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Rustic Book Garden opens in Salamanca, promoting literacy year-round PAGE 3
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Pizza made perfect right at home
Pizza is among the most popular foods in many areas across the globe. Indeed, few people have likely had a slice of pizza and not wanted to have another at some in the near or distant future. Versatility of ingredients has undoubtedly contributed to the popularity of pizza. People can now enjoy pizza with a wide range of toppings. Homemade pizza has also become a staple in many households, and this Lines+Angles recipe for “Pizza With Peppers, Tomatoes, Onions, and Prosciutto” features an array of tasty toppings. Pizza With Peppers, Tomatoes, Onions, and Prosciutto Makes 4 servings For the crust: 1⁄2 teaspoon Instant Or Active Dry Yeast 3⁄4 cups warm water 2 cups allpurpose flour 1⁄2 teaspoon kosher salt 5 tablespoons good-quality olive oil, plus extra for the bowl and as needed
For the pizza toppings: 2 tablespoons good-quality olive oil 2 red bell peppers, rinsed, seeded, and cut into thin strips 21⁄2 cups cherry tomatoes, rinsed, trimmed, and halved 1 red onion, peeled and sliced into wedges Parmesan cheese, grated 11⁄3 cups fresh mozzarella cheese, thinly sliced or crumbled 12 slices Prosciutto, thinly sliced Fresh basil, rinsed and chopped, to taste 3 sprigs fresh oregano, rinsed and leaves chopped Salt, to taste Freshly cracked black pepper, to taste , For the crust: 1. Sprinkle yeast over warm water. Let stand for 5 minutes. 2. In the bowl of a standing mixer, combine flour and salt. With the mixer running on low speed (with paddle attachment), drizzle in olive oil until incorporated with flour. Pour in yeast
mixture and mix until the dough comes together in a sticky ball. 3. Coat a separate mixing bowl lightly with olive oil. Form the dough into a smooth ball, place the dough in the bowl and toss to coat dough in olive oil. Cover the bowl tightly with plastic wrap and set aside to rise for at least 1 to 2 hours. 4. Preheat oven to 450 F. Lightly oil a pizza pan. 5. Knead the dough for several minutes and reshape into a ball. Roll out the dough with a rolling pin or stretch it out, until very thin. Carefully transfer the dough to the prepared pizza pan. Drizzle a little olive oil over the dough and spread it to the edges. Season the crust lightly with salt. For the pizza toppings: 1. Prepare the vegetables. Sprinkle the prepared dough with Parmesan cheese. Arrange half of the mozzarella evenly over the top of the crust. Arrange the peppers, cherry tomatoes, onions, and prosciutto over the top of the mozzarella. Sprinkle with the remaining mozzarella, basil, and oregano. Season to taste with salt and pepper. 2. Bake for 15 to 17 minutes in the lower half of the oven, until the crust is golden brown and toppings are bubbly. Remove from oven and cut into slices and serve immediately.
Bryce Walterich
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October 29, 2026
In this week’s edition: Rifle made in 1800s in Cattaraugus County finds its way home See page 4
Rustic Book Garden opens in Salamanca, promoting literacy year-round BY DEB EVERTS SALAMANCA — Rustic Book Garden recently opened in a new brickand-mortar location at 303 Central Ave., next to the Corner Deli. Owned by Marra Stokes, the bookstore is bringing new adventures to Salamanca and the surrounding community. The space, formerly an ice cream shop, has been transformed into a cozy, little bookstore and gift shop that welcomes everyone, whether they are readers or not. Beyond books and audiobooks from Libro.fm, Stokes has a little something for everyone, including gifts, greeting cards, gift cards and games. A gift wrapping service is also available. Stokes said she wanted to do something fun for the community while getting kids to read. “We have lots of ideas, but our biggest goal is to just keep promoting literacy year-round,” she said. Stokes began her business as a tabletop vendor in June at the Salamanca Farmers Market and graduated to a mobile bookstore, but she wanted to offer the community a permanent location where everyone could relax, read, browse and shop. The transition from a mobile trailer unit to a traditional store happened quickly. She opened the doors to her new shop the weekend of Sept. 25, with a soft opening, and it’s been a crazy, chaotic couple of weeks since.
“The opening went really well. It was amazing how busy it was that Friday,” she said. “I was really surprised it would be so busy for a little bookstore. We didn’t advertise and just announced it on Facebook a couple of days before we opened.”
in this new business venture and helps her at the store whenever he can.
Stokes said being a vendor at the farmers market was a big part of her success. She said the Pour Taproom in Ellicottville hosted her business multiple times over the summer and their popularity grew.
ALTHOUGH STOKES may not be in the school library position anymore, she is still promoting literacy. She and Damian are building something special in town, and they hope to make it a family business that will include their children.
“He’s my favorite unpaid employee,” she said with a laugh.
“They were wonderful. They hosted us there June 13, and that’s where we actually had our first-ever, in-person event,” she said. “It was all tabletop sales and our best event to this day.”
Stokes, who grew up in Salamanca, thanks the community for their amazing support. “We just wanted to create something because, nationwide, there’s such a literacy crisis and we want to help combat that,” she said. “We also want to help our community find joy in reading and something to do that’s positive with their families.”
After she acquired the 17-foot mobile trailer unit, she was asked to set up at Katy’s Kafé in Ellicottville a few times, as well as Twist & Scoops Bar & Grill in Great Valley and the Seneca Iroquois National Museum. “It all happened so fast. Thanks to the Poor Tap Room, the Farmers Market and social media, it helped us get the word out there, quick,” she said.
Photo by Kellen M. Quigley Rustic Book Garden recently opened its doors at 303 Central Ave. in Salamanca, inviting all book lovers to explore what’s in store. Owner Marra Stokes (left) and her husband, Damian, stand outside the store’s front window.
Stokes said transporting her bookstore in a mobile trailer unit became a reality when a friend put his trailer up for sale at the end of April. She said the traveling store was an immediate hit.
love books later in life.
A BOOKSTORE BUSINESS may not have seemed an obvious choice when Stokes was growing up because she wasn’t an avid reader, but she learned to
In addition to her position at the school, which she has loved, Stokes has been a police officer for the City of Salamanca since 2011. She left the full-time city
Stokes brings vast experience in the library field to her new business. She’s a certified librarian and has served in that position at the Seneca Intermediate School for the past six years.
police job and went to parttime status in 2019 to pursue education. “I went right into teaching, but I never left the city, so I’m still a cop here,” she said. “When a full-time position opened up again at the police department, I decided to take it because I wanted to get back into law enforcement.” Stokes said the police hours are perfect for her
family and will put her closer to retirement, so they can have just the store someday. “It broke my heart to leave (the school), but it was better for our family,” she said. “I have loved my time in that district, so it was not an easy choice.” Stokes’s husband, Damian, who works at Martens Cleaning Service in Great Valley, supports her
The mobile trailer unit is still available for special events but, now that it’s getting colder, Stokes will probably focus on events starting back up in the spring. Current business hours are Tuesday, Thursday and Friday, 2 to 8 p.m., and Saturday and Sunday, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The store is closed Monday and Wednesday. To find out more details about the bookstore and what it offers, call (585) 307-8772, email rusticbookgarden@gmail. com or find Rustic Book Garden on Facebook.
Health Director Watkins recognized by NYS Senate member of the New York State Senate, I want to thank you and present you with this proclamation,” Borrello said.
BY KELLEN M. QUIGLEY LITTLE VALLEY — Cattaraugus County’s Public Health Director was recently commended for his service to the community with an official proclamation from the New York State Senate.
Watkins said he appreciated the honor, noting that his role as President of the New York State Association of Counties (NYSAC) comes with many benefits such as the organization’s “big voice” in the state.
Dr. Kevin D. Watkins was presented with a framed copy of the proclamation from Senator George Borrello on Oct. 14 in the Cattaraugus County Legislature chambers.
“If there’s anything I can do for you, for our county legislators, feel free to let me know,” he said. “I now have a platform, so let’s make sure that we use it.”
“What’s really significant about this is that we rarely agree on anything in Albany, but today we agree that you’ve done an amazing job for the people of this county,” Borrello told Watkins. Beyond his years of public service in Cattaraugus County, the proclamation noted Watkins’s membership in several influential state organizations, including the Public Health and Health
Photo by Kellen M. Quigley New York State Senator George Borrello (left) presents Dr. Kevin D. Watkins, Cattaraugus County Public Health Director, with a framed copy of a state Senate proclamation commending Watkins for his years of public service during the Oct. 14 Cattaraugus County Legislature meeting.
Planning Council, the Association of Counties, the Association of County Health Officials, the Opioid
Settlement Fund Advisory Board and the Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Advisory Council.
“You have been actively engaged so much, and on behalf of myself and every
On behalf of the legislature, Chairman M. Andrew Burr told Watkins they appreciate everything he does for the county, the legislature and their constituents. “You do a wonderful job, and we’re all indebted to your model of public service,” he said.
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Watkins has served as Cattaraugus County Public Health Director for more than 15 years. He earned his medical degree from the Chicago Medical School and has served throughout his career as a primary care physician, research scientist, public health physician, director of a faith and health outreach association and president of the New York State Association of County Health Officials (NYSACHO). Watkins has also served on the boards of numerous local organizations, including the Western New York Public Health Alliance, Southern Tier Health Care System Inc., Universal Primary Care, Cattaraugus Community Action, Healthy Community Alliance and the Western New York Physicians Leadership Team. He succeeds Oswego County Administrator Philip R. Church as NYSAC president.
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October 29, 2026
Rifle made in 1800s in Cattaraugus County finds its way home MACHIAS — A 19thcentury caplock rifle made by a Cattaraugus County gunsmith has recently made it back to the area after being donated to the Cattaraugus County Museum and Research Library, by way of Ohio and South Carolina.
rifle to the museum on behalf of the Fort family. The rifle will soon be placed on display at the museum for anyone interested in this piece of local history.
The rifle was made by Marvin F. Crandell, a gunsmith who owned a shop on Water Street in Gowanda, sometime in the mid- to late-1800s. The donor, Ronald Fort of Hilton Head, S.C., had acquired the rifle in a trade with a collector from Ohio, and had been thrilled to see “Gowanda” stamped onto the barrel, as he had grown up there. Fort reached out to the museum to offer it as a donation, feeling that it belonged back in the county where it was made. Crandell was born about 1829, and by March 7, 1851, was already advertising in the Cattaraugus Chronicle to announce to “sportsmen and the public in general, who wish to purchase the late improved gaining twist
Photo courtesy of Cattaraugus County Museum Hailey Fort (center) holds a rifle made by Gowanda gunsmith Marvin F. Crandell that was recently donated to the Cattaraugus County Museum by the Fort family. Pictured with Fort are members of the museum’s board of trustees, (from left) Steve Teachman, Myra Johnston, Jim McGrath, Bradley Parker and Jack Searles.
rifles, varying in prices from $16 to $50 to call at his shop.” He is listed in several gazettes and directories as a gunsmith through the 1860s and 1870s, though he seems to have reduced his output of firearms by the 1880s and turned to
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more general repair and fabrication work. The Cattaraugus County Museum had, prior to this donation, one Crandell rifle in its collections — an unusual swivel-barrel, breechloading .45-caliber,
attesting to Crandell’s ingenuity. The rifle donated by Fort is a very heavy, octagonalbarreled .45-caliber, with silver inlays in the stock. The barrel is stamped “Marvin F. Crandell, Gowanda.
Fort’s great-niece, Hailey Fort, a deputy in the Cattaraugus County Sheriff’s Office, attended a meeting of the museum’s board of trustees on Oct. 15, along with her parents, Jessica and Jeff Fort, and officially presented the
For history and firearms buffs, Crandell’s caplock rifle is a muzzleloader — meaning the powder and ball are loaded down the muzzle, just like the older flintlock. However, caplock percussion, which was developed in the early 1800s and before mid-century had become the standard, was much more reliable in terms of ignition when firing. Replacing the flintlock pan with its fine powder was a small copper cap, which held a chemical formula that exploded when struck by the rifle’s hammer. The cap was placed on a cone or nipple, through which the spark reached the powder in the muzzle — and usually led to more consistent ignition. For more information on the Crandell rifle or the museum, visit cattco.gov/museum, call (716) 353-8200 or email bjmcclellan@cattco.org.
Common household items you may not know can be recycled Recycling has become a part of daily life. When discarding items, people of all ages now know to deposit trash like food waste into traditional trash bins while items like cans and glass jars are placed in bins designated for recyclables. Many communities even have separate collection days for recyclables. Such routines have become rote, but there might be more to recycling than people realize. Many more items than bottles, cans and cardboard can be recycled. Keep America Beautiful, a nonprofit organization that aims to reduce litter and increase recycling, notes the following are some recyclable items that people may not recognize can be disposed of differently. • Batteries: There are many different types of batteries, and they can each be recycled in
is different, it’s best that individuals contact their local public works department to determine the best way to recycle each one.
different ways. Keep America Beautiful notes that recycling batteries helps to prevent toxic leaks in landfills. The Environmental Protection Agency reports that the metals found in batteries, which include mercury and lead, pose a threat to human health and the environment. The EPA also
notes that some batteries contain critical minerals like cobalt, lithium and graphite that have a high supply risk potential. Recycling such batteries can ensure those materials are available to future generations. Because each type of battery, from lithium ion batteries to alkaline batteries,
• Mattresses: It’s not uncommon to see a mattress sitting at a curb on garbage collection day. But the Mattress Recycling Council® notes that up to 75 percent of a mattress can be recycled and repurposed into another product. For example, the ticking on a mattress, which is the outermost decorative layer of a quilt panel, can be shredded and re-used in carpet padding. • Plastic grocery bags: Plastic grocery bags are recyclable, but it’s important to recognize that they cannot be placed in curbside recycling bins, as Keep America Beautiful notes that the bags can easily get caught in recycling center machinery. Many grocery stores have their own in-store plastic bag recycling bins, and shoppers can take used bags with them and deposit them in the bins each time they go shopping. • Electronics: Electronics are a major component of daily life in many households, but devices like tablets, laptops and smartphones do not last forever. The EPA notes that recycling electronic devices helps to conserve natural resources and reduce air and water pollution. When recycling electronics, the EPA urges users to first remove the batteries, which will need to be recycled separately. Many manufacturers have their own recycling programs, and the Consumer Technology Association (CTA)® is a great resource for people looking to recycle devices. These are just a handful of the many common household items that can be recycled. Many towns and municipalities have their own unique recycling measures, and individuals are urged to contact the appropriate authorities for information on how to recycle these and other less traditional recyclables.
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October 29, 2026
Cattaraugus County clerk race leads local elections for an unexpired seat on the town board.
BY BOB CLARK
LITTLE VALLEY — Several competitive races will appear on local ballots in Cattaraugus County this year.
Meanwhile, one race — a town justice post in Machias — has no candidates on the ballot, meaning a write-in will likely win the position.
The Cattaraugus County Board of Elections reported that one county-level race and eight local races will see voters choosing among more than one candidate in the Nov. 3 general election.
County and local candidates include:
At the county level, incumbent county Clerk Darrell T. Klute, appearing on the Republican and Conservative lines, will face Kristin M. Colburn on the Working Families line for a fouryear term. In the county’s two cities, the city of Salamanca will see competitive races for mayor and all five Common Council seats, while the city of Olean will see a competitive race to represent the Third Ward on the Common Council. Across towns, the town of Ashford will see Anthony J. Amore on the Republican line against Michael Boberg on the United Party line
CATTARAUGUS COUNTY — County Judge: Darryl R. Bloom (R, C); County Clerk: Darrell T. Klute (R, C), Kristin M. Colburn (WF); County Coroner: Cleon W. Easton, III (R, C); County Legislator - District 2: Brenda S. Hanson (R, C) CITY of OLEAN — Ward 1 Common Council: JR Bennion (R, C); Gloria J. Rosenthal (D, Common Sense), Balazs Busznyak (R); Ward 5 Common Council: Ann Marie Sitter-Tompkins (D, WF) CITY OF SALAMANCA — Mayor: Sandra L. Magiera (D, Citizens Choice); Michael R. Smith (Salamanca Proud); Alderman - Ward 1: Maureen L. Puvel (R, Citizens Choice), Joanne J. Hoag (Salamanca Proud); Alderman - Ward 2: Kylee J. Johnson (D, Citizens Choice), Brian W. Murphy (Salamanca
(D); Clerk: Sheila M. Fiebelkorn (D) LITTLE VALLEY — Highway Superintendent: Terry R. Rosell (R) LYNDON — Supervisor: Barbara Montante (D, R); Clerk: Emily Robinson (D, R); Highway Superintendent: George S. Schneider, Jr. (D), Jordon Green (R) MACHIAS — Justice: No candidates MANSFIELD — Supervisor: Carl R. Calarco, Jr. (R); Clerk: Betty Jane Proud); Alderman Hubbard (R); Justice: Horning (R); Highway Ward 3: Barry A. Smith Kalan M. Brown (R) Superintendent: Jeffrey (R), Matthew L. Quigley DAYTON — J. Williams (R) (Ward 3 Party), Dylan Supervisor, Crystal J. NAPOLI — J. Hackett (Salamanca Abers (R, C); Clerk: Supervisor: Daniel T. Proud); Alderman Kelly L. Kuhaneck Martonis (R); Clerk: Ward 4: Michael A. (R, C); Highway Victoria L. Bedell (R) Reed (D), Kyle E. Waite Superintendent: Larry PERSIA — (Good Direction), R. Miller (R, C); Justice: Supervisor: John T. Lee Chapman DeBoy Ellsworth A. Textor, Jr. Walgus (R); Justice: (Salamanca Proud); (R) Mark D. Hebner (R) Alderman - Ward FREEDOM — PORTVILLE — 5: Paul L. Myers (D, Councilmember: Cory Supervisor: Timothy D. Citizens Choice), Higgins (R) Emley (R) Zachary A. Tucker HUMPHREY — RED HOUSE (Salamanca Proud) Justice: Erin Whitcomb — Supervisor: ALLEGANY — (R) Harris Economou Supervisor: Christopher ISCHUA — (Community); J. McPherson (R) Supervisor: Sean Tuttle Clerk: Nancy Schaal ASHFORD — (R); Clerk: Kelle J. (Community); Highway Councilmember: Brisky (R); Highway Superintendent: Anthony J. Arnone (R), Superintendent: Cody Anderson Michael Boberg (United) Richard M. Michael, Jr. (Community); CONEWANGO (D); Tax Collector: Julie Justice: Jacob Segarra — Clerk: Jennifer A. McConnaughey(Community), Henry E. McGuire (R); Goodyear (R); Justice: Leible (Community) Councilmember: Mark A. Sage (R) SOUTH VALLEY Brian Pitts (R); LEON — Supervisor: — Supervisor: Councilmember: Danny Jacqueline Ann Ellis Kathy A. Burch (R);
Councilmember: Mark E. Burch (R); Highway Superintendent: Tyler Mendell (R) YORKSHIRE — Justice: Brenda L. Denk (R) EARLY VOTING began Oct. 24 in New York, with each county hosting sites for voters who can not get to the polls on Nov. 3. Voters may vote at any early polling site in their county. Cattaraugus County will host early voting at two sites — the Cattaraugus County Board of Elections, 207 Rock City St., Little Valley; and the JCC Olean Campus, Cutco Building Magnano Room, 305 N. Barry St. For more information on voting in Cattaraugus County, visit cattco.gov/boardelections. Remaining early voting dates and times include: Oct. 29, 8 a.m.-4 p.m. Oct. 30, 8 a.m.-4 p.m. Oct. 31, 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Nov. 1, 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Seneca Museum announces new permanent exhibit on Buffalo Creek SALAMANCA — The Seneca-Iroquois National Museum announces the new exhibit Between the Basswoods: The Story of Buffalo Creek will be on view beginning Nov. 16. This new permanent addition in the Onöhsagwë:de’ Cultural Center explores the Buffalo Creek territory, impactful Hodínöhšö:nih treaties and what
legacies remain now, two centuries later. The concept for this exhibit took root after the famous Seneca leader and orator Red Jacket’s peace medal was repatriated to the Seneca-Iroquois National Museum from The Buffalo History Museum in 2021. In 1792, President George Washington presented the medal to Red Jacket as a symbol of peace,
friendship and enduring relationships among the United States and the Six Nations. Wanting to explore how those symbols stood the test of time, Between the Basswoods: The Story of Buffalo Creek was co-curated by Seneca-Iroquois National Museum curator Kari Karsten (Seneca, Heron Clan) and historian Melissa Parker-Leonard
Upcoming Events
To add an event, email the details to salamancapress@gmail.com. Include “Out & About” in email subject line.
• Family Fun at the Play Zone: Repeating regularly on select Wednesdays through mid-November 2026 at 4:30 PM at the Limestone YMCA Family Play Zone in Limestone, NY. A casual social evening hosted by Starbridge with free pizza and drinks, designed for local families to connect while kids enjoy the play equipment. • Halloween Spooky Train Ride: Saturday, October 31,hosted by the New York &
Lake Erie Railroad (50 Commercial Street, Gowanda). A festive, family-friendly autumn train journey featuring treats, music, scenic views, and lighthearted Halloween entertainment.
• Crawl Outta Fall:
Friday, November 6, 2026, in Ellicottville. Get a head start on the weekend’s beer and wine festivities with this event scheduled from 4–7 p.m., offering an early opportunity to enjoy the village’s
seasonal atmosphere before the weekend festival. Check the event organizer for participating locations and details. • Free Fishing Day in NewYork State: Wednesday, November 11, 2026, throughout Cattaraugus County and New York State. Anglers can try freshwater fishing without purchasing a fishing license on this designated freefishing day. All other applicable fishing regulations remain in effect.
(Tonawanda-Seneca Descendant), 7th Gen Cultural Resources. Dó:šo:wë:h, meaning “between the basswoods,” is the area surrounding Buffalo Creek and what is now known as the City of Buffalo. This exhibit examines Seneca efforts to defend their homelands amid pressures from the U.S. government and land companies. Explore the Seneca
struggle to protect their homeland through the Clinton-Sullivan Campaign of 1779, the Treaties of Canandaigua and Big Tree and the Buffalo Creek treaties: a history of resistance, dispossession and enduring connections to Buffalo Creek. Opening during the bicentennial year of the 1826 Buffalo Creek Treaty, Between the Basswoods: The Story
of Buffalo Creek opens a timely discussion of the enduring importance of Indigenous sovereignty and self-determination. Join the SenecaIroquois National Museum for the opening reception Wednesday, Nov. 18 to celebrate the exhibit opening. Light food and refreshments will be served.
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October 29, 2026
Tips to winterize a home as cold weather approaches It’s not uncommon to spend a lot of time out of the house when the weather outside is warm. The popularity of outdoor living spaces has made it easier than ever to enjoy nature without leaving home, which can generally be done from late spring to mid-fall each year in many regions. But as fall creeps toward winter and temperatures drop, it’s time to head back indoors.
but they must be operating at peak capacity in order to be effective. As fall winds down, check all CO detectors to make sure they’re working properly and replace any that are not.
• Check for drafts. Check around windows and doors throughout the home to see if As millions prepare there are any to go back inside with gaps that are winter approaching, allowing air it can be beneficial to from outside to winterize a home so enter the home. interior spaces are If daytime more comfortable temperatures and exterior spaces are mild well are better able to into the fall, withstand potentially then it can be harsh winter weather. difficult to see around aging if there are any drafts windows and doors, • Check your before the sun goes consider replacing carbon monoxide down. Conduct this them. detectors. Fall is a check in the evenings great season to open when temperatures • Call a chimney the windows in many are a little more chilly sweeping service. regions that feature and leaks are easier Cozying up beside prototypical autumn to detect. If drafts a fire can make air. But the crisp air are detected, apply anyone forget the of fall will eventually weather stripping cold weather outside. give way to much But fireplaces should around doors and colder air, at which windows that do not be subjected to a time the windows require replacement. thorough cleaning by will be closed and a skilled professional If there’s drafts likely remain shut for months to come. The Minnesota Department of Health notes that carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless gas that cannot be detected RESIDENTIAL • COMMERCIAL by the senses. When • New Installation or Changeover • Price Protection windows remain •Budget Plans • Same Day Service closed for long • 24-Hour Emergency Service periods of time, such as in winter, Our Customers the buildup of CO, Are Our which can come from Shareholders We Strive sources like water to Make heaters, gas stoves, Them Happy! fireplaces, and clothes dryers, can Ryan Holland • Rob Holland, Family Owned & Operated For Over 32 Years poison residents over 10035 Route 219, Springville, NY 14141 time. CO detectors 716-592-7242 or 1-800-640-0370 are a safety net www.hollandpropane.com against such a fate,
In addition, the tar-like substance creosote, which forms when wood is burned in a fireplace, can build up and harden over time. That’s a dangerous prospect, as creosote is highly flammable, which can lead to chimney fires. Creosote also can block the flow of air through a chimney, and that can trap gasses, including CO, in a home. • Reverse your fans. It’s a simple step but before each winter. one people may Animals might have not even realize they nested in the chimney can make. In homes since the fireplace with ceiling fans, was last used, and residents can reverse you will want any the fans so the blades nests cleared prior spin clockwise. This to lighting your first simple step pushes trapped warm air fire of the season.
hovering around the ceiling into the living space below. This can make home interiors warmer without requiring residents to turn up the thermostat and increase their energy bill. • Replace your HVAC air filter. Replacing the air filter on your HVAC prior to winter can make the unit operate more efficiently, which can help reduce your wintertime energy bill. Replacing the filter prior to winter also improves indoor air quality, which is a notable benefit during a time of year when the windows typically remain closed for months. Winterizing a home is not a significant undertaking, but it can be very effective at making homes healthier and more comfortable once windows are closed for the season.