Innehållsförteckning - SVOPA

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - Maja Bergqvist

INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING Många av förklaringarna och exemplen är översatta till engelska (blå text).

Many of the explanations and the examples are translated into English (blue text).

- Tack till ... Thanks to ... .. ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 - Älskade ordklasser Beloved word classes ................................................................................................................................ 12 - Några ord innan du börjar läsa Before you start reading ....................................................................................................... 13

UPPSTART 1.

Fakta om Sverige Facts about Sweden. . ..................................................................................................................... 19 Befolkning ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Geografi och natur .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Namngeografi .................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 Styre ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Monarki .. ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Klimat . . ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Energi . . ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Nobelpriset ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 I almanackan .................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

2. Användbara fraser och uttryck Useful phrases and expressions................................................................ 25 Allmän artighet ................................................................................................................................................................................ 25 Beskrivningar ................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Beställningar på matställen och pubar ....................................................................................................................................... 28 På middagsbjudningar eller fester ............................................................................................................................................... 29 På kontoret/på jobbet ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30

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Att ställa frågor How to ask questions........................................................................................................................ 31 Räkneord Numerals............................................................................................................................................................... 32 Klockan The time .................................................................................................................................................................... 33 I mataffären In the grocery store ................................................................................................................................... 35 Användbara ord Useful words ......................................................................................................................................... 43 familjemedlemmar, boende, inredning, bakning och matlagning, på middagsbordet, min fritid, idrottsgrenar, på kontoret, yrken, färger, klädesplagg, kroppen, ansiktet .................................................... 43-55

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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - Maja Bergqvist

ORDFÖLJD 8.

Satsdelar Clause elements .............................................................................................................................................. 59 subjekt och predikat, agent, adverbial, satsadverbial, objekt, attribut, predikativ .. ...................................................... 59-66 Varför är det viktigt med satsdelar? ............................................................................................................................................. 67 Det som subjekt ............................................................................................................................................................................... 68 Opersonligt subjekt och opersonliga verb . . ................................................................................................................................ 70

9. Huvudsats och bisats Main clause and subordinate clause . . ........................................................................ 71 Adverbialet först .. ............................................................................................................................................................................. 72 Ordföljd vid frågor .. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 72 Ordföljd vid satsadverbial .............................................................................................................................................................. 73 Meningar med mer än ett adverbial ............................................................................................................................................. 74 Mer om adverbial ............................................................................................................................................................................. 75

10. Positionsschema/satsschema Clause element scheme................................................................................... 77 Ordföljd huvudsats .......................................................................................................................................................................... 80 Ordföljd bisats .................................................................................................................................................................................. 84

11. Väder, väderlekar The weather ....................................................................................................................................... 87 Vackert väder .. .................................................................................................................................................................................. 88 Värme . . ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 89 Halvklart ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 91 Oväder ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 92 Vind .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94 Nederbörd . . ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 96 Nederbörd och kyla . . ....................................................................................................................................................................... 98

ORDKLASSER 12. Sammanställning av ordklasserna A summary of the word classes........................................................ 105 substantiv, adjektiv, verb, pronomen, prepositioner, adverb, konjunktioner, subjunktioner/bisatsinledare, interjektioner, räkneord ................................................................................................ 105-108

13. Substantiv och deras böjning Nouns and their inflection ............................................................................ 109 En-ord, böjningsregler . . ................................................................................................................................................................ 110 Ett-ord, böjningsregler ................................................................................................................................................................. 115 Icke räkningsbara substantiv ...................................................................................................................................................... 118

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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - Maja Bergqvist

ORDKLASSER (fortsättning) 14. Adjektivets komparation och böjning Comparison and inflection of the adjective...................... 119 Adjektiv som slutar på konsonant .............................................................................................................................................. 120 Adjektiv som slutar på er .............................................................................................................................................................. 121 Adjektiv som slutar på u i positiv form och slutar på ng ......................................................................................................... 122 Adjektiv som slutar på vokalerna y eller å ................................................................................................................................. 123 Adjektiv som innehåller å i positiv form och slutar på ng . . ..................................................................................................... 123 Adjektiv som har minst tre stavelser .......................................................................................................................................... 124 Adjektiv som slutar på e ............................................................................................................................................................... 125 Undantag ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 126 Exempel på komparation i en sats . . ............................................................................................................................................ 127

15. Kongruens Adjectival agreement ............................................................................................................................... 129 Obestämd form .............................................................................................................................................................................. 129 Bestämd form ................................................................................................................................................................................. 130 Blandad form .................................................................................................................................................................................. 131

16. Verb Verbs................................................................................................................................................................................. 133 Hjälpverb och infinitiv . . ................................................................................................................................................................. 134 Verbets tre grundformer: infinitiv, preteritum, supinum ......................................................................................................... 138 Verbets tema: infinitiv, preteritum, supinum . . ........................................................................................................................... 140 Fler verbformer: imperativ, konditionalis, particip .................................................................................................................. 141 Verb i finit form: imperativ, presens, preteritum ....................................................................................................................... 145 Verb i infinit form: infinitiv, supinum, presens particip, perfekt particip ............................................................................. 145 Verbets tempus/tidsformer . . ........................................................................................................................................................ 146 Skillnaden mellan preteritum och perfekt ................................................................................................................................ 147 Tidsuttryck och tempus . . .............................................................................................................................................................. 148 Aktiv sats och passiv sats . . ........................................................................................................................................................... 151

17. Tempusböjningar och verbgrupper Tense inflections and verb groups............................................... 155 Tempus plus infinitiv och konditionalis ..................................................................................................................................... 156 Verbgrupper/konjugationer med olika böjningar.. ................................................................................................................... 159 Verblista: tempus plus infinitiv och imperativ .......................................................................................................................... 159 Regelbundna verb: verbgrupp 1-3 ............................................................................................................................................. 160 Starka verb och oregelbundna verb: verbgrupp 4 .................................................................................................................. 166 Verb som slutar på s ...................................................................................................................................................................... 170 Reflexiva verb ................................................................................................................................................................................. 173 Opersonliga verb och opersonligt subjekt . . .............................................................................................................................. 175

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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - Maja Bergqvist

ORDKLASSER (fortsättning) 18. Partikelverb Phrasal verbs .............................................................................................................................................. 177 Partikelverb kan bli substantiv . . .................................................................................................................................................. 187

19. Pronomen Pronouns ........................................................................................................................................................... 189 Subjektsform och objektsform . . .................................................................................................................................................. 189 Personliga pronomen ................................................................................................................................................................... 190 Sin, sitt och sina. . ............................................................................................................................................................................ 191 Fler pronomen . . .............................................................................................................................................................................. 197

20. Prepositioner, adverb och småord Prepositions, adverbs and “small words”. . .................................. 203

ORDBILDNING 21. Hur man bildar nya ord How to create new words . . ........................................................................................... 209 Sammansatta ord, olika varianter . . ............................................................................................................................................. 210 Påbyggnad av ett sammansatt ord, olika varianter ................................................................................................................. 211 Att skapa motsatsord .................................................................................................................................................................... 212 Nyordsbildning, olika varianter ................................................................................................................................................... 213

LJUD 22. Stavning och uttal Spelling and pronunciation.................................................................................................. 217 Alfabetet .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 218 Vokalljud, stavning och dialekt ................................................................................................................................................... 219 Konsonanter och dialekt .............................................................................................................................................................. 221 Andra ljud ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 222 Hårda vokaler och mjuka vokaler .. .............................................................................................................................................. 224

23. Betoning Emphasis.............................................................................................................................................................. 227 Ej sammansatta ord .. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 227 Sammansatta ord .......................................................................................................................................................................... 229

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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - Maja Bergqvist

FINAL 24. Ett avslutande potpurri A concluding potpourri ................................................................................................ 233 Kortsvar ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 233 Knepiga verb .................................................................................................................................................................................. 236 Fler knepiga verb ........................................................................................................................................................................... 238 Knepiga ord och uttryck . . ............................................................................................................................................................. 245

25. Register, grammatiska termer Index, grammatical terms ............................................................................ 257

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