VisualizationTechniquesfor ClimateChangewith MachineLearningand ArtificialIntelligence
Editedby ArunLalSrivastav
ChitkaraUniversitySchoolofEngineeringandTechnology, ChitkaraUniversity,Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
AshutoshKumarDubey
ChitkaraUniversitySchoolofEngineeringandTechnology,ChitkaraUniversity,Solan, HimachalPradesh,India
AbhishekKumar
ChitkaraUniversitySchoolofEngineeringandTechnology,ChitkaraUniversity,Solan, HimachalPradesh,India
SushilKumarNarang
ChitkaraUniversityInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology, ChitkaraUniversity,Punjab,India
MoonisAliKhan CollegeofScience,KingSaudUniversity, Riyadh,SaudiArabia
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3.Impactofclimatechangeonwaterqualityandits assessment39
PramodKumarYadava,HarshbardhanKumar,AnubhutiSingh, VinodKumarandSunitaVerma
3.5Observedandprojectedchangeundertheinfluence
4.Climatechangeimpactsonwaterresources:Anoverview55 SukanyaSandSabuJoseph
5.Impactofplasticsinthesocio-economicdisasterof pollutionandclimatechange:Theroadblocksof sustainabilityinIndia77
SoumyaShraddhyaPaul,RishabbAnirud,BhavyaBahl, KhushiMaheshwariandArnabBanerjee 5.1Introduction
5.4Thesocialimpactsofplastics,itspollution,andclimate
5.5Theplasticindustryandtheeconomy
5.6Implicationsofaplasticban
5.7Lawandtheplasticfiasco:Indiaintheglobalcontext87
6.Impressionofclimaticvariationonflora,fauna,and humanbeing:Apresentstateofart101 DipankarGhosh,PalashGhorai,ShresthaDebnath,DonaRoy, AyanSamanta,KumarSagarMaiti,SoumitaSarkar,DebojyotiRoy, KaushikSarkarandRudraBanerjee
6.1Introduction
6.2Climaticwarmingandtheirinfluencesonbiodiversity104
6.3Environmentalstressfactorsonagricultureproductivity105
6.4Effectsofclimatechangesonfoodweb
6.5Encroachmentofclimaticchangesupongenetics-based diversityandevolutionarybiologyoffauna
6.6Climaticalterationeffectsongeneticdiversityand evolutionarybiologyofhuman
6.7Metabolicengineeringandsyntheticbiologyapproaches towardminimizevariousclimatechangeissuesfor improvingenvironmentalconditions
7.Impactofairqualityasacomponentofclimate changeonbiodiversity-basedecosystemservices123
SylvesterChibuezeIzah,AdamsOvieIyiola,BaturhYarkwan andGloryRichard
7.1Introduction 123
7.2Airpollutionandclimatechange 125
7.3Effectsofclimatechangeandairqualityonhuman populationandinfrastructure 126
7.4Impactofclimatechangeandairqualityonhumanhealth129
7.5Impactsofclimatechangeandairqualityonbiodiversity133
7.6Mitigativeandadaptivestrategiestowardsustainability137
7.7Discussionsoftheinterplayoffactorspromotingclimate changeandbiodiversityloss 138 7.8Conclusion 139 References 140
8.Roleofclimatechangeindisastersoccurrences: Forecastingandmanagementoptions149
AlokPratapSingh,JayendraKumar,ItiChauhan,PrasoonKumarSaxena, PraveenKumarGaur,SatishKumarSharma,DineshKumarGupta, NaliniKantaSahooandPranjalKumarSingh
8.1Introduction 149
8.2Climatechangeanditseffects 150
8.3Forecastingofclimatechanges 158
8.4Disastersduetotemperatureandrainfall 166
8.5Disastersduetourbanization 167
8.6Managementintermsofwetlandutilizationand agriculturaldischarge 169
8.7Futureperspectives 172
8.8Conclusion 173 References 174
9.Forecastingandmanagementofdisasterstriggered byclimatechange181
NedaRajabi,KavehRajabiandFatemehRajabi
10.El-NiñoSouthernOscillationanditseffects
SayantikaMukherjee,JayantiPal,ShaheenManna,AmritaSaha andDipanwitaDas
11.Impactofsocioeconomicparametersonadoptionof climateresilienttechnologyundervaryingvulnerability conditions:EvidencesfromHimalayanregion229 PardeepSingh,IshaSharmaandAmitGuleria
11.7Changeinfertilizer,farmyardmanure,pesticide, insecticide,andweedicideuse
11.8Strategiesadoptedinordertocopewiththeclimate changefordifferentcrops 238
11.9Factorsinfluencingthechoiceofthestrategy 241 11.10Conclusionsandpolicyimplications
12.Artificialintelligence/machinelearningtechniquesin hydroclimatology:Ademonstrationofdeeplearningfor futureassessmentofstreamflowunderclimatechange247 MohdImranKhan,SubharthiSarkarandRajibMaity
12.1Introduction 247
12.2Artificialintelligencetechniquesinhydroclimatological/ hydrometeorologicalproblems 252
12.3Applicationofdeeplearningtechniquesinsimulating andforecastingstreamflow 260
12.4Concludingremarksandwayforward
13.Theroleofartificialintelligencestrategiestomitigate abioticstressandclimatechangeincropproduction273 RichaSaxena,AmitJoshi,SoniyaJoshi,SubhomoiBorkotoky, KarishmaSingh,PankajKumarRai,ZebaMueedandRichaSharma
13.1Introduction
13.2Acceleratingclimatechangesinplantbreedingby applyingartificialintelligence
13.3Effectofabioticstressoncrops
13.4Physiologicalchanges
13.5Biochemicalandmolecularchanges
13.6Artificialintelligenceasatooltoimprovetheresilience ofcropproduction
15.2Cropyieldandclimatechange 318
15.3Cropresponseoradaptationtoincreasedclimaticstress319
15.4Modelingapproachestomonitorclimatechangeimpacts320
15.5Applicationofremotesensing(RS)andgeographic informationsystem(GIS) 321
15.6Machinelearningtechniques 321
15.7Applicationofvariousmachinelearningtechniques inagriculture 323
15.8Conclusion 328
16.Climatechange:Predictionofsolarradiationusing advancedmachinelearningtechniques335 DwijendraNathDwivediandGaneshPatil
16.1Introduction 335
16.2Literaturereview 337
16.3Approach 341
16.4Resultsanddiscussions 354
16.5Conclusion 354
16.6Discussions:climatechangeandsolarradiationprediction355 References 355
17.Conceptofclimatesmartvillagesusingartificial intelligence/machinelearning359 PurnimaMehta,LakhvirKaurDhaliwal,ParminderKaurBaweja, MohanSinghJangraandSatishKumarBhardwaj
17.1Introduction 359
17.2TheCSVprocedurebeingsegmentedintoseveralsteps361
17.3Climatesmartvillagesapproachdividedinto fivestepsfordecisionsupporttofarmers 362
17.4Climatechangeresilienceforthesustainable developmentofvillages
17.7Applicationofartificialintelligenceandmachinelearning inthedevelopmentofresilienceinagriculture
17.8Artificialneuralnetworks(ANN)inagriculture
17.9Climate-smartvillagewiththeuseofmobileappsto providecrop-specificandweatherservicestofarmers368
DhakshinaPriyaRajeswariIlango,VijayaIlangoand KarthiyayiniSridharan
19.Across-sectionalstudyabouttheimpactsofclimate changeonlivingorganisms:AcasestudyofOdisha provinceofIndia399
JibanKumarBehera,PabitraMishra,ManojitBhattacharya, BhaskarBeheraandNiladriBhusanKar
19.1Introduction 399
19.2Whataretheproblemsandwhoisresponsibleforclimate change? 401
19.3ImpactofclimatechangeinOdisha 403
19.4ClimatechangeanditsimpactonFauna 406
19.5Climatechangeanditsimpactonflora 410
19.6Climatechangeanditsimpactonhumansocieties412 19.7Conclusion 414 References 414
20.Developmentofmitigationstrategiesforthe climatechangeusingartificialintelligenceto attainsustainability421
KartikeySahil,PurnimaMehta,SatishKumarBhardwajand LakhvirKaurDhaliwal
20.1Introduction 421
20.2Theartificialintelligenceandsustainabledevelopment goals 425
20.3TheapplicationofAI 426
20.4Artificialintelligenceanditsapplicationstocope withclimatechange 427
20.5AIandremotesensing 430
20.6Roleofartificialintelligenceinenvironmental management 430
Contributors
ZeidAbdullahAlothman
ChemistryDepartment,CollegeofScience,KingSaudUniversity,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
RishabbAnirud
DepartmentofBiotechnology,RajalakshmiEngineeringCollege,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
K.V.SureshBabu
UniversityofCapeTown,CapeTown,SouthAfrica
BhavyaBahl
SymbiosisLawSchool,Noida,UttarPradesh,India
ArnabBanerjee
DepartmentofCivilEngineering,IndianInstituteofTechnology,Guwahati,Assam,India; CentreforSustainablePolymers,IndianInstituteofTechnology,Guwahati,Assam,India
RudraBanerjee
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
ParminderKaurBaweja
DirectorateofExtensionEducation,DrYSParmarUniversityofHorticultureandForestry, Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
BhaskarBehera
DepartmentofBiosciencesandBiotechnology,FakirMohanUniversity,Balasore,Odisha,India
JibanKumarBehera
DepartmentofZoology,FakirMohanUniversity,Balasore,Odisha,India
SatishKumarBhardwaj
DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,DrYSParmarUniversityofHorticultureandForestry, Nauni,Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
ManojitBhattacharya
DepartmentofZoology,FakirMohanUniversity,Balasore,Odisha,India
SubhomoiBorkotoky
DepartmentofBiotechnology,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
ItiChauhan
DepartmentofPharmaceutics,I.T.SCollegeofPharmacy,Ghaziabad,UttarPradesh,India
DipanwitaDas
AmityUniversity,Kolkata,India
ShresthaDebnath
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
LakhvirKaurDhaliwal
DepartmentofClimateChangeandAgriculturalMeteorology,PunjabAgriculturalUniversity, Ludhiana,India
RohitDutt
SchoolofMedicalandAlliedSciences,G.D.GoenkaUniversity,Gurugram,Haryana,India
DwijendraNathDwivedia
CrakowUniversityofEconomics,Kraków,Poland;FinanceandStrategy,IndianInstituteof Management,Lucknow,UttarPradesh,India
PraveenKumarGaur
MetroCollegeofHealthSciencesandResearch,GreaterNoida,UttarPradesh,India
SuryaPrakashGautam
CTInstituteofPharmaceuticalSciences,CTGroupofInstitutions,Jalandhar,Punjab,India
PalashGhorai
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
DipankarGhosh
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
AjmerSinghGrewal
GuruGobindSinghCollegeofPharmacy,YamunaNagar,Haryana,India
KumarGuarve
GuruGobindSinghCollegeofPharmacy,YamunaNagar,Haryana,India
AmitGuleria
DepartmentofEconomics&Sociology,PunjabAgriculturalUniversity,Ludhiana,Punjab,India
DineshKumarGupta
SarasCollegeofPharmacy,Baghpat,UttarPradesh,India
MohamedAbdelatyHabila
ChemistryDepartment,CollegeofScience,KingSaudUniversity,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
ShamaE.Haque
NorthSouthUniversity,Bashundhara,Dhaka,Bangladesh
DhakshinaPriyaRajeswariIlango
BirlaInstituteofTechnology&SciencePilani,DubaiCampus,Dubai,UAE
VijayaIlango
BirlaInstituteofTechnology&SciencePilani,DubaiCampus,Dubai,UAE
AdamsOvieIyiola
DepartmentofFisheriesandAquaticResourcesManagement,FacultyofRenewableNatural ResourcesManagement,CollegeofAgricultureandRenewableNaturalResources,OsunState University,Osogbo,Nigeria
SylvesterChibuezeIzah
DepartmentofMicrobiology,FacultyofScience,BayelsaMedicalUniversity,Yenagoa,Bayelsa State,Nigeria
MohanSinghJangra
DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,DrYSParmarUniversityofHorticultureandForestry, Nauni,Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
SabuJoseph
DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences,UniversityofKerala,Thiruvananthapuram,India
AmitJoshi
DepartmentofBiotechnology,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
SoniyaJoshi
DepartmentofAgriculture,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
RohitKamboj
GuruGobindSinghCollegeofPharmacy,YamunaNagar,Haryana,India
ShikhaKamboj
GuruJambheshwarUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Hisar,Haryana,India
SwetaKamboj
GuruGobindSinghCollegeofPharmacy,YamunaNagar,Haryana,India
NiladriBhusanKar
DepartmentofZoology,FakirMohanUniversity,Balasore,Odisha,India
MohdImranKhan
DepartmentofCivilEngineering,IndianInstituteofTechnologyKharagpur,Kharagpur, WestBengal,India
PriyankaKriplani
GuruGobindSinghCollegeofPharmacy,YamunaNagar,Haryana,India
HarshbardhanKumar
InstituteofEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment,BHU,Varanasi,UttarPradesh,India
JayendraKumar
IshanInstituteofPharmacy,GreaterNoida,UttarPradesh,India
VinodKumar
DepartmentofChemistry,BSACollege,Mathura,UttarPradesh,India
NeetaKumari
CivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,BirlaInstituteofTechnology—Mesra,Ranchi,Jharkhand, India
KhushiMaheshwari
DepartmentofBioscienceandBioengineering,IndianInstituteofTechnology,Jodhpur, Rajasthan,India
KumarSagarMaiti
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
RajibMaity
DepartmentofCivilEngineering,IndianInstituteofTechnologyKharagpur,Kharagpur, WestBengal,India
ShaheenManna
AmityUniversity,Kolkata,India
PurnimaMehta
DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,DrYSParmarUniversityofHorticultureandForestry, Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
PabitraMishra
DepartmentofBiosciencesandBiotechnology,FakirMohanUniversity,Balasore,Odisha,India
ZebaMueed
DepartmentofBiotechnology,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
SayantikaMukherjee
AmityUniversity,Kolkata,India
MohamedOuladsmane
ChemistryDepartment,CollegeofScience,KingSaudUniversity,Riyadh,SaudiArabia
JayantiPal
CentralUniversityofRajasthan,India
SoumyaPandey
CivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,BirlaInstituteofTechnology—Mesra,Ranchi,Jharkhand, India
GaneshPatilb
CrakowUniversityofEconomics,Kraków,Poland;FinanceandStrategy,IndianInstituteof Management,Lucknow,UttarPradesh,India
SoumyaShraddhyaPaul
AmityInstituteofBiotechnology,AmityUniversity,Noida,UttarPradesh,India
PankajKumarRai
DepartmentofBiotechnology,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
FatemehRajabi
DepartmentofScience,PayameNoorUniversity,Tehran,Iran
KavehRajabi
DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,AmirkabirUniversityofTechnology, Tehran,Iran
NedaRajabi
DepartmentofSpatialPlanning,TechnischeUniversitätDortmund,Dortmund,Germany
GloryRichard
DepartmentofCommunityMedicine,FacultyofClinicalSciences,NigerDeltaUniversity, WilberforceIsland,BayelsaState,Nigeria
DebojyotiRoy
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
DonaRoy
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
AmritaSaha AmityUniversity,Kolkata,India
KartikeySahil
DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,DrYSParmarUniversityofHorticultureandForestry, Solan,HimachalPradesh,India
NaliniKantaSahoo
SRMModinagarCollegeofPharmacy,SRMInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Modinagar, UttarPradesh,India
AyanSamanta
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
KaushikSarkar
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
SoumitaSarkar
MicrobialEngineeringandAlgalBiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBiotechnology, JISUniversity,Kolkata,WestBengal,India
SubharthiSarkar
DepartmentofCivilEngineering,IndianInstituteofTechnologyKharagpur,Kharagpur, WestBengal,India
PrasoonKumarSaxena
SRMModinagarCollegeofPharmacy,SRMInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Modinagar, UttarPradesh,India
RichaSaxena
DepartmentofBiotechnology,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
IshaSharma
DepartmentofEconomics&Sociology,PunjabAgriculturalUniversity,Ludhiana,Punjab,India
RichaSharma
DepartmentofMicrobiology,MahatmaGandhiUniversityofMedicalScience&Technology, Jaipur,India
SatishKumarSharma
GlocalSchoolofPharmacy,GlocalUniversity,Saharanpur,UttarPradesh,India
AlokPratapSingh
SRMModinagarCollegeofPharmacy,SRMInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Modinagar, UttarPradesh,India
AnubhutiSingh
InstituteofEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment,BHU,Varanasi,UttarPradesh,India
KarishmaSingh
DepartmentofPharmacy,InvertisUniversity,Bareilly,India
PardeepSingh
DepartmentofEconomics&Sociology,PunjabAgriculturalUniversity,Ludhiana,Punjab,India
PranjalKumarSingh
SRMModinagarCollegeofPharmacy,SRMInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Modinagar, UttarPradesh,India
ShivaniSingh
CentralInstituteofPetrochemicalsEngineeringandTechnology,Chennai,India
SwatiSingh
CSIR-NationalBotanicalResearchInstitute,Lucknow,UttarPradesh,India;Academyof ScientificandInnovativeResearch(AcSIR),Ghaziabad,UttarPradesh,India
KarthiyayiniSridharan
BirlaInstituteofTechnology&SciencePilani,DubaiCampus,Dubai,UAE
ArunLalSrivastav
ChitkaraUniversitySchoolofEngineeringandTechnology,ChitkaraUniversity,Solan, HimachalPradesh,India
SukanyaS
DepartmentofEnvironmentalSciences,UniversityofKerala,Thiruvananthapuram,India
SunitaVerma
InstituteofEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment,BHU,Varanasi,UttarPradesh,India
PramodKumarYadava
InstituteofEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment,BHU,Varanasi,UttarPradesh,India
BaturhYarkwan
DepartmentofBiochemistry,JosephSarwuanTarkaaUniversity,Makurdi,BenueState,Nigeria; SchooloftheEnvironment,UniversityofWindsor,Windsor,Ontario,Canada
