Strategy & Type Specifications - Pavement Parking Notice Enclosed

Strategy & Type Specifications Pavement Parking Notice Enclosed

Emma Brown Protest! / 078-071

Strategy

01

Grids

02

Typography

10

Body Text

12

Paragraph Indicators

14

Contents Page

16

Chapter Pages & Front Cover

18

Small caps

20

Folio

20

Dashes

21

Underline

21

Strikethrough

22

Paragraph Rules

22

Concealed spread

23

Other visual devices

24

Photography

26

Colour

27

Paper

27

Printing

28

Finishing

28

Content References

29

a

Strategy Pavement parking, either partially or fully,

regret of the effects of one’s actions.

causes problems for many pedestrians, in

Lastly, the audience is guided to a

particular for those who push buggies or

webpage which contains information

prams, people in wheelchairs or mobility

on the effects of pavement parking and

scooters and the blind or partially sighted.

a quick poll to ask if the information

For too long, the issue of pavement

contained in the parking notice has had an

parking has caused huge inconvenience,

effect on their parking habits in order to

pain, worry, and danger for people within

gauge public reaction.

these groups. The influence of design is

‘Pavement Parking Notice Enclosed’,

enormous and, with this in mind, it is

the book, is targeted towards Bristol City

important to use design carefully, as a catalyst

Council; it details the laws, effects, and

for positive social change. It is through

consequences surrounding pavement

in-depth research, relatable content, and

parking in Bristol, and the public reaction

the persuasion of design that this project

after receiving a pavement parking notice.

educates those who practice pavement

The book suggests that the current

parking. The project also addresses

enforcement of the law, which prohibits

the council to reassess their means of

pavement parking in Bristol is flawed, and

preventing pavement parking.

that if people are unwilling to change their

People who park vehicles partially

parking habits for others, perhaps the

or fully on the pavement are the target

council should do more to enforce good

audience for the Pavement Parking Notice.

parking habits. This could be achieved by

The notice is intended to closely resemble

adding double yellow lines to roads that

a parking ticket at first glance, packaged

are too narrow for legal parking, whilst

in pvc sheeting and placed on vehicle

allowing sufficient space for other vehicles

windscreens as a way to engage the target

to pass. The dimensions of the book allow

audience with the content. The ticket

it to be comfortably posted to the Council.

contains information about the people

The book and parking notice relate

most affected by their actions, and the cost

to each other through design; both share

to the taxpayer – this is communicated in

typefaces, use the same colour pallet, and

an unthreatening manner, achieved by

hint at issues of space and restriction through

use of bright colours and approachable

consistent borders. Typographic hierarchy

typography. The friendly aesthetic of the

is achieved through application of styles,

parking notice creates a compassionate,

colour, or underlines, and different typefaces

persuasive tone that instills feelings of

are used in order to clearly distinguish the

understanding towards the content and

voice of the author according to the content.

01

Grids Parking Notice Page dimensions 110 x 270 mm

I wanted the parking ticket to closely

is based on a french fold, which allows the

resemble a real parking ticket, so as to

ticket frontage and enclosed information

evoke a reaction with the vehicle owners.

to be displayed within one printed item.

With this aim in mind, the dimensions of

Fold lines were added as guides to ensure

the ticket are similar to the dimensions of

that text did not fall on a fold .

parking tickets within the uk. The ticket

1. Head margin

5. Fold guide

13.5 mm

90 mm from the top of the page

2. Foot margin 13.5 mm

6. Fold guide 180 mm from the top of

3. Left margin 12 mm 4. Right margin 12 mm

02

the page

1 3

4

5

6

2

03

Grids The layout of the parking ticket is aligned using the margins, baseline grid and fold guides.

04

How do you feel about pavement parking since receiving this notice? Let us know at: www.pavementsforpeople.tumblr.com

— Richard Lees, guide dog owner

HELLO VEHICLE OWNER

I rely on my guide dog to get me to work each day.

It is very frustrating when I encounter vehicles parked on pavements forcing me to walk in the road. This is dangerous not only for blind people but also for others.

Unfortunately it happens very frequently.

You have received this notice as you were either partially or fully blocking a pavement. Maybe you wanted to leave a wider road

PAVEMENT PARKING NOTICE ENCLOSED WARNING

THE ENCLOSED INFORMATION MAY CAUSE YOU TO CONSIDER THE CONSEQUENCES OF YOUR ACTIONS AND BREAK BAD HABITS

space for passing traffic or to be closer to your destination – but have you considered the impact on others?

Not all pedestrians are able to pass if you have caused a reduced width of pavement, and nobody can pass if you’ve blocked the pavement entirely.

The people most affected by pavement parking are: > wheelchair & mobility scooter users > people with prams/buggies > blind & partially sighted people These groups of people may be forced into the road to pass.

This is especially dangerous for blind or partially sighted people who are less able to check for oncoming traffic. You may also be obstructing access to property.

Please also consider that pavements are designed and constructed to take the weight of pedestrians, wheelchairs and mobility scooters. The weight of a vehicle can cause damage to pavements, resulting in use of local taxes to carry out inconvenient resurfacing. This can be avoided by parking considerately.

05

Grids Book Primary page dimensions 110 x 190 mm Tip-in dimensions 110 x 164 mm

The width of the pages were chosen to

overall dimensions are similar to the aerial

be the same width as the parking ticket;

ratio of a small car, commonly found in

this allows the parking ticket to be used

the areas which were ticketed. The small

as a front cover for the book, temporarily

size of the book makes it easy to send to

attached with a bellyband. The height of

the target audience via post.

the pages were then chosen so that the

1. Head margin

5. Gutter margin

Primary: 16 mm

20 mm

2. Tip-in head margin

6. Column width

19.6 mm

12.8 mm

3. Foot margin

7. Gutter

21 mm

4 mm

4. Fore-edge margin 10 mm

06

1 5

4

2

6 3

7

07

Grids Rule 244 of the Highway Code states: You MUST NOT park partially or wholly on the pavement in London, and should not do so elsewhere unless signs permit it. Parking on the pavement can obstruct and seriously inconvenience pedestrians, people in wheelchairs or with visual impairments and people with prams or pushchairs.

Law GL(GP)A sect 15 This rule suggests it is illegal to park on the pavements anywhere in the uk unless signs specifically permit it. However, the rule is not as black and white as it would seem.

The Bristol City Council website states that pavement parking is illegal, with no further information, so I emailed bcc’s parking services to find out more.

Page 08

Question: Who enforces the law against parking on the pavement?

Bristol City Council: Parking on footpaths is enforced by both the Council and the Police dependant on the circumstances. q: What are the criteria for issuing a ticket/ penalty for parking on the pavement? bcc: The police can issue a Fixed Penalty Notice for any vehicle that is parked on a pavement. The Council can only issue a Penalty Charge Notice if either of the following circumstances are applicable: There’s no way I could go out by myself either on my scooter or my wheelchair as I wouldn’t be able to use the pavements.

Most vehicles are parked on the pavements around where I live and so close together on either side of the road that an ambulance, fire brigade, or a four wheel drive would find it impossible to get through. If we go to the restaurant in the village and use the wheelchair, my husband has to push me up the road as we can’t use the pavements. Some block the pavements altogether. Therefore, if I could go out myself, with being deaf, I’d be at risk on the road as I can’t hear the traffic behind me. I’ve actually sold my mobility scooter due to the above problem – I wasn’t getting the use out of it as I should.

— Ally

Page 24

08

I’m affected by vehicles blocking the pavements weekly. It makes me frustrated and angry as it’s physically difficult to get down the pavement and back up again without assistance. People who park on pavements are putting lives at risk.

— Matt

Pages 32, 34 & 35

will have older siblings who will walk next to the responsible adult on journeys – this means another child, whose movements are difficult to control, can also be forced into a dangerous situation. Furthermore, forcing adults to take young children into the road more often than should be necessary is counterintuitive when trying to teach children the importance of road safety.

When my children were young nobody parked on the pavement, but I have had to avoid parked cars on the pavement when pushing my granddaughter. It’s very irritating as you either have to risk it and push the buggy into the road to get around the car, or anticipate the obstruction and cross the road before you get to it and walk on the opposite pavement which might not be where you want to be. Either way you have to leave your preferred course temporarily and risk being on the road while you avoid the car. It is very annoying and I feel particularly sorry for people with a buggy and another small child walking beside them. — Christine 35

Within the restrictively sized document, a five column grid was chosen to allow some flexibility. The gutter margin is larger than the fore-edge margin as the book was to be perfect bound. The foot margin is also large to allow the book to be held or turned without obscuring the content.

09

Typography The parking ticket and book use a total

as it is an approachable typeface; this was

of five typefaces. Source Sans Pro was

in order to communicate the content in a

initially chosen for the outer-facing part

gentle manner so as to instill a feeling of

of the parking ticket, as it resembles the

understanding and regret. UK Number

uncomplicated typeface used on real

Plate was chosen to closely resemble

parking tickets, and was then used within

vehicle registrations. Bitter and ITC

the book for folios to create consistency

Officina Sans were chosen to compliment

between the two elements. Brandon

the other typefaces, to identify new

Grotesque was chosen for the remaining,

chapter headings and differentiate between

informative elements of the parking ticket

my voice and the voices of others.

Bitter Designer: Sol Matas Date: 2011

Brandon Grotesque Designer: Hannes von DĂ–hren Date: 2010

10

ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklm nopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789 ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklm nopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

ITC Officina Sans Designers: Erik Spiekermann / Ole Sch채fer Date: 1998

Source Sans Pro Designer: Paul D. Hunt Date: 2012

UK Number Plate Designer: Gareth Atrrill Date: 2002

ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklm nopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789 ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklm nopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789

ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklm nopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789 11

Body Text To differentiate between the first person

10 pt, which illustrates a definitive change

voice and the voices of others within the

in narrator, as the x-height and set width

book; two different typefaces were used

of ITC Officina Sans are greater than

for body copy. Both typefaces are used at

those of Brandon Grotesque.

HELLO VEHICLE OWNER You have received this notice as you were either partially or fully blocking a pavement. Maybe you wanted to leave a wider road space for passing traffic or to be closer to your destination – but have you considered the impact on others?

Not all pedestrians are able to pass if you have caused a reduced width of pavement, and nobody can pass if you’ve blocked the pavement entirely.

The people most affected by pavement parking are: > wheelchair & mobility scooter users > people with prams/buggies > blind & partially sighted people These groups of people may be forced into the road to pass.

This is especially dangerous for blind or partially sighted people who are less able to check for oncoming traffic. You may also be obstructing access to property.

Please also consider that pavements are designed and constructed to take the weight of pedestrians, wheelchairs and mobility scooters. The weight of a vehicle can cause damage to pavements, resulting in use of local taxes to

1

12

carry out inconvenient resurfacing. This can be avoided by parking considerately.

2

3

At the time of print, the poll has received three responses, all stating that since receiving a pavement parking notice their parking habits have not changed. One person, Gareth, sent an email to explain his stance.

Good morning, This morning I received one of your parking notices for parking on the pavement. We have no option but to park on the pavement on Sion Road due to the lack of available parking outside of our house. Whilst we attempt, where possible to leave a sufficient space for pedestrians, we also must consider the space for vehicles driving down Sion Road. This includes emergency vehicles.

Two days ago, a fire engine could not get to an emergency on our road as a car had parked too far over and did not leave sufficient space for the fire engine to get through. Whilst I can imagine that covering the pavement is a nuisance for pedestrians, especially those with disabilities, access for emergency vehicles must take priority over pedestrians. The answer maybe to widen the pavement on this road?

Regards, Gareth

65

1. Parking Notice

2. Book

3. Book

First person voice

First person voice

Others’ voices

Brandon Grotesque

Brandon Grotesque

ITC Officina Sans

Regular

Regular

Book

10 / 16 pt

10 / 14 pt

10 / 14 pt 13

Paragraph Indicators Within the body copy of the book,

character colour with the author in bold,

pararaph indicators consist of a 5 mm

abbreviated and amended to small caps

first line left indent. Where a large quote

from the second question onwards. Where

is included within body copy, a 5 mm

bulleted points are contained within an

left indent is applied. The change in

answer, these are left indented by 5 mm

author within the interview on pages

with a 9 mm tab position.

8—10 is represented through a change in

1. Paragraph indicator

4. Paragraph indicator

5 mm first line indent

Answer Character colour: black

2. Paragraph indicator

Author: Bold, later abbreviated and

Large quote within body copy

small caps applied

Left indent: 5 mm 5. Paragraph indicator 3. Paragraph indicator

Bulleted points within an answer

Question

Left indent: 5 mm

Character colour: orange

Bullet colour: orange

Author: Bold, later abbreviated and

Text colour: black

small caps applied

14

1

2

Rule 244 of the Highway Code states: You MUST NOT park partially or wholly on the pavement in London, and should not do so elsewhere unless signs permit it. Parking on the pavement can obstruct and seriously inconvenience pedestrians, people in wheelchairs or with visual impairments and people with prams or pushchairs.

Law GL(GP)A sect 15 This rule suggests it is illegal to park on the pavements anywhere in the uk unless signs specifically permit it. However, the rule is not as black and white as it would seem.

The Bristol City Council website states that pavement parking is illegal, with no further information, so I emailed bcc’s parking services to find out more.

Question: Who enforces the law against parking on the pavement?

Bristol City Council: Parking on footpaths is enforced by both the Council and the Police dependant on the circumstances. q: What are the criteria for issuing a ticket/ penalty for parking on the pavement? bcc: The police can issue a Fixed Penalty Notice for any vehicle that is parked on a pavement. The Council can only issue a Penalty Charge Notice if either of the following circumstances are applicable:

Pavement parking is a problem in many parts of the uk. It can affect anyone, but there are some groups of people who are more likely to be affected and for who it can be significantly more problematic.

According to a 2013 survey carried out by YouGov Plc, 54% of drivers admit that they park on the pavement, and 22% of uk drivers hadn’t considered that parking a vehicle on the pavement could put pedestrians in danger by forcing them to use the road.

I decided to find out more about the laws around pavement parking, talk to the people most affected by pavement parking and do something to try to make a positive difference.

5

a. If there is a Traffic Regulation Order (tro) in place specifically for the location of the contravention that specifically prohibits parking on a pavement. b. If there is a parking restriction i.e. a double/single yellow line that is marked on the carriageway adjacent to the pavement.

The legal power that allows the Council to issue a Penalty Charge Notice to vehicles that contravenes the parking restriction extends across both the carriageway and the pavement up to the building line.

Please note that the Council cannot issue a Penalty Charge Notice specifically for parking on a pavement unless a tro is in force that allows it. There are a number of locations around the city centre where tros have been implemented in response to problems. However, currently city wide ‘blanket’ tros for parking on pavements only exist in London. This legislation has not yet been rolled out across England & Wales.

Currently it is too impractical and expensive to introduce a tro for each street in Bristol for this contravention. q: What are the current penalties for parking on the pavement? bcc: The Council can issue a Penalty Charge Notice for £70 (reduced to £35 if paid within 14 days). If necessary the offending vehicle can also be removed to a car pound.

09

4 3 15

Contents Page The contents page uses the verso and the

reading between chapter heading and page

recto, with a photographic introduction

number. To frame the content, make the

to the topic on the verso which also keeps

contents page stand out, and to correlate

consistency with the chapter pages, and the

with the chapter pages, there is a yellow

contents listed on the recto. The leading is

frame consisting of four rectangles.

double the baseline grid to allow ease of

1. Rectangle Width: 9.906 mm Height: 110 2. Rectangle

1

Width: 10 mm Height: 190 mm 3. Rectangle

Verso 2

Width: 9.906 mm Height: 115.825 mm

4

4. Image Width: 110mm Height: 170.187 mm 5. Chapter Heading Brandon Grotesque Regular 10 / 28 pt Aligned to baseline grid 6. Page Numbers Brandon Grotesque Bold 8 / 28 pt Aligned to baseline grid 16

3

1 Recto 2

5

Introduction

03

The law

07

The plan

15

Wheelchair & mobility scooter users

19

Pram & buggy users

31

Blind & partially sighted people

43

A possible solution?

55

Reception

63

6

3

17

Chapter Pages & Front Cover The chapter pages follow the same design

attached by a pvc bellyband which, when

as the contents page, with a yellow border

removed, reveals a yellow rectangle to

around the spread. The chapter headings

mirror the black stroke found on the

are centre aligned both vertically and

parking notice. The front cover, excluding

horizontally. The front cover consists of

the parking notice, has been kept minimal

the pavement parking notice, temporarily

to emphasise the feeling of space.

1. Rectangle Width: 102 mm 1

Height: 82 mm Weight: 4 pt Stroke aligned to inside 2. Rectangle Width: 10 mm Height: 190 mm 3. Rectangle Width: 9.906 mm Height: 115.825 mm 4. Image Width: 110mm Height: 170.187 mm 5. Chapter Heading Bitter Regular 26.5 / 42 pt Centre aligned Aligned to baseline grid

18

5

2

Blind & partially sighted people

3

4

6

19

The vehicle would be released upon payment of £140 (£105 release fee plus £35 Penalty Pavement parking is a problemCharge in manyNotice). parts Please note that the removal of the uk. It can affect anyone, but there of a vehicle would depend on the situation and are some groups of people who are more the problems that the vehicle is causing. likely to be affectedare andthe for worst who it around can be here Mondays q: How many tickets have been issued for Small caps have been used for more acronyms significantly problematic. because you’ve gotparking cars onon thethe pavement pavement in Bristol over According to aused, 2013 survey carriedbins out out; by it’s within body copy. As the typeface and everyone’s gotthe their last year?

YouGov Plc,have 54%small of drivers admit that they Brandon Grotesque, doesn’t awkward because there’s not enough bcc: 44 Penalty Charge Notices have been park on the pavement, and 22% of uk drivers caps within the glyphs, a 0.03 pt stroke space to get in past. It’s horrible issued sincehaving Augustto2012. This relatively hadn’t considered that parking a vehicle on takeapplied my fourteen-month daughter the character colour has been to small old amount is dueinto to the limited amount the pavement could put pedestrians in danger the road because you get a lot of speeding of locations where tro s are in force. If the each small cap for visual consistency. by forcing them to use the road. lunatics around here.

It’s scary, but what law allowed I decided to find out more about the lawsfor the Council to introduce are you going to do?a city You wide can’t blanket just stand tro the number would around pavement parking, talk to the people there and wait for them to move. be much higher. Please note that, as most affected by pavement parking and do — Hannah highlighted previously, many vehicles that something to try to make a positive difference.

Small caps

are parked on a pavement have received a Penalty Charge Notice for the adjacent parking restriction. I do not have the facility to ‘draw out’ these Penalty Charge Notices from the remainder. q: Are there any exceptions or areas where The folio appears on alternate pages within the book. pavement parking is permitted in Bristol?

Where an image has been placed on the usual position of bcc: I have highlighted the circumstances in a folio, it is removed. The folio is also removedwhich fromthe theCouncil can issue Penalty Charge contents page and chapter heading pages.

Notices. Outside of these circumstances the Council is unable to take action. However, this does not mean that the remainder of the vehicles parked on pavements in Bristol are doing so legally.

Folio

37

Verso folio

Recto folio

No folio

Source Sans Pro, Regular, 10 pt, aligned left Placed just under half way between the boundary box and the bottom of the page.

20

There’s no way I could go out by myself either on my scooter or my wheelchair as I wouldn’t be able to use the pavements.

Most vehicles are parked on the pavements around where I live and so close together on either side of the road that an ambulance, fire brigade, or a four wheel drive would find it impossible totext. get En dashes have been used within body through. If we go to the restaurant in the village and use the wheelchair, my husband Em dashes have been used prior to the name of a has to push me up the road as we can’t use quotation and in photo captions between the the source, pavements.

Some block the pavements time and description. altogether.

Therefore, if I could go out myself, with being deaf, I’d be at risk on the road as I can’t hear the traffic behind me. I’ve actually sold my mobility scooter due to the above problem – I wasn’t getting the use out of it as I should.

— Ally

Dashes

1.

04:19 — Just about to receive a notice

2. 10:21 — The re-visit

I’m affected by vehicles blocking the pavements weekly. It makes me frustrated and angry as it’s physically difficult to get down the pavement and back up again without assistance. People who park on Pavement parking is a problem in many parts pavements are putting lives at risk. of the uk. It can affect anyone, but there — Matt are some groups of people who are more likely to be affected and for who it can be significantly more problematic.

An underline has been used in two According to a 2013 survey carried out by YouGov Plc, 54% of drivers admit that they instances on page 04 to highlight figures park on the pavement, and 22% of uk drivers within the copy. hadn’t considered that parking a vehicle on the pavement could put pedestrians in danger Underline by forcing them to use the road.

Weight 0.5 pt, offset: 1 pt, solid, orange I decided to find out more about the laws around pavement parking, talk to the people most affected by pavement parking and do something to try to make a positive difference.

Underline 1.

2.

21

T

J

Strikethrough Good morning, This morning I received one of your parking notices for parking on the pavement. We have no option but to park on the pavement on Sion Road due to the lack of available parking outside of our house. Whilst we attempt, where possible to leave a sufficient space for pedestrians, we also must consider the space for vehicles driving down Sion Road. This includes emergency vehicles.

Two days ago, a fire engine could not get to an emergency on our road as a car had parked too far over and did not leave Strikethroughs havefor been sufficient space the fire engine to get Peugeot Volkswagen used through. within the concealed Whilst I can imagine that covering the pavement is a nuisance for pedestrians, spread between pages 59 with disabilities, access forAudi Honda & 60,especially to censorthose vehicle emergency vehicles must take priority over registrations, once again, pedestrians. The answer maybe to widen the to allow anonymity.

Peugeot pavement on this road?

Renault Regards, Vehicle registration Gareth

Lhhh LXZ Whhh HDE Vhhh KBM

Whhh LJC

strikethrough

Whhh OHZ

Lhhh YSU

Whhh XCY Fhhh WHZ

Citroen

Citroen

Strikethroughs have been used in a few cases within body copy to censor road names to allow anonymity.

Body copy strikethrough weight 8pt, offset: 3.333 pt, solid, black

Lhhh PFY Renault

Rhhh XWC Nissan

Whhh KPR Vauxhall

Yhhh LZT Vauxhall

weight 13pt, offset: 5.333 pt, black Yhhhsolid, JNP

Chhh WDY

Vauxhall

Whhh OBM

Ford

Dhhh UAL

Paragraph rules

Ford

Fhhh MZX Paragraph rules have been applied to the

Vauxhall

numberplates in the concealed spread between pages 59 & 60, to create a consistent numberplate aesthetic.

U

Peugeot

Dhhh UDH

Ford

Whhh KLA Fiat

Ohhh VGF

Volkswagen Vehicle registration paragraph rules

Land Rover

65 31pt, offset 4.5 mm, Rule above, weight

Rhhh DJN Whhh JDW width – column, yellow Volkswagen

Thhh JRL Suzuki

22

Whhh HTJ

BMW

Hhhh UOY Nissan

Concealed spread Between pages 59 & 60 is a hidden spread

is made more difficult for those affected by

which contains the makes and registrations

pavement parking.

of all thirty-four vehicles which received

Unfortunately, in the finished books,

a pavement parking notice. This was

pages 59, 60 & the concealed spreads

achieved by printing the pages as a spread

appear narrower than the other pages.

and perfect binding them within the book

This was an error by the printer rather

on the loose edge. This was added as a

than an error in the design as all mock-ups

nod towards obstruction and making the

were successfully aligned.

content more difficult to obtain, just as life

Fhhh NEY Toyota

Yhhh RET Ford

Xhhh FGT Volkswagen

Whhh EYT Kia

Phhh OWF Ford

Ehhh 441J Rover

Ahhh HPF Ford

Lhhh LXZ

Whhh OHZ

Volkswagen

Peugeot

Whhh HDE

Lhhh YSU

Honda

Audi

Vhhh KBM

Whhh XCY

Peugeot

Renault

Whhh LJC

Fhhh WHZ

Citroen

Citroen

Yhhh JNP

Chhh WDY

Vauxhall

Ford

Whhh OBM

Dhhh UAL

Ford

Peugeot

Fhhh MZX

Dhhh UDH

Vauxhall

Land Rover

Khhh NBZ

Rhhh DJN

Audi

Volkswagen

Whhh GZU

Thhh JRL

Nissan

Suzuki

Vehicle registration

Vehicle make

UK Number Plate

Bitter

Regular

Italic

6 / 42 pt

6 / 42 pt

Lhhh PFY Renault

Rhhh XWC Nissan

Whhh KPR Vauxhall

Yhhh LZT Vauxhall

Whhh HTJ Ford

Whhh KLA Fiat

Ohhh VGF Volkswagen

Whhh JDW BMW

Hhhh UOY Nissan

23

Other visual devices 1. Rectangle

5. Rectangle

Height 164.6 mm, width 194.602 mm,

Height 190 mm, width 3.5 mm

yellow, 5 pt solid stroke black 6. Rectangle

24

2. Vector drawn pattern

Height 90 mm, width 110 mm, yellow

3. Rectangle

7. Rule

Height 190 mm, width 10 mm, yellow

Length 86 mm, 0.5 pt, solid, black

4. Rule

8. Rectangle

Length 95 mm, 0.2 pt, solid, grey

Height 180 mm, width 4.4 mm, yellow

1 2 3 Typset Bitter Brandon Grotesque ITC Officina Sans Source Sans Pro UK Numberplate Printed on Fedrigoni Splendorgel Printed & bound by Ripe Digital Ltd. Emma L Brown www.emmalbrown.com

4

5

There’s one road I walk down which always has cars parked on the pavement all down one side, and the pavement’s really narrow so you have to swerve around everything and sometimes walk down the middle of the road to get past. It’s frustrating because you have to stop and figure out how to get around the obstruction, which can be dangerous because if you’ve got to walk down the middle of the road with your child it’s not that safe. Sometimes you have to backtrack quite a long way if there are several cars parked, and you have to turn back to find a way around. I don’t really know why people park on the pavement – it’s probably because there’s not enough space to properly park two cars on both sides of the road, but if that’s the case then they shouldn’t be parking there. If people

HELLO VEHICLE OWNER

6

You have received this notice as you were either partially or fully blocking a pavement. Maybe you wanted to leave a wider road space for passing traffic or to be closer to your destination – but have you considered the impact on others?

Not all pedestrians are able to pass if you have caused a reduced width of pavement, and nobody can pass if you’ve blocked the pavement entirely.

The people most affected by pavement parking are: > wheelchair & mobility scooter users > people with prams/buggies > blind & partially sighted people These groups of people may be forced into the road to pass.

This is especially dangerous for blind or partially sighted people who are less able to check for oncoming traffic. You may also be obstructing access to property.

7

Please also consider that pavements are designed and constructed to take the weight of pedestrians, wheelchairs and mobility scooters. The weight of a vehicle can cause damage to pavements, resulting in use of local taxes to carry out inconvenient resurfacing. This can be avoided by parking considerately.

8

25

Photography 1

All photographs featured within the book are my own.

1. Colour images Converted to 300 dpi and cmyk, often partially or fully coloured with a yellow tint using the InDesign multiply effect 2. Chapter & contents page images Converted to 300 dpi and greyscale

2

26

Colour The primary colour used is yellow, based

Yellow

on the colour found on parking tickets. An

C/1.28 M/13.19 Y/99.98 K/0

orange was chosen to be used sparingly in order to create typographic heirarchy

Orange

through underlines and character colour.

C/0 M/71.19 Y/76.54 K/0

Paper Fedrigoni Splendorgel has been used in two different weights, provided by Ripe Digital.

Fedrigoni Splendorgel EW

Fedrigoni Splendorgel EW

160 gsm

340 gsm

(Parking notice & book inside pages)

(Book covers)

27

Printing Printed by Ripe Digital Ltd. Printed with HP Indigo 5500 digital press

Finishing Book

Parking ticket

Trimmed with

Trimmed with

Mohr 56 eco guillotine

Mohr 56 eco guillotine

(Ripe Digital)

(Ripe Digital)

Folding

Folding

Digifold Pro 5000

By hand using a bone folder

(Ripe Digital) Packaged for distribution Binding

pvc sheeting, bonded with

Perfect bound

high-frequency welder

(Ripe Digital) Bellyband pvc sheeting, bonded with high-frequency welder

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Content references Secondary research •

Action for Access Pavement Parking

Available from: www.actionforaccess.org/2749/news .

•

Bristol City Council Parking Restrictions

Available from: www.bristol.gov.uk/page/transportand-streets/parking-restrictions •

Cab Davidson (2013) Pavement Parking –

Montrose Close Available from: www.cambridge.shapeyourplace.org/ pavement-parking-montrose-close/#.UzMsfhbtt_h •

Carlton Reid (2002) Quirky 1835 Law Means

Bicycles can’t be Ridden on Pavements but Police Tend Not to Nab Cars which Park on Pavements Available from: www.roadswerenotbuiltforcars. com/1835highwayact •

Department for Transport (2011) Councils Told to use

their Powers to Prevent Parking on the Pavement Where it is a Problem and Causing an Obstruction Available from: www.gov.uk/government/news/freeingpedestrians-from-pavement-parking-blight •

Derek Kingsnorth (2011) Pavement Parking

Available from: www.rac.co.uk/forum/showthread. php?13764-Pavement-parking •

English Federation of Disability Sport Disability

Statistics - Facts and statistics Available from: www.efds.co.uk/resources/facts_and_statistics •

Gov.uk (2014) Rules for Users of Powered

Wheelchairs and Mobility Scooters (36 to 46) Available from: www.gov.uk/rules-powered-wheelchairsmobility-scooters-36-46 •

Gov.uk (2014) Waiting and Parking (238 to 252)

Available from: www.gov.uk/waiting-and-parking/ parking-239-to-247 •

Guide Dogs Parking Attitudes Survey 2013 29

Available from: www.guidedogs.org.uk/supportus/ campaigns/streets-ahead/information-for-localcampaigners/parking-attitudes-survey-2013/#.

UzMnshbtt_i •

London Councils Footway Parking

Available from: www.londoncouncils.gov.uk/ policylobbying/transport/parkinginlondon/ footwayparking.htm •

Office for National Statistics Statistical Bulletin

Births and Deaths in England and Wales, 2011 (Final) Available from: www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/birthsummary-tables--england-and-wales/2011--final-/sbbirths-and-deaths-in-england-and-wales--2011--final-.html •

Pedestrian Liberation (2012) Archive | Pavement Parking

Available from: www.pedestrianliberation.org/category/ pavement-parking/ •

RNIB, (2012) Sight Loss UK 2012 - The Latest

Evidence (report) •

The Shields Gazette (2013) Drivers Urged to Curb

Pavement Parking Available from: www.shieldsgazette.com/news/crime/ drivers-urged-to-curb-pavement-parking-1-5895878 •

This Is Somerset (2013) Car Parking on Pavements

‘an Everyday Nightmare’ for Blind Pedestrians Available from: www.westerndailypress.co.uk/Carparking-pavements-everyday-nightmare-blind/story17986273-detail/story.html

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