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ENCYCLOPEDIAOFMYCOLOGY EDITORINCHIEF
ÓscarZaragoza
NationalCentreforMicrobiology,Madrid,Spain
HonoraryEditor
ArturoCasadevall
JohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth,Baltimore,USA
SectionEditors
RaffaellaBalestrini
IPSP,NationalResearchCouncilofItaly,Torino,Italy
MiiaMäkelä
UniversityofHelsinki,Helsinki,Finland
JoshuaNosanchuk
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,NewYork,USA
CarlaViegas
PolytechniqueInstituteofLisbon,Lisbon,Portugal AlfredoVizzini
UniversityofTorino,Torino,Italy
RonaldPdeVries
UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
Volume1 AMSTERDAM
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CONTENTOFVOLUME1 TheCellWallofMedicallyRelevantYeastsandMolds
ManuelaGómez-Gaviria,LauraCGarcía-Carnero,AlmaKTamez-Castrellón,andHéctorMMora-Montes
MembraneTransporters,anOverviewoftheArbuscularMycorrhizalFungalTransportome
FungalSecondaryMetabolism
FrancescoVinale,KrishnapillaiSivasithamparam,SusanneZeilinger,andSantiagoGutiérrez
MycotoxinsandMycotoxigenicFungi:RiskandManagement.AChallengeforFutureGlobalFood SafetyandSecurity ClaudioAltomare,AntonioFLogrieco,andAntoniaGallo
TheMAPKinaseNetworkAstheNervousSystemofFungi
ICorreia,DPrieto,RAlonso-Monge,JPla,andERomán
CommunicationWithPlants
MarziaBeccaccioli,ValeriaScala,andMassimoReverberi
GenomeEvolutionofFungalPlantPathogens
MariaAragona,AlessandroInfantino,MariaTeresaValente,AlessandroGrottoli,andAnitaHaegi
Mycoviruses:AHiddenWorldWithinFungi
LucaNervaandWalterChitarra
TransposableElementsinFungi:CoevolutionWiththeHostGenomeShapes,GenomeArchitecture, PlasticityandAdaptation
CécileLorrain,UrsulaOggenfuss,DanielCroll,SebastienDuplessis,andEvaStukenbrock
Aspergilli,MoreThanJustFungi:ShapingtheLastDecadesofModelSystems
ProteomicsinMycorrhizalandPlantPathogenicFungi
Host-InducedStressResponseinHumanPathogenicFungi
RomeuViana,PedroPais,MafaldaCavalheiro,MónicaGalocha,andMiguelCTeixeira
BiodegradationofAromaticToxicPollutantsbyWhiteRotFungi
FungalChitinandChitosan
GlucoseMetabolismandUseofAlternativeCarbonSourcesinMedically-ImportantFungi
ShuYihChewandLeslieThianLungThan
ErgosterolSynthesis SomanonBhattacharya
FungalVolatileOrganicCompounds AndreaMartinezandJoanWBennett
OutlineofAscomycota NalinNWijayawardene,KevinDHyde,andDong-QinDai
StructureandDevelopmentofAscomata
ChitrabhanuSBhunjun,ChayanardPhukhamsakda,andKevinDHyde
Laboulbeniomycetes,EnigmaticFungiWithaTurbulentTaxonomicHistory
DannyHaelewaters,Michał Gorczak,PatriciaKaishian,AndréDeKesel,andMeredithBlackwell
PhylogeneticAdvancesinLeotiomycetes,anUnderstudiedCladeofTaxonomicallyandEcologically DiverseFungi CAlishaQuandtandDannyHaelewaters
FunctionalTraitsofStipitateBasidiomycetes
HansHalbwachsandClausBässler
FossilAscomycotaandBasidiomycota,WithNotesonFossilLichensandNematophytes HansHalbwachs,CarlaJHarper,andMichaelKrings
TheCultivationofMacrofungi
SimoneDiPiazza,GraziaCecchi,EsterRosa,andMircaZotti
MacrofungiasFood
PeterEMortimer,EricBoa,KevinDHyde,andHuiliLi
Overview:HumanFungalPathogens
SiridaYoungchimandJoshuaDNosanchuk
PolyenesandAmphotericinB
IreneGarcía-BarbazánandÓscarZaragoza
AzoleAntifungalDrugs:ModeofActionandResistance
RocioGarcia-Rubio,MariaCMonteiro,andEmiliaMellado
Echinocandins
AlexanderJLepakandDavidRAndes
Allylamines,MorpholineDerivatives,Fluoropyrimidines,andGriseofulvin
KellyIshidaandViníciusdeMoraisBarroso
NewTargetsfortheDevelopmentofAntifungalAgents
CristinadeCastroSpadari,TaissaVila,ViníciusdeMoraisBarroso,andKellyIshida
ImmunotherapyofFungalInfections
KausikDattaandLiise-AnnePirofski
DiagnosisofFungalInfections
MaríaJBuitragoandClaraValero
CommensaltoPathogenTransitionof Candidaalbicans
IlseDJacobsen,MariaJNiemiec,MarioKapitan,andMelaniePolke
Candidapsilosis Complex
TiborMNemeth,AttilaGacser,andJoshuaDNosanchuk
Candidaauris:ANew,ThreateningYeast
JavierPemánandAlbaRuiz-Gaitán
ImmuneResponseto Candidaalbicans Infection
AlbertoYáñez,CeliaMurciano,MLuisaGil,andDanielGozalbo
Infectionsby Cryptococcus species
SuélenARossiandÓscarZaragoza
EpidemiologyofInfectionsCausedbyMolds
JenniferMCuellar-RodriguezandLuisOstrosky-Zeichner
DiseasesCausedby Aspergillusfumigatus
RocioGarcia-RubioandLauraAlcazar-Fuoli
Mucormycosis
PriyaUppuluri,AbdullahAlqarihi,andAshrafSIbrahim
EpidemiologyofDimorphicFungi
AnaCOSouzaandCarlosPTaborda
Histoplasma
JoshuaDNosanchuk,DanielZamith-Miranda,andAllanJGuimarães
Coccidioidomycosis:TheValleyFever
HazaelHernandezandLuisRMartinez
Blastomyces andBlastomycosis
BruceSKlein,JosephAMcBride,andGregoryMGauthier
Paracoccidioidomycosis
CarlosPTaborda,LuizRTravassos,andGilBenard
Sporotrichosis
RodrigoAlmeida-Paes,MariaCGutierrez-Galhardo,andRoselyMZancopé-Oliveira
AdvancesinGenomicsResearchofPneumocystisSpecies
AlekseyPorolloandMelanieTCushion
SubcutaneousFungalInfections
DayvisonFSFreitas,PriscilaMdeMacedo,MariaCGutierrez-Galhardo,andFábioFrancesconi
Super ficialInfectionsoftheSkinandNails
PriscilaMdeMacedoandDayvisonFSFreitas
GenitourinaryFungalInfections(OtherThanVaginalCandidiasis)
SutthichaiSae-TiaandBettinaCFries
OropharyngealandVulvovaginalCandidiasis
FungalInfectionsofHumanMammaryGlandDuringLactation
ŁubiechandMagdalenaTwarużek
FungalInfectionsoftheCentralNervousSystem
HaroldoCdeOliveira,RafaelFCastelli,DiogoKuczera,TaianeNSouza,CarolineMMarcos, LilianaScorzoni,LeonardoNimrichter,andMarcioLRodrigues
FungalCardiacInfections
FungalOphthalmologicalInfections
TihanaBicanic,ClareLogan,BeatrizLGomez,ThuyLe,andSeanWasserman
FungalInfectionsinTransplantRecipients
JeremySNel,AnneLachiewicz,andDavidVanDuin
FungalInfectionsinCancerPatients
FungalInfectionsintheSettingofBiologicalTherapies(intheNon-TransplantHost)
UncommonYeastsandMoldsCausingHumanDisease
ChristopherJShoffandJohnRPerfect
FungalInfectionsinChildren
SandraGuerguis,PhilipLee,andDavidLGoldman
LISTOFCONTRIBUTORSFORVOLUME1 MostafaM.AboElsoud NationalResearchCentre,Giza,Egypt
LauraAlcazar-Fuoli
CarlosIIIHealthInstitute,Madrid,Spain
RodrigoAlmeida-Paes OswaldoCruzFoundation,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
R.Alonso-Monge ComplutenseUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
AbdullahAlqarihi
TheLundquistInstitute,Harbor–UniversityofCalifornia LosAngelesMedicalCentre,Torrance,CA,United States
ClaudioAltomare NationalResearchCouncil,Bari,Italy
AntonellaAmicucci UniversityofUrbino,Urbino,Italy
DavidR.Andes UniversityofWisconsin,Madison,WI,UnitedStates
MariaAragona CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAnalysisofthe AgriculturalEconomy,ResearchCentreforPlant ProtectionandCertification,Rome,Italy
MarziaBeccaccioli SapienzaUniversityofRome,Rome,Italy
GilBenard UniversityofSaoPaulo,SaoPaulo,Brazil
JoanW.Bennett Rutgers,TheStateUniversityofNewJersey,New Brunswick,NJ,UnitedStates
SomanonBhattacharya StonyBrookUniversity,NewYork,UnitedStates
ChitrabhanuS.Bhunjun CenterofExcellenceinFungalResearch,MaeFah LuangUniversity,ChiangRai,ThailandandSchoolof Science,MaeFahLuangUniversity,ChiangRai, Thailand
TihanaBicanic
StGeorge’sUniversityHospitalNHSTrust,StGeorge’ s UniversityofLondon,London,UnitedKingdomand MRCCentreforMedicalMycology,UniversityofExeter, Exeter,UnitedKingdom
MeredithBlackwell LouisianaStateUniversity,BatonRouge,LA,United StatesandUniversityofSouthCarolina,Columbia,SC, UnitedStates
EricBoa UniversityofAberdeen,Aberdeen,Scotland,United Kingdom
MaríaJ.Buitrago
CarlosIIIHealthInstitute,Madrid,Spain
ClausBässler
DepartmentofConservationBiology,GoetheUniversity Frankfurt,Frankfurt,GermanyandBavarianForest NationalPark,Grafenau,Germany
RafaelF.Castelli CarlosChagasInstitute,Curitiba,Brazil
MafaldaCavalheiro iBB – InstituteforBioengineeringandBiosciences, InstitutoSuperiorTécnico,UniversityofLisbon,Lisbon, Portugal
GraziaCecchi UniversityofGenoa,Genoa,Italy
ShuYihChew UniversitiPutraMalaysia,Serdang,Selangor,Malaysia
WalterChitarra
ResearchCentreforViticultureandEnology,Councilfor AgriculturalResearchandEconomics,Conegliano,Italy; InstituteforSustainablePlantProtection,National ResearchCouncil,Torino,Italy;andNationalResearch Council,Torino,Italy
I.Correia ComplutenseUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
DanielCroll UniversityofNeuchâtel,Neuchâtel,Switzerland
JenniferM.Cuellar-Rodriguez NationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases, Bethesda,MD,UnitedStates
MelanieT.Cushion UniversityofCincinnatiCollegeofMedicine, Cincinnati,OH,UnitedStatesandTheVeteransAffairs MedicalCenter,Cincinnati,OH,UnitedStates
Dong-QinDai CenterforYunnanPlateauBiologicalResources ProtectionandUtilization,CollegeofBiologicalResource
andFoodEngineering,QujingNormalUniversity, Qujing,Yunnan,PRChina
KausikDatta
JohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Baltimore, MD,UnitedStates
CristinadeCastroSpadari UniversityofSãoPaulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil
AndréDeKesel MeiseBotanicGarden,Meise,Belgium
PriscilaM.deMacedo
EvandroChagasNationalInstituteofInfectious Diseases,OswaldoCruzFoundation,RiodeJaneiro, Brazil
ViníciusdeMoraisBarroso UniversityofSãoPaulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil
FrancescaDegola UniversityofParma,Parma,Italy
SimoneDiPiazza UniversityofGenoa,Genoa,Italy
SebastienDuplessis UniversityofLorraine,Nancy,Champenoux,France
WeiguoFang CollegeofLifeScience,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou, China
NuriaFerrol
DepartmentofSoilMicrobiologyandSymbioticSystems, ZaidínExperimentalStation,SpanishNationalResearch Council(EEZ-CSIC),Granada,Spain
FábioFrancesconi
TropicalMedicineFoundationDr.HeitorVieira DouradoandFederalUniversityofAmazonas,Manaus, Brazil
DayvisonF.S.Freitas
EvandroChagasNationalInstituteofInfectious Diseases,OswaldoCruzFoundation,RiodeJaneiro, Brazil
BettinaC.Fries
StonyBrookUniversity,StonyBrook,NY,UnitedStates andNorthportVeteransAffairsMedicalCenter, Northport,NY,UnitedStates
AttilaGacser UniversityofSzeged,Szeged,Hungary
AntoniaGallo NationalResearchCouncil,Bari,Italy
MónicaGalocha iBB – InstituteforBioengineeringandBiosciences, InstitutoSuperiorTécnico,UniversityofLisbon,Lisbon, Portugal
RocioGarcia-Rubio HackensackMeridianHealthCenterforDiscoveryand Innovation,Nutley,NJ,UnitedStatesandCarlosIII HealthInstitute,Madrid,Spain
IreneGarcía-Barbazán NationalCenterforMicrobiology,CarlosIIIHealth Institute,Madrid,Spain
LauraC.García-Carnero UniversityofGuanajuato,Guanajuato,Mexico
GregoryM.Gauthier UniversityofWisconsin,Madison,WI,UnitedStates
MatteoGelardi AnguillaraSabazia,Italy
StefanoGhignone InstituteforSustainablePlantProtection – National ResearchCouncilofItaly,Turin,Italy
M.LuisaGil UniversityofValencia,València,Spain
DavidL.Goldman AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NewYork, NY,UnitedStates
BeatrizL.Gomez SchoolofMedicineandHealthSciences,Universidaddel Rosario,Bogota,Colombia
ManuelaGómez-Gaviria UniversityofGuanajuato,Guanajuato,Mexico
Micha" Gorczak UniversityofWarsaw,Warszawa,Poland DanielGozalbo UniversityofValencia,València,Spain
BrunoP.Granwehr TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancerCenter, Houston,TX,UnitedStates
AlessandroGrottoli CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAnalysisofthe AgriculturalEconomy,ResearchCentreforPlant ProtectionandCertification,Rome,Italy
SandraGuerguis
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NewYork, NY,UnitedStates
AllanJ.Guimarães FluminenseFederalUniversity,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
MariaC.Gutierrez-Galhardo
EvandroChagasNationalInstituteofInfectious Diseases,OswaldoCruzFoundation,RiodeJaneiro, Brazil
SantiagoGutiérrez UniversityofLeón,Ponferrada,Spain
YitzhakHadar HebrewUniversity,Jerusalem,Israel
AnitaHaegi CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAnalysisofthe AgriculturalEconomy,ResearchCentreforPlant ProtectionandCertification,Rome,Italy
DannyHaelewaters PurdueUniversity,WestLafayette,IN,UnitedStates; GhentUniversity,Ghent,Belgium;Universidad AutónomadeChiriquí,David,Panama;andUniversity ofSouthBohemia,CeskéBudejovice,CzechRepublic
HansHalbwachs
DepartmentofConservationBiology,GoetheUniversity Frankfurt,Frankfurt,GermanyandBavarianForest NationalPark,Grafenau,Germany
CarlaJ.Harper
TrinityCollegeDublin,Dublin,Ireland;BavarianState CollectionforPaleontologyandGeology,Munich, Germany;andUniversityofKansas,Lawrence,KS, UnitedStates
Mao-QiangHe
StateKeyLaboratoryofMycology,Instituteof Microbiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing, People’sRepublicofChina
RosanneHealy UniversityofFlorida,Gainesville,FL,UnitedStates
HazaelHernandez TexasTechUniversityHealthSciencesCenter,Lubbock, TX,UnitedStates
KevinD.Hyde
CenterofExcellenceinFungalResearch,MaeFah LuangUniversity,ChiangRai,ThailandandMushroom ResearchFoundation,ChiangMai,Thailand
AshrafS.Ibrahim
TheLundquistInstitute,Harbor–UniversityofCalifornia LosAngelesMedicalCentre,Torrance,CA,United StatesandUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,Los Angeles,CA,UnitedStates
AlessandroInfantino CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAnalysisofthe AgriculturalEconomy,ResearchCentreforPlant ProtectionandCertification,Rome,Italy
KellyIshida UniversityofSãoPaulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil
IlseD.Jacobsen
HansKnöllInstitute,Jena,Germany
PatriciaKaishian
PurdueUniversity,WestLafayette,IN,UnitedStates andStateUniversityofNewYork,Syracuse,NY,United States
JoannJ.Kang
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NY,United States
MarioKapitan
HansKnöllInstitute,Jena,Germany
MagnusKarlsson
SwedishUniversityofAgriculturalSciences,Uppsala, Sweden
BruceS.Klein UniversityofWisconsin,Madison,WI,UnitedStates
DimitriosP.Kontoyiannis
TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancerCenter, Houston,TX,UnitedStates
MichaelKrings
BavarianStateCollectionforPaleontologyandGeology, Munich,Germany;Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich,Munich,Germany;andUniversityofKansas, Lawrence,KS,UnitedStates
DiogoKuczera
CarlosChagasInstitute,Curitiba,Brazil
AnneLachiewicz UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NC,United States
LuisaLanfranco UniversityofTurin,Turin,Italy
ThuyLe
DukeUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Durham,NC, UnitedStatesandOxfordUniversityClinicalResearch Unit,HoChiMinhcity,Vietnam
PhilipLee
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NewYork, NY,UnitedStates
AlexanderJ.Lepak UniversityofWisconsin,Madison,WI,UnitedStates
HuiliLi
KunmingInstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyof Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan,ChinaandCentrefor MountainFutures,KunmingInstituteofBotany, Kunming,Yunnan,China
MichailS.Lionakis
NationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases, NationalInstitutesofHealth,UnitedStates
SichenLiu
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,NewYorkCity,NY, UnitedStates
ClareLogan
StGeorge'sUniversityHospitalNHSTrust,StGeorge’ s UniversityofLondon,London,UnitedKingdom
AntonioF.Logrieco NationalResearchCouncil,Bari,Italy
CécileLorrain
MaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryBiology,Plön, Germany;Christian-AlbrechtsUniversityofKiel,Kiel, Germany;andUniversityofLorraine,Nancy, Champenoux,France
Katarzyna Łubiech KazimierzWielkiUniversity,Bydgoszcz,Poland
CarolineM.Marcos
SãoPauloStateUniversity,Araraquara,Brazil
AndreaMartinez
Rutgers,TheStateUniversityofNewJersey,New Brunswick,NJ,UnitedStates
LuisR.Martinez
UniversityofFlorida,Gainesville,FL,UnitedStates
JosephA.McBride
UniversityofWisconsin,Madison,WI,UnitedStates
MargaretE.McCort
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NY,United States
EmiliaMellado
MycologyReferenceLaboratory,NationalCentrefor Microbiology,InstitutodeSaludCarlosIII(ISCIII), Majadahonda,Madrid,Spain
MariaC.Monteiro
MycologyReferenceLaboratory,NationalCentrefor Microbiology,InstitutodeSaludCarlosIII(ISCIII), Majadahonda,Madrid,Spain
HéctorM.Mora-Montes UniversityofGuanajuato,Guanajuato,Mexico
ViníciusMoraisBarroso UniversityofSãoPaulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil
PeterE.Mortimer
KunmingInstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyof Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan,ChinaandCentrefor MountainFutures,KunmingInstituteofBotany, Kunming,Yunnan,China
CeliaMurciano UniversityofValencia,València,Spain
JeremyS.Nel UniversityoftheWitwatersrand,Johannesburg,SouthAfrica
TiborM.Nemeth UniversityofSzeged,Szeged,Hungary
LucaNerva
InstituteforSustainablePlantProtection,National ResearchCouncil,Torino,Italy;NationalResearch Council,Torino,Italy;andResearchCentrefor ViticultureandEnology,CouncilforAgricultural ResearchandEconomics,Conegliano,Italy
MariaJ.Niemiec HansKnöllInstitute,Jena,Germany
LeonardoNimrichter FederalUniversityofRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
JoshuaD.Nosanchuk AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NY,United States
UrsulaOggenfuss UniversityofNeuchâtel,Neuchâtel,Switzerland IbaiOlariaga ReyJuanCarlosUniversity,Móstoles,Madrid,Spain
HaroldoCdeOliveira CarlosChagasInstitute,Curitiba,Brazil
LuisOstrosky-Zeichner MemorialHermannTexasMedicalCenter,Houston, TX,UnitedStates
PedroPais iBB – InstituteforBioengineeringandBiosciences, InstitutoSuperiorTécnico,UniversityofLisbon,Lisbon, Portugal
JavierPemán HealthResearchInstituteHospitalLaFe,Valencia, SpainandHospitalUniversityandPolytechnicLaFe, Valencia,Spain
JohnR.Perfect DukeUniversityHealthSystem,Durham,NC,United States
DonaldH.Pfister HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,MA,UnitedStates
ChayanardPhukhamsakda EngineeringResearchCenterofChineseMinistryof EducationforEdibleandMedicinalFungi,Jilin AgriculturalUniversity,Changchun,Jilin,PRChinaand InstituteofPlantProtection,CollegeofAgriculture,Jilin AgriculturalUniversity,Changchun,Jilin,PRChina
Liise-AnnePirofski
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineandMontefiore MedicalCenter,Bronx,NY,UnitedStates
J.Pla
ComplutenseUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
MelaniePolke
HansKnöllInstitute,Jena,Germany
DanielJ.Polla
AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NY,United States
AlekseyPorollo
CincinnatiChildren’sHospitalMedicalCenter, Cincinnati,OH,UnitedStatesandUniversityof CincinnatiCollegeofMedicine,Cincinnati,OH,United States
D.Prieto
ComplutenseUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
C.AlishaQuandt UniversityofColorado,Boulder,CO,UnitedStates
BiancaRanocchi UniversityofUrbino,Urbino,Italy
MassimoReverberi
SapienzaUniversityofRome,Rome,Italy
MarcioL.Rodrigues
CarlosChagasInstitute,Curitiba,BrazilandFederal UniversityofRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
E.Román
ComplutenseUniversityofMadrid,Madrid,Spain
EsterRosa UniversityofGenoa,Genoa,Italy
SuélenA.Rossi
NationalCentreforMicrobiology,TheInstituteof HealthCarlosIII,Madrid,Spain
AlbaRuiz-Gaitán
HealthResearchInstituteHospitalLaFe,Valencia, Spain
SutthichaiSae-Tia
StonyBrookUniversity,StonyBrook,NY,UnitedStates
ValeriaScala
CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAgricultural EconomyAnalysis,Rome,Italy
LilianaScorzoni
SãoPauloStateUniversity,SãoJosédosCampos,Brazil
ChristopherJ.Shoff DukeUniversityHealthSystem,Durham,NC,United States
FabianoSillo NationalResearchCouncil,Torino,Italy
AlessandroSilvestri UniversityofTurin,Turin,Italy
KrishnapillaiSivasithamparam TheUniversityofWesternAustralia,Nedlands,WA, Australia
AnaC.O.Souza UniversityofTennesseeHealthScienceCenter, Memphis,TN,UnitedStates
TaianeN.Souza FederalUniversityofRiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro, Brazil
EvaStukenbrock
MaxPlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryBiology,Plön, GermanyandChristian-AlbrechtsUniversityofKiel, Kiel,Germany
CarlosP.Taborda UniversityofSãoPaulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil
AlmaK.Tamez-Castrellón UniversityofGuanajuato,Guanajuato,Mexico
MiguelC.Teixeira iBB – InstituteforBioengineeringandBiosciences, InstitutoSuperiorTécnico,UniversityofLisbon,Lisbon, Portugal
LeslieThianLungThan UniversitiPutraMalaysia,Serdang,Selangor,Malaysia
LuizR.Travassos FederalUniversityofSãoPaulo,SaoPaulo,Brazil
MagdalenaTwaruzek KazimierzWielkiUniversity,Bydgoszcz,Poland GeorgiosTzelepis SwedishUniversityofAgriculturalSciences,Uppsala, Sweden
PriyaUppuluri TheLundquistInstitute,Harbor–UniversityofCalifornia LosAngelesMedicalCentre,Torrance,CA,United StatesandUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,Los Angeles,CA,UnitedStates
MariaTeresaValente CouncilforAgriculturalResearchandAnalysisofthe AgriculturalEconomy,ResearchCentreforPlant ProtectionandCertification,Rome,Italy
ClaraValero
CarlosIIIHealthInstitute,Madrid,Spain
DavidVanDuin
UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NC,United States
RomeuViana
iBB – InstituteforBioengineeringandBiosciences, InstitutoSuperiorTécnico,UniversityofLisbon,Lisbon, Portugal
TaissaVila UniversityofMaryland,Baltimore,MD,UnitedStates
FrancescoVinale
UniversityofNaplesFedericoII,Naples,Italyand NationalResearchCouncil,Portici,Italy
FedericoVita UniversityofFlorence,Florence,Italy
SeanWasserman GrooteSchuurHospital,CapeTown,SouthAfricaand UniversityofCapeTown,CapeTown,SouthAfrica
NalinN.Wijayawardene
CenterforYunnanPlateauBiologicalResources ProtectionandUtilization,CollegeofBiologicalResource andFoodEngineering,QujingNormalUniversity, Qujing,Yunnan,PRChina
SiridaYoungchim ChiangMaiUniversity,ChiangMai,Thailand
AlbertoYáñez UniversityofValencia,València,Spain
DanielZamith-Miranda AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,Bronx,NY,United States
RoselyM.Zancopé-Oliveira OswaldoCruzFoundation,RiodeJaneiro,Brazil ÓscarZaragoza NationalCenterforMicrobiology,CarlosIIIHealth Institute,Madrid,Spain
SusanneZeilinger UniversityofInnsbruck,Innsbruck,Austria
Rui-LinZhao
StateKeyLaboratoryofMycology,Instituteof Microbiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing, People’sRepublicofChina
MircaZotti UniversityofGenoa,Genoa,Italy
CONTENTOFALLVOLUMES TheCellWallofMedicallyRelevantYeastsandMolds
ManuelaGómez-Gaviria,LauraCGarcía-Carnero,AlmaKTamez-Castrellón,andHéctorMMora-Montes
MembraneTransporters,anOverviewoftheArbuscularMycorrhizalFungalTransportome
FungalSecondaryMetabolism
FrancescoVinale,KrishnapillaiSivasithamparam,SusanneZeilinger,andSantiagoGutiérrez
MycotoxinsandMycotoxigenicFungi:RiskandManagement.AChallengeforFutureGlobalFood SafetyandSecurity
TheMAPKinaseNetworkAstheNervousSystemofFungi
ICorreia,DPrieto,RAlonso-Monge,JPla,andERomán
MarziaBeccaccioli,ValeriaScala,andMassimoReverberi
GenomeEvolutionofFungalPlantPathogens
MariaAragona,AlessandroInfantino,MariaTeresaValente,AlessandroGrottoli,andAnitaHaegi
Mycoviruses:AHiddenWorldWithinFungi
LucaNervaandWalterChitarra
TransposableElementsinFungi:CoevolutionWiththeHostGenomeShapes,GenomeArchitecture, PlasticityandAdaptation
CécileLorrain,UrsulaOggenfuss,DanielCroll,SebastienDuplessis,andEvaStukenbrock
Aspergilli,MoreThanJustFungi:ShapingtheLastDecadesofModelSystems
ProteomicsinMycorrhizalandPlantPathogenicFungi
FedericoVitaandStefanoGhignone
Host-InducedStressResponseinHumanPathogenicFungi
RomeuViana,PedroPais,MafaldaCavalheiro,MónicaGalocha,andMiguelCTeixeira
BiodegradationofAromaticToxicPollutantsbyWhiteRotFungi
FungalChitinandChitosan
MostafaMAboElsoud
GlucoseMetabolismandUseofAlternativeCarbonSourcesinMedically-ImportantFungi
ShuYihChewandLeslieThianLungThan
ErgosterolSynthesis
FungalVolatileOrganicCompounds
AndreaMartinezandJoanWBennett
OutlineofAscomycota
NalinNWijayawardene,KevinDHyde,andDong-QinDai
StructureandDevelopmentofAscomata
ChitrabhanuSBhunjun,ChayanardPhukhamsakda,andKevinDHyde
Laboulbeniomycetes,EnigmaticFungiWithaTurbulentTaxonomicHistory
DannyHaelewaters,Michał Gorczak,PatriciaKaishian,AndréDeKesel,andMeredithBlackwell
PhylogeneticAdvancesinLeotiomycetes,anUnderstudiedCladeofTaxonomicallyandEcologically DiverseFungi
CAlishaQuandtandDannyHaelewaters
FunctionalTraitsofStipitateBasidiomycetes
HansHalbwachsandClausBässler
FossilAscomycotaandBasidiomycota,WithNotesonFossilLichensandNematophytes
HansHalbwachs,CarlaJHarper,andMichaelKrings
TheCultivationofMacrofungi
SimoneDiPiazza,GraziaCecchi,EsterRosa,andMircaZotti
MacrofungiasFood
PeterEMortimer,EricBoa,KevinDHyde,andHuiliLi
Overview:HumanFungalPathogens
SiridaYoungchimandJoshuaDNosanchuk
PolyenesandAmphotericinB
IreneGarcía-BarbazánandÓscarZaragoza
AzoleAntifungalDrugs:ModeofActionandResistance
RocioGarcia-Rubio,MariaCMonteiro,andEmiliaMellado
AlexanderJLepakandDavidRAndes
Allylamines,MorpholineDerivatives,Fluoropyrimidines,andGriseofulvin
KellyIshidaandViníciusdeMoraisBarroso
NewTargetsfortheDevelopmentofAntifungalAgents
CristinadeCastroSpadari,TaissaVila,ViníciusdeMoraisBarroso,andKellyIshida
ImmunotherapyofFungalInfections
KausikDattaandLiise-AnnePirofski
DiagnosisofFungalInfections
MaríaJBuitragoandClaraValero
CommensaltoPathogenTransitionof Candidaalbicans
IlseDJacobsen,MariaJNiemiec,MarioKapitan,andMelaniePolke
Candidapsilosis Complex
TiborMNemeth,AttilaGacser,andJoshuaDNosanchuk
Candidaauris:ANew,ThreateningYeast
JavierPemánandAlbaRuiz-Gaitán
ImmuneResponseto Candidaalbicans Infection
AlbertoYáñez,CeliaMurciano,MLuisaGil,andDanielGozalbo
Infectionsby Cryptococcus species
SuélenARossiandÓscarZaragoza
EpidemiologyofInfectionsCausedbyMolds
JenniferMCuellar-RodriguezandLuisOstrosky-Zeichner
DiseasesCausedby Aspergillusfumigatus
RocioGarcia-RubioandLauraAlcazar-Fuoli
Mucormycosis
PriyaUppuluri,AbdullahAlqarihi,andAshrafSIbrahim
EpidemiologyofDimorphicFungi
AnaCOSouzaandCarlosPTaborda
Histoplasma
JoshuaDNosanchuk,DanielZamith-Miranda,andAllanJGuimarães
Coccidioidomycosis:TheValleyFever HazaelHernandezandLuisRMartinez
Blastomyces andBlastomycosis
BruceSKlein,JosephAMcBride,andGregoryMGauthier
Paracoccidioidomycosis
CarlosPTaborda,LuizRTravassos,andGilBenard
Sporotrichosis
RodrigoAlmeida-Paes,MariaCGutierrez-Galhardo,andRoselyMZancopé-Oliveira
AdvancesinGenomicsResearchofPneumocystisSpecies
AlekseyPorolloandMelanieTCushion
SubcutaneousFungalInfections
DayvisonFSFreitas,PriscilaMdeMacedo,MariaCGutierrez-Galhardo,andFábioFrancesconi
Super ficialInfectionsoftheSkinandNails
PriscilaMdeMacedoandDayvisonFSFreitas
GenitourinaryFungalInfections(OtherThanVaginalCandidiasis) SutthichaiSae-TiaandBettinaCFries
FungalInfectionsofHumanMammaryGlandDuringLactation
Katarzyna ŁubiechandMagdalenaTwarużek
FungalInfectionsoftheCentralNervousSystem
HaroldoCdeOliveira,RafaelFCastelli,DiogoKuczera,TaianeNSouza,CarolineMMarcos, LilianaScorzoni,LeonardoNimrichter,andMarcioLRodrigues
SichenLiuandJoshuaDNosanchuk
FungalOphthalmologicalInfections
DanielJPollaandJoannJKang
AIDS-RelatedMycoses
TihanaBicanic,ClareLogan,BeatrizLGomez,ThuyLe,andSeanWasserman
FungalInfectionsinTransplantRecipients JeremySNel,AnneLachiewicz,andDavidVanDuin
UncommonYeastsandMoldsCausingHumanDisease
IntegratingFungiintheDrinkingWaterRegulationandinGuidelinesforMaterialsinContactWith DrinkingWater.IsthereRoomforChange?
MonikaNovakBabič,JoãoBrandão,andNinaGunde-Cimerman
HowtoAssesFungalContaminationinSchoolEnvironments
AirborneFungiinWorkplaceAtmospheres:OverviewofActiveSamplingandOf
–2019
Next-GenerationSequencinginEnvironmentalMycology.AUsefulTool?
FungalContaminationofSwimmingPoolsandFitnessCenters
OccupationalFungalExposureandAssessmentonAnimalProduction
MartaDias,PedroSousa,andCarlaViegas
FungalPrevalenceonWasteIndustry –
Aspergillus inIndoorEnvironments MalcolmDRichardsonandRiinaRautemaa-Richardson
FungalExposureinAgriculturalEnvironments – AReview
FungalExposureandRelevantRecreationalSettings
JoãoBrandão,ChelseaWeiskerger,andMonikaNovakBabič
Assessmentof Aspergillus Section Fumigati inOccupationalEnvironments –
ScreeningofFungalAzoleResistanceinDifferentEnvironmentalSamples
PedroPena,JoanaMorais,LilianaACaetano,andCarlaViegas
AssessmentofAzoleResistanceinHealthcareFacilities
LilianaAranhaCaetano,NatáliaCosta,andCátiaOliveira
ClimateChangeandAflatoxinsContaminationintheIberianPeninsula RicardoAssunção,ArianeVettorazzi,ElenaGonzález-Peñas,andCarlaMartins
TheUsefulnessofHumanBiomonitoringintheCaseofMycotoxinsExposureAssessment
MycotoxinsasEndocrineDisruptors – AnEmergingThreat
CarlaMartins,ArnauVidal,MartheDeBoevre,andRicardoAssunção
FungiinMilkandinDairyProducts
KarolinaRopejko,JanGrajewski,andMagdalenaTwarużek
ProfileofFungiinDietarySupplement,BasedonPlantRawMaterial
IwonaAłtynandMagdalenaTwarużek
MoldsinFoodSpoilage
MagdalenaTwarużek,EwelinaSoszczyńska,andJustynaKwiatkowska-Giżyńska
MycobiotaCausingDiseasesinPets
ElenaPiecková
ProductionofNativeandRecombinantEnzymesbyFungiforIndustrialApplications
Jean-PaulOuedraogoandAdrianTsang
FungalLaccasesasBiocatalystsforWideRangeApplications
FelipedeSalasandSusanaCamarero
FungalLignin-ModifyingPeroxidasesandH2O2-ProducingEnzymes
MiiaRMäkelä,KristiinaSHildén,andJaanaKuuskeri
FungalPeroxygenases – AVersatileToolforBiocatalysis
RenéUllrich,AlexanderKarich,andMartinHofrichter
FungalLyticPolysaccharideMonooxygenases(LPMOs):BiologicalImportanceandApplications
AnikóVárnai,OlavAHegnar,SveinJHorn,VincentGHEijsink,andJean-GuyBerrin
ApplicationsofFungalCellulases
AstridMüller,JoannaEKowalczyk,andMiiaRMäkelä
ApplicationsofFungalHemicellulases
UttamKumarJanaandNaveenKango
ApplicationsofFungalPectinases
MaríaGZavala-Páramo,MariaGVilla-Rivera,AliciaLara-Márquez,EverardoLópez-Romero,and HoracioCano-Camacho
FungalBiotechnology:FungalAmylasesandTheirApplications
RosemaryACripwell,WillemHebervanZyl,andMarindaViljoen-Bloom
ApplicationsofFungalInulinases
RitumbharaChoukadeandNaveenKango
FungalProteases:CurrentandPotentialIndustrialApplications
AleksandrinaPatyshakuliyeva
MultifariousApplicationsofFungalPhytases
ParvinderKaur,AshimaVohra,andTulasiSatyanarayana
ModificationofPlantCarbohydratesUsingFungalEnzymes
MirjamAKabel,MatthiasFrommhagen,PeichengSun,andHenkASchols
ProductionofOligosaccharidesbyFungiorFungalEnzymes
MaíraNdeAlmeidaandGabrielaPMaitan-Alfenas
MetabolicModelingofFungi
SebastiánNMendoza,SaraCalhoun,BasTeusink,andMaríaVictoriaAguilar-Pontes
ProductionofOrganicAcidsbyFungi
BiotechnologicalAdvancements,InnovationsandChallengesforSustainableXylitolProductionby Yeast
SaraLBaptista,AloiaRomaní,andLucíliaDomingues
BiotechnologyofWineYeasts
NiëlvanWyk,ChristianvonWallbrunn,JanHSwiegers,andIsakSPretorius
EthanolToleranceandProductionbyYeasts
SandraGarriguesandSoniaSalazar-Cerezo
TheBiosynthesisofFungalSecondaryMetabolites:FromFundamentalstoBiotechnological Applications
OlgaMosunova,JorgeCNavarro-Muñoz,andJérômeCollemare
DegradationofHomocyclicAromaticCompoundsbyFungi
RonnieJMLubbersandRonaldPdeVries
GeneticEngineeringforStrainImprovementinFilamentousFungi
SandraGarrigues,NataliaMartínez-Reyes,andRonaldPdeVries
StrainImprovementandGeneticEngineeringof Trichoderma forIndustrialApplications
PeijieChen,GuanPang,FengCai,andIrinaSDruzhinina
ExpressionofRecombinantFungalProteinsin PichiaPastoris
NaokiSunagawaandKiyohikoIgarashi
TranscriptionalRegulation:HowSaprobicFungiTunetheProductionofPlantCellWallDegrading Enzymes
JoannaEKowalczykandPaulDaly
BioinformaticsApproachesforFungalBiotechnology
JiajiaLi,RonaldPdeVries,andMaoPeng
ProductionofBiofuelsFromBiomassbyFungi
EvaOttum,ScottEBaker,andErinLBredeweg
OleaginousFungiinBiore fineries
ShousongZhu,GregoryBonito,YinhuaChen,andZhi-YanDu
RoleofFungiinFermentedFoods
GarimaMaheshwari,JennyAhlborn,andMartinRühl
TheApplicationofFungalBiomassasFeed
SajjadKarimi,JorgeAFerreira,andMohammadJTaherzadeh
ApplicationsofFungalPolysaccharides
MonikaOsińska-Jaroszuk,JustynaSulej,MagdalenaJaszek,andJolantaJaroszuk-
DevelopmentofMycoherbicides
AlexanderBerestetskiy
Biofungicides:AnEco-FriendlyApproachforPlantDiseaseManagement
AnaCdosSantosGomes,RonivaldoRdaSilva,SilvinoIMoreira,SamaraNCVicentini,and PauloCCeresini
DegradationofPlasticsbyFungi
WolfgangZimmermann
TreatmentofIndustrialWastewatersandLiquidWastebyFungi
KarinaMichalska,AnnaGoszkiewicz,KingaSkalska,ElizaKołodziejczyk,JustynaMarkiewicz,Rafał Majzer, andMarcinSiedlecki
AntitumorandImmunomodulatoryCompoundsfromFungi
RosarioNicoletti
MyceliumMaterials
FreekVWAppelsandHanABWösten
SubjectIndex
EDITORBIOGRAPHIES EditorInChief DrÓscarZaragoza receivedhisdegreeinBiologyin1995,andin1996hestartedhis scientificcareer,whichhasbeenfocusedonmicroscopicfungi.HestartedhisPhDunderthe supervisionofDrJuanaMaríaGancedo(BiomedicalResearchInstitute,CSIC,Madrid, Spain)in1996.HeobtainedhisPhDin2000,andinhisthesis,hestudiedcatabolite repressionintheyeast Saccharomycescerevisiae.Duringthisperiod,andunderthesupervision ofDrCarlosGancedo,DrZaragozastartedworkingwithhumanpathogenicfungi, using Candidaalbicans asmodel.
In2001hestartedhispostdoctoraltraininginthelaboratoryofDrArturoCasadevall (AlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine,NewYork),whoisoneofthemostrecognizedscientistsinthe fieldofClinicalMycology.Duringthisperiod,hefocusedhisresearchon humanpathogenicfungi,andinparticular,on Cryptococcusneoformans,whichhasasignificantprevalenceamongHIV+ patients.In2006,hereturnedtoSpain,andbeganhiswork asPrincipalInvestigatorattheMycologyReferenceLaboratoryoftheNationalCentreforMicrobiologyoftheNationalHealth InstituteCarlosIII(Madrid,Spain),directedbyDrRodríguez-TudelaandDrCuenca-Estrella.
DrZaragoza0 sgroupmaininterestistheinvestigationofhumanfungalpathogens.Thesemicroorganismsaffectmainly immunosuppressedpatients,andtheyareassociatedwithhighmortalityratesandasigni ficantincreaseintheeconomiccostof patienttreatment.Inthelastdecade,hehasdirectedtwomainresearchlines.Oneisfocusedonthemechanismsoffungal adaptationtothehost,usingthepathogen C.neoformans asmodel.Inaddition,thegroupisinterestedintheinvestigationof antifungalagents(actionmechanismsandresistance).DrZaragozaiscurrentlyworkingattheMycologyReferenceoftheNational CentreforMicrobiologyoftheNationalHealthInstituteCarlosIII,wherehealsosupervisesdifferenttasksaimedtosupportthe NationalHealthSystem(identificationandantifungalsusceptibilityofclinicalisolates).
Hisresearchhasauthoredmorethan80publicationsinsomeofthemostimportantinternationaljournalsofthe field(PLOS Pathogens,mBio,InfectionandImmunity,mBio,CellularMicrobiology,AntimicrobialAgentsandChemotherapy,amongothers),and severalchaptersinspecializedbooks.DrZaragozaisalsomemberoftheeditorialboardsof PLOSONE,BMCMicrobiology,Frontiers inMicrobiology (Fungiandtheirdevelopment)and Mycopathologia
HonoraryEditor ArturoCasadevall,M.D.,Ph.D.,isaBloombergDistinguishedProfessorandAlfredandJill SummerChairoftheMolecularMicrobiologyandImmunologyatJohnsHopkinsSchool ofPublicHealth.HereceivedhisM.D.andPh.D.degreesfromNewYorkUniversity.He completedhisinternship/residencyininternalmedicineatBellevueHospitalandspecializedin InfectiousDiseasesattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine.Theauthorofover800papers, booksandchapters,hismajorresearchinterestsareinfungalpathogenesisandthemechanisms ofantibodyaction.Heiseditor-in-chiefofmBio,DeputyEditoroftheJournalofClinical Investigationandservesonseveraleditorialboards.Hehasreceivednumeroushonors includingelectiontotheAmericanSocietyforClinicalInvestigation,AmericanAcademyof Physicians,AmericanAcademyofMicrobiology,FellowoftheAmericanAcademyforthe AdvancementofScience,AmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesandtheNationalAcademyof Medicine.
SectionEditors RaffaellaMariaBalestrini.Biologist,PhDinFungalBiologyandBiotechnology.WithCNR since1998,RaffaellaiscurrentlyaResearchDirectoratCNR-IPSP.Shehasexpertiseonstudies aimedtohighlightthecellularandmolecularbasesofplant-soilmicroorganisminteractions, mainlyfocusingoncellwallchangesandnutritionalexchanges.Shemainlycontributedto elucidatedifferentaspectsrelatedtotheinterfacecreationand,byapplyingalasermicrodissection(LMD)approach,shecontributedtoobtainnewknowledgeonthecell-speci ficityin arbuscularmycorrhizal(AM)roots.Thankstotheparticipationatdiverseinternationalconsortia,shehascontributedtohighlightthegenomefeaturesofdifferentmycorrhizalfungi. Currentresearchinterestsmainlyaddresscropresponsestoenvironmentalstressesandtherole ofroot-associatedmicroorganisms(e.g.,mycorrhizalfungi)inimprovingtolerance.Scientific activitieshavebeencarriedoutwithinnationalandinternationalprojectsincludingEUprojects. Memberoftheeditorialboardfordifferentscientificjournalsandshereviewedseveralproject proposalsfordifferentnationalandinternationalInstitutions.SheismemberofdiverseEditorialBoardsofinternationalpeer-reviewedscientificjournals.Shehaspublishedover100 papersinpeer-reviewedindexedjournalsandmanybookchapters.
MiiaR.Mäkelä isPrincipalInvestigatorandAdjunctProfessorattheDepartmentofMicrobiology,UniversityofHelsinki,Finland.Hermainresearchinterestistounderstandfungal plantbiomassconversionanddegradationatthemolecularlevelandapplythisknowledgein biotechnology.
SheobtainedherPhDinMicrobiologyfromtheFacultyofAgricultureandForestry, UniversityofHelsinki.Herpostdoctoralprojectsaddressedvariousaspectsoffungallignocellulosedegradation,includinggenomeminingandcharacterizationofnovelenzymesfor plantbiomassconversionandvalorization.DuringherpositionatWesterdijkFungalBiodiversityInstitute,TheNetherlands,shefocusedonregulationofplantbiomassconversionand metabolicengineeringinascomycetefungi.ShereceivedtheprestigiousAcademyofFinland ResearchFellowshippositionin2017,whichallowedhertodeveloparesearchlineonthe basidiomyceteregulatorysystemscontrollingplantbiomassconversionprocess.Functional genomicsandpost-genomicapproachesaswellasgenomeeditingareintegraltoherresearch.
Shehas(co-)authoredover100peer-reviewedpublicationsandhasbeenaguest-editorfor twospecialissuesofthejournalFungalGeneticsandBiology.Sheiscurrentlyaneditorial boardmemberforBiotechnologyLetters,andanassociateeditorforFrontiersinFungal BiologyandFrontiersinMicrobiology.
JoshNosanchuk,MDisProfessorofMedicine(InfectiousDiseases)andMicrobiology&ImmunologyaswellasSeniorAssociateDeanforMedicalEducationatAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicine inNewYorkCity.InhisDeanposition,DrNosanchukstrivestointegratebasic,clinicalandhealth systemscienceacrossthecurriculumofthemedicalschool.DrNosanchuk’slaboratoryfocuseson pathogenicfungiandnoveltherapeutics.Majorpathogenicfungistudiedinclude Histoplasmacapsulatum,Candidaparapsilosis,C.auris,C.albicans,and Cryptococcusneoformans.Inparticular,the laboratoryinvestigates1)howantibodycanmodifydiseaseoutcomes,2)theroleofmelanin productiononpathogenesis,and3)theeffectsofextracellularreleaseofvesiclesfromfungi,which containnumerousproductsassociatedwithvirulence.NoveltherapeuticsdevelopedintheNosanchuklaboratoryincludemelanin-bindingantibodiesthathavebeenusedinaclinicaltrialfor melanomaandpre-clinicalcompoundssuchasnitricoxide-releasingnanoparticlesandsiRNAtargeting fidgetin-like2,amicrotubuleseveringenzymethatregulateswoundhealing.
CarlaViegas isafullProfessoratLisbonSchoolofHealthTechnology,Directorofthe OccupationalHealthMaster’scourseandresearcheratH&TRC-Health&Technology ResearchCenterfromESTeSL-IPL,NOVANationalSchoolofPublicHealth,PublicHealth ResearchCentre,UniversidadeNOVAdeLisboaandComprehensiveHealthResearchCenter (CHRC).SheisgraduatedinEnvironmentalHealthfromLisbonSchoolofHealthTechnology – PolytechnicInstituteofLisbonhasaMastersdegreeinSafetyandErgonomicsfrom LisbonUniversityandPhDinOccupationalandEnvironmentalHealthfromNewUniversity ofLisbon.Hermajor fieldofstudyisoccupationalandenvironmentalmycologyleadingand participatinginseveralnationalandinternationalprojectsaboutbothareasofexpertise. Specialinterestsareoccupationalexposuretofungiinhighlycontaminatedsettingsand complementarityofculturebased-methodsandmoleculartoolstoassessfungalcontamination.Additionally,shehasexpertiseinsamplingcampaignsperformedindifferent occupationalenvironmentsusingwidesamplingandanalysesapproachtoassessmultiple microbiologicagents.Carlahasauthoredhasseveralpublications/communicationsinthe referredareasofspecialization.
AlfredoVizzini isabiologistwithover30years’ experienceinSystematicMycology.He graduatedwithaPhDinBiologyandBiotechnologyoffungifromtheDepartmentofPlant BiologyofTorino,Italy.HeisnowanAssociateProfessorofSystematicBotanyattheUniversityofTorino(DepartmentofLifeSciencesandSystemsBiology)whereheteachesbiodiversityoffungiandterrestrialplants.Hisresearchinterestsfocusonmushroomtaxonomy, especiallyagaricoidandboletoidspecies,usingmorphologicalandmolecularapproaches.
Heistheauthorofover200publicationsonpeer-reviewedinternationaljournals.Alfredois currentlyassociate/sectioneditorofthejournalsAscomycete.org,BiodiversityDataJournal, BulletinofEnvironmentalandLifeSciences,ItalianBotanist,MycoKeys,Mycosphere,Phytotaxa, StudiesinFungi,Taxonomy,andacuratorofthewebpagesBasidiomycota(https://basidio.org/), andFacesofFungi(https://www.facesoffungi.org/).
RonaldP.deVries.GroupLeaderFungalPhysiologyatWesterdijkFungalBiodiversity Institute(TheNetherlands)andProfessorinFungalMolecularPhysiologyatUtrechtUniversity(TheNetherlands).
Hisresearchaddressestheconversionofbiomass(plantandmarine)byfungi,focusing ontheextracellularenzymes,theintracellularmetabolicpathwaysandthetranscriptional regulatorsthatcontroltheseprocesses,aswellastheapplicationoffungiforthebiobased economy.Itcontainsastrong(post-)genomiccomponentcombinedwithmodernand establishedexperimentalmethodologies,suchasgenomeediting,enzymology,metabolic engineeringandphysiology.
HegraduatedatWageningenUniversity(TheNetherlands)andspentsometimethereand atInstitutPasteur(Paris,France)asapostdoc,afterwhichhemovedtoUtrechtUniversityasa postdocandseniorscientist,beforetakinguphiscurrentposition.Heobtainedtheprestigious DutchVIDI(2005)andVICI(2013)grantsandbecameanhonorarymemberoftheHungarianMicrobiologicalSocietyin2017.HeisavisitingprofessoratUniversityofHelsinki (Finland)andamemberofthefungaladvisoryboardoftheJointGenomeInstitute,USA.
