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13. Antenatal Screening of the Mother and Fetus
Screening Principles
How Screening is set up and the Midwife’s Role and Responsibilities
Individual Screening Test Considerations
Fetal Screening Tests
Screening for Maternal Conditions
Conditions not Currently Screened
Conclusion
14. Problems Associated with Early and Advanced Pregnancy
The Midwife’s Role
Abdominal Pain in Pregnancy
Bleeding Before the 24th Week of Pregnancy
Other Problems in Early Pregnancy
Bleeding After the 24th Week of Pregnancy
Hepatic Disorders and Jaundice
Skin Disorders
Abnormalities of the Amniotic Fluid
Conclusion
15. Medical Conditions of Significance to Midwifery Practice
Hypertensive Disorders
Hypertensive Conditions of Pregnancy
Metabolic Disorders
Thyroid Disease
Prolactinoma
Cardiac Disease
Neurological Disorders
Respiratory Disorders
Thromboembolic Disease
Haematological Disorders
Infection/Sepsis
16. Multiple Pregnancy
Incidence
Twin Pregnancy
The Multiple Pregnancy
Labour and the Birth
Complications Associated with Multiple Pregnancy
Postnatal Period
First Stage of Labour: Vaginal Breech at Term
Prelabour Rupture of the Membranes at Term
Preterm Prelabour Rupture of the Membranes
The Responsibilities of the Midwife
20. Physiology and Care During the Transition and Second Stage Phases of Labour
The Nature of The Transition and Second Stage Phases of Labour
Recognition of The Commencement of The Expulsive Phase of Labour
Phases and Duration of The Second Stage
Maternal Response to Transition and The Second Stage
The Mechanism of Normal Labour (Cephalic Presentation)
Midwifery Care in Transition and The Second Stage
Vaginal Breech Birth at Term
Record-Keeping
Conclusion
21. Physiology and Care During the Third Stage of Labour
Physiological Processes
Caring for a Woman in the Third Stage of Labour
Completion of the Third Stage of Labour
Complications of the Third Stage of Labour
Conclusion
22. Prolonged Pregnancy and Variations of Uterine Action
Prolonged Pregnancy
Incidence
Plan of Care for Prolonged Pregnancy: The Debate and Controversy
Induction of Labour
Slower Than Expected Progress and Prolonged Labour
Midwifery Approaches When Labour Progress Slows or Ceases
Obstructed Labour
Precipitate Labour
Making Birth a Positive Experience
23. Malpositions of the Occiput and Malpresentations
Introduction
Occipitoposterior Positions
Face Presentation
Brow Presentation
Effective Positioning
Feeding Behaviour
Care of the Breasts
Difficulties With Breastfeeding
Feeding Difficulties Due to the Baby
Complexity and Breastfeeding
Feeding With Formula Milk
The Healthy Start Initiative
28. Physiology and Care During the Puerperium
The Postnatal Period
Historical Background
Framework and Regulation for Postnatal Care
Midwives and Postnatal Care
Physiological Changes and Observations
Expectations of Health
Fertility Awareness (Natural Family Planning)
Record-Keeping and Documentation
Transition to Parenthood
The 6–8 Week Postnatal Examination
29. Physical Health Issues and Complications in the Postnatal Period
The Need for Woman-Focused and Family-Centred Postpartum Care
Potentially Life-Threatening Conditions and Morbidity After the Birth
Immediate Maternal Complications Following the Birth of the Baby
Postpartum Complications
Midwifery Care After an Operative Birth
Emotional Wellbeing
Woman/Midwife Relationship
30. Perinatal Mental Health
Part A: Pregnancy, Childbirth, Puerperium: The Psychological Context
Transition to Parenthood
Role Change/Role Conflict
The Ideology of Motherhood
Social Support
Emotional Changes During Pregnancy, Labour and the Puerperium
Postnatal ‘blues’
Drying the Baby
Airway Management and Breathing
Parental Support Through Effective Communication
34. The Healthy Low Birth Weight Baby
Classification of Babies by Gestation and Weight
Small for Gestational Age
The Preterm Baby
Care of the Healthy Low Birth Weight Baby
Optimizing the Care Environment for the Healthy Low Birth Weight Baby
35. Trauma During Birth, Haemorrhages and Convulsions
Trauma During Birth
Haemorrhages
Convulsions
Support of Parents
36. Congenital Malformations
Communicating the News
Palliative Care
Definition and Causes
Chromosomal Malformations
Gastrointestinal Malformations
Malformations Relating to Respiration
congenital cardiac defects
Central Nervous System Malformations
Musculoskeletal Deformities
Anomalies of the Skin
Genitourinary System
Disorders of Sex Development
Teratogenic Causes
Support for the Midwife
37. Significant Problems in the Newborn Baby
Introduction
Initial Examination and Recognition of Problems
Recognition of Problems At the Time of Resuscitation
Infection in the Newborn
Respiratory Problems
Congenital Heart Disease
Jaundice
Copyright
© 2020, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
First edition 1953 Ninth edition 1981
Second edition 1956 Tenth edition 1985
Third edition 1958 Eleventh edition 1989
Fourth edition 1961 Twelfth edition 1993
Fifth edition 1964 Thirteenth edition 1999
Sixth edition 1968 Fourteenth edition 2003
Seventh edition 1971 Fifteenth edition 2009
Eighth edition 1975 Sixteenth edition 2014
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Montfort University, Leicester, UK
Richard Hayman, MBBS FRCOG DM , Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK
Jenny Hendley, PhD, MSc, PG Cert, BSc, RM, RGN , Senior Midwifery Lecturer, School of Health SciencesUniversity of Brighton, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
Karen Jackson, MPhil, BSc(Hons), ADM, RM, RN , Former Assistant Professor in Midwifery/PhD student, Division of Midwifery, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
Amar Jawad, Consultant Obstetric Anaesthetist Chesterfield Royal Hospital Derbyshire, UK
Lucy Kean, BM BCh, DM FRCOG , Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
Michael RB Keighley, Emeritus Professor of Surgery, President of the MASIC Foundation
Joy Kemp, RGN, RM, CTCM&H, MSc, PGCLT (HE), FHEA , Global Professional Advisor, The Royal College of Midwives, London, UK
Michelle Knight, PGCEA, BSc, RM , Consultant Midwife, Epsom and St Helier Hospital NHS Trust Carshalton, Surrey, UK
Joan G Lalor, Professor of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
Alison Ledward, PhD, MPhil, MSc, RM, RGN, BA , Freelance writer, School of Allied Health Professions, College of Life Sciences, George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Jayne E Marshall, FRCM, PFHEA, PhD, MA, PGCEA, ADM, RM, RGN , Foundation Professor of Midwifery/Lead Midwife for Education, School of Allied Health Professions, College of Life Sciences, George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Amy Mason, Writer and Comedian
Carol McCormick, Consultant Midwife (retired), Nottingham, UK
John McIntyre, MBChB DM FRCPCH , Consultant Neonatologist, Derbyshire Children’s Hospital, Derby, UK
Helen McIntyre, SFHEA, DHSci, MSc, BSc(Hons) PGDE, RM, RGN , Associate Professor of MidwiferySchool of Allied Health Professions College of Life Sciences George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Moira McLean, RGN, RM, ADM, PGCEA, PG Dip, PMA , Senior Lecturer Midwifery, Leicester School Nursing and Midwifery, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
Aarti Mistry, MBChB, MRCPCH , Clinical Research Fellow, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Sylvia Murphy Tighe, Lecturer/ Course Director BSc Midwifery, Dept of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick
Irene Murray, BSc(Hons) Midwifery , Lecturer (Midwifery), Department of Nursing and Midwifery University of the Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, Inverness, Highland, UK
Mary L Nolan, PhD, MA, BA(Hons) , Nursing and Midwifery, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
Shalini Ojha, PhD, Diploma (Med Ed), MD, MRCPCH, MBBS , Clinical Associate Professor, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK