.

Guitar 2 (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisite: Guitar 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This class builds upon the foundational skills learned in level 1. Students will explore more advanced playing techniques and concepts such as chord progressions, improvisation, and soloing. The curriculum also covers more in-depth music theory as it relates to the guitar. The class provides ample opportunities for students to perform publicly, individually, and as a group. While students are encouraged to bring their own guitars, class guitars are also available.

Audio Engineering 1 (0.5 credit, fall only) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This class focuses on digital music production utilizing MIDI, virtual instruments, loops, sound effects, and basic microphone skills. Students will learn fundamental music theory and the physics of sound while gaining proficiency in a Digital Audio Workstation, equipping them with the skills for high-quality audio production. The class features a blended assessment approach, including traditional and project-based assessments. No prior musical experience is required,

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but a passion for music is highly recommended.

Audio Engineering 2 (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisite: Audio Engineering 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course builds upon the foundational concepts covered in Audio Engineering 1 and delves deeper into the role of Mixing Engineers. Students will explore various mixing techniques such as balancing, panning, equalization, compression, and reverb. Students will gain practical experience in sound analysis, manipulation, correction, and creative utilization of mixing resources through project-based assignments. By applying the skills and techniques learned in the introductory course, students will further enhance their abilities and tailor them to their individual musical interests.

Honors Audio Engineering (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Audio Engineering 2 and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

Honors Audio Engineering is intended to build upon the foundational concepts covered in Audio Engineering 1 and 2. This course emphasizes the responsibilities of Recording Engineers and delves into the intricacies of microphones, microphone placement, studio recording methods, and the logistics of recording sessions. Students will learn how to produce high-quality recordings and implement advanced post-production techniques through project-based assignments.

Advanced Audio Engineering (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Honors Audio Engineering and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

In this capstone course, students can leverage their prior class experiences to undertake individual projects, enabling them to develop an EP from inception to completion. Professional musicians are available to students, allowing them to create original compositions or covers.

Survey of Dance (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is intended as a dance sampler. Students are exposed to various dance styles such as ballet, jazz, modern, hip-hop, and different movement theories appropriate for students in the performing arts.

Acting 1 (0.5 credit, fall only) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Acting 1 is a semester-long course that will take students through the foundations of the art of acting. Students will explore essential techniques and concepts related to the voice, character, movement and physical theater, improvisation, and script analysis. The course will provide students with theatrical opportunities, including scene work, monologues, stage combat, mime, and pantomime.

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Arts (cont.)

Acting 2 (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisite: Acting 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Acting 2 builds upon foundational acting skills taught in Acting 1. Acting 2 is a semester-long course that aims to deepen students’ understanding of acting techniques, expand their repertoire of performance styles, and further develop their artistic voice and expression. Students will explore advanced acting concepts and refine their craft as actors. This course will challenge students to push their boundaries, take risks, and cultivate authenticity and emotional depth in their performances.

Ceramics 1 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course introduces students to the basic principles of working with clay and glaze. Experiences include hand building with coils and slabs, wheel-throwing, clay sculpting, glazing, kiln loading, and kiln firing. Students are introduced to the workings of a ceramics studio with an emphasis on gaining independence as young artists through project work and active participation in all aspects of the life of the ceramics studio. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Ceramics 2 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Ceramics 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course continues a student’s development of the principles and techniques introduced in Ceramics 1. Students investigate design aspects of wheel-thrown pottery and create hand-built sculptural work.

Ceramics 2 emphasizes attention to craftsmanship and encourages the exploration of glaze application.

Emphasis will be placed on students gaining mastery of their studio practice in all stages of project work. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Advanced Ceramics (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Ceramics 1 and 2 and department Approval 10th, 11th, 12th

The course addresses a broad interpretation of sculptural issues in depth and space. These may include mass, volume, form, plane, light, and texture. Such elements and concepts can be articulated through additive, subtractive, and/or fabrication processes. Various representation, abstraction, and expression approaches may be part of the student’s portfolio. Students will do some artwork outside of class hours.

Coursework is supplemented with visits to area museums and galleries. This course prepares students for the AP exam.

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Advanced Ceramics: Portfolio (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Advanced Ceramics and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is for serious ceramics students who desire to work beyond the advanced placement level. Elements of ceramics introduced in the previous three levels will be pursued. With an emphasis on independently explored subject matter, students are free to create work that interests them.

Drawing 1 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

“Drawing from life,” whereby you take the view of an object, place, or person and transfer that vision of the real onto a two-dimensional work, is a challenging task. This course first helps students “see” their world and then train their hands to work from that critical observation. The students will work through ideas of line and value using various media, including pen and ink, pencil, charcoal, and chalk. During this one-semester course, specific areas of study are the human figure, still life, landscape, and perspective. Students also study master artists’ works. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Drawing 2 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Drawing 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Drawing 2 builds upon the fundamentals learned in Drawing 1 and focuses on refining technical skills, exploring different mediums, and developing a personal style. Students will learn composition, line quality, value, and how to use light and shadow to create depth and form. Additionally, they will study art history and contemporary practices to gain a deeper understanding of drawing as a medium for self-expression and communication. By the end of the course, students will have a portfolio of finished works and a strong foundation in the principles of art. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Advanced Drawing (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisites: Drawing 1 and 2, and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course addresses a very broad interpretation of two-dimensional design issues. This type of design involves purposeful decision-making about how to use the elements and principles of art in an integrative way. Artists use the elements of design (line, shape, illusion of motion, pattern, texture, value, and color) to express themselves. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries. This course prepares students for the AP exam.

Advanced Drawing: Portfolio (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Advanced Drawing and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is for serious drawing students who desire to work beyond the advanced placement level. Elements of drawing introduced in the previous three levels will be pursued. With an emphasis on independently explored subject matter, students are free to create work that interests them.

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Arts (cont.)

Painting 1 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed to teach students about color and composition using the painting medium. During this one-semester course, students will learn about color concepts and relationships through formal study and color-mixing exercises that resolve into finished works. Painting from life, students will tackle a variety of subjects including, but not limited to, still-life, portraiture, landscape, and abstraction. Art history components are incorporated into class assignments. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Painting 2 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Painting 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Painting 2 builds upon the fundamental skills of color and composition learned in Level 1. It aims to develop students’ proficiency in advanced color-mixing techniques and design principles, specifically line, shape, and texture. Through various painting genres such as portraiture, landscape, and abstraction, students will experiment with new materials and techniques to push their creative boundaries. The course includes an art history component to contextualize concepts explored in class. By the end of the course, students will have a deeper understanding of painting techniques and concepts and a portfolio of work that showcases their growth as artists. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries.

Advanced Painting (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisites: Painting 1 & 2 and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course addresses a very broad interpretation of two-dimensional design issues. This type of design involves purposeful decision-making about how to use the elements and principles of art in an integrative way. Artists use the elements of design (line, shape, illusion of motion, pattern, texture, value, and color) to express themselves. Coursework is supplemented with trips to area museums and galleries. This course prepares students for the AP exam.

Advanced Painting: Portfolio (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Advanced Painting and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is for serious painting students who desire to work beyond the advanced placement level. Elements of painting introduced in the previous three levels will be pursued. With an emphasis on independently explored subject matter, students are free to create work that interests them.

Digital Arts 1 (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

In this introduction to the concepts and tools of two-dimensional digital art making, students will explore the following practices: photography, video-making, and design. Through a series of assignments and in-class demonstrations, students will use digital cameras, iPads, and classroom workstations equipped with Adobe Photoshop, Lightroom, and iMovie to create posters, books, and short digital videos. All equipment is provided.

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Digital Arts 2 (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

Prerequisite: Digital Arts 1 or instructor approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

The Digital Arts 2 curriculum expands on the fundamentals taught in Digital Arts 1. In this course, students will refine their practice through the creation of multiple book projects, assignment prompts, and self-directed assignments. All equipment is provided.

Advanced Photography, Video, and Design (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisites: Digital Arts 2 and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This advanced studio class is designed for students developing a portfolio for submission to the Advanced Placement Exam. This course requires two previous studio art classes and is designed to offer students the opportunity to further explore projects in photography, video, and design.

Advanced Photography, Video, and Design: Portfolio (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisites: Advanced Photography, Video, and Design and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This advanced studio class is designed for students to further develop a portfolio for submission to the Advanced Placement Exam. This course requires three previous studio art classes and is designed to offer students the opportunity to further explore projects in photography, video, and design.

Advanced Digital Drawing, Collage, and Mixed Media (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisites: Digital Arts 2 and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This advanced studio class is designed for students developing a portfolio for submission to the Advanced Placement Exam. This course requires two previous studio art classes and is designed to offer students the opportunity to further explore projects in digital drawing, collage, and mixed media.

Advanced Digital Drawing, Collage, and Mixed Media: Portfolio (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisites: Advanced Digital Drawing, Collage, and Mixed Media and department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This advanced studio class is designed for students to further develop a portfolio for submission to the Advanced Placement Exam. This course requires three previous studio art classes and is designed to offer students the opportunity to further explore projects in digital drawing, collage, and mixed media.

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English The English Department empowers students to become lifelong readers who express themselves clearly, convincingly, and creatively in writing and discussion. The English curriculum offers a broad range of courses across the four years of study, incorporating core content and skills in the ninth and tenth grade years and prioritizing student choice and interest in the student’s final two years. Students will leave Episcopal with a firm fundamental grounding in all forms of writing–analytical, narrative, persuasive, and creative. They will also develop and deepen their reading skills through encounters with a wide breadth of literature and a diversity of voices and styles. Additionally, students will be readers of the greater Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, visiting the community at large at least one time each semester per English class; students will therefore connect themes and ideas from texts with shows they attend, museums they visit, experts they engage, and spaces they explore.

Requirements: 4 credits Four credits are required in English. Students must be enrolled in English every semester at Episcopal, and they must complete one elective that fulfills a writing requirement and one elective that fulfills an American literature requirement. The English Department recommends students for advanced English electives in the 11th and 12th grade. Should returning students wish to enroll in an advanced class without the department recommendation, they must submit an application to the Department Chair for consideration. That application will be sent to students in the spring, and it can also be found here. All incoming eleventh graders will enroll in Writing Workshop in their first semester.

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Fundamentals in Literature and Composition (1.0 credit, full-year) 9th

The Episcopal freshman-year English curriculum leverages the resources of Washington, DC to teach fundamental English skills through a contextual lens. By examining the relationship between a place and its communities, students learn to connect their studies to the world around them. This course’s multimodal approach will help to build a strong foundation for academic excellence by equipping students with transferable skills that foster adaptability, critical thinking, and an appreciation for how context deepens learning. As students navigate their EHS journey – hailing from diverse global backgrounds to our nation’s capital, this course will prepare them to engage meaningfully with their surroundings and embody the core values of our Portrait of a Graduate. The class teaches and relies on discussion, and also dedicates lots of time to writing in various forms, including personal responses, formal analytical and persuasive essays, and creative pieces. Texts may include Speak No Evil, Their Eyes Were Watching God, a Shakespeare play, as well as poetry/music and a choice novel unit to conclude the year.

Genre Studies (1.0 credit, full-year)

Prerequisites: Fundamentals in Literature and Composition 10th

Students review the mechanics of the English language, including grammar, syntax and vocabulary, write essays of a personal and critical nature, and craft creative fiction. Students read and trace themes through broad divisions of drama, fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, augmenting their understanding of how authors create meaning in different genres, and substantiating and specifying this understanding. Through grade-level and individual class engagements in Washington, D.C., in the theater scene, museums, historical sites, monuments, and natural areas, students deepen their learning. Core texts may include Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Sophocles’ Antigone, a novel by Toni Morrison, and a work of nonfiction about the Holocaust.

Advanced American Studies (2 credits: 1 English and 1 Social Studies, full-year) Prerequisites: Genre Studies, Modern World History or Honors Modern World History 11th

America as place, America as people, America as culture, America as an idea–in all its manifestations, America is complex, capacious, and changing. American Studies is for the student interested in exploring the complexities of what it is to be an American, by studying the experiences and values of the people of the United States as embodied in their history, literature, and culture, including art, music, politics, fashion, food, dance, religion, folklore, and media. By taking as our particular focus the place and people of Washington, D.C., this class seeks to empower students to confront with historical awareness the most pressing problems in American society. American Studies will meet for two class periods each day, allowing time for an in-depth study of American history, literature, and culture, as well as for many off-campus experiences and alternative assessments, such as oral history, performance, debates, and other forms of rigorous, creative expression. Advanced American Studies students should be prepared to read critically, to write with clarity and nuance, and to form well-organized and creative extended arguments. This course fulfills both the U.S. History and English requirements, including the American Literature and writing requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: American Drama (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

Theater has played a key role in American culture since even before the founding of the United States, and this course will explore plays that focus on essential

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English (cont.) themes in the arc of American identity. We will examine what nearly three centuries of dramatic literature have had to say about this country and its people—through various lenses—and work to define the American experience for people from all walks of life. Particular attention will be paid to diverse voices within the American theatrical scene, and theatrical works that push the boundaries of form, message, and what is culturally “acceptable.” Assignments will range from traditional literary assessments like analytical essays to in-class, Harkness-style graded discussions to creative pieces such as planning directorial ideation and crafting American plays of our own. We will attend (and review) at least one production in the D.C. area, but generally we will do everything we can to bring these plays from across dramatic history to life. The advanced nature of this class will entail more independent, long-term work for students, a greater emphasis on scholarly research behind these plays, a higher bar for expectations regarding the understanding of American culture (through history, in particular) that students are bringing to the class, and a stricter set of standards for writing skills. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: American Protest Literature (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

Throughout American history writers have lamented, excoriated, rebelled, celebrated, and prophesied, challenging audiences to examine their own beliefs and actions. Beginning with the American Revolution and continuing to the present, we’ll immerse ourselves in this rich literary tradition. Our discussions will be grounded in both history and literature, but they will go beyond that, drawing on film, art, and music and will be organized into three broad categories: race, gender and sexuality, and environment. In each of these categories, we will consider how the protest of thought and behavior shapes the course of our collective, national lives, as well as our own individual lives. We will take advantage of museums, organizations and individuals in the D.C., metro area, and students will delve into a personal interest through an intensive individual research project and educate their peers about their findings.

Students will also write personal responses and analytical reflections on the reading throughout the course, and the major writing assessments will be numerous and varied--creative writing, close-reading analysis, and compare and contrast. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Chekhov (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This course focuses on the work of Russian author Anton Chekhov (1860-1904), whose short stories and plays are foundational texts in modern literature. Beginning by placing Chekhov in the context of late 19th century Russian literature and history, the course will examine his work as it increases in insight and subtlety across his short career, culminating in the extraordinary pieces produced in the last years of his life.

The course will also consider at least one of Chekhov’s four major plays: The Seagull, Three Sisters, Uncle Vanya and The Cherry Orchard. The course is

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discussion-based, and students will keep a reading journal throughout the semester. Assessments may include essays, creative writing, timed papers, graded discussions, acting, and a culminating project focused on independent reading. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay.

Advanced English Seminar: The Art of the Epic: The Odyssey and Its Adaptations (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This course is a chance for students to take a deep dive into Homer’s ancient epic poem, The Odyssey - to experience and wrestle with the timeless story of the hero’s journey and to study a sampling of the countless adaptations it has inspired over the centuries, in particular the more modern novels, poems, and stories such as The Penelopiad, by Margaret Atwood, Cold Mountain, by Charles Frazier, and Circe, by Madeline Miller. We will also explore music and art work inspired by The Odyssey. Students should expect to participate in critical and close reading, Harkness discussion, creative writing, and analytical writing in this advanced class.

Advanced English Seminar: Classics of American Literature (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

In this spring semester course students will return to a number of authors and works that used to make up the established American Literature canon. We’ll proceed chronologically from as early as the late 18th century through the current day. The pace of the class will be fast as daily readings will be short and numerous–poems and short stories only with one play, Miller’s Death of a Salesman, the exception; in addition students will choose a course-appropriate novel and write their culminating project on said book. Otherwise shorter texts will largely be online, daily class will be discussion-based, and assessments will include a number of shorter essays in addition to the noted final independent project and paper. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Contemporary Global Literature (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This discussion and reading-based semester course will examine global literature published in the current millennium. By digesting literature from around the world, students will be exposed to various cultural, political, and social platforms, thereby engaging with numerous perspectives. A variety of writing exercises, both creative and analytical, will supplement students’ understanding and discussion of the text. In addition to in class work, students will complete three asynchronous choice novel projects over the course of the semester. By the end of the semester, students will have read seven novel-length texts. The culminating project is a combination of creative and analytic, allowing the student freedom to craft and present a visual analysis of any material read in the semester. Authors encountered in the course may include, but are not limited to, Adichie, McEwan, Jones, Nelson, Madden, Sedira, Woodrell, Khalifa, and Kay. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended

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English (cont.) arguments.

Advanced English Seminar: Creative Writing (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This second semester course is designed to briefly re-familiarize students with fundamentals of writing fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, using classic and contemporary works as models that afford students a better understanding of the creative process. Throughout the semester, students will complete week-long focused studies on the elements of the short story, including plot development, setting, character, dialogue, and point of view. For assessments, students will begin to either craft a longer piece of fiction, whether through chapters, or a collection of short stories linked by character or theme. In addition to biweekly check-ins regarding progress on the final portfolio/product, students will complete self-reflective writing to showcase their process and plans. Through daily and nightly writing assignments, students can demonstrate their writing skills as well as experiment with various strategies. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Detective Fiction (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This elective will examine the development of the detective story into a legitimate and mature literary type. Focus of lectures and discussions will be less on plot and actual solution of given crimes, and more on the authors’ unique rendering of character—the crime solvers themselves—and their psyches. We’ll pay particular attention to these writers’ fascination with the detective as ‘anti-hero.’ We’ll begin with the early practitioners (Poe and Holmes), spend time with the British legend Agatha Christie, move to an American hardboiled master like Hammett or Chandler, and wrap with a contemporary author. Assessments include weekly reading quizzes, and several in-class essays. In addition, students will be writing a final critical analysis of a detective novel read independently.

Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay.

Advanced English Seminar: Narratives of the Holocaust: Resistance, Resilience, and Human Courage (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation

11th/12th (For seniors enrolled in six year-long courses, this course can be taken for dual English and theology credit.)

This course examines the Holocaust (Shoah) through the lens of biographical storytelling. The course will focus on the various ways in which an individual’s story can be shared (e.g., literature, art, museum exhibits, podcasts, etc.). The focus of these stories will revolve around themes of resistance, resilience, and human courage. Students will explore individual narratives through survivor memoirs, graphic novels, podcasts, museum exhibits, including extensive resources from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and the USC Shoah Foundation, and theological texts. By engaging with these diverse forms of storytelling, the course emphasizes the historical significance and deeply personal impact of the Holocaust, transforming this monumental history into relatable human experiences. A central goal of the course is for students to create their own biography or narrative of a Holocaust (or other genocide) survivor

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or victim, synthesizing what they have learned from primary sources and individual accounts. Students will also participate in reflective writing, including personal responses and comparative essays, while keeping a reading journal to document their engagement with the material. Regular discussions will foster thoughtful dialogue and deepen their understanding of the Holocaust through the intimate lens of individual lives and stories. This course will be offered as a differentiated Advanced English Seminar; to earn advanced credit, students must complete additional assignments, reading, and flex block experiences.

Advanced English Seminar: Individualism in American Literature (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

Since its inception, America has been a place where the spirit of individuality has flourished, and Americans, as a people, have long believed that independence and self-reliance are an integral part of our national character. Throughout our history, we have shown special regard for people and characters who follow their own ideals and beliefs rather than accepting the values of the masses. Over the course of the semester, we will follow those characters who stepped off the well-worn path to chart their own unique trail through the American landscape, and we will examine the complex interplay between the individual and the collective. Possible texts for the course include the following: Into the Wild, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, The Crucible, My Antonia, and Walden. Students will be asked to write personal responses and reflections on the reading throughout the course, and the major writing assessments will be varied--creative writing, close-reading analysis, and compare and contrast. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Shakespeare 1: Page, Stage, and Screen (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This course offers students the opportunity to dig deeply into Shakespeare’s genius using the many resources available in the Washington area. Students start with close textual analysis of the playwright’s works, augmented by film and/or live performances. Works being studied might include Part I of Henry IV, Henry V, The Merchant of Venice, Hamlet, Twelfth Night and selected Shakespearean sonnets, as well as other plays depending on offerings at local Shakespeare Theaters. Advanced students will also choose a play from Shakespeare’s canon to read independently, write an analytical paper and present on their chosen play to their peers. Students will respond to the plays in journals, write theater reviews and analytical papers, and even flex their creative muscles with a sonnet of their own. Discussions will also include modern adaptations and their themes as set in a more contemporary context. Students may take both this course and Shakespeare 2 during their time at EHS. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments.

Advanced English Seminar Shakespeare 2: Page Stage, and Screen (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

Like the fall’s Shakespeare 1, this course offers students the opportunity to dig deeply into Shakespeare’s genius using the many resources available in the Washington area. Students start with close textual analysis of the playwright’s works, augmented by film and/or live performances. Works being studied will not overlap with plays from the fall, and might include King Lear, Much Ado About Nothing, Measure for Measure, Twelfth Night, and selected Shakespearean sonnets, as well as other plays depending on offerings at local Shakespeare Theaters. Additionally, the course will look at various critical responses to Shakespeare’s works–some old, some new. Advanced students will also choose a play from Shakespeare’s canon to read, write about and present on to their

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English (cont.) peers. Students will respond to the plays in journals, write theater reviews and analytical papers, and even flex their creative muscles with a sonnet of their own. Discussions will also include modern adaptations and their themes as set in a more contemporary context. Students may take both this course and Shakespeare 2 during their time at EHS. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay.

Advanced English Seminar: The Irish Influence: Short Story Writing Workshop (0.5 credit, fall and spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This Short Story Writing Workshop introduces students to classic and contemporary literature from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, and course texts are diverse in both form and perspective. Irish writers are often grouped within the context of a British discussion of the Western literary canon, a mistake that has been slowly rectified in the post-colonial discussion, and students will examine how the Irish literary tradition has been shaped by factors such as colonization, immigration, religion, and nationalism as they workshop their own prose pieces. Specifically, students investigate the need of human beings to story tell – and how stories can be the voice of a larger movement – as they examine the short story as an essential but unique literary form. Within the traditional writing workshop setting, students learn to read as writers, provide critical analyses of their peers’ work, and filter feedback constructively in the editing process. Assessments may also include graded discussions, analytical responses, a semester-long independent project and a final analytical exam.

Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Unmute Yourself: A Poetry Workshop (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

Building upon the foundational knowledge of previous courses and/ or personal exploration, Advanced Poetry Workshop students will refine their skills as they examine the nuances of language, tinker with challenging forms and techniques, and hone their poetic voices. They will work to fuse personal experiences with cultural influences and social commentary to engage their audience in a deeply powerful way. Additionally, students will develop a critical eye through weekly presentations of contemporary and classical poems as well as an extensive analysis of a selected poet’s collection. The goal is for each budding writer to emerge with a refined skill set and newfound confidence in their ability to express themselves through this powerful medium. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Victorian Literature (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th Queen Victoria’s reign began two years before Episcopal High School was founded and ended with her death in 1901. During Victoria’s time on the throne, Britain and the world underwent a remarkable series of political, scientific, social, and aesthetic shifts. Meanwhile, writers and poets mined this continuous upheaval for their material, reflecting on, engaging with, and even shaping the changes. In this course, we will encounter the work of some of the better-known writers 30

from this time period, while also exploring the voices of those on the margins of Victorian society. We will consider why Victorians wrote and what they wrote about, with an emphasis on their development of imagery and language of social criticism. We will examine the parallels between the Victorian age and today.

Though we won’t read the longest novels of the 19th century, the reading load will be substantial in order that we may encounter more beloved and insightful authors from this time period. Significant independent study will allow students to better understand and contextualize the events and attitudes of 19th century Britain for themselves and their peers. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments.

Advanced English Seminar: Voices of the Harlem Renaissance (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This course examines the American literary era known as the Harlem Renaissance, a period in the 1920s and 1930s when urban centers of the United States experienced a vibrant outpouring of music, art, and literature. We will consider this outpouring as a chorus of sorts: Black Americans memorializing their varied perspectives and identities in a way that collectively forms an indelible, indispensable, and irrefutable part of American culture. In addition, we will seek to understand the Harlem Renaissance in context (it follows certain literary traditions while running alongside others), and to interpret the cultural significance that it continues to have to this day. Our reading, watching, and listening will include thought-provoking novels, nonfiction, poetry, and essays, old-time and present-day music, and film.

Assessments include occasional reflective writing assignments of one paragraph each, four short papers, two longer papers, and a final, independent project.

Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

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English (cont.)

Advanced English Seminar: Writing about the Environment, Nature, and Place (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This Advanced Environmental Writing workshop is for the student interested in deepening their relationship to the natural world by writing and reading creative nonfiction that explores nature, culture, and landscape through language. Students will produce several works of original environmental writing, including personal essays about nature, place, and memory, critical essays investigating contemporary environmental issues, and journalistic essays examining climate change, environmental justice, and activism. The class explores the historically shifting concept of “nature” through three centuries of American environmental writing, with a particular focus on writing that explores the natural landscape of and environmental issues affecting the Washington, D.C., area.

Students will frequently leave the classroom to study the outdoors, honing their skills not only as writers, but naturalists, ecologists, and environmentalists.

This course fulfills the Writing Requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: Writing Workshop (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This elective will focus on the craft of writing, developing journals into drafts into polished persuasive pieces and personal essays. Weeks will comprise significant grammar and vocabulary work, required individual conferences, creative exercises and independent reading. In addition to weekly essay work, assessments will include one major literary analysis on a novel of the student’s choice, and a written exam. Students may not take both regular Writing Workshop and advanced Writing Workshop during their time at EHS. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

Advanced English Seminar: The Writer’s Studio: Intensive Creative Writing Workshop (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

This advanced intensive creative writing workshop is designed for students committed to refining their craft across multiple genres—fiction, creative nonfiction, and poetry. Modeled on the MFA-style creative writing workshop, this course emphasizes close reading and constructive critique. Through rigorous writing, revision, and critique, students will push the boundaries of their creative work while developing a deeper understanding of literary craft. Each participant will have multiple opportunities to present their writing for peer review, with the goal of not only improving individual pieces but also gaining insight into their creative process and building a significant portfolio for potential publication. Beyond workshops, students will explore technique through curated readings from contemporary authors, craft essays, and guided discussions on narrative structure, voice, and revision. This is a rigorous, immersive course that demands dedication, curiosity, and a willingness to take creative risks. Students should expect to finish the class with a stronger command of their writing and a deeper appreciation for the literary community in Washington, D.C. This course fulfills the Writing Requirement.

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American Studies (2 credits–1 English and 1 Social Studies, full year) Prerequisites: Genre Studies, Modern World History 11th

America as place, America as people, America as culture, America as an idea–in all its manifestations, America is complex, capacious, and changing. American Studies is for the student interested in exploring the complexities of what it is to be an American, by studying the experiences and values of the people of the United States as embodied in their history, literature, and culture, including art, music, politics, fashion, food, dance, religion, folklore, and media. By taking as our particular focus the place and people of Washington, D.C., this class seeks to empower students to confront with historical awareness the most pressing problems that face American society. American Studies will meet for two class periods each day, allowing time for an in-depth study of American history, literature, and culture, as well as for many off-campus experiences and alternative assessments, such oral history, performance, debates, and other forms of rigorous, creative expression. American Studies students can expect to read critically, and to work in and out of class on developing their technical and creative capacities as researchers and writers. This course fulfills both the U.S. History and English requirements, including the American Literature and writing requirement.

English Seminar: American Literature: Poetry, Essay, Story and Song (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

In this course, students will engage in the critical study and interpretation of texts from diverse genres: music, poetry, speeches, advertisements, comic strips, street art, film-- the possibilities are numerous! The class also offers a hands-on investigation of class, gender, race, and identity by exploring the work of dynamic authors like Kendrick Lamar, Jia Tolentino, and Claudia Emerson. Seminars and formal essays will involve close reading of texts and passages, acknowledging that meaning is not fixed, but rather impacted by form, content, purpose, audience and contexts. Regular second semester classes will end when the seniors depart for their externships. For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

English Seminar: Classics of American Literature (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

In this fall semester course students will explore a number of authors and works based on the following themes: the individual’s role within the community; “great pretenders”; and the modern American world. Texts will include foundational works from the early Americans; Benjamin Franklin and Frederick Douglass’s autobiographies; poets and essayists like Emerson, Whitman, and Dickinson; the great twentieth century novels, Passing and The Great Gatsby; and, finally, an independent project on a contemporary American novel of the students’ choice. American poetry, song, and art will be woven throughout. Daily class will be discussion-based, and assessments will include a number of shorter essays in addition to the noted final independent project and paper. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

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English (cont.)

English Seminar: Gothic Literature Across Two Centuries (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

This course is about how gothic literature has been reinterpreted in new contexts since its emergence in 18th century Europe. The course’s texts will reveal how different times and cultures represent fear in literature; any particular society’s use of gothic tropes opens windows into what they consider unspeakably terrifying, which varies widely. At the same time, gothic literature illustrates a few universal themes that unite different cultures. All of the course’s texts demonstrate an interest in darkness, death and fear, an awareness of the limits of human understanding, and love of a good, creepy story. By the end of the course, students will be able to connect themselves, their societies, and their fears to the gothic tradition, and even participate as gothic artists themselves.

For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction of the college essay. This class fulfills the writing requirement.

English Seminar: Narratives of the Holocaust: Resistance, Resilience, and Human Courage (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies

11th/12th (For seniors enrolled in six year-long courses, this course can be taken for dual English and theology credit.)

This course examines the Holocaust (Shoah) through the lens of biographical storytelling. The course will focus on the various ways in which an individual’s story can be shared (e.g., literature, art, museum exhibits, podcasts, etc.). The focus of these stories will revolve around themes of resistance, resilience, and human courage. Students will explore individual narratives through survivor memoirs, graphic novels, podcasts, museum exhibits, including extensive resources from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and the USC Shoah Foundation, and theological texts. By engaging with these diverse forms of storytelling, the course emphasizes the historical significance and deeply personal impact of the Holocaust, transforming this monumental history into relatable human experiences. A central goal of the course is for students to create their own biography or narrative of a Holocaust (or other genocide) survivor or victim, synthesizing what they have learned from primary sources and individual accounts. Students will also participate in reflective writing, including personal responses and comparative essays, while keeping a reading journal to document their engagement with the material. Regular discussions will foster thoughtful dialogue and deepen their understanding of the Holocaust through the intimate lens of individual lives and stories. This course will be offered as a differentiated Advanced English Seminar; to earn advanced credit, students must complete additional assignments, reading and flex block experiences.

English Seminar: Nonfiction Writing for Publication (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

This course offers students an exciting introduction to nonfiction writing centered on weekly reflection of all aspects of the Episcopal community. Through active investigation, teamwork, and careful thinking, students write fact and opinion pieces, ultimately publishing them in periodicals of their own with the possibility of distribution to Episcopal students, staff, and faculty. The semester begins with students reading a selection of award-winning journalistic pieces.

These pieces serve as models for various journalistic forms and introduce the concepts of journalistic integrity, objectivity, and ethics. Shortly thereafter, we begin writing: each student takes responsibility for covering a part of our community and provides clear, concise, informative reflections of what they find.

Students also have the opportunity to meet with and learn from professional journalists. Texts: The Elements of Journalism, selections from recent Pulitzer winners, major periodicals. Regular second semester classes will end when the seniors depart for their externships. For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

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English Seminar: Rhetoric: Persuasive Writing and Speaking (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

This course is designed to develop students’ communication skills across various mediums. Through theoretical study, practical exercises, and real-world applications, students will dive into the principles of effective communication, mastering techniques for verbal, nonverbal, written, and visual expression. While incorporating elements of theater, the course places equal emphasis on public speaking and presentation skills. Students will practice rhetorical writing, and engage in activities that foster creativity, critical thinking, and self-awareness, preparing them to communicate confidently and persuasively in diverse personal, academic, and professional contexts. For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction of the college essay. This class fulfills the writing requirement.

English Seminar: Short Story Writing about Climate Change (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

A writing workshop at its heart, this course aims to help students examine the existing literature of climate change and contribute to the growing body of work on this topic. Focusing particularly on short stories, we will read science fiction, dystopian fiction and the fiction of the here and now. Students will imitate the genres, and respond and create their own fiction on the topic of climate change. Designed to help students understand and process climate change, as well as familiarize them with the art of writing short fiction, the course will focus on the craft of writing with sophistication and creativity. Through numerous independent writing assignments, students can grow their writing skills as well as experiment with various sub-genres. The potential beauty of the course also lies in the innovation and hope possible when imaginations are free to roam and students feel encouraged to find their own voice. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

English Seminar: Theater, from the Page to the Stage (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

Drama is a unique genre of literature in which the words are not supposed to stay put on the page but are destined to be brought to life in the form of theatrical productions. This course will be constructed around the spring theater season in the Washington D.C., area and will involve the study of four to six scripts paired with the experience of four to six stage productions encompassing diverse topics, scopes, and styles. Our emphasis will be on how theater artists (from playwrights to directors to performers to designers to stage crew) craft their embodied work out of language, and the challenges, opportunities, and meaning that come with that creative process. The practice of writing an informed, critical review will be central to written assessment in this course, but so will more traditional assignments like essays (both in-class and for homework) and more creative assignments like directorial vision projects and even mini-plays of our own. This course welcomes all comers, whether you are a tried-and-true theater nerd already or want to dip your toes into the medium for the first time. For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction geared towards the college essay.

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English (cont.)

English Seminar: Unmute Yourself: A Poetry Workshop (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

Whether rooted in our own experiences or observations of the world around us, one thing is certain: we all have stories to tell. In this workshop, we invite students to draw upon these experiences to craft original pieces of varying poetic forms and influences. This class will introduce poetic techniques, challenge writers to share their work with the community, and give space to reflect on the creative process. Exploring the beauty and flexibility of this literary genre breathes life into Rita Dove’s words: “Poetry is language at its most distilled and most powerful.” For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction geared towards the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

English Seminar: Whitman, Dickinson, and the American Voice (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisites: Genre Studies and department recommendation 11th/12th

The poetry of Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman will form the core reading for this semester elective. Students will examine the two poets’ original and distinctly American voices, both of which have reverberated through the last one hundred and fifty years of American Literature. Looking closely at Dickinson’s and Whitman’s unique poetic perspectives, stylistic innovations, and subject matter, students will read a diverse compilation of American poets whose ideas and styles were influenced by these two seminal bodies of work. Alongside the poetry, the class will also read two novels that reflect the divergent voices of Dickinson and Whitman. Through the combination of poetry and prose, students will practice a variety of approaches to analytical reading and writing. In addition, students will have an opportunity to write their own poetry and experiment with their own artistic styles and voices. Students in advanced courses should be prepared to write with clarity and technical proficiency and to display critical and creative thought in extended arguments. Advanced second semester classes will continue through the end of May, culminating with a final exam. One week will be given in May to instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the American Literature requirement.

English Seminar: Writing Workshop (0.5 credit, fall and spring) Prerequisites: Genre Studies 11th/12th

This elective will focus on the craft of writing, progressing from the sentence to the paragraph to the polished essay–argumentative, analytical, creative, as well as the personal narrative. Weekly work will comprise grammar and vocabulary exercises, and developing journals into persuasive pieces. Weekly conferences are mandatory, and attention to developing the individual student’s voice will be emphasized through creative exercises and reading samples.

Assessments include weekly essays and a writing portfolio in lieu of an exam. Students may not take both regular Writing Workshop and advanced Writing Workshop during their time at EHS. For non-senior students, the month of May will be dedicated to studying the art of the personal essay, including specific instruction of the college essay. This course fulfills the writing requirement.

Folger Shakespeare Fellowship (fall only)

Prerequisites: Genre Studies, and department recommendation 11th/12th

By application to Folger Shakespeare Library. Applications are due in late May. By department permission.

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Modern and Classical Languages The Modern and Classical Languages Department at Episcopal teaches six languages: Chinese, French, German, Greek, Latin, and Spanish–along with Arabic and Japanese, which are taught through Global Online Academy. In small classes that allow students the space to interact closely with classmates and teachers, our courses incorporate not only the more practical aspects of language learning ––– speaking, writing, listening, and reading ––– but they also stress the intellectual and cultural elements of that study.

Graduation Requirement: 2 or 3 credits Students are required to study one language for three years and successfully complete at least the second level in that language. Students who have completed level two of a language in two years of study are required to pass the third level. The final credit in that language must be earned at Episcopal. Students who complete this requirement in their junior year are strongly encouraged to take the next level of that language. Our College Counseling Office also encourages students to take four years of language study, regardless of level.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

Chinese 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Chinese 1 is a beginning-level course in Modern Standard Chinese (Mandarin). The course begins by introducing Chinese pronunciation and tones. Recognizing, reading, typing and writing simplified Chinese characters will follow. A variety of listening materials will be used from the beginning of this course to give students an authentic, practical way to learn correct pronunciation and reinforce class lessons. Students will also be exposed to Chinese language and culture via movies and cultural events. Chinese 1 places great emphasis upon standard pronunciation, listening comprehension, and lays a foundation for grasping everyday, “survival” Chinese. “Integrated Chinese” series is the primary textbook used in this course.

Chinese 2/Honors Chinese 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Chinese 1/ department approval for 2H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Chinese 2/Honors Chinese 2 builds upon the skills learned in Chinese 1. Besides speaking and listening to Chinese speech, greater emphasis is placed on recognizing, reading, typing and writing simplified Chinese characters. More advanced listening materials will be introduced to challenge the class. Students will also be exposed to Chinese language and culture via movies and cultural events. “Integrated Chinese” series remains the primary textbook for this course.

Students recommended to take Honors Chinese 2 will be required to do additional work to build proficiency and knowledge in Chinese language and culture.

Chinese 3/Honors Chinese 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Chinese 2/ department approval for 3H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Chinese 3/Honors Chinese 3 continues to build on and advance the skills learned in Chinese 2. Besides listening to and speaking Mandarin Chinese, emphasis is also placed on reading authentic material, typing, and composition writing. The textbook series remains the same as in Chinese 2. This is an immersion course; students will be expected to listen to and understand advanced listening materials. Students will also be exposed to Chinese language and culture through movies and cultural events. Students recommended to take Honors Chinese 3 will be required to do additional work to build proficiency and knowledge in Chinese language and culture.

Chinese 4/Honors Chinese 4 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Chinese 3, department approval for 4H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Chinese 4/Honors Chinese 4 continues to build and advance skills learned in Chinese 3. Students will work to achieve success in basic communicative tasks and social situations, to understand sentence-length phrases, increase reading comprehension and meet a number of practical writing needs. Students recommended to take Honors Chinese 4 will be required to do additional work to build proficiency and knowledge in Chinese language and culture.

Advanced Chinese Language (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

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Advanced Chinese Language is designed to prepare students for success in linguistic as well as cultural communication in Chinese both within the school and in the outside community. Students will prepare for the AP exam through the use of textbooks and workbooks as well as interactive and supplementary materials.

French 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course introduces students to spoken and written French and to the culture of the Francophone world. Emphasis is placed on the development of listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. By the end of this course, students should be able to converse and write in French in a variety of contexts using basic vocabulary, as well as regular and irregular verbs.

French 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: French 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course builds on the fundamental communicative and grammar skills acquired in French 1, incorporating study of vocabulary and verb tenses, emphasis on the present, passé composé, and imperfect tenses. The curriculum integrates print and digital strategies that meet the needs of all language learners.

Thematically based and engaging activities are carefully scaffolded. Students continue to develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills based on contextual vocabulary themes.

Honors French 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: French 1, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course builds on the fundamental communicative and grammar skills acquired in French 1, incorporating study of vocabulary and verb tenses, emphasis on the present, passé composé, and imperfect tenses. The curriculum integrates print and digital strategies that meet the needs of all language learners.

Thematically based and engaging activities are carefully scaffolded. Students continue to develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills based on contextual vocabulary themes. Students read and write passages of increasing length and difficulty.

French 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: French 2 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

French 3 is an intermediate course which builds upon the foundation of vocabulary and grammatical structures learned in the previous two levels. The curriculum integrates opportunities to improve interpersonal and presentational communication through conversations, role-playing and project-based learning.

Activities are thematically based and scaffolded to complement a range of learning styles. This course refines students’ skills in listening and reading comprehension as well as develops proficiency in written and spoken communication. In addition to the study of vocabulary and structures, students will continue to learn about the Francophone world and its cultures.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

Honors French 3 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: French 2/2H, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Honors French 3 is an intermediate course which builds upon the foundation of vocabulary and grammatical structures learned in the previous two levels.

The curriculum integrates opportunities to improve interpersonal and presentational communication through conversations, role-playing and project-based learning. Activities are thematically based and scaffolded to complement a range of learning styles. In addition to the study of vocabulary and structures, students will continue to learn about the Francophone world and its cultures.

French 4 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: French 3 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed to provide a conclusion to a four-year course of study of French, or to prepare students to move on to French 5. Students use carefully scaffolded material which integrates authentic print and digital resources. The course emphasizes an immersive environment with the use of the target language and the incorporation of authentic sources. There is a thorough review of French grammar and an emphasis on mastering a broader vocabulary through the literary and historical passages read and through the grammar exercises.

Honors French 4 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: French 3/3H, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course continues to build upon and refine lessons learned in the previous levels of study with emphasis on increasing proficiency in interpersonal and presentational skills. Students use carefully scaffolded material which integrates authentic print and digital resources. The course emphasizes an immersive environment with the exclusive use of the target language and the incorporation of a large number of authentic sources. There is a complete review of French grammar with an emphasis on mastering a broader vocabulary through the literary and historical passages read and through the grammar exercises. Building confidence in written and oral expression is an integral part of the course.

French 5 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: French 4/4H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

French 5 serves as a bridge between French 4/Honors and Advanced Language for juniors, as well as a final course for seniors. The course seeks to review all verb tenses and grammar points and to polish the students’ skill in using them in compositions and presentations. Through literary texts, film, current event readings and reports, and other authentic materials, students explore themes that interest them and that offer a window into experiencing Francophone cultures.

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Advanced French Language (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed to help students achieve mastery of oral and written expression and of reading and listening comprehension in preparation for the AP French Language and Culture Exam. Students cultivate their understanding of French language and francophone cultures by applying interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational modes of communication in real-life situations as they explore concepts related to family and community, personal and public identity, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges. Oral presentations, conversations, revision of expository compositions, readings of literary selections as well as journalistic pieces from current newspapers and magazines, and recordings and videos of interviews, conversations, and other presentations offer students the opportunity to improve their proficiency in the language.

Advanced Topics in French Language and Culture (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course explores topics related to the Francophone world through literature, film, current events, music, and art.. All subjects within the context of the French language, social and political history, cinematic and art history, linguistic and cultural history, are open for investigation and study. In this immersive course, students will be expected to read, write, and communicate in French.

German 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Willkommen in Deutsch! The first level of German introduces students to the fundamentals of the language and to the culture of the German-speaking world.

Students learn to communicate in real-life contexts about topics that are meaningful to them, including their hobbies and school days. Grammar is integrated into instruction according to the vocabulary and structures needed to communicate in these authentic situations. By the end of the course, students will be able to use regular and irregular verbs and to ask and answer questions in the present tense, and will create a project about their friends and families. Emphasis is placed primarily on the development of listening and speaking, but also on beginning reading and writing skills.

German 2/Honors German 2 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: German 1/department approval for Honors German 2 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

German 2/Honors 2 continues the work begun on the fundamentals of the language in German 1. Grammar is again integrated into instruction according to the vocabulary and structures needed to communicate in real-life situations. Topics include family, shopping, and eating in restaurants, with a continued focus on the culture of Germany and Austria. New grammar concepts include modal verbs, command form, and the four cases. Emphasis continues to be placed on the development of listening and speaking skills, but with greater integration of reading and writing skills. Students are expected to use German in the classroom as exclusively as possible. Honors level will have additional projects every semester, including independent reading, and will be graded using higher level rubrics.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

German 3/Honors German 3 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: German 2/department approval for Honors German 3 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

German 3 continues the use of real-life situations to build students’ vocabulary and grammar. Topics include holidays and party planning, clothing, interior design, and housework. Additionally, students will explore new grammar, describing past experiences in two separate tenses. Emphasis continues to be placed on the development of listening and speaking skills, but with a special focus on reading and writing skills. Students are expected to use German in the classroom as exclusively as possible. Students must have completed German 2 (or its equivalent) before entering this class. Honors level will have additional projects every semester, including independent reading, and will be graded using higher level rubrics.

German 4/Honors German 4 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: German 3/department approval for Honors German 4 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

German 4/Honors German 4 continues to build and advance skills learned in German 3. Students will learn to discuss the weather, travel plans, energy use and our changing planet, transportation, and new technologies. New emphasis will be placed on presentational speaking, in addition to the reading, writing, and conversation skills built in the previous levels. Students are expected to communicate exclusively in German in the classroom. Students must have completed German 3 (or its equivalent) before entering this class. Students recommended to take Honors German 4 will have additional projects every semester, including independent reading, and will be graded using higher level rubrics.

Advanced German Language (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: German 4, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed to help students achieve a high level of oral and written expression and of reading and listening comprehension. The course will cover concepts found on the AP German Language and Culture Exam. Students will cultivate their understanding of German language and culture by applying interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational modes of communication in real-life situations. Concepts include topics related to family and community, personal and public identity, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges. Oral presentations, conversations, readings of literary selections, as well as pieces from current newspapers and magazines, and recordings and videos of interviews, conversations, and other presentations offer students the opportunity to improve their proficiency in the language.

Greek 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 11th, 12th

This elective course provides an introduction to ancient Greek and the history, culture and literature of ancient Greece and its reception in modern times. No previous knowledge of Greek or Latin is assumed, though students interested should have some experience in the study of another language. This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS. Meets senior theology requirement.

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Greek 2 (0.5 credit, fall) Prerequisite: Greek 1 11th, 12th

In this course, students will focus their energy almost entirely on the fundamentals of the Greek language, using the Athenaze series as a primary resource. Using the storyline of this text, we will consolidate our grasp of the history and culture of 5th century BCE in Greece. This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS, but it does meet the senior theology requirement.

Advanced Greek 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Greek 1 11th, 12th

This course is a continuation of Greek 2. Advanced Greek goes into further depth on study of the language and covers a broader swath of cultural and historical material. Students will get to read authentic texts in ancient Greek such as Aesop’s Fables, passages adapted from Euripides, and the New Testament. This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS, but it does meet the senior theology requirement.

Latin 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

In the first year of Latin, students develop fundamental skills in the language using readings in Greek mythology, structured conversations, vocabulary and grammar games, and other resources. Students work on mastering first, second, and third declension nouns in all major cases and recognizing verbs in the present, imperfect, perfect, and pluperfect tenses. Students study the cultures of Greece and Rome both in Latin and English in order to gain the background knowledge they will need to understand the readings in more advanced courses.

Latin 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Latin 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

As a continuation of Latin 1, students continue to develop their skills in the language. Students expand their knowledge of the Latin verb system beyond the present indicative, learning to recognize and produce the remaining indicative tenses in all active and passive forms. Students also encounter more sophisticated syntax, including subordinate clauses. We continue to read and translate passages adapted from classical history and mythology. Quintus’ story allows students to explore various aspects of Roman life and culture, from the large-scale historical events of his lifetime to the daily lives of ordinary Romans.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

Honors Latin 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Latin 1, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Honors Latin 2, while similar to Latin 2 in many regards, incorporates additional work drawn from the Oxford Latin Course (OLC) and authentic ancient sources, such as inscriptions, papyri, and graffiti. The class often moves at a faster pace through the material covered in Latin 2. On finishing the second book of the OLC, the class focuses its energy on reading more challenging examples of classical Latin from a variety of ancient authors.

Latin 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Latin 2 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Students expand their knowledge of the Latin verb system to encompass the subjunctive mood. Alongside the subjunctive, they review and consolidate other subordinate clause types and the last common uses of the major cases. Students read excerpts from text of intermediate difficulty drawn from Classical and Late Antiquity and potentially including Medieval, Renaissance, and Neo-Latin authors and the Vulgate Bible to prepare them for the more challenging authors of the Advanced Topics in Latin courses.

Honors Latin 3 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Latin 2/2H, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

While similar to Latin 3, the Honors section covers the material in greater depth and detail in preparation for the following year in Advanced Topics. In addition to reading Classical Latin, we examine Medieval and Renaissance texts, and exercise language skills through English to Latin composition.

Advanced Topics in Latin 1, 2 and 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

In this class, students exclusively read authentic Latin poetry and prose literature by Classical and post-Classical authors, including Cicero, Caesar, Ovid, and Vergil, among others. They will also examine rare books and manuscripts culminating with a paper or oral presentation of their work. In addition, there will be readings from Medieval, Renaissance, and Modern Latin, as well as work in English to Latin composition.

Spanish 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Spanish 1 is an introductory course designed for students who are beginning a formal study of Spanish for the first time. At its completion, students should be able to read, write and converse in a variety of situational contexts using basic vocabulary and grammatical structures. They should also be able to manipulate a variety of regular and irregular present tense verbs, in both written and spoken Spanish.

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Spanish 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 1 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Spanish 2 is a continuation of Spanish 1. The first semester focuses on review, assimilation and expansion of foundational verbs, vocabulary and grammar structures in all areas of expression in the present tense. The second semester is centered on the introduction and study of the preterit tense, then followed by an introduction to the imperfect tense, including how the two tenses work together. At the conclusion of this course, students should be able to read, write and converse in a variety of situational contexts, in both the present and past tenses (indicative mood only).

Honors Spanish 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 1, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Spanish 2 Honors covers the same material as Spanish 2 and uses the same text, but it goes further into more complex grammar structures and uses the vocabulary in relevant and real life situations in a more fast-paced manner. There is a stronger emphasis on conversation, as the class is conducted in full immersion and the students are expected to speak only Spanish in class. The students will continue to learn about the Spanish speaking world with a more in depth view of cultural and historical understanding.

Spanish 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 2 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Spanish 3 is an intermediate course designed for students who want to complete their study of Spanish or desire to prepare for the next level. While it is grammar based, study at this level emphasizes all areas of communication, comprehension, and cultural components (Latin America, Spain, and the U.S.) with an emphasis on natural, effective communication. At the completion of Spanish 3 students should be able to read, write and converse in a variety of situational contexts using a deep context of vocabulary and complex grammatical structures.

Honors Spanish 3 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 2/2H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Honors Spanish 3 is an intermediate course that is designed for students who are passionate about the Spanish language and culture. Students will learn to communicate in the present, past and future using simple tenses in the indicative and subjunctive mode, as well as the imperative mood. Students will also gain familiarity with the compound tenses of both the subjunctive and indicative moods. By the end of the year, students should be able to discuss all aspects of their daily life as it is, as well as hypothetical and future alternatives. The course uses the physical campus, the city of Alexandria, Washington, D.C., songs, short stories, newspaper articles, audio recordings and conversations with native speakers to support student learning with an emphasis on community.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

Spanish 4 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 3 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Spanish 4 is a comprehensive language course designed for those students who are interested in continuing their study of Spanish language and literature.

Classes are conducted in the language, and the students are expected to speak, write, and engage as accurately and confidently as possible as they participate in a rigorous study of grammar, composition, and literature. It is a conversation-based class that uses Spanish and all of its elements to approach concrete and real world themes.

Honors Spanish 4 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Spanish 3/3H, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed for advanced language students who want to improve their ability to communicate in Spanish and learn about the diversity of cultures in the Spanish-speaking world. The course includes a formal introduction to literary analysis, a review of advanced grammar, and conversations about students’ own lives and identities as global citizens.

Spanish 5: Culture and Conversation (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 4/4H 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

Culture and Conversation, as the title implies, relies heavily on student contribution to discussions.

The class centers on becoming better acquainted with our neighbors in Central and South America by studying their culture, including historical-social themes as well as current topics of mutual interest.

Students will listen to authentic video, read articles and literature, write extensively and speak daily.

Grammar and vocabulary will be reviewed but is not a heavy concentration of this level.

Spanish Language Fundamentals through Culture (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Spanish 2, department approval 11th, 12th

improving foundational Spanish language skills.

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This is a full-year course open to juniors and seniors who have successfully completed Spanish 2.

We will review basic Spanish language and grammar while studying a selection of topics and their connections to the Spanish-speaking world. Topics will vary and may include the story of the Spanish language, borders and migration, indigenous rights, magical realism, climate justice and others.

This course will count as the third year of Spanish for our graduation requirement, and juniors who wish to continue with Spanish after successful completion of this course will move on to Spanish 3.

The primary goal of this course is to develop empathy and appreciation for different cultures while

Language and Grammar for Spanish Speakers (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed for students who already have significant language learning experience or stem from a heritage household where students are listening to and speaking Spanish. It is intended for students who may have had limited or no academic instruction in Spanish. Students will fine tune their speaking skills, develop the necessary tools for accurate written expression, and learn the terminology and mechanics of grammar study. This is a one-year course that is intended to cover levels 1, 2, and 3. The study will include the differences between informal, colloquial and formal written and spoken expressions.

Advanced Spanish Language (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This is an advanced level course which uses the AP framework, based on the 6 curricular units of study: Families and Communities, Personal and Public Identities, Beauty & Aesthetics, Science and Technology, Contemporary Life, and Global Challenges. Students cultivate and expand their knowledge of Spanish language and culture by continual exploration of a wide variety of topics. The curriculum is sourced from authentic print material, films, and audio visual recordings aimed at native speakers, with emphasis on the three modes of communication; interpretive, presentational and interpersonal, in preparation for the AP exam. By the end of the year, students should demonstrate increased mastery in all areas of proficiency.

Advanced Spanish Literature (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is intended for the most highly motivated and accomplished student. It is a survey course in Hispanic literature, covering influential authors in a time span from the Medieval to the Golden Age, and the 19th and 20th centuries. The student will learn the historical context associated with the readings, literary terms, critical thinking skills, and analytical writing. In addition to crafting quality essays, the student will participate in literary “tertulias” –– free intellectual discussions –– and prepare presentations and projects that reflect their understanding of the works.

Global Online Academy: Arabic Language Through Culture I (Levels II and III also offered) (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

In addition to bringing Arabic popular culture to life, this course introduces students to the Arabic writing system to communicate in spontaneous spoken conversations on everyday topics. This year-long course focuses on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and some of the spoken dialects of the Levant, Egypt and North Africa. With an emphasis on Arabic culture, students will learn commonly used expressions and phrases to develop their skills in listening, reading, writing, and most importantly, conversation. This will be accomplished through synchronous and asynchronous assignments, conversation sessions with the instructor and a group of peers, instructional videos, discussions about culture, and collaborations on group projects with students from around the globe.

Since Arabic is becoming one of the most functional languages in the world, especially in the areas of commerce, business, and trade, students participating in this course can avail themselves of the opportunity to learn the language in a highly stimulating and rich cultural context.

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Modern and Classical Languages (cont.)

Global Online Academy: Japanese Language Through Culture I (Levels II and III also offered) (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This full-year course is a unique combination of Japanese culture and language, weaving cultural comparison with the study of basic Japanese language and grammar. While examining various cultural topics such as literature, art, lifestyle and economy, students will learn the basics of the Japanese writing system (Hiragana and Katakana), grammar and vocabulary. Through varied synchronous and asynchronous assignments, including hands-on projects and face-to-face communications, students will develop their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills. The cultural study and discussion are conducted in English, with topics alternating every two to three weeks. The ultimate goal of this course is to raise awareness and appreciation of different cultures through learning the basics of the Japanese language. The focus of this course is 60 percent on language and 40 percent on culture. This course is appropriate for beginner-level students.

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Mathematics and Computer Science The Mathematics and Computer Science Department at Episcopal High School strives to offer each student both a challenge and an opportunity to succeed. Emphasis is placed on using applications of “real world” problems to provide a context for students not only to understand the traditional facts and techniques of mathematics, but also to develop the logical reasoning and problem-solving skills that will allow them to approach and solve unfamiliar problems throughout their lives. The Mathematics and Computer Science Department encourages students to pursue the study of mathematics throughout all four years of high school.

Graduation Requirements: 3 credits A minimum of three credits and successful completion of any precalculus course is required in mathematics. A junior is required to take a full year of math and EHS strongly encourages students to take mathematics every semester during their time at Episcopal.

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Mathematics and Computer Science (Cont.)

Algebra 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th

This course introduces students to the essential concepts of Algebra as they develop reasoning and problem-solving skills. Major topics will include Solving equations, inequalities, and systems of equations; the fundamentals of exponents, radicals, and factoring; graphing and understanding linear and quadratic functions. This course will also emphasize the skills necessary to be successful in any math classroom, and it will align with the curriculum in Conceptual Physics to support and reinforce student learning.. Students will be encouraged to develop the initiative necessary to work through challenging problems individually and cooperatively, making appropriate use of resources.

Geometry (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 1 9th, 10th

Students will study Euclidean Geometry, emphasizing problem-solving, proofs, and graphing in the coordinate plane. Topics include properties of figures in two and three dimensions, similarity, congruence, area, and right triangle trigonometry. Students will work collaboratively and be expected to justify and explain their reasoning –– especially in the context of two-column proofs –– and use tools like the free-to-use Geogebra. Though the course will review many algebra topics, a strong foundation in solving and graphing linear equations is expected. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving single variable equations and systems of equations, graphing lines, identifying slopes, and y-intercepts.

Honors Geometry (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 1, department approval 9th, 10th

Students will study Euclidean Geometry with an emphasis on problem-solving, construction, proofs, and graphing in the coordinate plane. Topics include properties of figures in two and three dimensions, similarity, area, volume, and right triangle trigonometry. Students will frequently work collaboratively and be expected to justify and explain their reasoning using tools like a geometer’s compass and the free-to-use graphing software Geogebra. The course is heavily problem-based and designed to develop skills, conceptual understanding, and synthesis of content across topics. Students should be prepared to meet honors-level expectations of challenge and rigor, with homework requirements frequently reaching three hours per week. Familiarity with the following Algebra 1 topics is expected: solving systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios and proportions, irrational numbers, and solving quadratic equations by factoring.

Global Online Academy: Geometry (1.0 credit, summer) Prerequisite: Algebra 1, department approval 9th, 10th

This intensive summer course is designed to provide an accelerated path through the traditional high school geometry curriculum. Focusing on Euclidean geometry, students examine topics relating to parallel lines, similar and congruent triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, and circles. Students can expect to analyze lengths, areas, and volumes of two- and three-dimensional figures and explore transformations and other manipulations. Particular attention is paid to introductory trigonometry with right triangles and the study of circles (radians, sectors, arc length, etc). In addition, the development of a mature, logical thought process will begin through a formal introduction to arguments, deductions, theorems, and proofs. Because this course covers topics that are typically

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presented in a year-long course, students should expect to dedicate 15-20 hours per week during the intensive seven-week summer session.

Algebra 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Geometry 10th, 11th

This course continues the study of algebra, reviews concepts seen in Algebra 1, and serves as a natural extension of the topics covered in Algebra 1. The course prepares students to complete Fundamentals of Precalculus successfully. Topics include proportions, factoring, solving equations and inequalities (including absolute values), solving linear systems with graphing, substitution, elimination, and linear programming. This course’s major focus is solving linear and quadratic functions and equations, along with basic exponential and logarithmic functions and equations. A study of rational and radical functions will also be introduced. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: identifying & graphing linear equations, solving linear equations, identifying & solving basic systems of equations, solving inequalities, simplifying expressions, and using ratios & proportions.

Algebra 2/Trigonometry (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Geometry 9th, 10th, 11th

Designed for students with one or more years of algebra and one full year of geometry, this course continues the study of algebra and reviews work with linear functions and systems. The course introduces various function families, including absolute value, quadratics, exponential, logarithmic, radical, and rational functions. The second semester of the course will introduce the fundamentals of trigonometry and will aim to prepare students for Precalculus. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving single variable and systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios, and proportions, solving quadratic equations by factoring, and solving right triangles using trigonometry.

Honors Algebra 2/Trigonometry (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Geometry, or Honors Geometry, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th

This two-semester, highly accelerated discussion-based course covers a vast breadth of advanced algebra topics. The pace is demanding, and the dense problem sets that students will encounter will be challenging. For students who have completed a thorough study of Algebra I and Geometry, some topics will be familiar, though likely presented in novel contexts; other ideas and techniques will be new. This course is designed to prepare highly motivated students who are interested in striving for EHS’ advanced offerings, including BC Calculus and higher levels. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios, and proportions, and solving quadratic equations by factoring. Students should also have knowledge of functions and function notation and a basic understanding of trigonometry including: sine, cosine, and tangent.

Fundamentals of Precalculus (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 2 11th, 12th

This course begins with a review of linear functions and then moves on to the graphs and transformations of various functions (quadratic, rational, radical, and

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Mathematics and Computer Science (cont.) absolute value). The course continues into a study of the basics of trigonometry. Emphasis is placed on equation solving, graphing, and reinforcing algebraic skills and concepts. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios, and proportions, and solving quadratic equations by factoring.

Precalculus (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trig 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is designed to bridge the connection from Algebra to Calculus. Topics and concepts learned in prior Algebra classes are reinforced, and new topics are introduced. The goal is to deepen mathematical understanding and the ability to synthesize concepts. Topics include functions (polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic), and trigonometry (solving equations, graphing functions, and verifying identities). Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios, and proportions, solving quadratic equations by factoring, and a basic understanding of trigonometry including sine, cosine, and tangent.

Honors Precalculus (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trig or Honors Algebra 2/Trig, department approval 9th, 10th, 11th

This course studies the real and complex number systems and analysis of functions (polynomial, rational, circular, trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, and logistic). It introduces and reinforces the study of vectors in two and three dimensions, parametric functions, analytic geometry, and polar functions. The course introduces calculus through optimization, asymptotic behavior, and limits. Students are expected to apply skills and concepts learned in various novel and challenging ways throughout the course. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving systems of equations, graphing linear equations, ratios, and proportions, solving quadratic equations by factoring, and a basic understanding of trigonometry including sine, cosine, and tangent.

Introduction to Statistics and Applied Mathematics (1.0 credit, full year) 12th

Prerequisite: Fundamentals of Precalculus or Precalculus

In the first semester, this elective course explores how to collect, display, interpret, and analyze statistical data. The semester centers around applying statistical methods to real-world issues with current data sets. In addition to traditional assessments, students will be expected to collaborate with their peers to design their own surveys, collect and analyze the results, and present their findings. The second semester will focus on applying statistical practices to practical applications such as financial literacy and data management. Students will explore financial decision-making, risk management, and investment

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vehicles through statistical analysis.

Calculus (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Precalculus 11th, 12th

This course explores topics in differential calculus and simultaneously reinforces algebraic skills. Understanding and mastery of intermediate skills in algebra and precalculus are expected. Topics include limits, continuity, differential and introductory integral calculus and their applications, including problems in the area of physics, and the role of calculus as a tool for problem-solving is emphasized. This course is open to all students who have completed Precalculus or Honors Precalculus. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving quadratic equations by factoring, identifying parent functions & their properties, identifying & solving polynomial, logarithmic, exponential, rational, & radical equations, familiarity with basic trigonometry & physics.

Advanced Calculus AB (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Precalculus or Honors Precalculus, department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course mirrors a college-level Calculus course that covers limit, differential, and integral calculus. A strong understanding of algebraic skills and Precalculus functions is expected and needed to find success. Students will need to apply skills and concepts learned in various ways. All topics in this course fall under the AP Calculus AB curriculum, though additional study and preparation are advised for those wishing to take the AP exam. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving quadratic equations by factoring, identifying parent functions & their properties, identifying & solving polynomial, logarithmic, exponential, rational, & radical equations, familiarity with basic trigonometry & physics.

Advanced Calculus BC (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Honors Precalculus or department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course mirrors a college-level Calculus course that covers limit, differential, integral polar, parametric, and vector calculus, as well as sequences and series. This course has greater breadth, pace, and depth than AB Calculus. Students are expected to apply skills and concepts learned in various novel and challenging ways throughout the course. This course prepares students to take the AP Calculus BC Exam. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: solving quadratic equations by factoring, identifying parent functions & their properties, identifying & solving polynomial, logarithmic, exponential, rational, & radical equations, familiarity with basic trigonometry & physics.

Advanced Multivariable/Vector Calculus (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Advanced Calculus AB/BC, department approval 11th, 12th

An undergraduate-level exploration of topics in Multivariable Calculus, including multivariable functions, vectors and vector fields, differentiation and integration in multiple variables, line integrals, flux, curl, and Stokes’ Theorem. Students should expect both traditional summative assessments and collaborative problem sets and projects. This course is designed for students who have completed single variable Calculus and are excited to pursue challenging higher level

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Mathematics and Computer Science (cont.) topics in mathematics. It is appropriate for students interested in majoring in math, engineering, or computer science. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: Derivative Calculus, integration, Taylor series, and basic vector operations.

Advanced Linear Algebra (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Advanced Calculus AB/BC, department approval 11th, 12th

An undergraduate-level exploration of topics in Linear Algebra, including matrix Algebra, vector spaces, linear transformations, determinants, eigenvectors, and orthogonality. Students should expect both traditional summative assessments as well as collaborative problem sets and projects exploring applications in Calculus, statistics, probability, and computer science. Students will also develop rudimentary programming skills using MatLab. This course is designed for students who have completed single variable Calculus and are excited to pursue challenging higher level topics in mathematics. It is appropriate for students interested in majoring in math, engineering, or computer science. Familiarity with the following topics is expected: Derivative Calculus, integration, Taylor series, and basic vector operations.

Advanced Statistics (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Honors Algebra 2, Precalculus, or Honors Precalculus, department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course is an introduction to the major concepts of a college-level introductory course in statistics. Students will be expected to select methods for collecting and/or analyzing data for statistical inference, describe patterns, trends, associations, and relationships in data, explore random phenomena using probability and simulation, and develop an explanation or justify a conclusion using evidence from data, definitions, or statistical inference. Units include one and two-variable statistics, collecting data, probability and sampling distributions, and statistical inference for categorical and quantitative data. This course prepares students to take the AP Statistics Exam.

Global Online Academy: Computer Science I: Conceptual Thinking (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer) Prerequisite: Honors Geometry, Algebra 2

Computational thinking centers on solving problems, designing systems, and understanding human behavior. It has applications not only in computer science but also myriad other fields of study. This introductory-level course focuses on thinking like a computer scientist, especially understanding how computer scientists define and solve problems. Students begin the course by developing an understanding of what computer science is, how it can be used by people who are not programmers, and why it’s a useful skill for all people to cultivate. Within this context, students are exposed to the power and limits of computational thinking. Students are introduced to entry-level programming constructs that help them apply their knowledge of computational thinking in practical ways. They learn how to read code and pseudocode as well as begin to develop strategies for debugging programs. By developing computational thinking and programming skills, students will have the core knowledge to define and solve problems in future computer science courses. While this course would be beneficial for any student without formal training as a programmer or computer scientist, it is intended for those with no programming experience.

Computer Science and Data Analytics (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trig 10th, 11th, 12th

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Blending mathematics, statistics, and computer programming, this course provides an introduction to computer science and the emerging field of data science. Students will analyze large sets of data from areas such as the financial sector, retail sales, sports analytics, healthcare industry, and social networking platforms looking for patterns and trends. Using the open-source computer language R, students will identify regularities within a data set, exposing secrets and making original discoveries. Sample projects include gathering vast amounts of data about consumers to predict shopping habits and analyzing sports statistics to evaluate an athlete’s value and performance.

Advanced 3D Modeling, Computer Aided Design & Manufacturing (0.5 credit, fall only) Corequisite: Precalculus 10th, 11th, 12th

Coursework will cover introductory and advanced 3D modeling, introduction to simulation, manufacturing design principles, and project management. This course uses the open-source modeling software Autodesk Fusion 360 to create multifaceted designs. Students will explore real-world applications to devise models from an initial design to a final physical product. The projects will guide students through an exploration of computer science, mathematics, science, and engineering. Sample projects include developing mechanical components, creating fullscale blueprints of a modular house, and analyzing production output data to optimize efficiency. In addition, students will be given opportunities to gain skills and knowledge needed in the product development and manufacturing industry.

Advanced Computer Science (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trig, department approval 10th, 11th, 12th

This course introduces students to the foundational topics of computer science such as design strategies, data structures, algorithms, and logic-based decision making. Students will learn the fundamentals of the Java programming language and will use programming tools to solve complex problems through hands-on experiences and examples. This course is meant to be the equivalent of a first-semester college course in computer science, and prepares students to take the AP Exam.

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Advanced Computer Science: Data Structures, Algorithms, and Computer Architecture (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Advanced Computer Science, department approval

This course is a college-level continuation of Advanced Computer Science for students who succeed in the Advanced Computer Science course and remain interested in the subject. The course is designed to improve students’ skills as coders and algorithmic thinkers. The first semester of the course uses the Java language and explores common ways that computer scientists store and access data, the trade offs between these data structures, and how different data structures can be used to solve specific problems in the real world. Students will learn to code famous algorithms like Dijkstra’s, Kruskal’s, and binary search, and they will write their own fully-functioning hash table. The second semester is a deep dive into the design of computers, during which students will learn exactly how a computer works internally, and how combinations of ones and zeros produce everything we know about technology today. It’s not magic!

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Science Episcopal believes that a comprehensive understanding of the scientific process is essential for informed decision-making and responsible citizenship in an increasingly complex and technical world. The science curriculum is designed to build a strong foundation in the core scientific disciplines, with students introduced to physics in the ninth grade, followed by chemistry in the tenth grade, and biology in the eleventh grade.

Teachers integrate interdisciplinary skills, concepts, and real-world problems into their instruction to promote scientific literacy. Students are expected to apply knowledge from prior courses to deepen their understanding in subsequent classes. Laboratory work is not merely a supplement but an integral component of each course, fostering hands-on learning and scientific inquiry.

Graduation Requirement: 2 credits Students are required to earn at least two credits in laboratory science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology), the last of which must be earned at EHS. Episcopal strongly encourages students to take more than two lab science credits, as many colleges expect students to have three or four science credits.

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Science (cont.)

Physics (1.0 credit, full year) 9th

This introductory course emphasizes fundamental physics principles and their real-world applications. The first semester focuses on mechanics, while the second semester explores electricity, waves, sound, and light. Class time includes hands-on activities, collaborative group work, and both qualitative and quantitative laboratory experiments. Demonstrations and problem-solving exercises reinforce key concepts and develop students’ analytical skills.

Conceptual Physics (1.0 credit, full year) Corequisite: Algebra 1 9th

Designed for students co-enrolled in Algebra 1, this course emphasizes a conceptual understanding of physics. The first semester introduces waves, sound, and light before progressing to mechanics. Mathematical problem-solving is introduced at an appropriate level, and the course curriculum is aligned to support and reinforce lessons learned in Algebra 1. Students engage in frequent hands-on activities, experiments, and demonstrations to connect principles to everyday experiences. Only students concurrently enrolled in Algebra 1 are eligible to take Conceptual Physics.

Intermediate Physics (1.0 credit, full year) 11th, 12th

This course is a survey of many topics that comprise the study of basic science and Physics: measurement, experimental design, data collection and analysis, mechanics, energy, sound, electricity, magnetism, and light. The presentation is complemented by a mathematical component at an appropriate level supported by demonstrations and hands-on lab, study, and projects. The goal is to connect principles with everyday experiences.

Advanced Physics 1 (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Completion of Honors Algebra 2 Trig or Precalculus or higher math course or co-enrolled in Honors Precalculus or higher. Expectations in this course include a grade of 95 in their previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors- or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work independently and with others in a variety of classroom situations. Department approval.

11th, 12th

This course serves as a physics survey and as a proper introduction for those who may go on to further technical studies in college. The course covers many of the same areas as an introductory physics course focusing on mechanics, however the approach is more analytical and makes free use of algebra and trigonometry. Frequent laboratory experiments are an important component of the class.

Advanced Physics C (1.0 credit, full year)

Corequisite: Calculus or higher math course. Expectations in this course include a grade of 95 in their previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations.

Department approval.

11th, 12th

This is a college-level course for those who are considering majoring in science or engineering. The class focuses on classical mechanics and prepares stu-

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dents to take the AP Physics C Mechanics exam. Calculus is used in problem-solving. Frequent laboratory experiments are an important component of the class.

Chemistry Fundamentals (1.0 credit, full year) 10th

This course builds a strong foundation in chemistry through engaging projects and investigative labs. Students explore atomic structure, the periodic table, bonding, and chemical reactions while developing problem-solving skills through inquiry and collaboration. Labs incorporate modern techniques like temperature and pH sensors, titration, computational modeling, and statistical graphing. Structured lab reports strengthen data analysis and communication skills.

While fostering a deep conceptual understanding of introductory chemistry, please note, this course does not fulfill the prerequisite for Advanced Chemistry.

Honors Chemistry (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: 95 or above in the full year of the previous science course, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations. Corequisite: Honors Algebra 2 Trigonometry or higher math course. Department approval.

10th

Honors Chemistry is an advanced comprehensive high school chemistry course. The Honors class requires significant independent effort and moves more quickly through the foundations of chemistry to allow more time for advanced topics and labs. This course places emphasis on fundamental concepts, such as principles of chemical reactions & chemical bonding, as well as the application of these principles to descriptive chemistry. Experiments play an integral part in the course and help students discover basic principles for themselves. Topics include atomic theory, the periodic table, bonding, formulas, reactions, solutions, acids, bases, stoichiometry, and an introduction to equilibrium. Students are required to have strong math skills & a solid foundation in the physical sciences.

Advanced Chemistry (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: 90 or above in the full year of Honors Chemistry or by department permission. Corequisite: Honors Algebra 2 Trigonometry or higher math course. Expectations in this course include active participation in class and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations.

Department approval.

11th, 12th

This course is the equivalent of an introductory college-level chemistry course. Students who successfully complete this course should be well prepared to take the AP chemistry exam in May. In this class we reinforce the chemical principles learned in introductory Honors-level chemistry courses including periodic properties of elements, chemical formulas and equations, states of matter, stoichiometry, and chemical bonding. Students in this course will also include new quantitative topics such as chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium, and thermodynamics. The goal is for students to attain an in-depth understanding of fundamental concepts and to develop competence in dealing with general chemistry problems.

Biology (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Chemistry 11th, 12th

Biology introduces students to the fundamentals of the study of life. It encompasses essential concepts needed to explain our natural world and their interdependence with the environment. The course covers, but is not limited to: cells, biochemistry, genetics, biotechnology, evolution, ecology and human biology.

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Science (cont.)

Students focus on the study of biological processes, structures and functions at multiple levels of organization. They explore patterns, processes, and systems in order to understand the fundamental principles of living organisms. The course strengthens the development of analytical science skills, critical thinking, problem-solving and the practical application of technology and use of scientific tools. Students are active learners. They collect, analyze and interpret data working both independently and collaboratively in the classroom and laboratory. The ultimate goal is for students to have a deeper understanding of the world through an examination of the underlying processes and mechanisms of life.

Advanced Biology (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Chemistry. Expectations in this course include a grade of 95 in their previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors- or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations. Department approval.

11th, 12th

This course is the equivalent of an introductory college-level biology course. Core material includes fundamental principles of biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, cell biology, and organismal biology. These topics will address the structure and regulation of proteins, how such molecules are integrated into cells, the role of genes, the internal regulation of body systems, and the interactions of organisms. Special topics may include cancer biology, infectious diseases, and neurobiology. Students will be challenged to apply their understanding in search of the “why”. Laboratory work will support the major themes of the curriculum, including modern genetic techniques and biotechnology. Other integral aspects to the course are attention to current scientific literature, project-based learning, hands-on activities, and student-led seminars.

Advanced Energy, Climate, and Sustainable Actions (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

Prerequisite: A grade of 95 in previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations. Department approval.

11th, 12th

This course will examine the topics surrounding energy production, climate change and sustainability. It will explore both the science of climate change and the human-related causes of climate change with a focus on how the need for energy drives greenhouse gas emissions. The course will also examine different ways in which governments and organizations can respond to climate change both in terms of mitigation and adaptation, with a focus on sustainable practices.

Current events, lab activities and off-campus experiences will guide learning with a goal of students presenting sustainable action plans for either the school community or their local community.

Advanced Environmental Science (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Chemistry and Biology. Expectations in this course include a grade of 95 in their previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors- or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations.

Department approval.

12th

This course delves into the intricacies of the natural world and its complex interrelationships, with a focus on evaluating human impact on the environment.

Utilizing both regional and global ecosystems as examples, students will be introduced to the scientific concepts and principles necessary to comprehend the

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relationships between abiotic and biotic components. Students will combine hands-on fieldwork and ArcGIS software to create and analyze maps to illustrate the impact of abiotic components on the living world. This program emphasizes the use of data for projecting the effects of environmental changes, and involves the collection and interpretation of longitudinal data from a pond and watershed. Assessments include tests, quizzes, projects, presentations, map production, participation in class discussions, lab reports, and lab tests. This course includes a mandatory trip to the Chesapeake Bay on the weekend of September 13-14, 2025.

Advanced Engineering (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Physics, and corequisite: Advanced Calculus. Expectations in this course include a grade of 95 in their previous regular science course or evidence of success in honors- or advanced-level science courses, active participation in class, and demonstrated ability to work with others in a variety of classroom situations. Department approval.

12th

This course utilizes previously learned science and higher-level mathematics to investigate several facets of problem-solving aspects in engineering. In addition to the hands-on emphasis of the course, it exposes students to software that is specific to engineering areas such as analog and digital input, structural design modeling, control systems, and programming. Other topics may include material properties, fluid dynamics, fuel cells, work design and ergonomics, operations models and production planning.

Astronomy (0.5 credit, fall only) 11th, 12th

In this elective course, students will explore the study of celestial objects, space, and the physical universe. The focus will be on star formation and stellar evolution, with special emphasis on our sun and how it compares to other stars. Through data analysis and scientific inquiry, students will investigate stellar properties, life cycles, and the fundamental forces shaping the cosmos. Hands-on activities and observational studies will enhance their understanding of astronomical phenomena.

Botany (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 11th, 12th

This elective course focuses on hands-on project work in the field and lab, to introduce students to visual plant identification. Students learn to use leaf shapes, branching patterns, and the parts of flowers to identify plants. Students learn botanical terms through lab work and fieldwork in the EHS Greenhouse, the campus gardens, Laird Acres, and beyond.

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Science (cont.)

Engineering (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Physics, and corequisite: Precalculus.

11th, 12th

This course utilizes previously learned science principles with practical engineering applications. The course is hands-on with emphasis on student projects that incorporate data collection and processing, design drawings and modeling, and spreadsheet analysis. Topics may include roller coasters, robotics and programming, structural engineering, material properties, batteries and fuel cells, and optical instrumentation.

Evolutionary Biology and Immunology (0.5 credit, spring only) Corequisite: Biology 11th, 12th

In this elective course, students will investigate the evolutionary foundations of illness. By connecting principles of evolution, ecology, genetics, and our immune system; students will understand why humans get sick. Through lab work, critical thinking exercises, and group discussions, students will explore why certain diseases persist, how our immune system adapts, and what factors contribute to individual differences in disease resistance. By the end of the course, students will gain a deeper understanding of how the same evolutionary forces that drive human adaptation also influences our vulnerability to illness.

Neuroscience (0.5 credit, fall only) Corequisite: Biology 11th, 12th

In this elective course, students will examine how the internal and external environments influence the brain to shape perception, regulate body functions, and drive behavior. To assist with this examination, the course will cover fundamental principles of brain architecture, including key structures, neural pathways, and neurotransmitters. Through research, case studies, labs, and data analysis, students will examine the biological foundations of identity, gaining insight into the factors that make each individual unique.

Psychology (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 11th, 12th

This elective course provides an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course surveys several of the major sub-disciplines of the field, including units on neuroscience, methodology and ethics of psychological research, learning and memory, sleep, stress, and psychopathology.

Lessons, activities, and readings emphasize the scientific underpinnings of the prevailing theories and their applications and encourage an understanding of the student’s world and experiences through this scientific lens.

Robotics, Engineering, and Programming (0.5 credit, spring only) 11th, 12th

This one-semester elective class introduces students to robot components, basic mechanics, and programming fundamentals, with hands-on projects that culminate in designing, building, and programming a robot to complete a specific task using advanced techniques for autonomous functionality. Students will utilize the engineering design process to design and build the drivetrain and interaction mechanisms for the robot, program both autonomous and driver-controlled behavior, and use sensors to improve robotic functioning.

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Social Studies The Social Studies Department prepares students to be intelligent citizens and critical thinkers by introducing them to the origins and workings of the societies –– local, national, and international –– to which they belong. The department embraces a historical core curriculum built on four foundational courses: 21st Century Civics and Comparative Global Studies for freshmen; Modern World History for sophomores; and United States History or American Studies for juniors. Each course is a survey of the human experience, combining the higher-order thinking skills of organization, analysis, and synthesis of the information. These courses and approaches form the foundation for upper-level classes in which juniors and seniors have the opportunity to pursue areas of interest and expand their perspectives in a variety of elective courses.

Graduation requirement: 2 credits Modern World History and United States History or American Studies (or their Honors or Advanced equivalents) are required.

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Social Studies (cont.)

21st Century Civics (0.5 credit, fall only) 9th

During this one semester course, students will investigate the essential concepts of civics, including the foundational knowledge of how governments function, the US Constitution, the three branches of government, elections, voting and civil rights. However, students will go beyond merely studying this content but will also learn how to apply it. Students will practice being engaged, active, and well-informed citizens who use the tactics of civics to change their communities –– big and small –– as they collaborate on an action project, drawing on their knowledge gained from studying changemakers in US History. Throughout this course, students will be introduced to the skills of the discipline (thinking critically, reading for content, researching and analyzing primary sources, writing effectively, working cooperatively, and communicating orally), as well as practice the essential academic skills (note-taking, active studying techniques, annotating, organization, time management).

Comparative Global Studies (0.5 credit, spring only) 9th

This coursex examines the dynamic relationship between people, places, and the environments in which they live in all regions of the world. This course explores spatial patterns, cultural and identity landscapes, and global interconnections that shape human societies. Students will develop geographic literacy and interdisciplinary thinking to analyze how human history and activities influence the world. As a globalized and interconnected world continues to evolve, understanding spatial relationships and human-environment interactions is crucial. Episcopal High School, with its commitment to experiential learning and global engagement, provides an ideal setting for this course. Students will also continue to practice the fundamental skills of reading, writing, research, presentation, discussion, and critical thinking that will prepare them for future social studies courses at Episcopal.

Modern World History (1.0 credit, full year) 10th

Modern World History explores important global historical developments from the mid-1800s to the present and encourages students to become advanced historical-thinkers while learning about history from different perspectives. The course begins by looking at the changes wrought by the Industrial Revolution, the impact of nineteenth-century new imperialism in Africa and Asia, the causation of World War I, and the historical context of the Holocaust. During the second part of the course, students trace how World War II, the Cold War, decolonization, and globalization have defined and shaped the modern world.

Along with encountering these historical topics, students learn to think like historians by analyzing and deciphering primary and secondary sources, forming and shaping their own evidence-based arguments, and acquiring and employing discipline-specific critical lenses. Assignments stress the development of students’ abilities to produce knowledge through writing, class discussion, presentations, and research. At the end of the course, students apply their skills and knowledge to pursue a research topic of their own choosing, culminating in a substantive capstone paper and presentation.

Honors Modern World History (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Department approval 10th

The Honors MWH course explores the same content as the Modern World history course, but with a more in-depth look at the multi-narrative nature of history, fostering an understanding of historiography. Students learn to think like historians by analyzing and deciphering primary and secondary sources, forming and shaping their own evidence-based arguments, and acquiring and employing discipline-specific critical lenses. Assignments stress the development of students’ abilities to produce knowledge through writing, class discussion, presentations, and research. At the end of the course, students apply their skills

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and knowledge to pursue a research topic of their own choosing, culminating in a substantive capstone paper and presentation.

American Studies (2 credits–1 Social Studies and 1 English, full year) Prerequisites: Genre Studies, Modern World History 11th

America as place, America as people, America as culture, America as an idea–in all its manifestations, America is complex, capacious, and changing. American Studies is for the student interested in exploring the complexities of what it is to be an American, by studying the experiences and values of the people of the United States as embodied in their history, literature, and culture, including art, music, politics, fashion, food, dance, religion, folklore, and media. By taking as our particular focus the place and people of Washington, D.C., this class seeks to empower students to confront with historical awareness the most pressing problems that face American society. American Studies will meet for two class periods each day, allowing time for an in-depth study of American history, literature, and culture, as well as for many off-campus experiences and alternative assessments, such oral history, performance, debates, and other forms of rigorous, creative expression. American Studies students can expect to read critically , and to work in and out of class on developing their technical and creative capacities as researchers and writers. This course fulfills both the U.S. History and English requirements, including the American Literature and writing requirement.

Advanced American Studies (2 credits–1 Social Studies and 1 English, full year) Prerequisites: Genre Studies, Honors Modern World History or Modern World History 11th

America as place, America as people, America as culture, America as an idea–in all its manifestations, America is complex, capacious, and changing. American Studies is for the student interested in exploring the complexities of what it is to be an American, by studying the experiences and values of the people of the United States as embodied in their history, literature, and culture, including art, music, politics, fashion, food, dance, religion, folklore, and media. By taking as our particular focus the place and people of Washington, D.C., this class seeks to empower students to confront with historical awareness the most pressing problems in American society. American Studies will meet for two class periods each day, allowing time for an in-depth study of American history, literature, and culture, as well as for many off-campus experiences and alternative assessments, such oral history, performance, debates, and other forms of rigorous, creative expression. Advanced American Studies students should be prepared to read critically, to write with clarity and nuance, and to form well organized and creative extended arguments. This course fulfills both the U.S. History and English requirements, including the American Literature and writing requirement.

United States History (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Modern World History or Modern World History 11th

U.S. History is a survey course guided by four overarching themes: Identity, Democracy, Economic Expansion, and America in the World. Students will learn about key people, events and issues critical to an understanding of U.S. history. In the process, they will develop research, analytic, writing and presentation skills. Readings will include diverse voices and students will hone historical thinking skills as they engage with both primary and secondary sources, including Episcopal’s own archives. The many historical and governmental resources in the Washington, D.C., area will serve as a parallel, experiential classroom.

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Social Studies (cont.)

Advanced United States History (1.0 credit, full year)

Prerequisite: Modern World History or Modern World History, department approval 11th

Advanced U.S. History is a survey course designed to challenge students to develop a deep understanding of the American past. Beginning in the late fifteenth century, students will study critical turning points through the twenty-first century. Readings will include diverse voices and students will hone historical thinking skills as they engage with both primary and secondary sources, including Episcopal’s own archives. The course will prepare students to take the AP exam and will utilize opportunities to learn outside of the classroom in the Washington, D.C., area.

Advanced Global Studies: The History and Politics of Food (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Have you ever wondered where your food comes from? Or if your food is safe to consume? Or perhaps you’ve wondered about how food in the past influenced major historical events? This course discusses how various foodstuffs changed the course of world history and the issues around our contemporary food supply. The first quarter introduces the importance of food in cultural development, and covers topics such as the major trade routes, the Columbian Exchange, and battles fought to ensure access to food supplies. The second half of the course will address the modernization of food supply in the early 20th century (the birth of the supermarket, invention of frozen food, and ability to can and box food for GIs fighting overseas), with the last weeks devoted to examining the issues related to our food supply today (equity in healthy food access, slaughterhouses, fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotics, GMOs, carbon footprint, and food labeling). This course is a social science course not only examining history, but also the geography, politics, sociology and economics of food, with a heavy emphasis on skills.

Advanced Global Studies: Middle East (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This one-semester course explores the diversity of cultures in the Middle East region and considers the complex political, historical, religious, economic, cultural, and ethnic factors that play a part in Middle East issues. This course focuses on how the cultural traditions throughout the region have intersected with modern nationalism to create challenging situations—from the Balkans to Afghanistan. Time is spent considering the variety of perspectives in each country, looking closely at the history leading up to the Arab spring and current turmoil in the region. Students write analytical essays and film reflections, read Arab literature, engage in daily discussions, as well as complete a research project focused on the country they chose at the beginning of the course. In the Washington, D.C., area, students can visit the Smithsonian museums, various Embassies, and cultural institutions.

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Advanced Global Studies: Communism (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Out of the political ideologies conceived in the nineteenth century, none did more to shape the course of twentieth-century history than Communism. This course will examine the history of Communism, from early ideas about forming a more egalitarian and humane social order in the early 19th century to the collapse of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. We will study Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’ theory of Communism, Communist revolutions, and how Communist states structured their economies and governments around Marxism or variations of it. While we will pay close attention to the Soviet Union, we will also study Communism in the People’s Republic of China, Soviet bloc countries in Eastern Europe, Vietnam, and Cambodia, and communist movements in Latin America and newly-formed African states from the 1960s to the 1980s. We will consider the reasons for Communism’s widespread appeal in industrialized and non-industrialized parts of the world and how nation-states reconciled Marxism with the realities of governance. We will closely examine the Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union, dedicating close attention to “hot zones” where the United States actively intervened in regional conflicts to curb the spread of communism. Finally, this class will consider communism as a distinctive “civilization” with a particular set of cultural practices, habits, and traditions that came to shape the daily lives of people living under it.

Advanced Global Studies: Latin America (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This course uses a thematic and chronological approach to provide students the opportunity to study the modern history of Latin America. We begin with the struggle for power between the Spanish and their colonial subjects that led to Latin American independence and then dive into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries by focusing on topics like state formation, economic exploitation, liberalism vs conservatism, the role of the Catholic church, slavery and emancipation and the struggle for indigenous rights and identity. With an area as large and diverse as Latin America, the course uses case studies of events and issues that illustrate broader themes in the region. Students get the opportunity to serve as the “expert” for one Latin American nation throughout the semester so they can teach their classmates and apply what they are learning to develop a big picture understanding of the historical events that have shaped the unique character of the country. Class discussions are guided in such a way that the history of the region will shed light on the present and therefore enable students to better understand current events and analyze potential problems that might arise in the future. Participation is critical for success and is assessed on a daily basis through short quizzes and graded discussion. There are no traditional tests in the class. Students write analytical essays after each unit and complete a final digital project focused on the country they chose at the beginning of the course. In the Washington, D.C., area, students can visit the Smithsonian National Gallery of Art, various Embassies, and cultural institutions.

Advanced Macroeconomics (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This course is designed to provide students with an introductory understanding and vocabulary in order to grasp essential macroeconomic concepts and measurements. The course begins with an exploration of how macro economists and central bankers use gross domestic product, unemployment, and inflation to

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Social Studies (cont.) understand the health of economies. Students then learn about how governments use fiscal, monetary, and supply-side policy measures to stabilize economies. The course also analyzes the role of banking and finance in a capitalist free-market system and looks at how countries engage in trade with attention to foreign exchange markets. The course concludes with a unit on personal finance. This is a fast-paced course, requiring students to be independent learners with a strong grasp of basic arithmetic, mathematical functions, and graphing skills.

Advanced Microeconomics (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This course serves as an introduction to the general study of economics as well as an exploration of the behavior of firms (companies, corporations) and consumers. It begins by looking at how opportunity cost, trade-offs, and supply and demand act as threshold concepts in the study of economics. Students then learn about costs that firms face and how firms in different market structures behave. The course concludes by exploring the ways in which the capitalist free-market system sometimes fails to provide the socially optimal level of goods and services. This is a fast-paced course, requiring students to be independent learners with a strong grasp of basic arithmetic, mathematical functions, and graphing skills.

Advanced Research Seminar: Digital History (0.5 credit, not offered in 2025-26)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Students learn how to use digital tools to conduct original research and design their own web-based projects. This hands-on course starts with an exploration of the many ways historical sources and narratives are presented using digital platforms and the opportunities and challenges associated with moving away from an “analog” or more traditional approach. There are amazing projects to explore, including podcasts, digital archives and uniquely created data visualizations to name a few categories. Students learn to use a variety of digital tools and the course culminates in the creation of a web-based project that will be a part of our site: ehshistoryproject.org. The final project allows students the opportunity to do a deep dive into a topic in history of particular interest to them. Assessments are project-based and begin with smaller assignments, eventually culminating in the final project that will hopefully be of high enough quality that it can be a part of our public website. Throughout the semester students will hone their presentation skills as an added bonus.

Advanced Research Seminar: History of Place: EHS, Virginia, D.C. (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This seminar course examines four key turning-point eras that are important for understanding the historical “place” of Episcopal High School. As a school founded in 1839, less than ten miles from the White House, the course will start with a deep dive into the Early Republic era and the creation of the District of Columbia (1790-1820). Students will then study the antebellum and Civil War eras (1830-1865) in Virginia and D.C., Reconstruction and the early Jim Crow time period (1865-1900) and the era of World War II and the modern civil rights struggle (1940-1970). Throughout the course students will read compelling secondary sources and engage in seminar-style discussions. Students will also conduct original primary source research in online digital archives, the EHS

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archives and other local repositories. Assessments will consist of graded discussions, end of unit short papers drawing on primary sources and secondary literature, and a culminating digital project focused on a unique aspect of EHS history.

Advanced Research Seminar: World War & European Society (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This advanced course, taught in the format of a Harkness seminar, traces the history of European diplomacy and society from the eve of World War I to the conclusion of World War II, attempting to understand how and why two massive global conflicts occurred in such a short span of time. Although the conflict was global in nature, the course focuses on the actions of European countries and citizens and how these two wars dramatically changed European society. A major objective is to develop an understanding of the role choices, both at the national and individual level, played in bringing about these two catastrophic events. Students will read challenging primary and secondary sources in preparation for daily, student-led discussion. Students will be assessed on the basis of their daily participation, two analytical essays, a film critique, research paper, and memorial design. This course assumes students enter with strong reading skills as well as familiarity with the research process and Chicago-style citations (or are willing to seek additional support during Office Hours to develop these skills).

Advanced U.S. Government (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

Prerequisite: Modern World History, department approval; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

From The Holy Hill to Capitol Hill, this seminar covers some of the most important and interesting topics in the U.S. Government, with a heavy emphasis on current events and their relevance in the daily lives of Episcopal High School students. We take a civil, non-partisan journey into the meanings of Democracy, the Constitution, civil rights and liberties, public opinion & the media, campaign & elections, and the institutions of the U.S. Government, focusing heavily on the decision-making process at the federal level. Students write position papers, prepare high-level briefings, craft their own piece of legislation, and prepare a Congressional campaign plan. The class takes advantage of Episcopal’s proximity to the Nation’s Capital to speak with diverse U.S. government officials firsthand. Ultimately this class prepares students to become more thoughtful & well-informed about some of the most important issues of the day. This course does not prepare students for the Government AP exam.

Architectural History (0.5 credit, spring only)

Corequisite: Modern World History, Honors Modern World History 10th, 11th, 12th

The buildings where we dwell shape us and often reflect who we are, both as individuals and as a society. They reflect our cultural values, and echo those of the past. This course will offer students the opportunity to examine the built environment, and how buildings and interior design reflect the values and technology of the time in which they were created. While considering their own philosophy on architecture, students will also come to better understand the architecture that exists in their own world and environment, taking advantage of the rich offerings in the Washington, D.C., and northern Virginia region. The approach to our study in this course will be to examine case studies of the iconic buildings from many historical eras in chronological order. Students will also

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Social Studies (cont.) be introduced to the basic skills of hand drafting, which they will employ, along with research, writing and presenting a final project and portfolio, which will be a culmination of smaller research/drafting assignments throughout the semester.

20th Century U.S. History through Film: “Reel History” (0.5 credit, fall only)

Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

This course is about viewing the history of the United States as it has been depicted in film over the course of the last century. We will examine the ways that film has both portrayed and reflected the events that have shaped this country. This course will emphasize using historical thinking skills such as contextual analysis, comparison, continuity, and change over time to grasp the larger context of American history through films from the early 1900s to 2000s.

This course will allow students to dive deeper into American history by seeing how films created during certain periods reflected the cultural atmosphere in the country at the time, as well as how the individuals responsible for creating the films wanted the audience to receive their work. Like all art forms, films can capture the essence of society and culture, but in a more controlled and nuanced way. Overall, the vision for this course is to look at American History through the lens of a camera.

Entrepreneurial Studies (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 12th

What is it like to be an entrepreneur? What does it mean to think like an entrepreneur? This course provides an introduction to entrepreneurism through discussion, off-campus visits to local enterprises and hands-on projects. You will be asked to present, defend and refine your ideas on a daily basis. We will also invite actual entrepreneurs, from a variety of industries and backgrounds, into our classroom to tell their stories. This is not a lecture-based course. You will learn by doing and engaging with actual business and nonprofit leaders. Most importantly, you will have the opportunity to follow your own creative interests and develop a business or social enterprise plan which could form the basis for an actual enterprise now or down the road.

Global Studies: Africa (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Modern World History; Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Global Studies: Africa is a course that explores the diverse continent of Africa from its earliest civilizations to current life. As a more interdisciplinary course, students experience the history, literature, language, art, music and food of Africa. In the Washington, D.C., area, students can visit the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, National Museum of African American History and Culture, and local African restaurants. Sometimes the option exists to visit a local embassy. Assessments emphasize presentation skills and geographical awareness, as well as added research for juniors continuing the course in May.

Introduction to Constitutional Law (0.5 credit, spring only)

Corequisite: Advanced United States History, United States History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Do you have a “right” to privacy? Freedom from illegal searches and seizures, due process, free speech, equality – are you interested in exploring and understanding the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed in the United States Constitution? The general substance of this course includes an overview of

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the United States Constitution, structure of the United States government with a focus on the role of the judicial branch, and individual rights through the prism of United States Supreme Court decisions. Students will be acquainted with the logic, structure, and style of United States Supreme Court opinions.

Major topics include the power of the judiciary, the Fourth Amendment, the Fourteenth Amendment due process and equal protection clauses, freedom of expression, freedom of religion, and the evolving doctrines of the “right” to privacy. Students will leave this course with the ability to evaluate modern day constitutional issues. Students will also have the opportunity to attend an oral argument at the Supreme Court of the United States.

Introduction to Microeconomics (0.5 credit, fall only)

Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

The purpose of this course is to introduce the student to the interactions between consumers and producers we call “the market.” We look at what motivates the behavior of both consumers and producers and we examine different types of markets to understand how they work, and why they usually work so well in allocating goods and services. We also examine some situations where markets are not so effective and discuss the types of interventions that could be considered by governments. Current issues such as environmental regulation, healthcare provision, funding education, and international trade will be explored with student projects. As in any economics course a picture is worth a thousand words and that means graphs, but in this introductory course the use of graphs will be limited mostly to supply and demand and the more complex economic models of an advanced course will not be used. Assignments will include many current events articles and YouTube videos.

Introduction to U.S. Government (0.5 credit, fall only)

Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

Are you interested in developing a greater understanding of how the U.S. government works? This course introduces students to some of the most important and interesting topics in the U.S. Government, with a heavy emphasis on examining current events from multiple perspectives and their relevance in the daily lives of Episcopal High School students. We explore the Constitution, civil rights and liberties, public opinion & the media, campaign & elections, and the institutions of the U.S. Government. The class takes advantage of Episcopal’s proximity to the Nation’s Capital not only to host U.S. government officials on campus for discussions but also to visit locations in D.C. to watch firsthand the government in action. Ultimately this class prepares students to become more thoughtful and well-informed community members about some of the most important issues of the day.

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Leadership Theory: Washington D.C. and U.S. Institutions (0.5 credit, fall only) Prerequisite: Modern World History 11th/12th

Why must leaders demonstrate moral and intellectual courage to build stronger communities for all those who live in the United States? What constitutional, cultural, legal, historic, and economic forces make leadership in institutions in the U.S. republic unique? What leadership traits, styles, and processes do leaders use to meet objectives in the U.S. republic? Multiple evening talks (six to eight over a semester) will be arranged with leaders from politics, government agencies, educational institutions, non-profit organizations, and financial entities over the course of the semester. Students in this class will also visit leaders in their work environments during flex blocks. Throughout the semester, students will be asked to compare leadership styles and traits across sectors to demonstrate a deeper understanding of the unique nature of leadership in the U.S. republic. Limited to juniors and seniors. Students may take only one leadership theory class.

Leadership Theory: Washington D.C. and International Institutions (0.5 credit, spring only) Prerequisite: Modern World History 11th/12th

What cultural, legal, historic, and economic forces make leadership in international institutions possible? What leadership traits, styles, and processes do leaders use to meet objectives in organizations with global reach? Why must leaders demonstrate moral and intellectual courage to build stronger communities for all? Multiple evening talks (six to eight over a semester) will be arranged with leading figures from international political, diplomatic, cultural, and economic institutions. Examples include (but are not limited to) the United Nations, World Health Organization, International Monetary Fund, and World Bank. Students in this class will also visit leaders in their work environments during flex blocks. Throughout the semester, students will be asked to compare leadership styles and traits across sectors and international institutions. Limited to juniors and seniors. Students may take only one leadership theory class.

Legal Principles and Trial Advocacy (0.5 credit, fall only)

Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

There is no greater skill than that of persuasive advocacy. A mock trial provides the optimal experience to develop this skill in a hands-on, engaging setting.

Learn about formulating trial strategy and the conduct of a courtroom. Using hypothetical cases, students will be introduced to all aspects of legal trial advocacy, including trial preparation, jury selection and voir dire, opening statements, direct and cross-examinations of witnesses, evidentiary rules, and closing arguments. Students will practice these advocacy skills on a weekly basis. Students will also observe live trials at courts in Washington, D.C., and Virginia, and be mentored by trial attorneys. The final assessment and culmination of the course is a trial in front of a practicing judge in Washington, D.C.

In the Graveyard: Unearthing American History (0.5 credit, spring only)

Corequisite: Advanced U.S. History, U.S. History, American Studies, or Advanced American Studies 11th, 12th

How do we memorialize those who have died and what does that tell us about ourselves? To what extent are American burial grounds uniquely American?

Why have American cemeteries and grave markers changed over time? These are just a few of the questions students will wrestle with In the Graveyard: Unearthing American History, a one-semester elective course designed to introduce students to the discipline of material culture by studying American histo-

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ry through the lens of burial grounds, with a specific focus on cemetery design and gravestones. This course will take full advantage of flex blocks to visit a number of nearby cemeteries including Arlington National Cemetery, Ivy Hill Cemetery, and Congressional Cemetery. Readings for this course will comprise poems from American authors on the themes of graveyards and mourning, as well as scholarly articles from a variety of disciplines including history, landscape design, and archaeology.

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Theology Theology at Episcopal is an academic discipline that exposes students to the Judeo-Christian heritage that undergirds Western civilization. It also teaches the analytic skills that allow one to wrestle with the human quest for meaning as a lifetime venture. Through exposure to classical as well as contemporary attempts to discern meaning, students find models for approaching the essential questions of life. As sophomores, students generally take a Biblical Theology course that covers the fundamentals of the Old and New Testaments. As seniors, students choose from a variety of electives that treat a broad array of religious and philosophical study.

Requirements: 1.0 credit Entering ninth and 10th graders must take Biblical Theology (one-half credit) during their 10th grade year. During the 12th grade year, students select a semester elective (one-half credit) offered by the Theology Department to complete the full credit required. Exceptions may be given for students taking four years of orchestra, choir, or dance (three years for incoming 10th graders). Biblical Theology may then be “bumped” to the first semester of the 12th grade with no additional senior theology required. Seniors taking six year-long academic courses may also take one of the following courses for theology credit: American Literature: Poetry, Essay, Story and Song or Greek.

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Biblical Theology (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 10th

This course surveys the Bible: Old and New Testaments. It examines the biblical history of Israel and its religious development, and studies the life and teachings of Jesus and the early church’s view of his importance through an in-depth study of one of the gospels. Further study includes the Acts of the Apostles and selected readings from the Pauline epistles.

Ethics and Moral Philosophy (0.5 credit, spring only) 12th

This course explores moral philosophy: the journey of exploring and contemplating right and wrong, and embracing the questions and conundrums that arise.

It also examines the nature of morality and how people should live their lives in relation to others. This class will teach the basics of moral philosophy and ethics, asking the big questions of, “What is morality? What is justice? What is truth? How can I justify my beliefs when they differ from others’ beliefs?” Using primary sources as well as an array of modern interpretations, we will look at how the greatest philosophical minds in history have tried to answer these questions, creating guiding principles, and then in proper philosopher fashion, answering and exploring them for ourselves.

Narratives of the Holocaust: Resistance, Resilience, and Human Courage (0.5 credit, fall only) 12th

This course examines the Holocaust (Shoah) through the lens of biographical storytelling. The course will focus on the various ways in which an individual’s story can be shared (e.g., literature, art, museum exhibits, podcasts, etc.). The focus of these stories will revolve around themes of resistance, resilience, and human courage. Students will explore individual narratives through survivor memoirs, graphic novels, podcasts, museum exhibits, including extensive resources from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and the USC Shoah Foundation, and theological texts. By engaging with these diverse forms of storytelling, the course emphasizes the historical significance and deeply personal impact of the Holocaust, transforming this monumental history into relatable human experiences.

Religion and Music: An International Perspective (0.5 credit, fall only) 12th

In this course, students will explore the ways in which artists respond to major global events and concerns, as well as how these artists infuse Judeo-Christian themes into their responses. Through the study of various musical art forms, students will gain insight into how artists provide commentary on various aspects of life and how text and music are merged to provide social commentary. Previous experience with musical performance, including the ability to read music, is not required or expected. The course is open to all students who have an interest in exploring the intersection of music and social issues.

Senior Biblical Theology (0.5 credit, fall only) 12th

This senior only course surveys themes in the Bible: Old and New Testaments. It examines the biblical history of Israel and its religious development, and studies the life and teachings of Jesus and the early church’s view of his importance. It covers themes of holiness, justice, prophecy, theodicy, wisdom, and mission. The course is only for seniors who have not yet taken Biblical Theology.

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Rule of Life (0.5 credit, spring only) 12th

This course explores what has led some of the deepest religious thinkers in history to leave their busy lives behind, find barren places, and seek out the true meaning behind their lives. Whether it is Abraham from the Hebrew Scriptures, Jesus in the New Testament, the forest monks in Hinduism, Siddhartha Gautama in India, desert mothers and fathers in 3rd century Egypt, or ancient and modern day monastics, humans have taken time and created tools of examination to discern their life’s path. These tools help them to intentionally order their lives according to their beliefs. These tools were created to ask the deeper questions that students will confront: What matters to you most? How does your life connect to that value? What keeps you from connecting to what you value? How might you order your life differently going forward?

World Religions (0.5 credit, fall or spring) 12th

This class is designed to introduce students to five world religions and to develop the ability to analytically and thoughtfully study belief systems. We will also be looking into the future of religious thought, and some contemporary questions that have arisen in today’s world. Our main areas of study will include Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Worship Practices of World Religions: Divine Diversity (0.5 credit, spring only) 12th

In this course, students will explore the worship practices of various religions, including but not limited to Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and more. Through the study of these practices, students will gain an understanding of the role of worship in different religious traditions, as well as the ways in which worship practices reflect and shape the beliefs and values of a given religion. By the end of the course, students will have gained a deeper understanding of the significance of worship in different religious traditions and the ways in which it shapes our understanding of religion and spirituality.

Greek 1 (1.0 credit, full year) 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th

This elective course provides an introduction to ancient Greek and the history, culture and literature of ancient Greece. No previous knowledge of Greek or Latin is assumed, though students interested should have some experience in the study of another language. This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS. Meets senior theology requirement.

Greek 2 (0.5 credit, fall) Prerequisite: Greek 1 11th, 12th

In this course, students will focus their energy almost entirely on the fundamentals of the Greek language, using the Athenaze series as a primary resource.

Using the storyline of this text, we will consolidate our grasp of the history and culture of 5th century BCE in Greece. This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS, but it does meet the Senior Theology requirement.

Advanced Greek 2 (1.0 credit, full year) Prerequisite: Greek 1 76

11th, 12th

This course is a continuation of Greek 2. Advanced Greek goes into further depth on study of the language and covers a broader swath of cultural and historical material. Students will get to read authentic texts in ancient Greek such as Aesop’s Fables, passages adapted from Euripides, and the New Testament.

This course does not fulfill the language requirement at EHS, but it does meet the Senior Theology requirement.

Health and Wellness This is a comprehensive health and wellness class required of all sophomores. The class explores issues related to health and wellness covering topics such as models of health; drug and alcohol use and abuse; eating and exercise toward a healthy lifestyle; understanding and preventing disease; healthy and intimate relationships; and self-care and healthy choices. Class meets twice a week and is graded pass/fail. (No Credit)

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Global Online Academy Global Online Academy (GOA) offers Episcopal students the chance to learn in a highly collaborative, global, online learning community. GOA courses are led by expert teachers and students connect with peers from across the world in flexible, independent, and primarily asynchronous coursework. Students may take a GOA course with the permission of the Assistant Head for Academics and the GOA Site Director. Students should be enrolled in at least five academic courses on campus in addition to their GOA course.

For additional information about enrolling in a GOA course, please contact Episcopal’s GOA Site Director, Dr. Kimberly Olsen (kgo@episcopalhighschool.org)

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English GOA: Creative Nonfiction Writing (0.5 credit, summer only)

Tell your own stories and the stories of the world around you! This course centers on the art of shaping real experiences into powerful narratives while growing foundational writing skills. Participants read, examine, and write diverse works of creative nonfiction including personal narratives, podcasts, opinion editorials, profile pieces, and more. Emphasizing process over product, this writing workshop provides opportunities to create in new ways. Students practice essential craft elements (e.g., voice, style, structure) while reflecting on stories from their own lives, communities, and interests. They also build a personalized library of inspiring mentor texts, consider opportunities for publication, and develop sustainable writing habits. Both in real-time video chats and online discussion spaces, students support one another intentionally. Feedback is an essential component of this course, and students gain experience in the workshop model, actively participating in a thriving, global writing community. Creative nonfiction has never been as popular as it is today; participants experience its relevance in their own lives as they collaboratively explore this dynamic genre. This fulfills the writing requirement.

GOA: Fiction Writing (0.5 credit, summer only)

This course connects students interested in creative writing (primarily short fiction) and provides a space for supportive and constructive feedback. Students gain experience in the workshop model, learning how to effectively critique and discuss one another’s writing in an online environment. In addition to developing skills as readers within a workshop setting, students strive to develop their own writing identities through a variety of exercises. The course capitalizes on the geographic diversity of the students by eliciting stories that shed light on both the commonalities and differences of life experiences in different locations. Additionally, students read and discuss the work of authors from around the globe. Students’ essential responsibilities are twofold: to engage in the class as readers and writers and to focus on their development as readers and writers. Both require participation in discussions of various formats within the course’s online community, as well as dedicated time outside of class reading and providing feedback on one another’s work as well as writing original pieces for the workshop. This fulfills the writing requirement.

Mathematics and Computer Science GOA: Computer Science I: Computational Thinking (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

Computational Thinking centers on solving problems, designing systems, and understanding human behavior. It has applications not only in computer science but also a myriad other fields of study. This introductory-level course focuses on thinking computationally, especially understanding how computer scientists define and solve problems. Students begin the course by developing an understanding of what computational thinking is, how it can be used to solve problems, and why it’s a useful skill for all people to cultivate. Within this context, students are exposed to the power and limits of computational thinking.

Students will then be introduced to entry-level programming constructs that will help them apply their knowledge of computational thinking in practical ways using a variety of languages and resources. They will learn how to write HTML and CSS to make a basic website, use a block-based language to create an

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Global Online Academy (cont.) app, make connections between block-based and text-based languages, and write interactive programs using Python that culminates in a Catalyst Project that addresses one of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in some way. Students will also set up an online ePortfolio where they host the digital artifacts that they create, using their new computational thinking skills, throughout the course. By developing computational thinking and programming skills, students will have the core knowledge to define and solve problems in future computer science courses. While this course would be beneficial for any student without formal training as a programmer or computer scientist, it is intended for those with no programming experience.

GOA: Computer Science II: Analyzing Data with Python (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer) Prerequisite: Computer Science I: Computational Thinking or its equivalent

In this course, students utilize the Python programming language to read, analyze, and visualize data. The course emphasizes using real-world datasets, which are often large, messy, and inconsistent. Because of the powerful data structures and clear syntax of Python, it is one of the most widely used programming languages in scientific computing. Students explore the multitude of practical applications of Python in fields like biology, engineering, and statistics.

GOA: Computer Science II: Java (0.5 credit, spring only)

Prerequisite: Computer Science I: Computational Thinking or its equivalent

This course teaches students how to write programs in the Java programming language. Java is the backbone of many web applications, especially eCommerce and government sites. It is also the foundational code of the Android operating system and many tools of the financial sector. Students learn the major syntactical elements of the Java language through object-oriented design. The emphasis in the course is on creating intelligent systems through the fundamentals of Computer Science. Students write working programs through short lab assignments and more extended projects that incorporate graphics and animation.

GOA: Computer Science II: Game Design & Development (0.5 credit, spring or summer) Prerequisite: Computer Science I: Computational Thinking or its equivalent

In this course, students practice designing and developing games through hands-on work. Through the creation of small “toys,” the course asks students to solve problems and create content, building the design and technical skills necessary to build their own games. Throughout the course, students come to understand game design through game designer Jesse Schell’s “lenses:” different ways of looking at the same problem and answering questions that provide direction and refinement of a game’s theme and structure. During this time, students also learn how to use Godot, the professional game development tool they use throughout the class. They become familiar with the methodologies of constructing a game using such assets as graphics, sounds, and effects, and controlling events and behavior within the game using the GDScript programming language, which is modeled after Python. In the last two modules of the course, students work in teams to brainstorm and develop new games in response to a theme or challenge. Students will develop their skills in communication, project- and time-management, and creative problem-solving while focusing on different aspects of asset creation, design, and coding.

GOA: Cybersecurity (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

Explore the inner workings of computer components, network design, DNS, TCP/IP, and how cybercriminals exploit both technology and human behavior to breach systems. Examine ciphers, encryption, data security, and malware anatomy, while also considering the complex balance between privacy and tracking.

You’ll emerge with the expertise to defend both personal and organizational data, equipped with knowledge in data recovery, enterprise security, and the

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latest trends in cybersecurity. There is no computer science prerequisite for this course, though students with some background will certainly find avenues to flex their knowledge.

GOA: Game Theory (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

In this course, students explore a branch of mathematics known as game theory, which uses mathematical models to inform decision making. There are many applications to everyday dilemmas and conflicts, many of which can be treated as mathematical games. Students consider significant global events from fields like diplomacy, political science, anthropology, philosophy, economics, and popular culture. They examine models of world conflicts and scheduling of professional athletic contests. Specific topics include two-person zero-sum games, two-person non-zero sum games, sequential games, multiplayer games, linear optimization, and voting theory.

GOA: Geometry (1.0 credit, summer only)

This seven-week summer course provides a fast-paced journey through a full year’s worth of high school geometry. With a focus on Euclidean geometry, you’ll explore key concepts like parallel lines, triangle congruence and similarity, quadrilaterals, polygons, and circles. Get ready to analyze lengths, areas, and volumes of both two- and three-dimensional figures, while also tackling transformations and introductory trigonometry. With an intensive schedule (expect to dedicate 15-20 hours a week), you’ll be well-prepared for future advanced math courses. Departmental permission required in advance of registering for course.

GOA: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

Aspects of artificial intelligence permeate our lives and the algorithms power your favorite apps. How much do you really know about how AI works or how it is changing the world around us? This course explores the history of research into artificial general intelligence and the subsequent focus on the subfields of narrow AI: neural networks, machine learning and expert systems, deep learning, natural language processing, and machine vision and facial recognition.

Students also learn how AI training datasets cause bias and focus on the ethics and principles of responsible AI: fairness, transparency and explainability, human centeredness, and privacy and security.

GOA: Number Theory (0.5 credit, fall only)

Prerequisite: A strong background in Precalculus and above as well as a desire to do rigorous mathematics and proofs

Once thought of as the purest but least applicable part of mathematics, number theory is now by far the most commonly applied: every one of the millions of secure internet transmissions occurring each second is encrypted using ideas from number theory. This course covers the fundamentals of this classical, elegant, yet supremely relevant subject. It provides a foundation for further study of number theory, but even more, it develops the skills of mathematical reasoning and proof in a concrete and intuitive way and is necessary preparation for any future course in upper-level college mathematics or theoretical computer science. Students progressively develop the tools needed to understand the RSA algorithm, the most common encryption scheme used worldwide.

Along the way, they invent some encryption schemes of their own and discover how to play games using number theory. Students also get a taste of the history of the subject, which involves the most famous mathematicians from antiquity to the present day, and see parts of the story of Fermat’s Last Theorem, a 350-year-old statement that was fully proven only 20 years ago. While most calculations are simple enough to do by hand, students sometimes use the computer to see how the fundamental ideas can be applied to the huge numbers needed for modern applications.

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Global Online Academy (cont.)

Modern and Classical Languages GOA: Arabic Language Through Culture I (Levels II and III also offered) (1.0 credit, full year)

In addition to bringing Arabic popular culture to life, this course introduces students to the Arabic writing system to communicate in spontaneous spoken conversations on everyday topics. This year-long course focuses on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and some of the spoken dialects of the Levant, Egypt and North Africa. With an emphasis on Arabic culture, students will learn commonly used expressions and phrases to develop their skills in listening, reading, writing, and most importantly, conversation. This will be accomplished through synchronous and asynchronous assignments, conversation sessions with the instructor and a group of peers, instructional videos, discussions about culture, and collaborations on group projects with students from around the globe.

Since Arabic is becoming one of the most functional languages in the world, especially in the areas of commerce, business, and trade, students participating in this course can avail themselves of the opportunity to learn the language in a highly stimulating and rich cultural context.

GOA: Japanese Language Through Culture I (Levels II and III also offered) (1.0 credit, full year)

This full-year course is a unique combination of Japanese culture and language, weaving cultural comparison with the study of basic Japanese language and grammar. While examining various cultural topics such as literature, art, lifestyle and economy, students will learn the basics of the Japanese writing system (Hiragana and Katakana), grammar and vocabulary. Through varied synchronous and asynchronous assignments, including hands-on projects and face-toface communications, students will develop their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills. The cultural study and discussion are conducted in English, with topics alternating every two to three weeks. The ultimate goal of this course is to raise awareness and appreciation of different cultures through learning the basics of the Japanese language. The focus of this course is 60 percent on language and 40 percent on culture. This course is appropriate for beginner-level students.

Science GOA: Abnormal Psychology (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

This course provides students with a general introduction to the field of abnormal psychology from a western perspective while exploring the cultural assumptions within the field. Students examine the biopsychosocial aspects of what society considers abnormal while developing an understanding of the stigma often associated with psychological disorders. Through book study, videos, article reviews, and discussions, students consider how our increasingly global world influences mental health in diverse settings. In learning about the different areas of western abnormal psychology, students study the symptoms, diagnoses, and responses to several specific disorders such as anxiety, depression, eating disorders, or schizophrenia. Students develop an understanding of how challenging it can be to define “normal” as they begin to empathize with those struggling with mental distress. Throughout the course, students are encouraged to attend to their own mental well-being. The course culminates in an independent project where students showcase their learning with the goal of making an impact in their local communities.

GOA: Bioethics (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

Ethics is the study of what one should do as an individual and as a member of society. Bioethics refers to the subset of this field that focuses on medicine, public health, and the life sciences. In this course, students explore contemporary, pressing issues in bioethics, including the “right to die,” policies around vaccination and organ transplantation, competence to consent to care, human experimentation and animal research, and genetic technologies. Through reading, writing, research, and discussion, students will explore the fundamental concepts and questions in bioethics, deepen their understanding of biological concepts, strengthen their critical reasoning skills, and learn to engage in respectful dialogue with people whose views may differ from their own. The course

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culminates with a student-driven exploration into a particular bioethical issue, recognizing the unique role that bioethics plays within the field of ethics.

GOA: Global Health (0.5 credit, fall only)

What makes people sick? What social and political factors lead to the health disparities we see both within our own community and on a global scale? What are the biggest challenges in global health and how might they be met? Using an interdisciplinary approach to address these two questions, this course improves students’ health literacy through an examination of the most significant public-health challenges facing today’s global population. Topics include the biology of infectious disease, the statistics and quantitative measures associated with health issues, the social determinants of health, and the role of organizations (public and private) in shaping the landscape of global health policy. Students use illness as a lens through which to examine social issues like poverty, gender, and race. Student work includes analytical writing, research, readings and discussions exploring a variety of sources, and online presentations, created both on their own and with peers.

GOA: Medical Problem Solving I (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

In this course, students collaboratively solve medical mystery cases, similar to the approach used in many medical schools. Students enhance their critical thinking skills as they examine data, draw conclusions, diagnose, and identify appropriate treatment for patients. Students use problem-solving techniques in order to understand and appreciate relevant medical/biological facts as they confront the principles and practices of medicine. Students explore anatomy and physiology pertaining to medical scenarios and gain an understanding of the disease process, demographics of disease, and pharmacology. Additional learning experiences include studying current issues in health and medicine, interviewing a patient, and creating a new mystery case.

GOA: Medical Problem Solving II (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

This course is an extension of the problem-based approach in Medical Problem Solving I. While collaborative examination of medical case studies remain at the center of the course, MPS II approaches medical cases through the perspectives of global medicine, medical ethics, and social justice. The course examines cases not only from around the world but also in students’ local communities. Additionally, the course addresses the challenges patients face because of a lack of access to health care, often a result of systemic discrimination and inequity along with more general variability of health care resources in different parts of the world. All students in MPS II participate in the Catalyst Conference, a GOA-wide conference near the end of the semester where students from many GOA courses create and publish presentations on course-specific topics. For their projects, students use all of the lenses from the earlier parts of the course to choose and research a local topic of high interest. Further, their topics enable identifying a local medical problem, using local sources, and generating ideas for promoting change. Prerequisite: Medical Problem Solving I.

GOA: Positive Psychology (0.5 credit, fall only)

What is a meaningful, happy, and fulfilling life? The focus of psychology has long been the study of human suffering, diagnosis, and pathology, but in recent years, positive psychologists have explored what’s missing from the mental health equation, taking up research on topics such as love, creativity, humor, and mindfulness. We dive into what research tells us about the formula for a meaningful life, the ingredients of fulfilling relationships, and changes that occur in the brain when inspired by music, visual art, physical activity, and more. We also seek out and lean on knowledge from positive psychology experts, such as Martin Seligman’s well being theory, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s idea of flow, and Angela Lee Duckworth’s concept of grit. Students imagine and create real-world measurements using themselves and willing peers and family members as research subjects. As part of the learning studio format of the course, students imagine, research, and create projects that they will share with a larger community. Throughout the development of these projects, students will Return to the Table of Contents

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GOA (cont.) collaborate with each other and seek ways to make their work experiential and hands-on.

GOA: Social Psychology (0.5 credit, fall or spring)

Are you thinking and acting freely of your own accord or is what you think, feel, and do a result of influences by the people around you? Social psychology is the scientific study of how and why the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others influences our thoughts, feelings, and behavior. The principles of social psychology help explain everything from why we stop at stop signs when there is no one around to why we buy certain products, why in some situations we help others and in some we don’t, and what leads to more dramatic (and catastrophic) events such as mass suicides or extreme prejudice and discrimination.

As we take up these topics and questions, students will build and engage in a community of inquiry, aimed primarily at learning how to analyze human behavior through the lens of a social psychologist. Social Psychology invites students to explore, plan, investigate, experiment, and apply concepts of prejudice, persuasion, conformity, altruism, relationships and groups, and the self that bring the “social” to psychology. The course culminates in a public exhibition of a student-designed investigation of a topic of their choice. This course uses a competency-based learning approach in which students build GOA core competencies that transcend the discipline and learn how to think like a social psychologist. Much of the course is self-paced; throughout the semester, students are assessed primarily in relation to outcomes tied to the competencies.

Social Studies GOA: Applying Philosophy to Global Issues (0.5 credit, fall only)

This is an applied philosophy course that connects pressing contemporary issues with broad-range philosophical ideas and controversies, drawn from multiple traditions and many centuries. Students use ideas from influential philosophers to examine how thinkers have applied reason successfully, and unsuccessfully, to many social and political issues across the world. In addition to introducing students to the work of philosophers as diverse as Socrates, Confucius, and Immanuel Kant, this course also aims to be richly interdisciplinary, incorporating models and methods from diverse fields including history, journalism, literary criticism, and media studies. Students learn to develop their own philosophy and then apply it to the ideological debates which surround efforts to improve their local and global communities.

GOA: Arts Entrepreneurship (0.5 credit, spring only)

In this course, aspiring visual artists, designers, filmmakers, musicians, and other creatives will learn how to find success in the dynamic fields of their choosing. Students will learn about arts careers and organizations by attending virtual events and interviewing art practitioners, entrepreneurs, and administrators. Beyond exploring trajectories for improving their crafts, students will build skills in networking and personal branding while examining case studies of a variety of artistic ventures—some highly successful and some with teachable flaws. Using real-world examples of professional and emerging creatives and arts organizations, students will gain a better understanding of the passion and dedication it takes to have a successful creative career.

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GOA: Gender and Society (0.5 credit, spring only)

This course uses the concept of gender to examine a range of topics and disciplines that includes feminism, gay and lesbian studies, women’s studies, popular culture, and politics. Throughout the course students examine the intersection of gender with other social identifiers: class, race, sexual orientation, culture, and ethnicity. Students read about, write about, and discuss gender issues as they simultaneously reflect on the ways that gender has manifested in and influenced their lives.

GOA: Introduction to Blockchain & Cryptocurrency (0.5 credit, spring only)

This beginner-friendly course dives into the fascinating world of blockchain and cryptocurrency, exploring how we got here and where the technology might be heading. You’ll learn how crypto markets work, examine real-world applications, and consider the potential future of crypto through the perspectives of creators, consumers, and governments. Plus, you’ll explore blockchain’s far-reaching potential to revolutionize government, business, the arts, and more. Why Take This Course? Through engaging technologies, activities, and collaborative projects, you’ll analyze how blockchain and cryptocurrency disrupt and shape various industries, preparing you to navigate and contribute to this transformative field.

GOA: Investing I (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

In this course, students simulate the work of investors by working with the tools, theories, and decision-making practices that define smart investment. We explore concepts in finance and apply them to investment decisions in three primary contexts: portfolio management, venture capital, and social investing. After an introduction to theories about valuation and risk management, students simulate scenarios in which they must make decisions to grow an investment portfolio. They manage investments in stocks, bonds, and options to learn a range of strategies for increasing the value of their portfolios. In the second unit, students take the perspective of venture capital investors, analyzing startup companies and predicting their value before they become public. In the third unit, students examine case studies of investment funds that apply the tools of finance to power social change. Throughout the course, students learn from experts who have experience in identifying value and managing risk in global markets. They develop their own ideas about methods for taking calculated financial risks and leave this course not just with a simulated portfolio of investments, but the skills necessary to manage portfolios in the future.

GOA: Investing II (0.5 credit, fall or spring) Prerequisite: Investing I

In this course, students expand their knowledge of practices that define smart investment. They explore concepts in finance and apply them to investment decisions in four primary contexts: fixed-income investments, foreign exchange and crypto, commodities, and real estate. After an introduction to theories about behavioral finance, students simulate scenarios in which they must make decisions to add to their portfolio of equities. In the first unit, they learn how fixed-income assets like bonds fit into a larger portfolio to hedge risk in their portfolios. In the second unit, students examine forex trading and the cryptocurrency markets, a riskier and more volatile investment vehicle. In the third unit, students examine how commodities can be a part of a larger portfolio, but also how commodity prices might affect the larger economy. Finally, in the fourth unit, students learn about the array of strategies in real estate investing. Throughout the course, students learn from experts who have experience in identifying value and managing risk in global markets. They develop their own ideas about methods for taking calculated financial risks and build on their understanding from Investing I. They leave this course with a more nuanced view of their overall portfolio and the skills necessary to manage risk in the future.

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Global Online Academy (cont.)

GOA: Personal Finance (0.5 credit, fall, spring, or summer)

In this course, students learn financial responsibility and social consciousness. We will examine a wide array of topics including personal budgeting, credit cards and credit scores, career and earning potential, insurance, real estate, financial investment, retirement savings, charitable giving, taxes, and other items related to personal finance. Students will apply their understanding of these topics by simulating real life financial circumstances and weighing the costs and benefits of their decisions. Throughout the course, students will have the opportunity to learn from individuals with varying perspectives and expertise in numerous fields. By reflecting on their roles in the broader economy as both producers and consumers, students will begin to consider how they can positively impact the world around them through their financial decisions.

GOA: Race and Society (0.5 credit, fall only)

What is race? Is it something we’re born with? Is it an idea that society imposes on us? An identity we perform? A beneficial privilege? Does our own culture’s conception of race mirror those found in other parts of the world? These are just a few of the questions that students in this course explore together as they approach the concept of race as a social construct that shapes and is shaped by societies and cultures in very real ways. Throughout the course students learn about the changing relationship between race and society across time and across cultures. Engaging with readings, films, and speakers from a variety of academic fields (history, sociology, anthropology, literature) students explore, research, reflect on and discuss the complex set of relationships governing race and society.

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