Reaching out cover & sample

Reaching Out

by Robert Long

2014

Reaching Out Š2014 Robert Long and Perceptia Press Published by Perceptia Press, Nagoya, Japan in association with Panurgic Publishing 1st Edition Printing: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All rights reserved. This book must not be copied or reproduced in any form whatsoever.

ISBN978-4-939130-75-5 Book Code: 101: E109

About the Author

Robert Long has been teaching in Japan since 1994. He has been the editor of The Language Teacher, and continues to be actively involved in the Japan Association for Language Teaching. He has published numerous EFL textbooks for reading, conversation, and ESP courses. His research focuses on conversation analysis and various pragmatic issues. He continues to push for more innovative EFL textbooks which incorporate recent findings of cognitive learning research.

Acknowledgements

An earlier version containing some of the material presented here was previously published under the name Reaching For Basic Comprehension.

Thanks to Hiroko and Michaelangelo for assistance with the cover.

Photos Š2014 Perceptia Press and its licensors. All rights reserved.

Additional photo credits:

Key Photos Shutterstock.com

Hokusai CD-rom Anthology, Master Graphique, 1997

Contents Unit 1: Introductions, Family, and Friends...........................................................................7 Unit 2: Interests and Hobbies.............................................................................................15 Unit 3: My Stuff and My Dreams.......................................................................................23 Unit 4: Food and Restaurants.............................................................................................31 Unit 5: Current Events and Trends.....................................................................................39 Unit 6: My Schedule..........................................................................................................47 Unit 7: Review 1................................................................................................................55 Round-Robin Speeches.......................................................................................................61 Pragmatic Encounters........................................................................................................62 Unit 8: Interesting Places...................................................................................................63 Unit 9: Medical Check Up!.................................................................................................71 Unit 10: Gyms and Fitness.................................................................................................79 Unit 11: Works—Duties and Problems...............................................................................87 Unit 12: Making Telephone Calls.......................................................................................95 Unit 13: Shop Until We Drop!.........................................................................................103 Unit 14: Review 2............................................................................................................111 Round-Robin Speeches.....................................................................................................116 Pragmatic Encounters......................................................................................................117 Conversational Gambits ..................................................................................................118 Student B Activities..........................................................................................................120 Reaching Out

3

Chapters

Prepositions

Introductions, Prepositions 1 Family, And In Places Friends

Interests And Prepositions 2 Hobbies

Grammar Strands Articles / Verbs Adjectives

Omissions

Old Friends: Talking About Hobbies

Present Perfect

Disclosing Information

Distributive Adjectives

Current 5 Events And Trends

Prepositions Relating To Time

Present Demonstrative Simple Adjectives Tense

Prepositions As Use Of The 6 My Schedule Complements Definite Of Adjectives Article: The Adverbs

4

Introductions: Making Explaining Compliments Oneself

Tag / Asking Present Comparative Personal Continuous Questions Questions

4 Restaurants

Gerunds

Exploratory Questions

Gambits

Infinitives

Prepositions For Agents, Device

7 Review

Questions

Discourse Goals

Use Of The Article

Prepositions My Stuff And Insertion 3 My Dreams In Errors Relationships

Food And

Pragmatic Aspects

Questions Expressing With Modals Desires

Embedded Questions

Making, Making Accepting Comparisons / Rejecting / Judgments Invitations

Do / Does Questions

Discussing Changes / Pleading Ignorance

Yes / No Future Tense Questions

Explaining A Series Of Current Events

Scheduling Putting Off, Events / Canceling Dealing With Appointments Conflicts

Fluency Reviews, Round-Robin Speeches, Pragmatic Encounters

Reaching Out

Pragmatic Aspects

Grammar Strands Chapters

8

Interesting Places

Medical

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Making Calls

14 Review 2

Reaching Out

Gambits

Adverbs Of Noun Clauses Place

Addition Consequence

Praising / Explaining Criticizing A A Place Place

Complaining Asking And About A Answering Illness Or Questions Injury

Comparing Adverbs

Contrast Emphasis

Reflective Pronouns

Restrictive Clauses

Adverbs Of Manner

Boasting Exception About Generalizations Abilities

Comparing Abilities And Experiences

Independent Clauses

Adverbs Of Time

Illustration Restatement

Repeating Clarifying

Clarifying Job Duties

Adverbs Of Degree

Sequencing Summarizing

Making Invitations

Scheduling Events

Contrast Comparison

Making Judgements

Comparing Contrasting

Demonstrative Adverb Pronouns Clauses

Shop Until Reciprocal Pronouns

13 We Drop

Transitional Signals

Adjective Clauses

Work— Possessive 11 Duties, And Pronouns Problems

12 Telephone

Adverbs

Clauses

Relative

9 Check Up! Pronouns

Gyms & 10 Fitness

Discourse Goals

Nonrestrictive Conjunctive Clauses Adverbs

Fluency Reviews, Round-Robin Speeches, Pragmatic Encounters

5

6

Reaching Out

Unit 1: Introductions, Family, And Friends

1. Survey >>> Questions In Action Ask your classmates these exploratory questions.

Questions a. Where are you from?

Classmate 1 .................................................. .................................................. b. What kind of hobbies do you .................................................. have? .................................................. c. Where do you live? .................................................. .................................................. d. How is your family doing now? .................................................. ..................................................

2. Jigsaw Dialogue >>> Student A

Classmate 2 .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ..................................................

(Student B, turn to page 121)

Read Carla’s lines of the dialogue below to your partner. Listen to your partner and fill in the blanks. ➡➡ Carla: Oh, you must be Susan. I’ve heard so much about you from James. ➱➱ Susan: Oh really? I .......................................... he said nice things! You ........................................Carla.

Where are you from? ➡➡ Carla: I’m from Los Angeles. I’ve lived there for ten years. So, what do you do Susan? ➱➱ Susan: Well, I just got .................................................... I’m so happy about it because I’ve been looking for work for almost two months. And ..................................................., Carla? ➡➡ Carla: I’ve just finished my exams and I’ll be entering university in October. Where do you live now, Susan? ➱➱ Susan: My new job is at an Internet company, so I am now living on the south side of the city. But ...... ............................................ —what are you ................................................... at university? ➡➡ Carla: I’m going to major in Japanese at UCLA.

Reaching Out

7

3. Now Suppose…

If someone had said the following to you, how would you respond?

1. I’ve heard so much about you. .....................................................................................................................

2. So, what’s new? ............................................................................................................................................

Pragmatic Aspect—Tip: When meeting someone after a long time or being introduced to someone, it is a good idea to “pay a compliment” such as “I’ve have heard so much about you,” “I didn’t realize until now you were so tall,” “From what I have heard, you are really innovative and creative.” Try making 4 compliments to your classmates near you. How do they react?

4. Related Questions >>> Possible Questions, Possible Answers Circle the option that is closest in meaning to the questions, which then must match the answers on the right.

Example: So, what have you been up to lately Susan? a. Where do you work at the moment? b. What’s new? c. Are you doing OK now? d. How has work been lately?

8

1.

2.

3.

4.

[ d ] Work has been just great. Unbelievable. [ c ] I’m fine, thanks. Why do you ask? [ a ] At a company called Samtone. I like it. [ b ] Not much, lately. How about you?

1. So, what kind of hobbies do you have? a. Do you have any hobbies? b. What do you do in your free time? c. What’s new? d. Are you married?

5.

6.

7.

8.

[ [ [ [

2. Where are you now living? a. What is your house like? b. Don’t you live just down the road? c. Where are planning to live? d. Where have you lived?

9. [ 10. [ 11. [ 12. [

] My house is in the suburbs. ] It’s pretty big and decorated retro-style. ] I have lived in Hiroshima and also in Kansas. ] I hope to live in either Kitakyushu or Osaka.

3. So, what’s new? How are things going? a. What’s up with you today? b. How are things? c. When did you move here? Are you new? d. Do you have any new hobbies?

13. [ 14. [ 15. [ 16. [

] I have no time or energy for new hobbies now. ] I moved here last month. So, I guess I’m new. ] Things are going great. Couldn’t be better. ] I met this very interesting person lately.

4. So, how is your family doing? a. Is your family doing OK? b. What is your mother doing? c. Where is your father living? d. What is going on with your mother?

17. [ 18. [ 19. [ 20. [

] She is working at IBM now. ] My family is doing just great now. ] My mother has been jogging a lot lately. ] My father has finally been transferred back home.

] Not a lot. Everything is the same as usual. ] Oh, I love to pass the time with tennis. ] Yes, I am. ] I have a few hobbies like chess and soccer.

Reaching Out

5. Shadowing Game >>> Student A

(Student B, turn to page 122)

Read the sentences to your partner, pausing after each one. Your partner should repeat each sentence without looking at the book. If your partner cannot remember, he or she should try to summarize the information. When you have finished, change roles. Afterwards, talk about your own person experiences.

Role A 1.

2.

3.

4.

What does / your father / do?

How are / your sisters doing / at that school?

Where did you say / that you will meet / all your friends?

Have you joined / any clubs / like soccer or baseball / over the past year?

5 words [Easy] 8 words [Normal] 11 words [Hard] 13 words [Tough]

6. Self-Analysis Survey 1 >>> Family Life Fill out the survey for your own family and then ask the questions to your partner.

No one

Sister / Brother

Me

Father

Mother

Grandparents

1. Who cooks most of the dinners?

2. Who do you like to talk to the most?

3. Who has to clean up most of the mess?

4. Who spends the most time on the computer?

5. Who has taught you the most about life?

6. Who takes you out the most?

7. Who taught you how to ride a bike or fly a kite?

8. Who has played video games with you?

9. Who has praised you the most?

10. Who likes to talk to you about problems?

Reaching Out

9

7. Self-Analysis Survey 2 >>> Are You Really Busy?

Interview 4 people and find out who is the busiest person in your group. Go down the list of questions, and then look at how long each classmate did a particular activity. Write down how many minutes he or she does something.

Your Life Me

Classmates 1 2 3

4

1. How long do you play baseball?

2. How long do you study each day?

3. How long does it take to go home each day?

4. How long do you work at a part-time job?

5. In your spare time, how long do you spend going for walks?

6. How long do you read books for each day?

7. How long do you do hobbies like aikido, karate, or judo?

8. How long do you spend driving in a week?

9. How much time do you spend on weekends learning math or science?

10. Do you ever help out with cleaning around the house? If so, for how long?

11. How long do you do volunteer activities, like giving food to homeless people?

12. How long would you say you spent shopping each week?

13. Do your club activities take up a lot of time? How long?

14. How long do you spend with friends?

15. How much time do you spend playing video games?

Scores

10

Reaching Out

Student Name ............................................................ Student Number ................................... tear here

8. Complete The Conversation >>> Explaining Yourself Change books: Your partner will write down your own answers in your textbook for this chapter.

Questions ➡➡ So, tell more about yourself. From what I’ve heard from my friends, you are VERY interesting.

Sue-Jen’s replies Well, thank you. As you might know, I’m from Nanking, China. I graduated from Nanking University; my major was mathematics, but I found myself much more interested in computer science. So I came to Japan to learn computer science.

My major is now data mining because I found myself really interested in that subject.

Masatoshi’s replies It’s great that I have such “nice” friends. Well, after I graduated from my college back in Tokyo, I came directly to this university, to Professor Okumoto. He is really the best person to study electrical circuits under. I have some friends now; I played soccer last week, and met a lot of new people. And now I also have a part-time job to help pay tuition.

➡➡ Fascinating! It is true that you are very smart!

So, tell me more about your family.

It’s like most Chinese families; father, mother and me. Because of the one-child-policy, there are many of us only children.

My parents are both working, so my financial situation is good, but... um... I was very eager to study abroad while I was young.

My family is my mom, dad and brother. My brother is three years older than me, and he now works in a company that sells cars.

And my father is like a manager in a school.

➡➡ Your family sounds fabulous. Anyhow, it seems, from what I’ve heard that your schedule is very busy now?

Why is my schedule so busy? Well, it’s because I have too many tasks at the moment. First is to study Japanese, and it is taking a long time. And a second issue is I have a part-time job to pay the tuition. This also eats my time.

Hmm. Yes, a little busy because I have to spend a lot of time on activities.

I also take some extra courses and do research.

Plus I have my part-time jobs!

➡➡ You are so hardworking! Really! And do you like school?

Like school? This school?

Yes. I really like it. The school is beautiful. The facilities are very good, and my research is interesting.

School is fine. It’s harder than I had expected, but the library is good, and my professors are really helpful.

Reaching Out

Your Own Replies

11

9. Gambit Mapping >>> Talking About Yourself Map out your conversation with your partner by choosing just one option, which your partner answers. Write down your partner’s answers before choosing another question.

Option A: What’s your name? [ ]

Option A: What sport are you doing now ? [ ]

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Option B: What’s new? [ ]

Option B: Where are you living now? [ ]

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Answer ......................................................

Option A: Hmm... I didn’t know that. Now, what are you going to do next year? [ ]

Option A: Well, how interesting. So, what are your parents doing? [ ]

Option B: Hmm... I thought you were tired of that. Don’t you want to do something different this year? [ ]

Option B: Well, how interesting. So, I heard you like to swim, jog, and play baseball. [ ]

Answer ......................................................

Answer ......................................................

Answer ......................................................

Question: ......................................................?

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Question: ......................................................?

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Question: ......................................................?

Question: ......................................................?

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Question: ......................................................?

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Answer ............... ............................ ...........................

Last Question: ...........................................................................................................................................................................?

12

Excellent 5 points [ ] Good 4 points [ ]

Average Fair

3 points [ ] 2 points [ ]

Poor 1 point [ ] Incomplete 0 points [ ] Reaching Out

10. Evaluation Challenge >>> Making Questions About Families Write questions about your partner’s family using the following key words for the questions and some of the verbs below.

1. Can you 2. Do you 3. Must you 4. Could you 5. Did you 6. Has he 7. Will you 8. Does she 9. Have they 10. Would you 11. Who do you 12. Am I 13. Shall we 14. What 15. Is there 16. Should they 17. Which 18. Are you 19. May I 20. When can you 21. Was I 22. Why were you 23. How 24. Where 25. Why

Verbs • • • •

to make to talk to clean to teach

• • • •

to spend to hike to ride a bike to read

• • • •

to swim to climb to watch to walk

• • • •

to play to think to write to run

• • • •

to go to try to talk with to drive

Score (Grammar) Excellent 22 - 25 points Good 18 - 21 points

Reaching Out

Average 14 - 17 points Fair 10 - 13 points

Poor 6 - 9 points Incomplete 0 - 5 points

13

11. Grammar Matrix Exploratory Questions We use exploratory questions to know more about something.

• which (determiner): Which pet do you want to buy?

• what (thing): What do you think is best?

• whose (owner): Whose TV is this?

• who (person): Who is going to go to the store?

• where (location): Where is the money?

• how (manner): How are you going to do this?

Prepositions Used In Questions Of Place, Choice, Who Prepositions in English have meaning in terms of location or how something is done.

For example: • over, on = means above something, placed on top • under, below = means beneath an object, lying underneath • through = going in between or actually into and out of an object • around = going next to an object, close to it.

• in = inside or within an object or time frame.

• to ­= going in the direction of an object or thing.

• at = looking or going toward an object, time frame, or person.

• for = doing an act to please a person; also indicates time frame, e.g., for 3 days

Verbs (Infinitives) Infinitives are recognized by the word to that goes before them. So, for example, to do, to be, to have.

• I need to bike to the store.

• I like to swim in the ocean.

• We prefer to drink tea.

• She failed to pass the test.

Articles ( Use Of A + The ) Articles are often a problem for Japanese students.

Articles like the indicate a specific object, group, or time frame, whereas a often implies no specific object, group or time frame, but refers to one in general: • She likes the dress. = There is a specific dress that she prefers.

• She would like a dress. = Any dress will be OK.

Prepositions And Articles Functioning In Exploratory Questions • whose “Whose house has he been visiting for the past month?

[Indicates a certain time frame] • who “Who is going to the store?” [toward a specific store] • where “Where is all the money?”

[About a specific amount of money] Tip: There are (at least) 27 ways to begin a question: • • • • • • • •

14

Can Do Must Might

• • • •

Could Did Has Where

• • • •

Will Does Have Were

• Would • Who • Am

• Shall • What • Is

• Should • Which • Are

• May • When • Was

• Why • How • Had

To ask about frequency of an action, use how often.

To ask about distance or time, use how long.

To find out about amount or cost, use how much.

To inquire about the number or quantity, use how many.

Reaching Out

Unit 2: Interests And Hobbies

1. Kick Off >>> “What Are Your Hobbies?”

Answer these questions about your interests and hobbies. Then ask your classmates and make notes in the table.

Outside Activities a. You play baseball, don’t you? b. You run, right? c. You never go dancing, do you? d. You bike a lot, don’t you? e. I bet you swim, right?

Indoor Activities f. You can draw pictures pretty well, can’t you? g. You play a musical instrument, right? h. You probably do a lot of calligraphy, don’t you? i. You’re a good writer, aren’t you?

School Activities j. You really like chemistry, don’t you? k. You have always get good scores in math, right? l. You don’t like physics so much, do you? m. You don’t know much about history, right?

You

Classmate 1

Classmate 2

Ask these comparative questions concerning interests and hobbies.

1. Which is better: baseball or soccer? Why? .................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................................

2. Isn’t drawing pictures more interesting than playing a musical instrument? .................................................. .....................................................................................................................................................................

3. Can you say that chemistry is more appealing than math? ............................................................................ .....................................................................................................................................................................

Reaching Out

15